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Note 22 - Concentration of Risk
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2018
Notes to Financial Statements  
Concentration Risk Disclosure [Text Block]
22.
Concentration of risk
 
Credit risk
 
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and other receivables. As of
December 31, 2018,
74%
of the Company’s cash and cash equivalents were held by major financial institutions located in Mainland China, the remaining
26%
was held by a financial institution located in the United States of America. The Company believes that these financial institutions located in Mainland China and the United States of America are of high credit quality. For accounts receivable and other receivables, the Company extends credit based on an evaluation of the customer’s or other parties’ financial condition, generally without requiring collateral or other security. In order to minimize the credit risk, the Company delegated a team responsible for credit approvals and other monitoring procedures to ensure that follow-up action is taken to recover overdue debts. Further, the Company reviews the recoverable amount of each individual receivable at each balance sheet date to ensure that adequate allowances are made for doubtful accounts. In this regard, the Company considers that the Company’s credit risk for accounts receivable and other receivables is significantly reduced.
 
Risk arising from operations in foreign countries
 
All of the Company’s operations are conducted within the PRC. The Company’s operations in the PRC are subject to various political, economic, and other risks and uncertainties inherent in the PRC. Among other risks, the Company’s operations in the PRC are subject to the risks of restrictions on transfer of funds, changing taxation policies, foreign exchange restrictions; and political conditions and governmental regulations.
 
Currency convertibility risk
 
Significant part of the Company’s businesses is transacted in RMB, which is
not
freely convertible into foreign currencies. All foreign exchange transactions take place either through the People’s Bank of China or other banks authorized to buy and sell foreign currencies at the exchange rates quoted by the People’s Bank of China. Approval of foreign currency payments by the People’s Bank of China or other regulatory institutions requires submitting a payment application form together with suppliers’ invoices and signed contracts. These exchange control measures imposed by the PRC government authorities
may
restrict the ability of the Company’s PRC subsidiaries and VIEs to transfer its net assets, which to the Company through loans, advances or cash dividends.
 
Concentration of customers
 
The following tables summarized the information about the Company’s concentration of customers for the years ended
December 31, 2018
and
2017,
respectively:
 
    Customer A   Customer B   Customer C   Customer D
Year Ended December 31, 2018                
Revenues, customer concentration risk  
17%
 
*
 
*
 
*
                 
Year Ended December 31, 2017                
Revenues, customer concentration risk  
12%
 
12%
 
10%
 
*
                 
As of December 31, 2018                
Accounts receivable, customer concentration risk  
74%
 
12%
 
-
 
-
                 
As of December 31, 2017                
Accounts receivable, customer concentration risk  
30%
 
*
 
20%
 
16%
 
* Less than
10%.
 
Concentration of suppliers
 
The following tables summarized the information about the Company’s concentration of suppliers for the years ended
December 31, 2018
and
2017,
respectively:
 
    Supplier A   Supplier B
Year Ended December 31, 2018        
Cost of revenues, supplier concentration risk  
85%
 
11%
         
Year Ended December 31, 2017        
Cost of revenues, supplier concentration risk  
64%
 
26%