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Note 11 - Fair Value Measurements and Fair Values of Financial Instruments
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Notes to Financial Statements  
Fair Value Disclosures [Text Block]
Note
1
1
– Fair Value Measurements and Fair Values of Financial Instruments
 
Fair value estimates are based on quoted market prices, if available, quoted market prices of similar assets or liabilities, or the present value of expected future cash flows and other valuation techniques. These valuations are significantly affected by discount rates, cash flow assumptions, and risk assumptions used. Therefore, fair values estimates
may
not
be substantiated by comparison to independent markets and are
not
intended to reflect the proceeds that
may
be realizable in an immediate settlement of the instruments.
 
Fair value is determined at
one
point in time and is
not
representative of future value. These amounts do
not
reflect the total value of a going concern organization. Management does
not
have the intention to dispose of a significant portion of its assets and liabilities and therefore, the unrealized gains or losses should
not
be interpreted as a forecast of future earnings and cash flows.
 
The following disclosures show the hierarchal disclosure framework associated with the level of pricing observations utilized in measuring assets and liabilities at fair value. The
three
broad levels of pricing are as follows:
 
Level I:
Quoted prices are available in active markets for identical assets or liabilities as of the reported date.
 
Level II:
Pricing inputs are other than the quoted prices in active markets, which are either directly or indirectly observable as of the reported date. The nature of these assets and liabilities includes items for which quoted prices are available but traded less frequently and items that are fair-valued using other financial instruments, the parameters of which can be directly observed.
 
Level III:
Valuations derived from valuation techniques in which
one
or more significant inputs or significant value drivers are unobservable.
 
This hierarchy requires the use of observable market data when available.
 
The methods of determining the fair value of assets and liabilities presented in this note are consistent with our methodologies disclosed in Note
19
of the Company's
2019
Form
10
-K, as the fair value of loans, excluding previously presented impaired loans measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis, is estimated using discounted cash flow analyses. The discount rates used to determine fair value use interest rate spreads that reflect factors such as liquidity, credit and non-performance risk. Loans are considered a Level
3
classification.
 
The following is a discussion of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring and non-recurring basis and valuation techniques applied:
 
Investment Securities Available For Sale:
The fair value of securities available for sale are determined by obtaining quoted market prices on nationally recognized securities exchanges (Level
1
), or matrix pricing (Level
2
), which is a mathematical technique used widely in the industry to value debt securities without relying exclusively on quoted market prices for the specific securities but rather by relying on the securities' relationship to other benchmark quoted prices.
 
We
may
be required from time to time to measure certain assets at fair value on a nonrecurring basis in accordance with U.S. GAAP. These adjustments to fair value usually result from application of lower-of-cost-or-market accounting or write-downs of individual assets.
 
Impaired Loans:
Impaired loans are carried at the lower of cost or the fair value of the collateral for collateral-dependent loans less estimated costs to sell. Collateral is primarily in the form of real estate. The use of independent appraisals, discounted cash flow models and management's best judgment are significant inputs in arriving at the fair value measure of the underlying collateral and impaired loans are therefore classified within Level
3
of the fair value hierarchy.
 
Other Real Estate Owned:
Other real estate owned is carried at the lower of the investment in the real estate or the fair value of the real estate less estimated selling costs. The use of independent appraisals and management's best judgment are significant inputs in arriving at the fair value measure of the underlying collateral and therefore other real estate owned is classified within Level
3
of the fair value hierarchy.
 
The table below sets forth the financial assets and liabilities that were accounted for on a recurring and nonrecurring basis by level within the fair value hierarchy as of
September 30, 2020 (
in thousands):
 
   
September 30, 20
20
 
   
Fair Value Measurements Using:
 
   
Total Fair Value
   
Quoted Prices in
Active Markets for
Identical Assets
(Level 1)
   
Significant Other
Observable Inputs
(Level 2)
   
Unobservable Inputs
(Level 3)
 
Recurring fair value measurements
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investment securities available for sale:
                               
Governmental National Mortgage Association mortgage-backed securities
  $
5,163
    $
-
    $
5,163
    $
-
 
Federal National Mortgage Association mortgage- backed securities
   
200
     
-
     
200
     
-
 
Corporate notes
   
5,587
     
-
     
5,587
     
-
 
Total investment securities available for sale
  $
10,950
    $
-
    $
10,950
    $
-
 
Total recurring fair value measurements
  $
10,950
    $
-
    $
10,950
    $
-
 
                                 
Nonrecurring fair value measurements
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Impaired loans
  $
321
    $
-
    $
-
    $
321
 
Other Real Estate Owned
   
389
     
-
     
-
     
389
 
Total nonrecurring fair value measurements
  $
710
    $
-
    $
-
    $
710
 
 
The table below sets forth the financial assets and liabilities that were accounted for on a recurring and nonrecurring basis by level within the fair value hierarchy as of
December 31, 2019 (
in thousands):
 
   
December 31, 2019
 
   
Fair Value Measurements Using:
 
   
Total Fair Value
   
Quoted Prices in
Active Markets for
Identical Assets
(Level 1)
   
Significant Other
Observable Inputs
(Level 2)
   
Unobservable Inputs
(Level 3)
 
Recurring fair value measurements:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investment securities available for sale
                               
Governmental National Mortgage Association mortgage-backed securities
  $
5,853
    $
-
    $
5,853
    $
-
 
Federal National Mortgage Association mortgage- backed securities
   
260
     
-
     
260
     
-
 
Corporate notes
   
1,510
     
-
     
1,510
     
-
 
Total investment securities available for sale
  $
7,623
    $
-
    $
7,623
    $
-
 
Total recurring fair value measurements
  $
7,623
    $
-
    $
7,623
    $
-
 
                                 
Nonrecurring fair value measurements
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Impaired loans
  $
319
    $
-
    $
-
    $
319
 
Other Real Estate Owned
   
1,824
     
-
     
-
     
1,824
 
Total nonrecurring fair value measurements
  $
2,143
    $
-
    $
-
    $
2,143
 
 
 
The following table presents additional quantitative information about assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis and for which the Company has used Level
3
inputs to determine fair value as of
September 30, 2020
and
December 31, 2019 (
in thousands):
 
   
September 30, 2020
 
   
Quantitative Information About Level 3 Fair Value Measurements
 
   
Total Fair Value
 
Valuation Techniques
Unobservable Input
 
Range (Weighted Average)
 
Impaired loans
  $
321
 
Appraisal of collateral (1)
Appraisal adjustments (2)
   
0%
-
0%
(0%)
 
                           
Other real estate owned
  $
389
 
Appraisal of collateral (1)
Appraisal adjustments (2)
   
0%
-
12%
(12%)
 
 
 
   
December 31, 2019
 
   
Quantitative Information About Level 3 Fair Value Measurements
 
   
Total Fair Value
 
Valuation Techniques
Unobservable Input
 
Range (Weighted Average)
 
 
 
Impaired loans
  $
319
 
Appraisal of collateral (1)
Appraisal adjustments (2)
   
0%
 -
3%
(1%)
 
                           
Other real estate owned
  $
1,824
 
Appraisal of collateral (1)
Appraisal adjustments (2)
   
0%
 -
 12%
(12%)
 
 
________________
 
(
1
)
Fair value is generally determined through independent appraisals of the underlying collateral, which generally include various Level
3
inputs which are identifiable.
 
(
2
)
Appraisals
may
be adjusted by management for qualitative factors such as economic conditions and estimated liquidation expenses. The range and weighted average of liquidation expenses and other appraisal adjustments are presented as a percentage of the appraisal.
 
The estimated fair values of the Company's financial instruments that are
not
required to be measured or reported at fair value were as follows at
September 30, 2020
and
December 
31,
2019
(in thousands):
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fair Value Measurements at
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
September 30, 2020
 
   
Carrying
Amount
   
Fair Value
Estimate
   
Quoted Prices in
Active Markets
for Identical Assets
(Level 1)
   
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
   
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
 
Financial Assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investment in interest-earning time deposits
  $
9,463
    $
9,781
    $
-
    $
-
    $
9,781
 
Loans held for sale
   
30,986
     
31,957
     
-
     
31,957
     
-
 
Loans receivable, net
   
345,060
     
349,758
     
-
     
-
     
349,758
 
                                         
Financial Liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Deposits
   
299,043
     
302,985
     
98,600
     
-
     
204,385
 
FHLB long-term borrowings
   
29,193
     
29,291
     
-
     
-
     
29,291
 
FRB long-term borrowings
   
48,834
     
48,823
     
-
     
-
     
48,823
 
Subordinated debt
   
7,890
     
8,014
     
-
     
-
     
8,014
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fair Value Measurements at
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2019
 
   
Carrying
Amount
   
Fair Value
Estimate
   
Quoted Prices in
Active Markets
for Identical Assets
(Level 1)
   
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
   
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
 
Financial Assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investment in interest-earning time deposits
  $
10,172
    $
10,536
    $
--
    $
--
    $
10,536
 
Loans held for sale
   
8,928
     
9,205
     
--
     
9,205
     
--
 
Loans receivable, net
   
246,692
     
250,550
     
--
     
--
     
250,550
 
                                         
Financial Liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Deposits
   
227,458
     
230,521
     
43,006
     
--
     
187,515
 
FHLB long-term borrowings
   
26,271
     
26,292
     
--
     
--
     
26,292
 
Subordinated debt
   
7,865
     
8,146
     
--
     
--
     
8,146
 
 
For cash and cash equivalents, accrued interest receivable, investment in FHLB stock, bank-owned life insurance, FHLB short-term borrowings, accrued interest payable, and advances from borrowers for taxes and insurance, the carrying value is a reasonable estimate of the fair value and are considered Level
1
measurements.