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Income Taxes
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2017
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes
Income Taxes
Our effective tax rate from continuing operations was 39 percent in third quarter 2017 and 53 percent for first nine months 2017. Our effective tax rate from continuing operations for first nine months 2017 exceeded the statutory rate due to a change in our valuation allowance due to current year transaction costs (termination fee and other costs) associated with our Merger. In addition, our effective tax rate from continuing operations for first nine months 2017 exceeded the statutory rate due to goodwill impairment associated with our first quarter 2017 sale of owned mineral assets and a benefit from a valuation allowance decrease due to net decreases in our deferred tax assets.
Our effective tax rate from continuing operations was a tax benefit of 124 percent in third quarter 2016 and a tax expense of 18 percent for first nine months 2016. Our effective tax rate from continuing operations for first nine months 2016 of 18 percent differs from the statutory rate of 35 percent primarily due to a benefit from decrease in our valuation allowance related to decrease in our deferred tax assets. In addition, 2017 and 2016 effective tax rates from continuing operations include the effect of state income taxes, nondeductible items and benefits of percentage depletion.
At third quarter-end 2017 and year-end 2016, we have a valuation allowance for our deferred tax assets of $66,461,000 and $73,405,000 for the portion of the deferred tax assets that we have determined is more likely than not to be unrealizable under U.S. GAAP.
In determining our valuation allowance, we assessed available positive and negative evidence to estimate whether sufficient future taxable income will be generated to permit use of the existing deferred tax assets under U.S. GAAP. A significant piece of objective evidence evaluated was the cumulative loss incurred over the three-year period ended September 30, 2017, principally driven by impairments of oil and gas and real estate properties in prior years. Such evidence limits our ability to consider other subjective evidence, such as our projected future taxable income.
The amount of the deferred tax asset considered realizable could be adjusted if negative evidence in the form of cumulative losses is no longer present and additional weight is given to subjective evidence, such as our projected future taxable income.
Our unrecognized tax benefits totaled approximately $442,000 at third quarter-end 2017, all of which would affect our effective tax rate, if recognized.