<?xml version="1.0"?>
<ownershipDocument>

    <schemaVersion>X0306</schemaVersion>

    <documentType>4</documentType>

    <periodOfReport>2016-10-25</periodOfReport>

    <notSubjectToSection16>0</notSubjectToSection16>

    <issuer>
        <issuerCik>0001390478</issuerCik>
        <issuerName>Galena Biopharma, Inc.</issuerName>
        <issuerTradingSymbol>GALE</issuerTradingSymbol>
    </issuer>

    <reportingOwner>
        <reportingOwnerId>
            <rptOwnerCik>0001311726</rptOwnerCik>
            <rptOwnerName>Knapp Thomas J</rptOwnerName>
        </reportingOwnerId>
        <reportingOwnerAddress>
            <rptOwnerStreet1>C/O GALENA BIOPHARMA, INC.</rptOwnerStreet1>
            <rptOwnerStreet2>2000 CROW CANYON PL., SUITE 380</rptOwnerStreet2>
            <rptOwnerCity>SAN RAMON</rptOwnerCity>
            <rptOwnerState>CA</rptOwnerState>
            <rptOwnerZipCode>94583</rptOwnerZipCode>
            <rptOwnerStateDescription></rptOwnerStateDescription>
        </reportingOwnerAddress>
        <reportingOwnerRelationship>
            <isDirector>0</isDirector>
            <isOfficer>1</isOfficer>
            <isTenPercentOwner>0</isTenPercentOwner>
            <isOther>0</isOther>
            <officerTitle>General Counsel</officerTitle>
        </reportingOwnerRelationship>
    </reportingOwner>

    <derivativeTable>
        <derivativeTransaction>
            <securityTitle>
                <value>Stock Option (right to buy)</value>
                <footnoteId id="F1"/>
            </securityTitle>
            <conversionOrExercisePrice>
                <value>0.29</value>
            </conversionOrExercisePrice>
            <transactionDate>
                <value>2016-10-25</value>
            </transactionDate>
            <transactionCoding>
                <transactionFormType>4</transactionFormType>
                <transactionCode>A</transactionCode>
                <equitySwapInvolved>0</equitySwapInvolved>
            </transactionCoding>
            <transactionTimeliness>
                <value></value>
            </transactionTimeliness>
            <transactionAmounts>
                <transactionShares>
                    <value>102000</value>
                    <footnoteId id="F2"/>
                </transactionShares>
                <transactionPricePerShare>
                    <value>0</value>
                </transactionPricePerShare>
                <transactionAcquiredDisposedCode>
                    <value>A</value>
                </transactionAcquiredDisposedCode>
            </transactionAmounts>
            <exerciseDate>
                <footnoteId id="F3"/>
            </exerciseDate>
            <expirationDate>
                <value>2026-10-25</value>
            </expirationDate>
            <underlyingSecurity>
                <underlyingSecurityTitle>
                    <value>Common Stock</value>
                </underlyingSecurityTitle>
                <underlyingSecurityShares>
                    <value>102000</value>
                </underlyingSecurityShares>
            </underlyingSecurity>
            <postTransactionAmounts>
                <sharesOwnedFollowingTransaction>
                    <value>102000</value>
                </sharesOwnedFollowingTransaction>
            </postTransactionAmounts>
            <ownershipNature>
                <directOrIndirectOwnership>
                    <value>D</value>
                </directOrIndirectOwnership>
            </ownershipNature>
        </derivativeTransaction>
    </derivativeTable>

    <footnotes>
        <footnote id="F1">Granted pursuant to the Issuer's 2016 Incentive Plan.</footnote>
        <footnote id="F2">The Reporting Person obtained the securities pursuant to an Employment Agreement Amendment dated October 1, 2016. The securities were convertible into common stock at the rate of 1 share of common stock for each 1 stock option share, or an aggregate of 102,000 shares of common stock (pre-reverse stock split). The securities were converted into 5,100 stock options at a price of $5.744 per share (post-reverse split) as of November 14, 2016.</footnote>
        <footnote id="F3">This stock option vests in equal monthly installments beginning November 25, 2016 and ending March 31, 2017.</footnote>
    </footnotes>

    <ownerSignature>
        <signatureName>Thomas J. Knapp</signatureName>
        <signatureDate>2016-12-20</signatureDate>
    </ownerSignature>
</ownershipDocument>
