Revenue

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Revenue

NOTE C. REVENUE

Revenue is recognized as each distinct performance obligation within a contract is satisfied. A performance obligation is a promise in a contract to transfer a distinct good or service to the customer. The Company enters into long-term agreements (“LTAs”) and distributor agreements with certain customers. The LTAs and distributor agreements do not include committed volumes until underlying purchase orders are issued; therefore, the Company determined that purchase orders are the contract with a customer. A contract’s transaction price is allocated to each distinct performance obligation and recognized as revenue when the performance obligation is satisfied, as there is no right of return.

Some of the Company's contracts include multiple performance obligations, most commonly the sale of both a transmission and extended transmission coverage ("ETC"). The Company allocates the contract’s transaction price to each performance obligation based on the standalone selling price of each distinct good or service in the contract.

The Company may also use volume-based discounts and rebates as marketing incentives in the sales of both vehicle propulsion solutions and service parts, which are accounted for as variable consideration. The Company records the impact of the incentives as a reduction to revenue when it is determined that the adjustment is not likely to reverse. The Company estimates the impact of all other incentives based on the related sales and market conditions in the end market vocation. The Company recorded no material adjustments based on variable consideration for either of the three or nine months ended September 30, 2023 or 2022.

Net sales are made on credit terms, generally 30 days, based on an assessment of the customer’s creditworthiness. For certain goods or services, the Company receives consideration prior to satisfying the related performance obligation. Such consideration is recorded as a contract liability in current and non-current deferred revenue as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022. See "Note J. Deferred Revenue” for more information, including the amount of revenue earned during each of the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 that had been previously deferred. The Company had no material contract assets as of either September 30, 2023 or December 31, 2022.

The Company has one operating segment and reportable segment. The Company is in one line of business, which is the manufacture and distribution of vehicle propulsion solutions. The following presents disaggregated revenue by categories that best depict how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors (dollars in millions):

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
North America On-Highway	$	376	$	340	$	1,149	$	1,026
North America Off-Highway		9		24		58		62
Defense		43		35		103		99
Outside North America On-Highway		118		118		349		332
Outside North America Off-Highway		19		36		66		98
Service Parts, Support Equipment and Other		171		157		535		434
Total Net Sales	$	736	$	710	$	2,260	$	2,051

NOTE J. DEFERRED REVENUE

As of September 30, 2023, current and non-current deferred revenue was $44 million and $94 million, respectively. As of September 30, 2022, current and non-current deferred revenue was $39 million and $95 million, respectively.

Deferred revenue activity consisted of the following (dollars in millions):

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023			2022			2023			2022
Beginning balance	$	139		$	135		$	131		$	136
Increases		13			8			42			28
Revenue earned		(14	)		(9	)		(35	)		(30	)
Ending balance	$	138		$	134		$	138		$	134

Deferred revenue recorded in current and non-current liabilities related to ETC as of September 30, 2023 was $29 million and $86 million, respectively. Deferred revenue recorded in current and non-current liabilities related to ETC as of September 30, 2022 was $30 million and $86 million, respectively.