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Income Taxes (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2019
Dec. 31, 2018
Dec. 31, 2017
Dec. 31, 2016
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]        
Income Taxes INCOME TAXES

On December 22, 2017, the U.S. government enacted comprehensive tax legislation commonly referred to as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”). The Tax Act made major changes to the Internal Revenue Code. The Company recognized the income tax effects of the Tax Act in its financial statements in accordance with Staff Accounting Bulletin 118 which provides SEC staff guidance for the application of ASC 740, Income Taxes. The Company finalized its accounting for the income tax effects of the Tax Act in the fourth quarter of 2018 with no adjustments recorded during the measurement period.

Income Tax Expense
The components of current and deferred income tax expense are as follows (in thousands):
 
Years Ended December 31,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2017
Current income tax expense (benefit):
 
 
 
 
 
Federal
$
15,980

 
$
(569
)
 
$
999

State
2,810

 
2,993

 
1,733

Total current income tax expense
18,790

 
2,424

 
2,732

Deferred income tax expense (benefit):
 
 
 
 
 
Federal
774

 
15,023

 
36,569

State
463

 
(311
)
 
(270
)
Total deferred income tax expense
1,237

 
14,712

 
36,299

Total income tax expense
$
20,027

 
$
17,136

 
$
39,031



Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation

The income tax expense differs from the amount that would be computed by applying the statutory federal income tax rates of 21%, 21% and 35% for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively, to income before income taxes as a result of the following (amounts in thousands):
 
Years Ended December 31,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2017
Tax on pre-tax book income (before reduction of noncontrolling interests)
$
17,709

 
$
17,151

 
$
22,483

Tax effect of non-controlled earnings
(1,252
)
 
(2,743
)
 
(3,630
)
State income tax expense, net of federal benefit
2,706

 
1,940

 
931

Adjustments to deferred tax assets related to state net operating losses
1,063

 
283

 
41

Change in valuation allowance
(1,063
)
 
(283
)
 
(41
)
Change in federal statutory tax rate

 

 
19,017

Other
864

 
788

 
230

Total income tax expense
$
20,027

 
$
17,136

 
$
39,031

Effective income tax rate
23.7
%
 
21.0
%
 
60.8
%


The effective income tax rate for 2017 reflects the impact of compliance with the Tax Act, signed into law on December 22, 2017. The Company remeasured its deferred tax assets due to the change in federal statutory tax rate which resulted in additional tax expense of $19.0 million.

Deferred Income Taxes

The primary differences between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities are as follows (in thousands):
 
December 31, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
Deferred tax assets:
 
 
 
Basis in partnerships
$
9,212

 
$
10,947

Accrued expenses
2,206

 
2,182

Inventory
2,316

 
1,521

Change in fair value of contingent consideration
1,444

 
385

Lease liabilities - operating leases
832

 

State net operating loss carryover

 
1,063

Federal net operating loss carryover

 
432

Alternative minimum tax credit carryover

 
576

Stock-based compensation
408

 
347

Other
191

 
175

Deferred tax assets, gross
16,609

 
17,628

Valuation allowance

 
(1,063
)
Deferred tax assets, net
$
16,609

 
$
16,565

 
 
 
 
Deferred tax liabilities:
 
 
 
Right-of-use assets - operating leases
$
(818
)
 
$

Prepaid insurance
(419
)
 
(66
)
Other
(110
)
 

Deferred tax liabilities
$
(1,347
)
 
$
(66
)
Total deferred income tax assets, net
$
15,262

 
$
16,499



Net Operating Losses and Valuation Allowances
As of December 31, 2019, all federal net operating loss carryforwards were fully utilized.

During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company decided to write off its gross state net operating loss carryforwards in Minnesota of $13.7 million, as well as the related deferred tax asset and valuation allowance. Management believes on a more-likely-than-not basis that the Minnesota net operating loss carryforwards would not have been utilized.

The rollforward of valuation allowance is as follows (amounts in thousands):
 
Years Ended December 31,
 
2019
 
2018
Valuation allowance at beginning of the year
$
1,063

 
$
1,346

Write-off of state net operating losses
(1,063
)
 

Expiration of state net operating losses

 
(283
)
Valuation allowance at end of the year
$

 
$
1,063



Uncertain Tax Positions
The Company establishes accruals for uncertain tax positions that reflect management’s best estimate of deductions and credits that may not be sustained on a more-likely-than-not basis. In accordance with ASC 740, Income Taxes, the Company recognizes the effect of income tax positions only if those positions have a more-likely-than-not chance of being sustained by the Company. Recognized income tax positions are measured at the largest amount that is considered greater than 50% likely of being realized. Changes in recognition or measurement are reflected in the period in which the change in judgment occurs. There were no uncertain tax positions as of December 31, 2019.

A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of uncertain tax positions for the year ended December 31, 2017 is as follows (in thousands):
 
Year Ended December 31, 2017
Uncertain tax positions at beginning of year
$
249

Change related to Georgia state income taxes
(249
)
Uncertain tax positions at end of year
$



There were no expenses for interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017. There were no accrued liabilities related to uncertain tax positions as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Statutes of Limitations
The U.S. federal statute of limitations remains open for our 2016 and subsequent tax years. Due to the carryover of the federal net operating losses for years 2009 and forward, income tax returns going back to the 2009 tax year are subject to adjustment.

The Colorado and Minnesota statutes of limitations remain open for our 2015 and subsequent tax years. The Nebraska statute of limitations remains open for our 2016 and subsequent tax years.

The Company’s subsidiaries file returns in Texas, Georgia and Florida.

The Texas statute of limitations remains open for the 2015 and subsequent tax years. Any Texas adjustments relating to returns filed by the subsidiary partnerships would be borne by the subsidiary partnership entities.

The Georgia statute of limitations remains open for the 2016 and subsequent tax years. Any Georgia adjustments relating to returns filed by the subsidiary partnerships would be borne by the partner.

The Florida statute of limitations will remain open for the 2018 and subsequent tax years. Any Florida adjustments relating to returns filed by the subsidiary partnerships would be borne by the partner.

The Company is not presently under examination by the Internal Revenue Service or state tax authority.
     
Schedule of Components of Income Tax Expense (Benefit)
Income Tax Expense
The components of current and deferred income tax expense are as follows (in thousands):
 
Years Ended December 31,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2017
Current income tax expense (benefit):
 
 
 
 
 
Federal
$
15,980

 
$
(569
)
 
$
999

State
2,810

 
2,993

 
1,733

Total current income tax expense
18,790

 
2,424

 
2,732

Deferred income tax expense (benefit):
 
 
 
 
 
Federal
774

 
15,023

 
36,569

State
463

 
(311
)
 
(270
)
Total deferred income tax expense
1,237

 
14,712

 
36,299

Total income tax expense
$
20,027

 
$
17,136

 
$
39,031


     
Schedule of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities
The primary differences between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities are as follows (in thousands):
 
December 31, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
Deferred tax assets:
 
 
 
Basis in partnerships
$
9,212

 
$
10,947

Accrued expenses
2,206

 
2,182

Inventory
2,316

 
1,521

Change in fair value of contingent consideration
1,444

 
385

Lease liabilities - operating leases
832

 

State net operating loss carryover

 
1,063

Federal net operating loss carryover

 
432

Alternative minimum tax credit carryover

 
576

Stock-based compensation
408

 
347

Other
191

 
175

Deferred tax assets, gross
16,609

 
17,628

Valuation allowance

 
(1,063
)
Deferred tax assets, net
$
16,609

 
$
16,565

 
 
 
 
Deferred tax liabilities:
 
 
 
Right-of-use assets - operating leases
$
(818
)
 
$

Prepaid insurance
(419
)
 
(66
)
Other
(110
)
 

Deferred tax liabilities
$
(1,347
)
 
$
(66
)
Total deferred income tax assets, net
$
15,262

 
$
16,499


     
Schedule of Effective Tax Rate Reconciliation
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation

The income tax expense differs from the amount that would be computed by applying the statutory federal income tax rates of 21%, 21% and 35% for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively, to income before income taxes as a result of the following (amounts in thousands):
 
Years Ended December 31,
 
2019
 
2018
 
2017
Tax on pre-tax book income (before reduction of noncontrolling interests)
$
17,709

 
$
17,151

 
$
22,483

Tax effect of non-controlled earnings
(1,252
)
 
(2,743
)
 
(3,630
)
State income tax expense, net of federal benefit
2,706

 
1,940

 
931

Adjustments to deferred tax assets related to state net operating losses
1,063

 
283

 
41

Change in valuation allowance
(1,063
)
 
(283
)
 
(41
)
Change in federal statutory tax rate

 

 
19,017

Other
864

 
788

 
230

Total income tax expense
$
20,027

 
$
17,136

 
$
39,031

Effective income tax rate
23.7
%
 
21.0
%
 
60.8
%

     
Rollforward of Valuation Allowances
The rollforward of valuation allowance is as follows (amounts in thousands):
 
Years Ended December 31,
 
2019
 
2018
Valuation allowance at beginning of the year
$
1,063

 
$
1,346

Write-off of state net operating losses
(1,063
)
 

Expiration of state net operating losses

 
(283
)
Valuation allowance at end of the year
$

 
$
1,063


     
Reconciliation of Uncertain Tax Positions

A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of uncertain tax positions for the year ended December 31, 2017 is as follows (in thousands):
 
Year Ended December 31, 2017
Uncertain tax positions at beginning of year
$
249

Change related to Georgia state income taxes
(249
)
Uncertain tax positions at end of year
$


     
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]        
Net operating loss carryforward   $ 13,700    
Uncertain income tax positions     $ 0 $ 249
Basis in partnerships $ 9,212 10,947    
Deferred tax assets 16,609 17,628    
Deferred Tax Assets, Valuation Allowance $ 0 $ 1,063 $ 1,346