SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Our significant accounting policies are detailed in “Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019.

Funds Held by Lender and Restricted Cash

The balance sheet item, “Funds held by lender and restricted cash”, includes amounts maintained in escrow or other restricted accounts deposited into reserve accounts held by lenders for contractually specified purposes. The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and funds held by lender and restricted cash reported within the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets that sum to the total of the amounts shown in the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated statement of cash flows as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 (in thousands):



	March 31,		December 31,
	2020		2019
Cash and cash equivalents	$	9,897	$	7,925
Funds held by lender and restricted cash	2,424		2,564
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	$	12,321	$	10,489

The balance of “Funds held by lender and restricted cash” includes property tax, insurance and construction related reserves for the MacArthur Loan totaling $2.4 million and $2.6 million at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.

Revenue Recognition

Revenue is measured based on consideration specified in a contract with a customer. The Company recognizes revenue when it satisfies a performance obligation by transferring control over a product or service to a customer. ASC Topic 606 defines a five-step process to achieve this core principle. The significant accounting policies under ASC Topic 606 are set forth below.

Operating Property Revenues - Hotel Revenues

The Company derives hotel revenues from our hotel in Sonoma, California, which is reflected as operating property revenue in the accompanying unaudited consolidated statements of operations. Rooms revenue represents revenue from the occupancy of our hotel rooms and is driven by the occupancy and daily rate charged. Rooms revenue also includes revenue for guest no-shows, day use, and early late departure fees. The contracts for room stays with customers are generally short in duration and revenues are recognized as services are provided over the course of the hotel stay. Food & Beverage (“F&B”) revenue consists of revenue from the restaurants and lounges at our hotel, in-room dining and minibar revenue, and banquet/catering revenue from group and social functions. Other F&B revenue may include revenue from audiovisual equipment/services, rental of function rooms, and other F&B related revenue. Revenue is recognized as the services or products are provided. Our hotel property may employ third parties to provide certain services at the property, for example, audio visual services. We evaluate each of these contracts to determine if the hotel is the principal or the agent in the transaction, and record the revenue as appropriate (i.e., gross vs. net).

Other revenue consists of ancillary revenue at the property, including attrition and cancellation fees, resort fees, spa and other guest services. Attrition and cancellation fees are recognized for non-cancellable deposits when the customer provides notification of cancellation within established management policy time frames. Taxes collected from customers and submitted to taxing authorities are not recorded in revenue.

We identified the following performance obligations in connection with our hotel revenues, for which revenue is recognized as the respective performance obligations are satisfied, which results in recognizing the amount we expect to be entitled to for providing the goods or services:


•	Cancellable room reservations or ancillary services are satisfied as the good or service is transferred to the hotel guest, which is generally when the room stay occurs.


•	Noncancellable room reservations and banquet or conference reservations represent a series of distinct goods or

services provided over time and are satisfied as each distinct good or service is provided, which is reflected by the duration of the room reservation.

Material rights for free or discounted goods or services are satisfied at the earlier point in time when the material right expires or the underlying free or discounted good or service is provided to the hotel guest.


•	Other ancillary goods and services purchased independently of the room reservation at standalone selling prices are considered separate performance obligations, which are satisfied when the related good or service is provided to the hotel guest.


•	Components of package reservations for which each component could be sold separately to other hotel guests are considered separate performance obligations and are satisfied as set forth above.

Hotel revenues primarily consist of hotel room rentals, F&B sales, and other ancillary goods and services. Revenue is recognized when rooms are occupied or goods and services have been delivered or rendered, respectively. Payment terms typically align with when the goods and services are provided.

Although the transaction prices of room rentals, goods and other services are generally fixed and based on the respective room reservation or other agreement, an estimate to reduce the transaction price is required if a discount is expected to be provided to the customer. For corporate customers, the hotel offers discounts on goods and services sold in package reservations, and the corresponding transaction price is allocated to the performance obligations within the package based on the estimated standalone selling prices of each component. On occasion, the hotel may also provide the customer with a material right to a free or discounted good or service in conjunction with a room reservation or banquet contract. These material rights are considered separate performance obligations to which a portion of the transaction price is allocated based on the estimated standalone selling prices of the good or service, adjusted for the likelihood the hotel guest will exercise the right.

Operating Property Revenue - Commercial Real Estate Rental Revenue

The Company derives revenues from Broadway Tower, which, was acquired in May 2019 (Note 5) and subsequently sold in January 2020 (Note 1). Rental revenue, which is reflected as operating property revenue in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations and is presented in the Mortgage and REO Legacy portfolio and other operations segment, represents revenue from the leasing of commercial office space at Broadway Tower to tenants, common area maintenance charges and parking space rental. Leases with tenants are classified as operating leases and revenue is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the respective leases.

Management Fee Revenue Recognition

Management fees are typically composed of a base fee, which typically is a percentage of the hotel revenues, plus an incentive fee, which is generally based on hotel profitability. We recognize base management fees as revenue when we earn them under the contracts. In interim periods and at year-end, we recognize incentive management fees that would be due as if the contracts were to terminate at that date, exclusive of any termination fees payable or receivable by us.

Mortgage Loan Income

Interest on mortgage loans is recognized as revenue when earned using the interest method based on a 360- or 365-day year, in accordance with the related mortgage loan terms. We do not recognize interest income on loans once they are deemed to be impaired and placed in non-accrual status. Generally, a loan is placed in non-accrual status when it is past its scheduled maturity by more than 90 days, when it becomes delinquent as to interest due by more than 90 days or when the related fair value of the collateral is less than the total principal, accrued interest and related costs. We may determine that a loan, while delinquent in payment status, should not be placed in non-accrual status in instances where the fair value of the loan collateral significantly exceeds the principal and the accrued interest, as we expect that income recognized in such cases is probable of collection. Unless and until we have determined that the value of underlying collateral is insufficient to recover the total contractual amounts due under the loan term, generally our policy is to continue to accrue interest until the loan is more than 90 days delinquent with respect to accrued, uncollected interest or more than 90 days past scheduled maturity, whichever comes first. Mortgage loans classified as held for sale are recorded on the lower of carrying value or fair value less cost to sell.

We do not typically remove a loan from non-accrual status until (a) the borrower has brought the respective loan current as to the payment of past due interest, and (b) we are reasonably assured as to the collection of all contractual amounts due under the loan based on the value of the underlying collateral of the loan, the receipt of additional collateral required and the financial ability of the borrower to service our loan.

We do not generally reverse accrued interest on loans once they are deemed to be impaired and placed in non-accrual status. In conducting our periodic valuation analysis, we consider the total recorded investment for a particular loan, including outstanding principal, accrued interest, anticipated protective advances for estimated outstanding property taxes for the related property and estimated foreclosure costs, when computing the amount of valuation allowance required. As a result, our valuation allowance may increase based on interest income recognized in prior periods, but subsequently deemed to be uncollectible as a result of our valuation analysis.

We generally allocate cash receipts first to interest, except when such payments are specifically designated by the terms of the loan as a principal reduction. Loans with a principal or interest payment one or more days delinquent are in technical default and are subject to various fees and charges including default interest rates, penalty fees and reinstatement fees. Often these fees are negotiated in the normal course of business and, therefore, not subject to estimation. Accordingly, revenue for such fees is recognized over the remaining life of the loan as an adjustment to the interest income yield.

We defer fees for loan originations, processing and modifications, net of direct origination costs, at origination and amortize such fees as an adjustment to interest income using the effective interest method. Revenue for non-refundable commitment fees is recognized over the remaining life of the loan as an adjustment to the interest income yield.

We defer premiums or discounts arising from acquired loans at acquisition and amortize such premiums or discounts as an adjustment to interest income over the contractual term of the related loan using the effective interest method. We include the unamortized portion of the premium or discount as a part of the net carrying value of the loan on the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. Costs not directly paid to the seller of the loan are expensed as incurred and not amortized, except for any fees paid directly to the seller.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Changes to GAAP are established by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) in the form of accounting standards updates (“ASUs”) to the FASB’s ASC. The Company considers the applicability and impact of all ASUs.

Adopted Accounting Standards

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment (“ASU 2017-04”), which simplifies the current two-step goodwill impairment test by eliminating Step 2 of the test. The guidance requires a one-step impairment test in which an entity compares the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount and recognizes an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value, if any. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019 and interim periods within those fiscal years, and should be applied on a prospective basis. The Company adopted ASU 2017-04 for the period ended March 31, 2020. There was no material impact from the adoption of this standard on these condensed consolidated financial statements.

Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting (“ASU 2020-04”), which contains practical expedients for reference rate reform related activities that impact debt, leases, derivatives and other contracts. The guidance in ASU 2020-04 is optional and may be elected over time as reference rate reform activities occur. We are currently evaluating the impact of the guidance and our options related to the practical expedients.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (“ASU 2016-13”). The ASU requires an organization to measure all expected credit losses for financial assets held at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Financial institutions and other organizations will now use forward-looking information to better inform their credit loss estimates. Many of the loss estimation techniques applied today will still be permitted, although the inputs to those techniques will change to reflect the full amount of expected credit losses. Organizations will continue to use judgment to determine which loss estimation method is appropriate for their circumstances. Additionally, the ASU amends the accounting for credit losses on available-for-sale debt securities and purchased financial assets with credit deterioration. Recently, the FASB voted to delay the effective date of ASU 2016-13 to January 1, 2023, for smaller reporting companies with a revised ASU expected in the fourth quarter of 2019. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of this guidance on its financial statements and related disclosures.