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Income taxes
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2016
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income taxes

14. Income taxes

For the quarter ended September 30, 2016, the Company’s income tax benefit was $9, compared to a tax expense of $221 for the prior year period. The change in the income tax provision for the quarter ended September 30, 2016 primarily related to a state income tax benefit in the current year period and a change in the geographical mix of income which decreased taxable non-U.S. earnings before income taxes when compared to the prior year period. This was offset, in part, by higher deferred tax expense in the current period related to an increase in amortization of tax deductible goodwill. 

For the nine months ended September 30, 2016, the Company’s income tax provision was $369 compared to $312 for the prior year period.  The change in the income tax provision for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 primarily related to higher deferred tax expense in the current period related to an increase in amortization of tax deductible goodwill, which was offset, in part, by state income tax benefits in the current year period. If the Company’s current estimates change in future periods, the impact on the deferred tax assets and liabilities may change correspondingly.

As of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the Company maintained a valuation allowance against its net deferred tax assets primarily attributable to operations in the United States, as the realization of such assets was not considered more likely than not.

There were no changes to the Company’s unrecognized tax benefits during the nine months ended September 30, 2016. The Company does not expect any significant changes to its unrecognized tax positions during the next twelve months.

The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions in income tax expense. No interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions were recognized during the nine months ended September 30, 2016.