<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!--XBRL Document Created with Wdesk from Workiva-->
<!--Copyright 2020 Workiva-->
<!--r:aa3eb8ec-b09e-4cb6-be87-f31726bd87ce,g:9935b245-5db1-4494-a5c5-dfdf4737917b-->
<link:linkbase xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd">
  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://www.nanostring.com/role/CoverPageDocument" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="nstg-20201006.xsd#CoverPageDocument"/>
  <link:calculationLink xlink:role="http://www.nanostring.com/role/CoverPageDocument" xlink:type="extended"/>
</link:linkbase>