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Note 13 - Accounting for Stock-based Compensation
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2016
Notes to Financial Statements  
Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Text Block]
NOTE
13
—ACCOUNTING FOR STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
 
Stock Incentive Plans
 
On
June
5,
2015,
the Company
’s stockholders approved an amendment (the “Amendment”) to the ICF International, Inc.
2010
Omnibus Incentive Plan (as amended, the “Omnibus Plan”). The Amendment, among other items, increased the new shares available for issuance under the Omnibus Plan by
1,540,000
shares from
3,550,000
to
5,090,000
(for an aggregate
5,966,186
shares, which includes shares that remained available under the
2006
Long-Term Equity Incentive Plan when the Omnibus Plan was initially adopted). The Omnibus Plan provides for the granting of options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units, performance shares, performance units, cash-based awards, and other stock-based awards to all officers, key employees, and non-employee directors of the Company. Under the terms of the Omnibus Plan, shares awarded that are not stock options or stock appreciation rights, are counted as
1.93
shares deducted for every
one
share delivered under those awards. Shares awarded that are stock options or stock appreciation rights are counted as a single share deducted from the Omnibus Plan for every
one
share delivered under those awards. As of
December
31,
2016,
the Company had approximately
2.2
million shares available to grant under the Amended Plan. CSRSUs have no impact on the shares available for grant under the Omnibus Plan, and have no impact on the calculated shares used in earnings per share calculations.
 
T
he total stock-based compensation expense for the years ended
December
31,
2016,
2015,
and
2014,
the unrecognized compensation expense at
December
31,
2016,
and the weighted-average period to recognize the remaining unrecognized shares are as follows:
 
   
Stock-Based Compensation
 
   
Recognized

December 31,
   
Unrecognized
 
   
2016
   
2015
   
2014
   
December
31,
2016
   
Weighted-
Average
Period to
Recognize (years)
 
Stock Options
  $
909
    $
1,546
    $
1,866
    $
134
     
0.2
 
Restricted Stock Units
   
6,325
     
7,409
     
7,881
     
14,030
     
2.4
 
Cash-Settled Restricted Stock Units
   
7,091
     
4,414
     
3,207
     
17,114
     
2.7
 
Non-Employee Director Awards
   
741
     
645
     
481
     
     
 
Performance Shares
   
877
     
727
     
     
2,346
     
1.6
 
    $
15,943
    $
14,741
    $
13,435
    $
33,624
     
 
 
 
The assumptions of
employment termination forfeiture rates used in the determination of fair value of stock awards during calendar year
2016
were based on the Company’s historical average from
October
2006
through the
12
months preceding the reporting period. The expected annualized forfeiture rates used varied from
3.7%
to
9.4%,
and the Company does not expect these termination rates to vary significantly in the future.
 
Stock Options
 
Option awards are granted with an exercise price equal to the market value of the Company
’s common stock on the date of grant. All options outstanding as of
December
31,
2016
have a
10
-year contractual term. Options generally have a vesting term of
three
or
four
years. There were
no
option awards granted during
2016
and
2015.
The fair value assumptions using the Black-Scholes-Merton pricing model for awards granted in
2014
were
5.1
years for the expected life,
33.0%
for historical volatility, and
1.5%
for the risk-free rate of return.
 
The following table summarizes the changes in outstanding stock options:
 
   
Number
of
Shares
   
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
   
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
(in
thousands)
 
Outstanding at January 1, 2014
   
694,552
    $
24.34
     
 
 
Exercised
   
(85,063
)
  $
21.53
     
 
 
Granted
   
166,861
    $
40.68
     
 
 
Forfeited/Expired
   
(9,426
)
  $
25.53
     
 
 
Outstanding at December 31,
2014
   
766,924
    $
28.20
     
 
 
Exercised
   
(43,919
)
  $
21.23
     
 
 
Granted
   
    $
     
 
 
Forfeited/Expired
   
    $
     
 
 
Outstanding at December 31, 2015
   
723,005
    $
28.62
     
 
 
Exercised
   
(128,301
)
  $
23.65
     
 
 
Granted
   
    $
     
 
 
Forfeited/Expired
   
(7,297
)
  $
40.68
     
 
 
Outstanding at
December 31, 2016
   
587,407
    $
29.56
    $
15,064
 
                         
Vested plus expected to vest at
December 31, 2016
   
587,204
    $
29.55
    $
15,061
 
Exercisable at
December 31, 2016
   
535,376
    $
28.47
    $
14,308
 
 
The aggregate intrinsic value in the preceding table is based on the Company
’s closing stock price of
$55.20
as of
December
31,
2016.
The total intrinsic value of options exercised was
$2.5
million,
$0.8
million, and
$1.5
million for the years ended
December
31,
2016,
2015,
and
2014,
respectively. The weighted average grant date fair value of options granted was
$13.00
for the year ended
December
31,
2014.
The fair value of shares vested was
$1.3
million,
$2.0
million, and
$1.8
million for the years ended
December
31,
2016,
2015,
and
2014,
respectively. As of
December
31,
2016,
the weighted-average remaining contractual term for options vested and expected to vest was
5.7
years, and for exercisable options was
5.5
years.
 
Information regarding stock options outstanding as of
December
31,
2016
is summarized below:
 
       
OPTIONS OUTSTANDING
   
OPTIONS
EXERCISABLE
 
Range of
Exercise
Prices
 
Number
Outstanding
As
of
December 31, 2016
   
Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term
   
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
   
Number
Exercisable
As of
December 31, 2016
   
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
 
$ 9.05
$25.00
   
131,267
     
3.7
    $
23.37
     
131,267
    $
23.37
 
$25.01
$28.00
   
300,107
     
5.8
    $
26.48
     
300,107
    $
26.48
 
$28.01
$41.00
   
156,033
     
7.1
    $
40.68
     
104,002
    $
40.68
 
$9.05
to
$41.00
   
587,407
     
5.7
    $
29.56
     
535,376
    $
28.47
 
 
Restricted Stock Units
 
RSUs generally have a vesting term of
three
or
four
years.
Upon vesting, the employee is issued
one
share of stock for each RSU he or she holds. The fair value of shares vested was $
7.2
million,
$6.3
million, and
$8.2
million for the years ended
December
31,
2016,
2015,
and
2014,
respectively.
 
A summary of the Company
’s RSUs is presented below. 
 
   
Number
of
Shares
   
Weighted-
Average
Grant
Date Fair
Value
   
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
(in
thousands)
   
Non-vested RSUs at January 1, 2014
   
756,188
    $
25.13
     
 
   
Granted
   
265,811
    $
39.48
     
 
   
Vested
   
(333,321
)
  $
24.73
     
 
   
Cancelled
   
(44,791
)
  $
27.33
     
 
   
Non-vested RSUs at December 31, 2014
   
643,887
    $
31.10
     
 
   
Granted
   
250,159
    $
39.04
     
 
   
Vested
   
(233,899
)
  $
26.85
     
 
   
Cancelled
   
(104,243
)
  $
36.76
     
 
   
Non-vested RSUs at December 31, 2015
   
555,904
    $
35.40
     
 
   
Granted
   
240,868
    $
34.68
     
 
   
Vested
   
(221,659
)
  $
32.45
     
 
   
Cancelled
   
(67,115
)
  $
37.60
     
 
   
Non-vested RSUs at December 31, 2016
   
507,998
    $
36.12
    $
28,041
   
RSUs expected to vest in the future
   
507,998
    $
36.12
    $
28,041
   
 
The aggregate intrinsic value
in the preceding table is based on the Company’s closing stock price of
$55.20
per share as of
December
31,
2016.
 
Cash-Settled Restricted
Stock Units
 
CSRSUs generally have a vesting term of
four
years. A summary of the Company’s CSRSUs is presented below.
 
   
 
 
 
 
Weighted-
   
 
 
 
   
Number
of
Shares
   
Average
Grant
Date Fair
Value
   
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
(in
thousands)
 
Non-vested CSRSUs at January 1, 2014
   
200,299
    $
28.23
     
 
 
Granted
   
416,432
    $
39.12
     
 
 
Vested
   
(47,742
)
  $
27.55
     
 
 
Cancelled
   
(31,870
)
  $
32.12
     
 
 
Non-vested CSRSUs at December 31,
2014
   
537,119
    $
36.36
     
 
 
Granted
   
121,015
    $
39.35
     
 
 
Vested
   
(78,033
)
  $
33.29
     
 
 
Cancelled
   
(133,438
)
  $
38.14
     
 
 
Non-vested CSRSUs at December 31,
2015
   
446,663
    $
37.18
     
 
 
Granted
   
233,790
    $
34.29
     
 
 
Vested
   
(146,619
)
  $
34.70
     
 
 
Cancelled
   
(70,812
)
  $
37.55
     
 
 
Non-vested CSRSUs at
December 31, 2016
   
463,022
    $
35.96
    $
25,559
 
CSRSUs expected to vest in the future
   
463,022
    $
35.96
    $
25,559
 
 
The aggregate intrinsic value in the preceding table is based on the Company
’s closing stock price of
$55.20
per share as of
December
31,
2016.
The fair value of CSRSUs vested and settled in cash for the years ended
December
31,
2016,
2015,
and
2014
was
$5.9
million,
$2.9
million and
$1.7
million, respectively.
 
Non-Employee Director Awards
 
The Company grants
awards of unregistered shares to its non-employee directors on a quarterly basis under its Annual Equity Election. The awards are issued from the Company’s treasury stock and have no impact on the shares available for grant under the Omnibus Plan. Non-employee director awards do not include vesting conditions; thus, there was
no
unrecognized expense related to these awards at
December
31,
2016.
 
 
A summary of the Company
’s non-employee director awards granted by fiscal year is presented below.
 
For the Year ended December 31,
 
Number of
Shares
Granted
   
Weighted-
Average
Grant
Date Fair
Value
 
2014
   
15,872
    $
36.08
 
2015
   
18,109
    $
35.62
 
201
6
   
15,299
    $
39.32
 
 
Performance Shares
 
In the
first
quarter of
2015,
the Company
’s Board of Directors approved a performance-based share program (the “Program”) that provides for the issuance of PSAs to its senior management. Under the Program, the number of PSAs that the participant will receive depends on the Company’s achievement of
two
performance goals during
two
performance periods. The performance goals under the Program are based on a performance condition (i) the Company’s compounded annual growth rate in earnings per share (“EPS”) during a performance period from
January
1,
2015
through
December
31,
2016,
and a market condition (ii) the Company’s cumulative total shareholder return (“rTSR”) relative to its peer group during a performance period from
January
1,
2015
through
December
31,
2017.
The PSAs will only be eligible to vest following the expiration of the
three
-year performance period ending on
December
31,
2017.
Actual shares vested will be subject to both continued employment by the Company (barring certain exceptions allowing for partial performance periods) and actual financial measures achieved. The actual number of shares of common stock that will be issued to each participant at the end of the applicable performance period will be determined by multiplying the award by the product of
two
percentages,
one
based on the Company’s EPS performance and a
second
one
based on the Company’s rTSR performance, subject to a minimum and maximum performance level.
 
A summary of the Company
’s PSAs is presented below.
 
   
 
 
 
 
Weighted-
   
 
 
 
   
Number
of
Shares
   
Average
Grant
Date Fair
Value
   
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
(in
thousands)
 
Non-vested
PSAs at January 1, 2015
   
     
     
 
 
Granted
   
58,822
    $
44.21
     
 
 
Vested
   
     
     
 
 
Cancelled
   
     
     
 
 
Non-vested
PSAs at December 31, 2015
   
58,822
    $
44.21
     
 
 
Granted
   
74,574
    $
37.75
     
 
 
Vested
   
     
     
 
 
Cancelled
   
(3,422
)
  $
41.61
     
 
 
Non-vested
PSAs at December 31, 2016
   
129,974
    $
40.57
    $
7,175
 
PSA
s expected to vest in the future
   
129,974
    $
40.57
    $
7,175
 
 
The aggregate intrinsic value in the preceding table is based on the Company
’s closing stock price of
$55.20
per share as of
December
31,
2016.
The fair value of the awards is estimated on the grant date using a Monte Carlo simulation model due to the market condition for the rTSR component. The fair value assumptions using the Monte Carlo simulation model for awards in
2015
and
2016
were
0.0%
for both dividend yields,
29.3%
and
30.9%
for historical volatility, respectively, and
1.0%
for both risk-free rate of returns, respectively.