10-Q 1 cdw-2018630x10q.htm 10-Q Document

 

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
ý
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2018
or
¨
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from                     to                    

Commission File Number 001-35985
CDW CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) 
Delaware
 
26-0273989
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
 
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
 
 
75 Tri-State International
Lincolnshire, Illinois
 
60069
(Address of principal executive offices)
 
(Zip Code)
(847) 465-6000
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)
None
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    ý  Yes    ¨  No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    ý  Yes    ¨  No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act (Check one):
 
Large accelerated filer
 
ý
  
Accelerated filer
 
¨
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Non-accelerated filer
 
¨  (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
  
Smaller reporting company
 
¨
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Emerging growth company
 
¨
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.
 
¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).     ¨  Yes    ý  No
As of July 30, 2018, there were 151,364,496 shares of common stock, $0.01 par value, outstanding.
 

1

CDW CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
FORM 10-Q

TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
 
 
Page
PART I
FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 
Item 1.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 2.
Item 3.
Item 4.
PART II
OTHER INFORMATION
 
Item 1.
Item 1A.  
Item 2.
Item 3.
Item 4.
Item 5.
Item 6.
SIGNATURES

2

PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements
CDW CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in millions, except per share amounts)
 
June 30, 2018
 
December 31, 2017
Assets
(unaudited)
 
(as adjusted)
Current assets:
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$
100.7

 
$
144.2

Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $7.1 and $6.2, respectively
2,612.2

 
2,329.3

Merchandise inventory
576.9

 
411.5

Miscellaneous receivables
373.8

 
343.0

Prepaid expenses and other
181.1

 
168.3

Total current assets
3,844.7

 
3,396.3

Property and equipment, net
150.3

 
161.1

Goodwill
2,472.5

 
2,479.6

Other intangible assets, net
802.3

 
897.0

Other assets
60.3

 
32.7

Total Assets
$
7,330.1

 
$
6,966.7

Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
 
 
 
Current liabilities:
 
 
 
Accounts payable-trade
$
1,693.6

 
$
1,317.7

Accounts payable-inventory financing
387.6

 
498.0

Current maturities of long-term debt
38.6

 
25.5

Contract liabilities
169.9

 
158.8

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities:
 
 

Compensation
138.4

 
129.5

Interest
21.9

 
21.6

Sales taxes
38.3

 
43.8

Advertising
96.8

 
89.2

Income taxes
22.1

 
16.2

Other
212.8

 
221.8

Total current liabilities
2,820.0

 
2,522.1

Long-term liabilities:
 
 
 
Debt
3,201.7

 
3,210.0

Deferred income taxes
172.9

 
196.3

Other liabilities
66.6

 
52.7

Total long-term liabilities
3,441.2

 
3,459.0

Stockholders' equity:
 
 
 
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value, 100.0 shares authorized, no shares issued or outstanding for both periods
—

 
—

Common stock, $0.01 par value, 1,000.0 shares authorized; 151.5 and 153.1 shares issued, respectively
1.5

 
1.5

Less: treasury stock, $0.01 par value, 0.0 and 0.1 shares held, respectively
—

 
—

Outstanding common stock, $0.01 par value, 151.5 and 153.0 shares outstanding, respectively
1.5

 
1.5

Paid-in capital
2,953.3

 
2,911.6

Accumulated deficit
(1,780.8
)
 
(1,831.6
)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
(105.1
)
 
(95.9
)
Total stockholders' equity
1,068.9

 
985.6

Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
$
7,330.1

 
$
6,966.7


The accompanying notes are an integral part of the Consolidated Financial Statements.

3

CDW CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(in millions, except per share amounts)
 
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
 
2018
 
2017
 
2018
 
2017
 
 
(unaudited)
 
(as adjusted)
 
(unaudited)
 
(as adjusted)
Net sales
 
$
4,186.1

 
$
3,891.7

 
$
7,792.5

 
$
7,147.6

Cost of sales
 
3,490.5

 
3,250.9

 
6,493.0

 
5,953.3

Gross profit
 
695.6

 
640.8

 
1,299.5

 
1,194.3

Selling and administrative expenses
 
381.4

 
363.5

 
744.1

 
710.9

Advertising expense
 
48.7

 
46.5

 
85.8

 
81.9

Income from operations
 
265.5

 
230.8

 
469.6

 
401.5

Interest expense, net
 
(37.2
)
 
(35.9
)
 
(74.9
)
 
(75.6
)
Net loss on extinguishments of long-term debt
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(57.4
)
Other income, net
 
1.5

 
0.4

 
0.8

 
1.3

Income before income taxes
 
229.8

 
195.3

 
395.5

 
269.8

Income tax expense
 
(56.8
)
 
(54.4
)
 
(95.5
)
 
(70.8
)
Net income
 
$
173.0

 
$
140.9

 
$
300.0

 
$
199.0

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income per common share:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
 
$
1.14

 
$
0.90

 
$
1.98

 
$
1.26

Diluted
 
$
1.12

 
$
0.89

 
$
1.94

 
$
1.24

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted-average common shares outstanding:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
 
151.6

 
156.0

 
151.9

 
157.7

Diluted
 
153.9

 
159.0

 
154.4

 
160.9

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash dividends declared per common share
 
$
0.2100

 
$
0.1600

 
$
0.4200

 
$
0.3200


The accompanying notes are an integral part of the Consolidated Financial Statements.

4

CDW CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(in millions)
 
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
 
2018
 
2017
 
2018
 
2017
 
 
(unaudited)
 
(as adjusted)
 
(unaudited)
 
(as adjusted)
Net income
 
$
173.0

 
$
140.9

 
$
300.0

 
$
199.0

Foreign currency translation, net(1)
 
(28.9
)
 
19.0

 
(14.7
)
 
25.5

Unrealized gain (loss) from hedge accounting, net(2)
 
2.3

 
(1.2
)
 
5.5

 
(1.6
)
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net
 
(26.6
)
 
17.8

 
(9.2
)
 
23.9

Comprehensive income
 
$
146.4

 
$
158.7

 
$
290.8

 
$
222.9

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the Consolidated Financial Statements.
(1)
Net of tax benefit of $0.1 million for both the three months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, and net of tax benefit of $0.2 million and $0.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.
(2)
Net of tax expense of $0.7 million and a tax benefit of $0.8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and net of tax expense of $1.8 million and a tax benefit of $1.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.


5

CDW CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
(in millions)
(unaudited)
 
 
Preferred Stock
 
Common Stock
 
Treasury Stock
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Shares
 
Amount
 
Shares
 
Amount
 
Shares
 
Amount
 
Paid-in
Capital
 
Accumulated
Deficit
 
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive Loss
 
Total
Stockholders' Equity
Balance as of
December 31, 2017 (as reported)
 
—

 
$
—

 
153.1

 
$
1.5

 
0.1

 
$
—

 
$
2,911.6

 
$
(1,834.3
)
 
$
(95.9
)
 
$
982.9

Cumulative adjustment
upon adoption of ASC 606
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
2.7

 
—

 
2.7

Balance as of
December 31, 2017 (as adjusted)
 
—

 
—

 
153.1

 
1.5

 
0.1

 
—

 
2,911.6

 
(1,831.6
)
 
(95.9
)
 
985.6

Net income
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
300.0

 
—

 
300.0

Equity-based compensation expense
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
16.1

 
—

 
—

 
16.1

Stock option exercises
 
—

 
—

 
0.7

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
19.9

 
—

 
—

 
19.9

Coworker Stock Purchase Plan
 
—

 
—

 
0.1

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
5.4

 
—

 
—

 
5.4

Repurchases of common stock
 
—

 
—

 
(2.4
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(176.4
)
 
—

 
(176.4
)
Dividends paid
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
0.3

 
(64.1
)
 
—

 
(63.8
)
Incentive compensation plan stock withheld for taxes
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(0.1
)
 
—

 
—

 
(8.7
)
 
—

 
(8.7
)
Foreign currency translation
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(14.7
)
 
(14.7
)
Unrealized gain from hedge accounting
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
5.5

 
5.5

Balance as of
June 30, 2018
 
—

 
$
—

 
151.5

 
$
1.5

 
—

 
$
—

 
$
2,953.3

 
$
(1,780.8
)
 
$
(105.1
)
 
$
1,068.9

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the Consolidated Financial Statements.


6

CDW CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in millions)
 
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
 
2018
 
2017
Cash flows from operating activities:
 
(unaudited)
 
(as adjusted)
Net income
 
$
300.0

 
$
199.0

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
 
 
 
 
Depreciation and amortization
 
132.9

 
129.5

Equity-based compensation expense
 
19.1

 
23.6

Deferred income taxes
 
(28.1
)
 
(40.3
)
Net loss on extinguishments of long-term debt
 
—

 
57.4

Other
 
5.1

 
3.2

Changes in assets and liabilities:
 
 
 
 
Accounts receivable
 
(295.2
)
 
(156.0
)
Merchandise inventory
 
(167.7
)
 
(52.5
)
Other assets
 
(62.2
)
 
(125.6
)
Accounts payable-trade
 
386.8

 
311.8

Other liabilities
 
41.6

 
26.1

Net cash provided by operating activities
 
332.3

 
376.2

Cash flows used in investing activities:
 
 
 
 
Capital expenditures
 
(33.6
)
 
(36.8
)
Net cash used in investing activities
 
(33.6
)
 
(36.8
)
Cash flows used in financing activities:
 
 
 
 
Proceeds from borrowings under revolving credit facilities
 
488.1

 
67.7

Repayments of borrowings under revolving credit facilities
 
(474.4
)
 
(13.7
)
Repayments of long-term debt
 
(7.5
)
 
(7.5
)
Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt
 
—

 
2,083.0

Payments to extinguish long-term debt
 
—

 
(2,121.3
)
Payments of debt financing fees
 
(1.0
)
 
(9.6
)
Net change in accounts payable-inventory financing
 
(110.4
)
 
(85.1
)
Premium payments on interest rate cap agreements
 
(12.6
)
 
—

Proceeds from stock option exercises
 
19.9

 
7.4

Proceeds from Coworker Stock Purchase Plan
 
5.4

 
4.7

Repurchases of common stock
 
(176.4
)
 
(359.4
)
Payment of incentive compensation plan withholding taxes

 
(8.7
)
 
(42.0
)
Dividends
 
(63.8
)
 
(50.3
)
Other
 
3.2

 
(0.6
)
Net cash used in financing activities
 
(338.2
)
 
(526.7
)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents
 
(4.0
)
 
2.6

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents
 
(43.5
)
 
(184.7
)
Cash and cash equivalents—beginning of period
 
144.2

 
263.7

Cash and cash equivalents—end of period
 
$
100.7

 
$
79.0

Supplementary disclosure of cash flow information:
 
 
 
 
Interest paid
 
$
(74.5
)
 
$
(76.8
)
Taxes paid, net
 
$
(118.4
)
 
$
(96.5
)
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the Consolidated Financial Statements.

7
CDW CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


1.
Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Description of Business
CDW Corporation ("Parent") is a Fortune 500 company with multi-national capabilities and a leading provider of integrated information technology ("IT") solutions to small, medium and large business, government, education and healthcare customers in the United States ("US"), the United Kingdom ("UK") and Canada. The Company's offerings range from discrete hardware and software products to integrated IT solutions such as mobility, security, data center optimization, cloud computing, virtualization and collaboration.
Throughout this report, the terms the "Company" and "CDW" refer to Parent and its 100% owned subsidiaries.
Parent has two 100% owned subsidiaries, CDW LLC and CDW Finance Corporation. CDW LLC is an Illinois limited liability company that, together with its 100% owned subsidiaries, holds all material assets and conducts all business activities and operations of the Company. CDW Finance Corporation is a Delaware corporation formed for the sole purpose of acting as co-issuer of certain debt obligations as described in Note 13 (Supplemental Guarantor Information) and does not hold any material assets or engage in any business activities or operations.
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited interim Consolidated Financial Statements as of June 30, 2018 and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 (the "Consolidated Financial Statements") have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP") and the rules and regulations of the US Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") for interim financial statements. Accordingly, certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC. These Consolidated Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the audited Consolidated Financial Statements and the notes thereto included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 (the "December 31, 2017 Consolidated Financial Statements"). The significant accounting policies used in preparing these Consolidated Financial Statements were applied on a basis consistent with those reflected in the December 31, 2017 Consolidated Financial Statements except for changes from the adoption of Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, as amended ("Topic 606"), as discussed below. In the opinion of management, the Consolidated Financial Statements contain all adjustments (consisting of a normal, recurring nature) necessary to present fairly the Company's financial position, results of operations, comprehensive income, cash flows and changes in stockholders' equity as of the dates and for the periods indicated. The unaudited results of operations for such interim periods reported are not necessarily indicative of results for the full year.
Effective January 1, 2018, the Company adopted the requirements of Topic 606 utilizing the full retrospective method as discussed in Note 2 (Recent Accounting Pronouncements). Prior period amounts have been adjusted accordingly.
Principles of Consolidation
The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of Parent and its 100% owned subsidiaries. All intercompany transactions and accounts are eliminated in consolidation.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of the Consolidated Financial Statements in accordance with GAAP requires management to make use of certain estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the Consolidated Financial Statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reported periods. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that management believes are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

8
CDW CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements contained in the December 31, 2017 Consolidated Financial Statements include a discussion of the significant accounting policies and estimates used in the preparation of the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements. Except as noted above for the adoption of Topic 606, there have been no material changes to the Company's significant accounting policies and estimates during the six months ended June 30, 2018.
Revenue Recognition

The Company is a primary distribution channel for a large group of vendors and suppliers, including original equipment manufacturers ("OEMs"), software publishers and wholesale distributors.

The Company accounts for a contract when it has approval and commitment from both parties, the rights of the parties are identified, payment terms are established, the contract has commercial substance and collectability of consideration is probable. The Company evaluates the following indicators amongst others when determining whether it is acting as a principal in the transaction and recording revenue on a gross basis: (i) the Company is primarily responsible for fulfilling the promise to provide the specified goods or service, (ii) the Company has inventory risk before the specified good or service has been transferred to a customer or after transfer of control to the customer and (iii) the Company has discretion in establishing the price for the specified good or service. If the terms of a transaction do not indicate the Company is acting as a principal in the transaction, then the Company is acting as an agent in the transaction and the associated revenues are recognized on a net basis.

The Company recognizes revenue once control has passed to the customer. The following indicators are evaluated in determining when control has passed to the customer: (i) the Company has a right to payment for the product or service, (ii) the customer has legal title to the product, (iii) the Company has transferred physical possession of the product to the customer, (iv) the customer has the significant risk and rewards of ownership of the product and (v) the customer has accepted the product. The Company's products can be delivered to customers in a variety of ways, including (i) as physical product shipped from the Company's warehouse, (ii) via drop-shipment by the vendor or supplier or (iii) via electronic delivery of keys for software licenses. The Company’s shipping terms typically specify F.O.B. destination.

The Company leverages drop-shipment arrangements with many of its vendors and suppliers to deliver products to its customers without having to physically hold the inventory at its warehouses. The Company is the principal in the transaction and recognizes revenue for drop-shipment arrangements on a gross basis.

Revenue Recognition for Hardware
Revenues from sales of hardware products are recognized on a gross basis as the Company is acting as a principal in these transactions, with the selling price to the customer recorded as Net sales and the acquisition cost of the product recorded as Cost of sales. The Company recognizes revenue from these transactions when control has passed to the customer, which is usually upon delivery of the product to the customer.
In some instances, the customer agrees to buy the product from the Company but requests delivery at a later date, commonly known as bill-and-hold arrangements. For these transactions, the Company deems that control passes to the customer when the product is ready for delivery. The Company views products ready for delivery when the customer has a signed agreement, significant risk and rewards for the products, the ability to direct the assets, the products have been set aside specifically for the customer, cannot be redirected to another customer and for customer orders that include configuration services, when such services have been completed.

The Company's vendor partners warrant most of the products the Company sells. These manufacturer warranties are assurance-type warranties and are not considered separate performance obligations. The warranties are not sold separately and only provide assurance that products will conform with the manufacturer's specifications. In some transactions, a third-party will provide the customer with an extended warranty. These extended warranties are sold separately and provide the customer with a service in addition to assurance that the product will function as expected. The Company considers these service-type warranties to be separate performance obligations from the underlying product. For service-type warranties, the Company is arranging for those services to be provided by the third-party and therefore is acting as an agent in the transaction and records revenue on a net basis at the point of sale.


9
CDW CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Revenue Recognition for Software
Revenues from most software license sales are recognized as a single performance obligation on a gross basis as the Company is acting as a principal in these transactions at the point the software license is delivered to the customer. Generally, software licenses are sold with accompanying third-party delivered software assurance, which is a product that allows customers to upgrade, at no additional cost, to the latest technology if new capabilities are introduced during the period that the software assurance is in effect. The Company evaluates whether the software assurance is a separate performance obligation by assessing if the third-party delivered software assurance is critical or essential to the core functionality of the software itself. This involves considering if the software provides its original intended functionality to the customer without the updates, if the customer would ascribe a higher value to the upgrades versus the up-front deliverable, if the customer would expect frequent intelligence updates to the software (such as updates that maintain the original functionality), and if the customer chooses to not delay or always install upgrades. If the Company determines that the accompanying third-party delivered software assurance is critical or essential to the core functionality of the software license, the software license and the accompanying third-party delivered software assurance are recognized as a single performance obligation. The value of the product is primarily the accompanying support delivered by a third-party and therefore the Company is acting as an agent in these transactions and recognizes them on a net basis at the point the associated software license is delivered to the customer. For software licenses where the accompanying third-party delivered software assurance is not critical or essential to the core functionality, the software assurance is recognized as a separate performance obligation, with the associated revenue recognized on a net basis at the point the related software license is delivered to the customer. For additional details regarding the accounting for bundled arrangements, see "Revenue Recognition for Bundled Arrangements" below.
Revenue Recognition for Services
The Company provides professional services, which include project managers and consultants recommending, designing and implementing IT solutions. Revenue from professional services is recognized either on a time and materials basis or recognized proportionally as costs are incurred for fixed fee project work. For time and materials projects, revenue is recognized on a gross basis each month as work is performed and the Company transfers those services.
The Company sells cloud computing solutions, which include Software as a Service ("SaaS") and Infrastructure as a Service ("IaaS"). SaaS solutions utilize third-party partners to offer the Company's customers access to software in the cloud that enhances office productivity, provides security or assists in collaboration. IaaS solutions utilize third-party partners to enable customers to access data center functionality in a cloud-based solution, including storage, computing and networking. The Company recognizes revenue for cloud computing solutions for arrangements with one-time invoicing to the customer at the time of invoice on a net basis as the Company is acting as an agent in the transaction. For monthly subscription-based arrangements, the Company is acting as an agent in the transaction and recognizes revenue as it invoices the customer for its monthly usage on a net basis.

Revenues from the sale of data center services, such as managed and remote managed services, server co-location, internet connectivity and data backup and storage provided by the Company, are recognized over the period the service is provided. Most hosting and managed service obligations are based on the quantity and pricing parameters established in the agreement. As the customer receives the benefit of the service each month, the Company recognizes the respective revenue on a gross basis as the Company is acting as a principal in the transaction. Additionally, the Company's managed services team provides project support to customers that are billed on a fixed fee basis. The Company is acting as the principal in the transaction and recognizes revenue on a gross basis based on the total number of hours incurred for the period over the total expected hours for the project. Total expected hours to complete the project is updated for each period and best represents the transfer of control of the service to the customer.

The Company's customers are offered the opportunity by certain of its vendors to purchase software licenses and software assurance under enterprise agreements ("EAs"), referred to as services in this paragraph. For most EA transactions, the Company's obligation to the customer is that of a distributor or sales agent of the services, where all obligations for providing the services to customers are passed to the Company's vendors. The Company's performance obligations are satisfied at the time of the sale. In other EA transactions, the Company is responsible for fulfilling the promised services to the customer and providing remedy or refund for work if the customer is not satisfied with the delivered services, has inventory risk in the arrangement and has full control to set the price for the customer. This results in the Company acting as a principal in the agreement. With most EAs, the Company's vendors will transfer the license and invoice the customer

10
CDW CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

directly, paying resellers an agency fee or commission on these sales. The Company records these fees as a component of Net sales as earned and there is no corresponding Cost of sales amount.

Revenue Recognition for Bundled Arrangements
The Company also sells some of its products and services as part of bundled contract arrangements containing multiple deliverables, which may include a combination of products and services. For each deliverable that represents a distinct performance obligation, total arrangement consideration is allocated based upon the standalone selling prices of each performance obligation. The Company excludes amounts collected on behalf of third-parties, such as sales taxes, when determining the transaction price. For certain performance obligations, the Company will use a combination of methods to estimate the standalone selling price. When evidence from recent transactions is not available to confirm that the prices are representative of the standalone selling price, an expected cost plus a margin approach is used.
Sales In-Transit
The Company performs an analysis of the estimated number of days of sales in-transit to customers at the end of each reporting period based on a weighted-average analysis of commercial delivery terms that include drop-shipment arrangements. This analysis is the basis upon which the Company estimates the amount of Net sales in-transit at the end of the period and adjusts revenue and the related costs to reflect only what has been delivered to the customer. Changes in delivery patterns may result in a different number of business days estimated to make this adjustment.
Freight Costs
The Company records freight billed to its customers as Net sales and the related freight costs as a Cost of sales when the underlying product revenue is recognized. For freight not billed to its customers, the Company records the freight costs as a Cost of sales. The Company's typical shipping terms are F.O.B. destination, which results in shipping being performed before the customer obtains control of the product. The Company considers shipping to be a fulfillment activity and not a separate performance obligation.
Other
The nature of the Company's contracts give rise to variable consideration in the form of sales returns and allowances. The Company estimates variable consideration at the most likely amount to which it is expected to be entitled. This estimated amount is included in the transaction price to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is resolved. The estimates of variable consideration and determination of whether to include estimated amounts in the transaction price are based on an assessment of the Company's anticipated performance and all information that is reasonably available. At the time of sale, the Company records an estimate for sales returns and allowances and an associated right of return asset based on historical experience.
When a contract results in revenue being recognized in excess of the amount the Company has the right to invoice to the customer, a contract asset is recorded on the balance sheet. Contract assets are comprised primarily of professional services with fixed fee arrangements.
Contract liabilities consist of payments received from customers, or such consideration that is contractually due, in advance of providing the product or performing services. Contract liabilities are comprised primarily of professional services with fixed fee arrangements, bill-and-hold transactions where control has not passed to the customer and certain governmental contracts.

Trade accounts receivable are recorded at the point of sale (or in accordance with the Statement of Work for services) for the total amount payable by the customer to the Company for sale of goods. Taxes to be collected from the customer as part of the sale are included in Accounts receivable.

Any incremental direct costs of obtaining a contract, primarily sales commissions, are deferred on the Consolidated Balance Sheets and amortized over the period of contract performance.
 
The Company typically does not enter into long-term contracts. The Company has elected to use the practical expedient for its performance obligations table to show only those contracts that are longer than 12 months at the time of contract inception and those contracts that are non-cancelable. Additionally, for certain governmental contracts where there are

11
CDW CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

annual renewals, the Company has excluded these contracts since there is only a one-year legal obligation. Typically, the only contracts that are longer than 12 months in duration are related to the Company's professional and managed services business.
The Company requests payments for its products and services at the point of sale. The Company generally does not enter into any long-term financing arrangements or payment plans with customers or contracts with customers that have non-cash consideration.
2.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Accounting for Hedging Activities
In August 2017, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the "FASB") issued ASU 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815), intending to improve the transparency of information included in the financial statements by aligning cash flow and fair value hedge accounting with its risk management activities. The ASU eliminates the requirement to separately measure and report hedge ineffectiveness for cash flow hedges and net investment hedges, and generally requires the entire change in the fair value of a hedging instrument to be presented in the same income statement line as the hedged item. The ASU also simplifies certain documentation and assessment requirements, and will incorporate new disclosure requirements and amendments to existing disclosures. This ASU is effective for the Company beginning the first quarter of 2019 and allows for early adoption. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the ASU will have on its Consolidated Financial Statements.
Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. This ASU introduces a new forward-looking approach, based on expected losses, to estimate credit losses on certain types of financial instruments, including trade receivables. The estimate of expected credit losses will require considerations of historical information, current information and reasonable and supportable forecasts. This ASU also expands the disclosure requirements to enable users of financial statements to understand the assumptions, models and methods for estimating expected credit losses. This ASU is effective for the Company beginning in the first quarter of 2020 and allows for early adoption beginning in the first quarter of 2019. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the ASU will have on its Consolidated Financial Statements.
Accounting for Leases
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), requiring lessees to recognize assets and liabilities on the balance sheet for the rights and obligations created by long-term leases and to disclose additional quantitative and qualitative information about leasing arrangements. This ASU is effective for the Company beginning in the first quarter of 2019 and allows for early adoption. A modified retrospective transition approach is required for leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements.
The Company has established a cross-functional implementation team to analyze the effect of the ASU. The Company is utilizing a combination of a bottom-up and top-down approach to identify and analyze its lease portfolio. The Company is in the process of evaluating its identified leases. In addition, the Company is evaluating business processes and internal controls to meet the ASU’s accounting, reporting and disclosure requirements. Although the Company is currently evaluating the provisions of the ASU to determine how it will be affected, the primary impact to the Company of the new ASU will be to record assets and liabilities for current operating leases, which are principally related to the Company's real estate portfolio.
Revenue Recognition
On January 1, 2018, the Company adopted Topic 606 and utilized the full retrospective method. For additional details, see Note 1 (Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies).    

12
CDW CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The adoption of Topic 606 impacted the Company's results as follows:
 
 
Three Months Ended June 30, 2017(1)
 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2017(1)
(in millions)
(except per share amounts)
 
As Reported
 
New Revenue Standard Adjustment
 
As Adjusted
 
As Reported
 
New Revenue Standard Adjustment
 
As Adjusted
Net sales
 
$
3,994.4

 
$
(102.7
)
 
$
3,891.7

 
$
7,319.1

 
$
(171.5
)
 
$
7,147.6

Gross profit
 
641.1

 
(0.3
)
 
640.8

 
1,193.6

 
0.7

 
1,194.3

Gross profit margin
 
16.1
%
 
40 bps

 
16.5
%
 
16.3
%
 
40 bps

 
16.7
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income from operations
 
231.1

 
(0.3
)
 
230.8

 
400.9

 
0.6

 
401.5

Income tax expense
 
(54.5
)
 
0.1

 
(54.4
)
 
(70.5
)
 
(0.3
)
 
(70.8
)
Net income
 
$
141.0

 
$
(0.1
)
 
$
140.9

 
$
198.7

 
$
0.3

 
$
199.0

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income per common share
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
 
$
0.90

 
$
—

 
$
0.90

 
$
1.26

 
$
—

 
$
1.26

Diluted
 
$
0.89

 
$
—

 
$
0.89

 
$
1.23

 
$
0.01

 
$
1.24

(1)
Amounts may not foot or cross-foot due to rounding.
The adoption of Topic 606 impacted the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheet as follows:
 
 
December 31, 2017(1)
(in millions)
 
As Reported
 
New Revenue Standard Adjustment
 
As Adjusted
Accounts receivable
 
$
2,320.5

 
$
8.8

 
$
2,329.3

Merchandise inventory
 
449.5

 
(38.0
)
 
411.5

Miscellaneous receivables
 
336.5

 
6.5

 
343.0

Prepaid expenses and other
 
127.4

 
40.9

 
168.3

Total current assets
 
3,378.1

 
18.2

 
3,396.3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other assets
 
40.8

 
(8.1
)
 
32.7

Total assets
 
6,956.6

 
10.1

 
6,966.7

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Contract liabilities
 
194.0

 
(35.2
)
 
158.8

Income tax payable
 
15.1

 
1.1

 
16.2

Other accrued expenses
 
180.2

 
41.6

 
221.8

Total current liabilities
 
2,514.6

 
7.5

 
2,522.1

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total liabilities
 
5,973.7

 
7.5

 
5,981.1

Total stockholders’ equity
 
$
982.9

 
$
2.7

 
$
985.6

(1)
Amounts may not foot or cross-foot due to rounding.
3.    Inventory Financing Agreements
The Company has entered into agreements with certain financial intermediaries to facilitate the purchase of inventory from various suppliers under certain terms and conditions, as described below. These amounts are classified separately as Accounts payable-inventory financing on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company does not incur any interest expense associated with these agreements as balances are paid when they are due.

13
CDW CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Amounts included in Accounts payable-inventory financing are as follows:
(in millions)
 
June 30, 2018
 
December 31, 2017
Revolving Loan inventory financing agreement(1)
 
$
380.0

 
$
480.9

Other inventory financing agreements
 
7.6

 
17.1

Accounts payable-inventory financing
 
$
387.6

 
$
498.0

(1)
The Senior Secured Asset-Based Revolving Credit Facility includes an inventory floorplan sub-facility that enables the Company to maintain an inventory financing agreement with a financial intermediary to facilitate the purchase of inventory from certain vendors on more favorable terms than offered directly by the vendors.
4.     Contract Liabilities and Remaining Performance Obligations
The Company's contract liabilities consist of payments received from customers, or such consideration that is contractually due, in advance of providing the product or performing services. The Company's contract liabilities are reported in a net position on a contract-by-contract basis at the end of each reporting period. As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the contract liability balance was $170 million and $159 million, respectively. During the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, the Company recognized revenue of $116 million and $99 million, respectively, related to its contract liabilities.
A contract's transaction price is allocated to each distinct performance obligation and recognized as revenue when, or as, the performance obligation is satisfied. For more information regarding the Company's performance obligations, see Note 1 (Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies). The following table represents the total transaction price for the remaining performance obligations as of June 30, 2018 related to non-cancelable contracts longer than 12 months in duration that is expected to be recognized over future periods.
(in millions)
 
Within 1 Year
 
Years 1-2
 
Years 2-3
 
Thereafter
Remaining performance obligations
 
$
33.6

 
$
20.8

 
$
6.2

 
$
0.9

5.
Financial Instruments
The Company's indebtedness creates interest rate risk on its variable-rate debt. The Company uses derivative financial instruments to manage its exposure to interest rate risk. The Company does not hold or issue derivative financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes.
The Company has interest rate cap agreements that entitle it to payments from the counterparty of the amount, if any, by which three-month LIBOR exceeds the strike rates of the caps during the agreement period in exchange for an upfront premium. During the first quarter of 2018, the Company entered into interest rate cap agreements with a combined notional value of $1.4 billion resulting in premiums paid to the counterparties of $13 million. As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Company had the following interest rate cap agreements for which the fair values are classified within Other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
June 30, 2018
 
December 31, 2017
Notional Value (in millions)
 
Effective Date
 
Maturity Date
 
Fair Value (in millions)
 
Fair Value (in millions)
$
1,400.0

 
January 17, 2017
 
December 31, 2018
 
$
6.4

 
$
5.4

1,400.0

 
December 31, 2018
 
December 31, 2020
 
17.1

 
—

 
 
 
 
 
 
$
23.5

 
$
5.4

The fair value of the Company's interest rate cap agreements is classified as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy. The valuation of the interest rate cap agreements is derived by using a discounted cash flow analysis on the expected cash receipts that would occur if variable interest rates rise above the strike rates of the caps. This analysis reflects the contractual terms of the interest rate cap agreements, including the period to maturity, and uses observable market-based inputs, including LIBOR curves and implied volatilities. The Company also incorporates insignificant credit valuation adjustments to appropriately reflect the respective counterparty's nonperformance risk in the fair value measurements.

14
CDW CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The counterparty credit spreads are based on publicly available credit information obtained from a third-party credit data provider. For additional details, see Note 6 (Long-Term Debt).
The interest rate cap agreements are designated as cash flow hedges. The effective portion of changes in the fair value of derivatives that qualify as cash flow hedges is recorded in Accumulated other comprehensive loss and is subsequently reclassified into Interest expense in the period when the hedged forecasted transaction affects earnings. If a derivative is deemed to be ineffective, the ineffective portion of the change in fair value of the derivative is recognized directly into earnings. The Company's interest rate cap agreements were deemed effective during both the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, and the Company expects the derivatives will continue to be effective for the next twelve months. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, the Company recorded a gain of $2 million and $5 million, respectively, net of a tax expense for the effective portion of the interest rate cap agreements into Accumulated other comprehensive loss. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2017, the Company recorded a loss of $1 million and $2 million respectively, net of a tax benefit, for the effective portion of the interest rate cap agreements into Accumulated other comprehensive loss. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, the Company reclassified $1 million and $2 million, respectively, from Accumulated other comprehensive loss to earnings within Interest expense, net on the Consolidated Statement of Operations. The Company expects to reclassify $5 million from Accumulated other comprehensive loss into Interest expense, net during the next twelve months.

Prior to the election of hedge accounting treatment during the first quarter of 2017, the Company recognized less than $1 million of Interest income during the six months ended June 30, 2017 in the Company's Consolidated Statement of Operations related to the changes in the fair value of the interest rate cap agreements.
6.
Long-Term Debt
Long-term debt as of June 30, 2018 is as follows:
(dollars in millions)
 
Interest
Rate
 
Principal
 
Unamortized Discount and Deferred Financing Fees
 
Total
Senior secured asset-based revolving credit facility

—
%
 
$
—

 
$
—


$
—

CDW UK revolving credit facility
 
1.9
%
 
13.2

 
—

 
13.2

Senior secured term loan facility (1)

3.9
%
 
1,460.6

 
(2.8
)

1,457.8

CDW UK term loan
 
1.9
%
 
73.9

 
(1.2
)
 
72.7

Senior notes due 2023

5.0
%
 
525.0

 
(4.0
)

521.0

Senior notes due 2024

5.5
%
 
575.0

 
(4.8
)

570.2

Senior notes due 2025

5.0
%
 
600.0

 
(6.8
)

593.2

Other long-term obligations
 
 
 
12.2

 
—

 
12.2

Total debt
 
 
 
3,259.9

 
(19.6
)
 
3,240.3

Less current maturities
 
 
 
(38.6
)
 
—

 
(38.6
)
Long-term debt, excluding current maturities
 
 
 
$
3,221.3

 
$
(19.6
)
 
$
3,201.7

(1)
The Senior secured term loan facility has a variable interest rate, which has effectively been capped through the use of an interest rate cap (see Note 5 (Financial Instruments)). The interest rate disclosed represents the variable interest rate in effect as of June 30, 2018.

15
CDW CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


Long-term debt as of December 31, 2017 is as follows:
(dollars in millions)
 
Interest
Rate
 
Principal
 
Unamortized Discount and Deferred Financing Fees
 
Total
Senior secured asset-based revolving credit facility
 
—
%
 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
—

CDW UK revolving credit facility
 
—
%
 
—

 
—

 
—

Senior secured term loan facility (1)
 
3.7
%
 
1,468.0

 
(2.0
)
 
1,466.0

CDW UK term loan
 
1.9
%
 
75.7

 
(1.4
)
 
74.3

Senior notes due 2023
 
5.0
%
 
525.0

 
(4.5
)
 
520.5

Senior notes due 2024
 
5.5
%
 
575.0

 
(5.2
)
 
569.8

Senior notes due 2025
 
5.0
%
 
600.0

 
(7.3
)
 
592.7

Other long-term obligations
 
 
 
12.2

 
—

 
12.2

Total debt
 
 
 
3,255.9

 
(20.4
)
 
3,235.5

Less current maturities
 
 
 
(25.5
)
 
—

 
(25.5
)
Long-term debt, excluding current maturities
 
 
 
$
3,230.4

 
$
(20.4
)
 
$
3,210.0

(1)
The Senior secured term loan facility has a variable interest rate, which has effectively been capped through the use of an interest rate cap (see Note 5 (Financial Instruments)). The interest rate disclosed represents the variable interest rate in effect as of December 31, 2017.
Senior Secured Asset-based Revolving Credit Facility ("Revolving Loan")
As of June 30, 2018, the Company had no outstanding borrowings under the Revolving Loan, less than $1 million of undrawn letters of credit, $357 million reserved for the floorplan sub-facility and a borrowing base of $1.8 billion, which is based on the amount of eligible inventory and accounts receivable balances as of May 31, 2018. Borrowings under the Revolving Loan are limited by the borrowing base. As of June 30, 2018, the Company could have borrowed up to an additional $1.1 billion under the Revolving Loan. Borrowings are also limited by a minimum liquidity condition, which provides that, if excess cash availability is less than the lower of (i) $125 million and (ii) the greater of (a) 10.0% of the borrowing base, and (b) $100 million, the lenders are not required to lend additional amounts under the Revolving Loan unless the consolidated fixed charge coverage ratio, as defined, is at least 1.00 to 1.00.

Borrowings under the Revolving Loan bear interest at a variable interest rate plus an applicable margin. The interest rate margin is based on one of two indices, either (i) LIBOR or (ii) the Alternate Base Rate ("ABR"), with the ABR being the greater of (a) the prime rate, (b) the federal funds effective rate plus 50 basis points or (c) the one-month LIBOR plus 1.00%. The applicable margin varies (1.25% to 1.75% for LIBOR borrowings and 0.25% to 0.75% for ABR borrowings) depending upon average daily excess cash availability under the agreement evidencing the Revolving Loan.

During the six months ended June 30, 2017, the Company amended, extended and increased its prior revolving loan ("Prior Revolving Loan") and recorded a loss on extinguishment of long-term debt of $1 million in the Consolidated Statement of Operations, representing a write-off of a portion of unamortized deferred financing fees. Fees of $4 million related to the Prior Revolving Loan were capitalized as deferred financing fees and are being amortized over the five-year term of the facility on a straight-line basis. These deferred financing fees are recorded in the Other assets line on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Senior Secured Term Loan Facility ("Term Loan")

On April 3, 2018, the Company amended the Term Loan, reducing interest margins by 25 basis points. Borrowings under the Term Loan continue to bear interest at either (i) LIBOR plus a margin or (ii) the Alternative Base Rate ("ABR"), with the ABR being the greater of (a) the prime rate, (b) the federal funds effective rate plus 50 basis points or (c) the one-month LIBOR plus a margin. The amended margin is 1.75% for LIBOR borrowings and 0.75% for ABR borrowings effective April 3, 2018. Additionally, the Company amended its covenant on restricted payments, such that the Company is permitted to make restricted payments so long as the total net leverage ratio is less than 3.75:1.00 on a pro forma basis.

16
CDW CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of June 30, 2018, the outstanding principal amount of the Term Loan was $1.5 billion, excluding $3 million of deferred financing fees. Borrowings under the Term Loan are payable quarterly on the last day of each March, June, September and December. The Company is required to pay quarterly principal installments of $4 million with the remaining principal amount payable on the maturity date of August 17, 2023.
During the six months ended June 30, 2017, the Company amended its prior $1.5 billion senior secured term loan facility ("Prior Term Loan Facility") and recorded a loss on extinguishment of long-term debt of $14 million in the Consolidated Statement of Operations. This loss represented the write-off of a portion of the unamortized deferred financing fees of $5 million and unamortized discount related to the Prior Term Loan Facility of $9 million. In connection with the issuance of the Term Loan, the Company incurred and recorded $2 million in deferred financing fees.
CDW UK Term Loan
As of June 30, 2018, the outstanding principal amount of the CDW UK Term Loan facility ("CDW UK Term Loan") was £56 million ($74 million at June 30, 2018), excluding £1 million ($1 million at June 30, 2018) of deferred financing fees.
Commencing during the quarter ending September 30, 2018, the Company is required to make annual principal installments of £5 million ($7 million at June 30, 2018), with the remaining principal amount payable on the maturity date of August 1, 2021. Borrowings under the CDW UK Term Loan bear interest at LIBOR plus a margin, payable quarterly on the last day of each March, June, September and December. As of June 30, 2018, an interest rate of 1.94% was in effect, which represents LIBOR plus a 1.40% margin.
The CDW UK Term Loan also includes a separate £50 million ($66 million at June 30, 2018) revolving credit facility (the "CDW UK Revolving Credit Facility"). As of June 30, 2018, the Company had £10 million ($13 million at June 30, 2018) of outstanding borrowings under the CDW UK Revolving Credit Facility.
5.0% Senior Notes due 2023 ("2023 Senior Notes")
As of June 30, 2018, the outstanding principal amount of the 2023 Senior Notes was $525 million. The 2023 Notes will mature on September 1, 2023 and bear interest at a rate of 5.0% per annum, payable semi-annually on March 1 and September 1 of each year.
5.5% Senior Notes due 2024 ("2024 Senior Notes")
As of June 30, 2018, the outstanding principal amount of the 2024 Senior Notes was $575 million. The 2024 Senior Notes will mature on December 1, 2024 and bear interest at a rate of 5.5% per annum, payable semi-annually on June 1 and December 1 of each year.
5.0% Senior Notes due 2025 ("2025 Senior Notes")

As of June 30, 2018, the outstanding principal amount of the 2025 Senior Notes was $600 million. The 2025 Senior Notes will mature on September 1, 2025 and bear interest at a rate of 5.0% per annum, payable semi-annually on March 1 and September 1 of each year.
During the six months ended June 30, 2017, the Company completed the issuance of the 2025 Senior Notes at par. The proceeds from the issuance of the 2025 Senior Notes along with cash on hand and proceeds from Revolving Loan borrowings were deposited to redeem all of the then remaining $600 million aggregate principal amount of the 2022 Senior Notes ("2022 Senior Notes"). In connection with this redemption, the Company recorded a loss on extinguishment of long-term debt of $43 million in the Consolidated Statement of Operations for the six months ended June 30, 2017. This loss represents $37 million in redemption premium and $6 million for the write-off of the remaining deferred financing fees related to the 2022 Senior Notes.
Debt Guarantors, Covenants and Restrictions
CDW LLC is the borrower under the Term Loan and Revolving Loan. CDW LLC and CDW Finance Corporation are the co-issuers of the 2023, 2024 and 2025 Senior Notes ("Senior Notes"). The obligations under the Term Loan, the Revolving Loan and the Senior Notes are guaranteed by Parent and each of CDW LLC's direct and indirect, wholly owned, US subsidiaries (the "Guarantors").

17
CDW CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The Revolving Loan is collateralized by a first priority interest in inventory (excluding inventory collateralized under the inventory floorplan arrangements as described in Note 3 (Inventory Financing Agreements)), deposits and accounts receivable and by a second priority interest in substantially all US assets.
The Term Loan is collateralized by a second priority interest in substantially all inventory (excluding inventory collateralized under the inventory floorplan arrangements as described in Note 3 (Inventory Financing Agreements)), deposits and accounts receivable and by a first priority interest in substantially all other US assets.
As of June 30, 2018, the Company remained in compliance with the covenants under its various credit agreements. The Term Loan contains negative covenants that, among other things, place restrictions and limitations on the ability of the Guarantors to dispose of assets, incur additional indebtedness, incur guarantee obligations, prepay other indebtedness, make distributions or other restricted payments, create liens, make equity or debt investments, make acquisitions, engage in mergers or consolidations or engage in certain transactions with affiliates. As of June 30, 2018, the amount of CDW's restricted payment capacity under the Term Loan was $1.3 billion. The total net leverage ratio was 2.53:1.00 as of June 30, 2018.
Each of the Senior Notes indentures contain negative covenants that, among other things, place restrictions and limitations on the ability of the Guarantors to enter into sale and lease-back transactions, incur additional secured indebtedness and create liens. The indenture governing each of the Senior Notes do not contain any financial covenants.
The CDW UK Term Loan imposes restrictions on CDW UK's ability to transfer funds to the Company through the payment of dividends, repayment of intercompany loans, advances or subordinated debt that require, among other things, the maintenance of a minimum net leverage ratio. As of June 30, 2018, the amount of restricted payment capacity under the CDW UK Term Loan was £101 million ($133 million at June 30, 2018).
Fair Value

The fair values of the Senior Notes were estimated using quoted market prices for identical liabilities that are traded in over-the-counter secondary markets that are not considered active. The fair value of the Term Loan was estimated using dealer quotes for identical liabilities in markets that are not considered active. The Senior Notes, Term Loan and the CDW UK Term Loan are classified as Level 2 within the fair value hierarchy. The carrying value of the Revolving Loan and the CDW UK Revolving Credit Facility approximate fair value if there are outstanding borrowings. As of June 30, 2018, the carrying value of the CDW UK Term Loan approximated fair value. The approximate fair values and related carrying values of the Company's long-term debt, including current maturities and excluding unamortized discount and unamortized deferred financing fees, were as follows:
(in millions)
 
June 30, 2018
 
December 31, 2017
Fair value
 
$
3,263.9

 
$
3,366.5

Carrying value
 
3,259.9

 
3,255.9

7.    Income Taxes
On December 22, 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act was enacted into law. The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act changes several aspects of US federal tax law including: reducing the US corporate income tax rate from 35.0% to 21.0% beginning on January 1, 2018; a one-time tax on the deemed mandatory repatriation of the Company's unremitted foreign earnings which have not been subject to US tax; imposing a minimum US tax on foreign earnings; providing for the immediate expensing of certain qualified property; and changing the tax treatment of performance-based executive compensation and certain employee fringe benefits.
The SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin 118 allowing for provisional amounts to be recorded during a measurement period not to exceed one year. The Company recorded during the year ended December 31, 2017 provisional amounts for the impact of revaluing deferred tax assets and liabilities, the deemed mandatory repatriation tax on the Company's unremitted foreign earnings and the state income tax effects from the change in federal tax law during the year ended December 31, 2017. The Company did not adjust any of the provisional amounts during the three or six months ended June 30, 2018. The Company continues to analyze the income tax effects of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, as well as monitor guidance from the Internal Revenue Service, US Treasury Department and state taxing authorities and will adjust the provisional amounts within the one-year measurement period.

18
CDW CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Income tax expense was $57 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018, compared to $54 million for the same period of the prior year. The effective income tax rate, expressed by calculating the income tax expense as a percentage of Income before income taxes, was 24.7% for the three months ended June 30, 2018 and differed from the US federal statutory rate of 21.0% primarily due to state income taxes partially offset by excess tax benefits on equity-based compensation. The effective tax rate for the same period of the prior year was 27.9% and differed from the US federal statutory rate of 35.0% primarily due to excess tax benefits on equity-based compensation.
Income tax expense was $96 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018, compared to $71 million for the same period of the prior year. The effective income tax rate was 24.1% for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and differed from the US federal statutory rate of 21.0% primarily due to state income taxes partially offset by excess tax benefits on equity-based compensation. The effective tax rate for the same period of the prior year was 26.2% and differed from the US federal statutory rate primarily due to excess tax benefits on equity-based compensation.
8.
Stockholders' Equity
On February 14, 2018, the Company retired 109,207 shares of its treasury stock. On December 31, 2017 the shares were acquired in satisfaction of withholding taxes which were paid by the Company on behalf of coworkers under the Performance Share Awards program.
9.
Equity-Based Compensation
On December 31, 2017, 321,880 Performance Share Units ("PSUs") under the 2013 Long-Term Incentive Plan vested, representing a vesting rate for the 2015-2017 performance period of 192.0% of target. The PSUs had a weighted-average grant-date fair value of $37.84 per unit. In connection with the PSUs that vested, the Company distributed shares of common stock to each participant during the six months ended June 30, 2018 and withheld the number of shares of common stock equal to the respective tax withholding for each participant. The Company was required to pay withholding taxes of $9 million to federal, state and foreign taxing authorities for the vesting of these PSUs. This amount is reported as a financing activity in the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows and as an increase to Accumulated Deficit in the Consolidated Statement of Shareholders' Equity for the six months ended June 30, 2018.

On December 31, 2016, 748,855 PSUs under the 2013 Long-Term Incentive Plan vested, representing a vesting rate for the 2014-2016 performance period of 193.5% of target. The PSUs had a weighted-average grant-date fair value of $24.40 per unit. In connection with the PSUs that vested, the Company distributed shares of common stock to each participant during the six months ended June 30, 2017 and withheld the number of shares of common stock equal to the respective tax withholding for each participant. The Company was required to pay withholding taxes of $18 million to federal, state and foreign taxing authorities for the vesting of these PSUs. This amount is reported as a financing activity in the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows and as an increase to Accumulated Deficit in the Consolidated Statement of Shareholders' Equity for the six months ended June 30, 2017.

On June 26, 2017, an aggregate of 997,450 Restricted Stock Units ("RSUs") under the 2013 Long-Term Incentive Plan vested. The RSUs had a weighted-average grant-date fair value of $17.04 per unit. In connection with the RSUs that vested, the Company distributed shares of common stock to each participant during the six months ended June 30, 2017 and withheld the number of shares of common stock equal to the respective tax withholding for each participant. The Company was required to pay withholding taxes of $24 million to federal, state and foreign taxing authorities for the vesting of these RSUs. This amount is reported as a financing activity in the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows and as an increase to Accumulated Deficit in the Consolidated Statement of Stockholders' Equity for the six months ended June 30, 2017.
10.
Earnings per Share
The numerator for both basic and diluted earnings per share is Net income. The denominator for basic earnings per share is the weighted-average shares outstanding during the period.

19
CDW CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

A reconciliation of basic weighted-average shares outstanding to diluted weighted-average shares outstanding is as follows:
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions)
2018
 
2017
 
2018
 
2017
Basic weighted-average shares outstanding
151.6

 
156.0

 
151.9

 
157.7

Effect of dilutive securities(1)
2.3

 
3.0

 
2.5

 
3.2

Diluted weighted-average shares outstanding(2)
153.9

 
159.0

 
154.4

 
160.9

(1)
The dilutive effect of outstanding stock options, restricted stock units, restricted stock, performance share units and Coworker Stock Purchase Plan units is reflected in the diluted weighted-average shares outstanding using the treasury stock method.

(2)
There were fewer than 0.2 million potential common shares excluded from diluted weighted-average shares outstanding for both the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 as their inclusion would have had an anti-dilutive effect.
11.    Commitments and Contingencies
The Company is party to various legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of its business, which include commercial, intellectual property, employment, tort and other litigation matters. The Company is also subject to audit by federal, state, international, national, provincial and local authorities, and by various partners, group purchasing organizations and customers, including government agencies, relating to purchases and sales under various contracts. In addition, the Company is subject to indemnification claims under various contracts. From time to time, certain customers of the Company file voluntary petitions for reorganization or liquidation under the US bankruptcy laws or similar laws of the jurisdictions for the Company's business activities outside of the US. In such cases, certain pre-petition payments received by the Company could be considered preference items and subject to return to the bankruptcy administrator.
As of June 30, 2018, the Company does not believe that there is a reasonable possibility that any material loss exceeding the amounts already recognized for these proceedings and matters, if any, has been incurred. However, the ultimate resolutions of these proceedings and matters are inherently unpredictable. As such, the Company's financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected in any particular period by the unfavorable resolution of one or more of these proceedings or matters.

20
CDW CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

12.
Segment Information
The Company has three reportable segments: Corporate, which is comprised primarily of US private sector business customers with more than 250 employees, Small Business, primarily servicing US private sector business customers with up to 250 employees, and Public, which is comprised of government agencies and education and healthcare institutions in the US. The Company has two other operating segments: CDW UK and CDW Canada, both of which do not meet the reportable segment quantitative thresholds and, accordingly, are included in an all other category ("Other").
Information about the Company's segments is as follows:
(in millions)

Corporate
 
Small Business

Public

Other

Headquarters

Total
Three Months Ended June 30, 2018


 
 








Net sales

$
1,733.8

 
$
329.5


$
1,635.4


$
487.4


$
—


$
4,186.1

Income (loss) from operations

141.3

 
24.6


113.0


21.7


(35.1
)

265.5

Depreciation and amortization expense

(20.4
)
 
(5.2
)

(11.3
)

(9.0
)

(20.4
)

(66.3
)



 
 








Three Months Ended June 30, 2017(1)


 
 








Net sales

$
1,580.1

 
$
315.0

 
$
1,632.8

 
$
363.8

 
$
—


$
3,891.7

Income (loss) from operations

126.9

 
19.4

 
104.6

 
12.5

 
(32.6
)

230.8

Depreciation and amortization expense

(20.8
)
 
(5.1
)
 
(11.2
)
 
(7.6
)
 
(20.7
)

(65.4
)

(in millions)
 
Corporate
 
Small Business
 
Public
 
Other
 
Headquarters
 
Total
Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net sales
 
$
3,299.6

 
$
657.1

 
$
2,865.4

 
$
970.4

 
$
—

 
$
7,792.5

Income (loss) from operations
 
266.1

 
46.9

 
184.7

 
41.5

 
(69.6
)
 
469.6

Depreciation and amortization expense
 
(41.5
)
 
(10.4
)
 
(22.5
)
 
(17.8
)
 
(40.7
)
 
(132.9
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2017(1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net sales
 
$
3,020.7

 
$
607.0

 
$
2,786.5

 
$
733.4

 
$
—

 
$
7,147.6

Income (loss) from operations
 
239.0

 
36.0

 
165.3

 
25.1

 
(63.9
)
 
401.5

Depreciation and amortization expense
 
(41.7
)
 
(10.3
)
 
(22.4
)
 
(14.6
)
 
(40.5
)
 
(129.5
)

(1)
Amounts for 2017 have been adjusted to reflect the adoption of Topic 606.

21
CDW CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Geographic Areas and Revenue Mix
 
Three Months Ended June 30, 2018
 
Corporate
 
Small Business
 
Public
 
Other
 
Total
Geography(1)

 

 

 

 

United States
$
1,731.4

 
$
329.5

 
$
1,635.4

 
$
8.0

 
$
3,704.3

Rest of World
2.4

 
—

 
—

 
479.4

 
481.8

Total Net sales
1,733.8

 
329.5

 
1,635.4

 
487.4

 
4,186.1

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Major Product and Services
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Hardware
1,380.8

 
273.9

 
1,337.8

 
389.7

 
3,382.2

Software
254.2

 
42.6

 
255.8

 
53.1

 
605.7

Services
81.3

 
7.7

 
37.6

 
42.2

 
168.8

Other(2)
17.5

 
5.3

 
4.2

 
2.4

 
29.4

Total Net sales
1,733.8

 
329.5

 
1,635.4

 
487.4

 
4,186.1

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Sales by Channel
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate
1,733.8

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
1,733.8

Small Business
—

 
329.5

 
—

 
—

 
329.5

Government
—

 
—

 
493.5

 
—

 
493.5

Education
—

 
—

 
712.1

 
—

 
712.1

Healthcare
—

 
—

 
429.8

 
—

 
429.8

Other
—

 
—

 
—

 
487.4

 
487.4

Total Net sales
1,733.8

 
329.5

 
1,635.4

 
487.4

 
4,186.1

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Timing of Revenue Recognition
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Transferred at a point in time where CDW is principal
1,583.4

 
309.6

 
1,537.3

 
441.6

 
3,871.9

Transferred at a point in time where CDW is agent
101.5

 
17.1

 
55.3

 
9.7

 
183.6

Transferred over time where CDW is principal
48.9

 
2.8

 
42.8

 
36.1

 
130.6

Total Net sales
$
1,733.8

 
$
329.5

 
$
1,635.4

 
$
487.4

 
$
4,186.1

(1)
Net sales by geography is generally based on the ship-to address with the exception of certain services that may be performed at, or on behalf of, multiple locations. Such service arrangements are categorized based on the bill-to address.
(2)
Includes items such as delivery charges to customers.



22
CDW CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 
Three Months Ended June 30, 2017(1)
 
Corporate
 
Small Business
 
Public
 
Other
 
Total
Geography(2)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
United States
$
1,578.5

 
$
315.0

 
$
1,632.8

 
$
7.1

 
$
3,533.4

Rest of World
1.6

 
—

 
—

 
356.7

 
358.3

Total Net sales
1,580.1

 
315.0

 
1,632.8

 
363.8

 
3,891.7

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Major Product and Services
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Hardware
1,238.5

 
261.0

 
1,329.7

 
291.4

 
3,120.6

Software
243.5

 
42.5

 
263.9

 
39.8

 
589.7

Services
81.3

 
6.2

 
34.7

 
30.6

 
152.8

Other(3)
16.8

 
5.3

 
4.5

 
2.0

 
28.6

Total Net sales
1,580.1

 
315.0

 
1,632.8

 
363.8

 
3,891.7

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Sales by Channel
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate
1,580.1

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
1,580.1

Small Business
—

 
315.0

 
—

 
—

 
315.0

Government
—

 
—

 
523.4

 
—

 
523.4

Education
—

 
—

 
704.9

 
—

 
704.9

Healthcare
—

 
—

 
404.5

 
—

 
404.5

Other
—

 
—

 
—

 
363.8

 
363.8

Total Net sales
1,580.1

 
315.0

 
1,632.8

 
363.8

 
3,891.7

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Timing of Revenue Recognition
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Transferred at a point in time where CDW is principal
1,437.9

 
296.7

 
1,539.3

 
325.6

 
3,599.5

Transferred at a point in time where CDW is agent
92.6

 
16.0

 
52.1

 
6.9

 
167.6

Transferred over time where CDW is principal
49.6

 
2.3

 
41.4

 
31.3

 
124.6

Total Net sales
$
1,580.1

 
$
315.0

 
$
1,632.8

 
$
363.8

 
$
3,891.7

(1)
Amounts for 2017 have been adjusted to reflect the adoption of Topic 606.
(2)
Net sales by geography is generally based on the ship-to address with the exception of certain services that may be performed at, or on behalf of, multiple locations. Such service arrangements are categorized based on the bill-to address.
(3)
Includes items such as delivery charges to customers.


23
CDW CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
 
Corporate
 
Small Business
 
Public
 
Other
 
Total
Geography(1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
United States
$
3,295.8

 
$
657.1

 
$
2,865.4

 
$
17.2

 
$
6,835.5

Rest of World
3.8

 
—

 
—

 
953.2

 
957.0

Total Net sales
3,299.6

 
657.1

 
2,865.4

 
970.4

 
7,792.5

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Major Product and Services
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Hardware
2,632.4

 
546.7

 
2,346.0

 
769.2

 
6,294.3

Software
473.8

 
85.7

 
438.9

 
112.4

 
1,110.8

Services
159.4

 
14.0

 
72.2

 
84.4

 
330.0

Other(2)
34.0

 
10.7

 
8.3

 
4.4

 
57.4

Total Net sales
3,299.6

 
657.1

 
2,865.4

 
970.4

 
7,792.5

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Sales by Channel
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Corporate
3,299.6

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
3,299.6

Small Business
—

 
657.1

 
—

 
—

 
657.1

Government
—

 
—

 
912.0

 
—

 
912.0

Education
—

 
—

 
1,109.3

 
—

 
1,109.3

Healthcare
—

 
—

 
844.1

 
—

 
844.1

Other
—

 
—

 
—

 
970.4

 
970.4

Total Net sales
3,299.6

 
657.1

 
2,865.4

 
970.4

 
7,792.5

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Timing of Revenue Recognition
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Transferred at a point in time where CDW is principal
3,009.7

 
619.0

 
2,681.2

 
874.6