Financial Instruments

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2021

Derivatives

Our primary market exposure is to interest rate risk, specifically U.S. treasury and mortgage interest rates, due to their impact on mortgage-related assets and commitments. We use forward sales commitments on whole loans and mortgage-backed securities to manage and reduce this risk. We do not have any derivative instruments designated as hedging instruments.

Forward Sales Commitments—We are exposed to interest rate and price risk on loans held for sale from the funding date until the date the loan is sold. Forward sales commitments on whole loans and mortgage-backed securities are used to fix the forward sales price that will be realized at the sale of each loan.

Interest Rate Lock Commitments—IRLCs represent an agreement to extend credit to a mortgage loan applicant. We commit (subject to loan approval) to fund the loan at the specified rate, regardless of changes in market interest rates between the commitment date and the funding date. Outstanding IRLCs are subject to interest rate risk and related price risk during the period from the date of commitment through the loan funding date or expiration date. Loan commitments generally range between 30 and 90 days and the borrower is not obligated to obtain the loan. Therefore, IRLCs are subject to fallout risk, which occurs when approved borrowers choose not to close on the underlying loans. We review our commitment-to-closing ratio ("pull-through rate") as part of an estimate of the number of mortgage loans that will fund according to the IRLCs.


Notional Amounts	March 31, 2021		December 31, 2020

Forward sales commitments	$	105,107	$	130,109
IRLCs	111,753		88,923

The locations and amounts of gains (losses) recognized in income related to our derivatives are as follows:


		Three Months Ended March 31,
Instrument	Classification	2021		2020

Forward sales commitments	Service revenue	$	1,928	$	(1,571)
IRLCs	Service revenue	166		1,195

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

A summary of assets and liabilities related to our financial instruments, measured at fair value on a recurring basis and as reflected in our consolidated balance sheets, is set forth below:


	Balance at March 31, 2021		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)

Assets
Cash equivalents
Money market funds	$	612,590	$	612,590	$	—	$	—
U.S. treasury securities	4,912		4,912		—		—
Total cash equivalents	617,502		617,502		—		—
Short-term investments
U.S. treasury securities	140,843		140,843		—		—
Loans held for sale	43,447		—		43,447		—
Other current assets
Forward sales commitments	1,465		—		1,465		—
IRLCs	2,146		—		—		2,146
Total other current assets	3,611		—		1,465		2,146
Long-term investments
Agency bonds	6,906		6,906		—		—
Total assets	$	812,309	$	765,251	$	44,912	$	2,146
Liabilities
Accrued liabilities
Forward sales commitments	$	10	$	—	$	10	$	—
IRLCs	209		—		—		209
Total liabilities	$	219	$	—	$	10	$	209


	Balance at December 31, 2020		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)

Assets
Cash equivalents
Money market funds	$	886,261	$	886,261	$	—	$	—
U.S. treasury securities	6,100		6,100		—		—
Total cash equivalents	892,361		892,361		—		—
Short-term investments
U.S. treasury securities	131,561		131,561		—		—
Loans held for sale	42,539		—		42,539		—
Other current assets
Forward sales commitments	34		—		34		—
IRLCs	1,781		—		—		1,781
Total other current assets	1,815		—		34		1,781
Long-term investments
Agency bonds	11,922		11,922		—		—
Total assets	$	1,080,198	$	1,035,844	$	42,573	$	1,781
Liabilities
Accrued liabilities
Forward sales commitments	$	507	$	—	$	507	$	—
IRLCs	10		—		—		10
Total liabilities	$	517	$	—	$	507	$	10

There were no transfers into or out of Level 3 financial instruments during the periods presented.

The significant unobservable input used in the fair value measurement of IRLCs is the pull-through rate. Significant changes in the input could result in a significant change in fair value measurement. The pull-through rate used to determine the fair value of IRLCs was as follows:

Key Inputs

Valuation Technique

March 31, 2021

December 31, 2020

Weighted-average pull-through rate

Market pricing

72.8%

72.3%

The following is a summary of changes in the fair value of IRLCs for the three months ended March 31, 2021:


Balance, net—January 1, 2021	$	1,771
Issuances of IRLCs	5,504
Settlements of IRLCs	(5,139)
Net loss recognized in earnings	(199)
Balance, net—March 31, 2021	$	1,937

Changes in fair value recognized during the period relating to assets still held at March 31, 2021	$	166

The following table presents the carrying amounts and estimated fair values of our 2023 notes, 2025 notes, and our 2027 notes that are not recorded at fair value on our consolidated balance sheets:


	March 31, 2021				December 31, 2020
Issuance	Net Carrying Amount		Estimated Fair Value		Net Carrying Amount		Estimated Fair Value

2023 notes	$	23,428	$	53,683	$	22,482	$	59,894
2025 notes	648,713		772,651		488,268		802,083
2027 notes	488,261		510,340		—		—

The difference between the principal amounts and unsettled conversions of our 2023 notes, our 2025 notes, and our 2027 notes, which were $23,777, $661,250, and $500,000, respectively, and the net carrying amounts of the notes represents the unamortized debt issuance costs (see Note 15 for additional details). The estimated fair value of each tranche of convertible senior notes is based on the closing trading price of the notes on the last day of trading for the period, and is classified as Level 2 within the fair value hierarchy, due to the limited trading activity of the notes. As of March 31, 2021, the difference between the net carrying amount of the notes and their estimated fair values represented the equity conversion value premium the market assigned to the notes. Based on the closing price of our common stock of $66.59 on March 31, 2021, the if-converted value of the 2023 notes exceeded the principal amount of $23,777, while the if-converted values of the 2025 notes and 2027 notes were less than the principal amounts of $661,250 and $500,000, respectively. See Note 15 for additional details on the convertible senior notes.

See Note 11 for the carrying amount of our convertible preferred stock.

Assets and liabilities recognized or disclosed at fair value on a nonrecurring basis include items such as property and equipment, goodwill and other intangible assets, cost method investments, and other assets. These assets are measured at fair value if determined to be impaired.

The cost or amortized cost, gross unrealized gains and losses, and estimated fair market value of our cash, money market funds, restricted cash, and available-for-sale investments were as follows:


	March 31, 2021
		Cost or Amortized Cost		Unrealized Gains		Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value		Cash, Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash		Short-term Investments		Long-term Investments

Cash		$	623,753	$	—	$	—	$	623,753	$	623,753	$	—	$	—
Money markets funds		612,590		—		—		612,590		612,590		—		—
Restricted cash		101,790		—		—		101,790		101,790		—		—
U.S. treasury securities		145,630		125		—		145,755		4,912		140,843		—
Agency bonds		6,900		7		(1)		6,906		—		—		6,906
Total		$	1,490,663	$	132	$	(1)	$	1,490,794	$	1,343,045	$	140,843	$	6,906


	December 31, 2020
		Cost or Amortized Cost		Unrealized Gains		Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value		Cash, Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash		Short-term Investments		Long-term Investments

Cash		$	32,915	$	—	$	—	$	32,915	$	32,915	$	—	$	—
Money markets funds		886,261		—		—		886,261		886,261		—		—
Restricted cash		20,544		—		—		20,544		20,544		—		—
U.S. treasury securities		137,502		159		—		137,661		6,100		131,561		—
Agency bonds		11,900		22		—		11,922		—		—		11,922
Total		$	1,089,122	$	181	$	—	$	1,089,303	$	945,820	$	131,561	$	11,922

We have evaluated our portfolio of available-for-sale debt securities based on credit quality indicators for expected credit losses and do not believe there are any expected credit losses. Our portfolio consists of U.S. government securities, all with a high quality credit rating issued by various credit agencies.

As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, we had accrued interest of $44 and $108, respectively, on our available-for-sale investments, of which we have recorded no expected credit losses. Accrued interest receivable is presented within other current assets in our consolidated balance sheets.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

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