<?xml version="1.0"?>
<ownershipDocument>

    <schemaVersion>X0202</schemaVersion>

    <documentType>4</documentType>

    <periodOfReport>2007-08-07</periodOfReport>

    <issuer>
        <issuerCik>0000800082</issuerCik>
        <issuerName>ARGONAUT GROUP INC</issuerName>
        <issuerTradingSymbol>AGII</issuerTradingSymbol>
    </issuer>

    <reportingOwner>
        <reportingOwnerId>
            <rptOwnerCik>0001112049</rptOwnerCik>
            <rptOwnerName>SINGLETON GROUP LLC</rptOwnerName>
        </reportingOwnerId>
        <reportingOwnerAddress>
            <rptOwnerStreet1>11661 SAN VICENTE BLVD</rptOwnerStreet1>
            <rptOwnerStreet2>SUITE 915</rptOwnerStreet2>
            <rptOwnerCity>LOS ANGELES</rptOwnerCity>
            <rptOwnerState>CA</rptOwnerState>
            <rptOwnerZipCode>90049</rptOwnerZipCode>
            <rptOwnerStateDescription></rptOwnerStateDescription>
        </reportingOwnerAddress>
        <reportingOwnerRelationship>
            <isDirector>0</isDirector>
            <isOfficer>0</isOfficer>
            <isTenPercentOwner>1</isTenPercentOwner>
            <isOther>0</isOther>
        </reportingOwnerRelationship>
    </reportingOwner>

    <reportingOwner>
        <reportingOwnerId>
            <rptOwnerCik>0001112047</rptOwnerCik>
            <rptOwnerName>SINGLETON WILLIAM W</rptOwnerName>
        </reportingOwnerId>
        <reportingOwnerAddress>
            <rptOwnerStreet1>11661 SAN VICENTE BLVD</rptOwnerStreet1>
            <rptOwnerStreet2>SUITE 915</rptOwnerStreet2>
            <rptOwnerCity>LOS ANGELES</rptOwnerCity>
            <rptOwnerState>CA</rptOwnerState>
            <rptOwnerZipCode>90049</rptOwnerZipCode>
            <rptOwnerStateDescription></rptOwnerStateDescription>
        </reportingOwnerAddress>
        <reportingOwnerRelationship>
            <isDirector>0</isDirector>
            <isOfficer>0</isOfficer>
            <isTenPercentOwner>1</isTenPercentOwner>
            <isOther>0</isOther>
        </reportingOwnerRelationship>
    </reportingOwner>

    <reportingOwner>
        <reportingOwnerId>
            <rptOwnerCik>0001408652</rptOwnerCik>
            <rptOwnerName>Mednick Christina Singleton</rptOwnerName>
        </reportingOwnerId>
        <reportingOwnerAddress>
            <rptOwnerStreet1>11661 SAN VICENTE BLVD</rptOwnerStreet1>
            <rptOwnerStreet2>SUITE 915</rptOwnerStreet2>
            <rptOwnerCity>LOS ANGELES</rptOwnerCity>
            <rptOwnerState>CA</rptOwnerState>
            <rptOwnerZipCode>90049</rptOwnerZipCode>
            <rptOwnerStateDescription></rptOwnerStateDescription>
        </reportingOwnerAddress>
        <reportingOwnerRelationship>
            <isDirector>0</isDirector>
            <isOfficer>0</isOfficer>
            <isTenPercentOwner>1</isTenPercentOwner>
            <isOther>0</isOther>
        </reportingOwnerRelationship>
    </reportingOwner>

    <nonDerivativeTable>
        <nonDerivativeTransaction>
            <securityTitle>
                <value>Common Stock</value>
            </securityTitle>
            <transactionDate>
                <value>2007-08-07</value>
            </transactionDate>
            <transactionCoding>
                <transactionFormType>4</transactionFormType>
                <transactionCode>U</transactionCode>
                <equitySwapInvolved>0</equitySwapInvolved>
                <footnoteId id="F1"/>
            </transactionCoding>
            <transactionAmounts>
                <transactionShares>
                    <value>4192841</value>
                </transactionShares>
                <transactionPricePerShare>
                    <footnoteId id="F1"/>
                </transactionPricePerShare>
                <transactionAcquiredDisposedCode>
                    <value>D</value>
                </transactionAcquiredDisposedCode>
            </transactionAmounts>
            <postTransactionAmounts>
                <sharesOwnedFollowingTransaction>
                    <value>0</value>
                </sharesOwnedFollowingTransaction>
            </postTransactionAmounts>
            <ownershipNature>
                <directOrIndirectOwnership>
                    <value>D</value>
                    <footnoteId id="F2"/>
                </directOrIndirectOwnership>
                <natureOfOwnership>
                    <value></value>
                </natureOfOwnership>
            </ownershipNature>
        </nonDerivativeTransaction>
    </nonDerivativeTable>

    <footnotes>
        <footnote id="F1">On August 7, 2007,  PXMS, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of PXRE Group Ltd. (&quot;PXRE&quot;) was merged with and into Argonaut Group, Inc. (&quot;Argonaut&quot;), with Argonaut continuing after the merger as the surviving corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of Argo Group International Holdings, Ltd. (formerly known as PXRE) (&quot;Argo Group&quot;).  Pursuant to the merger agreement, each outstanding share of Argonaut common stock converted into the right to receive .6484 Argo Group common shares (taking into account a one for ten reverse share split as of the effective time of the merger) as of August 7, 2007.</footnote>
        <footnote id="F2">These shares are owned directly by the Singleton Group LLC.  William W. Singleton and Christina Singleton Mednick, as trustees and beneficiaries of certain trusts holding membership interests in the Singleton Group LLC  and as Managers of the Singleton Group LLC, have indirect interests in these shares through Singleton Group LLC.  William W. Singleton and Christina Singleton Mednick are filing jointly with the Singleton Group LLC, but disclaim beneficial interest of the Argonaut Group, Inc. shares held by the Singleton Group LLC except to the extent of their respective pecuniary interest therein.</footnote>
    </footnotes>

    <remarks></remarks>

    <ownerSignature>
        <signatureName>Donald E. Rugg, as manager of the Singleton Group LLC and Attorney-in-fact for William W. Singleton and Christina Singleton Mednick</signatureName>
        <signatureDate>2007-08-14</signatureDate>
    </ownerSignature>
</ownershipDocument>
