2.4.0.8108 - Disclosure - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIEStruefalsefalse1false falsefalseP01_01_2013To06_30_2013http://www.sec.gov/CIK0001399521duration2013-01-01T00:00:002013-06-30T00:00:001true 1us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstractus-gaap_truenadurationfalsefalsefalsefalsefalsefalsefalsefalse1falsefalsefalse00falsefalsefalsexbrli:stringItemTypestringfalse0Accounting Policies [Abstract]2false 2us-gaap_SignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlockus-gaap_truenadurationfalsefalsefalsefalsefalsefalsefalsefalseterseLabel1falsefalsefalse00 <table border="0" style="clear:both;width:100%; table-layout:fixed;"> <tr> <td></td> </tr> </table> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif "> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> <table style="clear:both;MARGIN-TOP: 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tr style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top"> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; WIDTH: 0.75in"> <div><strong>NOTE 2</strong></div> </td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify"> <div><strong>SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES</strong></div> </td> </tr> </table> </div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">  </div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> <strong><em>Principle of consolidation</em></strong></div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> These condensed consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of Lihua International, Inc. and its subsidiaries.  All significant inter-company balances or transactions have been eliminated on consolidation.</div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">  </div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> <strong><em>Basis of preparation</em></strong></div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> These interim condensed consolidated financial statements are unaudited. In the opinion of management, all adjustments and disclosures necessary for a fair presentation of these interim condensed consolidated financial statements, which are of a normal and recurring nature, have been included. The results reported in the condensed consolidated financial statements for any interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be reported for the entire year. The (a) condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2012, which was derived from audited financial statements, and (b) the unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Certain information and note disclosures normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States have been condensed or omitted pursuant to those rules and regulations, although the Company believes that the disclosures made are adequate to make the information not misleading. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and accompanying footnotes of the Company for the year ended December 31, 2012.</div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">  </div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> <strong><em>Use of estimates</em></strong></div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> The preparation of these financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires the Company to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of these financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Accordingly, actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.</div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> <strong><em> </em></strong></div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> <strong><em>Cash and cash equivalents</em></strong></div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> Cash and cash equivalents consist of all cash balances and highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less.  Because of the short maturity of these investments, the carrying amounts approximate their fair value.  Restricted cash is excluded from cash and cash equivalents.</div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">  </div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> <strong><em>Accounts receivable</em></strong></div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> Accounts receivable are stated at cost, net of an allowance for doubtful accounts.   The Company maintains allowances for doubtful accounts for estimated losses, if any, resulting from the failure of customers to make required payments. The Company reviews the accounts and bills receivable on a periodic basis and makes allowances where there is doubt as to the collectibility of individual balances. In evaluating the collectibility of individual receivable balances, the Company considers many factors, including the age of the balance, the customer’s payment history, its current credit-worthiness and current economic trends.</div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">  </div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> <strong><em>Inventories</em></strong></div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> Inventories are stated at the lower of cost, determined on a weighted average basis, or market. Costs of inventories include purchase and related costs incurred in bringing the products to their present location and condition. Market value is determined by reference to selling prices after the balance sheet date or to management’s estimates based on prevailing market conditions. Management will write down the inventories to market value if it is below cost. Management also regularly evaluates the composition of its inventories to identify slow-moving and obsolete inventories to determine if a valuation allowance is required.</div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">  </div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> <strong><em>Property, plant and equipment</em></strong></div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. Gains or losses on disposals are reflected as gain or loss in the year of disposal. The cost of improvements that extend the life of buildings, machinery and equipment are capitalized. These capitalized costs may include structural improvements, equipment and fixtures. All ordinary repair and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred.</div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">  </div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> Depreciation for financial reporting purposes is provided using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets as follows:</div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">  </div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;TEXT-ALIGN:center; TEXT-INDENT: 0in; WIDTH: 100%" align="center"> <table style="clear:both;BORDER-BOTTOM: #9eb6ce 0px solid; BORDER-LEFT: #9eb6ce 0px solid; MARGIN: 0px:auto; WIDTH: 80%; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; OVERFLOW: visible; BORDER-TOP: #9eb6ce 0px solid; BORDER-RIGHT: #9eb6ce 0px solid" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <tr style="HEIGHT: 12px"> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; FONT-WEIGHT: 400" width="73%"> <div> </div> </td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; FONT-WEIGHT: 400" width="1%"> <div> </div> </td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; FONT-WEIGHT: 700" width="5%"> <div>Useful Life</div> </td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; FONT-WEIGHT: 400" width="1%"> <div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="HEIGHT: 12px"> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; FONT-WEIGHT: 400" width="73%"> <div> </div> </td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; FONT-WEIGHT: 400" width="1%"> <div> </div> </td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1px solid; TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; FONT-WEIGHT: 700" width="5%"> <div>(In years)</div> </td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; FONT-WEIGHT: 400" width="1%"> <div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="HEIGHT: 12px"> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; FONT-WEIGHT: 400" width="73%"> <div>Buildings</div> </td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; FONT-WEIGHT: 400" width="1%"> <div> </div> </td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; BORDER-TOP: #000000 1px solid; FONT-WEIGHT: 400" width="5%"> <div>20</div> </td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; FONT-WEIGHT: 400" width="1%"> <div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="HEIGHT: 12px"> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; FONT-WEIGHT: 400" width="73%"> <div>Machinery</div> </td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; FONT-WEIGHT: 400" width="1%"> <div> </div> </td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; FONT-WEIGHT: 400" width="5%"> <div>5-10</div> </td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; FONT-WEIGHT: 400" width="1%"> <div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="HEIGHT: 12px"> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; FONT-WEIGHT: 400" width="73%"> <div>Office equipment & motor vehicles</div> </td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; FONT-WEIGHT: 400" width="1%"> <div> </div> </td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; FONT-WEIGHT: 400" width="5%"> <div>5</div> </td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; FONT-WEIGHT: 400" width="1%"> <div> </div> </td> </tr> </table> </div> </div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">  </div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> <strong><em>Construction in progress</em></strong></div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> Construction in progress includes direct costs of construction of buildings and equipment.  Interest incurred during the period of construction, if material, is also capitalized. Construction in progress is not depreciated until such time as the assets are completed and put into service.</div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">  </div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> <strong><em>Prepaid land use rights</em></strong></div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> Prepaid land use right represent lump sum payments for land use rights in the PRC.  The amount is expensed over the period the of land use rights of 50 years.</div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">  </div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> <strong><em>Impairment of long-lived assets</em></strong></div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> The Company reviews and evaluates its long-lived assets for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the related carrying amounts may not be recoverable. Impairment is considered to exist if the total estimated future cash flows on an undiscounted basis are less than the carrying amount of the assets, including goodwill, if any. An impairment loss is measured and recorded based on discounted estimated future cash flows. In estimating future cash flows, assets are grouped at the lowest level for which there is identifiable cash flows that are largely independent of future cash flows from other asset groups.</div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">  </div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> <strong><em>Derivative financial instruments</em></strong></div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> The Company evaluates all its financial instruments to determine if such instruments are derivatives or contain features that qualify as embedded derivatives. For derivative financial instruments that are accounted for as liabilities, the derivative instrument is initially recorded at its fair value and is then re-valued at each reporting date, with changes in the fair value reported in the consolidated statements of income.</div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">  </div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> The Company’s warrants have been classified as derivatives in accordance with the guidance provided in FASB ASC 815-40-15-7I, because they are denominated in U.S. dollars, which is different from the Company’s functional currency (Renminbi).The Company accounted for the exercise of these warrants as extinguishment of debts in accordance with ASC 815-10-40-1, “Derivatives and Hedges  Derecognition” and ASC 470-50-40, “Debt  Modification and Extinguishments  Derecognition”.</div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">  </div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> <strong><em>Revenue recognition</em></strong></div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> Revenue is recognized when the following four revenue criteria are met: persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery has occurred, the selling price is fixed or determinable, and collectibility is reasonably assured.</div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">  </div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> Sales revenue is recognized net of value added tax, sales discounts and returns at the time when the merchandise is sold and delivered to the customer. Based on historical experience, management estimates that sales returns are immaterial and has not made an allowance for estimated sales returns.</div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">  </div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> <strong><em>Research and development costs</em></strong></div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> Research and development costs are expensed as incurred, and charged to general and administrative expense. For the six months ended June 30, 2013 and 2012, research and development costs were $458,968 and $736,080, respectively. For the three months ended June 30, 2013 and 2012, research and development costs were $228,229 and $364,617, respectively.</div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">  </div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> <strong><em>Advertising costs</em></strong></div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> The Company expenses all advertising costs as incurred. The total amount of advertising costs charged to general and administrative expenses was $13,144 and $856 for the six months ended June 30, 2013 and 2012, and $76 and nil for the three months ended June 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively.</div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">  </div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> <strong><em>Shipping and handling costs</em></strong></div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> Substantially all costs of shipping and handling of products to customers are included in selling expenses. Shipping and handling costs for the six months ended June 30, 2013 and 2012 were $1,191,072 and $1,152,485, and for the three months ended June 30, 2013 and 2012 were $651,593 and $585,158, respectively.</div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">  </div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> <strong><em>Foreign currency</em></strong></div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> The Company uses the United States dollar (“U.S. Dollar” or “US$” or “$”) for financial reporting purposes.  The functional currency of the parent company and Ally Profit is US$. The functional currency of Lihua Holdings is Hong Kong dollars. The PRC subsidiaries maintain their books and records in their functional currency, Chinese Renminbi (“RMB”), being the lawful currency in the PRC.  Assets and liabilities of the PRC subsidiaries are translated from RMB into US Dollars using the applicable exchange rates prevailing at the balance sheet date.  Items on the statements of comprehensive income and cash flows are translated at average exchange rates during the reporting period.  Equity accounts are translated at historical rates.  Adjustments resulting from the translation of the Company’s financial statements are recorded as accumulated other comprehensive income. </div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">  </div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> The exchange rates used to translate amounts in RMB into U.S. Dollars for the purposes of preparing the consolidated financial statements are based on the rates as published on the website of the People’s Bank of China and are as follows:</div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">  </div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;TEXT-ALIGN:Left; TEXT-INDENT: 0in; WIDTH: 100%"> <table style="clear:both;BORDER-BOTTOM: #9eb6ce 0px solid; BORDER-LEFT: #9eb6ce 0px solid; MARGIN: 0in; WIDTH: 100%; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; OVERFLOW: visible; BORDER-TOP: #9eb6ce 0px solid; BORDER-RIGHT: #9eb6ce 0px solid" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left"> <tr style="HEIGHT: 12px"> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; FONT-WEIGHT: 400" width="67%"> <div> </div> </td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; FONT-WEIGHT: 400" width="1%"> <div> </div> </td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1px solid; TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; FONT-WEIGHT: 700" width="15%"> <div>June 30,<br/> 2013</div> </td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; FONT-WEIGHT: 400" width="1%"> <div> </div> </td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1px solid; TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; FONT-WEIGHT: 700" width="15%"> <div>December 31,<br/> 2012</div> </td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; FONT-WEIGHT: 400" width="1%"> <div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="HEIGHT: 12px"> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; BACKGROUND: #ccffcc; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; FONT-WEIGHT: 400" width="67%"> <div>Balance sheet items, except for equity accounts</div> </td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; BACKGROUND: #ccffcc; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; FONT-WEIGHT: 400" width="1%"> <div> </div> </td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; BACKGROUND: #ccffcc; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; BORDER-TOP: #000000 1px solid; FONT-WEIGHT: 400" width="15%"> <div>US$1=RMB6.1787</div> </td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; BACKGROUND: #ccffcc; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; FONT-WEIGHT: 400" width="1%"> <div> </div> </td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; BACKGROUND: #ccffcc; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; BORDER-TOP: #000000 1px solid; FONT-WEIGHT: 400" width="15%"> <div>US$1=RMB6.2855</div> </td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; BACKGROUND: #ccffcc; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; FONT-WEIGHT: 400" width="1%"> <div> </div> </td> </tr> </table> </div> </div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">  </div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;TEXT-ALIGN:Left; TEXT-INDENT: 0in; WIDTH: 100%"> <table style="clear:both;BORDER-BOTTOM: #9eb6ce 0px solid; BORDER-LEFT: #9eb6ce 0px solid; MARGIN: 0in; WIDTH: 100%; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; OVERFLOW: visible; BORDER-TOP: #9eb6ce 0px solid; BORDER-RIGHT: #9eb6ce 0px solid" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left"> <tr style="HEIGHT: 12px"> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; FONT-WEIGHT: 400" width="65%"> <div> </div> </td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; FONT-WEIGHT: 400" width="1%"> <div> </div> </td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1px solid; TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; FONT-WEIGHT: 700" width="33%" colspan="5"> <div>For the Three Months Ended June 30,</div> </td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; FONT-WEIGHT: 400" width="1%"> <div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="HEIGHT: 12px"> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; FONT-WEIGHT: 400" width="65%"> <div> </div> </td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; FONT-WEIGHT: 400" width="1%"> <div> </div> </td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1px solid; TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; BORDER-TOP: #000000 1px solid; FONT-WEIGHT: 700" width="16%" colspan="2"> <div>2013</div> </td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; BORDER-TOP: #000000 1px solid; FONT-WEIGHT: 400" width="1%"> <div> </div> </td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1px solid; TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; BORDER-TOP: #000000 1px solid; FONT-WEIGHT: 700" width="16%" colspan="2"> <div>2012</div> </td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; FONT-WEIGHT: 400" width="1%"> <div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="HEIGHT: 12px"> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; BACKGROUND: #ccffcc; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; FONT-WEIGHT: 400" width="65%"> <div>Items in the statements of comprehensive income and cash flows</div> </td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; BACKGROUND: #ccffcc; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; FONT-WEIGHT: 400" width="1%"> <div> </div> </td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; BACKGROUND: #ccffcc; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; BORDER-TOP: #000000 1px solid; FONT-WEIGHT: 400" width="1%"> <div> </div> </td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; BACKGROUND: #ccffcc; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; BORDER-TOP: #000000 1px solid; FONT-WEIGHT: 400" width="15%"> <div>US$1=RMB6.2053</div> </td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; BACKGROUND: #ccffcc; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; FONT-WEIGHT: 400" width="1%"> <div> </div> </td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; BACKGROUND: #ccffcc; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; BORDER-TOP: #000000 1px solid; FONT-WEIGHT: 400" width="1%"> <div> </div> </td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; BACKGROUND: #ccffcc; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; BORDER-TOP: #000000 1px solid; FONT-WEIGHT: 400" width="15%"> <div>US$1=RMB6.3074</div> </td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; BACKGROUND: #ccffcc; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; FONT-WEIGHT: 400" width="1%"> <div> </div> </td> </tr> </table> </div> </div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">  </div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;TEXT-ALIGN:Left; TEXT-INDENT: 0in; WIDTH: 100%"> <table style="clear:both;BORDER-BOTTOM: #9eb6ce 0px solid; BORDER-LEFT: #9eb6ce 0px solid; MARGIN: 0in; WIDTH: 100%; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; OVERFLOW: visible; BORDER-TOP: #9eb6ce 0px solid; BORDER-RIGHT: #9eb6ce 0px solid" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left"> <tr style="HEIGHT: 12px"> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; FONT-WEIGHT: 400" width="67%"> <div> </div> </td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; FONT-WEIGHT: 400" width="1%"> <div> </div> </td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1px solid; TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; FONT-WEIGHT: 700" width="31%" colspan="3"> <div>For the Six Months Ended June 30,</div> </td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; FONT-WEIGHT: 400" width="1%"> <div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="HEIGHT: 12px"> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; FONT-WEIGHT: 400" width="67%"> <div> </div> </td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; FONT-WEIGHT: 400" width="1%"> <div> </div> </td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1px solid; TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; BORDER-TOP: #000000 1px solid; FONT-WEIGHT: 700" width="15%"> <div>2013</div> </td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; BORDER-TOP: #000000 1px solid; FONT-WEIGHT: 400" width="1%"> <div> </div> </td> <td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #000000 1px solid; TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; BORDER-TOP: #000000 1px solid; FONT-WEIGHT: 700" width="15%"> <div>2012</div> </td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; FONT-WEIGHT: 400" width="1%"> <div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="HEIGHT: 12px"> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; BACKGROUND: #ccffcc; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; FONT-WEIGHT: 400" width="67%"> <div>Items in the statements of comprehensive income and cash flows</div> </td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; BACKGROUND: #ccffcc; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; FONT-WEIGHT: 400" width="1%"> <div> </div> </td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; BACKGROUND: #ccffcc; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; BORDER-TOP: #000000 1px solid; FONT-WEIGHT: 400" width="15%"> <div>US$1=RMB6.2416</div> </td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; BACKGROUND: #ccffcc; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; FONT-WEIGHT: 400" width="1%"> <div> </div> </td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; BACKGROUND: #ccffcc; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; BORDER-TOP: #000000 1px solid; FONT-WEIGHT: 400" width="15%"> <div>US$1=RMB6.3074</div> </td> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; BACKGROUND: #ccffcc; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: middle; FONT-WEIGHT: 400" width="1%"> <div> </div> </td> </tr> </table> </div> </div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">  </div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> No representation is made that the RMB amounts could have been, or could be, converted into U.S. dollars at the above rates. The value of RMB against U.S. dollars and other currencies may fluctuate and is affected by, among other things, changes in China’s political and economic conditions. Any significant revaluation of RMB may materially affect the Company’s financial condition in terms of U.S. dollar reporting.</div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">  </div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> <strong><em>Recent accounting pronouncements</em></strong></div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">  </div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> In February 2013, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2013-2, Reporting of Amounts Reclassified Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (ASU 2013-02), that requires an organization to present the effects on the line items of net income of significant amounts reclassified out of Accumulated OCI, but only if the item reclassified is required under U.S. GAAP to be reclassified to net income in its entirety in the same reporting period. ASU 2013-02 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2012. All necessary disclosures have been complied within these financial statements.</div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">  </div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> In March 2013, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2013-05, Foreign Currency Matters, (Topic 830): Parent's Accounting for the Cumulative Translation Adjustment upon Derecognition of Certain Subsidiaries or Groups of Assets within a Foreign Entity or of an Investment in a Foreign Entity (ASU 2013-05), to resolve a diversity in accounting for the cumulative translation adjustment of foreign currency upon derecognition of a foreign subsidiary or group of assets. ASU 2013-05 requires the parent to apply the guidance in Subtopic 830-30 to release any related cumulative translation adjustment into net income when a reporting entity (parent) ceases to have a controlling financial interest in a subsidiary or group of assets within a foreign entity. Accordingly, the cumulative translation adjustment should be released into net income only if the sale or transfer results in the complete or substantially complete liquidation of the foreign entity in which the subsidiary or group of assets had resided. Further, ASU 2013-05 clarified that the parent should apply the guidance in subtopic 810-10 if there is a sale of an investment in a foreign entity, including both (1) events that result in the loss of a controlling financial interest in a foreign entity and (2) events that result in an acquirer obtaining control of an acquiree in which it held an equity interest immediately before the acquisition date. Accordingly, the cumulative translation adjustment should be released into net income upon the occurrence of those events. ASU 2013-05 is effective prospectively for the Company in our first quarter of fiscal 2014, with early adoption permitted. The Company does not expect ASU 2013-05 to have a significant impact on its consolidated result of operations and financial condition.</div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">  </div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> In July 2013, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2013-11, Income Taxes (Topic 740)(ASU 2013-11). The amendments in this update provide guidance on the financial statement presentation of an unrecognized tax benefit when a net operating loss carryforward, similar tax loss, or tax credit carryforward exists. These amendments provide that an unrecognized tax benefit, or a portion thereof, should be presented in the financial statements as a reduction to a deferred tax asset for a net operating loss carryforward, a similar tax loss, or a tax credit carryforward, except to the extent that a net operating loss carryforward, a similar tax loss, or a tax credit carryforward is not available at the reporting date to settle any additional income taxes that would result from disallowance of a tax position, or the tax law does not require the entity to use, and the entity does not intend to use, the deferred tax asset for such purpose, then the unrecognized tax benefit should be presented as a liability. The amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2013. Early adoption is permitted. The Company does not expect ASU 2013-11 to have a significant impact on its consolidated result of operations and financial condition.</div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">  </div> <div style="clear:both; FONT-FAMILY:Times New Roman;FONT-SIZE: 10pt;TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt 0px; FONT: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> Other accounting standards that have been issued or proposed by the FASB or other standards-setting bodies that do not require adoption until a future date are not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements upon adoption.</div> </div> falsefalsefalsenonnum:textBlockItemTypenaThe entire disclosure for all significant accounting policies of the reporting entity.Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 235 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 3 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6367646&loc=d3e18780-107790 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 235 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 1 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6367646&loc=d3e18726-107790 Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 235 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 6 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6367646&loc=d3e18861-107790 Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 235 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6367646&loc=d3e18743-107790 Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 235 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 5 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6367646&loc=d3e18854-107790 false0SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIESfalseSUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIESUnKnownUnKnownUnKnownUnKnowntruefalsefalseSheethttp://www.lihuaintl.com/role/SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPolicies12