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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
________________________________
FORM 10-K
________________________________
| | | | | |
☒ | ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the fiscal year ended September 30, 2022
or
| | | | | |
☐ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For transition period from to
Commission File Number 001-33390
___________________________________________
TFS FINANCIAL CORPORATION
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)
___________________________________________
| | | | | | | | | | | |
United States of America | | 52-2054948 |
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization) | | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
| | |
7007 Broadway Avenue | | |
Cleveland, | Ohio | | 44105 |
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) | | (Zip Code) |
(216) 441-6000
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Title of each class | | Trading Symbol(s) | | Name of each exchange in which registered |
Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share | | TFSL | | The NASDAQ Stock Market, LLC |
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
___________________________________________
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes x No o
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes o No x
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes x No o
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer", "accelerated filer,” "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Large accelerated filer | x | | Accelerated filer o | | Non-accelerated filer o
| | Smaller reporting company | ☐ |
| | | | | | | Emerging growth company | ☐ |
If an emerging company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. Yes x No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.) Yes ☐ No x
The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates of the Registrant, computed by reference to the last sale price on March 31, 2022, as reported by the NASDAQ Global Select Market, was approximately $868.43 million.
At November 18, 2022, there were 280,407,741 shares of the Registrant’s common stock, par value $0.01 per share, outstanding, of which 227,119,132 shares, or 81.00% of the Registrant’s common stock, were held by Third Federal Savings and Loan Association of Cleveland, MHC, the Registrant’s mutual holding company.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of the registrant’s Proxy Statement for the 2023 Annual Meeting of Shareholders are incorporated by reference in Part III hereof to the extent indicated therein.
TFS Financial Corporation
INDEX
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Part I | | | |
| | |
Item 1. | | | |
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Item 1A. | | | |
| | |
Item 1B. | | | |
| | |
Item 2. | | | |
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Item 3. | | | |
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Item 4. | | | |
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Part II | | | |
| | |
Item 5. | | | |
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Item 6. | | | |
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Item 7. | | | |
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Item 7A. | | | |
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Item 8. | | | |
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Item 9. | | | |
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Item 9A. | | | |
| | |
Item 9B. | | | |
| | |
Part III | | | |
| | |
Item 10. | | | |
| | |
Item 11. | | | |
| | |
Item 12. | | | |
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Item 13. | | | |
| | |
Item 14. | | | |
| | |
Part IV | | | |
| | |
Item 15. | | | |
| | | |
Item 16. | | | |
GLOSSARY OF TERMS
TFS Financial Corporation provides the following list of acronyms and other terms as a tool for the reader. The acronyms and other terms identified below are used throughout the document.
| | | | | |
ACL: Allowance for Credit Losses | FHFA: Federal Housing Finance Agency |
ACT: Tax Cuts and Jobs Act | FHLB: Federal Home Loan Bank |
AOCI: Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income | FICO: Fair Isaac Corporation |
ARM: Adjustable-Rate Mortgage | FRB-Cleveland: Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland |
ASC: Accounting Standards Codification | Freddie Mac: Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation |
ASU: Accounting Standards Update | FRS: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System |
Association: Third Federal Savings and Loan | GAAP: Generally Accepted Accounting Principles |
Association of Cleveland | Ginnie Mae: Government National Mortgage Association |
BOLI: Bank Owned Life Insurance | GVA: General Valuation Allowance |
CARES Act: Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security |
|
Act | HOLA: Home Owners' Loan Act |
CDs: Certificates of Deposit | HPI: Home Price Index |
CECL: Current Expected Credit Losses | IRR: Interest Rate Risk |
CET1: Common Equity Tier 1 | IRS: Internal Revenue Service |
CFPB: Consumer Financial Protection Bureau | IVA: Individual Valuation Allowance |
CLTV: Combined Loan-to-Value | LIHTC: Low Income Housing Tax Credit |
Company: TFS Financial Corporation and its | LIP: Loans-in-Process |
subsidiaries | LTV: Loan-to-Value |
COSO: Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the | MMK: Money Market Account |
Treadway Commission | MGIC: Mortgage Guaranty Insurance Corporation |
CRA: Community Reinvestment Act | OCC: Office of the Comptroller of the Currency |
DFA: Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer | OCI: Other Comprehensive Income |
Protection Act | OTS: Office of Thrift Supervision |
EaR: Earnings at Risk | PMI: Private Mortgage Insurance |
EPS: Earnings per Share | PMIC: PMI Mortgage Insurance Co. |
ESG: Environmental, Social and Governance | QTL: Qualified Thrift Lender |
ESOP: Third Federal Employee (Associate) Stock | REMICs: Real Estate Mortgage Investment Conduits |
Ownership Plan | SEC: United States Securities and Exchange Commission |
EVE: Economic Value of Equity | TDR: Troubled Debt Restructuring |
Fannie Mae: Federal National Mortgage Association | Third Federal Savings, MHC: Third Federal Savings |
FASB: Financial Accounting Standards Board | and Loan Association of Cleveland, MHC |
FDIC: Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation | |
| |
| |
PART I
| | | | | |
Forward Looking Statements |
This report contains forward-looking statements, which can be identified by the use of such words as estimate, project, believe, intend, anticipate, plan, seek, expect and similar expressions. These forward-looking statements include, among other things: |
● | statements of our goals, intentions and expectations; |
● | statements regarding our business plans and prospects and growth and operating strategies; |
● | statements concerning trends in our provision for credit losses and charge-offs on loans and off-balance sheet exposures; |
● | statements regarding the trends in factors affecting our financial condition and results of operations, including credit quality of our loan and investment portfolios; and |
● | estimates of our risks and future costs and benefits. |
| |
These forward-looking statements are subject to significant risks, assumptions and uncertainties, including, among other things, the following important factors that could affect the actual outcome of future events: |
● | significantly increased competition among depository and other financial institutions, including with respect to our ability to charge overdraft fees; |
● | inflation and changes in the interest rate environment that reduce our interest margins or reduce the fair value of financial instruments, or our ability to originate loans; |
● | general economic conditions, either globally, nationally or in our market areas, including employment prospects, real estate values and conditions that are worse than expected; |
● | the strength or weakness of the real estate markets and of the consumer and commercial credit sectors and its impact on the credit quality of our loans and other assets, and changes in estimates of the allowance for credit losses; |
● | decreased demand for our products and services and lower revenue and earnings because of a recession or other events; |
● | changes in consumer spending, borrowing and savings habits; |
● | adverse changes and volatility in the securities markets, credit markets or real estate markets; |
● | our ability to manage market risk, credit risk, liquidity risk, reputational risk, and regulatory and compliance risk; |
● | our ability to access cost-effective funding; |
● | legislative or regulatory changes that adversely affect our business, including changes in regulatory costs and capital requirements and changes related to our ability to pay dividends and the ability of Third Federal Savings, MHC to waive dividends; |
● | changes in accounting policies and practices, as may be adopted by the bank regulatory agencies, the Financial Accounting Standards Board or the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board; |
● | the adoption of implementing regulations by a number of different regulatory bodies, and uncertainty in the exact nature, extent and timing of such regulations and the impact they will have on us; |
● | our ability to enter new markets successfully and take advantage of growth opportunities, and the possible short-term dilutive effect of potential acquisitions or de novo branches, if any; |
● | our ability to retain key employees; |
● | future adverse developments concerning Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac; |
● | changes in monetary and fiscal policy of the U.S. Government, including policies of the U.S. Treasury and the FRS and changes in the level of government support of housing finance; |
● | the continuing governmental efforts to restructure the U.S. financial and regulatory system; |
● | the ability of the U.S. Government to remain open, function properly and manage federal debt limits; |
● | changes in policy and/or assessment rates of taxing authorities that adversely affect us or our customers; |
● | changes in accounting and tax estimates; |
● | changes in our organization, or compensation and benefit plans and changes in expense trends (including, but not limited to trends affecting non-performing assets, charge-offs and provisions for credit losses); |
● | the inability of third-party providers to perform their obligations to us; |
● | the effects of global or national war, conflict or acts of terrorism; |
● | civil unrest; |
● | cyber-attacks, computer viruses and other technological risks that may breach the security of our websites or other systems to obtain unauthorized access to confidential information, destroy data or disable our systems; and |
● | the impact of wide-spread pandemic, including COVID-19, and related government action, on our business and the economy. |
| |
Because of these and other uncertainties, our actual future results may be materially different from the results indicated by any forward-looking statements. Any forward-looking statement made by us in this report speaks only as of the date on which it is made. We undertake no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise, except as may be required by law. Please see Item 1A. Risk Factors for a discussion of certain risks related to our business. |
TFS FINANCIAL CORPORATION
TFS Financial Corporation (“we,” “us,” or “our”) was organized in 1997 as the mid-tier stock holding company for the Association. We completed our initial public stock offering in 2007 and issued 100,199,618 shares of common stock, or 30.16% of our post-offering outstanding common stock, to subscribers in the offering. Additionally, at the time of the public offering, 5,000,000 shares of our common stock, or 1.50% of our outstanding shares, were issued to the newly formed charitable foundation, Third Federal Foundation. Third Federal Savings, MHC, our mutual holding company parent, held and continues to hold, the remainder of our outstanding common stock (227,119,132 shares). Net proceeds from our initial public stock offering were approximately $886 million and reflected the costs we incurred in completing the offering as well as a $106.5 million loan to the ESOP related to its acquisition of shares in the initial public stock offering.
Our ownership of the Association remains our primary business activity. We also operate Third Capital, Inc. as a wholly-owned subsidiary. See THIRD CAPITAL, INC. below.
As the holding company of the Association, we are authorized to pursue other business activities permitted by applicable laws and regulations for savings and loan holding companies, which include making equity investments and the acquisition of banking and financial services companies.
Our cash flow depends primarily on earnings from the investment of proceeds we retained from the initial offering, and any dividends we receive from the Association and Third Capital, Inc. All of our officers are also officers of the Association. In addition, we use the services of the support staff of the Association from time to time. We may hire additional associates, as needed, to the extent we expand our business in the future.
THIRD CAPITAL, INC.
Third Capital, Inc. is a Delaware corporation that was organized in 1998 as our wholly-owned subsidiary. At September 30, 2022, Third Capital, Inc. had consolidated assets of $9.1 million, and for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2022, Third Capital, Inc. had consolidated net income of $1.7 million. Third Capital, Inc. has no separate operations other than as the holding company for its operating subsidiaries, and as a minority investor or partner in other entities. As of September 30, 2022, the only remaining entity in which Third Capital, Inc. has an investment in is Third Cap Associates, Inc., an Ohio corporation that owns 49% and 60% of two title agencies that provide escrow and settlement services in the States of Ohio and Florida, primarily to customers of the Association. For the fiscal year ended September 30, 2022, Third Cap Associates, Inc. recorded net income of $1.7 million.
THIRD FEDERAL SAVINGS AND LOAN ASSOCIATION OF CLEVELAND
General
The Association is a federally chartered savings and loan association headquartered in Cleveland, Ohio, that was organized in 1938. In 1997, the Association reorganized into its current two-tier mutual holding company structure. The Association’s principal business consists of originating and servicing residential real estate mortgage loans and attracting retail savings deposits.
The Association’s business strategy is to originate mortgage loans with interest rates that are competitive with those of similar products offered by other financial institutions in its markets. Similarly, the Association offers checking accounts, savings accounts and certificate of deposit accounts, each bearing interest rates that are competitive with similar products offered by other financial institutions in its markets. The Association expects to continue to pursue this business philosophy. While this strategy does not enable the Association to earn the highest rates of interest on loans that it offers or to pay the lowest rates on its deposit accounts, the Association believes that this strategy is the primary reason for its successful growth in the past and will continue to be a successful strategy in the future.
The Association attracts retail deposits from the general public in the areas surrounding its main office and its branch offices. It also utilizes its internet website, direct mail solicitation and its customer service call center to generate loan applications and attract retail deposits. Brokered CDs and longer-term advances from the FHLB of Cincinnati as well as shorter-term advances from the FHLB of Cincinnati, hedged to longer effective durations by interest rate exchange contracts, are also used as cost-effective funding alternatives. In addition to residential real estate mortgage loans, the Association originates residential construction loans to individuals for the construction of their personal residences by a qualified builder. The Association also offers home equity loans and lines of credit subject to certain property and credit performance conditions. The Association retains in its portfolio a large portion of the loans that it originates. The Association also purchases residential real estate mortgage loans through a correspondent lending partnership. Loans that the Association sells consist primarily of long-term, fixed-rate residential real estate mortgage loans. The Association retains the servicing rights on all loans that it sells.
The Association’s revenues are derived primarily from interest on loans and, to a lesser extent, interest on interest-earning deposits in other financial institutions, deposits maintained at the FRS, federal funds sold, and investment securities, including mortgage-backed securities and dividends from FHLB of Cincinnati stock. The Association also generates revenues from fees and service charges. The Association’s primary sources of funds are deposits, borrowings, principal and interest payments on loans and securities and proceeds from loan sales.
The Association’s website address is www.thirdfederal.com. Filings of the Company made with the SEC are available, without charge, on the Association’s website. Information on that website is not and should not be considered a part of this document.
Market Area
The Association conducts its operations from its main office in Cleveland, Ohio, and from 37 additional, full-service branches and five loan production offices located throughout the states of Ohio and Florida. In Ohio, the Association maintains 21 full-service offices located in the northeast Ohio counties of Cuyahoga, Lake, Lorain, Medina and Summit, one regional loan production office located in the central Ohio (Columbus, Ohio) and four loan production offices located in the southern Ohio counties of Butler and Hamilton (Cincinnati, Ohio). In Florida, the Association maintains 16 full-service branches located in the counties of Pasco, Pinellas, Hillsborough, Sarasota, Lee, Collier, Palm Beach and Broward.
The Association also provides savings products in all 50 states and first mortgage refinance loans in 21 states and the District of Columbia. Home equity lines of credit are provided in 25 states and the District of Columbia. First mortgage loans and bridge loans to purchase homes are provided in 13 states while other equity loan products are provided in eight states. These products are provided through its branch network for customers in its core markets of Ohio, Florida, Kentucky and Indiana as well as its customer service call center and its internet site for all customers not served by its branch network.
Competition
The Association faces intense competition in its market areas both in making loans and attracting deposits. Its market areas have a high concentration of financial institutions, including large money centers and regional banks, community banks and credit unions, and it faces additional competition for deposits from money market funds, brokerage firms, mutual funds and insurance companies. Some of its competitors offer products and services that the Association currently does not offer, such as commercial business loans, trust services and private banking.
The majority of the Association’s deposits are held in its offices located in Cuyahoga County, Ohio. As of June 30, 2022 (the latest date for which information is publicly available), the Association had $5.1 billion of deposits in Cuyahoga County, and ranked fifth among all financial institutions with offices in the county in terms of deposits, with a market share of 4.97%. As of that date, the Association had $6.7 billion of deposits in the State of Ohio, and ranked tenth among all financial institutions in the state in terms of deposits, with a market share of 1.28%. As of June 30, 2022 (the latest date for which information is publicly available), the Association had $2.6 billion of deposits in the State of Florida, and ranked 36th among all financial institutions in terms of deposits, with a market share of 0.29%. This market share data excludes deposits held by credit unions, whose deposits are not insured by the FDIC.
Many financial institutions, including institutions that compete in our markets, have targeted retail deposit gathering as a more attractive funding source than borrowings, and have become more active and more competitive in their deposit product pricing. The combination of reduced demand for borrowed funds and more competition with respect to rates paid to depositors has created an increasingly difficult marketplace for attracting deposits, which could adversely affect future operating results.
From October 2021 through August 2022 (the latest date for which information is publicly available), per data furnished by MarketTrac®, the Association had the largest market share of conventional purchase mortgage loans originated in Cuyahoga County, Ohio. For the same period, it also had the second largest market share of conventional purchase mortgage loans originated in the seven northeast Ohio counties which comprise the Cleveland and Akron metropolitan statistical areas. In addition, based on the same statistics, the Association has consistently been one of the twenty largest lenders in both Franklin County (Columbus, Ohio) and Hamilton County (Cincinnati, Ohio) since it entered those markets in 1999.
The Association’s primary strategy for increasing and retaining its customer base is to offer competitive deposit and loan rates and other product features, delivered with exceptional customer service, in each of the markets it serves.
We rely on the reputation that has been built during the Association’s over 80-year history of serving its customers and the communities in which it operates, the Association’s high capital levels, and the Association's extensive liquidity alternatives which, in combination, serve to maintain and nurture customer and marketplace confidence. At September 30, 2022, our ratio of shareholders’ equity to total assets was 11.7%. For the fiscal year ended September 30, 2022, our liquidity ratio averaged
5.64% (which we compute as the sum of cash and cash equivalents plus unpledged investment securities for which ready markets exist, divided by total assets). See Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation - Liquidity and Capital Resources.
We continue to utilize a multi-faceted approach to support our efforts to instill customer and marketplace confidence. First, we provide thorough and timely information to all of our associates so as to prepare them for their day-to-day interactions with customers and other individuals who are not part of the Company. We believe that it is important that our customers and others sense the comfort level and confidence of our associates throughout their dealings. Second, we encourage our management team to maintain a presence and to be available in our branches and other areas of customer contact, so as to provide more opportunities for informal contact and interaction with our customers and community members. Third, our CEO remains accessible to both local and national media, as a spokesman for our institution as well as an observer and interpreter of financial marketplace situations and events. Fourth, we periodically include advertisements in local newspapers and online that display our strong capital levels and history of service. We also continue to emphasize our traditional tagline—“STRONG * STABLE * SAFE”—in our advertisements, website, online presence and branch displays. Finally, for customers who adhere to the old adage of trust but verify, we refer them to the safety/security rankings of a nationally recognized, independent rating organization that specializes in the evaluation of financial institutions, which has awarded the Association its highest rating for more than one hundred consecutive quarters.
Lending Activities
The Company’s principal lending activity is the origination of fixed-rate and adjustable-rate, first mortgage loans to purchase or refinance residential real estate. Adjustable-rate and up to 30-year fixed rate first mortgage loans to refinance real estate are offered in 21 states and the District of Columbia. Also, the Company offers adjustable-rate and up to 30-year fixed rate first mortgage loans to purchase real estate in 13 states. Further, the Company originates residential construction loans to individuals (for the construction of their personal residences by a qualified builder) in Ohio and Florida. The Company also purchases fixed-rate first mortgage loans originated in Ohio and Pennsylvania through a correspondent lending partnership. Additionally, the Company offers home equity lines of credit in 25 states and the District of Columbia and home equity loans in eight states. Refer to Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation-Monitoring and Limiting Our Credit Risk for additional information regarding home equity loans and lines of credit. At September 30, 2022, residential real estate, fixed-rate and adjustable-rate, first mortgage loans totaled $11.59 billion, or 80.8% of our loan portfolio, home equity loans and lines of credit totaled $2.63 billion, or 18.4% of our loan portfolio, and residential construction loans totaled $121.8 million, or 0.8% of our loan portfolio. At September 30, 2022, adjustable-rate, residential real estate, first mortgage loans totaled $4.67 billion and comprised 32.5% of our loan portfolio.
Loan Portfolio Composition. The following table sets forth the composition of the portfolio of loans held for investment, by type of loan segregated by geographic location, at the indicated periods, excluding loans held for sale. The majority of our Home Today loan portfolio is secured by properties located in Ohio and the balances of other loans are immaterial. Therefore, neither was segregated by geographic location. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| September 30, |
| 2022 | | 2021 | | | | | | |
| Amount | | Percent | | Amount | | Percent | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
Real estate loans: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Residential Core (1) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Ohio | $ | 6,432,780 | | | | | $ | 5,603,998 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Florida | 2,120,892 | | | | | 1,838,259 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Other | 2,986,187 | | | | | 2,773,018 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | 11,539,859 | | | 80.4% | | 10,215,275 | | | 81.2% | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Residential Home Today Total (1) | 53,255 | | | 0.4 | | 63,823 | | | 0.6 | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Home equity loans and lines of credit | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Ohio | 706,641 | | | | | 630,815 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Florida | 537,724 | | | | | 438,212 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
California | 432,540 | | | | | 335,240 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Other | 956,973 | | | | | 809,985 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | 2,633,878 | | | 18.4 | | 2,214,252 | | | 17.6 | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Construction | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Ohio | 111,098 | | | | | 71,651 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Florida | 10,661 | | | | | 6,604 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Other | — | | | | | 2,282 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | 121,759 | | | 0.8 | | 80,537 | | | 0.6 | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Other loans | 3,263 | | | — | | 2,778 | | | — | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total loans receivable | 14,352,014 | | | 100.0% | | 12,576,665 | | | 100.0% | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Deferred loan expenses , net | 50,221 | | | | | 44,859 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Loans in process | (72,273) | | | | | (48,200) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Allowance for credit losses on loans | (72,895) | | | | | (64,289) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total loans receivable, net | $ | 14,257,067 | | | | | $ | 12,509,035 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
______________________
(1)Residential Core and Home Today loans are primarily one- to four-family residential mortgage loans. See the Residential Real Estate Mortgage Loans section which follows for a further description of Residential Core and Home Today loans.
The following table provides an analysis of our residential mortgage loans disaggregated by refreshed FICO score, year of origination and portfolio at September 30, 2022. The Company treats the FICO score information as demonstrating that underwriting guidelines reduce risk rather than as a credit quality indicator utilized in the evaluation of credit risk. Balances are adjusted for deferred loan fees, expenses and any applicable loans-in-process. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | Revolving Loans | Revolving Loans | |
| By fiscal year of origination | | Amortized | Converted | |
September 30, 2022 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | Prior | Cost Basis | To Term | Total |
Real estate loans: | | | | | | | | | |
Residential Core | | | | | | | | | |
<680 | $ | 89,732 | | $ | 66,810 | | $ | 37,307 | | $ | 24,482 | | $ | 24,788 | | $ | 165,224 | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | 408,343 | |
680-740 | 571,629 | | 261,568 | | 199,400 | | 75,883 | | 80,813 | | 368,962 | | — | | — | | 1,558,255 | |
741+ | 2,672,698 | | 1,889,513 | | 1,235,194 | | 522,635 | | 551,191 | | 2,536,707 | | — | | — | | 9,407,938 | |
Unknown (1) | 15,141 | | 34,671 | | 20,050 | | 7,340 | | 10,671 | | 96,872 | | — | | — | | 184,745 | |
Total Residential Core | 3,349,200 | | 2,252,562 | | 1,491,951 | | 630,340 | | 667,463 | | 3,167,765 | | — | | — | | 11,559,281 | |
Residential Home Today (2) | | | | | | | | | |
<680 | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | 27,632 | | — | | — | | 27,632 | |
680-740 | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | 11,607 | | — | | — | | 11,607 | |
741+ | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | 10,632 | | — | | — | | 10,632 | |
Unknown (1) | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | 2,937 | | — | | — | | 2,937 | |
Total Residential Home Today | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | 52,808 | | — | | — | | 52,808 | |
Home equity loans and lines of credit | | | | | | | | | |
<680 | 1,044 | | 1,059 | | 453 | | 512 | | 611 | | 788 | | 79,839 | | 16,333 | | 100,639 | |
680-740 | 18,096 | | 3,742 | | 868 | | 1,379 | | 1,205 | | 1,502 | | 391,272 | | 22,187 | | 440,251 | |
741+ | 79,681 | | 25,852 | | 7,871 | | 6,146 | | 5,055 | | 8,377 | | 1,911,717 | | 50,864 | | 2,095,563 | |
Unknown (1) | 84 | | 152 | | 65 | | 20 | | 113 | | 707 | | 21,160 | | 7,378 | | 29,679 | |
Total Home equity loans and lines of credit | 98,905 | | 30,805 | | 9,257 | | 8,057 | | 6,984 | | 11,374 | | 2,403,988 | | 96,762 | | 2,666,132 | |
Construction | | | | | | | | | |
<680 | 119 | | 352 | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | 471 | |
680-740 | 8,532 | | 524 | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | 9,056 | |
741+ | 29,159 | | 9,792 | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | 38,951 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Total Construction | 37,810 | | 10,668 | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | 48,478 | |
Total net real estate loans | $ | 3,485,915 | | $ | 2,294,035 | | $ | 1,501,208 | | $ | 638,397 | | $ | 674,447 | | $ | 3,231,947 | | $ | 2,403,988 | | $ | 96,762 | | $ | 14,326,699 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
(1) Market data necessary for stratification is not readily available. | | | | | | |
(2) No new originations of Home Today loans since fiscal 2016. | | | | | | |
The following table provides an analysis of our residential mortgage loans by origination LTV, origination year and portfolio at September 30, 2022. LTVs are not updated subsequent to origination except as part of the charge-off process. Balances are adjusted for deferred loan fees, expenses and any applicable loans-in-process.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | Revolving Loans | Revolving Loans | |
| By fiscal year of origination | | Amortized | Converted | |
September 30, 2022 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | Prior | Cost Basis | To Term | Total |
Real estate loans: | | | | | | | | | |
Residential Core | | | | | | | | | |
<80% | $ | 2,029,067 | | $ | 1,566,975 | | $ | 809,302 | | $ | 290,532 | | $ | 353,297 | | $ | 1,857,689 | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | 6,906,862 | |
80-89.9% | 1,086,531 | | 635,815 | | 620,482 | | 306,956 | | 291,649 | | 1,208,559 | | — | | — | | 4,149,992 | |
90-100% | 218,930 | | 48,359 | | 61,963 | | 32,588 | | 22,399 | | 99,210 | | — | | — | | 483,449 | |
>100% | — | | — | | — | | — | | 118 | | 660 | | — | | — | | 778 | |
Unknown (1) | 14,672 | | 1,413 | | 204 | | 264 | | — | | 1,647 | | — | | — | | 18,200 | |
Total Residential Core | 3,349,200 | | 2,252,562 | | 1,491,951 | | 630,340 | | 667,463 | | 3,167,765 | | — | | — | | 11,559,281 | |
Residential Home Today (2) | | | | | | | | | |
<80% | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | 10,600 | | — | | — | | 10,600 | |
80-89.9% | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | 17,068 | | — | | — | | 17,068 | |
90-100% | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | 25,140 | | — | | — | | 25,140 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Total Residential Home Today | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | 52,808 | | — | | — | | 52,808 | |
Home equity loans and lines of credit | | | | | | | | | |
<80% | 93,697 | | 29,966 | | 9,218 | | 7,721 | | 6,395 | | 7,942 | | 2,229,937 | | 63,322 | | 2,448,198 | |
80-89.9% | 5,173 | | 839 | | 40 | | 281 | | 442 | | 1,175 | | 172,774 | | 30,313 | | 211,037 | |
90-100% | — | | — | | — | | — | | 55 | | 848 | | 577 | | 401 | | 1,881 | |
>100% | 34 | | — | | — | | 54 | | 92 | | 1,402 | | 422 | | 499 | | 2,503 | |
Unknown (1) | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | 7 | | 279 | | 2,227 | | 2,513 | |
Total Home equity loans and lines of credit | 98,904 | | 30,805 | | 9,258 | | 8,056 | | 6,984 | | 11,374 | | 2,403,989 | | 96,762 | | 2,666,132 | |
Construction | | | | | | | | | |
<80% | 6,652 | | 7,956 | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | 14,608 | |
80-89.9% | 31,158 | | 2,712 | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | 33,870 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Total Construction | 37,810 | | 10,668 | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | 48,478 | |
Total net real estate loans | $ | 3,485,914 | | $ | 2,294,035 | | $ | 1,501,209 | | $ | 638,396 | | $ | 674,447 | | $ | 3,231,947 | | $ | 2,403,989 | | $ | 96,762 | | $ | 14,326,699 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
(1) Market data necessary for stratification is not readily available. |
(2) No new originations of Home Today loans since fiscal 2016. |
Loan Portfolio Maturities. The following table summarizes the scheduled repayments of the loan portfolio at September 30, 2022, according to each loan's final due date. Demand loans, loans having no stated repayment schedule or maturity, are reported as being due in the fiscal year ending September 30, 2023. Maturities are based on the final contractual payment date and do not reflect the impact of prepayments and scheduled principal amortization.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Due During the Years Ending September 30, | Residential Real Estate | | Home Equity Loans and Lines of Credit | | Construction Loans | | Other Loans | | Total |
Core | | Home Today | |
| (In thousands) |
2023 | $ | 9,870 | | | $ | 3 | | | $ | 7,274 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 1,797 | | | $ | 18,944 | |
2024-2027 | 391,041 | | | 180 | | | 45,214 | | | 1,500 | | | — | | | 437,935 | |
2028-2037 | 2,265,157 | | | 38,562 | | | 136,792 | | | 8,588 | | | 1,466 | | | 2,450,565 | |
2038 and beyond | 8,873,791 | | | 14,510 | | | 2,444,598 | | | 111,671 | | | — | | | 11,444,570 | |
Total | $ | 11,539,859 | | | $ | 53,255 | | | $ | 2,633,878 | | | $ | 121,759 | | | $ | 3,263 | | | $ | 14,352,014 | |
The following table sets forth the scheduled repayments of fixed- and adjustable-rate loans at September 30, 2022 that are contractually due after September 30, 2023.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Due After September 30, 2023 |
| Fixed | | Adjustable | | Total |
| (In thousands) |
Real estate loans: | | | | | |
Residential Core | $ | 6,862,138 | | | $ | 4,667,851 | | | $ | 11,529,989 | |
Residential Home Today | 53,184 | | | 68 | | | 53,252 | |
Home Equity Loans and Lines of Credit | 156,672 | | | 2,469,932 | | | 2,626,604 | |
Construction | 121,759 | | | — | | | 121,759 | |
Other Loans | 1,466 | | | — | | | 1,466 | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
Total loans receivable | $ | 7,195,219 | | | $ | 7,137,851 | | | $ | 14,333,070 | |
Residential Real Estate Mortgage Loans. The Company’s primary lending activity is the origination of residential real estate mortgage loans. A comparison of 2022 data to the corresponding 2021 data can be found in Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation. The Company currently offers fixed-rate conventional mortgage loans with terms of 30 years or less that are fully amortizing with monthly loan payments, and adjustable-rate mortgage loans that amortize over a period of up to 30 years, provide an initial fixed interest rate for three or five years and then adjust annually, subject to rate reset options as discussed later in this section. At September 30, 2022, there were no “interest only” residential real estate mortgage loans held in the Company's portfolio.
The Company generally originates both fixed- and adjustable-rate mortgage loans in amounts up to $1 million, for single-family homes in most of our lending markets. The loans originated for larger dollar amounts are generally referred to as “jumbo loans.” The Company generally underwrites jumbo loans in a manner similar to conforming loans. Jumbo loans are not uncommon in the Company’s market areas.
The Company offers “Smart Rate” adjustable-rate mortgage loan products secured by residential properties with interest rates that are fixed for an initial period of three or five years, after which the interest rate generally resets every year based upon a contractual spread or margin linked to the Prime Rate as published in the Wall Street Journal. As part of a loan retention program, these adjustable-rate loans provide the borrower with an attractive rate reset option, which allow the borrower to re-lock the rate an unlimited number of times at the Company’s then current lending rates, for another three or five years (which must be the same as the original lock period). "Smart Rate" adjustable-rate mortgage loans represent over 99% of the adjustable-rate mortgage loan portfolio, with the difference representing the remaining balance of legacy adjustable-rate mortgage loan products with slightly different interest rate reset terms. Many of the borrowers who select adjustable-rate mortgage loans have shorter-term credit needs than those who select long-term, fixed-rate mortgage loans. Adjustable-rate mortgage loans generally present different credit risks than fixed-rate mortgage loans primarily because the underlying debt service payments of the borrowers increase as interest rates increase, thereby increasing the potential for default. All of the Company’s adjustable-rate mortgage loans are subject to periodic and lifetime limitations on interest rate changes. All adjustable-rate mortgage loans have initial and periodic caps of two percentage points on interest rate changes, with a cap of five or six percentage points for the life of the loan. The Company has never offered “Option ARM” loans, where borrowers can pay less than the interest owed on their loan, resulting in an increased principal balance during the life of the loan.
The Company has always considered the promotion of home ownership a primary goal. In that regard, it has historically offered affordable housing programs in all of its market areas. These programs are targeted toward low- and moderate-income home buyers. The Company’s philosophy has been to provide borrowers the opportunity for home ownership within their financial means. During fiscal 2016, the Company began to market its Home Ready mortgage loan product for low- and moderate-income homeowners. Third Federal’s Home Ready product is designed to be saleable to Fannie Mae under its Home Ready program. Previously, the Company’s primary affordable housing program was referred to as "Home Today". The vast majority of loans originated under the Home Today program had higher risk characteristics than our Core residential real estate mortgage loan, but the Company attempted to mitigate that higher risk through the use of private mortgage insurance and continued pre- and post-purchase counseling. As of September 30, 2022, the Company had $53.3 million of loans outstanding that were originated through its Home Today program, most of which were originated prior to March 2009. At September 30, 2022, of the loans that were originated under the Home Today program, 5.6% were delinquent 30 days or more compared to 0.1% for the portfolio of Core loans as of that date. At September 30, 2022, $0.9 million, or 1.6%, of loans originated under the Home Today program were delinquent 90 days and over and $6.0 million of Home Today loans were non-accruing loans, representing 17.0% of total non-accruing loans as of that date. See Delinquent Loans and Non-performing Assets and Restructured Loans for discussions of the asset quality of this portion of the Company’s loan portfolio.
The Company currently retains the servicing rights on all loans sold in order to generate fee income and reinforce its commitment to customer service. One- to four-family residential mortgage real estate loans that have been sold were underwritten generally to Fannie Mae guidelines. At the time of the closing of these loans the Company owns the loans and subsequently sells them to Fannie Mae and others providing normal and customary representations and warranties, including representations and warranties related to compliance, generally with Fannie Mae underwriting standards. At the time of sale, the loans are free from encumbrances except for the mortgages filed by the Company which, with other underwriting documents, are subsequently assigned and delivered to Fannie Mae and others. During the fiscal years ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company recognized servicing fees, net of amortization, related to these servicing rights of $4.3 million and $3.3 million, respectively. As of September 30, 2022 and 2021, the principal balance of loans serviced for others totaled $2.05 billion and $2.26 billion, respectively. At September 30, 2022, substantially all of the loans serviced for Fannie Mae and others were performing in accordance with their contractual terms and management believes that it had no material repurchase obligations associated with these loans at that date. However, at September 30, 2022, a reserve of $0.4 million has been maintained to cover potential losses on repurchases or reimbursements that may arise in connection with representations and warranties made at time of sale.
The Company requires title insurance on all of its residential real estate mortgage loans. The Company also requires that borrowers maintain fire and extended coverage casualty insurance (and, if appropriate, flood insurance up to $250 thousand) in an amount at least equal to the lesser of the loan balance or the replacement cost of the improvements. A majority of its residential real estate mortgage loans have a mortgage escrow account from which disbursements are made for real estate taxes and to a lesser extent for hazard insurance and flood insurance. The Company does not conduct environmental testing on residential real estate mortgage loans unless specific concerns for hazards are identified by the appraiser used in connection with the origination of the loan.
For home purchase loans with LTV ratios at origination in excess of 85% but equal to or less than 90%, the Company generally requires private mortgage insurance. The Company offers a loan product allowing up to 95% LTV with no mortgage insurance for superior credit borrowers. LTV ratios in excess of 85% are not available for refinance transactions except for adjustable-rate, first mortgage loans and Home Ready loans. The Home Ready product requires private mortgage insurance on purchase transactions between 80.01% and 97% LTV and refinance transactions between 80.01% and 95% LTV. As of September 30, 2022, the Company had a total of $225.7 million of loans outstanding that were originated through the high LTV program. This program involves loans originated with higher interest rates than the Company's other residential real estate loans, and to qualify for this program the loan applicant must satisfy more stringent underwriting criteria (credit score, income qualification, and other criteria).
Home Equity Loans and Home Equity Lines of Credit. The Company offers home equity loans and home equity lines of credit, which are primarily secured by a second mortgage on residences. The home equity product is offered in 25 states and the District of Columbia. Home equity lines of credit originated since 2013 require amortizing loan payments during the draw period. These offers were, and are, subject to certain property and credit performance conditions which, among other items, related to CLTV, geography, borrower income verification, minimum credit scores and draw period duration. At September 30, 2022 and 2021, home equity loans totaled $261.0 million, or 1.8%, and $244.9 million, or 1.9%, respectively, of total loans receivable (which included $97.0 million and $141.3 million, respectively, of home equity lines of credit which were in the amortization period and no longer eligible to be drawn upon and $12.2 million and $7.7 million of bridge loans), and home equity lines of credit totaled $2.37 billion, or 16.5%, and $1.97 billion, or 15.7%, respectively, of total loans receivable. Additionally, at September 30, 2022 and 2021, the undrawn amounts of home equity lines of credit totaled $4.08 billion and $3.20 billion, respectively. A bridge loan permits a borrower to utilize the existing equity in their current home to fund the purchase of a new home before the current home is sold. Bridge loans are originated for a one-year term, with no prepayment penalties. These loans have fixed interest rates, and are currently limited to a combined 80% LTV ratio (first and second mortgage liens). The Company charges a closing fee with respect to bridge loans.
The Company originates its home equity loans and home equity lines of credit without application fees (except for bridge loans) or borrower-paid closing costs. Home equity loans are offered with fixed interest rates, are fully amortizing and have terms of up to 30 years. The Company’s home equity lines of credit are offered with adjustable rates of interest indexed to the Prime Rate, as reported in The Wall Street Journal.
The following table sets forth credit exposure, principal balance, percent delinquent 90 days or more, the mean CLTV percent at the time of origination and the current mean CLTV percent of our home equity loans, home equity lines of credit and bridge loan portfolio as of September 30, 2022. Home equity lines of credit in the draw period are reported according to geographical distribution.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Credit Exposure | | Principal Balance | | Percent Delinquent 90 days or More | | Mean CLTV Percent at Origination(2) | | Current Mean CLTV Percent(3) |
| (Dollars in thousands) | | | | | | |
Home equity lines of credit in draw period (by state): | | | | | | | | | |
Ohio | $ | 2,003,950 | | | $ | 612,556 | | | 0.03 | % | | 60 | % | | 44 | % |
Florida | 1,138,697 | | | 468,569 | | | 0.04 | % | | 55 | % | | 40 | % |
California | 1,006,718 | | | 383,666 | | | 0.04 | % | | 60 | % | | 48 | % |
Other (1) | 2,308,394 | | | 908,125 | | | 0.05 | % | | 63 | % | | 49 | % |
Total home equity lines of credit in draw period | 6,457,759 | | | 2,372,916 | | | 0.04 | % | | 60 | % | | 45 | % |
Home equity lines in repayment, home equity loans and bridge loans | 260,962 | | | 260,962 | | | 0.49 | % | | 59 | % | | 37 | % |
Total | $ | 6,718,721 | | | $ | 2,633,878 | | | 0.09 | % | | 60 | % | | 45 | % |
______________________
(1)No other individual state has a committed or drawn balance greater than 10% of our total equity lending portfolio and 5% of total loans.
(2)Mean CLTV percent at origination for all home equity lines of credit is based on the committed amount.
(3)Current Mean CLTV is based on best available first mortgage and property values as of September 30, 2022. Property values are estimated using HPI data published by the FHFA. Current Mean CLTV percent for home equity lines of credit in the draw period is calculated using the committed amount. Current Mean CLTV on home equity lines of credit in the repayment period is calculated using the principal balance.
At September 30, 2022, 36.9% of our home equity lending portfolio was either in a first lien position (20.4%), in a subordinate (second) lien position behind a first lien that we held (13.9%) or behind a first lien that was held by a loan that we originated, sold and now service for others (2.6%). At September 30, 2022, 13.7% of our home equity line of credit portfolio in the draw period was making only the minimum payment on the outstanding line balance.
The following table sets forth by calendar origination year, the credit exposure, principal balance, percent delinquent 90 days or more, the mean CLTV percent at the time of origination and the current mean CLTV percent of our home equity loans, home equity lines of credit and bridge loan portfolio as of September 30, 2022. Home equity lines of credit in the draw period are included in the year originated: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Credit Exposure | | Principal Balance | | Percent Delinquent 90 Days or More | | Mean CLTV Percent at Origination(1) | | Current Mean CLTV Percent(2) |
| (Dollars in thousands) | | | | | | |
Home equity lines of credit in draw period | | | | | | | | | |
2014 and Prior | $ | 68,140 | | | $ | 14,216 | | | — | % | | 58 | % | | 29 | % |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | |
2015 | 98,495 | | | 24,558 | | | — | % | | 57 | % | | 30 | % |
2016 | 257,607 | | | 76,933 | | | — | % | | 59 | % | | 34 | % |
2017 | 531,853 | | | 181,534 | | | 0.16 | % | | 58 | % | | 35 | % |
2018 | 667,072 | | | 259,483 | | | 0.17 | % | | 58 | % | | 37 | % |
2019 | 884,797 | | | 388,800 | | | 0.07 | % | | 61 | % | | 42 | % |
2020 | 823,666 | | | 307,524 | | | — | % | | 58 | % | | 42 | % |
2021 | 1,622,849 | | | 648,671 | | | — | % | | 62 | % | | 52 | % |
2022 | 1,503,280 | | | 471,197 | | | 0.01 | % | | 61 | % | | 60 | % |
Total home equity lines of credit in draw period | 6,457,759 | | | 2,372,916 | | | 0.04 | % | | 60 | % | | 45 | % |
Home equity lines in repayment, home equity (3) loans and bridge loans | 260,962 | | | 260,962 | | | 0.49 | % | | 59 | % | | 37 | % |
Total | $ | 6,718,721 | | | $ | 2,633,878 | | | 0.09 | % | | 60 | % | | 45 | % |
______________________
(1)Mean CLTV percent at origination for all home equity lines of credit is based on the committed amount.
(2)Current Mean CLTV is based on best available first mortgage and property values as of September 30, 2022. Property values are estimated using HPI data published by the FHFA. Current Mean CLTV percent for home equity lines of credit in the draw period is calculated using the committed amount. Current Mean CLTV on home equity lines of credit in the repayment period is calculated using the principal balance.
(3)The principal balance of all home equity products no longer in the draw period is $97.0 million, a portion of which represents home equity lines of credit originated in 2009 or earlier which had delinquency levels comparatively higher than the years following 2010. Home equity lines of credit originated during those years also saw higher loan amounts, higher permitted LTV ratios, and lower credit scores.
The following table sets forth by fiscal year when the draw period expires, the principal balance of home equity lines of credit in the draw period as of September 30, 2022, segregated by the current combined LTV range. Home equity lines of credit with an end of draw date in the current fiscal year include accounts with draw privileges that have been temporarily suspended.
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| Current CLTV Category |
Home equity lines of credit in draw period (by end of draw fiscal year): | < 80% | | 80 - 89.9% | | 90 - 100% | | >100% | | Unknown (1) | | Total |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
2022 | $45,943 | | $— | | $— | | $— | | $— | | $45,943 |
2023 | 1,575 | | | 52 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 1,627 | |
2024 | 9,017 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 9,017 | |
2025 | 24,616 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 13 | | | 24,629 | |
2026 | 40,855 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 40,855 | |
2027 | 153,472 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 122 | | | 153,594 | |
Post 2027 | 2,093,384 | | | 2,711 | | | 53 | | | 140 | | | 963 | | | 2,097,251 | |
Total | $2,368,862 | | $2,763 | | $53 | | $140 | | $1,098 | | $2,372,916 |
______________________
(1) Market data necessary for stratification is not readily available.
As shown in the table above, the principal balance of home equity lines of credit in the draw period that have a current mean CLTV over 80% or unknown is $4.1 million, or 0.2% at September 30, 2022. In recognition of previous past weakness in the housing market, we continue to conduct an expanded loan level evaluation of our home equity lines of credit which are delinquent 90 days or more.
Construction Loans. The Company originates construction loans to individuals for the construction of their personal single-family residence by a qualified builder (construction/permanent loans). The Company’s construction/permanent loans generally provide for disbursements to the builder or sub-contractors during the construction phase as work progresses. During the construction phase, the borrower only pays interest on the drawn balance. Upon completion of construction, the loan converts to a permanent amortizing loan without the expense of a second closing. The Company offers construction/permanent loans with fixed or adjustable rates, and a current maximum loan-to-completed-appraised value ratio of 85%. At September 30, 2022, construction loans totaled $121.8 million, or 0.8% of total loans receivable. At September 30, 2022, the unadvanced portion of these construction loans totaled $72.3 million.
Construction financing generally involves greater credit risk than long-term financing on improved, owner-occupied real estate. Risk of loss on a construction loan depends largely upon the accuracy of the initial estimate of the value of the property at completion of construction compared to the estimated cost (including interest) of construction and other assumptions. If the estimate of construction cost proves to be inaccurate, the Company may be required to advance additional funds beyond the amount originally committed in order to protect the value of the property. Moreover, if the estimated value of the completed project proves to be inaccurate, the borrower may hold a property with a value that is insufficient to assure full repayment of the construction loan upon the sale of the property. This is more likely to occur when home prices are falling.
Loan Originations, Purchases, Sales, Participations and Servicing. Lending activities are primarily conducted by the Company’s loan personnel (all of whom are non-commissioned associates) operating at our main and branch office locations and at our loan production offices. All loans that the Company originates are underwritten pursuant to its policies and procedures, which, for real estate loans, are consistent with the ability to repay guidance provided by the CFPB. Loans originated with the intent to sell and certain other long-term, fixed-rate loans, as described below, are originated using Fannie Mae processing and underwriting guidelines. The majority of loans, however, are originated using guidelines that are similar, but not identical to Fannie Mae processing and underwriting guidelines. The Company originates both adjustable-rate and fixed-rate loans and advertises extensively throughout its market area. Its ability to originate fixed- or adjustable-rate loans is dependent upon the relative consumer demand for such loans, which is affected by current market interest rates as well as anticipated future market interest rates. The Company’s loan origination and sales activity may be adversely affected by a rising interest rate environment or economic recession, which typically results in decreased loan demand. The Company’s residential real estate mortgage loan originations are generated by its in-house loan representatives, by direct mail solicitations, by referrals from existing or past customers, by referrals from local builders and real estate brokers, from calls to its telephone call center and from the internet. The Company also purchases fixed-rate first mortgage loans through a correspondent lending partnership.
A vast majority of all loans originated are done so with the intent to hold. The Company later determines whether to sell or securitize the loans that it holds, after evaluating current and projected market interest rates, its interest rate risk objectives, its liquidity needs and other factors. During the fiscal year ended September 30, 2022, the Company sold, or committed to sell, to Fannie Mae, in either whole loan or security form, $128.1 million of long-term, fixed-rate residential real estate mortgage loans, all on a servicing retained basis. The Company has also previously sold to private parties, non-agency eligible, adjustable-rate loans on a servicing retained basis. Those sales evidenced the saleability of our loans that are not originated in accordance with agency specified procedures, including adjustable-rate loans. As described in Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation - Controlling Our Interest Rate Risk Exposure, only a portion of the Company's first mortgage loan originations are eligible for securitization and sale in Fannie Mae mortgage backed security form. The balance of loans held for sale was $9.7 million at September 30, 2022.
In fiscal year 2022, the Company started a new pilot program to originate loans with the intent to sell following a more traditional mortgage banking model including risk based pricing and loan level price adjustments. The pilot is marketed under the name Mortgage Passport and is considered a division of the Association. The impact to the Company from the pilot program for this fiscal year is considered immaterial and therefore no breakout is provided.
Historically, the Company has retained the servicing rights on all residential real estate mortgage loans that it has sold, and intends to continue this practice into the future. At September 30, 2022, the Company serviced loans owned by others with a principal balance of $2.05 billion. Loan servicing includes collecting and remitting loan payments, accounting for principal and interest, contacting delinquent borrowers, supervising foreclosures and property dispositions in the event of unremedied defaults, making certain insurance and tax payments on behalf of the borrowers and generally administering the loans. The Company retains a portion of the interest paid by the borrower on the loans it services as consideration for its servicing activities.
Loan Approval Procedures and Authority. The Company’s lending activities follow written underwriting standards and loan origination procedures established by its Board of Directors. The loan approval process is intended to assess the borrower’s ability to repay the loan and the value of the property that will secure the loan. To assess the borrower’s ability to repay, the Company reviews the borrower’s employment and credit history and information on the historical and projected income and expenses of the borrower.
The Company’s policies and loan approval limits are established by its Board of Directors. The Company’s Board of Directors has delegated authority to its Executive Committee (consisting of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and two directors) to review and assign lending authorities to certain individuals of the Company to consider and approve loans within their designated authority. Residential real estate mortgage loans and construction loans require the approval of one individual with designated underwriting authority.
The Company requires independent third-party valuations of real property. Appraisals are performed by independent licensed/certified appraisers.
Delinquent Loans. The following tables set forth the amortized cost in loan delinquencies by type, segregated by geographic location and duration of delinquency at the dates indicated. The majority of our Home Today loan portfolio is secured by properties located in Ohio and there are no other loans with delinquent balances. There were also no delinquencies in the construction loan portfolio for the fiscal years presented.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Loans Delinquent For | |
| | 30-89 Days | | 90 Days or More | | Total |
| | (Dollars in thousands) |
September 30, 2022 | | | | | | |
Real estate loans: | | | | | | |
Residential Core | | | | | | |
Ohio | | $ | 2,862 | | | $ | 4,332 | | | $ | 7,194 | |
Florida | | 1,009 | | | 1,066 | | | 2,075 | |
Other | | 345 | | | 3,883 | | | 4,228 | |
Total Residential Core | | 4,216 | | | 9,281 | | | 13,497 | |
Residential Home Today | | 2,111 | | | 861 | | | 2,972 | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
Home equity loans and lines of credit | | | | | | |
Ohio | | 630 | | | 679 | | | 1,309 | |
Florida | | 438 | | | 694 | | | 1,132 | |
California | | 427 | | | 444 | | | 871 | |
Other | | 900 | | | 504 | | | 1,404 | |
Total Home equity loans and lines of credit | | 2,395 | | | 2,321 | | | 4,716 | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 8,722 | | | $ | 12,463 | | | $ | 21,185 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Loans Delinquent For | | |
| | 30-89 Days | | 90 Days or More | | Total |
| (Dollars in thousands) |
September 30, 2021 | | | | | | |
Real estate loans: | | | | | | |
Residential Core | | | | | | |
Ohio | | $ | 3,217 | | | $ | 5,729 | | | $ | 8,946 | |
Florida | | 874 | | | 1,093 | | | 1,967 | |
Other | | 1,814 | | | 2,548 | | | 4,362 | |
Total Residential Core | | 5,905 | | | 9,370 | | | 15,275 | |
Residential Home Today | | 1,909 | | | 2,068 | | | 3,977 | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
Home equity loans and lines of credit | | | | | | |
Ohio | | 333 | | | 1,348 | | | 1,681 | |
Florida | | 432 | | | 787 | | | 1,219 | |
California | | 278 | | | 1,074 | | | 1,352 | |
Other | | 195 | | | |