0001394156-20-000005.txt : 20200225 0001394156-20-000005.hdr.sgml : 20200225 20200225161404 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0001394156-20-000005 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: 8-K PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 3 CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT: 20200225 ITEM INFORMATION: Completion of Acquisition or Disposition of Assets ITEM INFORMATION: Notice of Delisting or Failure to Satisfy a Continued Listing Rule or Standard; Transfer of Listing ITEM INFORMATION: Material Modifications to Rights of Security Holders ITEM INFORMATION: Changes in Control of Registrant ITEM INFORMATION: Departure of Directors or Certain Officers; Election of Directors; Appointment of Certain Officers: Compensatory Arrangements of Certain Officers ITEM INFORMATION: Amendments to Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws; Change in Fiscal Year ITEM INFORMATION: Financial Statements and Exhibits FILED AS OF DATE: 20200225 DATE AS OF CHANGE: 20200225 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: Diversified Restaurant Holdings, Inc. CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001394156 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: RETAIL-EATING PLACES [5812] IRS NUMBER: 030606420 STATE OF INCORPORATION: NV FISCAL YEAR END: 1227 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: 8-K SEC ACT: 1934 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 001-35881 FILM NUMBER: 20650779 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 5750 NEW KING DR. STREET 2: SUITE 320 CITY: TROY STATE: MI ZIP: 48098 BUSINESS PHONE: (833) 374-7282 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 5750 NEW KING DR. STREET 2: SUITE 320 CITY: TROY STATE: MI ZIP: 48098 FORMER COMPANY: FORMER CONFORMED NAME: Diversified Restaurants Holding, Inc. DATE OF NAME CHANGE: 20070322 8-K 1 a8kdrhdelisting2252020.htm 8-K Document


UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549


FORM 8-K

CURRENT REPORT

Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported): February 25, 2020


PATTON WINGS, INC.

(Name of registrant in its charter)

Nevada
 
000-53577
 
03-0606420
(State or other jurisdiction of
 incorporation)
 
(Commission File Number)
 
(IRS Employer Identification No.)
 
 
5750 New King Drive, Suite 320
Troy, MI 48098
 
 
(Address of principal executive offices)

Registrant's telephone number:  (833) 374-7282

DIVERSIFIED RESTAURANT HOLDINGS, INC.
(Former name or former address, if changed since last report)

Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions:

[   ]    Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)
 
[ ]    Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)
 
[   ]    Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))
 
[   ]    Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))





Item 2.01. Completion of Acquisition or Disposition of Assets
Item 3.03. Material Modification to Rights of Security Holders
Item 5.01. Changes in Control of Registrant
On February 25, 2020, pursuant to the terms of an Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of November 6, 2019 (the “Merger Agreement”) among Diversified Restaurant Holdings, Inc., a Nevada corporation (the “Company”), Patton Wings Intermediate Holdings, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Parent”), and Golden Merger Sub, Inc., a Nevada corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent (“Merger Sub”), Parent completed its acquisition of the Company via the merger of Merger Sub with and into the Company, with the Company continuing as the surviving corporation in the merger as a privately-held company and becoming a wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent (the “Merger”). The Merger Agreement and the transactions contemplated thereby, including the Merger, were approved by the Company’s board of directors and its stockholders. The Company stockholders approved the Merger Agreement at a special meeting of the Company stockholders held on December 19, 2019.
At the effective time and as a result of the Merger, each share of common stock of the Company (including shares of vested restricted stock) issued and outstanding immediately prior to the effective time of the Merger (other than shares held by the Company or any subsidiary of the Company or Parent or Merger Sub) was cancelled and converted into the right to receive $1.05 in cash, without interest. In addition, each unvested restricted share of common stock that was outstanding immediately prior to the effective time of the Merger was cancelled and converted into the right to receive an amount in cash equal to $1.05 multiplied by the maximum number of shares of stock subject to such restricted share immediately prior to the effective time of the Merger.
The foregoing summary does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of the Merger Agreement, which is included as Exhibit 2.1 to this Current Report on Form 8-K and is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 3.01. Notice of Delisting or Failure to Satisfy a Continued Listing Rule or Standard; Transfer of Listing
As a result of the Merger, the Company no longer fulfills the numerical listing requirements of the Nasdaq Global Select Market (“NASDAQ”). Accordingly, on February 25, 2020, at the Company’s request, NASDAQ filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission a Notification of Removal from Listing and/or Registration under Section 12(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), on Form 25, thereby effecting the delisting of the Company’s common stock from NASDAQ and deregistering such common stock under Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act. The Company intends to file a Form 15 to suspend its reporting obligations under Sections 13(a) and 15(d) of the Exchange Act as soon as practicable.
Item 5.02. Departure of Directors or Certain Officers; Election of Directors; Appointment of Certain Officers; Compensatory Arrangements of Certain Officers
On February 25, 2020, at the effective time of the Merger, each of T. Michael Ansley, Jay Alan Dusenberry, Philip Friedman, David Ligotti, Joseph M. Nowicki and Roger Lipton, who constituted the board of directors of the Company prior to the Merger (the “Prior Directors”), ceased their membership on the board of directors of the Company and all committees of which they were members. The departure of the Prior Directors did not result from any disagreements with the Company regarding any matter related to the Company’s operations, policies or practices. Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, at the effective time of the Merger on February 25, 2020, the directors of Merger Sub immediately prior to the effective time of the Merger became the directors of the Company. In addition, pursuant to the terms of the Merger Agreement, at the effective time of the Merger, the officers of Merger Sub immediately prior to the effective time of the Merger became the officers of the Company.
Item 5.03. Amendments to Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws; Change in Fiscal Year
Pursuant to the terms of the Merger Agreement, at the effective time of the Merger on February 25, 2020, the Articles of Incorporation of the Company were amended and restated. Pursuant to the terms of the Merger Agreement, at the effective time of the Merger on February 25, 2020, the bylaws of Merger Sub as in effect at the Effective Time became the bylaws of the Company. Following the Merger, the name of the Company was changed to “Patton Wings, Inc.” The restated articles of incorporation and bylaws of the Company are filed as Exhibits 3.1 and 3.2 hereto, respectively, and are incorporated herein by reference.






Item 9.01. Financial Statements and Exhibits.
(d) Exhibits





SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.

 
 
PATTON WINGS, INC.
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dated:
February 25, 2020
By:
 /s/ Kent Ward
 
 
 
Name:
Kent Ward
 
 
 
Title:
Chief Executive Officer
 



EX-3.1 2 restatedartofincorp.htm EXHIBIT 3.1 Exhibit


RESTATED ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION
OF
PATTON WINGS, INC.
(A Nevada Corporation)

FIRST:    Name. The name of the corporation (herein referred to as the “Corporation”) is: Patton Wings, Inc.

SECOND:    Registered Office and Agent. The address of the registered office of the Corporation in the State of Nevada is 112 North Curry Street, Carson City, NV 89703. The name of its registered agent at such address is Corporation Service Company.

THIRD:    Purpose. The nature of the business of the Corporation is to engage in any lawful acts or activities for which corporations may be organized under the Nevada Revised Statutes and to possess and exercise all of the powers and privileges granted under such law and the other laws of the State of Nevada.

FOURTH:    Authorized Capital. The corporation is authorized to issue only one class of shares which shall be designated “Common Stock,” $0.0001 par value per share. The total number of shares which the corporation is authorized to issue is one hundred (100).

FIFTH. Board of Directors.

(A) The governing board of the corporation shall be styled as a “Board of Directors”, and any member of said Board shall be styled as a “Director.”
 
(B) The number of members constituting the first Board of Directors of the corporation is two (2); and the name and the post office box or street address, either residence or business, of each of said members are as follows:

Name
Address
Ira Moreland
1201 West Peachtree Street, Suite 2800
Atlanta, GA 30309
Sheldon Howell
1201 West Peachtree Street, Suite 2800
Atlanta, GA 30309

The number of directors of the corporation may be increased or decreased in the manner provided in the Bylaws of the corporation; provided, that the number of directors shall never be less than one.  In the interim between elections of directors by stockholders entitled to vote, all vacancies, including vacancies caused by an increase in the number of directors and including vacancies resulting from the removal of directors by the stockholders entitled to vote which are not filled by said stockholders, may be filled by the remaining directors, though less than a quorum.

SIXTH. Limitation on Liability. The personal liability of the directors of the corporation is hereby eliminated to the fullest extent permitted by the Nevada Revised Statutes, as the same may be amended and supplemented.

SEVENTH. Indemnification. The corporation shall, to the fullest extent permitted by the Nevada Revised Statutes, as the same may be amended and supplemented, indemnify any and all persons whom it





shall have power to indemnify under said Statues from and against any and all of the expenses, liabilities, or other matters referred to in or covered by said Statues, and the indemnification provided for herein shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which those indemnified may be entitled under any Bylaw, agreement, vote of stockholders or disinterested directors or otherwise, both as to action in his official capacity and as to action in another capacity while holding such office, and shall continue as to a person who has ceased to be a director, officer, employee, or agent and shall inure to the benefit of the heirs, executors, and administrators of such a person.

EIGHTH. Purchase of Shares. The Board of Directors of the Corporation may, from time to time, and at its discretion, cause the Corporation to purchase its own shares and such shares may be reissued by the Corporation.

NINTH. Amendment. The corporation reserves the right to amend, alter, change, or repeal any provision contained in these Articles of Incorporation in the manner now or hereafter prescribed by statute, and all rights conferred upon stockholders herein are granted subject to this reservation.

TENTH. Authorization. The Board of directors is hereby authorized to take any and all actions without shareholder approval, which are allowed by the Nevada Revised Statutes.        




EX-3.2 3 pattonwingsbylaws.htm EXHIBIT 3.2 Exhibit


BYLAWS
OF
PATTON WINGS, INC.

ARTICLE 1 - Stockholders

1.1    Place of Meeting. All meetings of stockholders shall be held at such place within or without the State of Nevada as may be designated from time to time by the Board of Directors or the President or, if not so designated, at the registered office of the Corporation.

1.2    Annual Meeting. The annual meeting of stockholders for the election of directors and for the transaction of such other business as may properly be brought before the meeting shall be held at such date, time and place as may be fixed by the Board of Directors or the President. If this date shall fall upon a legal holiday at the place of the meeting, then such meeting shall be held on the next succeeding business day at the same hour. If no annual meeting is held in accordance with the foregoing provisions, the Board of Directors shall cause the meeting to be held as soon thereafter as convenient. If no annual meeting is held in accordance with the foregoing provisions, a special meeting may be held in lieu of the annual meeting, and any action taken at that special meeting shall have the same effect as if it had been taken at the annual meeting, and in such case all references in these Bylaws to the annual meeting of the stockholders shall be deemed to refer to such special meeting.

1.3    Special Meetings. Special meetings of stockholders may be called at any time by (i) the President, or (ii) a majority of the Board of Directors, or (iii) the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of the capital stock of the Corporation. Business transacted at any special meeting of stockholders shall be limited to matters relating to the purpose or purposes stated in the notice of meeting.

1.4    Notice of Meetings. Except as otherwise provided by law, written notice of each meeting of stockholders, whether annual or special, shall be given not less than ten (10) nor more than sixty (60) days before the date of the meeting to each stockholder entitled to vote at such meeting. The notices of all meetings shall state the place, date and hour of the meeting. The notice of a special meeting shall state, in addition, the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is called. If mailed, notice is given when deposited in the United States mail, postage prepaid, directed to the stockholder at his address as it appears on the records of the Corporation. The notice of any meeting of stockholders may be delivered via facsimile, electronic mail, or other electronic transmission. If such notice is delivered via facsimile or other electronic transmission, notice shall be deemed given at the time such transmission is sent.

1.5    Voting List. The officer who has charge of the stock ledger of the Corporation shall prepare, at least ten days before every meeting of stockholders, a complete list of the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting, arranged in alphabetical order, and showing the address of each stockholder and the number of shares registered in the name of each stockholder. Such list shall be open to the examination of any stockholder, for any purpose germane to the meeting, during ordinary business hours, for a period of at least ten days prior to the meeting, at a place within the city where the meeting is to be held. The list shall also be produced and kept at the time and place of the meeting during the whole time of the meeting, and may be inspected by any stockholder who is present.

1.6    Quorum. Except as otherwise provided by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, the holders of a majority of the shares of the capital stock of the Corporation issued and outstanding and entitled to vote at the meeting, present in person or represented by proxy, shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business.

1.7    Adjournments. Any meeting of stockholders may be adjourned to any other time and to any other place at which a meeting of stockholders may be held under these Bylaws by the stockholders present or represented at the meeting and entitled to vote, although less than a quorum, or, if no stockholder is present, by any officer entitled to preside at or to act as Secretary of such meeting. It shall not be necessary to notify any stockholder of any adjournment of less than 30 days if the time and place of the adjourned meeting are announced at the meeting at which adjournment is taken, unless after the adjournment a new record date is fixed for the adjourned meeting. At the adjourned meeting, the Corporation may transact any business which might have been transacted at the original meeting.






1.8    Voting and Proxies. Each stockholder shall have one vote for each share of stock entitled to vote held of record by such stockholder and a proportionate vote for each fractional share so held, unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation. Each stockholder of record entitled to vote at a meeting of stockholders, or to express consent or dissent to corporate action in writing without a meeting, may vote or express such consent or dissent in person or may authorize another person or persons to vote or act for him by written proxy executed by the stockholder or his authorized agent and delivered to the Secretary of the Corporation. No such proxy shall be voted or acted upon after three years from the date of its execution, unless the proxy expressly provides for a longer period.

1.9    Action at Meeting. When a quorum is present at any meeting, the holders of a majority of the capital stock present or represented and voting on a matter (or if there are two or more classes of capital stock entitled to vote as separate classes, then in the case of each such class, the holders of a majority of the stock of that class present or represented and voting on a matter) shall decide any matter to be voted upon by the stockholders at such meeting, except when a different vote is required by express provision of law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws. Any election by stockholders shall be determined by a plurality of the votes cast by the stockholders entitled to vote at the election.

1.10    Action without Meeting. Any action required to be taken at any annual or special meeting of stockholders, or any action that may be taken at any annual or special meeting of such stockholders, may be taken without a meeting, without prior notice and without a vote, if a consent in writing, setting forth the action so taken, shall be signed by the holders in interest of greater than fifty percent (50%) of the shares of outstanding capital stock, unless the Certificate of Incorporation requires a higher percentage for any such action.

ARTICLE 2 - Directors

2.1    General Powers. The business and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed by or under the direction of a Board of Directors, who may exercise all of the powers of the Corporation except as otherwise provided by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws. In the event of a vacancy in the Board of Directors, the remaining directors, except as otherwise provided by law or in the Certificate of Incorporation or in any voting or other agreement among the stockholders of the Corporation and the Corporation (a “Stockholders’ Agreement”), may exercise the powers of the full board until the vacancy is filled.

2.2    Number and Classes. Unless otherwise stated in the Certificate of Incorporation, the number of directors which shall constitute the whole Board of Directors shall not be less than one (1). Subject to the Certificate of Incorporation and any Stockholders’ Agreement, the number of directors may be increased or decreased at any time and from time to time either by the holders of a majority of the Corporation’s capital stock or by a majority of the directors then in office.

2.3    Tenure, Election and Qualification. Subject to the Certificate of Incorporation and any Stockholders’ Agreement, the directors shall be elected at the annual meeting of stockholders by such stockholders as have the right to vote on such election. At each annual meeting of stockholders, directors elected to succeed those whose terms are expiring shall be elected for a term of office expiring at the annual meeting of stockholders held in the one year following their election and until their respective successors are elected and qualified, or until such director's earlier death, resignation or removal. Directors need not be stockholders of the Corporation.

2.4    Enlargement of the Board. Subject to the Certificate of Incorporation and any Stockholders’ Agreement, the number of directors may be increased at any time and from time to time by affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the shares of the Corporation's capital stock or by a majority of the directors then in office.

2.5    Vacancies. Subject to the Certificate of Incorporation and any Stockholders’ Agreement, unless and until filled by the stockholders, any vacancy in the Board of Directors, however occurring, including a vacancy resulting from an enlargement of the Board, may be filled by vote of a majority of the directors then in office. A director elected to fill a vacancy shall be elected for the unexpired term of his predecessor in office, and a director chosen to fill a





position resulting from an increase in the number of directors shall hold office until the next annual meeting of stockholders and until his successor is elected and qualified, or until his earlier death, resignation or removal.

2.6    Resignation. Any director may resign by delivering his written resignation to the Corporation at its principal office or to the President or Secretary. Such resignation shall be effective upon receipt unless it is specified to be effective at some other time or upon the happening of some other event.

2.7    Regular Meetings. Provided that meetings of the Board of Directors are held at least once during each of the Company’s fiscal quarters, regular meetings of the Board of Directors may be held without notice at such time and place, either within or without the State of Nevada, as shall be determined from time to time by the Board of Directors; provided that any director who is absent when such a determination is made shall be given notice of the determination. Subject to the foregoing sentence, a regular meeting of the Board of Directors may be held without formal notice to the directors.

2.8    Special Meetings. Special meetings of the Board of Directors may be held at any time and place, within or without the State of Nevada, designated in a call by (i) the Chairman of the Board or (ii) any two (2) members of the Board of Directors then in office.

2.9    Notice of Special Meetings. Notice of any special meeting of directors shall be given to each director by the Secretary or by the officer or one of the directors calling the meeting. Notice shall be duly given to each director (i) by giving notice to such director in person or by telephone at least 48 hours in advance of the meeting, (ii) by sending a facsimile, electronic mail, or other electronic transmission, or delivering written notice by hand, to his last known business or home address, or e-mail address, at least 48 hours in advance of the meeting, or (iii) by delivering written notice to his last known business or home address at least 72 hours in advance of the meeting by a nationally recognized overnight service (receipt requested). A notice or waiver of notice of a meeting of the Board of Directors need not specify the purposes of the meeting.

2.10    Meetings by Telephone Conference Calls. Directors or any members of any committee designated by the directors may participate in a meeting of the Board of Directors or such committee by means of conference telephone or similar communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other, and participation by such means shall constitute presence in person at such meeting.

2.11    Quorum. Subject to the Certificate of Incorporation and any Stockholders’ Agreement, a majority of the total number of the Board of Directors shall constitute a quorum at all meetings of the Board of Directors. In the absence of a quorum at any such meeting, a majority of the directors present may adjourn the meeting from time to time without further notice other than announcement at the meeting until a quorum shall be present.

2.12    Action at Meeting. At any meeting of the Board of Directors at which a quorum is present, the vote of a majority of those present shall be sufficient to take any action, unless a different vote is specified by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws.

2.13    Action by Consent. Any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board of Directors or of any committee of the Board of Directors may be taken without a meeting, if all members of the Board or committee, as the case may be, consent to the action in writing, and the written consents are filed with the minutes of proceedings of the Board or committee.

2.14    Removal. Subject to the Certificate of Incorporation and any Stockholders’ Agreement, any one or more or all of the directors may be removed, with or without cause, by the holders of a majority of the shares then entitled to vote at an election of directors, except that the directors elected by the holders of a particular class or series of stock may be removed without cause only by vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of such class or series.

2.15    Committees. The Board of Directors may, by resolution passed by a majority of the Board of Directors, designate one or more committees, each committee to consist of one or more of the directors of the Corporation. The





Board of Directors may designate one or more directors as alternate members of any committee, who may replace any absent or disqualified member at any meeting of the committee. In the absence or disqualification of a member of a committee, the member or members of the committee present at any meeting and not disqualified from voting, whether or not he or they constitute a quorum, may unanimously appoint another member of the Board of Directors to act at the meeting in the place of any such absent or disqualified member. Any such committee, to the extent provided in the resolution of the Board of Directors and subject to the provisions of the Nevada Revised Statutes shall have and may exercise all the powers and authority of the Board of Directors in the management of the business and affairs of the Corporation and may authorize the seal of the Corporation to be affixed to all papers which may require it. Each such committee shall keep minutes and make such reports as the Board of Directors may from time to time request. Except as the Board of Directors may otherwise determine, any committee may make rules for the conduct of its business, but unless otherwise provided by the directors or in such rules, its business shall be conducted as nearly as possible in the same manner as is provided in these Bylaws for the Board of Directors.

2.16    Compensation of Directors. Directors may be paid such compensation for their services as the Board of Directors may from time to time determine and the directors shall be reimbursed for expenses (including travel expenses) incurred to attend meetings. No such payment shall preclude any director from serving the Corporation or any of its parent or subsidiary Corporations in any other capacity and receiving compensation for such service.


ARTICLE 3 - Officers

3.1    Enumeration. The officers of the Corporation shall consist of a President, a Secretary, a Treasurer and such other officers with such other titles as the Board of Directors shall determine, including a Chairman of the Board, a Vice-Chairman of the Board, and one or more Vice Presidents, Assistant Treasurers, and Assistant Secretaries. The Board of Directors may appoint such other officers as it may deem appropriate.

3.2    Election. The President, Treasurer and Secretary shall be elected annually by the Board of Directors at its first meeting following the annual meeting of stockholders and in the absence of such election shall continue in such office in accordance with Section 3.4 below. Other officers may be appointed by the Board of Directors at such meeting or at any other meeting.

3.3    Qualification. No officer need be a stockholder. Any two or more offices may be held by the same person.

3.4    Tenure. Except as otherwise provided by law, by the Certificate of Incorporation or by these Bylaws, each officer shall hold office until his successor is elected and qualified, unless a different term is specified in the vote choosing or appointing him, or until his earlier death, resignation or removal.

3.5    Resignation and Removal. Any officer may resign by delivering his written resignation to the Corporation at its principal office or to the President or Secretary. Such resignation shall be effective upon receipt unless it is specified to be effective at some other time or upon the happening of some other event.

Any officer appointed by Board of Directors may be removed at any time, with or without cause, by vote of a majority of the entire number of directors then in office.

Except as the Board of Directors may otherwise determine, no officer who resigns or is removed shall have any right to any compensation as an officer for any period following his resignation or removal, or any right to damages on account of such removal, whether his compensation be by the month or by the year or otherwise, unless such compensation is expressly provided in a duly authorized written agreement with the Corporation.

3.6    Vacancies. The Board of Directors may fill any vacancy occurring in any office for any reason and may, in its discretion, leave unfilled for such period as it may determine any offices other than those of President, Treasurer and Secretary. Each such successor shall hold office for the unexpired term of his predecessor and until his successor is elected and qualified, or until his earlier death, resignation or removal.






3.7    Chairman of the Board and Vice-Chairman of the Board. The Board of Directors may appoint a Chairman of the Board. If the Board of Directors appoints a Chairman of the Board, he shall perform such duties and possess such powers as are assigned to him by the Board of Directors. If the Board of Directors appoints a Vice-Chairman of the Board, he shall, in the absence or disability of the Chairman of the Board, perform the duties and exercise the powers of the Chairman of the Board and shall perform such other duties and possess such other powers as may from time to time be vested in him by the Board of Directors.

3.8    President and Chief Executive Officer. Unless the Board of Directors otherwise determines, the President shall be the Chief Executive Officer of the Corporation. The President shall, subject to the direction of the Board of Directors, have general charge and supervision of the business of the Corporation. Unless otherwise provided by the Board of Directors, he or she shall preside at all meetings of the stockholders, if he or she is a director, at all meetings of the Board of Directors. The President shall perform such other duties and shall have such other powers as the Board of Directors may from time to time prescribe. If the Board of Directors appoints a Chief Executive Officer who is not the President, he shall perform such duties and possess such powers as are assigned to him by the Board of Directors.

3.9    Vice Presidents. Any Vice President shall perform such duties and possess such powers as the Board of Directors or the President may from time to time prescribe. In the event of the absence, inability or refusal to act of the President, the Vice President designated as the Chief Operating Officer of the Corporation shall perform the duties of the President and when so performing shall have all the powers of and be subject to all the restrictions upon the President. The Board of Directors may assign to any Vice President the title of Executive Vice President, Senior Vice President or any other title selected by the Board of Directors.

3.10    Secretary and Assistant Secretaries. The Secretary shall perform such duties and shall have such powers as the Board of Directors or the President may from time to time prescribe. In addition, the Secretary shall perform such duties and have such powers as are incident to the office of the secretary, including without limitation the duty and power to give notices of all meetings of stockholders and special meetings of the Board of Directors, to attend all meetings of stockholders and the Board of Directors and keep a record of the proceedings, to maintain a stock ledger and prepare lists of stockholders and their addresses as required, to be custodian of corporate records and the corporate seal and to affix and attest to the same on documents.

Any Assistant Secretary shall perform such duties and possess such powers as the Board of Directors, the President or the Secretary may from time to time prescribe. In the event of the absence, inability or refusal to act of the Secretary, the Assistant Secretary, (or if there shall be more than one, the Assistant Secretaries in the order determined by the Board of Directors) shall perform the duties and exercise the powers of the Secretary.

In the absence of the Secretary or any Assistant Secretary at any meeting of stockholders or directors, the person presiding at the meeting shall designate a temporary secretary to keep a record of the meeting.

3.11    Treasurer and Assistant Treasurers. The Treasurer shall perform such duties and shall have such powers as may from time to time be assigned to him by the Board of Directors or the President. In addition, the Treasurer shall perform such duties and have such powers as are incident to the office of treasurer, including without limitation the duty and power to keep and be responsible for all funds and securities of the Corporation, to deposit funds of the Corporation in depositories selected in accordance with these Bylaws, to disburse such funds as ordered by the Board of Directors, to make proper accounts of such funds, and to render as required by the Board of Directors statements of all such transactions and of the financial condition of the Corporation.

The Assistant Treasurers shall perform such duties and possess such powers as the Board of Directors, the President or the Treasurer may from time to time prescribe. In the event of the absence, inability, or refusal to act of the Treasurer, the Assistant Treasurer, (or if there shall be more than one, the Assistant Treasurers in the order determined by the Board of Directors) shall perform the duties and exercise the powers of the Treasurer.






3.12    Chief Financial Officer. Unless the Board of Directors otherwise determines, the Treasurer shall be the Chief Financial Officer of the Corporation. The Chief Financial Officer shall, subject to the direction of the Board of Directors, have general charge and supervision of the financial affairs of the Corporation. The Chief Financial Officer shall perform such other duties and shall have such other powers as the Board of Directors may from time to time prescribe. If the Board of Directors appoints a Chief Financial Officer who is not the Treasurer, such Chief Financial Officer shall perform such duties and possess such powers as are assigned to him by the Board of Directors.

3.13    Salaries. Officers of the Corporation shall be entitled to such salaries, compensation or reimbursement as shall be fixed or allowed from time to time by the Board of Directors.

ARTICLE 4 - Capital Stock

4.1    Issuance of Stock. Unless otherwise voted by the stockholders and subject to the provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation and any Stockholders’ Agreement, the whole or any part of any unissued balance of the authorized capital stock of the Corporation or the whole or any part of any unissued balance of the authorized capital stock of the Corporation held in its treasury may be issued, sold, transferred or otherwise disposed of by vote of the Board of Directors in such manner, for such consideration and on such terms as the Board of Directors may determine.

4.2    Certificates of Stock. Every holder of stock of the Corporation shall be entitled to have a certificate, in such form as may be prescribed by law and by the Board of Directors, certifying the number and class of shares owned by him in the Corporation. Each such certificate shall be signed by, or in the name of the Corporation by, the Chairman or Vice-Chairman, if any, of the Board of Directors, or the President or a Vice President, and the Treasurer or an Assistant Treasurer, or the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Corporation. Any or all of the signatures on the certificate may be a facsimile.

Each certificate for shares of stock which are subject to any restriction on transfer pursuant to the Certificate of Incorporation, the Bylaws, applicable securities laws or any agreement among any number of stockholders or among such holders and the Corporation shall have conspicuously noted on the face or back of the certificate either the full text of the restriction or a statement of the existence of such restriction.

4.3    Transfers. Except as otherwise established by rules and regulations adopted by the Board of Directors, and subject to applicable law, shares of stock may be transferred on the books of the Corporation by the surrender to the Corporation or its transfer agent of the certificate representing such shares properly endorsed or accompanied by a written assignment or power of attorney properly executed, and with such proof of authority or the authenticity of signature as the Corporation or its transfer agent may reasonably require. Except as may be otherwise required by law, by the Certificate of Incorporation or by these Bylaws, the Corporation shall be entitled to treat the record holder of stock as shown on its books as the owner of such stock for all purposes, including the payment of dividends and the right to vote with respect to such stock, regardless of any transfer, pledge or other disposition of such stock until the shares have been transferred on the books of the Corporation in accordance with the requirements of these Bylaws.

4.4    Lost, Stolen or Destroyed Certificates. The Corporation may issue a new certificate of stock in place of any previously issued certificate alleged to have been lost, stolen, or destroyed, upon such terms and conditions as the Board of Directors may prescribe, including the presentation of reasonable evidence of such loss, theft or destruction and the giving of such indemnity as the Board of Directors may require for the protection of the Corporation or any transfer agent or registrar.

4.5    Record Date. The Board of Directors may fix in advance a date as a record date for the determination of the stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of stockholders or to express consent (or dissent) to corporate action in writing without a meeting, or entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of stock, or for the purpose of any other lawful action. Such record date shall not be more than sixty (60) nor less than ten (10) days before the date of such meeting, nor more than sixty (60) days prior to any other action to which such record date relates.






If no record date is fixed, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall be at the close of business on the day before the day on which notice is given, or, if notice is waived, at the close of business on the day before the day on which the meeting is held. The record date for determining stockholders entitled to express consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting, when no prior action by the Board of Directors is necessary, shall be the day on which the first written consent is expressed. The record date for determining stockholders for any other purpose shall be at the close of business on the day on which the Board of Directors adopts the resolution relating to such purpose.

A determination of stockholders of record entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment of the meeting; provided, however, that the Board of Directors may fix a new record date for the adjourned meeting.

ARTICLE 5 - Indemnification

5.1    Indemnification in Actions, Suits or Proceedings Other Than Those by or in the Right of the Corporation. (a) The Corporation shall indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding (whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative) by reason of the fact that such person is or was a director or officer of the Corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director or officer of another Corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise, against expenses (including attorneys' fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with such action, suit or proceeding, if such person acted in good faith and in a manner which such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Corporation, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe that such conduct was unlawful. The termination of any action, suit or proceeding by judgment, order, settlement, conviction, or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent, does not, of itself, create a presumption that the person did not act in good faith and in a manner which such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Corporation, or that, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had reasonable cause to believe that such conduct was unlawful.

(b) The Corporation may indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding (whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative) by reason of the fact that such person is or was an employee or agent of the Corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as an employee or agent of another Corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise, against expenses (including attorneys' fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with such action, suit or proceeding, if such person acted in good faith and in a manner which such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Corporation, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe that such conduct was unlawful. The termination of any action, suit or proceeding by judgment, order, settlement, conviction, or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent, shall not, of itself, create a presumption that the person did not act in good faith and in a manner which such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Corporation, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had reasonable cause to believe that such conduct was unlawful.

5.2    Indemnification in Actions, Suits or Proceedings by or in the Right of the Corporation. (a) The Corporation shall indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding by or in the right of the Corporation to procure a judgment in its favor by reason of the fact that such person is or was a director or officer of the Corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director of officer of another Corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise, against expenses (including attorneys' fees) actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with the defense or settlement of such action or suit if such person acted in good faith and in a manner which such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interest of the Corporation. No such indemnification shall be made in respect of any claim, issue or matter as to which such person shall have been adjudged to be liable to the Corporation unless and only to the extent that the court in which such action or suit was brought





shall determine upon application that, despite the adjudication of liability but in view of all the circumstances of the case, such person is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for such expenses which such court shall deem proper.

(b) The Corporation may indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding by or in the right of the Corporation to procure a judgment in its favor by reason of the fact that such person is or was an employee or agent of the Corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as an employee or agent of another Corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise, against expenses (including attorneys' fees) actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with the defense or settlement of such action or suit if such person acted in good faith and in a manner which such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Corporation. No such indemnification shall be made in respect of any claim, issue or matter as to which such person shall have been adjudged to be liable to the Corporation unless and only to the extent that the court in which such action or suit was brought shall determine upon application that, despite the adjudication of liability but in view of all the circumstances of the case, such person is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for such expenses which such court shall deem proper.

5.3    Authorization of Indemnification. Any indemnification under this Article 5 shall be made by the Corporation only as authorized in the specific case upon a determination that indemnification of the director, officer, employee or agent is proper in the circumstances because such person or persons have met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in Sections 5.1 and 5.2 hereof. Such determination shall be made (i) by a majority vote of the directors who are not parties to such action, suit or proceeding, even though less than a quorum, or (ii) if there are no such directors, or if such directors so direct, by independent legal counsel in a written opinion, or (iii) by the stockholders.

5.4    Advancement of Expenses. The Corporation shall, if so requested by an officer or director, advance expenses (including attorneys' fees) incurred by a director or officer in advance of the final disposition of such action, suit or proceeding upon the receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of the director of officer to repay such amount if it shall ultimately be determined that such director or officer is not entitled to indemnification.

The Corporation may advance expenses (including attorneys' fees) incurred by an employee or agent in advance of the final disposition of such action, suit or proceeding upon such terms and conditions, if any, as the Board of Directors deems appropriate.

5.5    Effect of Amendment. Any amendment, repeal or modification of any provision of this Article 5 shall be prospective only, and shall not adversely affect any right or protection conferred on a person pursuant to this Article 5 and existing at the time of such amendment, repeal or modification.

ARTICLE 6 - TRANSACTIONS WITH interested PARTIES

6.1    Interested Directors: Quorum. No contract or transaction between the Corporation and one or more of its directors or officers, or between the Corporation and any other Corporation, partnership, association or other organization in which one or more of its directors or officers are directors or officers, or have a financial interest, shall be void or voidable solely for this reason, or solely because the director or officer is present at or participates in the meeting of the Board or committee thereof that authorizes the contract or transaction, or solely because his, her or their votes are counted for such purpose, if: (i) the fact of the common directorship, office or financial interest is known to the board of directors or committee, and the directors or members of the committee, other than any common or interested directors or members of the committee, approve or ratify the contract or transaction in good faith; (ii) the fact of the common directorship, office or financial interest is known to the stockholders, and stockholders holding a majority of the voting power approve or ratify the contract or transaction in good faith (the votes of the common or interested directors or officers must be counted in any such vote of stockholders); (iii) the fact of the common directorship, office or financial interest is not known to the director or officer at the time the transaction is brought before the board of directors of the corporation for action; or (iv) the contract or transaction is fair as to the corporation at the time it is authorized or approved.






ARTICLE 7 - General Provisions

7.1    Fiscal Year. The fiscal year of the Corporation shall be the twelve months ending on December 31 of each calendar year.

7.2    Corporate Seal. The corporate seal shall be in such form as shall be approved by the Board of Directors.

7.3    Waiver of Notice. Whenever any notice whatsoever is required to be given by law, by the Certificate of Incorporation or by these Bylaws, a waiver of such notice either in writing signed by the person entitled to such notice or such person's duly authorized attorney, or by telegraph, cable or any other available method, whether before, at or after the time stated in such waiver, or the appearance of such person or persons at such meeting in person or by proxy, shall be deemed equivalent to such notice.

7.4    Voting of Securities. Except as the directors may otherwise designate, the President or Treasurer may waive notice of, and act as, or appoint any person or persons to act as, proxy or attorney-in-fact for this Corporation (with or without power of substitution) at any meeting of stockholders or stockholders of any other Corporation or organization, the securities of which may be held by this Corporation.

7.5    Evidence of Authority. A certificate by the Secretary, or an Assistant Secretary, or a temporary Secretary as to any action taken by the stockholders, directors, a committee or any officer or representative of the Corporation shall as to all persons who rely on the certificate in good faith be conclusive evidence of such action.

7.6    Certificate of Incorporation. All references in these Bylaws to the Certificate of Incorporation shall be deemed to refer to the Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation, as amended and in effect from time to time.

7.8    Severability. Any determination that any provision of these Bylaws is for any reason inapplicable, illegal or ineffective shall not affect or invalidate any other provision of these Bylaws.

7.9    Pronouns. All pronouns used in these Bylaws shall be deemed to refer to the masculine, feminine or neuter, singular or plural, as the identity of the person or persons may require.

ARTICLE 8 - Amendments

8.1    By the Board of Directors. Subject to the Certificate of Incorporation and any Stockholders’ Agreement, these Bylaws may be altered, amended or repealed or new Bylaws may be adopted by the affirmative vote of a majority of the directors present at any regular or special meeting of the Board of Directors at which a quorum is present.

8.2    By the Stockholders. Subject to the Certificate of Incorporation and any Stockholders’ Agreement, these Bylaws may be altered, amended or repealed or new Bylaws may be adopted at any regular meeting of stockholders, or at any special meeting of stockholders, provided notice of such alteration, amendment, repeal or adoption of new Bylaws shall have been stated in the notice of such special meeting, and shall be approved by an affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the shares of the Corporation's capital stock irrespective of class or series.