Summary of Significant Accounting Principles

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of certain assets and liabilities; the revenues and expenses reported by the periods covered by the accompanying consolidated financial statements; and certain amounts disclosed in these Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. Although these estimates and assumptions are based on management's assessment of the most recent information available, actual results could differ from those estimates and assumptions. Management continually evaluates its estimates, judgments and assumptions based on available information and past experience and makes adjustments accordingly. Please refer to Note 2 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial statements included in our 2014 Form 10-K for a discussion of other significant estimates and assumptions affecting our condensed consolidated financial statements which are not discussed below.

On an ongoing basis, the Company evaluates the significant accounting policies used to prepare its condensed consolidated financial statements, including, but not limited to, those related to:


•	Revenue recognition from construction contracts;


•	Allowance for doubtful accounts;


•	Testing of goodwill and other long-lived assets for possible impairment;


•	Income taxes;


•	Self-insurance; and


•	Stock based compensation.

Revenue Recognition

For financial statement purposes, the Company records revenue on construction contracts using the percentage-of-completion method, measured by the percentage of contract costs incurred to date to total estimated costs for each contract. This method is used because management considers comparing contract costs incurred against estimated contract costs to be the best available measure of progress on these contracts. Contract revenue is derived from the original contract price adjusted for agreed upon change orders. Contract costs include all direct costs, such as material and labor, and those indirect costs we incur that are related to contract performance such as payroll taxes and insurance. General and administrative costs are charged to expense as incurred. Pending claims are recognized as an increase in contract revenue only when the collection is deemed probable and if the amount can be reasonably estimated for purposes of calculating total profit or loss on long-term contracts. Incentive fees, if available, are billed to the customer based on the terms and conditions of the contract. The Company records revenue and the unbilled receivable for project claims to the extent of costs incurred and to the extent management believes related collection is probable and includes no profit on claims recorded. Changes in job performance, job conditions and estimated profitability, including those arising from final contract settlements, may result in revisions to costs and revenues and are recognized in the period in which the revisions are determined. Provisions for estimated losses on uncompleted contracts are made in the period in which such losses are determined, without regard to the percentage of completion. Revenue is recorded net of any sales taxes collected and paid on behalf of the customer, if applicable.

The current asset “costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings on uncompleted contracts” represents revenues recognized in excess of amounts billed, which management believes will be billed and collected within one year of the completion of the contract. The liability “billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings on uncompleted contracts” represents billings in excess of revenues recognized.

The Company’s projects are typically short in duration, and usually span a period of less than one year. Historically, the Company has not combined or segmented contracts.

Classification of Current Assets and Liabilities

The Company includes in current assets and liabilities amounts realizable and payable in the normal course of contract completion.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. At times, cash held by financial institutions may exceed federally insured limits. The Company has not historically sustained losses on its cash balances in excess of federally insured limits. Cash equivalents at September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014 consisted primarily of money market mutual funds and overnight bank deposits. Restricted cash represents a certificate of deposit.

Foreign Currencies

Historically, the Company’s exposure to foreign currency fluctuations has not been material and has been limited to temporary field accounts, located in countries where the Company performs work. Foreign currency fluctuations were immaterial in this reporting period.

Risk Concentrations

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk principally consist of cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable.

The Company depends on its ability to continue to obtain federal, state and local governmental contracts, and indirectly, on the amount of funding available to these agencies for new and current governmental projects. Therefore, a portion of the Company’s operations can be affected by the level and timing of government funding. Statutory mechanics liens provide the Company high priority in the event of lien foreclosures following financial difficulties of private owners, thus minimizing credit risk with private customers.

Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable are stated at the historical carrying value, less write-offs and allowances for doubtful accounts. The Company has significant investments in billed and unbilled receivables as of September 30, 2015. Billed receivables represent amounts billed upon the completion of small contracts and progress billings on large contracts in accordance with contract terms and milestone achievements. Unbilled receivables on fixed-price contracts, which are included in costs in excess of billings, arise as revenues are recognized under the percentage-of-completion method. Unbilled amounts on cost-reimbursement contracts represent recoverable costs and accrued profits not yet billed. Revenue associated with these billings is recorded net of any sales tax, if applicable. Past due balances over 90 days and other higher risk amounts are reviewed individually for collectability. In establishing an allowance for doubtful accounts, the Company evaluates its contract receivables and costs in excess of billings and thoroughly reviews historical collection experience, the financial condition of its customers, billing disputes and other factors. The Company writes off uncollectible accounts receivable against the allowance for doubtful accounts if it is determined that the amounts will not be collected or if a settlement is reached for an amount that is less than the carrying value. As of September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, the Company had recorded an allowance for doubtful accounts specifically related to the commercial concrete construction segment in the amount of $779,000 and $0, respectively.

Balances billed to customers but not paid pursuant to retainage provisions in construction contracts generally become payable upon contract completion and acceptance of the work by the owner. Retainage at September 30, 2015 totaled $32.5 million, of which $17.3 million is expected to be collected beyond September 30, 2016. Retainage at December 31, 2014 totaled $15.9 million.

The Company negotiates change orders and claims with its customers. Unsuccessful negotiations of claims could result in a change to contract revenue that is less than its carrying value, which could result in the recording of a loss. Successful claims negotiations could result in the recovery of previously recorded losses. Significant losses on receivables could adversely affect the Company’s financial position, results of operations and overall liquidity.

Advertising Costs

The Company primarily obtains contracts through the open bid process, and therefore advertising costs are not a significant component of expense. Advertising costs are expensed as incurred.

Environmental Costs

Costs related to environmental remediation are charged to expense. Other environmental costs are also charged to expense unless they increase the value of the property and/or provide future economic benefits, in which event the costs are capitalized. Environmental liabilities, if any, are recognized when the expenditure is considered probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated.

Fair Value Measurements

We evaluate and present certain amounts included in the accompanying consolidated financial statements at “fair value” in accordance with U.S. GAAP, which requires us to base our estimates on assumptions that market participants, in an orderly transaction, would use to price an asset or liability, and to establish a hierarchy that prioritizes the information used to determine fair value. In measuring fair value, we use the following inputs in the order of priority indicated:

Level I – Quoted prices in active markets for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities.

Level II – Observable inputs other than Level I prices, such as (i) quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; (ii) quoted prices in markets that have insufficient volume or infrequent transactions; and (iii) inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.

Level III – Unobservable inputs to the valuation methodology that are significant to the fair value measurement.

We generally apply fair value valuation techniques on a non-recurring basis associated with (1) valuing assets and liabilities acquired in connection with business combinations and other transactions; (2) valuing potential impairment loss related to long-lived assets; and (3) valuing potential impairment loss related to goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets.

Inventory

Inventory consists of parts and small equipment held for use in the ordinary course of business and is valued at the lower of cost (using historical average cost) or market. Where shipping and handling costs are incurred by us, these charges are included in inventory and charged to cost of contract revenue upon use. Our non-current inventory consists of spare parts (including engines, cutters and gears) that require special order or long-lead times for manufacture or fabrication, but must be kept on hand to reduce downtime on a project.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are recorded at cost. Ordinary maintenance and repairs that do not improve or extend the useful life of the asset are expensed as incurred. Major renewals and betterments of equipment are capitalized and depreciated generally over three to seven years until the next scheduled maintenance.

When property and equipment are retired or otherwise disposed of, the cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and any resulting gain or loss is included in results of operations for the respective period. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets for financial statement purposes, as follows:



Automobiles and trucks	3 to 5 years
Buildings and improvements	5 to 30 years
Construction equipment	3 to 15 years
Vessels and dredges	1 to 15 years
Office equipment	1 to 5 years

The Company generally uses accelerated depreciation methods for tax purposes where appropriate.

Dry-docking costs are capitalized and amortized on the straight-line method over a period ranging from three to 15 years. Dry-docking activities include, but are not limited to, the inspection, refurbishment and replacement of steel, engine components, tailshafts, mooring equipment and other parts of the vessel. Amortization related to dry-docking activities is included as a component of depreciation. These activities and the related amortization periods are periodically reviewed to determine if the estimates are accurate. If warranted, a significant upgrade of equipment may result in a revision to the useful life of the asset, in which case the change is accounted for prospectively.

Property and equipment are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized in the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset. Assets to be disposed of are separately presented in the balance sheets and reported at the lower of the carrying amount or the fair value, less the costs to sell, and are no longer depreciated. Assets held for sale at September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014 are expected to be disposed of within one year.

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

Goodwill

The Company has acquired businesses and assets in purchase transactions that resulted in the recognition of goodwill. Goodwill represents the costs in excess of fair values assigned to the underlying net assets in the acquisition. In accordance with U.S. GAAP, acquired goodwill is not amortized, but is subject to impairment testing at least annually or more frequently if events or circumstances indicate that the asset more likely than not may be impaired. We determined that our operations comprise two reporting units for goodwill impairment testing, which matches our two operating segments for financial reporting.

Intangible Assets

Intangible assets that have finite lives are amortized. In addition, the Company evaluates the remaining useful life of intangible assets in each reporting period to determine whether events and circumstances warrant a revision of the remaining period of amortization. If the estimate of an intangible asset’s remaining life is changed, the remaining carrying value of such asset is amortized prospectively over that revised remaining useful life. Intangible assets that have indefinite lives are not amortized, but are subject to impairment testing at least annually or more frequently if events or circumstances indicate that the asset more likely than not may be impaired.

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company recognizes compensation expense for equity awards over the vesting period based on the fair value of these awards at the date of grant. The computed fair value of these awards is recognized as a non-cash cost over the period the employee provides services, which is typically the vesting period of the award. The fair value of options granted is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The fair value of restricted stock grants is equivalent to the fair value of the stock issued on the date of grant, and is measured as the mean price of the stock on the date of grant.

Compensation expense is recognized only for share-based payments expected to vest. The Company estimates forfeitures at the date of grant based on historical experience and future expectations.

Income Taxes

The Company determines its consolidated income tax provision using the asset and liability method prescribed by U.S. GAAP, which requires the recognition of income tax expense for the amount of taxes payable or refundable for the current period and for deferred tax liabilities and assets for the future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in an entity’s financial statements or tax returns. The Company must make significant assumptions, judgments and estimates to determine its current provision for income taxes, its deferred tax assets and liabilities, and any valuation allowance to be recorded against any deferred tax asset. The current provision for income tax is based upon the current tax laws and the Company’s interpretation of these laws, as well as the probable outcomes of any tax audits. The value of any net deferred tax asset depends upon estimates of the amount and category of future taxable income reduced by the amount of any tax benefits that the Company does not expect to realize. Actual operating results and the underlying amount and category of income in future years could render current assumptions, judgments and estimates of recoverable net deferred taxes inaccurate, thus impacting the Company’s financial position and results of operations. The Company computes deferred income taxes using the liability method. Under the liability method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. Under the liability method, the effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.

The Company accounts for uncertain tax positions in accordance with the provisions of ASC 740-10 which prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for financial statement disclosure of tax positions taken, or expected to be taken, on its consolidated tax return. The Company evaluates and records any uncertain tax positions based on the amount that management deems is more likely than not to be sustained upon examination and ultimate settlement with the tax authorities in the tax jurisdictions in which it operates.

Insurance Coverage

The Company maintains insurance coverage for its business and operations. Insurance related to property, equipment, automobile, general liability, and a portion of workers' compensation is provided through traditional policies, subject to a deductible or deductibles. A portion of the Company's workers’ compensation exposure is covered through a mutual association, which is subject to supplemental calls.

The heavy civil marine construction segment maintains three levels of excess loss insurance coverage, totaling $150 million in excess of primary coverage. This excess loss coverage responds to most of its liability policies when a primary limit of $1 million has been exhausted; provided that the primary limit for Contingent Maritime Employer’s Liability is $10 million and the Watercraft Pollution Policy primary limit is $5 million. The commercial concrete segment maintains three levels of excess loss insurance coverage, totaling $25 million in excess of primary coverage. This excess loss coverage responds to most of its liability policies when a primary limit of $1 million has been exhausted.

Separately, the Company’s heavy civil marine construction segment employee health care is provided through a trust, administered by a third party. Funding of the trust is based on current claims. The administrator has purchased appropriate stop-loss coverage. Losses on these policies up to the deductible amounts are accrued based upon known claims incurred and an estimate of claims incurred but not reported. The accruals are derived from known facts, historical trends and industry averages to determine the best estimate of the ultimate expected loss. Actual claims may vary from estimates. Any adjustments to such reserves are included in the consolidated results of operations in the period in which they become known. The Company's commercial concrete construction segment employee health care is provided through two policies. A fully funded policy is offered primarily to salaried employees and their dependents while a partially self-funded plan with an appropriate stop-loss is offered primarily to hourly employees and their dependents. The self-funded plan is funded to the maximum exposure and, as a result, expects to receive a partial refund after the policy expiration.

The accrued liability for self insurance includes incurred but not reported claims of $7.7 million and $7.5 million at September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

The FASB issues accounting standards and updates (each, an "ASU") from time to time to its Accounting Standards Codification, which is the primary source of U.S. GAAP. The Company regularly monitors ASUs as they are issued and considers applicability to its business. All ASUs are adopted by their respective due dates and in the manner prescribed by the FASB. The following are those recently issued ASUs most likely to affect the presentation of the Company's condensed consolidated financial statements:

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. This comprehensive new revenue recognition standard will supersede existing revenue guidance under U.S. GAAP. The standard’s core principle is that a company will recognize revenue when it transfers promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. In doing so, companies will need to use more judgment and make more estimates, including identifying performance obligations in the contract, estimating the amount of variable consideration to include in the transaction price and allocating the transaction price to each separate performance obligation. The effective date for this guidance was recently extended and is effective for the Company beginning January 1, 2018. The Company is currently evaluating the impact to the Company’s financial statements.

In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-03, Interest - Imputation of Interest, Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs. The Board issued this Update as part of its initiative to reduce complexity in accounting standards. To simplify presentation of debt issuance costs, the amendments in this Update require that debt issuance costs related to a recognized debt liability be presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of that debt liability, consistent with debt discounts. The recognition and measurement guidance for debt issuance costs are not affected by the amendments in this Update. The guidance is effective for the Company beginning January 1, 2016. The Company is currently evaluating the impact to the Company's financial statements.

In July 2015, the FASB issued ASU2015-11, Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory. The Board issued this Update as part of its initiative to reduce complexity in accounting standards. The provisions of this guidance are that an entity should measure inventory at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Net realizable value is the estimated selling prices in the ordinary course of business, less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal and transportation. Subsequent measurement is unchanged for inventory measured using last-in-first-out or the retail inventory method. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company does not expect this guidance to impact the financial statements.