Income Taxes

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2025

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Income Taxes

Income Taxes

The Company has accounted for income taxes under the asset and liability method, which requires deferred tax assets and liabilities to be recognized for the estimated future tax consequences attributable to differences between financial statement carrying amounts and respective tax bases of existing assets and liabilities, as well as net operating loss carryforwards and

research and development credits. Valuation allowances are provided if it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax asset will not be realized.

The Company’s tax provision for interim periods is determined using an estimate of its annual effective tax rate, adjusted for discrete items. For the three months ended March 31, 2025, the effective income tax rate was 0%, and the Company recorded no income tax expense from its pretax losses of $22,930. For the three months ended March 31, 2024, the effective income tax rate was 0%, and the Company recorded no income tax expense from its pretax losses of $12,828.

The primary factors impacting the effective tax rate for three months ended March 31, 2025 is the anticipated full year pre-tax book loss and a full valuation allowance against any associated net deferred tax assets.