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COMMON STOCK AND COMMON STOCK PURCHASE WARRANTS
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2011
COMMON STOCK AND COMMON STOCK PURCHASE WARRANTS
NOTE 14 COMMON STOCK AND COMMON STOCK PURCHASE WARRANTS

 

The Company’s Article of Incorporation grants the Board of Directors the authority, without any further vote or action by stockholders, to issue preferred stock in one or more series, fix the number of shares constituting the series and establish the preferences, limitations and relative rights, including dividend rights, dividend rate, voting rights, terms of redemption, redemption price or prices, redemption rights and liquidation preferences of the shares of the series.

 

Series A Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock

 

On October 31, 2008, the Company entered into and completed a securities purchase agreement (“Private Placement”) with certain accredited investors (the “Investors”) for the issuance and sale by the Company in a private placement of 6,818,182 shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock (“Preferred Shares”) and Series A warrants to purchase 1,500,000 shares of Common Stock. The Company received $13,656,538 in proceeds from this Private Placement after paying fees and expenses.

 

The principal terms of the Preferred Shares are as follows:

 

Conversion: At any time on or after issuance of Preferred Shares, each share of Preferred Shares will be convertible, at the option of the holder thereof (subject to certain ownership percentage limitations set forth in the Certificate of Designations), into one share of Common Stock, subject to adjustment from time to time, upon the occurrence of certain events described below. The rate of conversion (the “Conversion Rate”) is determined by dividing $2.20 per share (the “Liquidation Preference Amount”) by the conversion price of $2.20 (the “Conversion Price”), subject to adjustment as discussed below.

 

In the event the Company does not timely convert and deliver Preferred Shares into shares of Common Stock after request of a holder to so convert, and the holder must purchase shares of Common Stock, in excess of the price for which the holder sold such shares, the Company must make a payment in cash to the holder in the amount of the excess paid and the Company will not honor the conversion request and will reinstate the number of Preferred Shares for which such conversion was not honored.

 

If at any time, the Company consummates a bona fide offering of shares of Common Stock of at least $5,000,000, all outstanding Preferred Shares shall automatically convert to shares of Common Stock (subject to certain ownership percentage limitations set forth in the Certificate of Designations of the Series A Preferred Shares).

 

Liquidation Rights: The Preferred Shares will, in the event of any distributions or payments in the event of the voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of Lihua rank senior to Common Stock and to any other class or series of stock which may be issued not designated as ranking senior to or pari passu with the Preferred Shares in respect of the right to participate in distributions or payments upon any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of Lihua. In the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up, the holders of shares of Preferred Shares will be entitled to receive, out of assets available for distribution to stockholders, an amount equal to the Liquidation Preference Amount before any payment shall be made or any assets distributed to the holders of Common Stock or any stock which ranks junior to the Preferred Shares. In the event of a liquidation, dissolution or winding up of Lihua, the rights of holders of Preferred Shares to convert such shares into shares of Common Stock shall terminate prior to the date fixed for the payment to the holders of Preferred Shares of any amounts distributable to them in the event of any such liquidation, dissolution or winding up.

 

Redemption Rights: None of Preferred Shares may be redeemed without the express written consent of each holder of such shares. If the Company cannot issue shares of Common Stock upon a conversion because the Company does not have a sufficient number of shares of Common Stock authorized and available, then with respect to the unconverted Preferred Shares, the holder of such Preferred Shares, solely at such holder's option, may require the Company to redeem from such holder those Preferred Shares with respect to which the Company is unable to issue Common Stock in accordance with such holder's conversion notice at a price per share payable in cash equal to one hundred thirty percent of the Liquidation Preference Amount. Simultaneously with the occurrence of any merger, consolidation or similar capital reorganization of Common Stock, each holder of Preferred Shares shall have the right, at such holder's option, to require the Company to redeem all or a portion of such holder's Preferred Shares at a price per share equal to one hundred ten percent of the Liquidation Preference Amount. 

 

Dividend Rights: Preferred Shares will not be entitled to receive dividends unless the Company pays dividends to holders of our Common Stock. If the Company pays dividends to holders of Common Stock, holders of Preferred Shares will be entitled to receive, on each share of Preferred Shares held by them, dividends of equal amount or value as dividends that would have been payable on the number of underlying shares of Common Stock into which such Preferred Shares would be convertible, if such shares of Preferred Shares had been converted on the date for determination of holders of Common Stock entitled to receive such dividends.

 

Adjustments to Conversion Price; Conversion Rate and Other Similar Adjustments: The number of shares of Common Stock into which the Series A Preferred shall be converted, or the Conversion Price, as the case may be, shall be subject to upward or downward adjustment from time to time, as applicable, in the event of a (i) combination, stock split, recapitalization or reclassification of the Common Stock, (ii) merger, consolidation or similar capital reorganization of the Common Stock, (iii) distribution of stock dividends or (iv) issuance of additional shares of Common Stock or securities convertible into Common Stock at a price less than $2.20.

 

Voting Rights: Holders of Preferred Shares shall vote together as a separate class on all matters which impact the rights, value, or ranking of the Preferred Shares. Holders of Preferred Shares shall vote on an "as converted" basis, together with holders of Common Stock, as a single class, in connection with any proposal submitted to stockholders to: (i) increase the number of authorized shares of capital stock, (ii) to approve the sale of any of capital stock, (iii) adopt an employee stock option plan, or (iv) effect any merger, consolidation, sale of all or substantially all of assets, or related consolidation or combination transaction.

 

Conversion Restriction: Holders of Preferred Shares are restricted from converting to Common Stock if the number of shares of Common Stock to be issued pursuant to such Conversion would cause the number of shares of Common Stock owned by such holder and its affiliates at such time to equal or exceed 9.9% of the then issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock; provided, however, that upon a holder of the Series A Preferred providing the Company with sixty-one (61) days notice that such holder wishes to waive this restriction such holder may be entitled to waive this restriction.

 

Accounting for Preferred Shares

 

Pursuant to the Securities Escrow Agreement entered into by the Company as discussed below, if the Company fails to achieve certain net income thresholds for fiscal years 2008 and/or 2009, additional shares of the Company’s common stock would be released to the holders of the Preferred Shares. As a result, the holders of the Preferred Shares could acquire a majority of the voting power of the Company’s outstanding common stock.  In such a situation, the Company would not be able to control the approval of “any merger, consolidation or similar capital reorganization of its common stock”, i.e. events which could trigger the right of Preferred Shares holder to request for redemption. FASB ASC 480-10-S99 (formerly EITF D-98, “ Classification and Measurement of Redeemable Securities ”), provides that preferred securities that are redeemable for cash are to be classified outside of permanent equity if they are redeemable upon the occurrence of an event that is not solely within the control of the issuer. Therefore, as of December 31, 2008, the Preferred Shares were classified out of permanent equity in accordance with FASB ASC 480-10-S99 (formerly EITF D-98).

 

Conversion during 2009

 

On September 9, 2009, pursuant to the completion of the Public Offering, as discussed below, and in accordance with the terms of the Preferred Shares, all outstanding shares of the Preferred Stock were automatically converted into 6,818,183 shares of Common Stock.

  

Series A Warrants

In conjunction with the issuance of the Preferred Shares, the Company issued Series A Warrants to purchase up to 1,500,000 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $3.50 per share . The Series A Warrants have a term of exercise expiring 5 years from October 31, 2008. The Series A Warrants at the option of the holder, may be exercised by cash payment of the exercise price or, commencing 18 months following the closing of the Private Placement, if the per share market value of one share of Common Stock is greater than the exercise price and a registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, covering the shares of Common Stock underlying the Series A Warrants is not then declared ineffective by the SEC, in lieu of exercising the Series A Warrants by payment of cash, a holder may exercise the Series A Warrant by a cashless exercise by surrender of the Series A Warrant, in which event the Company will issue to the holder a number of shares of our Common Stock computed using the following formula:

 

 

X = Y - (A)(Y)

             B

 
Where X = the number of shares of Common Stock to be issued to the holder.
  Y = the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Series A Warrant in accordance with the terms of the Series A Warrant by means of a cash exercise rather than a cashless exercise.
  A = the Exercise Price.
  B = the per share market value of one share of Common Stock on the trading day immediately preceding the date of such election.

 

The Company will not receive any additional proceeds to the extent that the Series A Warrants are exercised by cashless exercise.

 

The exercise price and number of shares of the Company’s Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Series A Warrants may be adjusted in certain circumstances, including in the event of a stock dividend, or recapitalization, reorganization, merger or consolidation and the issuance of rights to purchase additional shares of our Common Stock or to receive other securities convertible into additional shares of Common Stock.

 

The Series A Warrants were originally issued with an anti-dilution protection provision whereby, for a period of two years following the original issue date of the Series A Warrants (the “Full Ratchet Period”), in the event the Company issued any additional shares of Common Stock or securities exercisable, convertible or exchangeable for Common Stock at a price per share less than the exercise price then in effect or without consideration, then the exercise price upon each such issuance would be adjusted to a price equal to the consideration per share paid for such additional shares of Common Stock.

 

On December 22, 2009, the Company and the holders of the Series A Warrants entered into agreements to amend certain provisions of the Warrants. The amendment to the Series A Warrant removes the anti-dilution protection rights that were applicable if the Company were to issue new shares of common stock or common stock equivalents at a price per share less than the exercise price of the Series A Warrant.  In addition, the amendment to the Series A Warrant added a provision to grant the holders of a majority of the Series A Warrants an approval right until October 31, 2010, over any new issuance of shares of common stock or common stock equivalents at a price per share less than the exercise price of the Series A Warrant.

 

No fractional shares will be issued upon exercise of the Series A Warrants. If, upon exercise of a Series A Warrant, a holder would be entitled to receive a fractional interest in a share, the Company will pay to the holder cash equal to such fraction multiplied by the then fair market value of one full share.

 

Pursuant to the terms of the Series A Warrants, the Company will not effect the exercise of any Series A Warrant, and no person who is a holder of any Series A Warrant has the right to exercise the Series A Warrant, to the extent that after giving effect to such exercise, such person would beneficially own in excess of 9.9% of the then outstanding shares of our Common Stock. However, the holder is entitled to waive this cap upon 61 days notice to the Company.

 

The Company has the right to redeem up to 9.9% of the Series A Warrants at a price equal to $0.01 per share of Common Stock underlying such warrants if (i) our Common Stock is traded on a national securities exchange, (ii) the daily volume weighted average price of our Common Stock is above $8.87 for 30 consecutive trading days ending on the date of the notice of redemption, and (iii) the average daily trading volume for the trading period is greater than 300,000 shares per day ; provided, that all shares underlying such Series A Warrants are registered pursuant to an effective registration statement and the Company simultaneously calls all of the Series A Warrants on the same terms. The Company will have the right, but not the obligation, to redeem the Series A Warrants at any time, and from time to time, provided that at such time, the foregoing conditions have been met, but in no event can the Company redeem the Series A Warrants more than once in any thirty (30) trading day period.

 

Series B Warrants

In connection with the Private Placement, Broadband Capital Management, LLC (“ Broadband ”) acted as the Company’s financial advisor and placement agent. Broadband received Series B warrants to purchase 250,000 shares of the Company’s Common Stock at an exercise price per share of $3.50.

 

On October 31, 2008, the Company issued Series B Warrants to purchase 250,000 shares of the Registrant’s Common Stock at an exercise price of $3.50 to Penumbra Worldwide Ltd. (“ Penumbra ”). Penumbra is not a broker dealer and the Series B Warrants were not issued as compensation for underwriting activities, but as compensation for business and investor relations consulting services performed by Penumbra.

 

The Series B Warrants have a term of exercise expiring 5 years from October 31, 2008. The Series B Warrants, at the option of the holder, may be exercised by cash payment of the exercise price or by “cashless exercise”. The Company will not receive any additional proceeds to the extent that warrants are exercised by cashless exercise.

 

If the per share market value of one share of Common Stock is greater than the exercise price and at the time of election, the average trading volume of Common Stock exceeds 100,000 shares for the immediately preceding 30 trading days, in lieu of exercising the Series B Warrant by payment of cash, the holder may exercise the Series B Warrant by cashless exercise by surrendering the Series B Warrant, in which event the Company will issue to the holder a number of shares of our Common Stock computed using the following formula:

 

 

X = Y - (A)(Y)

            B

 
Where: X = the number of shares of Common Stock to be issued to the Holder.
  Y = the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Series B Warrant in accordance with the terms of the Series B Warrant by means of a cash exercise rather than a cashless exercise.
  A = the exercise price.
  B = the volume weighted average price of the Common Stock for the 30 trading day period immediately preceding the date of such election.

 

The exercise price and number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants may be adjusted in certain circumstances, including in the event of a stock dividend, or our recapitalization, reorganization, merger or consolidation and the issuance of rights to purchase additional shares of Common Stock or to receive other securities convertible into additional shares of Common Stock.

 

The Series B Warrants were originally issued with an anti-dilution protection provision whereby for a period of two years following the original issue date of the Series B Warrant (the “Weighted Average Period”), in the event the Company issued any additional shares of Common Stock or securities exercisable, convertible or exchangeable for Common Stock at a price per share less than the exercise price then in effect or without consideration, then the exercise price then in effect would be multiplied by a fraction (i) the numerator of which shall be equal to the sum of (x) the number of shares of outstanding Common Stock immediately prior to the issuance of such additional shares of Common Stock plus (y) the number of shares of Common Stock (rounded to the nearest whole share) which the aggregate consideration price per share paid for the total number of such additional shares of Common Stock so issued would purchase at a price per share equal to the exercise price then in effect and (ii) the denominator of which shall be equal to the number of shares of outstanding Common Stock immediately after the issuance of such additional shares of Common Stock.  

 

On December 22, 2009, the Company and the holders of the Series B Warrants entered into agreements to amend certain provisions of the Warrants. The amendment to the Series B Warrant removed the anti-dilution protection rights that were applicable if the Company were to issue new shares of common stock or common stock equivalents at a price per share less than the exercise price of the Series B Warrant.

 

No fractional shares will be issued upon exercise of the warrants. If, upon exercise of a warrant, a holder would be entitled to receive a fractional interest in a share, the Company will pay to the holder cash equal to such fraction multiplied by the then fair market value of one full share.

 

Allocation of Proceeds from Private Placement

In accordance with ASC Topic 470-20, Debt with Conversion and Other Options , (formerly EITF 00-27, “Application of Issue No. 98-5 to Certain Convertible Instruments”), the proceeds from the Private Placement were first allocated between the Preferred Shares and the warrants issued in connection with the Private Placement based upon their estimated fair values as of the closing date, resulting in an aggregate amount of $539,910 being allocated to the Series A Warrants and the 250,000 Series B Warrants issued to Broadband.

 

Then, the fair value of the embedded conversion feature of the Preferred Shares of $1,002,115 was calculated using the intrinsic value model in accordance with the guidance provided in ASC Topic 470-20-30-6 (formerly EITF 00-27, “Application of Issue No. 98-5 to Certain Convertible Instruments”), limited to the amount of the proceeds allocated to the convertible instrument. The intrinsic value of the beneficial conversion feature was calculated by comparing the effective conversion price, which was determined based on the proceeds from the Private Placement allocated to the convertible Preferred Shares, and the fair value of the Company’s common stock of $2.26 at the commitment date, which was determined based on retrospective valuations prepared consistent with the methods outlined in the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants Practice Aids, “ Valuation of Privately-Held Company Equity Securities Issued as Compensation ” and based on a discounted future cash flow approach that used the Company’s estimates of revenue, driven by assumed market growth rates, and estimated costs as well as appropriate discount rates. The fair value of $1,002,115 of the beneficial conversion feature has been recognized as a reduction to the carrying amount of the convertible Preferred Shares and an addition to paid-in capital.

 

The following table sets out the accounting for the Preferred Shares and the movements during the period:

 

Proceeds of the Private Placement (net of fees and expenses)   $ 13,656,538  
Allocation of proceeds to Series A Warrants and 250,000 Series B Warrants     (539,910 )
Allocation of proceeds to beneficial conversion feature     (1,002,115 )
Amortization of discount resulting from the accounting for a beneficial conversion feature, deemed analogous to a dividend to the Preferred Shares holders     1,002,115  
Series A Convertible Preferred Stock at December 31, 2008     13,116,628  
Automatic conversion to Common Stock pursuant to Public Offering, as discussed below     (13,116,628 )
Balance, December 31, 2009   $ -  

   

Public Offering of Common Stock and Issuance of Warrants

On September 9, 2009, the Company completed a public offering (“Public Offering”) of 2,000,000 shares of Common Stock and an additional 300,000 shares exercised by the underwriters as part of the over-allotment option, at an offering price of $4.00 per share and raised proceeds of $7,864,000, net of legal fees, commission and other expenses directly related to this public offering.

 

In conjunction with the Public Offering, the Company issued warrants to the underwriters to purchase up to 138,000 shares of the Company’s Common Stock at a strike price of $4.80 per share (“Underwriter Warrants”). These warrants are exercisable at any time during a 5-year term commencing on the date that is six months from September 4, 2009. The shares underlying these warrants will have registration rights incidental upon the Company proposing to register any of its securities (other than in connection with a registration on Form S-4 or S-8 or any successor forms). These warrants contain standard anti-dilution provisions for stock dividends, stock splits, stock combination, recapitalization and a change of control transaction.  

 

During the year ended December 31, 2011, all the then outstanding Series A Warrants were exercised by its holders and 542,300 shares of common stock were issued for cash, 101,000 Series B Warrants were exercised on a cashless basis to purchase 67,632 shares of common stock, and 73,664 Underwriter Warrants were exercised on a cashless basis to purchase 37,192 shares of common stock.

 

Warrants issued and outstanding at December 31, 2011, and changes during the three years then ended, are as follows:

 

    Warrants Outstanding     Warrants Exercisable  
    Number of
underlying shares
    Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
    Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life (years)
    Number of
underlying
shares
    Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
    Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life (years)
 
Balance, January 1, 2009     2,000,000     $ 3.50       4.17       2,000,000     $ 3.50       4.17  
Granted / Vested     138,000       4.80       5.00                          
Forfeited     -                                          
Exercised     (35,900 )     3.50                                  
Balance, December 31, 2009     2,102,100     $ 3.59       3.93       1,964,100     $ 3.50       3.86  
Granted / Vested                                                
Forfeited     -                                          
Exercised     (963,680 )     3.55                                  
Balance, December 31, 2010     1,138,420     $ 3.62       2.91       1,138,420     $ 3.62       2.91  
Granted / Vested     -                                          
Forfeited     -                                          
Exercised     (729,464 )     3.63                                  
Balance, December 31, 2011     408,956     $ 3.59       1.89       408,956     $ 3.59       1.89  

 

On April 14, 2010, the Company closed an offering of 4,285,715 shares of its common stock at a public offering price of $8.05 per share, which included the sale of 559,006 shares of its common stock as a result of the exercise of the over-allotment option by the underwriters. The Company received net proceeds of approximately $32.1 million from the offering, after deducting underwriting discounts and estimated offering expenses.

 

The offering was underwritten by Rodman & Renshaw, LLC, Chardan Capital Markets, LLC and Brean Murray, Carret & Co., LLC, pursuant to an underwriting agreement with the Company dated April 8, 2010. The offering was made pursuant to the Company’s effective registration statement on Form S-3, as amended (Registration Statement No. 333-164269), filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission and, as disclosed in a prospectus supplement dated April 8, 2010 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

 

On January 24, 2011, the Board of Directors approved a one-year share repurchase program of up to $15 million of the Company’s common stock, pursuant to which the Company was authorized to repurchase its outstanding common stock from time to time, depending on market conditions, share price and other factors, on the open market or in privately negotiated transactions. Repurchased shares may be retired immediately and will resume the status of authorized but unissued shares or they may be held by the Company as treasury stock. The repurchase authorization may be modified, suspended, or discontinued by the Board of Directors at any time. During the year ended December 31, 2011, the Company repurchased 264,047 shares of its common stock under the share repurchase authorization at a weighted-average price of $8.05 per share for an aggregate purchase cost of $2,126,597. As of December 31, 2011, the Company had approximately $12.9 million available under the existing $15 million share repurchase authorization.

 

Accounting for Series A Warrants, Series B Warrants and Underwriter Warrants

The Company has performed a thorough assessment of the terms of all its warrants with reference to the guidance provided in ASC 815-40, “Derivatives and Hedging – Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity”, which has been effective from January 1, 2009. In particular, the Company has considered the guidance in ASC 815-40-15-7I regarding the Company’s exposure to changes in currency exchange rates. This assessment has led to management’s conclusion that the Company’s warrants should not be considered indexed to the Company’s own stock because the warrants are denominated in U.S. Dollars, which is different from the Company’s functional currency, Renminbi (the Chinese lawful currency). Therefore, the Company has classified Series A Warrants, Series B Warrants and Underwriter Warrants as derivative liabilities and reported any changes in their fair value up to the earlier of the date of exercise or the reporting date in earnings.

 

Make Good Escrow Agreement

In conjunction with the Private Placement, the Company also entered into a make good escrow agreement with the Investors (the “ Securities Escrow Agreement”), pursuant to which Magnify Wealth initially placed 6,818,182 of Common Stock (equal to 100% of the number of shares of Common Stock underlying the Investor Shares) (the “ Escrow Shares ”) into an escrow account. The Escrow Shares are being held as security for the achievement of $12 million in audited net income and $0.50 earnings per share for the fiscal year 2008 (the “ 2008 Performance Threshold ”) and $18 million in audited net income and $0.76 earnings per share for the fiscal year 2009 (the “ 2009 Performance Threshold ”).

 

Because both 2008 and 2009 Performance Thresholds have been met, the Escrow Shares have been released to Magnify Wealth.

 

Historically, SEC staff expressed the view that an escrow share arrangement involving the release of shares to certain shareholders based on performance-related criteria is presumed to be compensatory, equivalent to a reverse stock split followed by the grant of a restricted stock award under a performance-based plan.

 

However, at the EITF meeting held on June 18, 2009 (EITF Topic No. D-110, codified by FASB ASU No. 2010-05), the SEC staff announced that when evaluating whether the presumption of compensation has been overcome, the substance of the arrangement, including whether the arrangement was entered into for purposes unrelated to, and not contingent upon, continued employment, should be considered.

 

The Company evaluated the terms of the Securities Escrow Agreement based on the guidance provided by the SEC staff announcement in EITF No. D-110. The Company adopted EITF Topic No. D-110 on October 1, 2009. After a thorough review, the Company concluded that because the escrowed shares would be released or distributed to the investor without regard to the continued employment of Mr. Zhu or any other officer of the Company, the make good escrow arrangement was in substance an inducement to facilitate the Private Placement, rather than compensatory. The Company accounted for the escrowed share arrangement under the Securities Escrow Agreement according to its nature, and therefore was not recognized as a non-cash compensation charge as a result of the Company satisfying both the 2008 and 2009 performance thresholds.

 

On November 9, 2011, the Company announced that the Board of Directors have adopted a resolution to approve the Company’s proposed distribution of a special dividend to the shareholders of the Company of record as of December 31, 2011 and March 31, 2012 as special dividends. The Company accrued a dividend payable of $992,846 as of December 31, 2011. On January 13, 2012, the Company distributed and paid dividends amounting to $498,757 to its shareholders of record as of December 31, 2011 (except for Magnify Wealth (note 1(B)) which agreed to waive its entitlements).