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NOTE 1 - SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2016
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Significant Accounting Policies [Text Block]
NOTE 1 — SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

A summary of the significant accounting policies applied in the presentation of the accompanying unaudited condensed financial statements follows:

General

The accompanying unaudited condensed financial statements of U.S. Stem Cell, Inc., (the “Company”), have been prepared in accordance with the rules and regulations (Regulation S-X) of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) and with the instructions to Form 10-Q. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements.

In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. The results from operations for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2016 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ended December 31, 2016. The unaudited condensed financial statements should be read in conjunction with the December 31, 2015 audited financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Basis and business presentation

U.S. Stem Cell, Inc. was incorporated under the laws of the State of Florida in August, 1999. The Company is in the cardiovascular sector of the cell technology industry delivering cell therapies and biologics that help address congestive heart failure, lower limb ischemia, chronic heart ischemia, acute myocardial infarctions and other issues. The business includes the development of proprietary cell therapy products as well as revenue generating physician and patient based regenerative medicine/cell therapy training services, cell collection and cell storage services, the sale of cell collection and treatment kits for humans and animals, and the operation of a cell therapy clinic. To date, the Company has not generated significant sales revenues in that they remain less than their total operating expenses, has incurred expenses, and has sustained losses. Consequently, its operations are subject to all the risks inherent in the establishment of a research and development business enterprise.

Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification subtopic 605-10, Revenue Recognition (“ASC 605-10”) which requires that four basic criteria must be met before revenue can be recognized: (1) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists; (2) delivery has occurred; (3) the selling price is fixed and determinable; and (4) collectability is reasonably assured. Determination of criteria (3) and (4) are based on management’s judgments regarding the fixed nature of the selling prices of the products delivered and the collectability of those amounts. Provisions for discounts and rebates to customers, estimated returns and allowances, and other adjustments are provided for in the same period the related sales are recorded.

At the time of each transaction, management assesses whether the fee associated with the transaction is fixed or determinable and whether or not collection is reasonably assured. The assessment of whether the fee is fixed or determinable is based upon the payment terms of the transaction. Collectability is assessed based on a number of factors, including past transaction history with the client and the creditworthiness of the client.

The Company’s primary sources of revenue are from the sale of test kits and equipment, training services, patient treatments and laboratory services, and cell banking. 

Revenues for kits and equipment sold are not recorded until kits and equipment are shipped. Revenues from trainings are recognized when the training occurs. Any cash received as a deposit for trainings are recorded by the company as a liability.

Patient treatments and laboratory services revenue are recognized when those services have been completed or satisfied.

Revenues for cell banking sales are accounted for as Multiple-Element Arrangements under ASC 605-10 which incorporates Accounting Standards Codification subtopic 605-25, Multiple-Element Arrangements (“ASC 605-25”). ASC 605-25 addresses accounting for arrangements that may involve the delivery or performance of multiple products, services and/or rights to use assets. Because the Company sells its services separately, on more than a limited basis and at a price within a narrow range, the Company was able to allocate revenue based on vendor-specific objective evidence of fair value (VSOE).

At September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the Company had deferred revenues of $98,699 and $71,961, respectively.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Significant estimates include the fair value of the Company’s stock, stock-based compensation, fair values relating to derivative liabilities, debt discounts and the valuation allowance related to deferred tax assets. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

Accounts Receivable

Trade receivables are carried at their estimated collectible amounts. Trade credit is generally extended on a short-term basis; thus trade receivables do not bear interest. Trade accounts receivable are periodically evaluated for collectability based on past credit history with customers and their current financial condition.

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

Any charges to the allowance for doubtful accounts on accounts receivable are charged to operations in amounts sufficient to maintain the allowance for uncollectible accounts at a level management believes is adequate to cover any probable losses. Management determines the adequacy of the allowance based on historical write-off percentages and the current status of accounts receivable. Accounts receivable are charged off against the allowance when collectability is determined to be permanently impaired. As of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, allowance for doubtful accounts was $15,306 and $-0-, respectively.

Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market with cost being determined on a first-in, first-out (FIFO) basis. The Company writes down its inventory for estimated obsolescence or unmarketable inventory equal to the difference between the cost of inventory and the estimated market value based upon assumptions about future demand and market conditions. If actual market conditions are less favorable than those projected by management, additional inventory write-downs may be required. During the periods presented, there were no inventory write-downs.

Investments

The Company has adopted Accounting Standards Codification subtopic 323-10, Investments-Equity Methods and Joint Ventures (“ASC 323-10) which requires the accounting for investments where the Company can exert significant influence, but not control of a joint venture or equity investment. The Company accounted for its 33 percent ownership of U.S. Stem Cell Clinic, LLC utilizing the equity method of accounting. (See Note 3)

Stock based compensation

The Company measures the cost of services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on the fair value of the award. For employees and directors, the fair value of the award is measured on the grant date and for non-employees, the fair value of the award is generally re-measured on vesting dates and interim financial reporting dates until the service period is complete. The fair value amount is then recognized over the period during which services are required to be provided in exchange for the award, usually the vesting period. Stock-based compensation expense is recorded by the Company in the same expense classifications in the statements of operations, as if such amounts were paid in cash. As of September 30, 2016, there were outstanding stock options to purchase 23,555,777 shares of common stock, 8,376,579 shares of which were vested.

Net Loss per Share

The Company computes basic net loss per share by dividing net loss per share available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period, adjusted to give effect to the 1,000-for-1 reverse stock split, which was effective in the market on November 5, 2015. Diluted earnings per share, if presented, would include the dilution that would occur upon the exercise or conversion of all potentially dilutive securities into common stock using the “treasury stock” and/or “if converted” methods as applicable. The computation of basic and diluted loss per share for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015 excludes potentially dilutive securities when their inclusion would be anti-dilutive, or if their exercise prices were greater than the average market price of the common stock during the period.

Potentially dilutive securities excluded from the computation of basic and diluted net loss per share are as follows:

 
 
September 30,
2016
   
September 30,
2015
 
Convertible debt
   
147,287,847
     
371,441
 
Series A convertible preferred stock
   
20,000,000
     
20,000,000
 
Options to purchase common stock
   
23,555,777
     
73,804
 
Warrants to purchase common stock
   
139,145
     
138,739
 
Totals
   
190,982,769
     
20,583,984
 

Treasury Stock

The Company uses the cost method when it purchases its own common stock as treasury shares and displays treasury stock as a reduction of shareholders’ equity.

Concentrations of Credit Risk

The Company’s financial instruments that are exposed to a concentration of credit risk are cash and accounts receivable. Generally, the Company’s cash and cash equivalents in interest-bearing accounts does not exceed FDIC insurance limits. The financial stability of these institutions is periodically reviewed by senior management.

As of September 30, 2016, five customers represented 22%, 18%, 13%, 10% and 10%, respectively, representing an aggregate of 73% of the Company’s accounts receivable. As of December 31, 2015, three customers represented 32%, 18% and 16% respectively, representing an aggregate of 66% of the Company’s accounts receivable.

For the three months ended September 30, 2016, the Company’s revenues earned from the sale of products and services were $729,813, of which one customer represented 18% of the Company’s revenues. For the three months ended September 30, 2015, the Company’s revenues earned from the sale of products and services were $557,612, of which one customer represented 11% of the Company’s revenues.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2016, the Company’s revenues earned from the sale of products and services were $2,097,341, of which one customer represented 13% of the Company’s revenues. For the nine months ended September 30, 2015, the Company’s revenues earned from the sale of products and services were $1,612,476, of which no customers represented 10% or more of the Company’s revenues.

Research and Development

The Company accounts for research and development costs in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification subtopic 730-10, Research and Development (“ASC 730-10”). Under ASC 730-10, all research and development costs must be charged to expense as incurred. Accordingly, internal research and development costs are expensed as incurred. Third-party research and development costs are expensed when the contracted work has been performed or as milestone results have been achieved as defined under the applicable agreement. Company-sponsored research and development costs related to both present and future products are expensed in the period incurred. The Company incurred research and development expenses of $1,847 and $9,313 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, respectively; and $12,764 and $39,696 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015, respectively.

Fair Value

Accounting Standards Codification subtopic 825-10, Financial Instruments (“ASC 825-10”) requires disclosure of the fair value of certain financial instruments. The carrying value of cash and cash equivalents, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, and short-term borrowings, as reflected in the balance sheets, approximate fair value because of the short-term maturity of these instruments. All other significant financial assets, financial liabilities and equity instruments of the Company are either recognized or disclosed in the financial statements together with other information relevant for making a reasonable assessment of future cash flows, interest rate risk and credit risk. Where practicable the fair values of financial assets and financial liabilities have been determined and disclosed; otherwise only available information pertinent to fair value has been disclosed.

The Company follows Accounting Standards Codification subtopic 820-10, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (“ASC 820-10”) and Accounting Standards Codification subtopic 825-10, Financial Instruments (“ASC 825-10”), which permits entities to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value.

Derivative Instrument Liability

The Company accounts for derivative instruments in accordance with ASC 815, which establishes accounting and reporting standards for derivative instruments and hedging activities, including certain derivative instruments embedded in other financial instruments or contracts and requires recognition of all derivatives on the balance sheet at fair value, regardless of hedging relationship designation. Accounting for changes in fair value of the derivative instruments depends on whether the derivatives qualify as hedge relationships and the types of relationships designated are based on the exposures hedged. At September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the Company did not have any derivative instruments that were designated as hedges.

At September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the Company had outstanding convertible notes and warrants that contained embedded derivatives. These embedded derivatives include certain conversion features and reset provisions. (See Note 6 and Note 8).

Income Taxes

The Company follows Accounting Standards Codification subtopic 740-10, Income Taxes (“ASC 740-10”) for recording the provision for income taxes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are computed based upon the difference between the financial statement and income tax basis of assets and liabilities using the enacted marginal tax rate applicable when the related asset or liability is expected to be realized or settled. Deferred income tax expenses or benefits are based on the changes in the asset or liability during each period. If available evidence suggests that it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized, a valuation allowance is required to reduce the deferred tax assets to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized. Future changes in such valuation allowance are included in the provision for deferred income taxes in the period of change. Deferred income taxes may arise from temporary differences resulting from income and expense items reported for financial accounting and tax purposes in different periods.

Deferred taxes are classified as current or non-current, depending on the classification of assets and liabilities to which they relate.  Deferred taxes arising from temporary differences that are not related to an asset or liability are classified as current or non-current depending on the periods in which the temporary differences are expected to reverse and are considered immaterial.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

There are various other updates recently issued, most of which represented technical corrections to the accounting literature or application to specific industries and are not expected to a have a material impact on the Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Reclassification

Certain reclassifications have been made to prior periods’ data to conform to the current year’s presentation. These reclassifications had no effect on reported income or losses. 

Subsequent Events

The Company evaluates events that have occurred after the balance sheet date but before the financial statements are issued.  Based upon the evaluation, the Company did not identify any recognized or non-recognized subsequent events that would have required adjustment or disclosure in the condensed consolidated financial statements, except as disclosed.