Segment Reporting (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2024 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2024 USD ($) segment	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Number of operating segments | segment				1
Number of reportable segments | segment				1
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total revenue				$ 4,055	$ 6,036
Total research and development				32,126	39,573
General and administrative				26,686	31,994
Total operating expenses				58,812	71,567
Loss from operations				(54,757)	(65,531)
Other income (expense), net				703	2,453
Net loss	$ (15,280)	$ (11,924)	$ (27,204)	(54,054)	(63,078)
Collaborative arrangement revenue
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total revenue				4,055	6,036
Total research and development				1,900	5,300
Reportable Segment
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Research and development personnel costs				12,992	13,868
Facilities and other support costs				2,984	1,507
Other				2,294	1,349
Total research and development				32,126	39,573
General and administrative				26,686	31,994
Total operating expenses				58,812	71,567
Loss from operations				(54,757)	(65,531)
Other income (expense), net				703	2,453
Net loss				(54,054)	(63,078)
Reportable Segment | OCU400
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Research and Development Expense (Excluding Acquired in Process Cost)				6,846	7,318
Reportable Segment | OCU410 and OCU410ST
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Research and Development Expense (Excluding Acquired in Process Cost)				3,653	4,029
Reportable Segment | NeoCart
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Research and Development Expense (Excluding Acquired in Process Cost)				489	1,336
Reportable Segment | COVAXIN
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Research and Development Expense (Excluding Acquired in Process Cost)				25	8,824
Reportable Segment | Inhaled mucosal vaccine platform
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Research and Development Expense (Excluding Acquired in Process Cost)				2,464	629
Reportable Segment | OCU200
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Research and Development Expense (Excluding Acquired in Process Cost)				379	713
Reportable Segment | Collaborative arrangement revenue
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total revenue				$ 4,055	$ 6,036