<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!--XBRL Document Created with Wdesk from Workiva-->
<!--Copyright 2020 Workiva-->
<!--r:9e77beb0-fb56-494d-97ac-ec23feae30ec,g:05c58a41-cbc7-424e-a8be-6db97167c3b8-->
<link:linkbase xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd">
  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://www.nanostring.com/role/CoverPageDocument" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="nstg-20201109.xsd#CoverPageDocument"/>
  <link:calculationLink xlink:role="http://www.nanostring.com/role/CoverPageDocument" xlink:type="extended"/>
</link:linkbase>