12.5% Senior Secured Notes and Loans Payable

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

12.5% Senior Secured Notes and Loans Payable

12.5% Senior Secured Notes and Loans Payable

On July 15, 2019, the Company completed the private placement of up to $100,000 aggregate principal of its 12.5% Notes due 2025 and issued warrants for 2,000,000 shares of common stock (the “Warrants”), at $0.001 par value per share.

Upon closing of the indenture for the 12.5% Notes (the "Base Indenture"), the Company issued $70,000 of the 12.5% Notes (the “Initial Notes”) along with the Warrants and rights of first offer (the “First Offer Rights”) to the noteholders participating in this transaction. Issuance of the Initial Notes and Warrants provided net proceeds of $66,082.

On November 3, 2020, the Company entered into the First Supplemental Indenture (the "First Supplemental Indenture" and, together with all other subsequent supplemental indentures and the Base Indenture, collectively, the "Indenture") by and among the Company and U.S. Bank National Association, as Trustee (the "Trustee") and Collateral Agent thereunder to the Base Indenture, by and between the Company and the Trustee. Under the Second Supplemental Indenture, dated November 20, 2020, the Company repaid $22,500 of its $70,000 outstanding 12.5% Notes from the upfront proceeds received under the Monetization Agreement. Further, the Company entered into an additional Purchase Agreement with its noteholders whereby the Company issued in aggregate $4,000 of additional 12.5% Notes (the "Additional Notes") in lieu of paying a prepayment premium to two noteholders on the early repayment of the 12.5% Notes discussed above. The result of these two transactions reduced the net balance of the Company's 12.5% Senior Notes outstanding in the aggregate to $51,500 at December 31, 2020, and such aggregate principal amount remains outstanding as of December 31, 2022. The $4,000 principal issuance would be repaid proportionally over the same maturities as the other 12.5% Notes. The Company also paid to one of its noteholders a $2,250 premium as result of the early retirement of debt.

The Company accounted for the $22,500 debt repayment as a debt modification of the 12.5% Notes. The fees paid to the noteholders inclusive of (i) $2,250 early premium prepayment and (ii) $4,000 issuance of Additional Notes in lieu of paying a prepayment penalty were recorded as additional debt discount, amortized over the remaining life of the 12.5% Notes using the effective interest method. Loan origination costs of $220 associated with the Additional Notes were expensed as incurred. Existing deferred discounts and loan origination fees on the 12.5% Notes are amortized as an adjustment of interest expense over the remaining term of modified debt using the effective interest method.

The First Supplemental Indenture contains a provision whereby, as the Company receives any cash proceeds from the Monetization Agreement, each noteholder has the right to require the Company to redeem all or any part of such noteholder's outstanding 12.5% Notes at a repurchase price in cash equal to 112.5% of the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest. This repurchase offer is capped at 30% of the cash proceeds received by the Company as the contingent milestones are attained, if any, up through June 30, 2025. A valuation study was performed by an independent third party appraiser and updated as of December 31, 2022. Based on the valuation study, the put option was valued at $45 and has been recorded in Other non-current liabilities. The embedded put option is deemed to be a derivative under ASC 815 Derivatives and Hedging, which requires the recording of the embedded put option at fair value and subject to remeasurement at each reporting period. In addition, as of the closing of this transaction, the Company issued to the holders of the 12.5% Notes warrants to purchase 143,000 shares of our Common Stock.

On August 6, 2021, pursuant to the Third Supplemental Indenture, the holders of the 12.5% extended to June 30, 2022 from December 31, 2021, the Company's ability to access, at the Company's option, $30,000 of 12.5% Notes re-openers under the Indenture. Under the Third Supplemental Indenture, the first $10,000 of 12.5% Notes re-openers represented a commitment of such amount by current holders of 12.5% Notes, at the option of the Company, contingent upon FDA approval of the Company's product candidate Libervant™ (diazepam) Buccal Film for the management of seizure clusters ("First Additional Securities"). In addition, under the Third Supplemental Indenture, a second $20,000 12.5% Notes re-opener represented a right, at the Company's option, to market to current holders of the Company's 12.5% Notes, and or other noteholders, additional 12.5% Notes up to such amount, contingent upon FDA approval of Libervant for U.S. market access ("Second Additional Securities"). If and to the extent that the Company accesses these re-openers (pursuant to the terms currently in effect, as amended by the Fifth Supplemental Indenture described below), it will grant warrants to purchase up to 714,000 shares of Common Stock, with the strike price calculated based on the 30-day volume weighted average closing price of the Common Stock at the warrant grant date.

On October 7, 2021, the Company entered into the Fourth Supplemental Indenture, pursuant to which the amortization schedule for the 12.5% Notes was amended to provide for the date of the first amortization payment to be extended from September 30, 2021 to March 30, 2023. The Fourth Supplemental Indenture did not change the maturity date of the 12.5% Notes or the interest payment obligation due under the 12.5% Notes. In connection with the Fourth Supplemental Indenture, the Company entered into a Consent Fee Letter with the holders of the 12.5% Notes (the “Consent Fee Letter”), pursuant to which the Company agreed to pay the holders of the 12.5% Notes an additional cash payment ("Consent Fee") of $2,700 in the aggregate, payable in four quarterly payments beginning May 15, 2022. For the year ending December 31, 2021, the Company recognized a loss on the extinguishment of debt of $13,822 for fees and expenses related to the Fourth Supplemental Indenture. As of December 31, 2022, the Company recorded the remaining Consent Fee to be paid of $675 as Loans payable, current, on its Consolidated Balance Sheet.

On May 13, 2022, pursuant to the Fifth Supplemental Indenture, the holders of the 12.5% Notes further extended to March 31, 2023 from June 30, 2022, the Company's ability to access, at the Company's option, $30,000 of 12.5% Notes re-openers under the Indenture. The Fifth Supplemental Indenture also provided that the Company's access to the First Additional Securities and Second Additional Securities is subject to the full approval of Libervant by the FDA for sale in the United States, which full approval includes U.S. market access for Libervant prior to March 31, 2023. In addition, the Fifth Supplemental Indenture provides that the holders of 12.5% Notes have the right, but not the obligation, to purchase the First Additional Securities and Second Additional Securities upon the exercise by the Company of the option to access the re-openers.

A debt maturity table as of December 31, 2022 is presented below:

2023	$	18,025
2024	21,888
2025	11,587
Total	$	51,500

The 12.5% Notes provide a stated fixed interest rate of 12.5%, payable quarterly in arrears, with the final quarterly principal repayment of 12.5% Notes due at maturity on June 30, 2025. As of December 31, 2022, the Company recorded its principal payments as Loans payable, current and Loans payable, net on its Consolidated Balance Sheet.

The Company may elect, at its option, to redeem the 12.5% Notes at any time at premiums that range from 101.56% of outstanding principal if prepayment occurs on or after the fifth anniversary of the issue date of the Initial Notes to 112.50% if payment occurs during the third year after the issuance of the Notes. The Indenture also includes change of control provisions under which the Company may be required to redeem the 12.5% Notes at 101% of the remaining principal plus accrued interest at the election of the noteholders.

On November 4, 2022 and December 16, 2022, the Company issued two separate notices of partial redemption pursuant to the Indenture, dated as of July 15, 2021, between the Company and the Trustee and collateral agent governing the 12.5% Notes. Pursuant to each of the notice of partial redemption, the Company gave holders of the 12.5% Notes notice that the Company intended to redeem $3,765 and $1,882, respectively, of its outstanding 12.5% Notes at a redemption price pursuant to the formula set forth in the Indenture governing the 12.5% Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest. See Note 21, Subsequent Events for details.

The Company capitalizes legal and other third-party costs incurred in connection with obtaining debt as deferred debt issuance costs and applies the unamortized portion as a reduction of the outstanding face amount of the related loan. Similarly, the Company amortizes debt discounts, such as those represented by warrants issued to its noteholders, and offsets those as a direct reduction of its outstanding debt. Amortization expense arising from deferred debt issuance costs and debt discounts related to the 12.5% Notes for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 were $16 and $3,572, respectively. Unamortized deferred debt issuance costs and deferred debt discounts totaled $27 and $43 as of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.

Collateral for the loan under the 12.5% Notes consists of a first priority lien on substantially all property and assets, including intellectual property, of the Company. This secured obligation provides payment rights that are senior to all existing and future subordinated indebtedness of the Company and provides noteholders with perfected security interests in substantially all of the Company’s assets.