(5) Net Investment in Direct Finance Leases

The following table represents the components of the Company’s net investment in direct finance leases (in thousands):



	June 30,		December 31,
	2018		2017
Gross finance lease receivables (1)	$	473,327	$	412,489
Unearned income (2)		(143,540)		(135,976)
Net investment in direct finance leases	$	329,787	$	276,513

(1)

At the inception of the lease, the Company records the total minimum lease payments, executory costs, if any, and unguaranteed residual value as gross finance lease receivables. The gross finance lease receivables are reduced as customer payments are received. There was $37.9 million and $34.4 million unguaranteed residual value at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively, included in gross finance lease receivables. There were no executory costs included in gross finance lease receivables as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017.

(2)

The difference between the gross finance lease receivables and the cost of the equipment or carrying amount at the lease inception is recorded as unearned income. Unearned income, together with initial direct costs, are amortized to income over the lease term so as to produce a constant periodic rate of return. There were no unamortized initial direct costs as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017.

In order to estimate the allowance for losses contained in gross finance lease receivables, the Company reviews the credit worthiness of its customers on an ongoing basis. The review includes monitoring credit quality indicators, the aging of customer receivables and general economic conditions.

The categories of gross finance lease receivables based on the Company's internal customer credit ratings can be described as follows:

Tier 1— These customers are typically large international shipping lines that have been in business for many years and have world-class operating capabilities and significant financial resources. In most cases, the Company has had a long commercial relationship with these customers and currently maintains regular communication with them at several levels of management, which provides the Company with insight into the customer's current operating and financial performance. In the Company's view, these customers have the greatest ability to withstand cyclical down turns and would likely have greater access to needed capital than lower-rated customers. The Company views the risk of default for Tier 1 customers to range from minimal to moderate.

Tier 2— These customers are typically either smaller shipping lines or freight forwarders with less operating scale or with a high degree of financial leverage, and accordingly the Company views these customers as subject to higher volatility in financial performance over the business cycle. The Company generally expects these customers to have less access to capital markets or other sources of financing during cyclical down turns. The Company views the risk of default for Tier 2 customers as moderate.

Tier 3— Customers in this category exhibit volatility in payments on a regular basis.

Based on the above categories, the Company's gross finance lease receivables were as follows (in thousands):



	June 30,		December 31,
	2018		2017
Tier 1	$	414,440	$	366,629
Tier 2		58,887		45,860
Tier 3		-		-
	$	473,327	$	412,489

Contractual maturities of the Company's gross finance lease receivables subsequent to June 30, 2018 for the years ending June 30 are as follows (in thousands):


2019	$	80,710
2020		63,856
2021		53,202
2022		47,925
2023		40,583
2024 and thereafter		187,051
	$	473,327