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2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2014
Notes to Financial Statements  
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Revenue Recognition

 

Revenue is derived from product sales and is recognized upon shipment to the customer, when title and risk of loss has passed and collection is reasonably assured. Direct sales to individual customers are recognized within internet sales in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive (loss) income, while all sales to retailers and distributors are recognized within retail and wholesale revenues. Payments received by the Company in advance are recorded as deferred revenue until the merchandise has shipped to the customer.

 

Sales are presented net of allowances for sales returns, discounts, and allowances. Sales returns are determined based on an evaluation of current market conditions and historical returns experience. Discounts are based on open invoices where trade discounts have been extended to customers. Receivables are presented net of these adjustments and an allowance for doubtful accounts.

 

A significant area of judgment affecting reported revenue and net income is estimating sales return reserves, which represent that portion of gross revenues not expected to be realized. A customer can contractually return products during a certain period of time. In particular, retail revenue, including e-commerce sales, is reduced by estimates of returns. In determining estimates of returns, management analyzes historical trends, seasonal results and current economic or market conditions. The actual amount of sales returns subsequently realized may fluctuate from estimates due to several factors, including, merchandise mix, actual or perceived quality, differences between the actual product and its presentation in the website, timeliness of delivery and competitive offerings. The Company continually tracks subsequent sales return experience, compiles customer feedback to identify any pervasive issues, reassesses the marketplace, compares its findings to previous estimates and adjusts the sales return accrual and cost of sales accordingly. As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, the Company had a sales return reserve of approximately $0.1 million and $0, respectively, which is included in the valuation allowance for doubtful accounts as of those dates.

 

Use of Estimates

 

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant estimates inherent in the preparation of the accompanying consolidated financial statements include customer deductions, sales returns, sales discounts the allowance for doubtful accounts, the reserve for excess and obsolete inventory, stock-based compensation, assumptions used to determine ongoing fair value of warrant liability and embedded derivatives, valuation of acquisition intangibles and other net assets acquired or assumed, and as the recoverability of net deferred tax assets.

 

Valuation of Goodwill

 

Goodwill represents the excess of cost over the fair value of net tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired in business combinations. We review goodwill and other intangibles for impairment at the reporting unit level annually as of November 1 or, when events or circumstances dictate, more frequently. For purposes of goodwill impairment, our reporting units are Vapestick, FIN, VIP, and Hardwire. The impairment review for goodwill consists of a qualitative assessment of whether it is more-likely-than-not that a reporting unit’s fair value is less than its carrying amount, and if necessary, a two-step goodwill impairment test. Factors we consider when performing the qualitative assessment include general economic conditions, limitations on accessing capital, and changes in forecasted operating results, changes in fuel prices and fluctuations in foreign exchange rates. If the qualitative assessment demonstrates that it is more-likely-than-not that the estimated fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying value, it is not necessary to perform the two-step goodwill impairment test. We may elect to bypass the qualitative assessment and proceed directly to step one, for any reporting unit, in any period. We can resume the qualitative assessment for any reporting unit in any subsequent period. When performing the two-step goodwill impairment test, the fair value of the reporting unit is determined and compared to the carrying value of the net assets allocated to the reporting unit. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying value, no further analysis or write-down of goodwill is required. If the fair value of the reporting unit is less than the carrying value of its net assets, the implied fair value of the reporting unit is allocated to all of its underlying assets and liabilities, including both recognized and unrecognized tangible and intangible assets, based on their fair value. If necessary, goodwill is then written down to its implied fair value. In 2014 we recognized goodwill impairment of approximately of $94 million primarily related to our FIN and Vapestick reporting units (Note 18).

 

Valuation of Identifiable Intangible Assets

 

In connection with our acquisitions, we have acquired certain identifiable intangible assets to which value has been assigned based on our estimates. Intangible assets that are deemed to have an indefinite life are not amortized, but are subject to an annual impairment test, or when events or circumstances dictate, more frequently. The indefinite-life intangible asset impairment test consists of a comparison of the fair value of the indefinite-life intangible asset with its carrying amount. If the carrying amount exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to that excess. If the fair value exceeds its carrying amount, the indefinite-life intangible asset is not considered impaired. In 2014, an impairment loss of approximately $50 million has been recorded on these assets primarily related to our FIN and Vapestick reporting units (see Note 18).

 

Other intangible assets assigned finite useful lives are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives.

 

 Financial Instruments

 

The carrying amounts of cash, accounts receivable, and accounts payable approximate fair value as of December 31, 2014 and 2013, because of the relatively short maturities of these instruments. The estimated fair values for financial instruments presented herein are not necessarily indicative of the amounts the Company could realize in a current market exchange. The use of different market assumptions and/or estimation methodologies may have a material effect on the estimated fair values. The carrying values of certain borrowings approximate fair value because the underlying instruments are fixed-rate notes based on current market rates and current maturities.

 

Embedded Derivatives

 

The Company has issued financial instruments such as debt in which a derivative instrument is “embedded.” Upon issuing the financial instrument, the Company assesses whether the economic characteristics of the embedded derivative are clearly and closely related to the economic characteristics of the remaining component of the financial instrument (i.e., the host contract) and whether a separate, non-embedded instrument with the same terms as the embedded instrument would meet the definition of a derivative instrument. When it is determined that (1) the embedded derivative possesses economic characteristics that are not clearly and closely related to the economic characteristics of the host contract and (2) a separate, stand-alone instrument with the same terms would qualify as a derivative instrument, the embedded derivative is separated from the host contract and carried at fair value, with changes in fair value recorded in the income statement.

 

Foreign Currency Translation

 

The Company translates assets and liabilities of its foreign subsidiaries whose functional currency is the local currency, at exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date. The Company translates revenues and expenses at weighted-average exchange rates during the year. Equity is translated at historical rates and the resulting foreign currency translation adjustments are included as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss, which is reflected as a separate component of stockholders’ deficit.

 

Concentration of Customers and Suppliers

 

The Company supplies products and services and extends credit where permitted by law. Due to its acquisitions, the majority of the Company’s sales are to large retail chains and distributors servicing convenience stores. Additionally, 43% or $15.8 million of net revenues were generated from five customers in 2014. The Company purchases a majority of its products from two suppliers. The Company also generated $21.6 million and $0 of foreign sales, during the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents

 

Cash consists of funds deposited in checking accounts. Cash also includes other kinds of accounts that have the general characteristics of demand deposits in that the customer may deposit additional funds at any time and also effectively may withdraw funds at any time without prior notice or penalty. While cash held by financial institutions may at times exceed federally insured limits, management believes that no material credit or market risk exposure exists due to the high quality of the institutions that have custody of the Company’s funds. The Company has not incurred any losses on such accounts.

 

Accounts Receivable

 

Accounts receivable are primarily from retail and wholesale customers or third-party internet brokers. Management reviews accounts receivable on a monthly basis to determine if any receivables are potentially uncollectible. An allowance for doubtful accounts is determined based on a combination of historical experience, length of time outstanding, customer credit worthiness, and current economic trends. As of December 31, 2013, the Company expected the amount of any potentially uncollectible receivables to be insignificant; therefore, no allowance for doubtful accounts had been determined necessary by management. As of December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, the Company has recorded an allowance for doubtful accounts of approximately $262,000 and $0, respectively.

 

Deferred Financing and Offering Costs

 

The Company capitalizes costs related to the issuance of debt which are included on the accompanying consolidated balance sheet. Deferred financing costs are amortized using a method that approximates the interest method over the life of the related loan and are included as a component of interest expense on the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive (loss) income.

 

Offering costs associated with equity financing transactions are deferred and recorded as charge to additional paid in capital upon completion of the offering.

 

Stock-based Compensation

 

Stock-based awards are measured based on the fair value of the award as determined in accordance with GAAP and recognized over the required service or vesting period. The fair value of options and warrants are estimated at the date of grant using a binomial option pricing model.

 

Income Taxes

 

Prior to the conversion to a C corporation on March 8, 2013, the Company acted as a pass-through entity for tax purposes. Accordingly, the consolidated financial statements do not include a provision for federal income taxes prior to the conversion. The Company’s earnings and losses were included in the shareholders’ personal income tax returns and the income tax thereon, if any, was paid by the shareholders’.

 

The Company now files income tax returns in the United States, which are subject to examination by the tax authorities in that jurisdiction generally for three years after the filing date. Income taxes are provided for under the liability method, whereby deferred tax assets are recognized for deductible temporary differences and operating loss and tax credit carry forwards and deferred tax liabilities are recognized for taxable temporary differences. Temporary differences are the differences between the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and their tax basis. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted for the effects of changes in tax laws and rates on the date of enactment. The calculation of the Company’s tax liabilities for uncertain income tax positions are based on estimates of whether, and the extent to which, additional taxes will be required.

 

The Company is subject to U.S. federal, state and local income taxes, and U.K. income taxes that are reflected in our consolidated financial statements. The effective tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2014 was 5.4%. The effective tax rate for 2014 was significantly impacted by the recognition of a deferred income tax benefit realized as a result of deferred tax liabilities that were recorded in the Company’s recent acquisitions as discussed below, and also by a valuation allowance placed against our deferred tax assets.

 

The Company recently completed the acquisitions of FIN, Vapestick, VIP and Hardwire. During 2014, certain measurement-period adjustments were made with respect to certain deferred tax liabilities that were identified to exist on the acquisition date for each of these acquisitions. As a result, deferred tax liabilities have been recorded for the identifiable intangibles acquired in these acquisitions as the amounts are non-deductible for income tax. 

 

We account for uncertainty in income taxes using a two-step process. The first step is to evaluate the tax position for recognition by determining if the weight of available evidence indicates that it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon audit, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes, if any. The second step requires us to estimate and measure the tax benefit as the largest amount that is more likely than not to be realized upon ultimate settlement. Such amounts are subjective, as a determination must be made on the probability of various possible outcomes. We reevaluate uncertain tax positions on a quarterly basis. This evaluation is based on factors including, but not limited to, changes in facts or circumstances, changes in tax law, effectively settled issues under audit, and new audit activity. Such a change in recognition and measurement could result in recognition of a tax benefit or an additional tax provision.

 

For the year ended December 31, 2014, there was no change to our total gross unrecognized tax benefit. We believe that there will not be a significant increase or decrease to the uncertain tax positions within the next twelve months.

 

Principles of Consolidation

 

These consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its 100% owned subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.

 

We evaluate quarterly the positive and negative evidence regarding the realization of net deferred tax assets. The carrying value of our net deferred tax assets is based on our belief that it is more likely than not that we will be unable to realize some of these deferred tax assets., primarily as a result of losses incurred during our limited history. As a result of this analysis, we project that approximately $78.5 million of our deferred tax assets will not be realizable.  

 

Inventory

 

Inventory is stated at the lower of standard cost (which approximates average cost) or market.

 

Property and Equipment

 

Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is provided using the straight-line method for financial reporting purposes based on the estimated useful lives of the various assets ranging from three to ten years. Maintenance and repair costs are charged to current earnings. Upon disposal of assets, the costs of assets and the related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts. Gains or losses are reflected in current earnings.

 

Foreign Currency and Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

 

Comprehensive loss is defined as the change in equity of a company during the period resulting from transactions and other events and circumstances excluding transactions resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners. The primary difference between our net loss and comprehensive loss results from foreign currency translation adjustments in consolidating our UK subsidiary’s financial statements. The financial position of foreign subsidiaries is translated using the exchange rates in effect at the end of the year, while income and expense items are translated at average rates of exchange during the year.

 

The net income and losses resulting from foreign currency transactions recorded in the consolidated statements of operations in the period incurred were $1,246,149 for the year ended December 31, 2014 and $0 for the year ended December 31, 2013.

 

Loss per Share

 

Basic loss per share is computed on the basis of the weighted average number of shares outstanding for the reporting period. Diluted loss per share is computed on the basis of the weighted average number of common shares plus dilutive potential common shares outstanding using the treasury stock method. Any potentially dilutive securities are anti-dilutive due to the Company’s net losses. Accordingly, for all years presented, there is no difference between the basic and diluted net loss per share.

 

Revenue Concentrations

 

The Company considers significant revenue concentrations to be counterparties who account for 10% or more of the total revenues generated by the Company during the period. For the year ended December 31, 2014, the amount of revenue derived from counterparties representing the top five customers was approximately 43% of total sales. As of December 31, 2014 these five customers owed a total of approximately 2% of accounts receivable.

 

About 80% of the products sold are supplied by two suppliers.

 

Segment Reporting

 

The Company operates as one segment, in which management uses one measure of profitability. The Company is managed and operated as one business. The Company does not operate separate lines of business or separate business entities with respect to any of its product categories. Accordingly, the Company does not have separately reportable segments.

 

Litigation

 

The Company recognizes a liability for a contingency when it is probable that liability has been incurred and when the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. When a range of probable loss can be estimated, the Company accrues the most likely amount of such loss, and if such amount is not determinable, then the Company accrues the minimum of the range of probable loss. As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, the litigation accrual was zero.

  

Reclassifications

 

Certain reclassifications have been made to the prior year balances in order to conform to the current year presentation. These reclassifications had no impact on working capital, net (loss) income, stockholders’ equity (deficit) or cash flows as previously reported.

 

Recent accounting pronouncements

 

In April 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-08 “Reporting Discontinued Operations and Disclosures of Disposals of Components of an Entity.” ASU No. 2014-08 changes the criteria for reporting discontinued operations and modifies related disclosure requirements. The new guidance is effective on a prospective basis for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2014, and interim periods within annual periods beginning on or after December 15, 2015. The Company is currently assessing the future impact of ASU No. 2014-08 on its financial statements.

 

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers,” which provides guidance for revenue recognition. The standard’s core principle is that a company will recognize revenue when it transfers promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The new guidance is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim periods within that reporting period. Early application is not permitted. The Company is currently assessing the potential impact of ASU No. 2014-09 on its financial statements.

 

In June 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-12, “Compensation—Stock Compensation (Topic 718)—Accounting for Share-Based Payments When the Terms of an Award Provide That a Performance Target Could Be Achieved after the Requisite Service Period”, which requires that a performance target that affects vesting and that could be achieved after the requisite service period be treated as a performance condition. The standard will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2015. We do not expect there to be material impact on the consolidated financial statements as a result of this standard.

 

In November 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-16, “Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Determining Whether the Host Contract in a Hybrid Financial Instrument Issued in the Form of a Share Is More Akin to Debt or to Equity” (a consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force). ASU 2014-16 does not change the current criteria in GAAP for determining when separation of certain embedded derivative features in a hybrid financial instrument is required, but clarifies how current GAAP should be interpreted in the evaluation of the economic characteristics and risks of a host contract in a hybrid financial instrument that is issued in the form of a share, reducing existing diversity in practice. The Company is evaluating ASU 2014- 09 to determine if this guidance will have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

 

In November 2014, FASB issued ASU 2014-17, “Business Combinations (Topic 805) Pushdown Accounting a consensus of the FASM Emerging Issues Task Force.” The amendments in this Update provide an acquired entity with an option to apply pushdown accounting in its separate financial statements upon occurrence of an event in which an acquirer obtains control of the acquired entity. An acquired entity may elect the option to apply pushdown accounting in the reporting period in which the change-in-control event occurs. An acquired entity should determine whether to elect to apply pushdown accounting for each individual change-in-control event in which an acquirer obtains control of the acquired entity. If pushdown accounting is not applied in the reporting period in which the change-in-control event occurs, an acquired entity will have the option to elect to apply pushdown accounting in a subsequent reporting period to the acquired entity’s most recent change-in-control event. An election to apply pushdown accounting in a reporting period after the reporting period in which the change-in-control event occurred should be considered a change in accounting principle in accordance with Topic 250, Accounting Changes and Error Corrections. If pushdown accounting is applied to an individual change-in-control event, that election is irrevocable. The amendments in this ASU 2014-17 became effective on November 18, 2014 and are not expected to have a material impact on the financial statements.

 

In August 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-15, “Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern” (ASU No. 2014-15) that will require management to evaluate whether there are conditions and events that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the financial statements are issued on both an interim and annual basis. Management will be required to provide certain footnote disclosures if it concludes that substantial doubt exists or when its plans alleviate substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. ASU No. 2014-15 becomes effective for annual periods beginning in 2016 and for interim reporting periods starting in the first quarter of 2017. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this ASU on its financial statements.