Risk Management Activities and Derivative Transactions Risk Management Activities and Derivative Transactions (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2025

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]

Summary of Derivative Instruments That Receive Hedge Accounting Treatment

The following tables summarize the accounting treatment that certain of TVA's financial derivative transactions receive:

Summary of Derivative Instruments That Receive Hedge Accounting Treatment (part 1)  Amount of Mark-to-Market Gain (Loss) Recognized in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) For the years ended September 30 (in millions)
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationship	Objective of Hedge Transaction	Accounting for Derivative Hedging Instrument	2025		2024
Currency swaps	To protect against changes in cash flows caused by changes in foreign currency exchange rates (exchange rate risk)	Unrealized gains and losses are recorded in AOCI and reclassified to Interest expense to the extent they are offset by gains and losses on the hedged transaction	$	1	$	25

Summary of Derivative Instruments That Receive Hedge Accounting Treatment (part 2)(1) Amount of Gain (Loss) Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) to Interest Expense For the years ended September 30 (in millions)
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationship	2025		2024
Currency swaps	$	3	$	48

Note

(1) There were no amounts excluded from effectiveness testing for any of the periods presented. Based on forecasted foreign currency exchange rates, TVA expects to reclassify approximately $14 million of gains from AOCI to Interest expense within the next 12 months to offset amounts anticipated to be recorded in Interest expense related to the forecasted exchange loss on the debt.

Summary of Derivative Instruments That Do Not Receive Hedge Accounting Treatment

Summary of Derivative Instruments That Do Not Receive Hedge Accounting Treatment Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income on Derivatives(1) For the years ended September 30 (in millions)
Derivative Type	Objective of Derivative	Accounting for Derivative Instrument	2025		2024
Interest rate swaps	To fix short-term debt variable rate to a fixed rate (interest rate risk)	Mark-to-market gains and losses are recorded as regulatory liabilities and assets, respectively Realized gains and losses are recognized in Interest expense when incurred during the settlement period and are presented in operating cash flow	$	45	$	(31)
Commodity derivatives under the FHP	To protect against fluctuations in market prices of purchased commodities (price risk)	Mark-to-market gains and losses are recorded as regulatory liabilities and assets, respectively Realized gains and losses are recognized in Fuel expense or Purchased power expense as the contracts settle to match the delivery period of the underlying commodity(2)	(93)		(295)

Notes

(1) All of TVA's derivative instruments that do not receive hedge accounting treatment have unrealized gains (losses) that would otherwise be recognized in income but instead are deferred as regulatory liabilities and assets. As such, there were no related gains (losses) recognized in income for these unrealized gains (losses) for the years ended September 30, 2025 and 2024.

(2) Of the amount recognized in 2025, $77 million and $16 million were reported in Fuel expense and Purchased power expense, respectively. Of the amount recognized in 2024, $245 million and $50 million were reported in Fuel expense and Purchased power expense, respectively.

Fair Values of TVA Derivatives

Fair Values of TVA Derivatives At September 30 (in millions)
	2025			2024
Derivatives That Receive Hedge Accounting Treatment:
	Balance		Balance Sheet Presentation	Balance		Balance Sheet Presentation
Currency swaps
£250 million Sterling	$	(47)	Accounts payable and accrued liabilities $(4); Other long-term liabilities $(43)	$	(49)	Accounts payable and accrued liabilities $(4); Other long-term liabilities $(45)
£150 million Sterling	(68)		Accounts payable and accrued liabilities $(3); Other long-term liabilities $(65)	(67)		Accounts payable and accrued liabilities $(3); Other long-term liabilities $(64)
Derivatives That Do Not Receive Hedge Accounting Treatment:
	Balance		Balance Sheet Presentation	Balance		Balance Sheet Presentation
Interest rate swaps
$1.0 billion notional	$	(526)	Accounts payable and accrued liabilities $(13); Accrued interest $(28); Other long-term liabilities $(485)	$	(622)	Accounts payable and accrued liabilities $(10), Accrued interest $(26); Other long-term liabilities $(586)
$476 million notional	(172)		Accounts payable and accrued liabilities $(5); Accrued interest $(9); Other long-term liabilities $(158)	(218)		Accounts payable and accrued liabilities $(3), Accrued interest $(9); Other long-term liabilities $(206)
Commodity contract derivatives	10		Other current assets $14; Other long-term assets $2; Accounts payable and accrued liabilities $(2); Other long-term liabilities $(4)	2		Other current assets $5; Other long-term assets $2; Accounts payable and accrued liabilities $(3); Other long-term liabilities $(2)
Commodity derivatives under the FHP	(57)		Other long-term assets $8; Accounts payable and accrued liabilities $(57); Other long-term liabilities $(8)	(161)		Accounts payable and accrued liabilities $(99); Other long-term liabilities $(62)

Currency Swaps Outstanding

TVA had the following currency swaps outstanding at September 30, 2025:

Currency Swaps Outstanding
Effective Date of Currency Swap Contract	Associated TVA Bond Issues Currency Exposure	Expiration Date of Swap	Overall Effective Cost to TVA
2001	£250 million	2032	6.587%
2003	£150 million	2043	4.962%

Commodity Contract Derivatives

Commodity Contract Derivatives  At September 30
	2025				2024
	Number of Contracts	Notional Amount	Fair Value (MtM) (in millions)		Number of Contracts	Notional Amount	Fair Value (MtM) (in millions)
Natural gas contract derivatives	53	562 million mmBtu	$	10	45	321 million mmBtu	$	2

Offsetting Assets and Liabilities

The amounts of TVA's derivative instruments as reported on the Consolidated Balance Sheets are shown in the table below:

Derivative Assets and Liabilities(1) At September 30 (in millions)
	2025		2024
Assets
Commodity contract derivatives	16		7
Commodity derivatives under the FHP(2)	8		—
Total derivatives subject to master netting or similar arrangement	$	24	$	7
Liabilities
Currency swaps	$	115	$	116
Interest rate swaps(3)	698		840
Commodity contract derivatives	6		5
Commodity derivatives under the FHP(2)	65		161
Total derivatives subject to master netting or similar arrangement	$	884	$	1,122

Notes

(1) Offsetting amounts include counterparty netting of derivative contracts. Except as discussed below, there were no other material offsetting amounts on TVA's Consolidated Balance Sheets at either September 30, 2025 or 2024.

(2) At September 30, 2025, the gross derivative asset and gross derivative liability was $28 million and $85 million, respectively, with offsetting amounts for each totaling $20 million. At September 30, 2024, the gross derivative asset and gross derivative liability were $4 million and $165 million, respectively, with offsetting amounts for each totaling $4 million.

(3) Letters of credit of approximately $442 million and $535 million were posted as collateral at September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, to partially secure the liability positions of one of the interest rate swaps in accordance with the collateral requirements for this derivative.

Schedule of Derivative Instruments Commodity Contracts under FHP

Commodity Derivatives under Financial Hedging Program(1) At September 30
	2025					2024
	Number of Contracts	Notional Amount		Fair Value (MtM) (in millions)		Number of Contracts	Notional Amount		Fair Value (MtM) (in millions)
Natural gas swap contracts	295	300	million mmBtu	$	(57)	126	230	million mmBtu	$	(161)

Note

(1) Fair value amounts presented are based on the net commodity position with the counterparty. Notional amounts disclosed represent the net value of contractual amounts.