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Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Basis of Accounting, Policy [Policy Text Block]
 

a)

Basis of presentation 

 

The consolidated financial statements are prepared and presented in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”).

 

Consolidation, Policy [Policy Text Block]
 

b)

Principles of consolidation

 

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of all the subsidiaries and VIEs of the Company. All transactions and balances between the Company and its subsidiaries and VIEs have been eliminated upon consolidation.

 

Use of Estimates, Policy [Policy Text Block]
 

c)

Use of estimates

 

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of these consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. The Company continually evaluates these estimates and assumptions based on the most recently available information, historical experience and various other assumptions that the Company believes to be reasonable under the circumstances. Since the use of estimates is an integral component of the financial reporting process, actual results could differ from those estimates.

 

Foreign Currency Transactions and Translations Policy [Policy Text Block]
 

d)

Foreign currency translation and transactions

 

The Company conducts substantially all of its operations through its PRC operating subsidiaries and VIEs, PRC is the primary economic environment in which the Company operates. For financial reporting purposes, the financial statements of the Company’s PRC operating subsidiaries and VIEs, which are prepared using the functional currency of the PRC, Renminbi (“RMB”), are translated into the Company’s reporting currency, the United States Dollar (“U.S. dollar”). Assets and liabilities are translated using the exchange rate at each balance sheet date. Revenue and expenses are translated using average rates prevailing during each reporting period, and stockholders’ equity is translated at historical exchange rates. Adjustments resulting from the translation are recorded as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income in stockholders’ equity.

 

Transactions denominated in currencies other than the functional currency are translated into the functional currency at the exchange rates prevailing at the dates of the transactions. The resulting exchange differences are included in the determination of net loss of the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss for the respective periods.

 

The exchange rates used to translate amounts in RMB into US$ for the purposes of preparing the consolidated financial statements are as follows:

 

  

As of December 31,

 
  

2022

  

2021

 
         

Balance sheet items, except for equity accounts

  6.9646   6.3757 

 

  

Year Ended December 31,

 
  

2022

  

2021

 
         

Items in the statements of operations and comprehensive loss

  6.7261   6.4515 

 

No representation is made that the RMB amounts could have been or could be converted into US$ at the above rates.

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents, Policy [Policy Text Block]
 

e)

Cash and cash equivalents

 

Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on hand and bank deposits. The Company considers all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less at the time of purchase to be cash equivalents.

 

The Company’s cash is held in accounts at major financial institutions located in the U.S. and the PRC. As of December 31, 2022, US$1.66 million of the Company’s cash was held in accounts at financial institutions located in the U.S., and the remaining US$2.73 million was held in the accounts at financial institutions located in the PRC. The Company believes that these financial institutions are of high credit quality, all of which have participated in the federal/national deposit insurance scheme of their respective jurisdiction. The Company’s cash held in accounts at the financial institutions in the U.S. are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) for up to US$0.25 million per depositor per insured bank and the cash held in accounts at the financial institutions in the PRC are insured by the Deposit Insurance Capital Corporation (DICC), a wholly-owned subsidiary of the People’s Bank of China, for up to RMB0.50 million per depositor per insured bank. The Company, its subsidiaries, VIEs and VIEs’ subsidiaries have not experienced any losses in such accounts in the U.S. and the PRC and do not believe their cash is exposed to any significant risk.

 

The cash held in accounts at the financial institutions in the PRC is in Renminbi. Renminbi is not freely convertible into other currencies. The Chinese government imposes controls on the convertibility of Renminbi into foreign currencies and, in certain cases, the remittance of currency out of China. Renminbi is currently convertible under the “current account,” which includes dividends, trade and service-related foreign exchange transactions, but not under the “capital account,” which includes foreign direct investment and foreign debt. Currently, our PRC subsidiaries may purchase foreign currency for settlement of current account transactions, including payment of dividends to us, without the approval of the State Administration of Foreign Exchange of China (the “SAFE”) by complying with certain procedural requirements. However, the relevant Chinese governmental authorities may limit or eliminate our ability to purchase foreign currencies in the future for current account transactions. The Chinese government may continue to strengthen its capital controls, and additional restrictions and substantial vetting processes may be instituted by the SAFE for cross-border transactions falling under both the current account and the capital account. Foreign exchange transactions under the capital account remain subject to limitations and require approvals from, or registration with, the SAFE and other relevant Chinese governmental authorities. There is no restriction for the Company to transfer its cash held in accounts at the financial institutions located in the U.S. outside the border of the U.S.

 

The Company is a Nevada holding company with operations primarily conducted in China through its PRC subsidiaries, VIEs and VIEs’ subsidiaries. The intercompany flow of funds within its organization is effected through capital contributions and intercompany loans, which requires prior approval by the delegated executive officers before execution.

 

The Company has transferred, and intends to continue to transfer, most of its cash raised from the U.S. stock market to its PRC operating entities to support their operations and expansions. The Company’s ability to pay dividends to U.S. investors may depend on receiving dividends or other distributions from its PRC subsidiaries and settlement of the amounts owed under the VIE agreements from the consolidated VIEs. The Company does not have any present plan to demand the consolidated VIEs to settle their amounts owed under the VIE agreements, or make any distribution of earnings or issue any dividends directly or indirectly to the Nevada holding company. In addition, the Company also currently does not have any plan to pay any cash dividends on its common stock in the foreseeable future.

 

For the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company did not transfer any cash to its operating subsidiaries. One of the Company’s subsidiaries paid US$0.48 million operating expenses in cash on behalf of the Company to the service providers, as a repayment of shareholder loans provided by the Company to this subsidiary in previous years. For the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company transferred aggregately US$16.33 million cash to its operating subsidiaries to support their business operations and expansions, of which US$5.0 million was transferred in form of capital contributions and US$11.33 million was transferred in form of shareholder loans, of which a US$2.0 million loan was subsequently converted to capital contribution during 2022.

 

For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company’s operating subsidiaries transferred US$0.34 million and US$4.25 million cash to the consolidated VIEs in form of loans, respectively.

 

For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company’s PRC subsidiaries, the VIEs, and VIE’s subsidiaries did not transfer any cash outside of the PRC.

 

Accounts Receivable [Policy Text Block]
 

f)

Accounts receivable, net

 

Accounts receivable are recorded at net realizable value consisting of the carrying amount less an allowance for uncollectible accounts as needed. The allowance for doubtful accounts is the Company’s best estimate of the amount of probable credit losses in the Company’s existing accounts receivable. The Company determines the allowance based on aging data, historical collection experience, customer specific facts and economic conditions. Account balances are charged off against the allowance after all means of collection have been exhausted and the potential for recovery is considered remote. The Company did not have any off-balance-sheet credit exposure relating to its customers, suppliers or others. For the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company recorded approximately US$1.76 million of allowance for doubtful accounts against its accounts receivable. For the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company did not provide any allowance for doubtful accounts against its accounts receivable.

 

Investment, Policy [Policy Text Block]
 

g)

Long-term investments

 

The Company’s investments in equity securities and other ownership interests (except those accounted for under the equity method of accounting or those that resulted in consolidation of the investee), i.e. investments in investee companies that are not consolidated, and over which the Company does not exercise significant influence, are accounted for in accordance with ASC Topic 321: “Investments-Equity securities”. The Company generally owns less than 20% interest in the voting securities of these investee companies. In accordance with ASC 321-10-35-2, the Company chooses to measure these investments which do not have readily determinable fair values at cost minus impairment, if any, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or a similar investment of the Company and records the carrying value of these investments as “Long-term investments” in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets.

 

In accordance with ASC 321-10-35-3, the Company writes down the carrying value of these investments to its fair value if a qualitative assessment indicates that the investment is impaired, and the fair value of the investment is less than its carrying value, as determined using the guidance in ASC 321-10-35-2.

 

For the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company recorded approximately US$0.60 million impairment loss associated with its long-term investments. For the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company did not record any impairment loss associated with its long-term investments.

 

Property, Plant and Equipment, Policy [Policy Text Block]
 

h)

Property and equipment, net

 

Property and equipment are recorded at cost less accumulated depreciation/amortization. Depreciation/amortization is calculated on the straight-line method after taking into account their respective estimated residual values over the following estimated useful lives:

 

Leasehold improvements (years)

3

Vehicles (years)

5

Office equipment (years)

3

-

5

Electronic devices (years)

5

 

Depreciation/amortization expenses of fixed assets are included in sales and marketing expenses, general and administrative expenses and research and development expenses. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the lesser of the lease term or estimated useful life.

 

When property and equipment are retired or otherwise disposed of, resulting gain or loss is included in net income or loss in the period of disposition. Maintenance and repairs which do not improve or extend the expected useful lives of the assets are charged to expenses as incurred, whereas the cost of renewals and betterments that extend the useful life of the assets are capitalized as additions to the related assets.

 

Intangible Assets, Finite-Lived, Policy [Policy Text Block]
 

i)

Intangible assets, net

 

The Company accounted for cost related to internal-used software in accordance with ASC Topic 350-40 “Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software”. Internal-use software is initially recorded at cost and amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful economic life of 3 to 10 years.

 

Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets, Including Intangible Assets, Policy [Policy Text Block]
 

j)

Impairment of long-lived assets

 

In accordance with ASC 360-10-35, long-lived assets, which include tangible long-lived assets and intangible long-lived assets, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of long-lived assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of the asset to the estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated future undiscounted cash flows, an impairment loss is recognized for the difference between the carrying amount of the asset and its fair value.

 

For the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company recorded aggregately US$2.12 million impairment loss associated with its intangible assets. For the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company did not record any impairment loss associated with its long-lived assets.

 

Fair Value Measurement, Policy [Policy Text Block]
 

k)

Fair value

 

The Company’s financial instruments primarily consist of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, short-term loans to unrelated parties and accounts payable. The carrying values of these financial instruments approximate fair values due to their short maturities.

 

ASC Topic 820 "Fair Value Measurement and Disclosures," defines fair value as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. This topic also establishes a fair value hierarchy which requires classification based on observable and unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. There are three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:

 

Level 1 - Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

 

Level 2 - Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.

 

Level 3 - Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.

 

Determining which category an asset or liability falls within the hierarchy requires significant judgment. The Company evaluates its hierarchy disclosures each quarter.

 

Liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis by level within the fair value hierarchy as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 is as follows:

 

      

Fair value measurement at reporting date using

 
  

As of

December 31, 2022

  

Quoted Prices
in Active Markets
for Identical Assets/Liabilities
(Level 1)

  

Significant
Other
Observable Inputs
(Level 2)

  

Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)

 
  

US$(000)

  

US$(000)

  

US$(000)

  

US$(000)

 
                 

Warrant liabilities

  185   -   -   185 

 

      

Fair value measurement at reporting date using

 
  

As of

December 31, 2021

  

Quoted Prices
in Active Markets
for Identical Assets/Liabilities
(Level 1)

  

Significant
Other
Observable Inputs
(Level 2)

  

Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)

 
  

US$(000)

  

US$(000)

  

US$(000)

  

US$(000)

 
                 

Warrant liabilities

  2,039   -   -   2,039 

 

Significant unobservable inputs utilized to determine the fair value of the Company’s warrant liabilities was disclosed in Note 16.

 

Stockholders' Equity, Policy [Policy Text Block]
 

l)

Reverse stock split

 

The Board of Directors of the Company approved a reverse stock split of the Company’s issued and outstanding shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “Common Stock”) at a ratio of 1-for-5 (the “Reverse Stock Split”). The Reverse Stock Split became effective on January 18, 2023 (the “Effective Date”). As a result, the number of shares of the Company’s authorized Common Stock was reduced from 100,000,000 shares to 20,000,000 shares and the issued and outstanding number of shares of the Common Stock was correspondingly decreased. The Reverse Stock Split has no effect on the par value of the Company’s Common Stock or authorized shares of preferred stock.

 

When the Reverse Stock Split became effective, each five shares of issued and outstanding Common Stock were automatically converted into one newly issued and outstanding share of Common Stock. No fractional shares were issued in connection with the Reverse Stock Split. Any fractional shares of Common Stock that would have otherwise resulted from the Reverse Stock Split were rounded up to the nearest full share. No cash or other consideration was paid in connection with any fractional shares that would otherwise have resulted from the Reverse Stock Split.

 

As a result of the Reverse Stock Split, 35,827,677 shares of Common Stock that were issued and outstanding at January 18, 2023 was reduced to 7,174,506 shares of Common Stock (taking into account the rounding of fractional shares).

 

Except where otherwise specified, all number of shares, number of warrants, share prices, exercise prices and per share data in the consolidated financial statements and notes to the consolidated financial statements have been retroactively restated as if the Reverse Stock Split occurred at the beginning of the periods presented.

 

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Policy Text Block]
 

m)

Revenue recognition

 

In accordance with ASC Topic 606, revenues are recognized when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to the Company’s customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. In determining when and how much revenue is recognized from contracts with customers, the Company performs the following five-step analysis: (1) identify the contract(s) with a customer; (2) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (3) determine the transaction price; (4) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; (5) recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation.

 

Multiple performance obligations included in the Company’s contracts with customers are neither capable of being distinct, that is, can benefit the customer on its own or together with other readily available resources, nor is distinct within the context of the contract, that is, the promise to transfer the service separately identifiable from other promises in the contract.

 

The Company’s contract with customers do not include significant financing component and any variable consideration.

 

Advance from customers related to unsatisfied performance obligations are generally refundable. Refund of advance from customers was insignificant for both the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021.

 

The Company does not believe that significant management judgements are involved in revenue recognition, but the amount and timing of the Company’s revenues could be different for any period if management made different judgments or utilized different estimates. Generally, the Company recognizes revenue under ASC Topic 606 for each type of its performance obligation either over time or at a point in time as follows:

 

Distribution of the right to use search engine marketing service

 

Revenue from distribution of the right to use search engine marketing service is recognized on a monthly basis based on the direct cost consumed through search engines for providing such services with a premium (“over time”). The Company recognizes the revenue on a gross basis, because the Company determines that it is a principal in the transaction who control the goods or services before they are transferred to the customers.

 

Online advertising placement service/ecommerce advertising placement service

 

For online advertising placement service contracts and other ecommerce advertising placement service contracts that are established based on a fixed price scheme with the related advertisement placements obligation, the Company provides advertisement placements in specified locations on the Company’s advertising portals for agreed periods and/or place the advertisements onto the Company’s purchased advertisement time on specific outdoor billboards for agreed periods. Revenue is recognized ratably over the period the advertisement is placed and, as such, the Company considers the services to have been delivered (“over time”).

 

Blockchain-based SaaS services

 

The Company develops blockchain enabled web/mobile applications and provides Software-as-a-Service (“SaaS”) services for clients. Fixed periodical subscription fee revenues for the use of the Company’s Blockchain Integrated Framework (“BIF”) platform are recognized ratably on a monthly basis over the period of the subscription service (“over time”). Revenues related to the Non-fungible Token (“NFT”) generation service provided through the BIF platform are recognized based on a fixed price per NFT generation, when a NFT is generated, delivered and accepted by customers (“point in time”).

 

The following tables present the Company’s revenues disaggregated by products and services and timing of revenue recognition:

 

  

Year Ended December 31,

 
  

2022

  

2021

 
  

US$(000)

  

US$(000)

 

Internet advertising and related service

        

--distribution of the right to use search engine marketing service

  22,262   39,224 

--online advertising placements

  3,548   7,442 

Ecommerce O2O advertising and marketing services

  -   662 

Blockchain-based SaaS services

  425   - 

Total revenues

 $26,235  $47,328 

 

  

Year Ended December 31,

 
  

2022

  

2021

 
  

US$(000)

  

US$(000)

 
         

Revenue recognized over time

  25,835   47,328 

Revenue recognized at a point in time

  400   - 

Total revenues

 $26,235  $47,328 

 

Contract costs

 

For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company did not have any significant incremental costs of obtaining contracts with customers incurred and/or costs incurred in fulfilling contracts with customers, that shall be recognized as an asset and amortized to expenses in a pattern that matches the timing of the revenue recognition of the related contract.

 

Contract balances

 

The Company evaluates overall economic conditions, its working capital status and customer specific credit and negotiates the payment terms of a contract with individual customer on a case-by-case basis in its normal course of business.

 

Advances received from customers related to unsatisfied performance obligations are recoded as contract liabilities (advance from customers), which will be realized as revenues upon the satisfaction of performance obligations through the transfer of related promised goods and services to customers.

 

For contracts without a full or any advance payments required, the Company bills the customers any unpaid contract price immediately upon satisfaction of the related performance obligations when revenue is recognized.

 

The Company does not have any contract assets (unbilled receivables) since revenue is recognized when control of the promised goods or services is transferred and the payment from customers is not contingent on a future event.

 

The Company’s contract liabilities primarily consist of advance from customers related to unsatisfied performance obligations in relation to online advertising placement service and distribution of the right to use search engine marketing service. All contract liabilities are expected to be recognized as revenue within one year. The table below summarized the movement of the Company’s contract liabilities for the two years ended December 31, 2022:

 

  

Contract liabilities

 
  

US$(000)

 
     

Balance as of January 1, 2021

  1,436 

Exchange translation adjustment

  34 

Revenue recognized from beginning contract liability balance

  (1,390)

Advances received from customers related to unsatisfied performance obligations

  1,165 

Balance as of December 31, 2021

  1,245 

Exchange translation adjustment

  (105)

Revenue recognized from beginning contract liability balance

  (1,104)

Advances received from customers related to unsatisfied performance obligations

  703 

Balance as of December 31, 2022

  739 

 

For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, there is no revenue recognized from performance obligations that were satisfied in prior periods.

 

Transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligation

 

The Company has elected to apply the practical expedient in paragraph ASC Topic 606-10-50-14 and did not disclose the information related to transaction price allocated to the performance obligations that are unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, because all performance obligations of the Company’s contracts with customers have an original expected duration of one year or less.

 

Cost of Goods and Service [Policy Text Block]
 

n)

Cost of revenues

 

Cost of revenues primarily includes the cost of Internet and other forms of advertising resources and related technical services purchased from third parties, amortization of software platform development cost and other direct cost associated with providing services.

 

Research and Development Expense, Policy [Policy Text Block]
 

o)

Research and development expenses

 

The Company accounts for expenses for the enhancement, maintenance and technical support to the Company’s Internet platforms and intellectual properties that are used in its daily operations in research and development expenses. Research and development costs are charged to expense when incurred. Expenses for research and development for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 were approximately US$0.23 million and US$0.33 million, respectively.

 

Lessee, Leases [Policy Text Block]
 

p)

Lease

 

The Company leases office spaces from unrelated parties in its normal course of business. Other than these office spaces lease contracts, the Company does not have any other contract that is or contains a lease under ASC Topic 842.

 

The Company’s lease contracts do not contain any option for the Company to extend or terminate the lease, and do not contain the option for the Company to purchase the underlying assets. Based on the noncancelable lease period in the contract, the Company considers contract-based, asset-based, market-based and entity-based factors to determine the term over which it is reasonably certain to extend the lease, and then determine the lease term of each contract, which is 1-8 years. The Company’s lease contracts only contain fixed lease payments and do not contain any residual value guarantee.

 

The Company’s office lease contracts do not contain any nonlease component and are classified as operating leases in accordance with ASC Topic 842-10-25-3.

 

For lease contracts with a duration of twelve months or less and thus met the definition of a short-term lease under ASC 842, the Company, in accordance with ASC 842-20-25-2, elected not to apply the recognition requirements (i.e. not to recognize right-of-use asset and related lease liability) to these short-term leases. Instead, the Company recognized the lease payments of these short-term leases in its consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, lease payments liability related to these short-term leases was approximately US$0.10 million and US$0.15 million, respectively.

 

For lease contracts with a duration of over twelve months, as the implicit rates of the Company leases cannot be readily determined, in accordance with ASC Topic 842-20-30-3, the Company used its incremental borrowing rate as the discount rate to determine the present value of the lease payments for each lease contract. The Company’s incremental borrowing rate was determined based on the interest rate expected to be used by the commercial banks in the PRC for long-term loans with the same maturity terms as the respective lease contracts at lease inception, if lent to the Company on a collateralized basis.

 

As of December 31, 2022, operating lease right-of-use assets and total operating lease liabilities recognized was approximately US$1.76 million and US$1.88 million, respectively.

 

Maturity of operating lease liabilities

 

  

Operating leases

 
  

US$(000)

 

Year ending December 31,

    
-2023  447 
-2024  313 
-2025  328 
-2026  345 
-2027  362 
-thereafter  444 

Total undiscounted lease payments

  2,239 

Less: imputed interest

  (357)

Operating lease liabilities as of December 31, 2022

 $1,882 
     

Including:

    

Operating lease liabilities

  347 

Operating lease liabilities-Non current

  1,535 
  $1,882 

 

As of December 31, 2021, operating lease right-of-use assets and total operating lease liabilities recognized was approximately US$2.02 million and US$2.11 million, respectively.

 

Operating lease expenses:

 

  

Year Ended December 31,

 
  

2022

  

2021

 
  

US$(000)

  

US$(000)

 
         

Long-term operating lease contracts

  459   302 

Short-term operating lease contracts

  48   60 

Total

  507   362 

 

Supplemental information related to operating leases:

 

  

Year Ended December 31,

 
  

2022

  

2021

 
         

Operating cash flows used for operating leases (US$’000)

  361   210 

Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new lease liabilities (US$’000)

  252   2,186 

Weighted-average remaining lease term (years)

  5.75   7.12 

Weighted-average discount rate

  6%  6%

 

Income Tax, Policy [Policy Text Block]
 

q)

Income taxes

 

The Company follows the guidance of ASC Topic 740 “Income taxes” and uses liability method to account for income taxes. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the difference between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates that will be in effect in the period in which the differences are expected to reverse. The Company records a valuation allowance to offset deferred tax assets, if based on the weight of available evidence, it is more-likely-than-not that some portion, or all, of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The effect on deferred taxes of a change in tax rates is recognized in statement of operations and comprehensive loss in the period that includes the enactment date.

 

Income Tax Uncertainties, Policy [Policy Text Block]
 

r)

Uncertain tax positions

 

The Company follows the guidance of ASC Topic 740 “Income taxes”, which prescribes a more likely than not threshold for financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. As a result, the impact of an uncertain income tax position is recognized at the largest amount that is more-likely-than-not to be sustained upon audit by the relevant tax authority. An uncertain income tax position will not be recognized if it has less than a 50% likelihood of being sustained.

 

The Company recognizes interest on non-payment of income taxes under requirement by tax law and penalties associated with tax positions when a tax position does not meet the minimum statutory threshold to avoid payment of penalties. Interest and penalties on income taxes will be classified as a component of the provisions for income taxes. The tax returns of the Company and its subsidiaries and VIEs are subject to examination by the relevant local tax authorities. The statute of limitations related to these tax returns under different circumstances various from 3-10 years, and for PRC entities, there is no statute of limitation in the case of tax evasion. The Company did not have any material interest or penalties associated with tax positions for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 and did not have any significant unrecognized uncertain tax positions as of December 31, 2022 or 2021.

 

Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Policy Text Block]
 

s)

Share-based payment transactions

 

The Company adopts ASC Topic 718 “Compensation-Stock Compensation” to account for share-based payment transactions with both employees and nonemployees, which requires that share-based payment transactions be measured based on the grant-date fair value of the instrument issued, net of an estimated forfeiture rate, if applicable, and therefore only recognizes compensation expenses for those instruments expected to vest over the requisite service period, or vesting period. Forfeitures are estimated at the time of grant and revised in the subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates.

 

For fully vested, nonforfeitable equity instruments granted to a nonemployee service provider at the date upon entering into the agreement (no specific performance is required by the nonemployee to retain those equity instruments), because of the elimination of any obligation on the part of the nonemployee to earn the equity instruments, the Company recognizes the instruments when they are granted (in most cases, when the agreement is entered into), the corresponding cost is recorded as a prepayment on the balance sheet, and amortized as share-based compensation expenses over the requisite service period.

 

Comprehensive Income, Policy [Policy Text Block]
 

t)

Comprehensive income (loss)

 

The Company accounts for comprehensive income (loss) in accordance with ASC Topic 220 “Comprehensive Income”, which establishes standards for reporting and displaying comprehensive income (loss) and its components in the consolidated financial statements. Comprehensive income (loss) is defined as the change in equity of a company during a period from transactions and other events and circumstances excluding transactions resulting from investments from owners and distributions to owners. Accumulated other comprehensive income, as presented in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets are the cumulative foreign currency translation adjustments.

 

Earnings Per Share, Policy [Policy Text Block]
 

u)

Earnings (loss) per share

 

Earnings (loss) per share are calculated in accordance with ASC Topic 260, “Earnings Per Share”. Basic earnings (loss) per share is computed by dividing income (loss) attributable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share reflect the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock. Common shares issuable upon the conversion of the convertible preferred shares are included in the computation of diluted earnings per share on an “if-converted” basis when the impact is dilutive. The dilutive effect of outstanding common stock warrants and options are reflected in the diluted earnings per share by application of the treasury stock method when the impact is dilutive.

 

Commitments and Contingencies, Policy [Policy Text Block]
 

v)

Commitments and contingencies

 

The Company adopts ASC Topic 450 “Contingencies” subtopic 20, in determining its accruals and disclosures with respect to loss contingencies. Accordingly, estimated losses from loss contingencies are accrued by a charge to income when information available before financial statements are issued or are available to be issued indicates that it is probable that an asset had been impaired, or a liability had been incurred at the date of the financial statements and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. Legal expenses associated with the contingency are expensed as incurred. If a loss contingency is not probable or reasonably estimable, disclosure of the loss contingency is made in the financial statements when it is at least reasonably possible that a material loss could be incurred.

 

New Accounting Pronouncements, Policy [Policy Text Block]
 

w)

Recent issued or adopted accounting standards

 

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, “Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments”. The amendments in this ASU require the measurement and recognition of expected credit losses for financial assets held at amortized cost. The amendments in this ASU replace the existing incurred loss impairment model with an expected loss methodology, which will result in more timely recognition of credit losses. In November 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-19, “Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses”, which among other things, clarifies that receivables arising from operating leases are not within the scope of Subtopic 326-20. Instead, impairment of receivables arising from operating leases should be accounted for in accordance with Topic 842, Leases. For public entities, the amendments in these ASUs are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. In November 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-10, “Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326), Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815), and Leases (Topic 842)-Effective date”, which deferred the effective date of this ASU until fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years, for SEC filers that are eligible to be smaller reporting companies under the SEC’s definition. The Company, as a SEC smaller reporting company, has adopted the amendments in this ASU from January 1, 2023. The adoption of this ASU did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position and results of operations.