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Stock Compensation
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2020
Share-based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]  
Stock Compensation
12.
Stock Compensation.
For the three-month periods ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company recorded stock-based compensation expense as follo
w
s:
 
   
Three months ended

March 31,
 
   
2020
   
2019
 
Research and development
  $418,053   $287,721 
Selling, general and administrative
   1,101,298    645,690 
  
 
 
   
 
 
 
Total stock-based compensation
  $1,519,351   $933,411 
  
 
 
   
 
 
 
Stock Options
As of March 31, 2020, there were outstanding stock options to purchase 12,201,668 shares of common stock, of which stock options to purchase 6,687,980 shares of common stock were exercisable as of March 31, 2020.
During the three-month periods ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company granted seven-year term options to purchase an aggregate of 735,000 and 207,000 shares, respectively, of the Company’s common stock to employees and directors. The Company recorded stock-based compensation related to stock options totaling $1,383,672 and $933,411, respectively, during the three-month periods ended March 31, 2020 and 2019. During the three-month periods ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, 854,831 and 984,164 options vested.
During the three-month periods ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, options to purchase 11,666 shares and 65,000 shares, respectively, of the Company’s common stock were exercised, with proceeds of $26,149 and $89,350 respectively, to the Company.
 
As of March 31, 2020, there was approximately $10.4 million of unrecognized compensation expense related to
non-vested
stock option awards granted under the 2014 and 2018 Stock Incentive Plans. The cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately 2.23 years.
Restricted Stock Units
 
There were no grants of restricted stock units to employees or directors during the three-month periods ended March 31, 2020 and March 31, 2019. During the three-month period ended March 31, 2020, the Company recorded
non-cash
stock-based compensation expense related to restricted stock units totaling $135,679. No stock-based compensation related to restricted stocks was recorded during the three-month period ended March 31, 2019. 
As of March 31, 2020, there was approximately $1.5 million of unrecognized compensation expense related to
non-vested
restricted stock units granted under the 2018 Stock Incentive Plan. The cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately 2.67 years.