Capital Stock, Warrants and Stock Options (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Equity [Abstract]

Schedule of Estimated Using the Binomial Model to Determine the Fair Value of Warrant Liabilities

The fair value of the warrant liabilities related to the various tranches of warrants issued during the period were estimated using the Binomial model to determine the fair value using the following assumptions as at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023:

August 2024 warrants	September 30, 2024			Grant Date
Expected life		1,042 days			1,095 days
Volatility		100	%		105	%
Risk free interest rate		2.91	%		3.25	%
Dividend yield		0	%		0	%
Share price (C$)	$	0.16		$	0.16
Fair value	$	92,115		$	98,493
Change in derivative liability	$	(6,378	)

March 2023 warrants	September 30, 2024			December 31, 2023
Expected life		543 days			817 days
Volatility		24	%		24	%
Risk free interest rate		2.91	%		3.88	%
Dividend yield		0	%		0	%
Share price (C$)	$	0.16		$	0.11
Fair value	$	1,051,876		$	281,085
Change in derivative liability	$	770,791

April 2022 special warrants issuance	September 30, 2024			December 31, 2023
Expected life		183 days			457 days
Volatility		60	%		110	%
Risk free interest rate		2.91	%		3.88	%
Dividend yield		0	%		0	%
Share price (C$)	$	0.16		$	0.11
Fair value	$	1		$	546,592
Change in derivative liability	$	(546,591	)

April 2022 non-brokered issuance	September 30, 2024			December 31, 2023
Expected life		183 days			457 days
Volatility		60	%		110	%
Risk free interest rate		2.91	%		3.88	%
Dividend yield		0	%		0	%
Share price (C$)	$	0.16		$	0.11
Fair value	$	1		$	21,253
Change in derivative liability	$	(21,252	)

June 2022 issuance	September 30, 2024			December 31, 2023
Expected life		183 days			457 days
Volatility		60	%		110	%
Risk free interest rate		2.91	%		3.88	%
Dividend yield		0	%		0	%
Share price (C$)	$	0.16		$	0.11
Fair value	$	1		$	17,589
Change in derivative liability	$	(17,588	)

February 2021 issuance	September 30, 2024			December 31, 2023
Expected life		497 days			771 days
Volatility		85	%		110	%
Risk free interest rate		2.91	%		3.88	%
Dividend yield		0	%		0	%
Share price (C$)	$	0.16		$	0.11
Fair value	$	198,474		$	367,349
Change in derivative liability	$	(168,875	)

June 2019 issuance	September 30, 2024			December 31, 2023
Expected life		457 days			731 days
Volatility		85	%		110	%
Risk free interest rate		2.91	%		3.88	%
Dividend yield		0	%		0	%
Share price (C$)	$	0.16		$	0.11
Fair value	$	67,374		$	226,570
Change in derivative liability	$	(159,196	)

August 2019 issuance	September 30, 2024			December 31, 2023
Expected life		457 days			731 days
Volatility		85	%		110	%
Risk free interest rate		2.91	%		3.88	%
Dividend yield		0	%		0	%
Share price (C$)	$	0.16		$	0.11
Fair value	$	103,545		$	348,211
Change in derivative liability	$	(244,666	)

Schedule of Warrant Activity

Outstanding warrants at September 30, 2024 and September 30, 2023 were as follows:

				Weighted		Weighted
				average		average
	Number of			exercise price		grant date
	warrants			(C$)		value ($)
Balance, December 31, 2022		162,129,064		$	0.49	$	0.17
Issued		51,633,727			0.15		0.05
Expired		(58,284,148	)		0.50		0.27
Exercised		(10,416,667	)		0.11		0.12
Balance, September 30, 2023		145,061,976		$	0.37	$	0.09
Balance, December 31, 2023		145,061,976		$	0.37	$	0.09
Issued		1,280,591			0.16		0.08
Balance, September 30, 2024		146,342,567		$	0.37	$	0.09

Schedule of Warrants Outstanding Exercise Price

At September 30, 2024, the following warrants were outstanding:

	Exercise		Number of		Number of warrants
Expiry date	price (C$)		warrants		exercisable
April 1, 2025		0.37		40,538,969		40,538,969
December 31, 2025		0.59		32,895,200		32,895,200
February 9, 2026		0.60		17,112,500		17,112,500
February 16, 2026		0.60		2,881,580		2,881,580
March 27, 2026		0.15		51,633,727		51,633,727
August 8, 2027		0.16		1,280,591		1,280,591
				146,342,567		146,342,567

Schedule of Compensation Options

At September 30, 2024, the following broker options were outstanding:

				Weighted
	Number of			average
	broker			exercise price
	options			(C$)
Balance, December 31, 2022		5,470,799		$	0.34
Issued – March 2023 Compensation Options (i)		2,070,258			0.15
Expired – August 2020 Compensation Options		(3,239,907	)		0.35
Balance, September 30, 2023		4,301,150			0.24
Balance, December 31, 2023		4,301,150			0.24
Expired – February 2024		(351,000	)		0.50
Expired – April 2024		(1,879,892	)		0.30
Balance, September 30, 2024		2,070,258			0.15

(i) The grant date fair value of the March 2023 Compensation Options was estimated at $111,971 using the Black-Scholes valuation model with the following underlying assumptions:

Schedule of Estimated Using Black-Scholes Valuation Model for Fair Value of Broker Options

Grant Date	Risk free interest rate			Dividend yield			Volatility			Stock price	Weighted average life
March 2023		3.4	%		0	%		120	%	C$0.11	3 years

Schedule of Broker Exercise Prices

	Exercise		Number of		Grant date Fair value
Expiry date	price (C$)		broker options		($)
March 27, 2026(i)	$	0.15		2,070,258	$	111,971
				2,070,258	$	111,971

i) Exercisable into one March 2023 Unit

Schedule of Stock Options

The following table summarizes the stock option activity during the nine months ended September 30, 2024, and September 30 2023:

				Weighted
				average
	Number of			exercise price
	stock options			(C$)
Balance, December 31, 2022		9,320,636		$	0.51
Expired, September 30, 2023		(200,000	)	$	0.60
Balance, September 30, 2023		9,120,636		$	0.51
Balance, December 31, 2023		8,970,636		$	0.52
Granted (i)		87,493		$	0.16
Balance, September 30, 2024		9,058,129		$	0.51

(i) On August 1, 2024, the Company granted 87,493 Stock Options to a certain employee of the Company with all vesting on the first anniversary of the grant date.

Schedule of Actual Stock Options Issued and Outstanding

The following table reflects the actual stock options issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2024:

					Number of
	Remaining		Number of		options
Exercise	contractual		options		vested		Grant date
price (C$)	life (years)		outstanding		(exercisable)		fair value ($)
0.60		0.07		1,575,000		1,575,000		435,069
0.335		0.08		1,037,977		1,037,977		204,213
0.55		0.55		5,957,659		5,957,659		1,536,764
0.15		3.15		400,000		300,000		37,387
0.16		4.40		87,493		-		7,242
				9,058,129		8,870,636	$	2,220,675