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Fair Value Measurements and Investments (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2019
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis
Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
 
Fair Value Measurements at September 30
Using Inputs Considered as
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
 
(in millions)
Assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash equivalents and restricted cash equivalents:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Money market funds
$
6,494

 
$
6,252

 
 
 
 
U.S. government-sponsored debt securities
 
 
 
 
$
150

 
$
1,048

Investment securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Marketable equity securities
126

 
113

 
 
 
 
U.S. government-sponsored debt securities
 
 
 
 
5,592

 
5,008

U.S. Treasury securities
675

 
2,508

 
 
 
 
Other current and non-current assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivative instruments
 
 
 
 
437

 
78

Total
$
7,295

 
$
8,873

 
$
6,179

 
$
6,134

Liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accrued compensation and benefits:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Deferred compensation liability
$
113

 
$
96

 
 
 
 
Accrued and other liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivative instruments
 
 
 
 
$
52

 
$
22

Total
$
113

 
$
96

 
$
52

 
$
22
Schedule of Amortized Cost, Unrealized Gains and Losses, and Fair Value of Debt Securities The amortized cost, unrealized gains and losses and fair value of debt securities are as follows:
 
September 30, 2019
 
September 30, 2018
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Gross Unrealized
 
Fair
Value
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Gross Unrealized
 
Fair
Value
 
Gains
 
Losses
 
Gains
 
Losses
 
 
(in millions)
U.S. government-sponsored debt securities
$
5,590

 
$
4

 
$
(2
)
 
$
5,592

 
$
5,016

 
$
—

 
$
(8
)
 
$
5,008

U.S. Treasury securities
672

 
3

 
—

 
675

 
2,516

 
—

 
(8
)
 
2,508

Total
$
6,262

 
$
7

 
$
(2
)
 
$
6,267

 
$
7,532

 
$
—

 
$
(16
)
 
$
7,516

Less: current portion
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
(4,110
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
(3,434
)
Long-term debt securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
2,157

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
4,082
Debt Security Investments Classified by Contractual Maturity Date
 
 
Fair Value
 
 
(in millions)
September 30, 2019:
 
 
Due within one year
 
$
4,110

Due after 1 year through 5 years
 
2,157

Total
 
$
6,267
Schedule of Non-marketable Equity Securities
The following table summarizes the total carrying value of our non-marketable equity securities held as of September 30, 2019 including unrealized gains and losses since the adoption of ASU 2016-01:
 
For the Year Ended
 
September 30, 2019
 
(in millions)
Carrying amount, beginning of period
$
137

Adjustments related to non-marketable equity securities:
 
Net additions (reductions)(1)
475

Upward adjustments
110

Downward adjustments(2)
(4
)
Carrying amount, end of period
$
718

(1) 
Net reductions include transfers to marketable equity securities upon investments becoming a public company.
(2) 
There were no significant impairment charges of non-marketable equity securities during fiscal 2019, 2018 and 2017.
Investment Income
Investment income is recorded as non-operating income in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations and consisted of the following:
 
For the Years Ended
September 30,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2017
 
(in millions)
Interest and dividend income on cash and investments
$
247

 
$
173

 
$
92

Realized gains (losses), net on debt securities
1

 
—

 
(1
)
Equity securities:
 
 
 
 
 
Unrealized gains (losses), net
117

 
2

 
6

Realized gains (losses), net from donation
—

 
193

 
—

Realized gains (losses), net
18

 
102

 
8

Investment income
$
383

 
$
470

 
$
105