Note 6 – Redeemable Preferred Stock and Stock Option Agreement

Securities Option Agreement:

On June 30, 2012, we executed Securities Option Agreement with Vicis Capital Master Fund (“Vicis”) whereby Vicis grants us an option to purchase and redeem all securities and debentures then held by Vicis. The option becomes exercisable on the date that all principal and accrued interest on all debentures has been paid in full, and may be exercised at any time after initial exercise date through and including December 31, 2013 (expiration date).

Upon exercise of the “option” the redemption price for the securities shall be an amount equal to $16,000,000 minus the sum of principal and accrued interest paid on all debentures then outstanding.

In addition, upon exercise of the option, any and all unpaid dividends on the securities shall be surrendered and cancelled without payment of additional consideration.

Redeemable preferred stock consists of the following as of:	June 30, 2013		December 31, 2012
Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share, stated value $10,000 per share; 500 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2013; redemption value $5,000,000, and 500 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2012; redemption value $5,000,000.
Initial carrying value	$	13,246,609	$	13,246,609
Accumulated accretion		(8,246,609)		(6,867,593)
Carrying values	$	5,000,000	$	6,379,016

Our Series A Convertible Preferred Stock became mandatory redeemable for cash of $5,000,000 on June 30, 2011. On that date, after negotiations with our preferred investors, we modified the underlying Certificate of Designation solely to extend the mandatory redemption date to July 1, 2013 (extended to December 31, 2013). In considering all facts and circumstances, including the changes in future cash flows and the fair value of the embedded conversion feature, we concluded that the modification to the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock was substantial, thus warranting accounting analogous to extinguishment accounting for debt wherein the fair value of the amended contracts replace the carrying value of the original contracts. The difference between those two amounts in the case of preferred stock is recorded in stockholders equity.

We first accreted the Series A Convertible to the June 30, 2011 redemption date with a charge to paid-in capital (in the absence of accumulated earning) in the amount of $2,442,686. The accretion adjustment resulted in a carrying value of our redeemable preferred stock in the amount of $5,000,000. We then adjusted the compound embedded derivative that had been carried in liabilities at fair value on the modification date, which resulted in a reduction credit of $2,500,000 and was recorded in income. The derivative fair value adjustment resulted in a carrying value of $8,800,000. Therefore, the combined carrying value of the Series A Convertible Preferred immediately preceding the modification amounted to $13,800,000. We computed the fair value using a combination of the forward cash flow, at risk adjusted discount rates, plus the fair value of the embedded conversion feature using Monte Carlo Simulation (“MCS”) techniques. The value of the preferred stock on this basis amounted to $13,246,609. As a result, our calculation of the extinguishment resulted in a credit to paid-in capital in the amount of $553,391.

The discount rate that we used to present value future cash flows from the modified preferred stock amounted to 7.75%.

This rate was developed using bond curves for companies with similar high-risk credit ratings, plus a risk free rate of 0.50% representing the yield on zero coupon government securities with two year remaining terms. Material inputs into the MCS included volatilities ranging from 89.9% to 105.3%, a market interest rate equal to the contractual coupon of 12%, and credit adjusted yields ranging from 7.19% to 7.75%.

On February 24, 2010, we designated 500 shares of our authorized preferred stock as Series A Convertible Preferred Stock; par value $0.001 per share, stated value $10,000 per share (“Preferred Stock”). The Preferred Stock is redeemable for cash on June 30, 2011 at the stated value, plus accrued and unpaid dividends. Dividends accrue, whether or not declared, at a rate of 12% of the stated value. The Preferred Stock is convertible into common stock at the holder’s option at $0.25 based upon the stated value (20,000,000 linked common shares). Such conversion rate is subject to adjustment for traditional reorganizations and re-capitalization and in the event that we sell common stock or other equity-linked instruments below the conversion price. Holders of the Preferred Stock are entitled to a preference equal to the stated value, plus accrued and unpaid dividends. While the Preferred Stock is outstanding, holders vote the number of indexed common shares.

We sold 300 shares of Series A Preferred on February 24, 2010, with warrants to purchase 12,000,000 shares of our common stock for proceeds of $3,000,000. We sold 200 shares of Series A Preferred on October 25, 2010, with warrants to purchase 8,000,000 shares of our common stock for proceeds of $2,000,000.

Our accounting for the Preferred Stock and warrant financing transaction required us to evaluate the classification of the embedded conversion feature and the warrants. As a prerequisite to establishing the classification of the embedded conversion option, we were required to determine the nature of the hybrid Preferred Stock contract based upon its risks as either a debt-type or equity-type contract. The presence of the mandatory cash redemption and the requirement to accrue dividends were persuasive evidence that the Preferred Stock was more akin to a debt than an equity contract, with insufficient evidence to the contrary (e.g. voting privilege). Given that the embedded conversion feature, when evaluated as embodied in a debt-type contract, did not meet the definition for an instrument indexed to a company’s own stock, the embedded conversion feature required bifurcation and classification in liabilities, at fair value. Similarly, the warrants did not meet the definition for an instrument indexed to a company’s own stock, resulting in their classification in liabilities, at fair value.

The following table reflects the allocation of the purchase price on the financing date:

Allocation:	October 25, 2010		February 24, 2010
Redeemable preferred Stock	$	624,000	$	-
Warrants		936,000		5,062,800
Compound embedded derivative		440,000		4,260,000
Derivative loss, included in derivative income (expense)		-		(6,322,800)
	$	2,000,000	$	3,000,000

Warrants issued with the February 24, 2010 financing were valued on the financing date using the Black-Scholes-Merton valuation technique. Significant assumptions were as follows: Market value of underlying, using the trading market of $0.58; expected term, using the contractual term of 5.0 years; market volatility, using a peer group of 90.20%; and, risk free rate, using the yield on zero coupon government instruments of 2.40%. Warrants issued with the October 25, 2010 financing were valued on the financing date and subsequently using Binomial Lattice. Significant assumptions were as follows: Market value of the underlying, using the trading market of $0.26; market volatility, using a peer group ranged from 76.06% to 99.78% with an equivalent volatility of 89.40%; and risk free rate using the yield on zero coupon government instruments ranging from 0.12% to 2.01% with an equivalent rate of 0.66%. The implied expected life of the warrant is 4.7 years.

The compound embedded derivative was valued using the Monte Carlo Simulations (“MCS”) technique. The MSC technique is a generally accepted valuation technique for valuing embedded conversion features in hybrid convertible notes, because it is an open-ended valuation model that embodies all significant assumption types, and ranges of assumption inputs that management of the Company believe would likely be considered in connection with the arms-length negotiation related to the transference of the instrument by market participants. However, there may be other circumstances or considerations, other than those addressed herein, that relate to both internal and external factors that would be considered by market participants as it relates specifically to the Company and the subject financial instruments.

Given its redeemable nature, we are required to classify our Series A Preferred Stock outside of stockholders’ equity. Further, the inception date carrying value is subject to accretion to its ultimate redemption value over the term to redemption, using the effective method. During the period from its issuance to September 30, 2010, we accreted $224,969, which was reflected as a charge to paid-in capital in the absence of accumulated earnings.