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Goodwill and intangible assets - Intangible assets (Details) - USD ($)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2016
Dec. 31, 2015
Dec. 31, 2014
Intangible assets      
Gross book value $ 3,508,116 $ 3,573,464  
Accumulated amortization (2,680,642) (2,195,200)  
Net book value 827,474 1,378,264  
Amortization expense 570,391 573,116 $ 707,657
Trademarks and patents      
Intangible assets      
Gross book value 1,203,097 1,184,612  
Accumulated amortization (557,794) (472,914)  
Net book value $ 645,303 711,698  
Trademarks and patents | Minimum      
Intangible assets      
Amortization period 15 years    
Trademarks and patents | Maximum      
Intangible assets      
Amortization period 21 years    
Technology      
Intangible assets      
Gross book value $ 2,305,019 2,388,852  
Accumulated amortization (2,122,848) (1,722,286)  
Net book value $ 182,171 $ 666,566  
Amortization period 5 years