10-K

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

(Mark One)

☒	ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
	For the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2018

OR

☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
	For the transition period from              to

Commission file number: 001-33033

LIMESTONE BANCORP, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Kentucky	61-1142247
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

2500 Eastpoint Parkway, Louisville, Kentucky	40223
(Address of principal executive offices)	(Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (502) 499-4800

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, no par value	Nasdaq Capital Market

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer (as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act).    Yes  ☐    No  ☒

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.    Yes  ☐    No  ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  ☒    No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes  ☒    No  ☐

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See definition of “accelerated filer,” “large accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.:

Large accelerated filer  ☐ Accelerated filer  ☒ Non-accelerated filer  ☐ Smaller reporting company  ☒ Emerging growth company  ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.    Yes  ☐    No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ☐    No  ☒

The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates computed by reference to the price at which the common equity was last sold as of the close of business on June 30, 2018, was $79,786,048 based upon the last sales price reported (for purposes of this calculation, the market value of non-voting common shares was based on the market value of the common shares into which they are convertible upon transfer).

6,261,945 Common Shares and 1,220,000 Non-Voting Common Shares were outstanding as of February 28, 2019.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Portions of the registrant’s Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held June 19, 2019 are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Form 10-K.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

		Page No.
PART I
Item 1.	Business	1
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	9
Item 1B.	Unresolved Staff Comments	17
Item 2.	Properties	17
Item 3.	Legal Proceedings	17
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	17
PART II		18
Item 5.	Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities	18
Item 6.	Selected Financial Data	21
Item 7.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation	22
Item 7A.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	46
Item 8.	Financial Statements and Supplementary Data	48
Item 9.	Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure	90
Item 9A.	Controls and Procedures	90
Item 9B.	Other Information	90
PART III		91
Item 10.	Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance	91
Item 11.	Executive Compensation	91
Item 12.	Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters	91
Item 13.	Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence	91
Item 14.	Principal Accounting Fees and Services	91
PART IV		92
Item 15.	Exhibits. Financial Statement Schedules	92
	Index to Exhibits	93
Item 16.	Form 10-K Summary	94
	Signatures	95

PART I

Preliminary Note Concerning Forward-Looking Statements

This report contains statements about the future expectations, activities and events that constitute forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements express our beliefs, assumptions and expectations of our future financial and operating performance and growth plans, taking into account information currently available to us. These statements are not statements of historical fact. The words “believe,” “may,” “should,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “objective,” “seek,” “plan,” “strive” or similar words, or the negatives of these words, identify forward-looking statements.

Forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties that may cause our actual results to differ materially from the expectations of future results management expressed or implied in any forward-looking statements. These risks and uncertainties can be difficult to predict and may be beyond our control. Factors that could contribute to differences in our results include, but are not limited to deterioration in the financial condition of borrowers resulting in significant increases in loan losses and provisions for those losses; changes in the interest rate environment, which may reduce our margins or impact the value of securities, loans, deposits and other financial instruments; changes in loan underwriting, credit review or loss reserve policies associated with economic conditions, examination conclusions, or regulatory developments; general economic or business conditions, either nationally, regionally or locally in the communities the Bank serves, may be worse than expected, resulting in, among other things, a deterioration in credit quality or a reduced demand for credit; the results of regulatory examinations; any matter that would cause us to conclude that there was impairment of any asset, including intangible assets; the continued service of key management personnel; our ability to attract, motivate and retain qualified employees; factors that increase the competitive pressure among depository and other financial institutions, including product and pricing pressures; the ability of our competitors with greater financial resources to develop and introduce products and services that enable them to compete more successfully than us; inability to comply with regulatory capital requirements and to secure any required regulatory approvals for capital actions; legislative or regulatory developments, including changes in laws concerning taxes, banking, securities, insurance and other aspects of the financial services industry; and fiscal and governmental policies of the United States federal government.

Other risks are detailed in Item 1A. “Risk Factors” of this Form 10-K all of which are difficult to predict and many of which are beyond our control.

Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of performance or results. A forward-looking statement may include the assumptions or bases underlying the forward-looking statement. Management has made assumptions and bases in good faith and believe they are reasonable. However, that estimates based on such assumptions or bases frequently differ from actual results, and the differences can be material. The forward-looking statements included in this report speak only as of the date of the report. Management does not intend to update these statements unless required by applicable laws.

Item 1. Business Overview

As used in this report, references to “the Company,” “we,” “our,” “us,” and similar terms refer to the consolidated entity consisting of Limestone Bancorp, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiary. The “Bank” refers to Limestone Bancorp, Inc.’s bank subsidiary, Limestone Bank, Inc.

The Company is a bank holding company headquartered in Louisville, Kentucky. The Company’s common stock is traded on Nasdaq’s Capital Market under the symbol LMST. The Company operates Limestone Bank (the Bank), its wholly owned subsidiary and the thirteenth largest bank domiciled in the Commonwealth of Kentucky based on total assets. The Bank operates banking offices in twelve counties in Kentucky. The Bank’s markets include metropolitan Louisville in Jefferson County and the surrounding counties of Henry and Bullitt. The Bank serves south central Kentucky and southern Kentucky from banking offices in Butler, Green, Hart, Edmonson, Barren, Warren, Ohio, and Daviess Counties. The Bank also has an office in Lexington, the second largest city in Kentucky. The Bank is a community bank with a wide range of commercial and personal banking products. As of December 31, 2018, the Company had total assets of $1.07 billion, total loans of $765.2 million, total deposits of $894.2 million and stockholders’ equity of $92.1 million.

1

Our Markets

The Bank operates in markets that include the four largest cities in Kentucky – Louisville, Lexington, Bowling Green and Owensboro – and in other communities along the I-65, Western Kentucky Parkway, and Natcher Parkway corridors.

■ Louisville/Jefferson, Bullitt and Henry Counties: Our headquarters are in Louisville, the largest city in Kentucky. The Bank also has banking offices in Bullitt County, south of Louisville, and Henry County, east of Louisville. Our banking offices in these counties also serve the contiguous counties of Spencer, Shelby and Oldham to the east and northeast of Louisville. The area’s major employers are diversified across many industries and include the air hub for United Parcel Service (“UPS”), two Ford assembly plants, Humana, Norton Healthcare, Brown-Forman, YUM! Brands, Papa John’s Pizza, and Texas Roadhouse.

■ Lexington/Fayette County: Lexington, located in Fayette County, is the second largest city in Kentucky. Lexington is the financial, educational, retail, healthcare and cultural hub for Central and Eastern Kentucky. It is known worldwide for its horse farms and Keeneland Race Track, and proudly boasts of itself as “The Horse Capital of the World”. It is also the home of the University of Kentucky and Transylvania University. The area’s major employers include Toyota, Lexmark, IBM Global Services and Valvoline.

■ Southern Kentucky: This market includes Bowling Green, the third largest city in Kentucky, located about 120 miles south of Louisville and 60 miles north of Nashville, Tennessee. Bowling Green, located in Warren County, is the home of Western Kentucky University and is the economic hub of the area. This market also includes communities in the contiguous Barren County, including the city of Glasgow. Major employers in Barren and Warren Counties include General Motor’s Corvette plant, automotive supply chain manufacturers, and R.R. Donnelley’s regional printing facility.

■ Owensboro/Daviess County: Owensboro, located on the banks of the Ohio River, is Kentucky’s fourth largest city. The city is called a festival city, with over 20 annual community celebrations that attract visitors from around the world, including its world famous Bar-B-Q Festival which attracts over 80,000 visitors. It is an industrial, medical, retail and cultural hub for Western Kentucky and the area employers include Owensboro Medical System, US Bank Home Mortgage, Titan Contracting, Specialty Food Group, and Toyotetsu.

■ South Central Kentucky: South of the Louisville metropolitan area, the Bank has banking offices in Butler, Edmonson, Green, Hart, and Ohio Counties. This region includes stable community markets comprised primarily of agricultural and service-based businesses. Each of our banking offices in these markets has a stable customer and core deposit base.

Our Products and Services 

The Bank meets its customers’ banking needs with a broad range of financial products and services. Its lending services include real estate, commercial, mortgage, agriculture, and consumer loans to those in its communities and to small to medium-sized businesses, the owners and employees of those businesses, as well as other executives and professionals. We complement our lending operations with an array of retail and commercial deposit products. In addition, we offer our customers drive-through banking facilities, automatic teller machines, night depository, personalized checks, credit cards, debit cards, internet banking, mobile banking, treasury management services, remote deposit services, electronic funds transfers through ACH services, domestic and foreign wire transfers, cash management and vault services, and loan and deposit sweep accounts.

Employees

At December 31, 2018, the Company had 214 full-time equivalent employees. Our employees are not subject to a collective bargaining agreement, and management considers the Company’s relationship with employees to be good.

Competition 

The banking business is highly competitive, and the Bank experiences competition from many other financial institutions and non-bank financial competitors. Competition is based upon interest rates offered on deposit accounts, interest rates charged on loans, other credit and service charges relating to loans, the quality and scope of the services offered, the convenience of banking facilities, the availability of technology channels and, in the case of loans to commercial borrowers, relative lending limits. The Bank competes with commercial banks, credit unions, savings and loan associations, mortgage banking firms, consumer finance companies, securities brokerage firms, insurance companies, money market funds and other mutual funds, as well as super-regional, national and international financial institutions that operate offices within our market area and beyond.

2

Supervision and Regulation  

Bank and Holding Company Laws, Rules and Regulations. The following is a summary description of the relevant laws, rules and regulations governing banks and bank holding companies. The descriptions of, and references to, the statutes and regulations below are brief summaries and do not purport to be complete. The descriptions are qualified in their entirety by reference to the specific statutes and regulations discussed.

The Dodd-Frank Act. On July 21, 2010, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010 (“Dodd-Frank Act”) was signed into law. The Dodd-Frank Act imposed new restrictions and an expanded framework of regulatory oversight for financial institutions, including depository institutions.

The Dodd-Frank Act represents a comprehensive overhaul of the financial services industry within the United States. There are a number of reform provisions that significantly impact the ways in which banks and bank holding companies, including the Company and the Bank, do business. For example, regulations issued under the Dodd-Frank Act changed the assessment base for federal deposit insurance premiums by modifying the assessment base calculation to be based on a depository institution’s consolidated assets less tangible capital instead of deposits, and permanently increased the standard maximum amount of deposit insurance per customer to $250,000. The Dodd-Frank Act also imposed more stringent capital requirements on bank holding companies by, among other things, imposing leverage ratios on bank holding companies and prohibiting new trust preferred security issuances from counting as Tier I capital. The Dodd-Frank Act also repealed the federal prohibition on the payment of interest on demand deposits, thereby permitting depository institutions to pay interest on business transaction and other accounts. The Dodd-Frank Act codified and expanded the Federal Reserve’s source of strength doctrine, which requires that all bank holding companies serve as a source of financial strength for its subsidiary banks. Other provisions of the Dodd-Frank Act include, but are not limited to: (i) the creation of the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau with rulemaking authority with respect to consumer protection laws; (ii) enhanced regulation of financial markets, including derivatives and securitization markets; (iii) reform related to the regulation of credit rating agencies; (iv) the elimination of certain trading activities by banks; and (v) new disclosure and other requirements relating to executive compensation and corporate governance. The implementation of the Dodd-Frank Act has resulted in greater compliance costs and higher fees paid to regulators.

Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief, and Consumer Protection Act. The Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief and Consumer Protection Act was signed into law on May 25, 2018. This Act amended certain provisions of the Dodd-Frank Act and other banking laws. The amendments are designed to provide regulatory relief to banking organizations, primarily small, community banking organizations, by adjusting thresholds at which increased regulatory requirements begin to apply. When fully implemented through regulations, community banking organizations with assets of less than $10 billion will be subject to reduced reporting requirements and an optional simplified capital adequacy measure will be available to those that have a leverage ratio greater than 9%.

Limestone Bancorp. The Company is registered as a bank holding company under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended, and is subject to supervision and regulation by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the “Federal Reserve Board”). As such, the Company must file with the Federal Reserve Board annual and quarterly reports and other information regarding our business operations and the business operations of our subsidiaries. The Company is also subject to examination by the Federal Reserve Board and to operational guidelines established by the Federal Reserve Board. The Company is subject to the Bank Holding Company Act and other federal laws on the types of activities in which we may engage, and to other supervisory requirements, including regulatory enforcement actions for violations of laws and regulations.

Acquisitions. A bank holding company must obtain Federal Reserve Board approval before acquiring, directly or indirectly, ownership or control of more than 5% of the voting stock or all or substantially all of the assets of a bank, merging or consolidating with any other bank holding company and before engaging, or acquiring a company that is not a bank and is engaged in certain non-banking activities. Federal law also prohibits a person or group of persons from acquiring “control” of a bank holding company without notifying the Federal Reserve Board in advance, and then may only do so if the Federal Reserve Board does not object to the proposed transaction. The Federal Reserve Board has established a rebuttable presumptive standard that the acquisition of 10% or more of the voting stock of a bank holding company would constitute an acquisition of control of the bank holding company. In addition, approval of the Federal Reserve Board is required before acquiring 25% (5% in the case of an acquirer that is a bank holding company) or more of any class of a bank holding company’s voting securities, or otherwise obtaining control or a “controlling influence” over a bank holding company.

Permissible Activities. A bank holding company is generally permitted under the Bank Holding Company Act to engage in or acquire direct or indirect control of more than 5% of the voting shares of any bank, bank holding company or company engaged in any activity that the Federal Reserve Board determines to be so closely related to banking as to be a proper incident to the business of banking.

3

Under current federal law, a bank holding company may elect to become a financial holding company, which enables the holding company to conduct activities that are “financial in nature,” incidental to financial activity, or complementary to financial activity that do not pose a substantial risk to the safety and soundness of depository institutions or the financial system generally. Activities that are “financial in nature” include securities underwriting, dealing and market making in securities; sponsoring mutual funds and investment companies; insurance underwriting and agency; merchant banking activities; and activities that the Federal Reserve Board has determined to be closely related to banking. No regulatory approval is required for a financial holding company to acquire a company, other than a bank or savings association, engaged in activities that are financial in nature or incidental to activities that are financial in nature, as determined by the Federal Reserve Board. The Bank has not filed an election to become a financial holding company.

Dividends. Under Federal Reserve Board policy, bank holding companies should pay cash dividends on common stock only out of income available over the past year and only if prospective earnings retention is consistent with the organization’s expected future needs and financial condition. The policy provides that bank holding companies should not declare a level of cash dividends that undermines the bank holding company’s ability to serve as a source of strength to its banking subsidiaries.

The Company is a legal entity separate and distinct from the Bank. Historically, the majority of the Company’s revenue has been from dividends paid to it by the Bank. The Bank is subject to laws and regulations that limit the amount of dividends it can pay. If, in the opinion of a federal regulatory agency, an institution under its jurisdiction is engaged in or is about to engage in an unsafe or unsound practice, the agency may require, after notice and hearing, that the institution cease such practice. The federal banking agencies have indicated that paying dividends that deplete an institution’s capital base to an inadequate level would be an unsafe and unsound banking practice. Under the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act (“FDICIA”), an insured institution may not pay any dividend if payment would cause it to become undercapitalized or if it already is undercapitalized. Moreover, the Federal Reserve and the FDIC have issued policy statements providing that bank holding companies and banks should generally pay dividends only out of current operating earnings. A bank holding company may still declare and pay a dividend if it does not have current operating earnings if the bank holding company expects profits for the entire year and the bank holding company obtains the prior consent of the Federal Reserve.

Under Kentucky law, dividends by Kentucky banks may be paid only from current or retained net profits. The KDFI must approve the declaration of dividends if the total dividends to be declared by a bank for any calendar year would exceed the bank’s total net profits for such year combined with its retained net profits for the preceding two years, less any required transfers to surplus or a fund for the retirement of preferred stock or debt. Additionally, retained earnings must be positive. The Company is also subject to the Kentucky Business Corporation Act, which generally prohibits dividends to the extent they result in the insolvency of the corporation from a balance sheet perspective or if the corporation is unable to pay its debts as they come due. The Bank did not pay any dividends in 2018 or 2017. The Bank has negative retained earnings and cannot pay dividends without prior regulatory approval.

Source of Financial Strength. Under Federal Reserve policy, a bank holding company is expected to act as a source of financial strength to, and to commit resources to support, its bank subsidiaries. This support may be required at times when, absent such a policy, the bank holding company may not be inclined to provide it. In addition, any capital loans by the bank holding company to its bank subsidiaries are subordinate in right of payment to deposits and to certain other indebtedness of the bank subsidiary. In the event of a bank holding company’s bankruptcy, any commitment by the bank holding company to a federal bank regulatory agency to maintain the capital of subsidiary banks will be assumed by the bankruptcy trustee and entitled to a priority of payment. The Federal Reserve’s “Source of Financial Strength” policy was codified in the Dodd-Frank Act.

Limestone Bank. The Bank, a Kentucky chartered commercial bank, is subject to regular bank examinations and other supervision and regulation by both the FDIC and the KDFI. Kentucky’s banking statutes contain a “super-parity” provision that permits a well-rated Kentucky banking corporation to engage in any banking activity which could be engaged in by a national bank operating in Kentucky; a state bank, a thrift or savings bank operating in any other state; or a federal chartered thrift or federal savings association meeting the qualified thrift lender test and operating in any state could engage, provided the Kentucky bank first obtains a legal opinion specifying the statutory or regulatory provisions that permit the activity.

Capital Adequacy Requirements. The Company and the Bank are required to comply with capital adequacy guidelines. Guidelines are established by the Federal Reserve Board for the Company and the FDIC for the Bank. Both the Federal Reserve Board and the FDIC have substantially similar risk based and leverage ratio guidelines for banking organizations, which are intended to ensure that banking organizations have adequate capital related to the risk levels of assets and off-balance sheet instruments. The capital adequacy guidelines are minimum supervisory ratios generally applicable to banking organizations that meet certain specified criteria, assuming they have the highest regulatory rating. Banking organizations not meeting these criteria are expected to operate with capital positions well above the minimum ratios. The federal bank regulatory agencies may set capital requirements for a particular banking organization that are higher than the minimum ratios when circumstances warrant. Federal Reserve Board guidelines also provide that banking organizations experiencing internal growth or making acquisitions will be expected to maintain strong capital positions substantially above the minimum supervisory levels, without significant reliance on intangible assets.

4

In July 2013, the Federal Reserve Board and the FDIC approved final rules that substantially amended the regulatory risk-based capital rules applicable to the Company and Bank. The final rules implement the regulatory capital reforms of the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision reflected in “Basel III: A Global Regulatory Framework for More Resilient Banks and Banking Systems” (“Basel III”) and changes required by the Dodd-Frank Act, and became effective for the Company and Bank on January 1, 2015.

The Basel III minimum capital level requirements applicable to bank holding companies and banks subject to the rules are  a common equity Tier 1 capital ratio of 4.5%, a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 6%, a total risk-based capital ratio of 8%, and a Tier 1 leverage ratio of 4% for all institutions. The rules also establish a “capital conservation buffer” of 2.5% above the regulatory minimum risk-based capital ratios, which was fully phased in as of January 1, 2019. With the capital conservation buffer fully phased in, the required ratios area common equity Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 7.0%, a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 8.5%, and a total risk-based capital ratio of 10.5%.

An institution is subject to limitations on paying dividends, engaging in share repurchases and paying discretionary bonuses if capital levels fall below minimum levels plus the buffer amounts. These limitations establish a maximum percentage of eligible retained income that could be utilized for such actions.

Under the Basel III capital rules, Tier 1 capital generally consists of common stock (plus related surplus) and retained earnings, limited amounts of minority interest in the form of additional Tier 1 capital instruments, and non-cumulative preferred stock and related surplus, subject to certain eligibility standards, less goodwill and other specified intangible assets and other regulatory deductions. Tier 2 capital may consist of subordinated debt, certain hybrid capital instruments, qualifying preferred stock and a limited amount of the allowance for loan losses. Proceeds of trust preferred securities are excluded from Tier 1 capital unless issued before 2010 by an institution with less than $15 billion of assets. Total capital is the sum of Tier 1 and Tier 2 capital.

Prompt Corrective Action. Pursuant to the Federal Deposit Insurance Act (“FDIA”), the FDIC must take prompt corrective action to resolve the problems of undercapitalized institutions. FDIC regulations define the levels at which an insured institution would be considered “well capitalized,” “adequately capitalized,” “undercapitalized,” “significantly undercapitalized” and “critically undercapitalized”. A bank is “undercapitalized” if it fails to meet any one of the ratios required to be adequately capitalized. A depository institution may be deemed to be in a capitalization category that is lower than is indicated by its actual capital position if it receives an unsatisfactory examination rating. The degree of regulatory scrutiny increases and the permissible activities of a bank decrease, as the bank moves downward through the capital categories. Depending on a bank’s level of capital, the FDIC’s corrective powers include:

• requiring a capital restoration plan;

• placing limits on asset growth and restriction on activities;

• requiring the bank to issue additional voting or other capital stock or to be acquired;

• placing restrictions on transactions with affiliates;

• restricting the interest rate the bank may pay on deposits;

• ordering a new election of the bank’s board of directors;

• requiring that certain senior executive officers or directors be dismissed;

• prohibiting the bank from accepting deposits from correspondent banks;

• requiring the bank to divest certain subsidiaries;

• prohibiting the payment of principal or interest on subordinated debt; and

• ultimately, appointing a receiver for the bank.

If an institution is required to submit a capital restoration plan, the institution’s holding company must guarantee the subsidiary’s compliance with the capital restoration plan up to a certain specified amount. Any such guarantee from a depository institution’s holding company is entitled to a priority of payment in bankruptcy. The aggregate liability of the holding company of an undercapitalized bank is limited to the lesser of 5% of the institution’s assets at the time it became undercapitalized or the amount necessary to cause the institution to be “adequately capitalized.” The bank regulators have greater power in situations where an institution becomes “significantly” or “critically” undercapitalized or fails to submit a capital restoration plan. For example, a bank holding company controlling such an institution can be required to obtain prior Federal Reserve Board approval of proposed dividends, or might be required to consent to a consolidation or to divest the troubled institution or other affiliates.

5

Deposit Insurance Assessments. The deposits of the Bank are insured by the Deposit Insurance Fund (“DIF”) of the FDIC up to the limits set forth under applicable law and are subject to the deposit insurance premium assessments of the DIF. The FDIC imposes a risk-based deposit premium assessment system, which was amended pursuant to the Federal Deposit Insurance Reform Act of 2005 (the “Reform Act”). Under this system, as amended, the assessment rates for an insured depository institution vary according to the level of risk incurred in its activities. To arrive at an assessment rate for a banking institution, the FDIC places it in one of four risk categories determined by reference to its capital levels and supervisory ratings. The assessment rate schedule can change from time to time, at the discretion of the FDIC, subject to certain limits.

The Dodd-Frank Act imposed additional assessments and costs with respect to deposits. Under the Dodd-Frank Act, the FDIC imposes deposit insurance assessments based on total assets rather than total deposits. Pursuant to the Dodd-Frank Act, the FDIC revised the deposit insurance assessment system and implemented a revised assessment rate process with the goal of differentiating insured depository institutions who pose greater risk to the DIF.

Safety and Soundness Standards. The FDIA requires the federal bank regulatory agencies to prescribe standards, by regulations or guidelines, relating to internal controls, information systems and internal audit systems, loan documentation, credit underwriting, interest rate risk exposure, asset growth, asset quality, earnings, stock valuation and compensation, fees and benefits, and such other operational and managerial standards as the agencies deem appropriate. Guidelines adopted by the federal bank regulatory agencies establish general standards relating to these matters. In general, the guidelines require, among other things, appropriate systems and practices to identify and manage the risk and exposures specified in the guidelines. In addition, the agencies adopted regulations that authorize, but do not require, an agency to order an institution that has been given notice by an agency that it is not satisfying any of such safety and soundness standards to submit a compliance plan. If, after being so notified, an institution fails to submit an acceptable compliance plan or fails in any material respect to implement an acceptable compliance plan, the agency must issue an order directing action to correct the deficiency and may issue an order directing other actions of the types to which an undercapitalized institution is subject under the “prompt corrective action” provisions of FDIA. See “Prompt Corrective Actions” above. If an institution fails to comply with such an order, the agency may seek to enforce such order in judicial proceedings and to impose civil money penalties.

Incentive Compensation. The Dodd-Frank Act requires the federal bank regulatory agencies and the SEC to establish joint regulations or guidelines prohibiting incentive-based payment arrangements at specified regulated entities having at least $1 billion in total assets, such as Limestone Bancorp and Limestone Bank, that encourage inappropriate risks by providing an executive officer, employee, director or principal shareholder with excessive compensation, fees, or benefits or that could lead to material financial loss to the entity. In addition, these regulators must establish regulations or guidelines requiring enhanced disclosure to regulators of incentive-based compensation arrangements. The agencies proposed such regulations in April 2011, but the regulations have not been finalized. If the regulations are adopted in the form initially proposed, they will impose limitations on the manner in which the Company may structure compensation for its executives.

In June 2010, the Federal Reserve, OCC, and FDIC issued comprehensive final guidance on incentive compensation policies intended to ensure that the incentive compensation policies of banking organizations do not undermine the safety and soundness of such organizations by encouraging excessive risk-taking. The guidance, which covers all employees who have the ability to materially affect the risk profile of an organization, either individually or as part of a group, is based upon the key principles that a banking organization’s incentive compensation arrangements should (i) provide incentives that do not encourage risk-taking beyond the organization’s ability to effectively identify and manage risks, (ii) be compatible with effective internal controls and risk management, and (iii) be supported by strong corporate governance, including active and effective oversight by the organization’s board of directors. These three principles are incorporated into the proposed joint compensation regulations under the Dodd-Frank Act, discussed above.

The Federal Reserve will review, as part of the regular, risk-focused examination process, the incentive compensation arrangements of banking organizations, such as Limestone Bancorp, that are not “large, complex banking organizations.” These reviews will be tailored to each organization based on the scope and complexity of the organization’s activities and the prevalence of incentive compensation arrangements. The findings of the supervisory initiatives will be included in reports of examination. Deficiencies will be incorporated into the organization’s supervisory ratings, which can affect the organization’s ability to make acquisitions and take other actions.

Enforcement actions may be taken against a banking organization if its incentive compensation arrangements, or related risk-management control or governance processes, pose a risk to the organization’s safety and soundness and the organization is not taking prompt and effective measures to correct the deficiencies.

6

Branching. Kentucky law permits Kentucky chartered banks to establish a banking office in any county in Kentucky. A Kentucky bank may also establish a banking office outside of Kentucky. Well capitalized Kentucky banks that have been in operation at least three years and satisfy certain criteria relating to, among other things, their composite and management ratings, may establish a banking office in Kentucky without the approval of the KDFI upon notice to the KDFI and any other state bank with its main office located in the county where the new banking office will be located. Otherwise, branching requires the approval of the KDFI, which must ascertain and determine that the public convenience and advantage will be served and promoted and that there is reasonable probability of the successful operation of the banking office. The transaction must also be approved by the FDIC, which considers a number of factors, including financial history, capital adequacy, earnings prospects, character of management, needs of the community and consistency with corporate powers.

Section 613 of the Dodd-Frank Act effectively eliminated the interstate branching restrictions set forth in the Riegle-Neal Interstate Banking and Branching Efficiency Act of 1994. Banks located in any state may now de novo branch in any other state, including Kentucky. Such unlimited branching power may increase competition within the markets in which the Company and the Bank operate.

Insider Credit Transactions. The restrictions on loans to directors, executive officers, principal shareholders and their related interests (collectively referred to as “insiders”) contained in the Federal Reserve Act and Regulation O apply to all insured depository institutions and their subsidiaries. These restrictions include limits on loans to one borrower and conditions that must be met before such a loan can be made. There is also an aggregate limitation on all loans to insiders and their related interests, which may not exceed the institution’s total unimpaired capital and surplus.

Consumer Protection Laws. The Bank is subject to federal consumer protection statues and regulations promulgated under those laws, including, but not limited to, the:

● Truth-In-Lending Act and Regulation Z, governing disclosures of credit terms to consumer borrowers;

● Home Mortgage Disclosure Act and Regulation C, requiring financial institutions to provide certain information about home mortgage and refinanced loans;

● Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act (“RESPA”), requiring lenders to provide borrowers with disclosures regarding the nature and cost of real estate settlements and prohibiting certain abusive practices;

● Secure and Fair Enforcement for Mortgage Licensing Act (“S.A.F.E. Act”), requiring residential loan originators who are employees of financial institutions to meet registration requirements;

● Fair Credit Reporting Act and Regulation V, governing the provision of consumer information to credit reporting agencies and the use of consumer information;

● Equal Credit Opportunity Act and Regulation B, prohibiting discrimination on the basis of race, religion or other prohibited factors in the extension of credit;

● Fair Debt Collection Act, governing the manner in which consumer debts may be collected by collection agencies;

● Truth in Savings Act, which requires disclosure of deposit terms to consumers;

● Regulation CC, which relates to the availability of deposit funds to consumers;

● Right to Financial Privacy Act, which imposes a duty to maintain the confidentiality of consumer financial records and prescribes procedures for complying with administrative subpoenas of financial records;

● Electronic Funds Transfer Act, governing automatic deposits to and withdrawals from deposit accounts and customers’ rights and liabilities arising from the use of automated teller machines and other electronic banking services;

● Automated Overdraft Payment Regulations and Regulation E, requiring financial institutions to provide customer notices, monitor overdraft payment programs, and prohibiting financial institutions from charging consumer fees for paying overdrafts on automated teller machine and one time debit card transactions unless a consumer consents, or opts in to the service for those types of transactions.

The Dodd-Frank Act created the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, which is granted broad rulemaking, supervisory and enforcement powers under various federal consumer financial protection laws. The CFPB has examination and primary enforcement authority with respect to depository institutions with $10 billion or more in assets. Smaller institutions are subject to rules promulgated by the CFPB, but continue to be examined and supervised by federal banking regulators for consumer compliance purposes. The CFPB has authority to prevent unfair, deceptive or abusive acts or practices in connection with the offering of consumer financial products. The Dodd-Frank Act authorizes the CFPB to establish certain minimum standards for the origination of residential mortgages including a determination of the borrower’s ability to repay. In addition, the Dodd-Frank Act allows borrowers to raise certain defenses to foreclosure if they receive any loan other than a “qualified mortgage” as defined by the CFPB. The Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief and Consumer Protection Act created a qualified mortgage safe harbor for eligible loans that are originated and retained by a bank with total assets of less than $10 billion.

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The Dodd-Frank Act also permits states to adopt consumer protection laws and standards that are more stringent than those adopted at the federal level and, in certain circumstances, permits state attorneys general to enforce compliance with both the state and federal laws and regulations. Federal preemption of state consumer protection law requirements, traditionally an attribute of the federal savings association charter, has also been modified by the Dodd-Frank Act and now requires a case-by-case determination of preemption by the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (“OCC”) and eliminates preemption for subsidiaries of a bank. Depending on the implementation of this revised federal preemption standard, the operations of the Bank could become subject to additional compliance burdens in the states in which it operates.

Loans to One Borrower. Under current limits, loans and extensions of credit outstanding at one time to a single borrower and not fully secured generally may not exceed 20% of an institution’s unimpaired capital and unimpaired surplus. Loans and extensions of credit fully secured by collateral may represent an additional 10% of unimpaired capital and unimpaired surplus.

Volcker Rule. On December 10, 2013, the final Volcker Rule under the Dodd-Frank Act was approved and implemented by the Federal Reserve Board, the FDIC, the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), and the Commodity Futures Trading Commission. The Volcker Rule attempts to reduce risk and banking system instability by restricting U.S. banks from investing in or engaging in proprietary trading and speculation and imposing a strict framework to justify exemptions for underwriting, market-making and hedging activities. U.S. banks are restricted from investing in funds with collateral comprised of less than 100% loans that are not registered with the SEC and from engaging in hedging activities that do not hedge a specific identified risk. The Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief and Consumer Protection Act exempted banks, like the Bank, which have less than $10 billion in assets and no material trading assets and liabilities from the Volcker Rule.

Privacy. Federal law currently contains extensive customer privacy protection provisions. Under these provisions, a financial institution must provide to its customers, at the inception of the customer relationship and annually thereafter, the institution’s policies and procedures regarding the handling of customers’ nonpublic personal financial information. These provisions also provide that, except for certain limited exceptions, an institution may not provide such personal information to unaffiliated third parties unless the institution discloses to the customer that such information may be so provided and the customer is given the opportunity to opt out of such disclosure. Federal law makes it a criminal offense, except in limited circumstances, to obtain or attempt to obtain customer information of a financial nature by fraudulent or deceptive means.

Community Reinvestment Act. The Community Reinvestment Act (“CRA”) requires the FDIC to assess our record in meeting the credit needs of the communities the Bank serves, including low- and moderate-income neighborhoods and persons. The FDIC’s assessment of our record is made available to the public. The assessment also is part of the Federal Reserve Board’s consideration of applications to acquire, merge or consolidate with another banking institution or its holding company, to establish a new banking office or to relocate an office.

Bank Secrecy Act. The Bank Secrecy Act of 1970 (“BSA”) was enacted to deter money laundering, establish regulatory reporting standards for currency transactions and improve detection and investigation of criminal, tax and other regulatory violations. BSA and subsequent laws and regulations require us to take steps to prevent the use of the Bank in the flow of illegal or illicit money, including, without limitation, ensuring effective management oversight, establishing sound policies and procedures, developing effective monitoring and reporting capabilities, ensuring adequate training and establishing a comprehensive internal audit of BSA compliance activities. In recent years, federal regulators have increased the attention paid to compliance with the provisions of BSA and related laws, with particular attention paid to “Know Your Customer” practices. Banks have been encouraged by regulators to enhance their identification procedures prior to accepting new customers in order to deter criminal elements from using the banking system to move and hide illegal and illicit activities.

USA Patriot Act. The USA Patriot Act of 2001 (the “Patriot Act”) contains anti-money laundering measures affecting insured depository institutions, broker-dealers and certain other financial institutions. The Patriot Act requires financial institutions to implement policies and procedures to combat money laundering and the financing of terrorism. This includes standards for verifying customer identification at account opening, as well as rules to promote cooperation among financial institutions, regulators and law enforcement entities in identifying parties that may be involved in terrorism or money laundering. It grants the Secretary of the Treasury broad authority to establish regulations and to impose requirements and restrictions on the operations of financial institutions. In addition, the Patriot Act requires the federal bank regulatory agencies to consider the effectiveness of a financial institution’s anti-money laundering activities when reviewing bank mergers and bank holding company acquisitions.

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Effect on Economic Environment. The policies of regulatory authorities, including the monetary policy of the Federal Reserve Board, have a significant effect on the operating results of bank holding companies and bank subsidiaries. Among the means available to the Federal Reserve Board to affect the money supply are open market operations in U.S. government securities, changes in the discount rate on member bank borrowings and changes in reserve requirements against member bank deposits. These means are used in varying combinations to influence overall growth and distribution of bank loans, investments and deposits. Their use may affect interest rates charged on loans or paid for deposits.

Federal Reserve Board monetary policies have materially affected the operating results of commercial banks in the past and are expected to continue to do so in the future. The nature of future monetary policies and the effect of such policies on our business and earnings and those of our subsidiaries cannot be predicted.

Legislative and Regulatory Initiatives. From time to time various laws, regulations and governmental programs affecting financial institutions and the financial industry are introduced in Congress or otherwise promulgated by regulatory agencies. Such measures may change the environment in which the Company and its subsidiaries operate in substantial and unpredictable ways. The nature and extent of future legislative, regulatory or other changes affecting financial institutions are unpredictable at this time. Future legislation, policies and the effects thereof might have a significant influence on overall growth and distribution of loans, investments and deposits. They also may affect interest rates charged on loans or paid on time and savings deposits. New legislation and policies have had a significant effect on the operating results of commercial banks in the past and are expected to continue to do so in the future.

Available Information

The Company files periodic reports with the SEC including its annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current event reports on Form 8-K and proxy statements. The public may read and copy any materials filed with the SEC at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, NE, Washington, DC 20549. The public may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. The SEC maintains an internet site that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC at http://www.sec.gov. The Bank’s Internet address is http://www.limestonebank.com. The Company’s SEC reports are accessible at no cost on its web site at http://www.limestonebank.com, under the Investors Relations section of the About Us tab, once they have been electronically filed with the SEC. A shareholder may also request a copy of the Annual Report on Form 10-K free of charge upon written request to: Chief Financial Officer, Limestone Bancorp, Inc., 2500 Eastpoint Parkway, Louisville, Kentucky 40223. The Internet address of the Company is http://www.snl.com/IRW/CorporateProfile/1022071.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

An investment in the Company’s common stock involves a number of risks. Realization of any of the risks described below could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flow and/or future prospects.

The Company’s business may be adversely affected by conditions in the financial markets and by economic conditions generally.

Weakness in business and economic conditions generally or specifically in our markets may have one or more of the following adverse effects on our business:

● A decrease in the demand for loans and other products and services the Bank offers;

● A decrease in the value of collateral securing the Bank’s loans; and

● An increase in the number of customers who become delinquent, file for protection under bankruptcy laws or default on their loans.

Adverse conditions in the general business environment have had an adverse effect on our business in the past. Although the general business environment has improved, management cannot predict how long such improvement can be sustained. In addition, the improvement of certain economic indicators, such as real estate asset values, rents, and unemployment, may vary between geographic markets and may continue to lag behind improvement in the overall economy. These economic indicators typically affect the real estate and financial services industries, in which the Bank has a significant number of customers, more significantly than other economic sectors. Furthermore, the Bank has a substantial lending business that depends upon the ability of borrowers to make debt service payments on loans. Should economic conditions worsen, our business, financial condition or results of operations could be adversely affected.

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The Bank’s profitability depends significantly on local economic conditions.

Most of the Bank’s business activities are conducted in central Kentucky and most of its credit exposure is in that region. The Bank is at risk from adverse economic or business developments affecting this area, including declining regional and local business and employment activity, a downturn in real estate values and agricultural activities and natural disasters. To the extent the central Kentucky economy weakens, delinquency rates, foreclosures, bankruptcies and losses in the Bank’s loan portfolio will likely increase. Moreover, the value of real estate or other collateral that secures the loans could be adversely affected by the economic downturn or a localized natural disaster. Events that adversely affect business activity and real estate values in central Kentucky have had and may continue to have a negative impact on the Bank’s business, financial condition, results of operations and future prospects.

Small to medium-sized business portfolio may have fewer resources to weather a downturn in the economy.

The loan portfolio includes loans to small and medium-sized businesses and other commercial enterprises. Small and medium-sized businesses frequently have smaller market shares than their competitors, may be more vulnerable to economic downturns, often need additional capital to expand or compete and may experience variations in operating results, any of which may impair a borrower’s ability to repay a loan. In addition, the success of a small or medium-sized business often depends on the management talents and efforts of one or two persons or a small group of persons. The death, disability or resignation of one or more of these persons could have a material adverse impact on the business and its ability to repay the loan. A continued economic downturn may have a more pronounced negative impact on the target market, causing the Bank to incur substantial credit losses that could materially harm operating results.

The Bank’s decisions regarding credit risk may not be accurate, and its allowance for loan losses may not be sufficient to cover actual losses, which could adversely affect its business, financial condition and results of operations.

The Bank maintains an allowance for loan losses at a level management believes is adequate to absorb probable incurred losses in the loan portfolio based on historical loan loss experience, economic and environmental factors, specific problem loans, value of underlying collateral and other relevant factors. If management’s assessment of these factors is ultimately inaccurate, the allowance may not be sufficient to cover actual future loan losses, which would adversely affect operating results. Management’s estimates are subjective, and their accuracy depends on the outcome of future events. Changes in economic, operating, and other conditions that are generally beyond the Bank’s control could cause actual loan losses to increase significantly. In addition, bank regulatory agencies, as an integral part of their supervisory functions, periodically review the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses. Regulatory agencies may require an increase in provision for loan losses or to recognize additional loan charge-offs when their judgment differs. Any of these events could have a material negative impact on operating results.

Levels of classified loans and non-performing assets may increase in the foreseeable future if economic conditions cause borrowers to default. Furthermore, the value of the collateral underlying a given loan, and the realizable value of such collateral in a foreclosure sale, may decline, making it less likely to realize a full recovery if a borrower defaults on a loan. Any additional increases in the level of non-performing assets, loan charge-offs or provision for loan losses, or the inability to realize the estimated net value of underlying collateral in the event of a loan default, could negatively affect the Bank’s business, financial condition, results of operations and the trading price of the Company’s common shares.

If the Bank experiences greater credit losses than anticipated, its operating results would be adversely affected.

As a lender, the Bank is exposed to the risk that borrowers will be unable to repay their loans according to their terms and that any collateral securing the payment of their loans may not be sufficient to assure repayment. Credit losses are inherent in the business of making loans and could have a material adverse effect on operating results. Credit risk with respect to the real estate and construction loan portfolio will relate principally to the creditworthiness of borrowers and the value of the real estate serving as security for the repayment of loans. Credit risk with respect to the commercial and consumer loan portfolio will relate principally to the general creditworthiness of businesses and individuals within the local markets.

Management makes various assumptions and judgments about the collectability of its loan portfolio and provides an allowance for estimated loss losses based on a number of factors. Management believes the Bank’s allowance for loan losses is adequate. However, if assumptions or judgments are wrong, the allowance for loan losses may not be sufficient to cover actual loan losses. Management may have to increase the allowance in the future at the request of one of the Bank’s primary regulators, to adjust for changing conditions and assumptions, or as a result of any deterioration in the quality of the loan portfolio. The actual amount of future provisions for loan losses cannot be determined at this time and may vary from the amounts of past provisions.

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A large percentage of the Bank’s loans are collateralized by real estate, and any prolonged weakness in the real estate market may result in losses and adversely affect profitability.

Approximately 75.6% of the Bank’s loan portfolio as of December 31, 2018, was comprised of commercial and residential loans collateralized by real estate. Adverse economic conditions could decrease demand for real estate and depress real estate values in our markets. Persistent weakness in the real estate market could significantly impair the value of loan collateral and the ability to sell the collateral upon foreclosure. The real estate collateral in each case provides an alternate source of repayment in the event of default by the borrower and may deteriorate in value during the time the credit is extended. If real estate values decline, it will become more likely that management would be required to increase the Bank’s allowance for loan losses. If during a period of depressed real estate values, management was required to liquidate the collateral securing a loan to satisfy the debt or to increase the allowance for loan losses, it could materially reduce the Bank’s profitability and adversely affect its financial condition.

The Bank offers real estate construction and development loans, which carry a higher degree of risk than other real estate loans. Weakness in the residential construction and commercial development real estate markets has in the past increased the non-performing assets in the Bank’s loan portfolio and its provision for loan loss expense. These impacts have had, and could have in the future, a material adverse effect on capital, financial condition and results of operations.

Approximately 11.4% of our loan portfolio as of December 31, 2018 consisted of real estate construction and development loans, up from 8.1% at December 31, 2017 and 5.7% at December 31, 2016. These loans generally carry a higher degree of risk than long-term financing of existing properties because repayment depends on the ultimate completion of the project and permanent financing or sale of the property. If the Bank is forced to foreclose on a project prior to its completion, it may not be able to recover the entire unpaid portion of the loan or it may be required to fund additional money to complete the project, or hold the property for an indeterminate period of time. Any of these outcomes may result in losses and adversely affect profitability and financial condition.

Residential construction and commercial development real estate activity in the Bank’s markets were affected by the challenging economic conditions that followed the financial crisis of 2008. Weakness in these sectors could lead to valuation adjustments to the loan portfolios and real estate owned. A weak real estate market could reduce demand for residential housing, which, in turn, could adversely affect real estate development and construction activities. Consequently, the longer challenging economic conditions persist, the more likely they are to adversely affect the ability of residential real estate development borrowers to repay loans and the value of property used as collateral for such loans.

The Bank may acquire or hold from time to time OREO properties, which could increase operating expenses and result in future losses to the Company.

During recent years, the Bank has acquired and disposed of a significant amount of real estate as a result of foreclosure or by deed in lieu of foreclosure that is listed on the balance sheet as other real estate owned (“OREO”). An increase in the OREO portfolio increases the expenses incurred to manage and dispose of these properties, which sometimes includes funding construction required to facilitate sale.

Properties in our OREO portfolio are recorded at fair value, which represents the estimated sales price of the properties on the date acquired less estimated selling costs. Generally, in determining “fair value” an orderly disposition of the property is assumed, except where a different disposition strategy is expected. Significant judgment is required in estimating the fair value of OREO, and the period of time within which such estimates can be considered current may change during periods of market volatility. Any decreases in market prices of real estate may lead to additional OREO write downs, with a corresponding expense in the statement of operations. Management evaluates OREO property values periodically and writes down the carrying value of the properties if and when the results of our analysis require it.

In response to market conditions and other economic factors, management may utilize alternative sale strategies other than orderly disposition as part of the Bank’s OREO disposition strategy, such as auctions or bulk sales. In this event, as a result of the significant judgments required in estimating fair value and the variables involved in different methods of disposition, the net proceeds realized from such sales transactions could differ significantly from appraisals, comparable sales, and other estimates used to determine the fair value of OREO properties. In addition, the disposition of OREO through alternative sales strategies could impact the fair value of comparable OREO properties remaining in the portfolio.

Profitability is vulnerable to fluctuations in interest rates.

Changes in interest rates could harm financial condition or results of operations. The results of operations depend substantially on net interest income, the difference between interest earned on interest-earning assets (such as investments and loans) and interest paid on interest-bearing liabilities (such as deposits and borrowings). Interest rates are highly sensitive to many factors, including governmental monetary policies and domestic or international economic or political conditions. Factors beyond our control, such as inflation, recession, unemployment and money supply may also affect interest rates. If, as a result of decreasing interest rates, interest-earning assets mature or reprice more quickly than interest-bearing liabilities in a given period, net interest income may decrease. Likewise, net interest income may decrease if interest-bearing liabilities mature or reprice more quickly than interest-earning assets in a given period as a result of increasing interest rates.

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Fixed-rate loans increase the exposure to interest rate risk in a rising rate environment because interest-bearing liabilities may be subject to repricing before assets become subject to repricing. Fixed rate investment securities are subject to fair value declines as interest rates rise. Adjustable-rate loans decrease the risk associated with rising interest rates but involve other risks, such as the inability of borrowers to make higher payments in an increasing interest rate environment. At the same time, for secured loans, the marketability of the underlying collateral may be adversely affected by higher interest rates. In a declining interest rate environment, there may be an increase in prepayments on loans as the borrowers refinance their loans at lower interest rates, which could reduce net interest income and harm results of operations.

If the Bank cannot obtain adequate funding, it may not be able to meet the cash flow requirements of its depositors and borrowers, or meet the operating cash needs of the Company.

The Company’s liquidity policies and limits are established by the Board of Directors of the Bank, with operating limits managed and monitored by the Asset Liability Committee (“ALCO”), based upon analyses of the ratio of loans to deposits and the percentage of assets funded with non-core or wholesale funding. The ALCO regularly monitors the overall liquidity position of the Bank and the Company to ensure that various alternative strategies exist to meet unanticipated events that could affect liquidity. Liquidity is the ability to meet cash flow needs on a timely basis at a reasonable cost. If our liquidity policies and strategies do not work as well as intended, the Bank may be unable to make loans and repay deposit liabilities as they become due or are demanded by customers. The ALCO follows established board approved policies and monitors guidelines to diversify our wholesale funding sources to avoid concentrations in any one-market source. Wholesale funding sources include Federal funds purchased, securities sold under repurchase agreements, and Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) advances that are collateralized with mortgage-related assets.

The Bank maintains a portfolio of securities that can be used as a secondary source of liquidity. There are other available sources of liquidity, including additional collateralized borrowings such as FHLB advances, the issuance of debt securities, and the issuance of preferred or common shares in public or private transactions. If the Bank is unable to access any of these funding sources when needed, it might not be able to meet the needs of customers, which could adversely impact its financial condition, its results of operations, cash flows, and its level of regulatory-qualifying capital.

The Company may not be able to realize the value of its deferred tax assets.

Due to historic losses, the Company has a net operating loss carry-forward of $23.4 million, credit carry-forwards of $554,000, and other net deferred tax assets of $5.3 million. In order to realize the benefit of these tax losses, credits and deductions, the Company needs to generate substantial taxable income in future periods. Deferred tax assets are calculated using a federal corporate tax rate of 21%. Changes in tax laws and rates may affect deferred tax assets in the future. If lower federal corporate tax rates are enacted, net deferred tax assets would be reduced commensurate with the rate reduction. Additionally, should the Company need to raise additional capital by issuing new common shares or securities convertible into common shares, then depending on the number of common share equivalents issued, it could trigger a “change in control,” as defined by Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code. Such an event could negatively impact or limit the ability to utilize net operating loss carry-forwards, credit loss carry-forwards, and other net deferred tax assets.

As a bank holding company, the Company depends on dividends and distributions paid to it by its banking subsidiary.

The Company is a legal entity separate and distinct from the Bank and its other subsidiaries. The principal source of cash flow, from which we would fund any dividends paid to shareholders, has historically been dividends the Company receives from the Bank. Regulations of the FDIC and the KDFI govern the ability of the Bank to pay dividends and other distributions to the Company, and regulations of the Federal Reserve govern the ability to pay dividends or make other distributions to shareholders. Since the Bank is unlikely to be in a position to pay dividends to the Company without prior regulatory approval until retained earnings are positive, cash inflows for the Company are limited to common stock, preferred stock, or debt issuances. See the “Item 1. Business” “Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities – Dividends.”

The Company’s senior debt is secured by the Bank’s common stock and contains financial covenants that must be maintained to avoid default.

The Company’s senior secured loan agreement is with a commercial bank. The loan matures on June 30, 2022. Interest is payable quarterly at a rate of three-month LIBOR plus 250 basis points through June 30, 2020, at which time quarterly principal payments of $250,000 plus interest will commence. The loan is secured by a first priority pledge of 100% of the issued and outstanding stock of the Bank. The Company may prepay any amount due under the promissory note at any time without premium or penalty.

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The loan agreement contains customary representations, warranties, covenants and events of default, including the following financial covenants: (i) the Company must maintain minimum cash on hand of not less than $2,500,000, (ii) the Company must maintain a total risk based capital ratio at least equal to 10% of risk-weighted assets, (iii) the Bank must maintain a total risk based capital ratio at least equal to 11% of risk-weighted assets, and (iv) non-performing assets of the Bank may not exceed 2.5% of the Bank’s total assets. Both the Company and Bank were in compliance with the covenants as of December 31, 2018.

Risk related to legal proceedings.

From time to time, the Company is involved in judicial, regulatory, and arbitration proceedings concerning matters arising from our business activities and fiduciary responsibilities. The Company establishes reserves for legal claims when payments associated with the claims become probable and the costs can be reasonably estimated. The Company may still incur legal costs for a matter even if a reserve has not been established. In addition, the actual cost of resolving a legal claim may be substantially higher than any amounts reserved for that matter. The ultimate resolution of a pending or future legal proceeding, depending on the remedy sought and granted, could materially adversely affect results of operations and financial condition.

Acquisitions may not produce revenue enhancements or cost savings at levels or within timeframes originally anticipated and may result in unforeseen integration difficulties.

The Company regularly explores opportunities to acquire banks, financial institutions, or other financial services businesses or assets. The Company cannot predict the number, size or timing of acquisitions. Difficulty in integrating an acquired business or company may cause the Company not to realize expected revenue increases, cost savings, increases in geographic or product presence, and/or other projected benefits from the acquisition. The integration could result in higher than expected deposit attrition (run-off), loss of key employees, disruption of the Company’s business or the business of the acquired company, or otherwise adversely affect the Company’s ability to maintain relationships with customers and employees or achieve the anticipated benefits of the acquisition. Also, the negative effect of any divestitures required by regulatory authorities in acquisitions or business combinations may be greater than expected. The Company may also issue equity securities in connection with acquisitions, which could cause ownership and economic dilution to current shareholders.

The Company may sell capital stock in the future to raise additional capital or for additional liquidity. Future sales or other dilution of equity may adversely affect the market price of the Company’s common shares.

The issuance of additional common shares or securities convertible into common shares would dilute the ownership interest of the Company’s existing common shareholders. The market price of the Company’s common shares could decline as a result of such an offering as well as other sales of a large block of shares of common shares or similar securities in the market after such an offering, or the perception that such sales could occur. The Company’s common shares have traded from time-to-time at a price below book value per share. A sale of common shares at or below book value would be dilutive to current shareholders. The sale of shares at a price below market value could negatively impact the market price of the Company’s common shares.

FDIC deposit insurance premiums and assessments can impact non-interest expense.

The Bank’s deposits are insured by the FDIC up to legal limits and, accordingly, the Bank is subject to FDIC deposit insurance premiums and assessments. FDIC assessments for deposit insurance are based on the average total consolidated assets of the insured institution during the assessment period, less the average tangible equity of the institution during the assessment period. Any increase in assessment rates may adversely affect the Bank’s business, financial condition or results of operations.

The Bank faces strong competition from other financial institutions and financial service companies, which could adversely affect the results of operations and financial condition.

The Bank competes with other financial institutions in attracting deposits and making loans. The competition in attracting deposits comes principally from other commercial banks, credit unions, savings and loan associations, securities brokerage firms, insurance companies, money market funds, and other mutual funds. The competition in making loans comes principally from other commercial banks, credit unions, savings and loan associations, mortgage banking firms, and consumer finance companies. In addition, competition for business in the Louisville and Lexington metropolitan areas has grown in recent years as changes in banking law have allowed banks to enter those markets by establishing new branches.

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Competition in the banking industry may also limit the ability to attract and retain banking clients. We maintain smaller staffs of associates and have fewer financial and other resources than larger institutions with which we compete. Financial institutions that have far greater resources and greater efficiencies than we do may have several marketplace advantages resulting from their ability to:

● offer higher interest rates on deposits and lower interest rates on loans than we can;

● offer a broader range of services than we do;

● maintain more branch locations than we do; and

● mount extensive promotional and advertising campaigns.

In addition, banks and other financial institutions with larger capitalization and other financial intermediaries may not be subject to the same regulatory restrictions and may have larger lending limits. Some of our current commercial banking clients may seek alternative banking sources as they develop needs for credit facilities larger than we can accommodate. If we are unable to attract and retain customers, we may not be able to maintain growth and the results of operations and financial condition may otherwise be negatively impacted.

The Company depends on our senior management team, and the unexpected loss of one or more of the senior executives could impair relationships with customers and adversely affect business and financial results.

Future success significantly depends on the continued services and performance of key management personnel. Future performance will depend on the ability to motivate and retain these and other key officers. The Dodd-Frank Act, and the policies of bank regulatory agencies have placed restrictions on executive compensation practices. Such restrictions and standards may further impact the ability to compete for talent with other businesses that are not subject to the same limitations. The loss of the services of members of senior management or other key officers or the inability to attract additional qualified personnel as needed could materially harm our business.

Reported financial results depend on management’s selection of accounting methods and certain assumptions and estimates.

Accounting policies and assumptions are fundamental to the reported financial condition and results of operations. Management must exercise judgment in selecting and applying many of these accounting policies and methods so they comply with generally accepted accounting principles and reflect management’s judgment of the most appropriate manner in which to report the financial condition and results. In some cases, management must select the accounting policy or method to apply from two or more alternatives, any of which may be reasonable under the circumstances, yet may result in reporting materially different results than would have been reported under a different alternative.

Certain accounting policies are critical to presenting reported financial condition and results. They require management to make difficult, subjective or complex judgments about matters that are uncertain. Materially different amounts could be reported under different conditions or using different assumptions or estimates. These critical accounting policies include the valuation of securities, allowance for loan losses, valuation of OREO and valuation of net deferred income tax asset. Because of the uncertainty of estimates involved in these matters, we may be required, among other things, to significantly increase the allowance for credit losses, sustain credit losses that are higher than the reserve provided, recognize impairment on OREO, or permanently impair deferred tax assets.

While management continually monitors and improves the system of internal controls, data processing systems, and corporate wide processes and procedures, the Company may suffer losses from operational risk in the future.

Management maintains internal operational controls, and has invested in technology to help process large volumes of transactions. However, we may not be able to continue processing at the same or higher levels of transactions. If systems of internal controls should fail to work as expected, if systems were to be used in an unauthorized manner, or if employees were to subvert the system of internal controls, significant losses could occur.

We process large volumes of transactions on a daily basis and are exposed to numerous types of operational risk, which could cause us to incur substantial losses. Operational risk resulting from inadequate or failed internal processes, people, and systems includes the risk of fraud by employees or persons outside of the company, the execution of unauthorized transactions by employees, errors relating to transaction processing and systems, and breaches of the internal control system and compliance requirements. This risk of loss also includes potential legal actions that could arise as a result of the operational deficiency or as a result of noncompliance with applicable regulatory standards.

We establish and maintain systems of internal operational controls that provide management with timely and accurate information about our level of operational risk. While not foolproof, these systems have been designed to manage operational risk at appropriate, cost effective levels. We have also established procedures that are designed to ensure policies relating to conduct, ethics and business practices are followed. Nevertheless, we experience loss from operational risk from time to time, including the effects of operational errors, and these losses may be substantial.

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Information systems may experience an interruption or security breach.

Failure in or breach of operational or security systems or infrastructure, or those of third party vendors and other service providers, including as a result of cyber attacks, could disrupt the Bank’s businesses, result in the disclosure or misuse of confidential or proprietary information, damage its reputation, increase costs and cause losses. As a financial institution, the Bank depends on its ability to process, record and monitor a large number of customer transactions on a continuous basis. As customer, public and regulatory expectations regarding operational and information security have increased, operational systems and infrastructure must continue to be safeguarded and monitored for potential failures, disruptions, and breakdowns. Business, financial, accounting, data processing systems or other operating systems and facilities may stop operating properly or become disabled or damaged as a result of a number of factors including events that are wholly or partially beyond our control. For example, there could be sudden increases in customer transaction volume, electrical or telecommunications outages, natural disasters such as earthquakes, tornadoes, and hurricanes; disease pandemics, events arising from local or larger scale political or social matters, including terrorist acts, and, as described below, cyber attacks. Although we have business continuity plans and other safeguards in place, our business operations may be adversely affected by significant and widespread disruption to our physical infrastructure or operating systems that support our businesses and customers.

Information security risks for financial institutions have generally increased in recent years in part because of the proliferation of new technologies, the use of the Internet and telecommunications technologies to conduct financial transactions, and the increased sophistication and activities of organized crime, hackers, terrorists, activists, and other external parties. As noted above, our operations rely on the secure processing, transmission and storage of confidential information in our computer systems and networks. In addition, to access our products and services, our customers may use personal smartphones, tablet PC’s, and other mobile devices that are beyond our control systems. Although we believe we have appropriate information security procedures and controls, our technologies, systems, networks, and our customers’ devices may become the target of cyber attacks or information security breaches. These events could result in the unauthorized release, gathering, monitoring, misuse, loss or destruction of our customers’ confidential, proprietary and other information or that of its customers, or otherwise disrupt the business operations of the Bank, its customers or other third parties.

Third parties with which the Bank does business or that facilitate our business activities, could also be sources of operational and information security risk to the Bank, including from breakdowns or failures of their own systems or capacity constraints. Although to date we have not experienced any material losses relating to cyber attacks or other information security breaches, we can give no assurance that we will not suffer such losses in the future. Risk and exposure to these matters remains heightened because of, among other things, the evolving nature of these threats and the prevalence of Internet and mobile banking. As cyber threats continue to evolve, we may be required to expend significant additional resources to continue to modify or enhance our protective measures or to investigate and remediate any information security vulnerabilities. Disruptions or failures in the physical infrastructure or operating systems that support our businesses and customers, or cyber attacks or security breaches of the networks, systems or devices that the Bank’s customers use to access our products and services could result in customer attrition, regulatory fines, penalties or intervention, reputational damage, reimbursement or other compensation costs, and/or additional compliance costs, any of which could materially adversely affect our business, results of operations or financial condition.

The Company operates in a highly regulated environment and, as a result, is subject to extensive regulation and supervision that could adversely affect financial performance and ability to implement growth and operating strategies.

The Company is subject to examination, supervision and comprehensive regulation by federal and state regulatory agencies, as described under “Item 1 – Business-Supervision and Regulation.” Regulatory oversight of banks is primarily intended to protect depositors, the federal deposit insurance funds, and the banking system as a whole, and not shareholders. Compliance with these regulations is costly and may make it more difficult to operate profitably.

Federal and state banking laws and regulations govern numerous matters including the payment of dividends, the acquisition of other banks, and the establishment of new banking offices. We must also meet specific regulatory capital requirements. Failure to comply with these laws, regulations, and policies or to maintain required capital could affect the ability to pay dividends on common shares, the ability to grow through the development of new offices, make acquisitions, and remain independent. These limitations may prevent us from successfully implementing growth and operating strategies.

15

In addition, the laws and regulations applicable to banks could change at any time, which could significantly impact our business and profitability. For example, new legislation or regulation could limit the manner in which we may conduct our business, including our ability to attract deposits and make loans. Events that may not have a direct impact on us, such as the bankruptcy or insolvency of a prominent U.S. corporation, can cause legislators and banking regulators and other agencies such as the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, the SEC, the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board and various taxing authorities to respond by adopting and or proposing substantive revisions to laws, regulations, rules, standards, policies, and interpretations. The nature, extent, and timing of the adoption of significant new laws and regulations, or changes in or repeal of existing laws and regulations may have a material impact on our business and results of operations. Changes in regulation may cause us to devote substantial additional financial resources and management time to compliance, which may negatively affect operating results.

Changes in banking laws could have a material adverse effect.

The Bank is subject to changes in federal and state laws as well as changes in banking and credit regulations, and governmental economic and monetary policies. Management cannot predict whether any of these changes could adversely and materially affect us. The current regulatory environment for financial institutions entails significant potential increases in compliance requirements and associated costs. Federal and state banking regulators also possess broad powers to take supervisory actions as they deem appropriate. These supervisory actions may result in higher capital requirements, higher insurance premiums and limitations on our activities that could have a material adverse effect on our business and profitability.

16

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments

Not applicable.

Item 2. Properties

The Bank operates 15 banking offices in Kentucky. The following table shows the location, square footage and ownership of each property. Management believes that each of these locations is adequately insured. Support operations are located at the main office in Louisville and in Glasgow.

Markets	Square Footage		Owned/Leased
Louisville/Jefferson, Bullitt and Henry Counties
Main Office: 2500 Eastpoint Parkway, Louisville		30,000	Owned
Eminence Office: 646 Elm Street, Eminence		1,500	Owned
Hillview Office: 6890 North Preston Highway, Hillview		3,500	Owned
Pleasureville Office: 5440 Castle Highway, Pleasureville		10,000	Owned
Conestoga Office: 155 Conestoga Parkway, Shepherdsville		3,900	Owned
Lexington/Fayette County
Lexington Office: 2424 Harrodsburg Road, Suite 100, Lexington		8,500	Leased
South Central Kentucky
Brownsville Office: 113 East Main Cross Street, Brownsville		8,500	Owned
Greensburg Office: 202 North Main Street, Greensburg		11,000	Owned
Horse Cave Office: 201 East Main Street, Horse Cave		5,000	Owned
Morgantown Office: 112 West G.L. Smith Street, Morgantown		7,500	Owned
Munfordville Office: 949 South Dixie Highway, Munfordville		9,000	Owned
Beaver Dam Office: 1300 North Main Street, Beaver Dam		3,200	Owned
Owensboro/Daviess County
Owensboro Office: 1819 Frederica Street, Owensboro		3,000	Owned
Southern Kentucky
Campbell Lane Office: 751 Campbell Lane, Bowling Green		7,500	Owned
Glasgow Office: 1006 West Main Street, Glasgow		12,000	Owned
Other Properties - Held for Sale
Office Building: 701 Columbia Avenue, Glasgow		20,000	Owned

Item 3. Legal Proceedings

In the normal course of business, the Company and its subsidiaries have been named, from time to time, as defendants in various legal actions. Certain of the actual or threatened legal actions may include claims for substantial compensatory and/or punitive damages or claims for indeterminate amount of damages. Litigation is subject to inherent uncertainties and unfavorable outcomes could occur.

The Company contests liability and/or the amount of damages as appropriate in each pending matter. In view of the inherent difficulty of predicting the outcome of such matters, particularly in cases where claimants seek substantial or indeterminate damages or where investigations and proceedings are in the early stages, the Company cannot predict with certainty the loss or range of loss, if any, related to such matters, how or if such matters will be resolved, when they will ultimately be resolved, or what the eventual settlement, or other relief, if any, might be. Subject to the foregoing, the Company believes, based on current knowledge and after consultation with counsel, that the outcome of such pending matters will not have a material adverse effect on the consolidated financial condition of the Company, although the outcome of such matters could be material to the Company’s operating results and cash flows for a particular future period, depending on, among other things, the level of the Company’s revenues or income for such period. The Company will accrue for a loss contingency if (1) it is probable that a future event will occur and confirm the loss and (2) the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated.

The Company is not currently involved in any material litigation.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosure

Not applicable.

17

PART II

Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Market Information

The Company’s common shares are traded on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the ticker symbol “LMST”.

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As of February 27, 2019, our common shares were held by approximately 1,506 shareholders, including 327 shareholders of record and approximately 1,179 beneficial owners whose shares are held in “street” name by securities broker-dealers or other nominees, and our non-voting common shares were held by two holders.

Dividends 

As a bank holding company, the Company’s ability to declare and pay dividends depends on various federal regulatory considerations, including the guidelines of the Federal Reserve regarding capital adequacy and dividends.

The principal source of revenue with which to pay dividends on common shares are dividends the Bank may declare and pay out of funds legally available for payment of dividends. Currently, the Bank must obtain the prior written consent of its primary regulators prior to declaring or paying any dividends until retained earnings are positive. A Kentucky chartered bank may declare a dividend of an amount of the bank’s net profits as the board deems appropriate. The approval of the KDFI is required if the total of all dividends declared by a bank in any calendar year exceeds the total of its net profits for that year combined with its retained net profits for the preceding two years, less any required transfers to surplus or a fund for the retirement of preferred stock or debt.

Purchase of Equity Securities by Issuer

During the fourth quarter of 2018, the Company did not repurchase any of its common shares, which is its only registered class of equity securities.

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Equity Compensation Plan Information

The following table provides information about our equity compensation plans as of December 31, 2018:

Plan category	Number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options, warrants and rights		Weighted-average exercise price of outstanding options, warrants and rights		Number of securities remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation plans (excluding securities reflected in column 1)
Equity compensation plans approved by shareholders		—		—		322,144
Equity compensation plans not approved by shareholders		—		—		—
Total		—		—		322,144

At December 31, 2108, 322,144 common shares remain available for issuance under the Company’s 2018 Omnibus Equity Compensation Plan.

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Item 6. Selected Financial Data

The following table summarizes the Company’s selected historical consolidated financial data from 2014 to 2018. You should read this information in conjunction with Item 7. “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and Item 8. “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.”

Selected Consolidated Financial Data 

	As of and for the Years Ended December 31,
(Dollars in thousands except per share data)	2018			2017			2016			2015			2014
Income Statement Data:
Interest income	$	43,461		$	37,522		$	35,602		$	36,574		$	39,513
Interest expense		9,790			6,405			5,981			7,023			9,795
Net interest income		33,671			31,117			29,621			29,551			29,718
Provision (negative provision) for loan losses		(500	)		(800	)		(2,450	)		(4,500	)		7,100
Non-interest income		5,779			5,404			5,218			7,695			4,079
Non-interest expense		29,126			30,767			40,021			44,959			39,435
Income (loss) before income taxes		10,824			6,554			(2,732	)		(3,213	)		(12,738	)
Income tax expense (benefit)		2,030			(31,899	)		21			—			(1,583	)
Net income (loss)		8,794			38,453			(2,753	)		(3,213	)		(11,155	)
Less:
Dividends and accretion on preferred stock		—			—			—			—			2,362
Effect of exchange of preferred stock for common stock		—			—			—			—			(36,104	)
Earnings (loss) allocated to participating securities		144			967			(88	)		(336	)		3,159
Net income (loss) attributable to common	$	8,650		$	37,486		$	(2,665	)	$	(2,877	)	$	19,428
Common Share Data: (1)
Basic earnings (loss) per common share	$	1.23		$	6.15		$	(0.46	)	$	(0.62	)	$	7.94
Diluted earnings (loss) per common share		1.23			6.15			(0.46	)		(0.62	)		7.94
Cash dividends declared per common share		—			—			—			—			—
Book value per common share (2)		12.34			11.17			4.81			5.43			8.37
Tangible book value per common share (2)		12.34			11.17			4.79			5.33			8.05
Balance Sheet Data (at period end):
Total assets	$	1,069,692		$	970,801		$	945,177		$	948,722		$	1,017,989
Debt obligations:
FHLB advances		46,549			11,797			22,458			3,081			15,752
Junior subordinated debentures		21,000			21,000			21,000			21,000			25,000
Subordinated capital note		—			2,250			3,150			4,050			4,950
Senior debt		10,000			10,000			—			—			—
Average Balance Data:
Average assets	$	1,026,310		$	947,961		$	929,140		$	984,419		$	1,049,232
Average loans		743,352			667,474			621,275			635,948			662,442
Average deposits		860,825			864,278			852,717			907,785			961,671
Average FHLB advances		43,363			9,184			2,967			3,473			4,473
Average junior subordinated debentures		21,000			21,000			21,000			23,981			25,000
Average subordinated capital note		1,791			2,805			3,708			4,608			5,508
Average senior debt		10,000			5,068			—			—			—
Average stockholders’ equity		84,860			37,851			39,423			33,083			33,881

(1) On December 16, 2016, the Company completed a 1-for-5 reverse stock split of its issued and outstanding common and non-voting common shares. As a result of the reverse stock split, all share and per share data has been adjusted in the accompanying tables. Preferred shares were not impacted by the 1-for-5 reverse stock split.

(2) After shareholder approval on February 25, 2015, the two series of mandatorily convertible preferred shares converted into a total of 810,720 common shares and 1,291,600 non-voting common shares. 

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Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation

Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations analyzes the consolidated financial condition and results of operations of Limestone Bancorp, Inc. (the “Company”) and its wholly owned subsidiary, Limestone Bank, Inc. (the “Bank”). The Company is a Louisville, Kentucky-based bank holding company that operates banking offices in twelve Kentucky counties. Our markets include metropolitan Louisville in Jefferson County and the surrounding counties of Henry and Bullitt. The Bank serves south central Kentucky and southern Kentucky from banking offices in Butler, Green, Hart, Edmonson, Barren, Warren, Ohio, and Daviess Counties. The Bank also has an office in Lexington, the second largest city in Kentucky. The Bank is a community bank with a wide range of commercial and personal banking products.

Historically, the Bank has focused on commercial and commercial real estate lending, both in markets where we have banking offices and other growing markets in our region. Commercial, commercial real estate and real estate construction loans accounted for 60.9% of our total loan portfolio as of December 31, 2018, and 58.4% as of December 31, 2017. Commercial lending generally produces higher yields than residential lending, but involves greater risk and requires more rigorous underwriting standards and credit quality monitoring.

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes and other schedules presented elsewhere in the report.

Overview

Net income before taxes was $10.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2018 compared to $6.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2017. Income tax expense was $2.0 million for 2018 and income tax benefit was $31.9 million for 2017 due to the reversal of the Company’s deferred tax asset valuation allowance and the change in federal corporate tax rates in connection with the enactment of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017.

For the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company reported net income of $8.8 million compared with net income of $38.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 and a net loss of $2.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2016. After allocating earnings to participating securities, net income attributable to common shareholders was $8.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2018, compared with net income attributable to common shareholders of $37.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2017, and a net loss attributable to common shareholders of $2.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2016. Basic and diluted income per common share were $1.23 for the year ended December 31, 2018, compared with net income per common share of $6.15 for 2017, and net loss per common share of ($0.46) for 2016.

The following significant items are of note for the year ended December 31, 2018:

● Average loans receivable increased approximately $75.9 million or 11.4% to $743.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2018, compared with $667.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2017. Loan interest income benefited with an increase in interest revenue volume of approximately $3.8 million and interest rate increases of $1.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2018, compared with the year ended December 31, 2017.

● Net interest margin increased five basis points to 3.53% for the year ended 2018 compared with 3.48% in the year ended December 31, 2017. The increase in margin between periods was primarily due to an increase in the rate of interest earned on interest earning assets from 4.18% in 2017 to 4.55% in 2018, which was partially offset by an increase in the cost of interest bearing liabilities from 0.83% to 1.23%.  

● Improving trends in asset quality continued. The Company recorded negative provision for loan losses expense of $500,000 in 2018, compared to a negative provision for loan losses expense of $800,000 for 2017. The negative provision was attributable to net loan recoveries, declining historical loss rates, improvements in loan quality, and management’s assessment of risk in the loan portfolio. Net loan recoveries were $1.2 million for 2018, compared to net loan recoveries of $35,000 for 2017 and net loan charge-offs of $624,000 for 2016.

● Nonaccrual loans decreased $3.5 million to $2.0 million at December 31, 2018, compared with $5.5 million at December 31, 2017. The decrease in nonaccrual loans was primarily due to $3.6 million in paydowns, $293,000 in charge-offs, $77,000 in loans returned to accrual status, and $730,000 in transfers to OREO, offset by $1.2 million in loans placed on non-accrual.

● The ratio of non-performing assets to total assets decreased to 0.60% at December 31, 2018, compared with 1.14% at December 31, 2017, and 1.70% at December 31, 2016.

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● Deposits were $894.2 million at December 31, 2018, compared with $847.0 million at December 31, 2017. Non-interest bearing demand deposits increased $5.2 million or 3.8% during 2018 to $142.6 million compared with $137.4 million at December 31, 2017. Money market accounts increased $20.5 million or 13.6% during 2018 to $171.9 million compared with $151.4 million at December 31, 2017. Certificate of deposit balances increased $26.7 million during 2018 to $450.9 million at December 31, 2018, from $424.2 million at December 31, 2017.

● The Company completed a private placement of common stock on March 30, 2018. In the transaction, the Company issued 150,000 common shares and 1.0 million non-voting common shares to Patriot Financial Partners III, L.P. at $13.00 per share resulting in net proceeds of $14.9 million of which $5.0 million was contributed as capital to the Bank. The balance of proceeds was maintained by the Company for general corporate purposes and to support the growth of the Bank.

● On June 26, 2018, the Company completed the purchase and retirement of all of its issued and outstanding Series E and Series F Non-Voting Perpetual Preferred Shares for an aggregate price of $3.5 million paid in cash.  The Series E and Series F Shares had an aggregate liquidation preference of $10.5 million.

These items are discussed in further detail throughout this Item 7.

Application of Critical Accounting Policies

The Company’s accounting and reporting policies comply with GAAP and conform to general practices within the banking industry. Management believes the following significant accounting policies may involve a higher degree of management assumptions and judgments that could result in materially different amounts to be reported if conditions or underlying circumstances were to change.

Allowance for Loan Losses – The Bank maintains an allowance for loan losses believed to be sufficient to absorb probable incurred credit losses existing in the loan portfolio. The Board of Directors evaluates the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses on a quarterly basis. Management evaluates the adequacy of the allowance using, among other things, historical loan loss experience, known and inherent risks in the portfolio, adverse situations that may affect the borrower’s ability to repay, estimated value of the underlying collateral and current economic conditions and trends. The allowance may be allocated for specific loans or loan categories, but the entire allowance is available for any loan. The allowance consists of specific and general components. The specific component relates to loans that are individually evaluated and measured for impairment. The general component is based on historical loss experience adjusted for qualitative environmental factors. Management develops allowance estimates based on actual loss experience adjusted for current economic conditions and trends. Allowance estimates are a prudent measurement of the risk in the loan portfolio applied to individual loans based on loan type. If the mix and amount of future charge-off percentages differ significantly from the assumptions used by management in making its determination, management may be required to materially increase its allowance for loan losses and provision for loan losses, which could adversely affect results.

Other Real Estate Owned – OREO is real estate acquired as a result of foreclosure or by deed in lieu of foreclosure. It is classified as real estate owned until such time as it is sold. OREO is recorded at its fair market value less estimated cost to sell. Any write-down of the property at the time of acquisition is charged to the allowance for loan losses. Costs incurred in order to perfect the lien prior to foreclosure may be capitalized if the fair value less the cost to sell exceeds the balance of the loan at the time of transfer to OREO. Examples of eligible costs to be capitalized are payments of delinquent property taxes to clear tax liens or payments to contractors and subcontractors to clear mechanics’ liens. Fair value of OREO is determined on an individual property basis. To determine the fair value of OREO for smaller dollar single family homes, management consults with staff from the Bank’s special assets group as well as external realtors and appraisers. If the internally evaluated market price is below the underlying investment in the property, appropriate write-downs are taken. For larger dollar residential and commercial real estate properties, management obtains a new appraisal of the subject property or has staff from our special assets group evaluate the latest in-file appraisal in connection with the transfer to OREO. Management generally obtains updated appraisals within five quarters of the anniversary date of ownership unless a sale is imminent. When an asking price is lowered below the most recent appraised value, appropriate write-downs are taken. 

Income Taxes – Income tax liabilities or assets are established for the amount of taxes payable or refundable for the current year. Deferred tax liabilities (“DTLs”) and assets (“DTAs”) are also established for the future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in the Company’s financial statements or tax returns. A DTL or DTA is recognized for the estimated future tax effects attributable to temporary differences and deductions that can be carried forward (used) in future years. The valuation of current and deferred income tax liabilities and assets is considered critical, as it requires management to make estimates based on provisions of the enacted tax laws. The assessment of tax liabilities and assets involves the use of estimates, assumptions, interpretations and judgments concerning certain accounting pronouncements and federal and state tax codes.

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There can be no assurance that future events, such as court decisions or positions of federal and state taxing authorities, will not differ from management’s current assessment, the impact of which could be significant to the consolidated results of operations and reported earnings. The Company believes its tax assets and liabilities are adequate and are properly recorded in the consolidated financial statements at December 31, 2018 and 2017.

Results of Operations 

The following table summarizes components of income and expense and the change in those components for 2018 compared with 2017:

	For the Years Ended December 31,						Change from Prior Period
	2018			2017			Amount			Percent
	(dollars in thousands)
Gross interest income	$	43,461		$	37,522		$	5,939			15.8	%
Gross interest expense		9,790			6,405			3,385			52.8
Net interest income		33,671			31,117			2,554			8.2
Provision (negative provision) for loan losses		(500	)		(800	)		300			37.5
Non-interest income		5,785			5,116			669			13.1
Gains on sale of securities, net		(6	)		288			(294	)		(102.1	)
Non-interest expense		29,126			30,767			(1,641	)		(5.3	)
Net income before taxes		10,824			6,554			4,270			65.2
Income tax expense (benefit)		2,030			(31,899	)		33,929			NM
Net income		8,794			38,453			(29,659	)		NM

NM: Not Meaningful

Net income of $8.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2018 decreased by $29.7 million from net income of $38.5 million for 2017. Net income for 2017 was impacted by the reversal of the Company’s deferred tax asset valuation allowance and the change in federal corporate tax rates in connection with the enactment of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017. This resulted in an income tax benefit of $31.9 million for 2017. During 2018, improving trends in non-performing loans, past due loans, and loan risk categories continued. A negative provision for loan losses expense of $500,000 was recorded during 2018, compared to $800,000 negative provision for loan losses expense for 2017. Non-interest income increased $669,000 during 2018. There was an increase of $310,000 in bank card interchange fees, $232,000 in other non-interest income, and $102,000 in service charges on deposit accounts. Non-interest expense decreased $1.6 million during 2018 due primarily to decreases in OREO expense of $1.1 million and FDIC insurance of $855,000 offset by an increase in salaries and employee benefits of $399,000.

The following table summarizes components of income and expense and the change in those components for 2017 compared with 2016:

	For the Years Ended December 31,						Change from Prior Period
	2017			2016			Amount			Percent
	(dollars in thousands)
Gross interest income	$	37,522		$	35,602		$	1,920			5.4	%
Gross interest expense		6,405			5,981			424			7.1
Net interest income		31,117			29,621			1,496			5.1
Provision (negative provision) for loan losses		(800	)		(2,450	)		1,650			67.3
Non-interest income		5,116			5,002			114			2.3
Gains on sale of securities, net		288			216			72			33.3
Non-interest expense		30,767			40,021			(9,254	)		(23.1	)
Net income (loss) before taxes		6,554			(2,732	)		9,286			339.9
Income tax expense (benefit)		(31,899	)		21			(31,920	)		NM
Net income (loss)		38,453			(2,753	)		41,206			NM

NM: Not Meaningful

24

Net income of $38.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 increased by $41.2 million from a net loss of $2.8 million for 2016. During the period, improving trends in non-performing loans, past due loans, and loan risk categories continued. In addition, net income for 2017 was impacted by the reversal of the Company’s deferred tax asset valuation allowance and the change in federal corporate tax rates in connection with the enactment of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017. The net result of these two items, as well as income tax expense for the year, was an income tax benefit of $31.9 million for 2017. A negative provision for loan losses expense of $800,000 was recorded during 2017, compared to $2.5 million negative provision for loan losses expense for 2016. Non-interest income increased $114,000 during 2017. There was an increase of $295,000 in service charges on deposit accounts, $218,000 in bank card interchange fees, and $62,000 in other non-interest income which was offset by no OREO income during 2017, compared to $456,000 during 2016. Non-interest expense decreased $9.3 million during 2017 due primarily to a decrease in litigation and loan collection expense of $8.6 million as 2016 was negatively impacted by a ruling from the Kentucky Court of Appeals against the Bank that approximated $8.0 million. After consideration of earnings attributable to participating securities, net income attributable to common shareholders was $37.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2017, as compared to net loss attributable to common shareholders of $2.7 million for 2016.

Net Interest Income – Net interest income was $33.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2018, an increase of $2.6 million, or 8.2%, compared with $31.1 million for the same period in 2017. Net interest spread and margin were 3.32% and 3.53%, respectively, for 2018, compared with 3.35% and 3.48%, respectively, for 2017. Average nonaccrual loans were $3.5 million and $7.1 million in 2018 and 2017, respectively.

Average interest-earning assets were $957.5 million for 2018, compared with $904.1 million for 2017, a 5.9% increase, primarily attributable to higher average loans, partially offset by a decrease in average investment securities. Average loans were $743.4 million for 2018, compared with $667.5 million for 2017, an 11.4% increase. Average investment securities were $178.9 million for 2018, compared with $193.1 million for 2017, a 7.3% decrease. Average interest bearing deposits with financial institutions and fed funds sold were $27.9 million in 2018, compared with $36.2 million in 2017, a 22.8% decrease. Total interest income increased 15.8% to $43.5 million for 2018, compared with $37.5 million for 2017.

Average interest-bearing liabilities increased by 3.3% to $799.0 million for 2018, compared with $773.2 million for 2017. Total interest expense increased by 52.8% to $9.8 million for 2018, compared with $6.4 million during 2017, due primarily to increases in rates paid on certificates of deposits and other time deposits as well as increases in average balances of FHLB advances in 2018 compared to 2017. Average volume of certificates of deposit decreased 2.8% to $439.6 million for 2018, compared with $452.4 million for 2017. The average interest rate paid on certificates of deposit increased to 1.35% for 2018, compared with 0.93% for 2017. Average volume of interest checking and money market deposit accounts increased 0.9% to $249.4 million for 2018, compared with $247.3 million for 2017. The average interest rate paid on interest checking and money market deposit accounts increased to 0.62% for 2018, compared with 0.38% for 2017. Both the yield on earning assets and cost of interest-bearing liabilities were impacted by increases in short-term interest rates during 2017 and 2018.

Net interest income was $31.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2017, an increase of $1.5 million, or 5.1%, compared with $29.6 million for the same period in 2016. Net interest spread and margin were 3.35% and 3.48%, respectively, for 2017, compared with 3.32% and 3.42%, respectively, for 2016. Average nonaccrual loans were $7.1 million and $11.4 million in 2017 and 2016, respectively.

Average interest-earning assets were $904.1 million for 2017, compared with $875.3 million for 2016, a 3.3% increase, primarily attributable to higher average loans and investment securities, partially offset by a decrease in interest bearing deposits with financial institutions. Average loans were $667.5 million for 2017, compared with $621.3 million for 2016, a 7.4% increase. Average investment securities were $193.1 million for 2017, compared with $183.7 million for 2016, a 5.1% increase. Average interest bearing deposits with financial institutions and fed funds sold were $36.2 million in 2017, compared with $62.9 million in 2016, a 42.4% decrease. Total interest income increased 5.4% to $37.5 million for 2017, compared with $35.6 million for 2016.

Average interest-bearing liabilities increased by 1.7% to $773.2 million for 2017, compared with $760.7 million for 2016. Total interest expense increased by 7.1% to $6.4 million for 2017, compared with $6.0 million during 2016, due primarily to the completion of a $10.0 million senior debt transaction during 2017 as well as an increase in FHLB advances outstanding during 2017. Average volume of certificates of deposit decreased 2.9% to $452.4 million for 2017, compared with $466.0 million for 2016. The average interest rate paid on certificates of deposit increased to 0.93% for 2017, compared with 0.88% for 2016. Average volume of interest checking and money market deposit accounts increased 6.2% to $247.3 million for 2017, compared with $232.7 million for 2016. The average interest rate paid on interest checking and money market deposit accounts decreased to 0.38% for 2017, compared with 0.40% for 2016.

25

Average Balance Sheets

The following table sets forth the average daily balances, the interest earned or paid on such amounts, and the weighted average yield on interest-earning assets and weighted average cost of interest-bearing liabilities for the periods indicated. Dividing income or expense by the average daily balance of assets or liabilities, respectively, derives such yields and costs for the periods presented.

	For the Years Ended December 31,
	2018								2017
	Average Balance			Interest Earned/Paid		Average Yield/Cost			Average Balance			Interest Earned/Paid		Average Yield/Cost
	(dollars in thousands)
ASSETS
Interest-earning assets:
Loans receivables (1)(2)
Real estate	$	548,877		$	27,296		4.97	%	$	509,133		$	24,544		4.82	%
Commercial		123,044			5,934		4.82			107,188			4,403		4.11
Consumer		32,049			1,765		5.51			10,790			843		7.81
Agriculture		38,796			2,334		6.02			39,839			2,047		5.14
Other		586			13		2.22			524			29		5.53
U.S. Treasury and agencies		23,732			549		2.31			31,440			694		2.21
Mortgage-backed securities		81,771			2,142		2.62			94,451			2,240		2.37
Collateralized loan obligations		32,163			1,177		3.66			20,242			541		2.67
State and political subdivision securities (non-taxable) (3)		14,189			383		3.42			19,617			571		4.48
State and political subdivision securities (taxable)		18,890			570		3.02			23,689			757		3.20
Corporate bonds		8,162			442		5.42			3,651			167		4.57
FHLB stock		7,280			429		5.89			7,323			366		5.00
Federal funds sold		1,152			22		1.91			960			10		1.04
Interest-bearing deposits in other financial institutions		26,763			405		1.51			35,222			310		0.88
Total interest-earning assets		957,454			43,461		4.55	%		904,069			37,522		4.18	%
Less: Allowance for loan losses		(8,692	)							(8,961	)
Non-interest-earning assets		77,548								52,853
Total assets	$	1,026,310							$	947,961
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Interest-bearing liabilities
Certificates of deposit and other time deposits	$	439,597		$	5,949		1.35	%	$	452,443		$	4,191		0.93	%
Interest checking and money market deposits		249,415			1,543		0.62			247,261			940		0.38
Savings accounts		34,866			57		0.16			35,486			59		0.17
FHLB advances		43,363			867		2.00			9,184			120		1.31
Junior subordinated debentures and subordinated capital note		21,791			985		4.52			23,805			901		3.78
Senior debt		10,000			389		3.89			5,068			194		3.83
Total interest-bearing liabilities		799,032			9,790		1.23	%		773,247			6,405		0.83	%
Non-interest-bearing liabilities
Non-interest-bearing deposits		136,947								129,088
Other liabilities		5,471								7,775
Total liabilities		941,450								910,110
Stockholders’ equity		84,860								37,851
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	1,026,310							$	947,961
Net interest income				$	33,671							$	31,117
Net interest spread							3.32	%							3.35	%
Net interest margin							3.53	%							3.48	%
Ratio of average interest-earning assets to average interest-bearing liabilities							119.83	%							116.92	%

(1) Includes loan fees in both interest income and the calculation of yield on loans.

(2) Calculations include non-accruing loans of $3.5 million and $7.1 million in average loan amounts outstanding.

(3) Taxable equivalent yields are calculated assuming a 21% and 35% federal income tax rate for 2018 and 2017, respectively.

26

	For the Years Ended December 31,
	2017								2016
	Average Balance			Interest Earned/Paid		Average Yield/Cost			Average Balance			Interest Earned/Paid		Average Yield/Cost
	(dollars in thousands)
ASSETS
Interest-earning assets:
Loans receivables (1)(2)
Real estate	$	509,133		$	24,544		4.82	%	$	493,068		$	24,486		4.97	%
Commercial		107,188			4,403		4.11			81,110			3,471		4.28
Consumer		10,790			843		7.81			9,818			826		8.41
Agriculture		39,839			2,047		5.14			36,811			1,733		4.71
Other		524			29		5.53			468			21		4.49
U.S. Treasury and agencies		31,440			694		2.21			34,049			757		2.22
Mortgage-backed securities		94,451			2,240		2.37			101,249			2,240		2.21
Collateralized loan obligations		20,242			541		2.67			802			28		3.49
State and political subdivision securities (non-taxable) (3)		19,617			571		4.48			21,041			620		4.53
State and political subdivision securities (taxable)		23,689			757		3.20			23,921			768		3.21
Corporate bonds		3,651			167		4.57			2,656			93		3.50
FHLB stock		7,323			366		5.00			7,323			293		4.00
Federal funds sold		960			10		1.04			639			3		0.47
Interest-bearing deposits in other financial institutions		35,222			310		0.88			62,307			263		0.42
Total interest-earning assets		904,069			37,522		4.18	%		875,262			35,602		4.11	%
Less: Allowance for loan losses		(8,961	)							(10,719	)
Non-interest-earning assets		52,853								64,597
Total assets	$	947,961							$	929,140
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Interest-bearing liabilities
Certificates of deposit and other time deposits	$	452,443		$	4,191		0.93	%	$	466,007		$	4,111		0.88	%
Interest checking and money market deposits		247,261			940		0.38			232,717			921		0.40
Savings accounts		35,486			59		0.17			34,257			61		0.18
FHLB advances		9,184			120		1.31			2,967			70		2.36
Junior subordinated debentures and subordinated capital note		23,805			901		3.78			24,708			818		3.31
Senior debt		5,068			194		3.83			—			—		—
Total interest-bearing liabilities		773,247			6,405		0.83	%		760,656			5,981		0.79	%
Non-interest-bearing liabilities
Non-interest-bearing deposits		129,088								119,736
Other liabilities		7,775								9,325
Total liabilities		910,110								889,717
Stockholders’ equity		37,851								39,423
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	947,961							$	929,140
Net interest income				$	31,117							$	29,621
Net interest spread							3.35	%							3.32	%
Net interest margin							3.48	%							3.42	%
Ratio of average interest-earning assets to average interest-bearing liabilities							116.92	%							115.07	%

(1) Includes loan fees in both interest income and the calculation of yield on loans.

(2) Calculations include non-accruing loans of $7.1 million and $11.4 million in average loan amounts outstanding.

(3) Taxable equivalent yields are calculated assuming a 35% federal income tax rate for 2017 and 2016.

27

Rate/Volume Analysis 

The table below sets forth information regarding changes in interest income and interest expense for the periods indicated. For each category of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, information is provided on changes attributable to (1) changes in rate (changes in rate multiplied by old volume); (2) changes in volume (changes in volume multiplied by old rate); and (3) changes in rate-volume (change in rate multiplied by change in volume). Changes in rate-volume are proportionately allocated between rate and volume variance.

	Year Ended December 31, 2018 vs. 2017									Year Ended December 31, 2017 vs. 2016
	Increase (decrease) due to change in									Increase (decrease) due to change in
	Rate			Volume			Net Change			Rate			Volume			Net Change
	(in thousands)
Interest-earning assets:
Loan receivables	$	1,723		$	3,753		$	5,476		$	(895	)	$	2,224		$	1,329
U.S. Treasury and agencies		32			(177	)		(145	)		(5	)		(58	)		(63	)
Mortgage-backed securities		220			(318	)		(98	)		155			(155	)		—
Collateralized loan obligations		245			391			636			(9	)		522			513
State and political subdivision securities		(76	)		(299	)		(375	)		(9	)		(51	)		(60	)
Corporate bonds		36			239			275			33			41			74
FHLB stock		65			(2	)		63			73			—			73
Federal funds sold		9			3			12			4			3			7
Interest-bearing deposits in other financial institutions		182			(87	)		95			196			(149	)		47
Total increase (decrease) in interest income		2,436			3,503			5,939			(457	)		2,377			1,920
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Certificates of deposit and other time deposits		1,880			(122	)		1,758			202			(122	)		80
Interest checking and money market accounts		595			8			603			(37	)		56			19
Savings accounts		(1	)		(1	)		(2	)		(4	)		2			(2	)
FHLB advances		94			653			747			(42	)		92			50
Junior subordinated debentures		165			(81	)		84			114			(31	)		83
Senior debt		3			192			195			—			194			194
Total increase (decrease) in interest expense		2,736			649			3,385			233			191			424
Increase (decrease) in net interest income	$	(300	)	$	2,854		$	2,554		$	(690	)	$	2,186		$	1,496

Non-interest Income – The following table presents for the periods indicated the major categories of non-interest income:

	For the Years Ended December 31,
	2018			2017		2016
	(in thousands)
Service charges on deposit accounts	$	2,355		$	2,253	$	1,958
Bank card interchange fees		1,831			1,521		1,303
Income from bank owned life insurance		437			412		417
Net gain (loss) on sales and calls of securities		(6	)		288		216
Other real estate owned rental income		—			—		456
Other		1,162			930		868
Total non-interest income	$	5,779		$	5,404	$	5,218

Non-interest income increased by $375,000 for 2018 to $5.8 million compared with $5.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2017. This increase was primarily attributable to a $310,000 increase in bank card interchange fees, a $232,000 increase in other non-interest income, and a $102,000 increase in service charges on deposit accounts partially offset by a $6,000 net loss on sale of securities for 2018 compared to a $288,000 net gain during 2017.

28

The $232,000 net increase in other non-interest income for 2018 includes a $150,000 third quarter gain on sale of the Bank’s secondary market residential mortgage servicing rights portfolio, as well as a $632,000 fourth quarter gain on sale of a subdivided lot at the Company’s headquarters, partially offset by a $392,000 fourth quarter impairment charge associated with the transfer of the Bank’s data processing center to Premises Held for Sale.

In December 2018, the Bank completed a core system conversion, which Management believes will provide opportunities for work flow efficiencies and improvements in customer experience. In connection with the completion of the core systems conversion, Management approved the closure of its central data processing facility. Support services personnel will be relocated from the bank-owned data processing facility to other nearby facilities in 2019. In December 2018, the data processing facility was transferred to Premises Held For Sale at fair value, as determined by an independent third party appraisal, less estimated cost to sell. The transfer to held for sale resulted in the $392,000 impairment charge noted above, which is included in other non-interest income. Upon sale of the facility, Management expects to realize annual occupancy expense savings of approximately $200,000.

Non-interest income increased by $186,000 in 2017 to $5.4 million compared with $5.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2016. This increase was primarily attributable to a $295,000 increase in service charges on deposit accounts, a $218,000 increase in bank card interchange fees, and a $72,000 increase in net gain on sale of securities partially offset by no OREO income during 2017, compared to $456,000 during 2016.

Non-interest Expense – The following table presents the major categories of non-interest expense:

	For the Years Ended December 31,
	2018		2017		2016
	(in thousands)
Salary and employee benefits	$	15,489	$	15,090	$	15,508
Occupancy and equipment		3,586		3,420		3,517
FDIC insurance		557		1,412		1,660
Data processing expense		1,192		1,256		1,185
Marketing expense		1,114		1,098		973
State franchise and deposit tax		1,118		956		965
Deposit account related expense		823		896		787
Professional fees		814		978		1,568
Communications		701		722		706
Insurance expense		478		540		565
Postage and delivery		364		395		359
Litigation and loan collection expense		245		179		8,805
Other real estate owned expense		868		1,973		1,541
Other		1,777		1,852		1,882
Total non-interest expense	$	29,126	$	30,767	$	40,021

Non-interest expense for the year ended December 31, 2018 of $29.1 million represented a 3.1% decrease from $30.8 million for 2017. The decrease in non-interest expense was attributable primarily to a decrease in OREO expense of $1.1 million. Non-interest expense also benefited from a $855,000 decrease in FDIC insurance as a result of the Bank’s improved risk profile, partially offset by a $399,000 increase in salaries and employee benefits. As shown below, expenses related to OREO decreased due to lower valuation adjustment write-downs during 2018 compared to 2017.

	2018			2017
	(in thousands)
Net gain on sales	$	(72	)	$	(74	)
Valuation adjustment write-downs		850			1,963
Operating expense		90			84
Total	$	868		$	1,973

During the year ended December 31, 2018, fair value write-downs of $850,000 were recorded compared with $2.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2017. The 2018 write-downs reflect declines in the fair value due to changes in marketing strategies and new appraisals. OREO sales totaled $876,000 and $793,000 during 2018 and 2017, respectively.

29

Non-interest Expense Comparison – 2017 to 2016

Non-interest expense for the year ended December 31, 2017 of $30.8 million represented a 23.1% decrease from $40.0 million for 2016. The decrease in non-interest expense was attributable primarily to a decrease in litigation and loan collection expense, which decreased $8.6 million. Litigation expense was negatively impacted in 2016 by a ruling from the Kentucky Court of Appeals against the Bank that approximated $8.0 million. Non-interest expense also benefited from a $590,000 decrease in professional fees, a $418,000 decrease in salaries and employee benefits, and a $248,000 decrease in FDIC insurance. As shown below, expenses related to OREO trended higher due to higher valuation adjustment write-downs during 2017 compared to 2016.

	2017			2016
	(in thousands)
Net gain on sales	$	(74	)	$	(222	)
Valuation adjustment write-downs		1,963			1,180
Operating expense		84			583
Total	$	1,973		$	1,541

During the year ended December 31, 2017, fair value write-downs totaled $2.0 million compared with $1.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2016. The write-downs reflect declines in fair value due to updated appraisals, changes in marketing strategies, and reductions in listing prices for certain properties. The Bank was successful in selling OREO totaling $793,000 and $12.7 million during 2017 and 2016, respectively.

Income Tax Expense and Benefit – Effective tax rates differ from the federal statutory rate applied to income (loss) before income taxes due to the following:

	2018			2017			2016
	(in thousands)
Statutory tax rate		21	%		35	%		35	%
Federal statutory rate times financial statement income (loss)	$	2,273		$	2,294		$	(956	)
Effect of:
Valuation allowance		—			(54,049	)		1,238
Tax-exempt income		(80	)		(196	)		(211	)
Non-taxable life insurance income		(92	)		(144	)		(146	)
Restricted stock vesting		(115	)		(121	)		—
Change in federal statutory rate		—			20,274			—
Other, net		44			43			96
Total	$	2,030		$	(31,899	)	$	21

The Company had a full valuation allowance against its net deferred tax asset since 2011. During the fourth quarter of 2017, management concluded it was more-likely-than-not the asset would be utilized to reduce future taxes payable related to the future taxable income of the Company, and as such, reversed the valuation allowance. As a result of the conclusion to reverse the valuation allowance, the Company recorded an income tax benefit of $54.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2017.

On December 22, 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 was signed into law. Among other significant changes to the tax code, the new law lowered the federal corporate tax rate from 35% to 21% beginning in 2018. As a result, the Company revalued its net deferred tax asset at the new 21% rate for 2017. Due to this revaluation, the Company recorded a $20.3 million charge to income tax expense for the year ended December 31, 2017.

The combination of the reversal of the valuation allowance and the change in federal corporate tax rates, as well as income tax expense for the year, resulted in an income tax benefit of $31.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2017.

See Note 11, “Income Taxes”, for additional discussion of our income taxes.

Analysis of Financial Condition 

Total assets at December 31, 2018 were $1.07 billion compared with $970.8 million at December 31, 2017, an increase of $98.9 million or 10.2%. This increase was primarily attributable to an increase in net loans of $52.5 million as well as an increase in securities available for sale of $48.5 million.

Total assets at December 31, 2017 were $970.8 million compared with $945.2 million at December 31, 2016, an increase of $25.6 million or 2.7%. This increase was primarily attributable to an increase in net loans of $73.6 million as well as the restoration of a net deferred tax asset of $31.3 million. These increases were partially offset by a decrease in investment securities of $41.9 million as well as a $30.9 million decrease in interest bearing deposits in banks.

30

Loans Receivable – Loans receivable increased $53.1 million, or 7.5%, during the year ended December 31, 2018, to $765.2 million. Our commercial, commercial real estate and real estate construction portfolios increased by an aggregate of $50.2 million, or 12.1%, during 2018 and comprised 60.9% of the total loan portfolio at December 31, 2018.

Loans receivable increased $72.9 million, or 11.4%, during the year ended December 31, 2017, to $712.1 million. Our commercial, commercial real estate and real estate construction portfolios increased by an aggregate of $61.0 million, or 17.2%, during 2017 and comprised 58.4% of the total loan portfolio at December 31, 2017.

Loan Portfolio Composition – The following table presents a summary of the loan portfolio at the dates indicated, net of deferred loan fees, by type. There are no foreign loans in our portfolio and other than the categories noted, there is no concentration of loans in any industry exceeding 10% of total loans.

	As of December 31,
	2018					2017
	Amount		Percent			Amount		Percent
	(dollars in thousands)
Commercial	$	129,368		16.91	%	$	113,771		15.98	%
Commercial Real Estate:
Construction		86,867		11.35			57,342		8.05
Farmland		77,937		10.18			88,320		12.40
Nonfarm nonresidential		172,177		22.50			156,724		22.01
Residential Real Estate:
Multi-family		49,757		6.50			56,588		7.94
1-4 Family		175,761		22.97			179,222		25.17
Consumer		39,104		5.11			18,439		2.59
Agriculture		33,737		4.41			41,154		5.78
Other		536		0.07			555		0.08
Total loans	$	765,244		100.00	%	$	712,115		100.00	%

	As of December 31,
	2016					2015					2014
	Amount		Percent			Amount		Percent			Amount		Percent
	(dollars in thousands)
Commercial	$	97,761		15.29	%	$	86,176		13.93	%	$	60,936		9.75	%
Commercial Real Estate:
Construction		36,330		5.68			33,154		5.36			33,173		5.31
Farmland		71,507		11.19			76,412		12.35			77,419		12.39
Nonfarm nonresidential		149,546		23.39			140,570		22.72			175,452		28.07
Residential Real Estate:
Multi-family		48,197		7.54			44,131		7.13			41,891		6.70
1-4 Family		188,092		29.42			201,478		32.57			197,278		31.56
Consumer		9,818		1.54			10,010		1.62			11,347		1.82
Agriculture		37,508		5.87			26,316		4.25			26,966		4.31
Other		477		0.08			419		0.07			537		0.09
Total loans	$	639,236		100.00	%	$	618,666		100.00	%	$	624,999		100.00	%

Lending activities are subject to a variety of lending limits imposed by state and federal law. The Bank’s secured legal lending limit to a single borrower or guarantor was approximately $36.2 million at December 31, 2018.

The Bank had 13 and 12 loan relationships each with aggregate extensions of credit in excess of $10.0 million, all of which were classified as pass by the Bank’s internal loan review process at December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

As of December 31, 2018, the Bank had $57.5 million of loan participations purchased from, and $20.1 million of loan participations sold to, other banks. As of December 31, 2017, the Bank had $46.2 million of loan participations purchased from, and $19.1 million of loan participations sold to, other banks.

31

Loan Maturity Schedule – The following table sets forth at December 31, 2018, the dollar amount of loans, net of deferred loan fees, maturing in the loan portfolio based on their contractual terms to maturity:

	As of December 31, 2018
	Maturing Within One Year		Maturing 1 through 5 Years		Maturing Over 5 Years		Total Loans
	(dollars in thousands)
Loans with fixed rates:
Commercial	$	2,464	$	31,085	$	6,759	$	40,308
Commercial Real Estate:
Construction		8,594		11,091		23,563		43,248
Farmland		20,268		13,858		3,482		37,608
Nonfarm nonresidential		27,314		67,042		8,861		103,217
Residential Real Estate:
Multi-family		13,022		26,526		3,922		43,470
1-4 Family		69,543		23,345		6,730		99,618
Consumer		29,392		6,406		1,214		37,012
Agriculture		583		5,262		2,246		8,091
Other		54		336		64		454
Total fixed rate loans	$	171,234	$	184,951	$	56,841	$	413,026
Loans with floating rates:
Commercial	$	18,547	$	59,701	$	10,812	$	89,060
Commercial Real Estate:
Construction		13,417		24,917		5,285		43,619
Farmland		32,188		7,021		1,120		40,329
Nonfarm nonresidential		43,791		20,515		4,654		68,960
Residential Real Estate:
Multi-family		1,208		4,878		201		6,287
1-4 Family		67,496		5,342		3,305		76,143
Consumer		27		—		2,065		2,092
Agriculture		546		9,161		15,939		25,646
Other		78		4		—		82
Total floating rate loans	$	177,298	$	131,539	$	43,381	$	352,218

Loan Portfolio by Risk Category – The following table presents a summary of the loan portfolio at the dates indicated, by risk category.

	As of December 31,
	2018		2017		2016		2015		2014
	(in thousands)
Pass	$	745,604	$	673,033	$	586,430	$	517,484	$	461,126
Watch		13,164		25,715		30,431		63,363		68,200
Special Mention		113		164		497		1,395		4,189
Substandard		6,363		13,203		21,878		36,424		91,484
Doubtful		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	765,244	$	712,115	$	639,236	$	618,666	$	624,999

Loans receivable increased $53.1 million, or 7.5%, during the year ended December 31, 2018. All loan risk categories have decreased since December 31, 2017, with the exception of pass graded loans. The pass category increased approximately $72.6 million, the watch category declined approximately $12.6 million, the special mention category declined approximately $51,000, and the substandard category declined approximately $6.8 million. The $6.8 million decrease in loans classified as substandard was primarily driven by $12.6 million in principal payments received, $730,000 in loans moved to OREO, $480,000 in charge-offs, and $92,000 in loans upgraded from substandard, offset by $7.1 million in loans moved to substandard during 2018.

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Loan Delinquency – The following table presents a summary of loan delinquencies at the dates indicated.

	As of December 31,
	2018		2017		2016		2015		2014
	(in thousands)
Past Due Loans:
30-59 Days	$	1,593	$	1,478	$	2,302	$	3,133	$	3,960
60-89 Days		331		171		315		241		980
90 Days and Over		—		1		—		—		151
Total Loans Past Due 30-90+ Days		1,924		1,650		2,617		3,374		5,091
Nonaccrual Loans		1,991		5,457		9,216		14,087		47,175
Total Past Due and Nonaccrual Loans	$	3,915	$	7,107	$	11,833	$	17,461	$	52,266

Loans past due 30-59 days increased from $1.5 million at December 31, 2017 to $1.6 million at December 31, 2018, and loans past due 60-89 days increased from $171,000 at December 31, 2017 to $331,000 at December 31, 2018. This represents a $274,000 increase in loans past due 30-89 days. This trend in delinquency levels is considered during the evaluation of qualitative trends in the portfolio when establishing the general component of our allowance for loan losses.

Nonaccrual loans decreased $3.5 million from December 31, 2017 to December 31, 2018. This decrease was primarily driven by $3.6 million in paydowns, $293,000 in charge-offs, $730,000 in transfers to OREO, and $77,000 in loans returned to accrual status, offset by $1.2 million in loans placed on non-accrual. The $2.0 million in nonaccrual loans at December 31, 2018, and $5.5 million at December 31, 2017, were generally secured by farmland and 1-4 family residential real estate loans. Management believes it has established adequate loan loss reserves for these credits.

Troubled Debt Restructuring – A troubled debt restructuring (TDR) occurs when the Bank has agreed to a loan modification in the form of a concession to a borrower who is experiencing financial difficulty. The Bank’s TDRs typically involve a reduction in interest rate, a deferral of principal for a stated period of time, or an interest only period. All TDRs are considered impaired, and the Bank has allocated reserves for these loans to reflect the present value of the concessionary terms granted to the borrower. If the loan is considered collateral dependent, it is reported net of allocated reserves, at the fair value of the collateral less cost to sell.

The Bank does not have a formal loan modification program. If a borrower is unable to make contractual payments, management reviews the particular circumstances of that borrower’s situation and determine whether or not to negotiate a revised payment stream. The goal when restructuring a credit is to afford the borrower a reasonable period of time to remedy the issue causing cash flow constraints so that the credit may return to performing status over time. If a borrower fails to perform under the modified terms, the loan(s) are placed on nonaccrual status and collection actions are initiated.

Management periodically reviews renewals and modifications of previously identified TDRs for which there was no principal forgiveness, to consider if it is appropriate to remove the TDR classification. If the borrower is no longer experiencing financial difficulty and the renewal/modification did not contain a concessionary interest rate or other concessionary terms, management considers the potential removal of the TDR classification. If deemed appropriate based upon current underwriting, the TDR classification is removed as the borrower has complied with the terms of the loan at the date of renewal/modification and there was a reasonable expectation that the borrower would continue to comply with the terms of the loan after the date of the renewal/modification. Additionally, the TDR classification may be removed in circumstances in which the Company performs a non-concessionary re-modification of the loan at terms that were considered to be at market for loans with comparable risk. Management expects the borrower will continue to perform under the re-modified terms based on the borrower’s past performance.

If the borrower fails to perform, management places the loan on nonaccrual status and seeks to liquidate the underlying collateral. The nonaccrual policy for restructured loans is identical to the nonaccrual policy for all loans. The policy calls for a loan to be reported as nonaccrual if it is maintained on a cash basis because of deterioration in the financial condition of the borrower, payment in full of principal and interest is not expected, or principal or interest is past due 90 days or more unless the assets are both well secured and in the process of collection. Changes in value for impairment, including the amount attributed to the passage of time, are recorded entirely within the provision for loan losses. Upon determination that a loan is collateral dependent, the loan is charged down to the fair value of collateral less estimated costs to sell.

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At December 31, 2018, the Bank had two restructured loans totaling $910,000 with borrowers who experienced deterioration in financial condition compared with six restructured loans totaling $3.0 million at December 31, 2017. In general, these loans were granted interest rate reductions to provide cash flow relief to borrowers experiencing cash flow difficulties. At December 31, 2018, the Bank had no restructured loans that had been granted principal payment deferrals until maturity compared with two loans totaling approximately $1.8 million at December 31, 2017. There were no concessions made to forgive principal relative to these loans, although partial charge-offs have been recorded for certain restructured loans. In general, these loans are secured by first liens on 1-4 residential properties, commercial real estate properties, or farmland. At December 31, 2018 both TDRs were performing according to their modified terms, compared to $1.2 million at December 31, 2017.

There were no modifications granted during 2018 or 2017 that resulted in loans being identified as TDRs. During the twelve months ended December 31, 2018, TDRs were reduced as a result of $1.5 million in payments and $500,000 due to the transfer of a loan to OREO. See “Note 3 – Loans,” to the financial statements for additional disclosure related to troubled debt restructuring.

Non-Performing Assets – Non-performing assets consist of certain restructured loans for which interest rate or other terms have been renegotiated, loans past due 90 days or more still on accrual, loans on which interest is no longer accrued, real estate acquired through foreclosure and repossessed assets. Loans, including impaired loans, are placed on nonaccrual status when they become past due 90 days or more as to principal or interest, unless they are adequately secured and in the process of collection. Loans are considered impaired if full principal or interest payments are not anticipated in accordance with the contractual loan terms. Impaired loans are carried at the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate or at the fair value of the collateral less cost to sell if the loan is collateral dependent. Loans are reviewed on a regular basis and normal collection procedures are implemented when a borrower fails to make a required payment on a loan. If the delinquency on a mortgage loan exceeds 120 days and is not cured through normal collection procedures or an acceptable arrangement is not agreed to with the borrower, management institutes measures to remedy the default, including commencing a foreclosure action. Consumer loans generally are charged off when a loan is deemed uncollectible and often before any available collateral has been disposed. Commercial business and real estate loan delinquencies are handled on an individual basis with the advice of legal counsel.

Interest income on loans is recognized on the accrual basis except for those loans placed on nonaccrual status. The accrual of interest on impaired loans is discontinued when management believes, after consideration of economic and business conditions and collection efforts, that the borrowers’ financial condition is such that collection of interest is doubtful, which typically occurs after the loan becomes 90 days delinquent. When interest accrual is discontinued, existing accrued interest is reversed and interest income is subsequently recognized only to the extent cash payments are received on well-secured loans.

Real estate acquired as a result of foreclosure or by deed in lieu of foreclosure is classified as real estate owned until such time as it is sold. New and used automobiles and other motor vehicles acquired as a result of foreclosure are classified as repossessed assets until they are sold. When such property is acquired it is recorded at its fair market value less cost to sell. Any write-down of the property at the time of acquisition is charged to the allowance for loan losses. Subsequent gains and losses are included in non-interest expense.

The following table sets forth information with respect to non-performing assets as of the dates indicated:

	As of December 31,
	2018			2017			2016			2015			2014
	(dollars in thousands)
Loans on nonaccrual status	$	1,991			5,457			9,216			14,087			47,175
Troubled debt restructurings on accrual		910			1,217			5,350			17,440			21,985
Past due 90 days or more still on accrual		—			1			—			—			151
Total non-performing loans and TDRs on accrual		2,901			6,675			14,566			31,527			69,311
Real estate acquired through foreclosure		3,485			4,409			6,821			19,214			46,197
Other repossessed assets		—			—			—			—			—
Total non-performing assets and TDRs on accrual	$	6,386		$	11,084		$	21,387		$	50,741		$	115,508
Non-performing loans and TDRs on accrual to total loans		0.38	%		0.94	%		2.28	%		5.10	%		11.09	%
Non-performing assets and TDRs on accrual to total assets		0.60	%		1.14	%		2.26	%		5.35	%		11.35	%
Allowance for non-performing loans	$	83		$	108		$	241		$	295		$	1,253
Allowance for non-performing loans to non-performing loans and TDRs on accrual		2.86	%		1.62	%		1.65	%		0.94	%		1.81	%

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Interest income that would have been earned on non-performing loans was $274,000, $465,000, and $738,000 for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016, respectively. Interest income recognized on non-performing loans was $452,000, $135,000, and $445,000 for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016, respectively.

Allowance for Loan Losses – The allowance for loan losses is based on management’s continuing review and evaluation of individual loans, loss experience, current economic conditions, risk characteristics of various categories of loans and such other factors that, in management’s judgment, require current recognition in estimating loan losses.

Management has established loan grading procedures that result in specific allowance allocations for any estimated inherent risk of loss. For loans not individually evaluated, a general allowance allocation is computed using factors developed over time based on actual loss experience. The specific and general allocations plus consideration of qualitative factors represent management’s estimate of probable losses contained in the loan portfolio at the evaluation date. Although the allowance for loan losses is comprised of specific and general allocations, the entire allowance is available to absorb any credit losses.

The following table sets forth an analysis of loan loss experience as of and for the periods indicated:

	As of December 31,
	2018			2017			2016			2015			2014
	(dollars in thousands)
Balances at beginning of period	$	8,202		$	8,967		$	12,041		$	19,364		$	28,124
Loans charged-off:
Real estate		450			750			2,157			5,050			17,943
Commercial		50			5			276			696			1,099
Consumer		95			51			99			221			335
Agriculture		13			95			18			118			30
Other		8			—			79			47			19
Total charge-offs		616			901			2,629			6,132			19,426
Recoveries:
Real estate		1,437			714			1,189			2,338			2,726
Commercial		261			59			334			723			614
Consumer		69			115			299			184			168
Agriculture		15			33			114			8			13
Other		12			15			69			56			45
Total recoveries		1,794			936			2,005			3,309			3,566
Net charge-offs (recoveries)		(1,178	)		(35	)		624			2,823			15,860
Provision (negative provision) for loan losses		(500	)		(800	)		(2,450	)		(4,500	)		7,100
Balance at end of period	$	8,880		$	8,202		$	8,967		$	12,041		$	19,364
Allowance for loan losses to period-end loans		1.16	%		1.15	%		1.40	%		1.95	%		3.10	%
Net charge-offs (recoveries) to average loans		(0.16	)%		(0.01	)%		0.10	%		0.44	%		2.39	%
Allowance for loan losses to non-performing loans and TDRs on accrual		306.10	%		122.88	%		61.16	%		38.19	%		27.94	%

The allowance for loan losses is a reserve established through charges to earnings in the form of a provision for loan losses. The allowance for loan losses is comprised of general reserves and specific reserves. The loan loss reserve, as a percentage of total loans at December 31, 2018, was stable at 1.16% and 1.15% at December 31, 2017. New loans continue to be underwritten with lower loss expectations. Historical loss experience, risk grade classification metrics, charge-off levels, and past due trends remained stable between periods. The allowance for loan losses to non-performing loans was 306.10% at December 31, 2018, compared with 122.88% at December 31, 2017. Net recoveries totaled $1.2 million for 2018 compared to $35,000 for 2017.

A general reserve is maintained for each loan type in the loan portfolio. In determining the amount of the general reserve portion of the allowance for loan losses, management considers factors such as our historical loan loss experience, the growth, composition and diversification of our loan portfolio, current delinquency levels, loan quality grades, the results of recent regulatory examinations and general economic conditions. Based on these factors, management applies estimated percentages to the various categories of loans, not including any loan that has a specific allowance allocated to it, based on our historical experience, portfolio trends and economic and industry trends. This information is used by management to set the general reserve portion of the allowance for loan losses at a level it deems prudent.

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Generally, all loans identified as impaired are reviewed on a quarterly basis in order to determine whether a specific allowance is required. A loan is considered impaired when, based on current information, it is probable that the Bank will not receive all amounts due in accordance with the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Once a loan has been identified as impaired, management measures impairment in accordance with ASC 310-10, “Impairment of a Loan.” When management’s measured value of the impaired loan is less than the recorded investment in the loan, the amount of the impairment is recorded as a specific reserve or charged-off if the loan is deemed collateral dependent. These specific reserves are determined on an individual loan basis based on management’s current evaluation of our loss exposure for each credit given the payment status, financial condition of the borrower and value of any underlying collateral. Loans for which specific reserves have been provided are excluded from the general reserve calculations described below. Changes in specific reserves from period to period are the result of changes in the circumstances of individual loans such as charge-offs, pay-offs, changes in collateral values or other factors.

The allowance for loan losses represents management’s estimate of the amount necessary to provide for probable losses in the loan portfolio in the normal course of business. Due to the uncertainty of risks in the loan portfolio, management’s judgment of the amount of the allowance necessary to absorb loan losses is approximate. The allowance for loan losses is also subject to regulatory examinations and may be adjusted in response to a determination by the regulatory agencies as to its adequacy in comparison with peer institutions.

Management makes specific allowances for each impaired loan based on its type and risk classification as discussed above. At year-end 2018, the allowance for loan losses to total non-performing loans and TDRs on accrual increased to 306.10% from 122.88% at year-end 2017. It is important to look more closely at this ratio as a significant portion of impaired loans are collateral dependent and have been charged down to the estimated fair value of the underlying collateral less cost to sell. Please see the next table for comparison and disclosure of recorded investment less allocated allowance relative to the unpaid principal balance. Impaired loans have been assessed for collectability which considered, among other things, the borrower’s ability to repay, the value of the underlying collateral, and other market conditions to ensure that the allowance for loan losses is adequate to absorb probable incurred losses.

The following table presents the unpaid principal balance, recorded investment and allocated allowance related to loans individually evaluated for impairment in the commercial real estate and residential real estate portfolios as of December 31, 2018 and 2017.

	December 31, 2018						December 31, 2017
	Commercial Real Estate			Residential Real Estate			Commercial Real Estate			Residential Real Estate
	(in thousands)
Unpaid principal balance	$	2,421		$	3,398		$	4,734		$	5,456
Prior charge-offs		(1,911	)		(1,050	)		(2,099	)		(1,506	)
Recorded investment		510			2,348			2,635			3,950
Allocated allowance		(35	)		(168	)		—			(206	)
Recorded investment, less allocated allowance	$	475		$	2,180		$	2,635		$	3,744
Recorded investment, less allocated allowance/ Unpaid principal balance		19.62	%		64.16	%		55.66	%		68.62	%

Based on prior charge-offs, the current recorded investments in loans individually evaluated for impairment in the commercial real estate and residential real estate segments of the portfolio are significantly below the unpaid principal balances of those loans. The recorded investment net of the allocated allowance was 19.62% and 64.16% of the unpaid principal balance in the commercial real estate and residential real estate segments, respectively, at December 31, 2018.

A significant portion of the portfolio is comprised of loans secured by real estate. A decline in the value of the real estate serving as collateral for loans may impact our ability to collect those loans. In general, management obtains updated appraisals on property securing our loans when circumstances are warranted such as at the time of renewal or when market conditions have significantly changed. Management uses qualified licensed appraisers approved by our Board of Directors. These appraisers possess prerequisite certifications and knowledge of the local and regional marketplace.

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Based on its assessment of the loan portfolio, management presents a quarterly review of the allowance for loan losses to the Bank’s Board of Directors, indicating any change in the allowance for loan losses since the last review and any recommendations as to adjustments in the allowance for loan losses.

This assessment is inherently subjective as it requires estimates that are susceptible to significant revision as more information becomes available or as events change. The allowance for loan losses was stable as a percentage of loans outstanding at 1.16% at December 31, 2018 and 1.15% at December 31, 2017. New loans continue to be underwritten with lower loss expectations. Historical loss experience, risk grade classification metrics, charge-off levels, and past due trends remained stable between periods. The level of the allowance is based on estimates, and losses may ultimately vary from these estimates.

The Bank follows a loan grading program designed to evaluate the credit risk in the loan portfolio. Through this loan grading process, an internally classified watch list is maintained which helps management assess the overall quality of the loan portfolio and the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses. Loans categorized as watch list loans show warning elements where the present status exhibits one or more deficiencies that require attention in the short-term or where pertinent ratios of the loan account have weakened to a point where more frequent monitoring is warranted. These loans do not have all of the characteristics of a classified loan (substandard or doubtful) but show weakened elements as compared with those of a satisfactory credit. These loans are reviewed to assist in assessing the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses.

In establishing the appropriate risk rating for specific assets, management considers, among other factors, the borrower’s ability to repay, the borrower’s repayment history, the current delinquency status, the estimated value of the underlying collateral, and the capacity and willingness of a guarantor to satisfy the obligation. As a result of this process, loans are categorized as special mention, substandard or doubtful.

Loans classified as “special mention” do not have all of the characteristics of substandard or doubtful loans. They have one or more deficiencies that warrant special attention and which corrective action, such as accelerated collection practices, may remedy.

Loans classified as “substandard” are those loans with clear and defined weaknesses such as a highly leveraged position, unfavorable financial ratios, uncertain repayment sources or poor financial condition that may jeopardize the repayment of the debt as contractually agreed. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Bank will sustain some losses if the deficiencies are not corrected.

Loans classified as “doubtful” are those loans which have characteristics similar to substandard loans but with an increased risk that collection or liquidation in full is highly questionable and improbable.

Specific reserves may be carried for accruing TDRs in compliance with restructured terms. Once a loan is deemed impaired or uncollectible as contractually agreed (other than performing TDRs), the loan is charged-off either partially or in-full against the allowance for loan losses, based upon the expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, or the fair value of collateral less estimated cost to sell with respect to collateral-based loans if collateral dependent.

As of December 31, 2018, $6.4 million of loans were classified as substandard, $113,000 classified as special mention and no loans classified as doubtful or loss. This compares with $13.2 million of loans classified as substandard, $164,000 classified as special mention and no loans classified as doubtful or loss as of December 31, 2017. The $6.8 million decrease in loans classified as substandard was primarily driven by $12.6 million in principal payments received, $730,000 in migration to OREO, $92,000 in loans upgraded from substandard, and $480,000 in charge-offs, offset by $7.1 million in loans moved to substandard during 2018. Substandard loans are primarily concentrated in the residential real estate portfolio. As of December 31, 2018, $266,000 of the allowance for loan losses was allocated to substandard loans. This compares to allocations of $418,000 in the allowance for loan losses related to substandard loans at December 31, 2017.

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The following table depicts management’s allocation of the allowance for loan losses by loan type. Allowance funding and allocation is based on management’s current evaluation of risk in each category, economic conditions, past loss experience, loan volume, past due history and other factors. Since these factors and management’s assumptions are subject to change, the allocation is not necessarily predictive of future portfolio performance. The allocation is made for analytical purposes and is not necessarily indicative of the categories in which future losses may occur. The total allowance is available to absorb losses from any segment of loans.

	As of December 31,
	2018					2017
	Amount of Allowance		Percent of Loans to Total Loans			Amount of Allowance		Percent of Loans to Total Loans
	(dollars in thousands)
Commercial	$	1,299		16.91	%	$	892		15.98	%
Commercial Real Estate:
Construction		419		11.35			301		8.05
Farmland		543		10.18			449		12.40
Nonfarm nonresidential		3,714		22.50			3,282		22.01
Residential Real Estate:
Multi-family		403		6.50			627		7.94
1-4 Family		2,049		22.97			2,273		25.17
Consumer		130		5.11			64		2.59
Agriculture		321		4.41			313		5.78
Other		2		0.07			1		0.08
Total	$	8,880		100.0	%	$	8,202		100.0	%

	As of December 31,
	2016					2015					2014
	Amount of Allowance		Percent of Loans to Total Loans			Amount of Allowance		Percent of Loans to Total Loans			Amount of Allowance		Percent of Loans to Total Loans
	(dollars in thousands)
Commercial	$	475		15.29	%	$	818		13.93	%	$	2,046		9.75	%
Commercial Real Estate:
Construction		470		5.68			424		5.36			739		5.31
Farmland		288		11.19			364		12.35			1,094		12.39
Nonfarm nonresidential		4,136		23.39			6,205		22.72			9,098		28.07
Residential Real Estate:
Multi-family		610		7.54			422		7.13			886		6.70
1-4 Family		2,816		29.42			3,562		32.57			4,901		31.56
Consumer		8		1.54			122		1.62			274		1.82
Agriculture		162		5.87			122		4.25			319		4.31
Other		2		0.08			2		0.07			7		0.09
Total	$	8,967		100.0	%	$	12,041		100.0	%	$	19,364		100.0	%

Provision for Loan Losses – A negative provision for loan losses of $500,000 was recorded for the year ended December 31, 2018, compared with a negative provision for loan losses of $800,000 for 2017 and a negative provision for loan losses of $2.5 million for 2016. The negative provision in 2018 was driven by declining historical loss rates, net recoveries for the year, improvements in asset quality, changes on the composition of the portfolio, and management’s assessment of risk within the portfolio. Asset quality improvement is evidenced by, among other things, improvements in loan risk category migration. The pass category increased approximately $72.6 million, the watch category declined approximately $12.6 million, the special mention category declined approximately $51,000 and the substandard category declined approximately $6.8 million. Additionally, non-accrual loans decreased $3.5 million or 63.5% during 2018. Net recoveries were $1.2 million for 2018 compared to net recoveries of $35,000 in 2017 and net charge-offs of $624,000 in 2016. Management considers the size and volume of our portfolio as well as the credit quality of our loan portfolio based upon risk category classification when determining the loan loss provision for each period and the allowance for loan losses at period end.

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Foreclosed Properties – Foreclosed properties at December 31, 2018 were $3.5 million compared with $4.4 million at December 31, 2017. See “Note 5 - Other Real Estate Owned,” to the financial statements. During 2018, the Bank acquired $730,000 of OREO properties and sold properties totaling approximately $876,000. Management values foreclosed properties at fair value less estimated cost to sell when acquired and expects to liquidate these properties to recover our investment in the due course of business.

OREO is recorded at fair market value less estimated cost to sell at time of acquisition. Any write-down of the property at the time of acquisition is charged to the allowance for loan losses. When foreclosed properties are acquired, management obtains a new appraisal or has staff from the Bank’s special assets group evaluate the latest in-file appraisal in connection with the transfer to OREO. Management typically obtains updated appraisals within five quarters of the anniversary date of ownership unless a sale is imminent. Subsequent reductions in fair value are recorded as non-interest expense when a new appraisal indicates a decline in value or in cases where a listing price is lowered below the appraisal amount.

The following table presents the major categories of OREO at the year-ends indicated:

	2018		2017		2016
	(in thousands)
Commercial Real Estate:
Construction, land development, and other land	$	3,485	$	4,335	$	6,571
Farmland		—		74		—
Residential Real Estate:
1-4 Family		—		—		250
	$	3,485	$	4,409	$	6,821

Net activity relating to other real estate owned during the years indicated is as follows:

	2018			2017			2016
	(in thousands)
OREO Activity
OREO as of January 1	$	4,409		$	6,821		$	19,214
Real estate acquired		730			270			1,273
Valuation adjustment write-downs		(850	)		(1,963	)		(1,180	)
Net gain on sale		72			74			222
Proceeds from sale of properties		(876	)		(793	)		(12,708	)
OREO as of December 31	$	3,485		$	4,409		$	6,821

Net gain on sales, write-downs, and operating expenses for OREO totaled $868,000 for the year ended December 31, 2018, compared with $2.0 million in 2017 and $1.5 million in 2016.

During the year ended December 31, 2018, fair value write-downs of $850,000 were recorded compared with $2.0 million for 2017 and $1.2 million for 2016. The write-downs recorded in each year reflect fair value write-downs due to updated appraisals, changes in marketing strategies, and reductions in listing prices for certain properties. OREO sales totaled $876,000, $793,000, and $12.7 million during 2018, 2017, and 2016, respectively. Management expects to resolve certain nonaccrual loans through the acquisition and sale of the underlying real estate collateral.

Investment Securities – The securities portfolio serves as a source of liquidity and earnings and contributes to the management of interest rate risk. Investments are made in various types of liquid assets, including U.S. Treasury obligations and securities of various federal agencies, obligations of states and political subdivisions, corporate bonds, collateralized loan obligations, certificates of deposit at insured savings and loans and banks, bankers’ acceptances and federal funds. The investment portfolio increased by $48.5 million, or 31.7%, to $201.2 million at December 31, 2018, compared with $152.7 million at December 31, 2017.

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The following table sets forth the carrying value of our securities portfolio at the dates indicated.

	December 31, 2018									December 31, 2017
	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value
	(dollars in thousands)
Securities available for sale
U.S. Government and federal agencies	$	23,280	$	2	$	(722	)	$	22,560	$	22,105	$	2	$	(483	)	$	21,624
Agency mortgage-backed: residential		87,689		192		(1,891	)		85,990		65,935		117		(1,087	)		64,965
Collateralized loan obligations		49,942		—		(103	)		49,839		25,343		182		(20	)		25,505
State and municipal		32,841		230		(259	)		32,812		33,303		508		(101	)		33,710
Corporate bonds		9,890		127		(26	)		9,991		6,838		78		—			6,916
Total available for sale	$	203,642	$	551	$	(3,001	)	$	201,192	$	153,524	$	887	$	(1,691	)	$	152,720

The following table sets forth the contractual maturities, fair values and weighted-average yields for our available for sale securities held at December 31, 2018:

	Due Within One Year					After One Year But Within Five Years					After Five Years But Within Ten Years					After Ten Years					Total
	Amount		Yield			Amount		Yield			Amount		Yield			Amount		Yield			Amount		Yield
Available for sale
U.S. Government and federal agencies	$	—		—	%	$	—		—	%	$	8,981		2.54	%	$	13,579		2.20	%	$	22,560		2.33	%
Agency mortgage-backed: residential		—		—			5,540		2.49			11,020		2.33			69,430		3.02			85,990		2.89
Collateralized loan obligations		—		—			—		—			4,048		4.42			45,791		3.77			49,839		3.82
State and municipal		5,173		2.89			19,225		3.04			5,968		3.34			2,446		4.36			32,812		3.17
Corporate bonds		—		—			—		—			6,099		5.18			3,892		6.55			9,991		5.71
Total available for sale	$	5,173		2.89	%	$	24,765		2.92	%	$	36,116		3.25	%	$	135,138		3.31	%	$	201,192		3.24	%

Average yields in the table above were calculated on a tax equivalent basis using a federal income tax rate of 21%. Mortgage-backed securities are securities that have been developed by pooling a number of real estate mortgages. These securities are issued by federal agencies such as Ginnie Mae, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, as well as non-agency company issuers. These securities are deemed to have high credit ratings, and minimum regular monthly cash flows of principal and interest. Cash flows from agency backed mortgage-backed securities are guaranteed by the issuing agencies.

Unlike U.S. Treasury and U.S. government agency securities, which have a lump sum payment at maturity, mortgage-backed securities provide cash flows from regular principal and interest payments and principal prepayments throughout the lives of the securities. Mortgage-backed securities that are purchased at a premium will generally return decreasing net yields as interest rates drop because home owners tend to refinance their mortgages. Thus, the premium paid must be amortized over a shorter period. Therefore, those securities purchased at a discount will obtain higher net yields in a decreasing interest rate environment. As interest rates rise, the opposite will generally be true. During a period of increasing interest rates, fixed rate mortgage-backed securities do not tend to experience heavy prepayments of principal and consequently, average life will not be shortened. If interest rates begin to fall, prepayments will generally increase. Non-agency issuer mortgage-backed securities do not carry a government guarantee. Management limits purchases of these securities to bank qualified issues with high credit ratings. At this time, there are no holdings of this type in the portfolio. At December 31, 2018, 80.7% of the Bank’s agency mortgage-backed securities had contractual final maturities of more than ten years with a weighted average life of 20.5 years.

The Bank owns Collateralized Loan Obligations (CLOs), which are debt securities secured by professionally managed portfolios of senior-secured loans to corporations. CLO managers are typically large non-bank financial institutions or banks and are typically $300 million to $1 billion in size, contain one hundred or more loans and have five to six credit tranches ranging from AAA, AA, A, BBB, BB, B and equity tranche. Interest and principal are paid first to the AAA tranche then to the next lower rated tranche. Losses are borne first by the equity tranche then by the subsequently higher rated tranche. CLOs may be less liquid than government securities from time to time and volatility in the CLO market may cause the value of these investments to decline.

The market value of CLOs may be affected by, among other things, changes in composition of the underlying loans, changes in the cash flows from the underlying loans, defaults and recoveries on the underlying loans, capital gains and losses on the underlying loans, and prepayments on the underlying loans. Although we attempt to mitigate the credit and liquidity risks associated with CLOs by purchasing CLOs with credit ratings of A or higher, completing pre-purchase due diligence, and through ongoing monitoring, no assurance can be given that these risk mitigation efforts will be successful.

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At December 31, 2018, $33.1 million and $16.7 million of our CLOs were AA and A rated, respectively. There were no CLOs rated below A and none of the CLOs were subject to ratings downgrade in 2018. All of our CLOs are floating rate, with rates set on a quarterly basis at three month LIBOR plus a spread.

Deposits – The Bank attracts both short-term and long-term deposits from the general public by offering a wide range of deposit accounts and interest rates. In recent years, the Bank has been required by market conditions to rely increasingly on short to mid-term certificate accounts and other deposit alternatives, which are more responsive to market interest rates.

The Bank primarily relies on its banking office network to attract and retain deposits in its local markets and has in the past leveraged the online channel to attract out-of-market deposits. Market interest rates and rates on deposit products offered by competing financial institutions can significantly affect our ability to attract and retain deposits. During 2018, total deposits increased $47.2 million compared with 2017. During 2017, total deposits decreased $2.9 million compared with 2016. The increase in deposits for 2018 and 2017 was primarily in certificates of deposit balances as well as money market accounts.

To evaluate our funding needs in light of deposit trends resulting from continually changing conditions, management evaluates simulated performance reports that forecast changes in margins along with other pertinent economic data. The Bank continues to offer attractively priced deposit products along its product line to allow it to retain deposit customers and reduce interest rate risk during various rising and falling interest rate cycles.

The Bank offers savings accounts, interest checking accounts, money market accounts and fixed rate certificates with varying maturities. The flow of deposits is influenced significantly by general economic conditions, changes in interest rates and competition. Management adjusts interest rates, maturity terms, service fees and withdrawal penalties on the Bank’s deposit products periodically. The variety of deposit products allows the Bank to compete more effectively in obtaining funds and to respond with more flexibility to the flow of funds away from depository institutions into outside investment alternatives. However, the ability to attract and maintain deposits and the cost of these funds have been, and will continue to be, significantly affected by market conditions.

The following table sets forth the average daily balances and weighted average rates paid for deposits for the periods indicated:

	For the Years Ended December 31,
	2018					2017					2016
	Average Balance		Average Rate			Average Balance		Average Rate			Average Balance		Average Rate
	(dollars in thousands)
Demand	$	136,947				$	129,088				$	119,736
Interest Checking		90,583		0.13	%		101,980		0.13	%		96,294		0.13	%
Money Market		158,832		0.90			145,281		0.55			136,423		0.58
Savings		34,866		0.16			35,486		0.17			34,257		0.18
Certificates of Deposit		439,597		1.35			452,443		0.93			466,007		0.88
Total Deposits	$	860,825				$	864,278				$	852,717
Weighted Average Rate				0.88	%				0.60	%				0.60	%

The following table sets forth the average daily balances and weighted average rates paid for our certificates of deposit for the periods indicated:

	For the Years Ended December 31,
	2018					2017					2016
	Average Balance		Average Rate			Average Balance		Average Rate			Average Balance		Average Rate
	(dollars in thousands)
Less than $250,000	$	410,942		1.34	%	$	419,816		0.92	%	$	437,955		0.88	%
$250,000 or more		28,655		1.51			32,627		1.01			28,052		0.97
Total	$	439,597		1.35	%	$	452,443		0.93	%	$	466,007		0.88	%

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The following table shows at December 31, 2018 the amount of our time deposits of $250,000 or more by time remaining until maturity:

Maturity Period
(in thousands)
Three months or less	$	3,799
Three months through six months		4,002
Six months through twelve months		8,490
Over twelve months		11,820
Total	$	28,111

The Bank maintains competitive pricing on its deposit products, which Management believes allows it to retain a substantial percentage of our customers when their time deposits mature.

Borrowing – Deposits are the primary source of funds for lending and investment activities and for general business purposes. The Bank also uses advances (borrowings) from the FHLB of Cincinnati to supplement the pool of lendable funds, meet deposit withdrawal requirements and manage the terms of liabilities. Advances from the FHLB are secured by the Bank’s stock in the FHLB, and substantially all of its first mortgage residential loans. At December 31, 2018, the Bank had $46.5 million in advances outstanding from the FHLB and the capacity to increase borrowings by an additional $42.7 million. The FHLB of Cincinnati functions as a central reserve bank providing credit for member financial institutions. As a member, the Bank is required to own capital stock in the FHLB and is authorized to apply for advances on the security of such stock and certain of our home mortgages and other assets (principally, securities that are obligations of, or guaranteed by, the United States) provided that it meets certain standards related to creditworthiness.

The following table sets forth information about our FHLB advances as of and for the periods indicated:

	December 31,
	2018			2017			2016
	(dollars in thousands)
Average balance outstanding	$	43,363		$	9,184		$	2,967
Maximum amount outstanding at any month-end during the period		71,630			26,830			22,458
End of period balance		46,549			11,797			22,458
Weighted average interest rate:
At end of period		2.45	%		1.48	%		0.85	%
During the period		2.00	%		1.31	%		2.34	%

Junior Subordinated Debentures – At December 31, 2018, the Company had four issues of junior subordinated debentures outstanding totaling $21.0 million as shown in the table below.

Description	Liquidation Amount Trust Preferred Securities		Issuance Date	Interest Rate (1)	Junior Subordinated Debt and Investment in Trust		Maturity Date
(dollars in thousands)
Statutory Trust I	$	3,000	2/13/2004	3-month LIBOR + 2.85%	$	3,093	2/13/2034
Statutory Trust II		5,000	2/13/2004	3-month LIBOR + 2.85%		5,155	2/13/2034
Statutory Trust III		3,000	4/15/2004	3-month LIBOR + 2.79%		3,093	4/15/2034
Statutory Trust IV		10,000	12/14/2006	3-month LIBOR + 1.67%		10,435	3/1/2037
	$	21,000			$	21,776

(1) As of December 31, 2018, the 3-month LIBOR was 2.80%.

The trust preferred securities are subject to mandatory redemption, in whole or in part, upon repayment of the subordinated debentures at maturity or their earlier redemption at the liquidation preference. The subordinated debentures are redeemable before the maturity date at our option at their principal amount plus accrued interest.

The Company has the option to defer interest payments on the subordinated debentures from time to time for a period not to exceed 20 consecutive quarters. A deferral period may begin at the Company’s discretion so long as interest payments are current.

On June 29, 2016, the Company began deferring interest payments on the junior subordinated debentures held by our trust subsidiaries, requiring the trust subsidiaries to defer distributions on the trust preferred securities held by investors. Deferred distributions on the $21.0 million of trust preferred securities outstanding totaled $1.2 million at December 31, 2017. In June 2018, the Company paid all deferred interest payments and brought interest current. At December 31, 2018, the Company is current on all interest payments.

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The Federal Reserve Board rules allow trust preferred securities issued prior to May 19, 2010 to be included in Tier 1 capital, subject to quantitative and qualitative limits. Currently, no more than 25% of our Tier 1 capital can consist of trust preferred securities and qualifying perpetual preferred stock. To the extent the amount of our trust preferred securities exceeds the 25% limit, the excess would be includable in Tier 2 capital. As of December 31, 2018, the Company’s trust preferred securities totaled 21% of its Tier 1 capital and 10% of its Tier 2 capital.

Each of the trusts issuing the trust preferred securities holds junior subordinated debentures issued with an original maturity of 30 years. In the last five years before the junior subordinated debentures mature, the associated trust preferred securities are excluded from Tier 1 capital and included in Tier 2 capital. In addition, the trust preferred securities during this five-year period are amortized out of Tier 2 capital by one-fifth each year and excluded from Tier 2 capital completely during the year before maturity.

Senior Debt – On June 30, 2017, the Company entered into a $10.0 million senior secured loan agreement with a commercial bank. The loan matures on June 30, 2022. Interest is payable quarterly at a rate of three-month LIBOR plus 250 basis points through June 30, 2020, at which time quarterly principal payments of $250,000 plus interest will commence. The loan is secured by a first priority pledge of 100% of the issued and outstanding stock of the Bank. The Company may prepay any amount due under the promissory note at any time without premium or penalty.

The Company contributed $9.0 million of the borrowing proceeds to the Bank as common equity Tier 1 capital. The remaining $1.0 million of the borrowing proceeds were retained by the lender in escrow to service quarterly interest payments. At December 31, 2018, the escrow account had a balance of $417,000.

The loan agreement contains customary representations, warranties, covenants and events of default, including the following financial covenants: (i) the Company must maintain minimum cash on hand of not less than $2,500,000, (ii) the Company must maintain a total risk based capital ratio at least equal to 10% of risk-weighted assets, (iii) the Bank must maintain a total risk based capital ratio at least equal to 11% of risk-weighted assets, and (iv) non-performing assets of the Bank may not exceed 2.5% of the Bank’s total assets. Both the Company and Bank were in compliance with the covenants as of December 31, 2018.

Liquidity

Liquidity risk arises from the possibility the Company may not be able to satisfy current or future financial commitments, or may become unduly reliant on alternative funding sources. The objective of liquidity risk management is to ensure that we meet the cash flow requirements of depositors and borrowers, as well as operating cash needs, taking into account all on- and off-balance sheet funding demands. Liquidity risk management also involves ensuring that cash flow needs are met at a reasonable cost. Management maintains an investment and funds management policy, which identifies the primary sources of liquidity, establishes procedures for monitoring and measuring liquidity, and establishes minimum liquidity requirements in compliance with regulatory guidance. The Asset Liability Committee regularly monitors and reviews our liquidity position.

Funds are available to the Bank from a number of sources, including the sale of securities in the available for sale investment portfolio, principal pay-downs on loans and mortgage-backed securities, customer deposit inflows, and other wholesale funding.

The Bank also borrows from the FHLB to supplement funding requirements. At December 31, 2018, the unused borrowing capacity with the FHLB was $42.7 million. Advances are collateralized by first mortgage residential loans and borrowing capacity is based on the underlying book value of eligible pledged loans.

The Bank also has available on an unsecured basis federal funds borrowing line from a correspondent bank totaling $5.0 million. Management believes the sources of liquidity are adequate to meet expected cash needs for the foreseeable future. Historically, the Bank has also utilized brokered and wholesale deposits to supplement its funding strategy. At December 31, 2018, the Bank had no brokered deposits.

The Company uses cash on hand to service senior debt, service junior subordinated debentures, and to provide for operating cash flow needs. The Company also may issue common equity, preferred equity and debt to support cash flow needs and liquidity requirements. At December 31, 2018, cash on hand totaled $5.4 million, of which, $417,000 is held in escrow by the Company’s senior debt holder to service interest payments.

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Capital 

Stockholders’ equity increased $19.4 million to $92.1 million at December 31, 2018, compared with $72.7 million at December 31, 2017. The increase was due primarily to the $14.9 million issuance of common stock completed during the first quarter of 2018, as well as current year net income $8.8 million, offset by the $3.5 million repurchase of the Company’s series E and F preferred shares and the other comprehensive loss for the year of $1.3 million.

The Company completed a private placement of common stock on March 30, 2018. In the transaction, the Company issued 150,000 common shares and 1.0 million non-voting common shares to Patriot Financial Partners III, L.P. at $13.00 per share resulting in net proceeds of $14.9 million of which $5.0 million was contributed as capital to the Bank. The balance of proceeds was maintained by the Company for general corporate purposes and to support the growth of the Bank.

The following table shows the ratios of Tier 1 capital, common equity Tier 1, and total capital to risk-adjusted assets and the leverage ratios (excluding the capital conservation buffer) for the Bank at December 31, 2018:

	Regulatory Minimums			Well-Capitalized Minimums			Limestone Bank
Tier 1 capital		6.0	%		8.0	%		11.83	%
Common equity Tier 1 capital		4.5			6.5			11.83
Total risk-based capital		8.0			10.0			12.88
Tier 1 leverage ratio		4.0			5.0			9.60

Failure to meet minimum capital requirements could result in additional discretionary actions by regulators that, if taken, could have a materially adverse effect on our financial condition.

Each of the federal bank regulatory agencies has established risk-based capital requirements for banking organizations. The Basel III regulatory capital reforms became effective for the Company and Bank on January 1, 2015, and include new minimum risk-based capital and leverage ratios. These rules refine the definition of what constitutes “capital” for purposes of calculating those ratios, including the definitions of Tier 1 capital and Tier 2 capital. The final rules allowed banks and their holding companies with less than $250 billion in assets a one-time opportunity to opt-out of a requirement to include unrealized gains and losses in accumulated other comprehensive income in their capital calculation. The Company and the Bank opted out of this requirement. The rules also establish a “capital conservation buffer” of 2.5% above the regulatory minimum risk-based capital ratios. Once the capital conservation buffer is fully phased in, the minimum ratios are a common equity Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 7.0%, a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 8.5%, and a total risk-based capital ratio of 10.5%. The phase-in of the capital conservation buffer requirement began in January 2016 at 0.625% of risk-weighted assets and increases each year until fully implemented at 2.5% of risk-weighted assets in January 2019. An institution is subject to limitations on paying dividends, engaging in share repurchases and paying discretionary bonuses if capital levels fall below minimum levels plus the buffer amounts. These limitations establish a maximum percentage of eligible retained income that could be utilized for such actions.

Off Balance Sheet Arrangements 

In the normal course of business, the Bank enters into various transactions, which, in accordance with GAAP, are not included in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. The Bank enter into these transactions to meet the financing needs of its customers. These transactions include commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit, which involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit risk and interest rate risk in excess of the amounts recognized in the consolidated balance sheets.

The commitments associated with outstanding standby letters of credit and commitments to extend credit as of December 31, 2018 are summarized below. Since commitments associated with letters of credit and commitments to extend credit may expire unused, the amounts shown do not necessarily reflect our actual future cash funding requirements:

	One year or less		More than 1 year but less than 3 years		3 years or more but less than 5 years		5 years or more		Total
	(dollars in thousands)
Commitments to extend credit	$	41,109	$	28,102	$	7,854	$	19,922	$	96,987
Standby letters of credit		916		1,376		1		—		2,293
Total	$	42,025	$	29,478	$	7,855	$	19,922	$	99,280

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Standby Letters of Credit – Standby letters of credit are written conditional commitments the Bank issues to guarantee the performance of a borrower to a third party. If the borrower does not perform in accordance with the terms of the agreement with the third party, the Bank may be required to fund the commitment. The maximum potential amount of future payments the Bank could be required to make is represented by the contractual amount of the commitment. If the commitment is funded, the Bank would be entitled to seek recovery from the borrower. The Bank’s policies generally require that standby letter of credit arrangements be underwritten in a manner consistent with a loan of similar characteristics.

Commitments to Extend Credit – The Bank enters into contractual commitments to extend credit, normally with fixed expiration dates or termination clauses, at specified rates and for specific purposes. Substantially all of the Bank’s commitments to extend credit are contingent upon borrowers maintaining specific credit standards at the time of loan funding. The Bank minimizes our exposure to loss under these commitments by subjecting them to credit approval and monitoring procedures.

Risk Participation Agreements – In connection with the purchase of loan participations, the Bank has entered into risk participation agreements, which had notional amounts totaling $26.6 million at December 31, 2018 and $19.8 million at December 31, 2017.

Contractual Obligations 

The following table summarizes our contractual obligations and other commitments to make future payments as of December 31, 2018:

	One year or less		More than 1 year but less than 3 years		3 years or more but less than 5 years		5 years or more		Total
	(dollars in thousands)
Time deposits	$	256,745	$	176,682	$	17,459	$	—	$	450,886
FHLB borrowing (1)		45,172		1,190		159		28		46,549
Junior subordinated debentures		—		—		—		21,000		21,000
Senior debt		—		500		9,500		—		10,000
Total	$	301,917	$	178,372	$	27,118	$	21,028	$	528,435

(1) Fixed rate borrowings with rates ranging from 0% to 5.24%, and maturities ranging from 2019 through 2033, averaging 2.45%.

Impact of Inflation and Changing Prices

The financial statements and related data presented herein have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, which require the measurement of financial position and operating results in historical dollars without considering changes in the relative purchasing power of money over time due to inflation.

The Bank has an asset and liability structure that is essentially monetary in nature. As a result, interest rates have a more significant impact on performance than the effects of general levels of inflation. Periods of high inflation are often accompanied by relatively higher interest rates, and periods of low inflation are accompanied by relatively lower interest rates. As market interest rates rise or fall in relation to the rates earned on loans and investments, the value of these assets decreases or increases respectively.

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Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

To minimize the volatility of net interest income and exposure to economic loss that may result from fluctuating interest rates, the Bank manages its exposure to adverse changes in interest rates through asset and liability management activities within guidelines established by the Asset Liability Committee (“ALCO”). The ALCO, which is comprised of senior officers, has the responsibility for approving and ensuring compliance with asset/liability management policies. Interest rate risk is the exposure to adverse changes in the net interest income as a result of market fluctuations in interest rates. The ALCO, on an ongoing basis, monitors interest rate and liquidity risk in order to implement appropriate funding and balance sheet strategies. Management considers interest rate risk to be our most significant market risk.

The Company utilizes an earnings simulation model to analyze net interest income sensitivity. It then evaluates potential changes in market interest rates and their subsequent effects on net interest income. The model projects the effect of instantaneous movements in interest rates of both 100 and 200 basis points that are sustained for one year. Assumptions based on the historical behavior of our deposit rates and balances in relation to changes in interest rates are also incorporated into the model. These assumptions are inherently uncertain and, as a result, the model cannot precisely measure future net interest income or precisely predict the impact of fluctuations in market interest rates on net interest income. Actual results may differ from the model’s simulated results due to timing, magnitude and frequency of interest rate changes as well as changes in market conditions and the application and timing of various management strategies.

Given an instantaneous 100 basis point increase in interest rates, the base net interest income would increase by an estimated 2.0% at December 31, 2018 compared with an increase of 0.9% at December 31, 2017.

The following table indicates the estimated impact on net interest income under various interest rate scenarios for the year ended December 31, 2018, as calculated using the static shock model approach:

	Change in Future Net Interest Income
	Dollar Change			Percentage Change
	(dollars in thousands)
+ 200 basis points	$	1,272			3.9	%
+ 100 basis points		660			2.0
- 100 basis points		(1,258	)		(3.8	)
- 200 basis points		(1,816	)		(5.5	)

Implementation of strategies to mitigate the risk of changing interest rates in the future, could lessen our forecasted “base case” net interest income in the event of no interest rate changes. Interest sensitivity at any point in time will be affected by a number of factors. These factors include the mix of interest sensitive assets and liabilities as well as their relative pricing schedules. It is also influenced by market interest rates, deposit growth, loan growth, deposit decay rates and asset prepayment speed assumptions.

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The following table sets forth the amounts of our interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities outstanding at December 31, 2018, which management anticipates, based upon certain assumptions, to reprice or mature in each of the future time periods shown. The projected repricing of assets and liabilities anticipates prepayments and scheduled rate adjustments, as well as contractual maturities under an interest rate unchanged scenario within the selected time intervals. While management believes such assumptions are reasonable, management cannot provide assurance that assumed repricing rates will approximate actual future activity.

	Volume Subject to Repricing Within
	0 – 90 Days			91 – 181 Days			182 – 365 Days			1 – 5 Years			Over 5 Years			Non- Interest Sensitive			Total
	(dollars in thousands)
Assets:
Federal funds sold and short-term investments	$	28,398		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	28,398
Investment securities		74,699			4,899			15,837			62,997			44,326			(1,566	)		201,192
FHLB stock		7,233			—			—			—			—			—			7,233
Loans, net of allowance		308,143			45,716			90,951			263,552			56,882			(8,880	)		756,364
Fixed and other assets		—			—			—			—			—			76,505			76,505
Total assets	$	418,373		$	50,615		$	106,788		$	326,549		$	101,208		$	66,059		$	1,069,692
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Interest-bearing checking, savings, and money market accounts	$	300,727		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	300,727
Certificates of deposit		78,549			61,157			116,509			194,407			264			—			450,886
Borrowed funds		76,032			281			302			892			42			—			77,549
Other liabilities		—			—			—			—			—			148,433			148,433
Stockholders’ equity		—			—			—			—			—			92,097			92,097
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	455,308		$	61,438		$	116,811		$	195,299		$	306		$	240,530		$	1,069,692
Period gap	$	(36,835	)	$	(10,823	)	$	(10,023	)	$	131,250		$	100,902
Cumulative gap	$	(36,835	)	$	(47,658	)	$	(57,681	)	$	73,569		$	174,471
Period gap to total assets		(3.44	)%		(1.01	)%		(0.94	)%		12.27	%		9.43	%
Cumulative gap to total assets		(3.44	)%		(4.46	)%		(5.39	)%		6.88	%		16.31	%
Cumulative interest-earning assets to cumulative interest-bearing liabilities		91.91	%		90.78	%		90.90	%		108.88	%		121.04	%

The one-year cumulative gap position as of December 31, 2018 was negative $57.7 million or 5.4% of total assets. This is a one-day position that is continually changing and is not necessarily indicative of the Company’s position at any other time. Any gap analysis has inherent shortcomings because certain assets and liabilities may not move proportionally as interest rates change.

47

Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

The following consolidated financial statements and reports are included in this section:

       Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2018 and 2017

Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Years Ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the Years Ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016

Consolidated Statements of Change in Stockholders’ Equity for the Years Ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

48

MANAGEMENT’S REPORT ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING

The Management of Limestone Bancorp, Inc. (the “Company”) is responsible for the preparation, integrity, and fair presentation of the Company’s annual consolidated financial statements. All information has been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles and, as such, includes certain amounts that are based on Management’s best estimates and judgments.

Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting presented in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the Company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the Company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Two of the objectives of internal control are to provide reasonable assurance to Management and the Board of Directors that transactions are properly authorized and recorded in the Company’s financial records, and that the preparation of the Company’s financial statements and other financial reporting is done in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. There are inherent limitations in the effectiveness of internal control, including the possibility of human error and the circumvention or overriding of controls. Accordingly, even effective internal control can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to reliability of financial statements. Furthermore, internal control can vary with changes in circumstances.

Management has made its own assessment of the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2018, in relation to the criteria described in the report, Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013), issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”).

Based on its assessment, Management believes that as of December 31, 2018, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting was effective in achieving the objectives stated above. Crowe LLP has provided its report on the audited 2018 consolidated financial statements and on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting in their report dated March 8, 2019.

John T. Taylor

Chief Executive Officer

Phillip W. Barnhouse

Chief Financial Officer

March 8, 2019

49

      Crowe LLP Independent Member Crowe Global

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

Shareholders and the Board of Directors of Limestone Bancorp, Inc.

Louisville, Kentucky

Opinions on the Financial Statements and Internal Control over Financial Reporting

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Limestone Bancorp, Inc. (the "Company") as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income (loss), changes in stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2018, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the "financial statements"). We also have audited the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2018, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework: (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).

In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2018 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.  Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2018, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework: (2013) issued by COSO.

Basis for Opinions

The Company’s management is responsible for these financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting.  Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements and an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audits.  We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) ("PCAOB") and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud, and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.

Our audits of the financial statements included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk.  Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances.  We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.  A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements.  Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. 

                            /s/ Crowe LLP

We have served as the Company's auditor since 1998.

Louisville, Kentucky

March 8, 2019

50

LIMESTONE BANCORP, INC.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

December 31,

(Dollar amounts in thousands except share data) 

	2018			2017
Assets
Cash and due from banks	$	6,963		$	8,137
Interest bearing deposits in banks		28,398			25,966
Cash and cash equivalents		35,361			34,103
Securities available for sale		201,192			152,720
Loans held for sale		—			70
Loans, net of allowance of $8,880 and $8,202, respectively		756,364			703,913
Premises and equipment, net		14,655			16,789
Premises held for sale		1,050			—
Other real estate owned		3,485			4,409
Federal Home Loan Bank stock		7,233			7,323
Bank owned life insurance		15,646			15,229
Deferred taxes, net		29,282			31,313
Accrued interest receivable and other assets		5,424			4,932
Total assets	$	1,069,692		$	970,801
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Deposits
Non-interest bearing	$	142,618		$	137,386
Interest bearing		751,613			709,638
Total deposits		894,231			847,024
Federal Home Loan Bank advances		46,549			11,797
Accrued interest payable and other liabilities		5,815			6,057
Subordinated capital note		—			2,250
Junior subordinated debentures		21,000			21,000
Senior debt		10,000			10,000
Total liabilities		977,595			898,128
Commitments and contingent liabilities (Note 15)		—			—
Stockholders’ equity
Preferred stock, no par
Series E - none and 6,198, respectively, issued and outstanding; Liquidation preference of $6.2 million		—			1,644
Series F - none and 4,304, respectively, issued and outstanding; Liquidation preference of $4.3 million		—			1,127
Total preferred stockholders’ equity		—			2,771
Common stock, no par, 39,000,000 shares authorized, 6,242,720 and 6,039,864 voting, and 1,220,000 and 220,000 non-voting shares issued and outstanding, respectively		140,639			125,729
Additional paid-in capital		24,287			24,497
Retained deficit		(66,201	)		(75,108	)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(6,628	)		(5,216	)
Total common stockholders’ equity		92,097			69,902
Total stockholders' equity		92,097			72,673
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	1,069,692		$	970,801

See accompanying notes.

51

LIMESTONE BANCORP, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

Years Ended December 31,

(Dollar amounts in thousands except per share data)

	2018			2017			2016
Interest income
Loans, including fees	$	37,342		$	31,866		$	30,537
Taxable securities		4,880			4,399			3,886
Tax exempt securities		383			571			620
Federal funds sold and other		856			686			559
		43,461			37,522			35,602
Interest expense
Deposits		7,549			5,190			5,093
Federal Home Loan Bank advances		867			120			70
Senior debt		389			194			—
Junior subordinated debentures		946			753			671
Subordinated capital note		39			148			147
		9,790			6,405			5,981
Net interest income		33,671			31,117			29,621
Negative provision for loan losses		(500	)		(800	)		(2,450	)
Net interest income after negative provision for loan losses		34,171			31,917			32,071
Non-interest income
Service charges on deposit accounts		2,355			2,253			1,958
Bank card interchange fees		1,831			1,521			1,303
Income from bank owned life insurance		437			412			417
Other real estate owned rental income		—			—			456
Net gain (loss) on sales and calls of investment securities		(6	)		288			216
Other		1,162			930			868
		5,779			5,404			5,218
Non-interest expense
Salaries and employee benefits		15,489			15,090			15,508
Occupancy and equipment		3,586			3,420			3,517
FDIC insurance		557			1,412			1,660
Data processing expense		1,192			1,256			1,185
Marketing expense		1,114			1,098			973
State franchise and deposit tax		1,118			956			965
Deposit account related expense		823			896			787
Professional fees		814			978			1,568
Communications		701			722			706
Insurance expense		478			540			565
Postage and delivery		364			395			359
Litigation and loan collection expense		245			179			8,805
Other real estate owned expense		868			1,973			1,541
Other		1,777			1,852			1,882
		29,126			30,767			40,021
Income (loss) before income taxes		10,824			6,554			(2,732	)
Income tax expense (benefit)		2,030			(31,899	)		21
Net income (loss)		8,794			38,453			(2,753	)
Basic and diluted income (loss) per common share	$	1.23		$	6.15		$	(0.46	)

See accompanying notes.

52

LIMESTONE BANCORP, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

Years Ended December 31,

(in thousands)

	2018			2017			2016
Net income (loss)	$	8,794		$	38,453		$	(2,753	)
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Unrealized gain (loss) on securities:
Unrealized gain (loss) arising during the period		(1,652	)		1,141			(1,917	)
Transfer of investment securities from held to maturity to available for sale		—			702			—
Amortization during the period of net unrealized loss transferred to held to maturity		—			119			129
Reclassification of adjustment for (gains) losses included in net income (loss)		6			(288	)		(216	)
Net unrealized gain/(loss) recognized in comprehensive income		(1,646	)		1,674			(2,004	)
Tax effect		347			(587	)		—
Other comprehensive income (loss)		(1,299	)		1,087			(2,004	)
Comprehensive income (loss)	$	7,495		$	39,540		$	(4,757	)

See accompanying notes.

53

LIMESTONE BANCORP, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Years Ended December 31, 2018

(Dollar amounts in thousands except share and per share data)

	Shares															Amount
	Preferred						Common									Preferred						Common
	Series E			Series F			Common			Non-Voting Common			Total Common			Series E			Series F			Common and Non-Voting Common		Additional Paid-In Capital			Retained Deficit			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss			Total
Balances, December 31, 2015		6,198			4,304			4,017,907			1,371,600			5,389,507		$	1,644		$	1,127		$	120,699	$	23,654		$	(110,808	)	$	(4,299	)	$	32,017
Issuances of unvested stock		—			—			35,465			—			34,465			—			—			—		—			—			—			—
Forfeited unvested stock		—			—			(1,972	)		—			(1,972	)		—			—			—		—			—			—			—
Reverse stock split rounding shares		—			—			1,533			—			1,533			—			—			—		—			—			—			—
Stock-based compensation expense		—			—			—			—			—			—			—			—		443			—			—			443
Net loss		—			—			—			—			—			—			—			—		—			(2,753	)		—			(2,753	)
Net change in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of taxes		—			—			—			—			—			—			—			—		—			—			(2,004	)		(2,004	)
Issuance of stock		—			—			580,000			220,000			800,000			—			—			5,030		—			—			—			5,030
Balances, December 31, 2016		6,198			4,304			4,632,933			1,591,600			6,224,533		$	1,644		$	1,127		$	125,729	$	24,097		$	(113,561	)	$	(6,303	)	$	32,733
Issuance of unvested stock		—			—			37,865			—			37,865			—			—			—		—			—			—			—
Forfeited unvested stock		—			—			(1,316	)		—			(1,316	)		—			—			—		—			—			—			—
Reverse stock split rounding shares		—			—			(1,218	)		—			(1,218	)		—			—			—		—			—			—			—
Stock-based compensation expense		—			—			—			—			—			—			—			—		400			—			—			400
Net income		—			—			—			—			—			—			—			—		—			38,453			—			38,453
Net change in accumulated other comprehensive income, net of taxes		—			—			—			—			—			—			—			—		—			—			1,087			1,087
Non-voting shares converted to voting		—			—			1,371,600			(1,371,600	)		—			—			—			—		—			—			—			—
Balances, December 31, 2017		6,198			4,304			6,039,864			220,000			6,259,864		$	1,644		$	1,127		$	125,729	$	24,497		$	(75,108	)	$	(5,216	)	$	72,673
Issuance of unvested stock		—			—			52,856			—			52,856			—			—			—		—			—			—			—
Issuance of stock		—			—			150,000			1,000,000			1,150,000			—			—			14,910		—			—			—			14,910
Redemption and retirement of preferred shares		(6,198	)		(4,304	)		—			—			—			(1,644	)		(1,127	)		—		(734	)		—			—			(3,505	)
Stock-based compensation expense		—			—			—			—			—			—			—			—		524			—			—			524
Net income		—			—			—			—			—			—			—			—		—			8,794			—			8,794
Reclassification of disproportionate tax effect due to change in federal tax rate		—			—			—			—			—			—			—			—		—			113			(113	)		—
Net change in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of taxes		—			—			—			—			—			—			—			—		—			—			(1,299	)		(1,299	)
Balances, December 31, 2018		—			—			6,242,720			1,220,000			7,462,720		$	—		$	—		$	140,639	$	24,287		$	(66,201	)	$	(6,628	)	$	92,097

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

54

LIMESTONE BANCORP, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS 

Years Ended December 31,

(in thousands)

	2018			2017			2016
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income (loss)	$	8,794		$	38,453		$	(2,753	)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash from operating activities
Depreciation and amortization		1,080			1,239			1,725
Negative provision for loan losses		(500	)		(800	)		(2,450	)
Net amortization on securities		865			1,246			1,297
Stock-based compensation expense		524			400			443
Deferred taxes, net		2,376			(31,899	)		—
Net gain on sales of loans held for sale		(1	)		(46	)		(86	)
Origination of loans held for sale		—			(2,859	)		(5,145	)
Proceeds from sales of loans held for sale		71			2,835			5,417
Net gain on sales of other real estate owned		(72	)		(74	)		(222	)
Net write-down of other real estate owned		850			1,963			1,180
Net realized (gain) loss on sales and calls of investment securities		6			(288	)		(216	)
Net (gain) loss on sale of premises and equipment		(692	)		3			(1	)
Impairment on transfer of premises to held for sale		392			—			—
Increase in cash surrender value of life insurance, net of premium expense		(417	)		(391	)		(397	)
Net change in accrued interest receivable and other assets		(491	)		2,079			(814	)
Net change in accrued interest payable and other liabilities		(155	)		(9,854	)		8,133
Net cash from operating activities		12,630			2,007			6,111
Cash flows from investing activities
Purchases of available for sale securities		(77,159	)		(21,112	)		(41,827	)
Proceeds from sales and calls of available for sale securities		6,054			41,686			8,311
Proceeds from maturities and prepayments of available for sale securities		20,116			21,838			22,876
Proceeds from calls of held to maturity securities		—			47			—
Proceeds from maturities of held to maturity securities		—			145			—
Proceeds from sale of other real estate owned		876			793			12,438
Proceeds from mandatory redemption of Federal Home Loan Bank stock		90			—			—
Net changes in loans		(52,885	)		(73,202	)		(22,368	)
Proceeds from sale of premises and equipment		1,590			331			268
Purchases of premises and equipment		(1,168	)		(284	)		(464	)
Purchase of bank owned life insurance		—			—			(5,000	)
Net cash from investing activities		(102,486	)		(29,758	)		(25,766	)
Cash flows from financing activities
Net change in deposits		47,207			(2,901	)		(28,072	)
Payment of Federal Home Loan Bank advances		(120,248	)		(55,661	)		(623	)
Advances from Federal Home Loan Bank		155,000			45,000			20,000
Payment of subordinated capital note		(2,250	)		(900	)		(900	)
Proceeds from senior debt		—			10,000			—
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net		14,910			—			2,231
Redemption of preferred stock		(3,505	)		—			—
Net cash from financing activities		91,114			(4,462	)		(7,364	)
Net change in cash and cash equivalents		1,258			(32,213	)		(27,019	)
Beginning cash and cash equivalents		34,103			66,316			93,335
Ending cash and cash equivalents	$	35,361		$	34,103		$	66,316
Supplemental cash flow information:
Interest paid	$	10,607		$	5,665		$	5,253
Income taxes paid (refunded)		—			—			21
Supplemental non-cash disclosure:
Proceeds from common stock issuance directed by investors to pay junior subordinated debt interest	$	—			—			2,799
Transfer from loans to other real estate		730		$	270		$	1,273
Transfer from premises and equipment to premises and equipment held for sale		1,050			—			—
Financed sales of other real estate owned		—			—			270
Transfer from held to maturity to available for sale securities		—			41,380			—
AOCI component of transfer from held to maturity to available for sale, net of tax		—			456			—

See accompanying notes.

55

LIMESTONE BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016

NOTE 1 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Nature of Operations and Principles of Consolidation – The consolidated financial statements include Limestone Bancorp, Inc. (Company) and its subsidiary, Limestone Bank (Bank). The Company owns a 100% interest in the Bank.

The Company provides financial services through its offices in Central and South Central Kentucky, Lexington and Louisville. Its primary deposit products are checking, savings, and term certificate accounts, and its primary lending products are residential mortgage, commercial, agricultural, and real estate loans. Substantially all loans are collateralized by specific items of collateral including business assets and real estate. Commercial loans are expected to be repaid from cash flow from operations of businesses. There are no significant concentrations of loans to any one industry or customer. However, borrowers’ ability to repay their loans is dependent on the real estate and general economic conditions in the area. Other financial instruments which potentially represent concentrations of credit risk include deposit accounts in other financial institutions, federal funds sold, municipal securities, collateralized loan obligations, corporate securities, and bank owned life insurance.

Use of Estimates – To prepare financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, management makes estimates and assumptions based on available information. These estimates and assumptions affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and the disclosures provided, and future results could differ.

Cash and Cash Equivalents – For the purpose of presentation in the statements of cash flows, the Company considers all cash and amounts due from depository institutions as well as interest bearing deposits in banks that mature within one year and are carried at cost to be cash equivalents. Included in cash and due from banks and interest bearing deposits are amounts required to be held at the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis or maintained in vault cash in accordance with regulatory reserve requirements. The balance requirements were $7.4 million and $11.0 million at December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

Securities – Debt securities are classified as held to maturity and carried at amortized cost when management has the intent and ability to hold them to maturity. Debt securities are classified as available for sale when they might be sold before maturity. Securities available for sale are carried at fair value, with unrealized holding gains and losses reported in other comprehensive income.

Interest income includes amortization of purchase premium or discount. Premiums and discounts on securities are amortized on the level-yield method anticipating prepayments on mortgage backed securities. Gains and losses on sales are recorded on the trade date and determined using the specific identification method.

Management evaluates securities for other-than-temporary impairment (“OTTI”) on at least a quarterly basis, and more frequently when economic or market conditions warrant such an evaluation. For securities in an unrealized loss position, management considers the extent and duration of the unrealized loss, and the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer. Management also assesses whether it intends to sell, or it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell, a security in an unrealized loss position before recovery of its amortized cost basis. If either of the criteria regarding intent or requirement to sell is met, the entire difference between amortized cost and fair value is recognized as impairment through earnings. For debt securities that do not meet the aforementioned criteria, the amount of impairment is split into 1) OTTI related to credit loss, which is recognized in the income statement and 2) OTTI related to other factors, which is recognized in other comprehensive income. The credit loss is defined as the difference between the present value of the cash flows expected to be collected and the amortized cost basis.

Loans Held for Sale – Loans held for sale include residential mortgage loans originated for sale into the secondary market and are carried at the lower of aggregate cost or fair value, as determined by outstanding commitments from investors. Net unrealized losses, if any, are recorded as a valuation allowance and charged to earnings.

Mortgage loans held for sale are generally sold with servicing rights released. If sold with servicing retained, the carrying value of mortgage loans sold is reduced by the amount allocated to the servicing right. Gains and losses on sales of mortgage loans are based on the difference between the selling price and the carrying value of the related loan sold.

Mortgage banking derivatives used in the ordinary course of business consist of mandatory forward sales contracts and rate lock loan commitments. Forward contracts represent future commitments to deliver loans at a specified price and date and are used to manage interest rate risk on loan commitments and mortgage loans held for sale. Rate lock commitments represent commitments to fund loans at a specific rate. These derivatives involve underlying items, such as interest rates, and are designed to transfer risk. Substantially all of these instruments expire within 60 days from the date of issuance. Notional amounts are amounts on which calculations and payments are based, but which do not represent credit exposure, as credit exposure is limited to the amounts required to be received or paid. Commitments to deliver loans and rate lock loan commitments were insignificant at year end.

56

Loans – Loans that management has the intent and ability to hold for the foreseeable future or until maturity or payoff are reported at the principal balance outstanding, net of deferred loan fees and costs, and an allowance for loan losses. Interest income is accrued on the unpaid principal balance. Loan origination fees, net of certain direct origination costs, are deferred and recognized in interest income using the level-yield method without anticipating prepayments. The recorded investment in loans includes the outstanding principal balance and unamortized deferred origination costs and fees.

Interest income recognition on mortgage and commercial loans is discontinued at the time the loan is 90 days delinquent unless the loan is well collateralized and in process of collection. Consumer loans are typically charged off no later than 90 days past due. Past due status is based on the contractual terms of the loan. In all cases, loans are placed on nonaccrual or charged off at an earlier date if collection of principal or interest is not expected.

All interest accrued but not received for loans placed on nonaccrual is reversed against interest income. Interest received on such loans is accounted for on the cash-basis or cost-recovery method, until qualifying for return to accrual. Loans are returned to accrual status when all the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future payments are reasonably assured.

Allowance for Loan Losses – The allowance for loan losses is a valuation allowance for probable incurred credit losses. Loan losses are charged against the allowance when management believes the uncollectability of a loan balance is confirmed. Subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance. Management estimates the allowance balance required using past loan loss experience, the nature and volume of the portfolio, information about specific borrower situations and estimated collateral values, economic conditions, and other factors. Allocations of the allowance may be made for specific loans, but the entire allowance is available for any loan that, in management’s judgment, should be charged off.

The allowance consists of specific and general components. The specific component relates to loans that are individually classified as impaired. A loan is deemed impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Bank will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Loans for which the terms have been modified resulting in a concession, and for which the borrower is experiencing financial difficulties, are considered troubled debt restructurings and treated as impaired.

Factors considered in determining impairment include payment status, collateral value, and the probability of collecting scheduled principal and interest payments when due. Loans that experience insignificant payment delays and payment shortfalls generally are not classified as impaired. The significance of payment delays and payment shortfalls is determined on a case-by-case basis, taking into consideration all of the circumstances surrounding the loan and the borrower, including the length of the delay, the reasons for the delay, the borrower’s prior payment record, and the amount of the shortfall in relation to the principal and interest owed.

If a loan is impaired, a portion of the allowance is allocated so that the loan is reported, net, at the present value of estimated future cash flows using the loan’s existing rate or at the fair value of collateral if repayment is expected solely from the collateral. Large groups of smaller balance homogeneous loans, such as consumer and residential real estate loans, are collectively evaluated for impairment and are not separately identified for impairment disclosures. Troubled debt restructurings are separately identified for impairment disclosures and are measured at the present value of estimated future cash flows using the loan’s effective rate at inception. If a troubled debt restructuring is considered to be a collateral dependent loan, the loan is reported at the fair value of the collateral. For troubled debt restructurings that subsequently default, the amount of reserve is determined in accordance with the accounting policy for the allowance for loan losses.

The general component covers non-impaired loans and is based on historical loss experience adjusted for current factors. The historical loss experience is determined by portfolio segment and is based on actual loss history experienced over the most recent five years with equal weighting. This actual loss experience is supplemented with other economic factors based on the risks present for each portfolio segment. These economic factors include consideration of the following: changes in lending policies, procedures, and practices; effects of any change in risk selection and underwriting standards; national and local economic trends and conditions; industry conditions; trends in volume and terms of loans; experience, ability and depth of lending management and other relevant staff; levels of and trends in delinquencies and impaired loans; levels of and trends in charge-offs and recoveries; and effects of changes in credit concentrations.

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A portfolio segment is defined as the level at which an entity develops and documents a systematic methodology to determine its allowance for loan losses. Management identified the following portfolio segments: commercial, commercial real estate, residential real estate, consumer, agricultural, and other.

● Commercial loans are made to businesses and depend on the strength of the industries, related borrowers, and cash flow from the businesses. Commercial loans are advances for equipment purchases, or to provide working capital, or to meet other financing needs of business enterprises. These loans may be secured by accounts receivable, inventory, equipment or other business assets. Financial information is obtained from the borrowers to evaluate their ability to repay the loans.

● Commercial real estate loans are affected by the local commercial real estate market and the local economy. Commercial real estate loans include loans on commercial properties occupied by borrowers and/or tenants. Construction and development loans are a component of this segment. These loans are generally secured by land under development or homes and commercial buildings under construction. Loans secured by farmland are also a component of this segment. Appraisals are obtained to support the loan amount. Financial information is obtained from the borrowers and/or the individual project to evaluate cash flows sufficiency to service the debt.

● Residential real estate loans are affected by the local residential real estate market, local economy, and, for variable rate mortgages, movement in indices tied to these loans. For owner occupied residential loans, the borrowers’ repayment ability is evaluated through a review of credit scores and debt to income ratios. For non-owner occupied residential loans, such as rental real estate, financial information is obtained from the borrowers and/or the individual project to evaluate cash flows sufficiency to service the debt. Appraisals are obtained to support the loan amount.

● Consumer loans depend on local economies. Consumer loans are generally unsecured, but may be secured by consumer assets. Management evaluates the borrowers’ repayment ability through a review of credit scores and an evaluation of debt to income ratios. Consumer loans may be for consumer goods purchases, cash flow needs, or for student loans or student debt refinances.

● Agriculture loans depend on the industries tied to these loans and are generally secured by livestock, crops, and/or equipment, but may be unsecured. Management evaluates the borrowers’ repayment ability through financial and business performance review.

● Other loans include loans to municipalities, loans secured by stock, and overdrafts. For municipal loans, management evaluates the borrowers’ revenue streams as well as ability to repay form general funds. For loans secured by stock, management evaluates the market value of the stock securing the loan in relation to the loan amount. Overdrafts are funded based on pre-established criteria related to the deposit account relationship.

Management analyzes key relevant risk characteristics for each portfolio segment having determined that loans in each segment possess similar general risk characteristics that are analyzed in connection with loan underwriting processes and procedures. In determining the allocated allowance, the weighted average loss rates over the most recent five years are used with equal weighting. Commercial real estate qualitative adjustment considerations include trends in the markets for underlying collateral values, risks related to tenant rents, and economic factors such as decreased sales demand, elevated inventory levels, and declining collateral values. Residential real estate loan considerations include macro economic factors such as unemployment rates, trends in vacancy rates, and home value trends. The commercial and agricultural portfolio qualitative adjustments are related to economic and portfolio performance trends. The agricultural, consumer and other portfolios are less significant in terms of size and risk is assessed based on the smaller dollar size of these loans and the geographical areas where the collateral is located.

Transfers of Financial Assets – Transfers of financial assets are accounted for as sales, when control over the assets has been relinquished. Control over transferred assets is deemed to be surrendered when the assets have been isolated from the Company, the transferee obtains the right (free of conditions that constrain it from taking advantage of that right) to pledge or exchange the transferred assets, and the Company does not maintain effective control over the transferred assets through an agreement to repurchase them before their maturity.

Other Real Estate Owned (“OREO”) – Assets acquired through or instead of loan foreclosure are initially recorded at fair value less estimated costs to sell when acquired, establishing a new cost basis. These assets are subsequently accounted for at the lower of cost or fair value, less estimated costs to sell. If fair value declines subsequent to foreclosure, a write-down is recorded through expense. Costs after acquisition are expensed.

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Premises and Equipment – Land is carried at cost. Premises and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Buildings and related components are depreciated using the straight-line method with useful lives generally ranging from 5 to 40 years. Furniture, fixtures and equipment are depreciated using the straight-line or accelerated method with useful lives generally ranging from 2 to 10 years.

Premises and equipment held for sale are recorded at fair value less estimated cost to sell at the time of transfer based upon independent third party appraisal. If fair value declines subsequent to transfer, write-downs are recorded through expense.

Premises and equipment are reviewed for impairment when events indicate their carrying amount may not be recoverable from future undiscounted cash flows. If impaired, the assets are recorded at fair value through a charge to earnings.

Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) Stock – The Bank is a member of the FHLB system. Members are required to own a certain amount of stock based on the level of borrowings and other factors, and may invest in additional amounts. FHLB stock is carried at cost, classified as a restricted security, and periodically evaluated for impairment. Because this stock is viewed as long term investment, impairment is based on ultimate recovery of par value. Both cash and stock dividends are reported as income.

Bank Owned Life Insurance – The Bank has purchased life insurance policies on certain key executives. Company owned life insurance is recorded at the amount that can be realized under the insurance contract at the balance sheet date, which is the cash surrender value adjusted for other charges or other amounts due that are probable at settlement.

Benefit Plans – Employee 401(k) plan expense is the amount of matching contributions. Deferred compensation and supplemental retirement plan expense allocates the benefits over years of service.

Stock-Based Compensation – Compensation cost is recognized for unvested stock awards issued to employees, based on the fair value of these awards at the date of grant. The market price of the Corporation’s common stock at the date of grant is used for restricted stock awards. Compensation cost is recognized over the required service period, generally defined as the vesting period. For awards with graded vesting, compensation cost is recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period for the entire award.

Income Taxes – Income tax expense is the total of the current year income tax due or refundable and the change in deferred tax assets and liabilities. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are the expected future tax amounts for the temporary differences between carrying amounts and tax bases of assets and liabilities, computed using enacted tax rates. A valuation allowance, if needed, reduces deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.

A tax position is recognized as a benefit only if it is "more likely than not" that the tax position would be sustained in a tax examination, with a tax examination being presumed to occur. The amount recognized is the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being realized on examination. For tax positions not meeting the "more likely than not" test, no tax benefit is recorded. The Company recognizes interest and/or penalties related to income tax matters in income tax expense.

Loan Commitments and Related Financial Instruments – Financial instruments include off-balance sheet credit instruments, such as commitments to make loans and commercial letters of credit, issued to meet customer-financing needs. The face amount for these items represents the exposure to loss, before considering customer collateral or ability to repay. Such financial instruments are recorded when they are funded.

Comprehensive Income (Loss) – Comprehensive loss consists of net income (loss) and other comprehensive income (loss). Other comprehensive income (loss) includes unrealized gains and losses on securities available for sale, which are also recognized as a separate component of equity.

Earnings (Loss) Per Common Share – Basic earnings (loss) per common share are net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders divided by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings (loss) per common share include the dilutive effect, if any, of additional potential common shares issuable under stock options, warrants, and any convertible securities. Earnings (loss) and dividends per share are restated for all stock splits and dividends through the date of issue of the financial statements.

Earnings (Loss) Allocated to Participating Securities – The Company has issued and outstanding unvested common shares to employees and directors through the stock incentive plan. Earnings (loss) are allocated to these participating securities based on their percentage of total issued and outstanding shares.

Loss Contingencies – Loss contingencies, including claims and legal actions arising in the normal course of business, are recorded as liabilities when the likelihood of loss is probable and an amount or range of loss can be reasonably estimated.

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Dividend Restrictions – Banking regulations require maintaining certain capital levels and may limit the dividends paid by the Bank to the Company or by the Company to shareholders.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments – Fair values of financial instruments are estimated using relevant market information and other assumptions. Fair value estimates involve uncertainties and matters of significant judgment regarding interest rates, credit risk, prepayments, and other factors, especially in the absence of broad markets for particular items. Changes in assumptions or in market conditions could significantly affect the estimates.

Derivative Instruments – Derivative Instruments are carried at fair value and reflect the estimated amounts that would have been received to terminate these contracts at the reporting date based upon pricing or valuation models applied to current market information.

As part of the asset/liability management program, the Company utilizes, from time to time, risk participation agreements to reduce its sensitivity to changing interest rates. These are derivative instruments, which are recorded as assets or liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets at fair value. Changes in the fair values of derivatives are reported in the consolidated statements of operations or other comprehensive income (“OCI”) depending on the use of the derivative and whether the instrument qualifies for hedge accounting. The key criterion for the hedge accounting is that the hedged relationship must be found to be effective as determined by FASB ASC 815 Derivatives and Hedging.

Derivatives that qualify for the hedge accounting treatment are designated as either: a hedge of the fair value of the recognized asset or liability or of an unrecognized commitment (a fair value hedge) or a hedge of a forecasted transaction or the variability of cash flows to be received or paid related to a recognized asset or liability (a cash flow hedge). To date, the Company has not entered into a cash flow hedge. For cash flow hedges, changes in the fair values of the derivative instruments are reported in OCI to the extent the hedge is effective. The gains and losses on derivative instruments that are reported in OCI are reflected in the consolidated statements of income in the periods in which the results of operations are impacted by the variability of the cash flows of the hedged item. Generally, net interest income is increased or decreased by amounts receivable or payable with respect to the derivatives, which qualify for hedge accounting. At inception of the hedge, a Company must establish the method it uses for assessing the effectiveness of the hedging derivative and the measurement approach for determining the ineffective aspect of the hedge. The ineffective portion of the hedge, if any, is recognized currently in the consolidated statements of operations and time value expiration of the hedge when measuring ineffectiveness is excluded.

The risk participation agreements are not designated against specific assets or liabilities under ASC 815, and, therefore, do not qualify for hedge accounting. The derivatives are recorded on the balance sheet at fair value and changes in fair value of both the borrower and the offsetting swap agreements are recorded (and essentially offset) in non-interest income. The fair value of the derivative instruments incorporates a consideration of credit risk in accordance with ASC 820, resulting in some volatility in earnings each period.

New Accounting Standards – In May 2014, FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) (“ASC 606”). The ASU provides guidance on revenue recognition for entities that enter into contracts with customers to transfer goods or services or enter into contracts for the transfer of nonfinancial assets. The core principle of the guidance is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The majority of the Company’s revenues come from interest income and other sources, including loans and securities that are outside the scope of ASC 606. The Company’s services that fall within the scope of ASC 606 are presented in non-interest income and are recognized as revenue as the Company satisfies its obligation to the customer. Services within the scope of ASC 606 include service charges on deposit accounts, bank card interchange income, and the sale of OREO. Additional disclosures are required to provide quantitative and qualitative information regarding the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. The new guidance became effective for the Company on January 1, 2018. The impact of adopting this new guidance did not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements, but did result in additional disclosures, which have been incorporated into “Note 19 – Revenue from Contracts with Customers.”

In January 2016, the FASB issued an update ASU No. 2016-01, Financial Instruments – Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities. The amendments in this update impact public business entities as follows: 1) Require equity investments (except those accounted for under the equity method of accounting or those that result in consolidation of the investee) to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income. 2) Simplify the impairment assessment of equity investments without readily determinable fair values by requiring a qualitative assessment to identify impairment. When a qualitative assessment indicates that impairment exists, an entity is required to measure the investment at fair value. 3) Eliminate the requirement to disclose the methods and significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value that is required to be disclosed for financial instruments measured at amortized cost on the balance sheet. 4) Require entities to use the exit price notion when measuring the fair value of financial instruments for disclosure purposes. 5) Require an entity to present separately in other comprehensive income the portion of the total change in fair value of a liability resulting from a change in the instrument-specific credit risk when the entity has elected to measure the liability at fair value in accordance with the fair value option for financial instruments. 6) Require separate presentation of financial assets and financial liabilities by measurement category and form of financial asset (that is, securities or loans and receivables) on the balance sheet or the accompanying notes to the financial statements. 7) Clarify that an entity should evaluate the need for a valuation allowance on a deferred tax asset related to available-for-sale securities in combination with the entity’s other deferred tax assets. The amendments in this update became effective for the Company on January 1, 2018. The impact of adopting the new guidance did not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements, but did require additional disclosures. The additional disclosures have been incorporated into “Note 16 – Fair Values.”

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In February 2016, the FASB issued an update ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). Under the new guidance, lessees will be required to recognize the following for all leases, with the exception of short-term leases, at the commencement date: a lease liability, which is a lessee’s obligation to make lease payments arising from a lease, measured on a discounted basis; and a right-of-use asset, which is an asset that represents the lessee’s right to use, or control the use of, a specified asset for the lease term. Under the new guidance, lessor accounting in largely unchanged. The amendments in this update become effective for annual periods and interim periods within those annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018. Based on the Company’s existing lease agreements, the impact of adopting the new guidance on the consolidated financial statements was the recording of a lease liability and a right of use asset of approximately $700,000 on January 1, 2019.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. The final standard will change estimates for credit losses related to financial assets measured at amortized cost such as loans, held-to-maturity debt securities, and certain other contracts. For estimating credit losses, the FASB is replacing the incurred loss model with an expected loss model, which is referred to as the current expected credit loss (CECL) model. Under the CECL model, certain financial assets that are carried at amortized cost, such as loans held for investment and held-to-maturity debt securities, are required to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected. The measurement of expected credit losses is to be based on information about past events, including historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectability of the reported amount. This measurement will take place at the time the financial asset is first added to the balance sheet and periodically thereafter. This differs significantly from the “incurred loss” model required under current GAAP, which delays recognition until it is probable a loss has been incurred. The change could materially affect how the allowance for loan losses is determined. The standard is effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. As previously disclosed, management has formed a cross functional committee that has overseen the enhancement of existing technology required to source and model data for the purpose of meeting this standard. The committee has selected a vendor to assist in generating loan level cash flows and disclosures. The project plan is targeting data and model validation completion during the first half of 2019, with parallel processing the existing model with the CECL model for two to three quarters prior to implementation, depending on how model completion and validation occurs. During 2019, management is focused on refining assumptions and continued review and challenges to the model. Additionally, management is researching and resolving interpretive accounting issues in the ASU, contemplating various accounting policies, developing processes and related controls, and considering various reporting disclosures. The impact of CECL model implementation is being evaluated, but it is expected that a one-time cumulative-effect adjustment to the allowance for loan losses will be recognized in retained earnings on the consolidated balance sheet as of the beginning of the first reporting period in which the new standard is effective, as is consistent with regulatory expectations set forth in interagency guidance. The magnitude of any adjustment or the overall impact of the new standard on financial condition or results of operation cannot yet be determined; however, management expects to identify a range in the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2019. In December 2018, the OCC, The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, and the FDIC approved a final rule to address changes to the credit loss accounting under GAAP, including banking organizations’ implementation of CECL. The final rule provides banking organizations the option to phase in over a three-year period the day-one adverse effects on regulatory capital that may result from adoption of the new accounting standard.

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-08, Receivables – Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs (Subtopic 310-20): Premium Amortization of Purchased Callable Debt Securities. The final standard will shorten the amortization period for premiums on callable debt securities by requiring that premiums be amortized to the first (or earliest) call date instead of as an adjustment to the yield over the contractual life. The standard is effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018. Adoption of this new guidance will not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.

In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-02, Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects From Other Comprehensive Income. The final standard allows institutions to elect to reclassify the stranded tax effects from AOCI to retained earnings, limited to amounts in AOCI that are affected by the tax reform law. This includes re-measuring deferred tax assets and liabilities related to items presented in AOCI at the newly enacted tax rate and on other income tax effects of items remaining in AOCI. The standard is effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods during 2018. Early adoption was permitted. The Company adopted the standard on January 1, 2018 and adoption did not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements as it resulted in a $113,000 entry between AOCI and retained deficit.

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NOTE 2 – SECURITIES

Securities are classified as available for sale (AFS). AFS securities may be sold if needed for liquidity, asset liability management, or other reasons. AFS securities are reported at fair value, with unrealized gains or losses included as a separate component of equity, net of tax.

The amortized cost and fair value of securities and the related gross unrealized gains and losses recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) were as follows:

	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value
December 31, 2018	(in thousands)
Available for sale
U.S. Government and federal agency	$	23,280	$	2	$	(722	)	$	22,560
Agency mortgage-backed: residential		87,689		192		(1,891	)		85,990
Collateralized loan obligations		49,942		—		(103	)		49,839
State and municipal		32,841		230		(259	)		32,812
Corporate bonds		9,890		127		(26	)		9,991
Total available for sale	$	203,642	$	551	$	(3,001	)	$	201,192

	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value
December 31, 2017	(in thousands)
Available for sale
U.S. Government and federal agency	$	22,105	$	2	$	(483	)	$	21,624
Agency mortgage-backed: residential		65,935		117		(1,087	)		64,965
Collateralized loan obligations		25,343		182		(20	)		25,505
State and municipal		33,303		508		(101	)		33,710
Corporate bonds		6,838		78		—			6,916
Total available for sale	$	153,524	$	887	$	(1,691	)	$	152,720

In 2013, the Bank transferred a portion of its tax-free municipal and taxable municipal bond portfolios from AFS to held to maturity (HTM). At that time, the transfer occurred at fair value with the unrealized loss of $1.3 million remaining in other comprehensive income. That unrealized loss was subsequently amortized on the level yield method out of other comprehensive income with an offsetting entry reducing interest income as a yield adjustment through earnings. No gain or loss was recorded at the time of transfer in 2013. Given the Bank’s balance sheet composition, interest rate risk profile, the tax environment, and the Bank’s strategic plan, management reassessed the classification of the HTM securities and, effective December 1, 2017, transferred $41.4 million of tax-free municipals and taxable municipals from HTM to AFS. As a result, the $702,000 in remaining unamortized loss from the 2013 transfer was reclassified through a book value adjustment of these securities. At December 31, 2017, these securities were carried at fair value with unrealized holding gains and losses reported in other comprehensive income, net of tax, with the remaining securities classified as AFS.

Sales and calls of securities were as follows:

	2018		2017		2016
	(in thousands)
Proceeds	$	6,054	$	41,733	$	8,311
Gross gains		—		449		245
Gross losses		6		161		29

The tax provision related to net gains and losses realized on sales was an income tax benefit of $1,000 for 2018 and an income tax expense of $101,000, and $76,000 for 2017 and 2016, respectively.

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The amortized cost and fair value of our debt securities are shown by contractual maturity. Expected maturities may differ from actual maturities when borrowers have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. Mortgage-backed securities not due at a single maturity date are shown separately. 

	December 31, 2018
	Amortized Cost		Fair Value
	(in thousands)
Maturity
Available for sale
Within one year	$	27,583	$	27,662
One to five years		75,548		74,964
Five to ten years		12,822		12,576
Agency mortgage-backed: residential		87,689		85,990
Total	$	203,642	$	201,192

Securities pledged at year-end 2018 and 2017 had carrying values of approximately $64.4 million and $76.8 million, respectively, and were pledged to secure public deposits.

At December 31, 2018 and 2017, the Bank held securities issued by the Commonwealth of Kentucky or Kentucky municipalities having a book value of $15.3 million and $15.4 million, respectively. At year-end 2018, there were no other holdings of securities of any one issuer, other than the U.S. Government and its agencies, in an amount greater than 10% of stockholders’ equity.

The Bank owns Collateralized Loan Obligations (CLOs), which are debt securities secured by professionally managed portfolios of senior-secured loans to corporations. CLO managers are typically large non-bank financial institutions or banks and are typically $300 million to $1 billion in size, contain one hundred or more loans and have five to six credit tranches ranging from AAA, AA, A, BBB, BB, B and equity tranche. Interest and principal are paid first to the AAA tranche then to the next lower rated tranche. Losses are borne first by the equity tranche then by the subsequently higher rated tranche. CLOs may be less liquid than government securities from time to time and volatility in the CLO market may cause the value of these investments to decline.

The market value of CLOs may be affected by, among other things, changes in composition of the underlying loans, changes in the cash flows from the underlying loans, defaults and recoveries on the underlying loans, capital gains and losses on the underlying loans, and prepayments on the underlying loans.

At December 31, 2018, $33.1 million and $16.7 million of our CLOs were AA and A rated, respectively. There were no CLOs rated below A and none of the CLOs were subject to ratings downgrade in 2018. All of our CLOs are floating rate, with rates set on a quarterly basis at three month LIBOR plus a spread.

The Company evaluates securities for other-than-temporary impairment at least on a quarterly basis, and more frequently when economic or market concerns warrant such evaluation. Consideration is given to the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been less than cost, the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer, underlying credit quality of the issuer, and the intent and ability of the Company to retain its investment in the issuer for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in fair value. In analyzing an issuer’s financial condition, the Company may consider whether the securities are issued by the federal government or its agencies, whether downgrades by bond rating agencies have occurred, the sector or industry trends and cycles affecting the issuer, and the results of reviews of the issuer’s financial condition. As of December 31, 2018, management does not believe any securities in the portfolio with unrealized losses should be classified as other than temporarily impaired.

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Securities with unrealized losses at December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, aggregated by investment category and length of time the individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, are as follows:

	Less than 12 Months					12 Months or More					Total
Description of Securities	Fair Value		Unrealized Loss			Fair Value		Unrealized Loss			Fair Value		Unrealized Loss
	(in thousands)
2018
Available for sale
U.S. Government and federal agency	$	3,431	$	(57	)	$	17,212	$	(665	)	$	20,643	$	(722	)
Agency mortgage-backed: residential		30,229		(343	)		40,932		(1,548	)		71,161		(1,891	)
Collateralized loan obligations		48,294		(103	)		—		—			48,294		(103	)
State and municipal		6,133		(29	)		7,252		(230	)		13,385		(259	)
Corporate Bonds		3,569		(26	)		—		—			3,569		(26	)
Total temporarily impaired	$	91,656	$	(558	)	$	65,396	$	(2,443	)	$	157,052	$	(3,001	)

	Less than 12 Months					12 Months or More					Total
Description of Securities	Fair Value		Unrealized Loss			Fair Value		Unrealized Loss			Fair Value		Unrealized Loss
	(in thousands)
2017
Available for sale
U.S. Government and federal agency	$	5,788	$	(97	)	$	14,121	$	(386	)	$	19,909	$	(483	)
Agency mortgage-backed: residential		21,104		(172	)		27,158		(915	)		48,262		(1,087	)
Collateralized loan obligations		6,038		(20	)		—		—			6,038		(20	)
State and municipal		7,492		(101	)		—		—			7,492		(101	)
Total temporarily impaired	$	40,422	$	(390	)	$	41,279	$	(1,301	)	$	81,701	$	(1,691	)

NOTE 3 – LOANS

Loans net of unearned income, deferred loan origination costs, and net premiums on acquired loans by class were as follows:

	2018			2017
	(in thousands)
Commercial	$	129,368		$	113,771
Commercial Real Estate:
Construction		86,867			57,342
Farmland		77,937			88,320
Nonfarm nonresidential		172,177			156,724
Residential Real Estate:
Multi-family		49,757			56,588
1-4 Family		175,761			179,222
Consumer		39,104			18,439
Agriculture		33,737			41,154
Other		536			555
Subtotal		765,244			712,115
Less: Allowance for loan losses		(8,880	)		(8,202	)
Loans, net	$	756,364		$	703,913

64

The following table presents the activity in the allowance for loan losses by portfolio segment for the year ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016:

	Commercial			Commercial Real Estate			Residential Real Estate			Consumer			Agriculture			Other			Total
December 31, 2018:	(in thousands)
Beginning balance	$	892		$	4,032		$	2,900		$	64		$	313		$	1		$	8,202
Provision (negative provision)		196			(192	)		(599	)		92			6			(3	)		(500	)
Loans charged off		(50	)		(198	)		(252	)		(95	)		(13	)		(8	)		(616	)
Recoveries		261			1,034			403			69			15			12			1,794
Ending balance	$	1,299		$	4,676		$	2,452		$	130		$	321		$	2		$	8,880

	Commercial			Commercial Real Estate			Residential Real Estate			Consumer			Agriculture			Other			Total
December 31, 2017:	(in thousands)
Beginning balance	$	475		$	4,894		$	3,426		$	8		$	162		$	2		$	8,967
Provision (negative provision)		363			(1,223	)		(129	)		(8	)		213			(16	)		(800	)
Loans charged off		(5	)		(58	)		(692	)		(51	)		(95	)		–			(901	)
Recoveries		59			419			295			115			33			15			936
Ending balance	$	892		$	4,032		$	2,900		$	64		$	313		$	1		$	8,202
December 31, 2016:
Beginning balance	$	818		$	6,993		$	3,984		$	122		$	122		$	2		$	12,041
Provision (negative provision)		(401	)		(2,438	)		749			(314	)		(56	)		10			(2,450	)
Loans charged off		(276	)		(505	)		(1,652	)		(99	)		(18	)		(79	)		(2,629	)
Recoveries		334			844			345			299			114			69			2,005
Ending balance	$	475		$	4,894		$	3,426		$	8		$	162		$	2		$	8,967

The following table presents the balance in the allowance for loan losses and the recorded investment in loans by portfolio segment and based on the impairment method as of December 31, 2018:

	Commercial		Commercial Real Estate		Residential Real Estate		Consumer		Agriculture		Other		Total
	(in thousands)
Allowance for loan losses:
Ending allowance balance attributable to loans:
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	–	$	35	$	168	$	–	$	–	$	–	$	203
Collectively evaluated for impairment		1,299		4,641		2,284		130		321		2		8,677
Total ending allowance balance	$	1,299	$	4,676	$	2,452	$	130	$	321	$	2	$	8,880
Loans:
Loans individually evaluated for impairment	$	53	$	510	$	2,348	$	–	$	–	$	–	$	2,911
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment		129,315		336,471		223,170		39,104		33,737		536		762,333
Total ending loans balance	$	129,368	$	336,981	$	225,518	$	39,104	$	33,737	$	536	$	765,244

65

The following table presents the balance in the allowance for loan losses and the recorded investment in loans by portfolio segment and based on the impairment method as of December 31, 2017:

	Commercial		Commercial Real Estate		Residential Real Estate		Consumer		Agriculture		Other		Total
	(in thousands)
Allowance for loan losses:
Ending allowance balance attributable to loans:
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	13	$	–	$	206	$	–	$	–	$	–	$	219
Collectively evaluated for impairment		879		4,032		2,694		64		313		1		7,983
Total ending allowance balance	$	892	$	4,032	$	2,900	$	64	$	313	$	1	$	8,202
Loans:
Loans individually evaluated for impairment	$	587	$	2,635	$	3,950	$	1	$	–	$	–	$	7,173
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment		113,184		299,751		231,860		18,438		41,154		555		704,942
Total ending loans balance	$	113,771	$	302,386	$	235,810	$	18,439	$	41,154	$	555	$	712,115

Impaired Loans

Impaired loans include restructured loans and loans on nonaccrual or classified as doubtful, whereby collection of the total amount is improbable, or loss, whereby all or a portion of the loan has been written off or a specific allowance for loss had been provided.

The following table presents information related to loans individually evaluated for impairment by class of loan as of and for the year ended December 31, 2018:

	Unpaid Principal Balance		Recorded Investment		Allowance For Loan Losses Allocated		Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized		Cash Basis Income Recognized
	(in thousands)
With No Related Allowance Recorded:
Commercial	$	120	$	53	$	—	$	125	$	1	$	1
Commercial real estate:
Construction		—		—		—		—		—		—
Farmland		1,860		89		—		1,156		525		360
Nonfarm nonresidential		402		262		—		327		19		—
Residential real estate:
Multi-family		—		—		—		—		—		—
1-4 Family		2,678		1,628		—		1,964		164		111
Consumer		12		—		—		1		—		—
Agriculture		—		—		—		—		7		6
Other		—		—		—		—		—		—
Subtotal		5,072		2,032		—		3,573		716		478
With An Allowance Recorded:
Commercial		—		—		—		60		3		—
Commercial real estate:
Construction		—		—		—		—		—		—
Farmland		—		—		—		—		—		—
Nonfarm nonresidential		159		159		35		100		—		—
Residential real estate:
Multi-family		—		—		—		—		—		—
1-4 Family		720		720		168		1,111		44		—
Consumer		—		—		—		—		—		—
Agriculture		—		—		—		—		—		—
Other		—		—		—		—		—		—
Subtotal		879		879		203		1,271		47		—
Total	$	5,951	$	2,911	$	203	$	4,844	$	763	$	478

66

The following table presents information related to loans individually evaluated for impairment by class of loan as of and for the year ended December 31, 2017:

	Unpaid Principal Balance		Recorded Investment		Allowance For Loan Losses Allocated		Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized		Cash Basis Income Recognized
	(in thousands)
With No Related Allowance Recorded:
Commercial	$	703	$	487	$	—	$	495	$	7	$	7
Commercial real estate:
Construction		—		—		—		—		—		—
Farmland		3,687		2,059		—		2,651		210		210
Nonfarm nonresidential		1,047		576		—		716		59		47
Residential real estate:
Multi-family		—		—		—		820		—		—
1-4 Family		4,293		2,787		—		2,884		143		143
Consumer		9		1		—		2		2		2
Agriculture		—		—		—		24		1		1
Other		—		—		—		—		—		—
Subtotal		9,739		5,910		—		7,592		422		410
With An Allowance Recorded:
Commercial		100		100		13		100		7		—
Commercial real estate:
Construction		—		—		—		—		—		—
Farmland		—		—		—		235		—		—
Nonfarm nonresidential		—		—		—		238		14		—
Residential real estate:
Multi-family		—		—		—		—		—		—
1-4 Family		1,163		1,163		206		1,404		68		—
Consumer		—		—		—		—		—		—
Agriculture		—		—		—		24		—		—
Other		—		—		—		—		—		—
Subtotal		1,263		1,263		219		2,001		89		—
Total	$	11,002	$	7,173	$	219	$	9,593	$	511	$	410

67

The following table presents information related to loans individually evaluated for impairment by class of loan as of and for the year ended December 31, 2016:

	Unpaid Principal Balance		Recorded Investment		Allowance For Loan Losses Allocated		Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized		Cash Basis Income Recognized
	(in thousands)
With No Related Allowance Recorded:
Commercial	$	707	$	495	$	—	$	758	$	39	$	39
Commercial real estate:
Construction		—		—		—		156		9		—
Farmland		5,566		3,742		—		4,188		94		95
Nonfarm nonresidential		4,502		1,219		—		4,699		310		189
Residential real estate:
Multi-family		4,100		4,100		—		2,608		287		1
1-4 Family		4,663		2,910		—		5,509		162		94
Consumer		41		1		—		7		8		8
Agriculture		—		—		—		73		28		28
Other		—		—		—		—		—		—
Subtotal		19,579		12,467		—		17,998		937		454
With An Allowance Recorded:
Commercial		100		100		13		20		6		—
Commercial real estate:
Construction		—		—		—		—		—		—
Farmland		614		590		5		358		—		—
Nonfarm nonresidential		303		303		30		398		23		—
Residential real estate:
Multi-family		—		—		—		2,506		101		—
1-4 Family		1,676		1,611		350		1,659		111		—
Consumer		—		—		—		—		—		—
Agriculture		78		60		1		39		—		—
Other		—		—		—		—		—		—
Subtotal		2,771		2,664		399		4,980		241		—
Total	$	22,350	$	15,131	$	399	$	22,978	$	1,178	$	454

Troubled Debt Restructuring

A troubled debt restructuring (TDR) occurs when the Bank has agreed to a loan modification in the form of a concession for a borrower who is experiencing financial difficulty. The Bank’s TDRs typically involve a reduction in interest rate, a deferral of principal for a stated period of time, or an interest only period. All TDRs are considered impaired and the Bank has allocated reserves for these loans to reflect the present value of the concessionary terms granted to the borrower.

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The following table presents the types of TDR loan modifications by portfolio segment outstanding as of December 31, 2018 and 2017:

	TDRs Performing to Modified Terms		TDRs Not Performing to Modified Terms		Total TDRs
	(in thousands)
December 31, 2018
Commercial Real Estate:
Nonfarm nonresidential
Rate reduction	$	190	$	—	$	190
Residential Real Estate:
1-4 Family
Rate reduction		720		—		720
Total TDRs	$	910	$	—	$	910
December 31, 2017
Commercial
Rate reduction	$	—	$	33	$	33
Principal deferral		—		434		434
Commercial Real Estate:
Farmland
Principal deferral		—		1,362		1,362
Nonfarm nonresidential
Rate reduction		483		—		483
Residential Real Estate:
1-4 Family
Rate reduction		734		—		734
Total TDRs	$	1,217	$	1,829	$	3,046

At December 31, 2018 and 2017, 100% and 40%, respectively, of the Company’s TDRs were performing according to their modified terms. The Company allocated $168,000 and $122,000 as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, in reserves to customers whose loan terms have been modified in TDRs. The Company has committed to lend no additional amounts to customers as of December 31, 2018 or 2017 with outstanding loans that are classified as TDRs.

Management periodically reviews renewals and modifications of previously identified TDRs, for which there was no principal forgiveness, to consider if it is appropriate to remove the TDR classification. If the borrower is no longer experiencing financial difficulty and the renewal/modification did not contain a concessionary interest rate or other concessionary terms, management considers the potential removal of the TDR classification. If deemed appropriate based upon current underwriting, the TDR classification is removed as the borrower has complied with the terms of the loan at the date of renewal/modification and there was a reasonable expectation that the borrower would continue to comply with the terms of the loan subsequent to the date of the renewal/modification. In this instance, the TDR was originally considered a restructuring in a prior year as a result of a modification with an interest rate that was not commensurate with the risk of the underlying loan. Additionally, TDR classification can be removed in circumstances in which the Company performs a non-concessionary re-modification of the loan at terms that were considered to be at market for loans with comparable risk. Management expects the borrower will continue to perform under the re-modified terms based on the borrower’s past history of performance.

No TDR loan modifications occurred during the twelve months ended December 31, 2018, 2017, or 2016. During the year ended December, 31 2018, 2017, and 2016, no TDRs defaulted on their restructured loan within the twelve-month period following the loan modification. A default is considered to have occurred once the TDR is past due 90 days or more or it has been placed on nonaccrual.

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Non-performing Loans

Non-performing loans include impaired loans and smaller balance homogeneous loans, such as residential mortgage and consumer loans, that are collectively evaluated for impairment. The following table presents the recorded investment in nonaccrual and loans past due 90 days and still on accrual by class of loan as of December 31, 2018 and 2017:

	Nonaccrual				Loans Past Due 90 Days And Over Still Accruing
	2018		2017		2018		2017
	(in thousands)
Commercial	$	53	$	487	$	—	$	—
Commercial Real Estate:
Construction		—		—		—		—
Farmland		249		2,059		—		—
Nonfarm nonresidential		61		93		—		—
Residential Real Estate:
Multi-family		—		—		—		—
1-4 Family		1,628		2,817		—		—
Consumer		—		1		—		—
Agriculture		—		—		—		1
Other		—		—		—		—
Total	$	1,991	$	5,457	$	—	$	1

The following table presents the aging of the recorded investment in past due loans by class as of December 31, 2018 and 2017:

	30 – 59 Days Past Due		60 – 89 Days Past Due		90 Days And Over Past Due		Nonaccrual		Total Past Due And Nonaccrual
	(in thousands)
December 31, 2018
Commercial	$	39	$	—	$	—	$	53	$	92
Commercial Real Estate:
Construction		—		—		—		—		—
Farmland		244		107		—		249		600
Nonfarm nonresidential		—		52		—		61		113
Residential Real Estate:
Multi-family		—		—		—		—		—
1-4 Family		1,299		137		—		1,628		3,064
Consumer		8		35		—		—		43
Agriculture		3		—		—		—		3
Other		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	1,593	$	331	$	—	$	1,991	$	3,915

70

	30 – 59 Days Past Due		60 – 89 Days Past Due		90 Days And Over Past Due		Nonaccrual		Total Past Due And Nonaccrual
	(in thousands)
December 31, 2017
Commercial	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	487	$	487
Commercial Real Estate:
Construction		—		—		—		—		—
Farmland		593		—		—		2,059		2,652
Nonfarm nonresidential		—		—		—		93		93
Residential Real Estate:
Multi-family		—		—		—		—		—
1-4 Family		850		126		—		2,817		3,793
Consumer		30		45		—		1		76
Agriculture		5		—		1		—		6
Other		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	1,478	$	171	$	1	$	5,457	$	7,107

Credit Quality Indicators

Management categorizes all loans into risk categories at origination based upon original underwriting. Thereafter, management categorizes loans into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt such as current financial information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, public information, and current economic trends. Additionally, loans are analyzed through internal and external loan review processes. Borrower relationships in excess of $500,000 are routinely analyzed through credit administration processes which classify the loans as to credit risk. The following definitions are used for risk ratings:

Watch – Loans classified as watch are those loans which have or may experience a potentially adverse development which necessitates increased monitoring.

Special Mention – Loans classified as special mention do not have all of the characteristics of substandard or doubtful loans. They have one or more deficiencies which warrant special attention and which corrective action, such as accelerated collection practices, may remedy.

Substandard – Loans classified as substandard are those loans with clear and defined weaknesses such as a highly leveraged position, unfavorable financial ratios, uncertain repayment sources or poor financial condition which may jeopardize the repayment of the debt as contractually agreed. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Bank will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected.

Doubtful – Loans classified as doubtful are those loans which have characteristics similar to substandard loans but with an increased risk that collection or liquidation in full is highly questionable and improbable.

71

Loans not meeting the criteria above that are analyzed individually as part of the above described process are considered to be “Pass” rated loans. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, and based on the most recent analysis performed, the risk category of loans by class of loans is as follows:

	Pass		Watch		Special Mention		Substandard		Doubtful		Total
	(in thousands)
December 31, 2018
Commercial	$	129,106	$	141	$	—	$	121	$	—	$	129,368
Commercial Real Estate:
Construction		86,867		—		—		—		—		86,867
Farmland		74,054		2,741		—		1,142		—		77,937
Nonfarm nonresidential		169,551		1,983		—		643		—		172,177
Residential Real Estate:
Multi-family		44,697		5,060		—		—		—		49,757
1-4 Family		169,342		2,209		113		4,097		—		175,761
Consumer		38,768		11		—		325		—		39,104
Agriculture		32,683		1,019		—		35		—		33,737
Other		536		—		—		—		—		536
Total	$	745,604	$	13,164	$	113	$	6,363	$	—	$	765,244

	Pass		Watch		Special Mention		Substandard		Doubtful		Total
	(in thousands)
December 31, 2017
Commercial	$	112,978	$	84	$	—	$	709	$	—	$	113,771
Commercial Real Estate:
Construction		57,342		—		—		—		—		57,342
Farmland		76,563		7,607		—		4,150		—		88,320
Nonfarm nonresidential		152,004		2,906		—		1,814		—		156,724
Residential Real Estate:
Multi-family		47,121		9,467		—		—		—		56,588
1-4 Family		169,774		3,535		164		5,749		—		179,222
Consumer		18,042		306		—		91		—		18,439
Agriculture		38,654		1,810		—		690		—		41,154
Other		555		—		—		—		—		555
Total	$	673,033	$	25,715	$	164	$	13,203	$	—	$	712,115

NOTE 4 – PREMISES AND EQUIPMENT

Year-end premises and equipment were as follows:

	2018			2017
	(in thousands)
Land and buildings	$	19,999		$	23,124
Furniture and equipment		11,283			10,151
		31,282			33,275
Accumulated depreciation		(16,627	)		(16,486	)
	$	14,655		$	16,789

During 2018, the Company recognized a $692,000 gain on sale of a subdivided lot at the Company’s headquarters. The gain on sale is included in other non-interest income.

In connection with the completion of a core system conversion in December 2018, management approved the closure of the Bank’s central data processing facility. As a result, the data processing facility was transferred to Premises Held for Sale at fair value, as determined by an independent third party appraisal, less estimated cost to sell. The transfer to held for sale resulted in a $392,000 impairment charge, which is included in other non-interest income. The carrying value is $1.1 million at December 31, 2018.

72

Depreciation expense was $833,000, $955,000 and $1.1 million for 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

NOTE 5 – OTHER REAL ESTATE OWNED

Other real estate owned (OREO) is real estate acquired as a result of foreclosure or by deed in lieu of foreclosure. It is classified as real estate owned until such time as it is sold. When property is acquired as a result of foreclosure or by deed in lieu of foreclosure, it is recorded at its fair market value less estimated cost to sell. Any write-down of the property at the time of acquisition is charged to the allowance for loan losses.

Fair value of OREO is determined on an individual property basis. When foreclosed properties are acquired, management obtains a new appraisal of the subject property or has staff from the Bank’s special assets group evaluate the latest in-file appraisal in connection with the transfer to OREO. Updated appraisals are typically obtained within five quarters of the anniversary date of ownership unless a sale is imminent. Subsequent reductions in fair value are recorded as non-interest expense when a new appraisal indicates a decline in value or in cases where a marketing price is lowered below the appraised amount. 

The following table presents the major categories of OREO at the period-ends indicated:

	2018		2017
	(in thousands)
Commercial Real Estate:
Construction, land development, and other land	$	3,485	$	4,335
Farmland		—		74
	$	3,485	$	4,409

Residential loans secured by 1-4 family residential properties in the process of foreclosure totaled $771,000 and $616,000 at December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively.

Activity relating to OREO during the years indicated is as follows:

	2018			2017			2016
	(in thousands)
OREO Activity
OREO as of January 1	$	4,409		$	6,821		$	19,214
Real estate acquired		730			270			1,273
Valuation adjustment write-downs		(850	)		(1,963	)		(1,180	)
Net gain on sale		72			74			222
Proceeds from sale of properties		(876	)		(793	)		(12,708	)
OREO as of December 31	$	3,485		$	4,409		$	6,821

Expenses related to OREO include:

	2018			2017			2016
	(in thousands)
Net gain on sales	$	(72	)	$	(74	)	$	(222	)
Valuation adjustment write-downs		850			1,963			1,180
Operating expense		90			84			583
Total	$	868		$	1,973		$	1,541

NOTE 6 – DEPOSITS

The following table details deposits by category:

	December 31, 2018		December 31, 2017
	(in thousands)
Non-interest bearing	$	142,618	$	137,386
Interest checking		94,269		99,383
Money market		171,924		151,388
Savings		34,534		34,632
Certificates of deposit		450,886		424,235
Total	$	894,231	$	847,024

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Time deposits of $250,000 or more were approximately $28.1 million and $31.7 million at year-end 2018 and 2017, respectively.

Scheduled maturities of total time deposits for each of the next five years are as follows (in thousands):

	Total
2019	$	256,745
2020		171,043
2021		5,639
2022		6,523
2023		10,936
	$	450,886

NOTE 7 – ADVANCES FROM FEDERAL HOME LOAN BANK

At year-end, advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank were as follows:

	December 31,		December 31,
	2018		2017
	(in thousands)
Short term advances (fixed rates 2.47% to 2.52%) maturing January 2019	$	45,000	$	10,000
Long term advances (fixed rates 0.00% to 5.24%) maturing April 2020 to August 2033		1,549		1,797
Total advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank	$	46,549	$	11,797

FHLB advances had a weighted-average rate of 2.45% at December 31, 2018 and 1.48% at December 31, 2017. Each advance is payable per terms on agreement, with a prepayment penalty. No prepayment penalties were incurred during 2018 or 2017. The advances were collateralized by approximately $130.4 million and $130.9 million of first mortgage loans, under a blanket lien arrangement at December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively. At December 31, 2018, our additional borrowing capacity with the FHLB was $42.7 million.

Scheduled principal payments during the next five years and thereafter (in thousands):

	Advances
2019	$	45,172
2020		471
2021		719
2022		100
2023		59
Thereafter		28
	$	46,549

At year-end 2018, the Company had a $5.0 million federal funds line of credit available on an unsecured basis from a correspondent institution.

NOTE 8 – JUNIOR SUBORDINATED DEBENTURES

The junior subordinated debentures are redeemable at par prior to maturity at the option of the Company as defined within the trust indenture. The Company has the option to defer interest payments on the junior subordinated debentures from time to time for a period not to exceed 20 consecutive quarters. A deferral period may begin at the Company’s discretion so long as interest payments are current. The Company is prohibited from paying dividends on preferred and common shares when interest payments are in deferral.

On June 29, 2016, the Company notified the trustees of its election to defer interest payments effective with the third quarter 2016 payment. The deferral period ends after the second quarter of 2021. After 20 consecutive quarters, the Company must pay all deferred distributions to avoid default. Dividends accrued and unpaid on our junior subordinated debentures totaled $1.2 million at December 31, 2017. In June 2018, the Company paid all deferred interest payments and brought interest current. At December 31, 2018, the Company is current on all interest payments.

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A summary of the junior subordinated debentures is as follows:

Description	Issuance Date	Interest Rate (1)	Junior Subordinated Debt Owed To Trust		Maturity Date (2)
Statutory Trust I	2/13/2004	3-month LIBOR + 2.85%	$	3,000,000	2/13/2034
Statutory Trust II	2/13/2004	3-month LIBOR + 2.85%		5,000,000	2/13/2034
Statutory Trust III	4/15/2004	3-month LIBOR + 2.79%		3,000,000	4/15/2034
Statutory Trust IV	12/14/2006	3-month LIBOR + 1.67%		10,000,000	3/01/2037
			$	21,000,000

(1) As of December 31, 2018, the 3-month LIBOR was 2.80%.

(2) The debentures are callable at the Company’s option at their principal amount plus accrued interest.

NOTE 9 – SENIOR DEBT

On June 30, 2017, the Company entered into a $10.0 million senior secured loan agreement with a commercial bank. The loan matures on June 30, 2022. Interest is payable quarterly at a rate of three-month LIBOR plus 250 basis points through June 30, 2020, at which time quarterly principal payments of $250,000 plus interest will commence. The loan is secured by a first priority pledge of 100% of the issued and outstanding stock of the Bank. The Company may prepay any amount due under the promissory note at any time without premium or penalty.

The Company contributed $9.0 million of the borrowing proceeds to the Bank as common equity Tier 1 capital. The remaining $1.0 million of the borrowing proceeds were retained by the lender in escrow to service quarterly interest payments. At December 31, 2018, the escrow account had a balance of $417,000.

The loan agreement contains customary representations, warranties, covenants and events of default, including the following financial covenants: (i) the Company must maintain minimum cash on hand of not less than $2,500,000, (ii) the Company must maintain a total risk based capital ratio at least equal to 10% of risk-weighted assets, (iii) the Bank must maintain a total risk based capital ratio at least equal to 11% of risk-weighted assets, and (iv) non-performing assets of the Bank may not exceed 2.5% of the Bank’s total assets. Both the Company and Bank were in compliance with the covenants as of December 31, 2018.

NOTE 10 – OTHER BENEFIT PLANS

401(k) Plan – The Company's 401(k) Savings Plan allows employees to contribute up to the annual limits as determined by the Internal Revenue Service. For 2018, the Company matched 100% of the first 1% of compensation contributed and 50% of the next 5% contributed by employees. In 2017 and 2016, the Company matched 50% of the first 4% of compensation contributed. The Company, at its discretion, may make additional contributions. Total contributions made by the Company to the plan totaled approximately $347,000, $200,000 and $189,000 in 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan – The Company has a supplemental executive retirement plan covering certain executive officers. Under the plan, the Company pays each participant, or their beneficiary, a specific defined benefit amount over 10 years, beginning with the individual’s retirement or early termination of service for reasons other than cause. A liability is accrued for the obligation under these plans. The expense incurred for the plan was $77,000, $121,000 and $121,000 for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively. The related liability was $1.3 million at December 31, 2018 and 2017 and is included in other liabilities on the balance sheets.

In January 2018, the Company approved the termination of the plan effective January 31, 2018. As a result of the termination, the plan was liquidated with all benefits paid in a lump sum to the participants on February 1, 2019. No additional expenses were incurred as a result of the plan termination.

The Company purchased life insurance on the participants of the plan. The cash surrender value of all insurance policies was $15.6 million and $15.2 million at December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Income earned from the cash surrender value of life insurance totaled $437,000, $412,000 and $417,000 for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016, respectively.

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NOTE 11 – INCOME TAXES

Prior to 2017, the Company had a full valuation allowance against its net deferred tax asset which was established in 2011. During the fourth quarter of 2017, management concluded it was more-likely-than-not the asset would be utilized to reduce future taxes payable related to the future taxable income of the Company, and as such, reversed the valuation allowance. As a result of the conclusion to reverse the valuation allowance, the Company recorded an income tax benefit of $54.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2017.

On December 22, 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 was signed into law. Among other significant changes to the tax code, the new law lowered the federal corporate tax rate from 35% to 21% beginning in 2018. As a result, the Company revalued its net deferred tax asset at the new 21% rate. Due to this revaluation, the Company recorded a $20.3 million charge to income tax expense for the year ended December 31, 2017.

The combination of the reversal of the valuation allowance and the change in federal corporate tax rates, as well as income tax expense for the year, resulted in an income tax benefit of $31.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2017.

Income tax expense (benefit) was as follows:

	2018			2017			2016
	(in thousands)
Current	$	(346	)	$	—		$	21
Deferred		121			2,523			2,771
Net operating loss		2,255			(647	)		(4,009	)
Change in federal statutory rate		—			20,274			—
Change in valuation allowance		—			(54,049	)		1,238
	$	2,030		$	(31,899	)	$	21

Effective tax rates differ from federal statutory rate applied to income (loss) before income taxes due to the following:

	2018			2017			2016
	(in thousands)
Federal statutory rate		21	%		35	%		35	%
Federal statutory rate times financial statement income (loss)	$	2,273		$	2,294		$	(956	)
Effect of:
Valuation allowance		—			(54,049	)		1,238
Tax-exempt income		(80	)		(196	)		(211	)
Non-taxable life insurance income		(92	)		(144	)		(146	)
Restricted stock vesting		(115	)		(121	)		—
Change in federal statutory rate		—			20,274			—
Other, net		44			43			96
Total	$	2,030		$	(31,899	)	$	21

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Year-end deferred tax assets and liabilities were due to the following:

	2018		2017
	(in thousands)
Deferred tax assets:
Net operating loss carry-forward	$	23,390	$	25,645
Allowance for loan losses		1,865		1,723
OREO write-down		2,611		2,432
Alternative minimum tax credit carry-forward		346		692
Net assets from acquisitions		290		358
Net unrealized loss on securities		515		169
New market tax credit carry-forward		208		208
Nonaccrual loan interest		235		271
Accrued expenses		239		172
Deferred compensation		267		277
Other		241		241
		30,207		32,188
Deferred tax liabilities:
FHLB stock dividends		557		557
Fixed assets		94		68
Deferred loan costs		136		152
Other		138		98
		925		875
Net deferred tax assets	$	29,282	$	31,313

At December 31, 2018, the Company had net operating loss carryforwards (“NOLs”) of $111.4 million, which will begin to expire in 2031. As of December 31, 2018, a total of $346,000 in alternative minimum tax credit carry-forward was reclassified to other assets as it is currently refundable for the 2018 tax year.

The Company does not have any beginning and ending unrecognized tax benefits. The Company does not expect the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits to significantly increase or decrease in the next twelve months. There were no interest and penalties recorded in the income statement or accrued for the years ended December 31, 2018 or December 31, 2017 related to unrecognized tax benefits.

Under Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code, as amended (“Section 382”), the Company’s net operating loss carryforwards and other deferred tax assets can generally be used to offset future taxable income and therefore reduce federal income tax obligations. However, the Company's ability to use its NOLs would be limited if there was an “ownership change” as defined by Section 382. This would occur if shareholders owning (or deemed to own under the tax rules) 5% or more of the Company's voting and non-voting common shares increase their aggregate ownership of the Company by more than 50 percentage points over a defined period of time.

In 2015, the Company took two measures to preserve the value of its NOLs. First, the Company adopted a tax benefits preservation plan designed to reduce the likelihood of an “ownership change” occurring as a result of purchases and sales of the Company's common shares. Upon adoption of this plan, the Company declared a dividend of one preferred stock purchase right for each common share outstanding as of the close of business on July 10, 2015. Any shareholder or group that acquires beneficial ownership of 5% or more of the Company (an “acquiring person”) could be subject to significant dilution in its holdings if the Company's Board of Directors does not approve such acquisition. Existing shareholders holding 5% or more of the Company will not be considered acquiring persons unless they acquire additional shares, subject to certain exceptions described in the plan. In addition, the Board of Directors has the discretion to exempt certain transactions and certain persons whose acquisition of securities is determined by the Board not to jeopardize the Company's deferred tax assets. The rights plan was extended in May 2018 to expire upon the earlier of (i) June 30, 2021, (ii) the beginning of a taxable year with respect to which the Board of Directors determines that no tax benefits may be carried forward, (iii) the repeal or amendment of Section 382 or any successor statute, if the Board of Directors determines that the plan is no longer needed to preserve the tax benefits, and (iv) certain other events as described in the plan.

On September 23, 2015, the Company’s shareholders approved an amendment to its articles of incorporation to further help protect the long-term value of the Company’s NOLs. The amendment provides a means to block transfers of our common shares that could result in an ownership change under Section 382. The transfer restrictions were extended in May 2018 by shareholder vote and will expire on the earlier of (i) May 23, 2021, (ii) the beginning of a taxable year with respect to which the Board of Directors determines that no tax benefit may be carried forward, (iii) the repeal of Section 382 or any successor statute if our Board determines that the transfer restrictions are no longer needed to preserve the tax benefits of our NOLs, or (iv) such date as the Board otherwise determines that the transfer restrictions are no longer necessary.

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The Company and its subsidiaries are subject to U.S. federal income tax and the Company is subject to income tax in the Commonwealth of Kentucky. The Company is no longer subject to examination by taxing authorities for years before 2015.

NOTE 12 – RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Loans to principal officers, directors, significant shareholders, and their affiliates in 2018 were as follows (in thousands):

Beginning balance	$	9,400
New loans		7,104
Repayments		(2,313	)
Ending balance	$	14,191

Deposits from principal officers, directors, significant shareholders, and their affiliates at year-end 2018 and 2017 were $178,000 and $401,000, respectively.

Hogan Development Company assists the Bank in onboarding, managing, and selling the Bank’s OREO. Hogan Development Company is owned by W. Glenn Hogan, a director. The agreement with Hogan Development Company is periodically reviewed and evaluated by the Audit Committee. The Bank paid real estate management fees of $20,000 in both 2018 and 2017. The Bank paid no real estate sales and leasing commissions in 2018 and $6,000 to Hogan Development Company in 2017.

On March 30, 2018, the Company completed a private placement of common stock. In the transaction, the Company issued 150,000 common shares and 1.0 million non-voting common shares to Patriot Financial Partners III, L.P. at $13.00 per share resulting in net proceeds of $14.9 million of which $5.0 million was contributed as capital to the Bank. The balance of proceeds was maintained by the Company for general corporate purposes and to support the growth of the Bank. W. Kirk Wycoff, a director of the Company and Bank, serves as a general partner of Patriot Financial Partners III, L.P.

On June 26, 2018, the Company completed the purchase and retirement of all of its issued and outstanding Series E and Series F Non-Voting Perpetual Preferred Shares for an aggregate price of $3.5 million paid in cash. The Series E and Series F Shares had an aggregate liquidation preference of $10.5 million. Participating sellers in the transaction, among others, were directors W. Glenn Hogan, Michael T. Levy, Dr. Edmond J. Seifried, and Patriot Financial Partners, L.P. and Patriot Financial Partners Parallel, L.P., each affiliates of director W. Kirk Wycoff. An independent third party financial advisory firm served as the financial advisor in this transaction to a special committee of directors comprised of members having no interest in the repurchase transaction.

NOTE 13 – PREFERRED STOCK

At December 31, 2017, the Company had issued and outstanding 6,198 Series E preferred shares and 4,304 Series F preferred shares, both of which series were not convertible into common shares, had a liquidation preference of $1,000 per share, and were entitled to a 2% noncumulative annual dividend if and when declared. Series E and Series F preferred shares ranked senior to, and had liquidation and dividend preferences over, the common shares and non-voting common shares.

On June 26, 2018, the Company completed the purchase and retirement of all of its issued and outstanding Series E and Series F preferred shares for an aggregate price of $3.5 million paid in cash. The Series E and F shares had an aggregate liquidation preference of $10.5 million. 

NOTE 14 – REGULATORY CAPITAL MATTERS

Banks and bank holding companies are subject to regulatory capital requirements administered by federal banking agencies. Capital adequacy guidelines and, additionally for banks, prompt corrective action regulations involve quantitative measures of assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance-sheet items calculated under regulatory accounting practices. Capital amounts and classifications are also subject to qualitative judgments by regulators. Failure to meet capital requirements can result in regulatory action.

The final rules implementing Basel Committee on Banking Supervision’s capital guidelines for U.S. Banks (Basel III rules) became effective for the Company and Bank on January 1, 2015 with full compliance with all of the requirements being phased in over a multi-year schedule through January 1, 2019. The final rules allowed banks and their holding companies with less than $250 billion in assets a one-time opportunity to opt-out of a requirement to include unrealized gains and losses in accumulated other comprehensive income in their capital calculation. The Company and the Bank opted out of this requirement. The rules also establish a “capital conservation buffer” of 2.5% above the regulatory minimum risk-based capital ratios. Once the capital conservation buffer is fully phased in, the minimum ratios are a common equity Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 7.0%, a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 8.5%, and a total risk-based capital ratio of 10.5%. The capital conservation buffer for 2018 is 1.875% and 1.25% for 2017. An institution is subject to limitations on paying dividends, engaging in share repurchases, and paying discretionary bonuses if capital levels fall below minimum levels plus the buffer amounts. These limitations establish a maximum percentage of eligible retained income that could be utilized for such actions.

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Management believes as of December 31, 2018, the Company and Bank meet all capital adequacy requirements to which they are subject. At year end 2018 and 2017, the most recent regulatory notifications categorized the Bank as well capitalized under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action. There are no conditions or events since the notification that management believes have changed the institution’s category.

The following tables show the ratios (excluding capital conservation buffer) and amounts of common equity Tier 1, Tier 1 capital, and total capital to risk-adjusted assets and the leverage ratios for the Bank at the dates indicated (dollars in thousands):

	Actual					Minimum Requirement for Capital Adequacy Purposes					Minimum Requirement to be Well Capitalized Under Prompt Corrective Action Provisions
	Amount		Ratio			Amount		Ratio			Amount		Ratio
As of December 31, 2018:
Total risk-based capital (to risk-weighted assets)	$	109,309		12.88	%	$	67,920		8.00	%	$	84,900		10.00	%
Total common equity Tier 1 risk-based capital (to risk-weighted assets)		100,429		11.83			38,205		4.50			55,185		6.50
Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets)		100,429		11.83			50,940		6.00			67,920		8.00
Tier 1 capital (to average assets)		100,429		9.60			41,837		4.00			52,297		5.00

	Actual					Minimum Requirement for Capital Adequacy Purposes					Minimum Requirement to be Well Capitalized Under Prompt Corrective Action Provisions
	Amount		Ratio			Amount		Ratio			Amount		Ratio
As of December 31, 2017:
Total risk-based capital (to risk-weighted assets)	$	91,305		11.61	%	$	62,938		8.00	%	$	78,672		10.00	%
Total common equity Tier 1 risk-based capital (to risk-weighted assets)		81,393		10.35			35,403		4.50			51,137		6.50
Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets)		81,393		10.35			47,203		6.00			62,938		8.00
Tier 1 capital (to average assets)		81,393		8.70			37,421		4.00			46,777		5.00

Kentucky banking laws limit the amount of dividends that may be paid to a holding company by its subsidiary banks without prior approval. These laws limit the amount of dividends that may be paid in any calendar year to current year’s net income, as defined in the laws, combined with the retained net income of the preceding two years, less any dividends declared during those periods. In addition, a bank must have positive retained earnings.

NOTE 15 – OFF BALANCE SHEET RISKS, COMMITMENTS, AND CONTINGENT LIABILITIES

The Company, in the normal course of business, is party to financial instruments with off balance sheet risk. The financial instruments include commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit. The contract or notional amounts of these instruments reflect the potential future obligations of the Company pursuant to those financial instruments. Creditworthiness for all instruments is evaluated on a case-by-case basis in accordance with the Company’s credit policies. Collateral from the client may be required based on the Company’s credit evaluation of the client and may include business assets of commercial clients, as well as personal property and real estate of individual clients or guarantors.

An approved but unfunded loan commitment represents a potential credit risk and a liquidity risk, since the Company’s client(s) may demand immediate cash that would require funding. In addition, unfunded loan commitments represent interest rate risk as market interest rates may rise above the rate committed to the Company’s client. Since a portion of these loan commitments normally expire unused, the total amount of outstanding commitments at any point in time may not require future funding. Commitments to make loans are generally made for periods of one year or less.

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Standby letters of credit are conditional commitments issued by the Company to guarantee the performance of a client to a third party. The terms and risk of loss involved in issuing standby letters of credit are similar to those involved in issuing loan commitments and extending credit. In addition to credit risk, the Company also has liquidity risk associated with standby letters of credit because funding for these obligations could be required immediately. The Company does not deem this risk to be material. No liability is currently established for standby letters of credit.

The following table presents the contractual amounts of financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk for each year ended:

	2018				2017
	Fixed Rate		Variable Rate		Fixed Rate		Variable Rate
	(in thousands)
Commitments to make loans	$	5,317	$	11,236	$	27,349	$	31,412
Unused lines of credit		7,410		73,024		11,034		57,727
Standby letters of credit		541		1,752		2,216		373

Commitments to make loans are generally made for periods of one year or less.

In connection with the purchase of loan participations, the Bank entered into risk participation agreements, which had notional amounts totaling $26.6 million at December 31, 2018 and $19.8 million at December 31, 2017. The risk participation agreements are not designated against specific assets or liabilities under ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging, and, therefore, do not qualify for hedge accounting. The Company does not use derivatives for trading or speculative purposes but rather as a result of services provided to certain borrowers. The derivatives are recorded in other liabilities on the balance sheet at fair value and changes in fair value of both the borrower and the offsetting swap agreements are recorded (and essentially offset) in non-interest income.

In the normal course of business, the Company and its subsidiaries have been named, from time to time, as defendants in various legal actions. Certain of the actual or threatened legal actions may include claims for substantial compensatory and/or punitive damages or claims for indeterminate amounts of damages.

The Company contests liability and/or the amount of damages as appropriate in each pending matter. In view of the inherent difficulty of predicting the outcome of such matters, particularly in cases where claimants seek substantial or indeterminate damages or where investigations and proceedings are in the early stages, the Company cannot predict with certainty the loss or range of loss, if any, related to such matters, how or if such matters will be resolved, when they will ultimately be resolved, or what the eventual settlement, or other relief, if any, might be. Subject to the foregoing, the Company believes, based on current knowledge and after consultation with counsel, that the outcome of such pending matters will not have a material adverse effect on the consolidated financial condition of the Company, although the outcome of such matters could be material to the Company’s operating results and cash flows for a particular future period, depending on, among other things, the level of the Company’s revenues or income for such period. The Company will accrue for a loss contingency if (1) it is probable that a future event will occur and confirm the loss and (2) the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. The Company is not currently involved in any material litigation.

NOTE 16 – FAIR VALUES

Fair value is the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. Various valuation techniques are used to determine fair value, including market, income and cost approaches. There are three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair values:

Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets that an entity has the ability to access as of the measurement date, or observable inputs.

Level 2: Significant other observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active, and other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.

Level 3: Significant unobservable inputs that reflect an entity’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability.

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In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. When that occurs, the fair value hierarchy is classified on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The following methods and significant assumptions are used to estimate fair value.

Securities: The fair values of securities available for sale are determined by obtaining quoted prices on nationally recognized securities exchanges, if available. This valuation method is classified as Level 1 in the fair value hierarchy. For securities where quoted prices are not available, fair values are calculated on market prices of similar securities, or matrix pricing, which is a mathematical technique used widely in the industry to value debt securities without relying exclusively on quoted prices for the specific securities but rather by relying on the securities’ relationship to other benchmark quoted securities. Matrix pricing relies on the securities’ relationship to similarly traded securities, benchmark curves, and the benchmarking of like securities. Matrix pricing utilizes observable market inputs such as benchmark yields, reported trades, broker/dealer quotes, issuer spreads, two-sided markets, benchmark securities, bids, offers, reference data, and industry and economic events. In instances where broker quotes are used, these quotes are obtained from market makers or broker-dealers recognized to be market participants. This valuation method is classified as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy. For securities where quoted prices or market prices of similar securities are not available, fair values are calculated using discounted cash flows or other market indicators. This valuation method is classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy. Discounted cash flows are calculated using spread to swap and LIBOR curves that are updated to incorporate loss severities, volatility, credit spread and optionality. During times when trading is more liquid, broker quotes are used (if available) to validate the model. Rating agency and industry research reports as well as defaults and deferrals on individual securities are reviewed and incorporated into the calculations.

Impaired Loans: An impaired loan is evaluated at the time the loan is identified as impaired and is recorded at fair value less costs to sell. Fair value is measured based on the value of the collateral securing the loan and is classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy. Fair value is determined using several methods. Generally, the fair value of real estate is determined based on appraisals by qualified licensed appraisers. These appraisals may utilize a single valuation approach or a combination of approaches including comparable sales and the income approach.

Adjustments are routinely made in the appraisal process by the appraisers to adjust for differences between the comparable sales and income data available. These routine adjustments are made to adjust the value of a specific property relative to comparable properties for variations in qualities such as location, size, and income production capacity relative to the subject property of the appraisal. Such adjustments are typically significant and result in a Level 3 classification of the inputs for determining fair value.

Management routinely apply internal discounts to the value of appraisals used in the fair value evaluation of our impaired loans. The deductions to the appraisal take into account changing business factors and market conditions, as well as potential value impairment in cases where our appraisal date predates a likely change in market conditions. These deductions range from 10% for routine real estate collateral to 25% for real estate that is determined to have a thin trading market or to be specialized collateral. This is in addition to estimated discounts for cost to sell of six to ten percent.

Management also apply discounts to the expected fair value of collateral for impaired loans where the likely resolution involves litigation or foreclosure. Resolution of this nature generally results in receiving lower values for real estate collateral in a more aggressive sales environment. Discounts ranging from 10% to 33% have been utilized in our impairment evaluations when applicable.

Impaired loans are evaluated quarterly for additional impairment. Management obtains updated appraisals on properties securing our loans when circumstances are warranted such as at the time of renewal or when market conditions have significantly changed. This determination is made on a property-by-property basis in light of circumstances in the broader economic climate and the assessment of deterioration of real estate values in the market in which the property is located.

Other Real Estate Owned (OREO): OREO is evaluated at the time of acquisition and recorded at fair value as determined by independent appraisal or internal evaluation less estimated cost to sell. Quarterly evaluations of OREO for impairment are driven by property type. For smaller dollar single family homes, management consults with staff from the Bank’s special assets group as well as external realtors and appraisers. Based on these consultations, management determines asking prices for OREO properties being marketed for sale. If the internally evaluated fair value or asking price is below the recorded investment in the property, appropriate write-downs are taken.

For larger dollar commercial real estate properties, management obtains a new appraisal of the subject property or has staff in the special assets group evaluate the latest in-file appraisal in connection with the transfer to OREO. Management generally obtains updated appraisals within five quarters of the anniversary date of ownership unless a sale is imminent. When an asking price is lowered below the most recent appraised value, appropriate write-downs are taken.

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Financial assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis are summarized below:

			Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2018 Using
			(in thousands)
Description	Carrying Value		Quoted Prices In Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Available for sale securities
U.S. Government and federal agency	$	22,560	$	—	$	22,560	$	—
Agency mortgage-backed: residential		85,990		—		85,990		—
Collateralized loan obligations		49,839		—		49,839		—
State and municipal		32,812		—		32,812		—
Corporate bonds		9,991		—		9,991		—
Total	$	201,192	$	—	$	201,192	$	—

			Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2017 Using
			(in thousands)
Description	Carrying Value		Quoted Prices In Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Available for sale securities
U.S. Government and federal agency	$	21,624	$	—	$	21,624	$	—
Agency mortgage-backed: residential		64,965		—		64,965		—
Collateralized loan obligations		25,505		—		25,505		—
State and municipal		33,710		—		33,710		—
Corporate bonds		6,916		—		6,916		—
Total	$	152,720	$	—	$	152,720	$	—

There were no transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 during 2018 or 2017.

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Financial assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis are summarized below:

			Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2018 Using
			(in thousands)
Description	Carrying Value		Quoted Prices In Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Impaired loans:
Commercial	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Commercial real estate:
Construction		—		—		—		—
Farmland		—		—		—		—
Nonfarm nonresidential		124		—		—		124
Residential real estate:
Multi-family		—		—		—		—
1-4 Family		552		—		—		552
Consumer		—		—		—		—
Agriculture		—		—		—		—
Other		—		—		—		—
Other real estate owned, net:
Commercial real estate:
Construction		3,485		—		—		3,485
Farmland		—		—		—		—
Nonfarm nonresidential		—		—		—		—
Residential real estate:
Multi-family		—		—		—		—
1-4 Family		—		—		—		—

			Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2017 Using
			(in thousands)
Description	Carrying Value		Quoted Prices In Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Impaired loans:
Commercial	$	87	$	—	$	—	$	87
Commercial real estate:
Construction		—		—		—		—
Farmland		—		—		—		—
Nonfarm nonresidential		—		—		—		—
Residential real estate:
Multi-family		—		—		—		—
1-4 Family		957		—		—		957
Consumer		—		—		—		—
Agriculture		—		—		—		—
Other		—		—		—		—
Other real estate owned, net:
Commercial real estate:
Construction		4,335		—		—		4,335
Farmland		74		—		—		74
Nonfarm nonresidential		—		—		—		—
Residential real estate:
Multi-family		—		—		—		—
1-4 Family		—		—		—		—

Impaired loans, which are measured for impairment using the fair value of the collateral for collateral dependent loans, had a carrying amount of $879,000, with a valuation allowance of $203,000, at December 31, 2018, resulting in no additional provision for loan losses for the year ended December 31, 2018. At December 31, 2017, impaired loans had a carrying amount of $1.3 million, with a valuation allowance of $219,000, at December 31, 2017, resulting in no additional provision for loan losses for the year ended December 31, 2017.

83

OREO, which is measured at the lower of carrying or fair value less costs to sell, had a net carrying amount of $3.5 million as of December 31, 2018, compared with $4.4 million at December 31, 2017. Write-downs of $850,000 and $2.0 million were recorded on OREO for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

The following table presents qualitative information about level 3 fair value measurements for financial assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis at December 31, 2018:

	Fair Value		Valuation Technique(s)	Unobservable Input(s)	Range (Weighted Average)
	(in thousands)
Impaired loans – Residential real estate	$	552	Sales comparison approach	Adjustment for differences between the comparable sales	0%	-	26%	(11%)
Other real estate owned – Commercial real estate	$	3,485	Sales comparison approach	Adjustment for differences between the comparable sales	0%	-	35%	(18%)
			Income approach	Discount or capitalization rate	25%		(25%)

The following table presents qualitative information about level 3 fair value measurements for financial assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis at December 31, 2017:

	Fair Value		Valuation Technique(s)	Unobservable Input(s)	Range (Weighted Average)
	(in thousands)
Impaired loans – Residential real estate	$	957	Sales comparison approach	Adjustment for differences between the comparable sales	0%	-	26%	(9%)
Other real estate owned – Commercial real estate	$	4,409	Sales comparison approach	Adjustment for differences between the comparable sales	0%	-	35%	(18%)
			Income approach	Discount or capitalization rate	25%		(25%)

84

Carrying amount and estimated fair values of financial instruments were as follows at year-end 2018:

			Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2018 Using
	Carrying Amount		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
	(in thousands)
Financial assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	35,361	$	35,361	$	—	$	—	$	35,361
Securities available for sale		201,192		—		201,192		—		201,192
Federal Home Loan Bank stock		7,233		N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A
Loans, net		756,364		—		—		744,076		744,076
Accrued interest receivable		3,665		—		1,222		2,443		3,665
Financial liabilities
Deposits	$	894,231	$	142,618	$	750,015	$	—	$	892,633
Federal Home Loan Bank advances		46,549		—		46,519		—		46,519
Junior subordinated debentures		21,000		—		—		16,226		16,226
Senior debt		10,000		—		—		9,585		9,585
Accrued interest payable		658		—		598		60		658

Carrying amount and estimated fair values of financial instruments were as follows at year-end 2017:

			Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2017 Using
	Carrying Amount		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
	(in thousands)
Financial assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	34,103	$	34,103	$	—	$	—	$	34,103
Securities available for sale		152,720		—		152,720		—		152,720
Federal Home Loan Bank stock		7,323		N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A
Loans held for sale		70		—		70		—		70
Loans, net		703,913		—		—		703,263		703,263
Accrued interest receivable		3,136		—		925		2,211		3,136
Financial liabilities
Deposits	$	847,024	$	137,386	$	693,320	$	—	$	830,706
Federal Home Loan Bank advances		11,797		—		11,799		—		11,799
Subordinated capital notes		2,250		—		—		2,246		2,246
Junior subordinated debentures		21,000		—		—		19,090		19,090
Senior debt		10,000		—		—		10,000		10,000
Accrued interest payable		1,475		—		357		1,118		1,475

The methods utilized to estimate the fair value of financial instruments at December 31, 2017 did not necessarily represent an exit price. In accordance with the Company’s adoption of ASU 2016-01 as of January 1, 2018, the methods utilized to measure the fair value of financial instruments at December 31, 2018 represent an approximation of exit price; however, an actual exit price may differ.

NOTE 17 – STOCK PLANS AND STOCK BASED COMPENSATION

Shares available for issuance under the 2018 Omnibus Equity Compensation Plan (“2018 Plan”) total 322,144. Shares issued to employees under the plan vest annually on the anniversary date of the grant over three years. Shares issued annually to each non-employee directors have a fair market value of $25,000 and vest on December 31 in the year of grant.

The fair value of the 2018 unvested shares issued was $737,000, or $13.94 per weighted-average share. The Company recorded $524,000, $400,000, and $443,000 of stock-based compensation during 2018, 2017, and 2016, respectively, to salaries and employee benefits. Management expects substantially all of the unvested shares outstanding at the end of the period to vest according to the vesting schedule. A deferred tax benefit of $110,000 was recognized in 2018 related to this expense, compared to a deferred tax benefit of $140,000 in 2017 and no deferred tax benefit in 2016.

85

The following table summarizes unvested share activity as of and for the periods indicated for the Stock Incentive Plan:

	Twelve Months Ended					Twelve Months Ended
	December 31, 2018					December 31, 2017
				Weighted					Weighted
				Average					Average
				Grant					Grant
	Shares			Price		Shares			Price
Outstanding, beginning		142,334		$	5.67		179,513		$	4.89
Granted		52,856			13.94		37,865			9.64
Vested		(78,281	)		6.75		(73,728	)		5.75
Forfeited		—			—		(1,316	)		9.35
Outstanding, ending		116,909		$	8.69		142,334		$	5.67

Unrecognized stock based compensation expense related to unvested shares for 2019 and beyond is estimated as follows (in thousands):

2019	$	287
2020		213
2021		94
2022 & thereafter		—

NOTE 18 – EARNINGS (LOSS) PER SHARE

The factors used in the basic and diluted earnings per share computation follow:

	2018		2017		2016
	(in thousands, except share and per share data)
Net income (loss)	$	8,794	$	38,453	$	(2,753	)
Less:
Earnings (losses) allocated to unvested shares		144		967		(88	)
Net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders, basic and diluted	$	8,650	$	37,486	$	(2,665	)
Basic
Weighted average common shares including unvested common shares and participating preferred shares outstanding		7,159,723		6,249,059		5,980,945
Less:
Weighted average unvested common shares		117,030		157,127		192,232
Weighted average common shares outstanding		7,042,693		6,091,932		5,788,713
Basic income (loss) per common share	$	1.23	$	6.15	$	(0.46	)
Diluted
Add: Dilutive effects of assumed exercises of common stock warrants		—		—		—
Weighted average common shares and potential common shares		7,042,693		6,091,932		5,788,713
Diluted income (loss) per common share	$	1.23	$	6.15	$	(0.46	)

The Company had no outstanding stock options at December 31, 2018, 2017 or 2016. A warrant for the purchase of 66,113 shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price of $79.41 was outstanding at December 31, 2017 and 2016, but was not included in the diluted EPS computation as inclusion would have been anti-dilutive. The warrant expired on November 21, 2018.

86

NOTE 19 – REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS

The Company adopted ASC 606 using the full retrospective method. The adoption of ASC 606 for in-scope revenue streams did not result in a cumulative effect adjustment. Bank card interchange income and expenses were previously reported net in non-interest income. The income statement impact of adopting ASC 606 resulted in a reclassification adjustment of $549,000 and $454,000 related to the year ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, between bank card interchange income and deposit account related expense in order to report debit card interchange income gross and provide a comparable disclosure for all periods. This reclassification adjustment had no impact on previously reported net income for the year ended December 31, 2017 or 2016.

All of the Company’s revenue from customers in the scope of ASC 606 is recognized within non-interest income. A description of the Company’s revenue streams accounted for under ASC 606 follows:

Service Charges on Deposit Accounts: The Company earns fees from its deposit customers for transaction-based, account maintenance, and overdraft services. Transaction-based fees, which include services such as ATM use fees, stop payment charges, statement rendering, and ACH fees, are recognized at the time the transaction is executed as that is the point in time the Company fulfills the customer’s request. Account maintenance fees, which relate primarily to monthly maintenance, are earned over the course of a month, representing the period over which the Company satisfies the performance obligation. Overdraft fees are recognized at the point in time that the overdraft occurs. Service charges are withdrawn from the customer’s account balance.

Bank Card Interchange Income: The Company earns interchange fees from bank cardholder transactions conducted through a third party payment network. Interchange fees from cardholder transactions represent a percentage of the underlying transaction value and are recognized daily, concurrently with the transaction processing services provided to the cardholder. Prior to adopting ASC 606, the Company reported bank card interchange fees net of expenses. Under ASC 606, bank card interchange fees are reported gross.

Gains/Losses on Sales of OREO: The Company records a gain or loss from the sale of OREO when control of the property transfers to the buyer, which generally occurs at the time of an executed deed. When the Company finances the sale of OREO to the buyer, the Company assess whether the buyer is committed to perform their obligations under the contract and whether collectability of the transaction price is probable. Once these criteria are met, the OREO asset is derecognized and the gain or loss on sale is recorded upon transfer of control of the property to the buyer. In determining the gain or loss on the sale, the Company adjusts the transaction price and related gain (loss) on sale if a significant financing component is present. Gains and losses on sales of OREO are netted with OREO expense and reported in non-interest expense.

Other Non-interest Income: Other non-interest income includes revenue from several sources that are within the scope of ASC 606, including title insurance commissions, income from secondary market loan sales, gains on sales of premises and equipment, and other transaction-based revenue that is individually immaterial. Other non-interest income included approximately $660,000, $666,000, and $678,000 of revenue for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016, respectively, within the scope of ASC 606. The remaining other non-interest income for the year is excluded from the scope of ASC 606.

87

NOTE 20 – PARENT COMPANY ONLY CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Condensed financial information of Limestone Bancorp Inc. is presented as follows:

CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS

	December 31,
	2018		2017
	(in thousands)
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents (1)	$	5,369	$	2,045
Investment in banking subsidiary		114,042		99,651
Investment in and advances to other subsidiaries		776		776
Deferred taxes, net		3,142		2,497
Other assets		682		711
Total assets	$	124,011	$	105,680
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Debt	$	31,775	$	31,775
Accrued expenses and other liabilities		139		1,232
Shareholders’ equity		92,097		72,673
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity	$	124,011	$	105,680

(1) $417,000 is held in escrow by the senior note lender to be used exclusively for interest payments on senior debt.

CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

	Years ended December 31,
	2018			2017			2016
	(in thousands)
Interest income	$	45		$	4		$	5
Dividends from subsidiaries		35			26			23
Other income		38			—			17
Interest expense		(1,370	)		(973	)		(694	)
Other expense		(1,290	)		(1,137	)		(1,240	)
Loss before income tax and undistributed subsidiary income		(2,542	)		(2,080	)		(1,889	)
Income tax expense (benefit)		(645	)		(2,497	)		21
Equity in undistributed subsidiary income (loss)		10,691			38,036			(843	)
Net income (loss)	$	8,794		$	38,453		$	(2,753	)

88

CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

	Years ended December 31,
	2018			2017			2016
	(in thousands)
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income (loss)	$	8,794		$	38,453		$	(2,753	)
Adjustments:
Equity in undistributed subsidiary (income) loss		(10,691	)		(38,036	)		843
Deferred taxes, net		(645	)		(2,497	)		—
Change in other assets		29			743			(95	)
Change in other liabilities		(1,093	)		(128	)		358
Other		525			462			978
Net cash (used in) operating activities		(3,081	)		(1,003	)		(669	)
Cash flows from investing activities
Investments in subsidiaries		(5,000	)		(9,000	)		(500	)
Net cash (used in) from investing activities		(5,000	)		(9,000	)		(500	)
Cash flows from financing activities
Proceeds from issuance of common stock		14,910			—			2,231
Redemption of preferred stock		(3,505	)		—			—
Proceeds from senior debt		—			10,000			—
Net cash provided by (used in) from financing activities		11,405			10,000			2,231
Net change in cash and cash equivalents		3,324			(3	)		1,062
Beginning cash and cash equivalents		2,045			2,048			986
Ending cash and cash equivalents	$	5,369		$	2,045		$	2,048

NOTE 21 – QUARTERLY FINANCIAL DATA (UNAUDITED)

														Earnings (Loss) Per Common Share
	Interest Income		Net Interest Income		Negative Provision For Loan Losses			OREO Expense			Net Income (Loss)			Basic (1)		Diluted (1)
	(in thousands, except per share data)
2018
First quarter	$	10,015	$	8,181	$	—		$	82		$	1,934		$	0.31	$	0.31
Second quarter		10,585		8,374		(150	)		237			1,983			0.27		0.27
Third quarter		11,120	$	8,412	$	(350	)	$	271		$	2,437		$	0.33	$	0.33
Fourth quarter		11,741		8,704		—			278			2,440			0.33		0.33
2017
First quarter	$	9,225	$	7,741	$	—		$	(16	)	$	1,680		$	0.27	$	0.27
Second quarter		9,134		7,588		—			(3	)		1,709			0.27		0.27
Third quarter		9,446		7,787		—			111			1,794			0.29		0.29
Fourth quarter		9,717		8,001		(800	)		1,881			33,270	(2)		5.31		5.31

(1) The sum of the quarterly net income (loss) per share (basic and diluted) differs from the annual net income (loss) per share (basic and diluted) because of the differences in the weighted average number of common shares outstanding and the common shares used in the quarterly and annual computations as well as differences in rounding.

(2) Net income for the fourth quarter of 2017 was impacted by the reversal of the Company’s deferred tax asset valuation allowance and the change in federal corporate tax rates in connection with the enactment of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017. The net result of these two items, as well as tax expense for the year, was an income tax benefit of $31.9 million.

89

Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

None

Item 9A. Controls and Procedures

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining effective disclosure controls and procedures, as defined under Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Our management, under the supervision and with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2018. Based on that evaluation, management believes that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to collect, process, and disclose the information required to be disclosed in the reports filed or submitted under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 within the required time periods as of the end of the period covered by this report.

There was no change in the internal control over financial reporting during the most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Management’s Report on Internal Controls Over Financial Reporting and the Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm included in Item 8 of this report are incorporated herein by reference.

Item 9B. Other Information

None

90

PART III

Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.

The Company has adopted a code of ethics applicable to the Chief Executive Officer and the senior financial officers, which is posted on the Bank’s website at http://www.limestonebank.com under the Investors Relations section of the About Us tab. If the Company amends or waives any of the provisions of the Code of Ethics applicable to its Chief Executive Officer or senior financial officers, management intends to disclose the amendment or waiver on our website. The Company will provide to any person without charge, upon request, a copy of this Code of Ethics. You can request a copy by contacting Limestone Bancorp, Inc., Chief Financial Officer, 2500 Eastpoint Parkway, Louisville, Kentucky, 40223, (telephone) 502-499-4800.

Additional information required by this Item 10 is omitted because we are filing a definitive proxy statement pursuant to Regulation 14A on or before April 30, 2019, which includes the required information. The required information contained in our proxy statement under the headings “Proposal 1: Election of Directors,” “Corporate Governance,” and “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions – Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance” is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 11. Executive Compensation.

The information required by this Item 11 is omitted because we are filing a definitive proxy statement pursuant to Regulation 14A on or before April 30, 2019, which includes the required information. The required information contained in our proxy statement under the headings “Corporate Governance,” “Compensation Discussion and Analysis,” “Executive Compensation,” and “Compensation Committee Report” is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

Certain information required by this Item 12 is omitted because we are filing a definitive proxy statement pursuant to Regulation 14A on or before April 30, 2019, which includes the required information. The required information contained in our proxy statement under the heading “Stock Ownership of Directors, Officers, and Principal Shareholders” is incorporated herein by reference.

Certain information required by this Item 12 appears under the heading “Equity Compensation Plan Information” in Item 5 of this report and is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence.

The information required by this Item 13 is omitted because we are filing a definitive proxy statement pursuant to Regulation 14A on or before April 30, 2019, which includes the required information. The required information contained in our proxy statement under the headings “Corporate Governance” and “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions” is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services.

The information required by this Item 14 is omitted because we are filing a definitive proxy statement pursuant to Regulation 14A on or before April 30, 2019, which includes the required information. The required information contained in our proxy statement under the heading “Principal Accountant Fees and Services” is incorporated herein by reference.

91

PART IV

Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

(a) 1.	The following financial statements are included in this Form 10-K:
	Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2018 and 2017
	Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Years Ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016
	Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the Years Ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016
	Consolidated Statements of Change in Stockholders’ Equity for the Years Ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016
	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016
	Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
	Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

(a) 2.	List of Financial Statement Schedules
	Financial statement schedules are omitted because the information is not applicable.
(a) 3.	List of Exhibits
	The Exhibit Index of this report is incorporated by reference. The compensatory plans or arrangement required to be filed as exhibits to this Form 10-K pursuant to Item 15(c) are noted with an asterisk in the Exhibit Index.

92

EXHIBIT INDEX

Exhibit No. (1)	Description
3.1	Articles of Incorporation of the Company, restated to reflect amendments. Exhibit 3.1 to Form 10-Q filed August 2, 2018 is incorporated by reference.
3.3	Amended and Restated Bylaws of Limestone Bancorp, Inc. dated June 18, 2018. Exhibit 3.2 to Form 8-K filed June 6, 2018 is hereby incorporated by reference.
4.1	Tax Benefits Preservation Plan, dated as of June 25, 2015, between the Company and American Stock Transfer Company, as Rights Agent. Exhibit 3.1 to Form 8-K filed June 29, 2015 is incorporated by reference.
4.2	Amendment No. 1 to the Tax Benefits Preservation Plan, dated August 4, 2015. Exhibit 4.2 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed August 5, 2015 is incorporated by reference.
4.3	Amendment No. 2 to the Tax Benefits Preservation Plan dated May 23, 2018. Exhibit 4 to the Form 8-K filed May 23, 2018 is incorporated by reference.
10.1	Loan Agreement between Limestone Bancorp, Inc. and First Merchants Bank dated June 30, 2017. Exhibit 1.1 to Form 8-K filed July 5, 2017 is incorporated by reference.
10.2	Promissory Note between Limestone Bancorp, Inc. and First Merchants Bank dated June 30, 2017. Exhibit 1.2 to Form 8-K filed July 5, 2017 is incorporated by reference.
10.3	Pledge Agreement between Limestone Bancorp, Inc. and First Merchants Bank dated June 30, 2017. Exhibit 1.3 to Form 8-K filed July 5, 2017 is incorporated by reference.
10.4+	Limestone Bancorp, Inc. 2016 Omnibus Equity Compensation Plan. Appendix A to Schedule 14A proxy statement (DEF 14A) filed April 25, 2016 is incorporated by reference.
10.5+	Form of Limestone Bancorp, Inc. Restricted Stock Award Agreement. Exhibit 10.3 to 8-K filed June 22, 2016 is incorporated by reference.
10.6+	Limestone Bancorp, Inc. 2006 Non-Employee Directors Stock Ownership Incentive Plan, as amended and restated as of March 26, 2014. Exhibit 10.1 to Form S-8 Registration Statement (Reg. No. 333-202746) filed March 13, 2015 is incorporated by reference.
10.7+	Limestone Bancorp, Inc. 2017 Incentive Compensation Bonus Plan. Exhibit 10.1 to Form 10-Q filed May 4, 2017 is incorporated by reference.
10.8+	Form of Ascencia Bank (now Limestone Bank) Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan. Exhibit 10.5 to Form S-1 Registration Statement (Reg. No. 333-133198) filed April 11, 2006 is incorporated by reference.
10.9+	Form of Amendment to Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan. Exhibit 10.7 to Form 10-K filed March 26, 2009 is incorporated by reference.
10.10+	Limestone Bancorp, Inc. 2018 Omnibus Equity Compensation Plan, Appendix B to Schedule 14A Proxy Statement (DEF 14A) filed April 13, 2018 is incorporated by reference.
10.11+	Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement
10.12+	Employment Agreement with John T. Taylor. Exhibit 10.1 to Form 8-K filed September 27, 2016 is incorporated by reference.
10.13+	Employment Agreement with John R. Davis. Exhibit 10.2 to Form 8-K filed September 27, 2016 is incorporated by reference.
10.14+	Employment Agreement with Joseph C. Seiler. Exhibit 10.3 to Form 8-K filed September 27, 2016 is incorporated by reference.
10.15+	Employment Agreement with Phillip W. Barnhouse. Exhibit 10.4 to Form 8-K filed September 27, 2016 is incorporated by reference.

93

Exhibit No. (1)	Description
10.16	Securities Purchase Agreement, dated March 30, 2018, between Limestone Bancorp, Inc. and Patriot Financial Partners III, L.P., incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.1 of the Current Report on Form 8-K dated March 30, 2018.
10.17	Registration Rights Agreement, dated March 30, 2018, between Limestone Bancorp, Inc. and Patriot Financial Partners III, L.P., incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Current Report on Form 8-K dated March 30, 2018.
10.18	Offer to Purchase Issued and Outstanding Series E Preferred Shares and Series F Preferred Shares dated June 25, 2018. Exhibit 10.1 to Form 8-K filed June 27, 2018 is incorporated by reference
21.1	List of Subsidiaries of Limestone Bancorp, Inc.
23.1	Consent of Crowe LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.
31.1	Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Exchange Act Rules 13a-14 or 15d-14.
31.2	Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Exchange Act Rules 13a-14 or 15d-14.
32.1	Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(b) or 15d-14(b) and 18 U.S.C. Section 1350.
32.2	Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(b) or 15d-14(b) and U.S.C. Section 1350.
101	The following financial statements from the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018, formatted in XBRL: (i) Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) Consolidated Statements of Operations, (iii) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, (iv) Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity, (v) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, (vi) Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

+ Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.

(1) The Company has other long-term debt agreements that meet the exclusion set forth in Section 601(b)(4)(iii)(A) of Regulation S-K. The Company hereby agrees to furnish a copy of such agreements to the Securities and Exchange Commission upon request.

Item 16.   Form 10-K Summary

None

94

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

	LIMESTONE BANCORP, INC.
March 8, 2019	By:	/s/ John T. Taylor
		John T. Taylor
		Chief Executive Officer

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities indicated.

/s/ John T. Taylor	Chief Executive Officer	March 8, 2019
John T. Taylor
/s/ Phillip W. Barnhouse	Chief Financial Officer	March 8, 2019
Phillip W. Barnhouse
/s/ W. Glenn Hogan	Director	March 8, 2019
W. Glenn Hogan
/s/ Michael T. Levy	Director	March 8, 2019
Michael T. Levy
/s/ Bradford T. Ray	Director	March 8, 2019
Bradford T. Ray
/s/ W. Kirk Wycoff	Director	March 8, 2019
W. Kirk Wycoff
/s/ James M. Parsons	Director	March 8, 2019
James M. Parsons
/s/ Dr. Edmond J. Seifried	Director	March 8, 2019
Dr. Edmond J. Seifried
/s/ Celia P. Catlett	Director	March 8, 2019
Celia P. Catlett

95

EX-10.11

Exhibit 10.11

LIMESTONE BANCORP, INC.

2018 OMNIBUS EQUITY COMPENSATION PLAN

Restricted Stock Award Agreement

Limestone Bancorp, Inc. (“Limestone” “”) grants as of [                     ] (the “Grant Date”) to [                     ] (the “Employee” or “you”) the number of common shares of Limestone set forth below under the Limestone Bancorp, Inc. 2018 Omnibus Equity Compensation Plan (the “Plan”). A copy of the Plan is attached, and any capitalized terms used but not defined in this Agreement shall have the meaning given them in the Plan.

Grant of Award. Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement and the Plan, Limestone hereby grants to you a Restricted Stock Award in the amount of [                     ] shares (the “Restricted Shares”). Your Restricted Shares will be issued to you after you sign this Agreement, but are subject to forfeiture if you terminate employment with Limestone or Limestone Bank (the “Bank”).

Restriction Period. The Restricted Shares vest at the rate of 1/3^rd each one-year anniversary of the Grant Date stated above, provided you are still employed by the Bank, Limestone's subsidiary, at the vesting date. However, your Restricted Shares will become 100% vested if there is a Change in Control of Limestone, as defined in the Plan, or in the event of your death or Disability, as defined in the Plan.

Taxation of Award. Your Restricted Shares will be taxable when they vest, at the value on the vesting date. See the attachment to this Agreement explaining your option to include the value of the Restricted Shares in income within 30 days of the Grant Date. You may only choose this option if you make arrangements satisfactory to Limestone to pay the required withholding taxes due now if the election is made. Check below if you wish to make this election:

___ I elect to make an 83(b) tax election to include the value of the Restricted Shares granted to me in income now.

Transfer Restrictions. Until such time as the Restricted Shares become vested in accordance with the schedule set forth above, the Restricted Shares shall not be transferred, pledged or disposed of except by will or the laws of descent and distribution, and are subject to forfeiture in accordance with this Agreement and the Plan.

Acknowledgments. By signing below, you acknowledge that you have received a copy of the Plan, and you hereby accept the Restricted Shares subject to all the terms and provisions of the Plan. Nothing contained in the Plan or this Agreement shall give you any rights to continued employment by the Bank or interfere in any way with the right of Limestone or the Bank to terminate your employment or change your compensation at any time.

You also further agree by signing below that, should you leave employment of the Company, you will not for a period of one-year from the date of your departure, without the prior written consent of the Company, (i) solicit for employment any of the employees of the Bank; or (ii) solicit any customer or borrower of the Bank.

	LIMESTONE BANCORP, INC.
	By:
Employee

Date:  Date: 

Important Information About Section 83(b) Election

to Include Value of Restricted Stock Grant in Income at Grant Date:

As a recipient of a restricted stock grant under the Limestone Bancorp, Inc. 2018 Omnibus Equity Compensation Plan, you may make an election (called an “83(b) election”) to recognize compensation income when the stock is granted, even though the stock is then subject to a risk of forfeiture (vesting). Making an 83(b) election causes current taxation of the fair market value of the stock granted, and withholding taxes are immediately due. If you make an 83(b) election, you must make arrangements satisfactory to Limestone to pay those withholding taxes now.

By making an 83(b) election, any later appreciation in the stock will be taxed as capital gain income, and your holding period for capital gain purposes will begin on the date of taxation. An 83(b) election must be made, if at all, within 30 days after the transfer of the stock to you.

The downside of making an 83(b) election is that the election is generally irrevocable. Also, if you forfeit the stock, you may not receive any deduction for the amount previously included in income.

To the extent an 83(b) election is not made, Limestone will be treated as the owner of the stock that continues to be subject to restriction for tax purposes, so any dividends will be treated as compensation paid to you by Limestone, and will therefore be subject to withholding and FICA and Medicare taxes.

 -2- 

ELECTION TO INCLUDE VALUE

OF RESTRICTED STOCK AWARD IN GROSS INCOME

PURSUANT TO SECTION 83(b) OF THE INTERNAL REVENUE CODE

__________________________ [insert date]

The undersigned hereby elects, under IRC Section 83(b) to include in gross income, as compensation for services, the excess of the fair market value at the time of transfer of the property described below over the amount paid for such property.

The following information is supplied in accordance with Treasury Regulation §1.83-2(e):

1.     The name, address and social security number of the undersigned:

Name: __________________________

Address: ________________________________________________

________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________

SSN: __________________________________

2.     The property with respect to which the election is being made is common stock of Limestone Bancorp, Inc.

3.     The property was transferred on _____________________________ [insert date]. The taxable year for which election is made is calendar year 20____.

4.     The nature of the restrictions or risks of forfeiture to which the property is subject is that if the undersigned ceases to be employed by Limestone Bancorp or its subsidiary, the unvested portion of the undersigned's restricted stock will be forfeited. The undersigned vests in the property at the rate of 1/3 on each anniversary of the grant date or upon a change in control as defined in the Restricted Stock Grant Plan.

5.     The fair market value of property at the time of transfer (determined without regard to any lapse restriction) was $_____________.

6.     The taxpayer received the property solely for the performance of services.

7.     Copies of this statement have been have been furnished, as required by Reg 1.83-2(d), to Limestone Bancorp, Inc. and its subsidiary for which the services were performed.

___________________________________

Instructions for Filing: File this statement within 30 days from the Grant Date with IRS at the address you will use to file your 1040 for the tax year involved as stated in item 3 above, AND file it with your tax return for that year

-3-

EX-21.1

Exhibit 21.1

SUBSIDIARIES OF LIMESTONE BANCORP, INC.

Direct Subsidiary	Jurisdiction of Organization	Does Business As
Limestone Bank, Inc.	Kentucky	Limestone Bank, Inc.
Statutory Trust I	Connecticut	Statutory Trust I
Statutory Trust II	Connecticut	Statutory Trust II
Statutory Trust III	Connecticut	Statutory Trust III
Statutory Trust IV	Connecticut	Statutory Trust IV
PBIB Corporation, Inc.	Kentucky	PBIB Corporation, Inc.

Indirect Subsidiary	Jurisdiction of Organization	Does Business As	Parent Entity
PBI Title Services, LLC	Kentucky	PBI Title Services, LLC	Limestone Bank, Inc.

EX-23.1

Exhibit 23.1

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM 

We consent to the incorporation by reference in Registration Statement Nos. 333-188988; 333-189005; 333-202746; 333-202749; and 333-225384 on Form S-8 of Limestone Bancorp, Inc. of our report dated March 8, 2019 with respect to the consolidated financial statements and effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting of Limestone Bancorp, Inc., which report appears in this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Limestone Bancorp, Inc. for the year ended December 31, 2018.

/s/ Crowe LLP

Louisville, Kentucky

March 8, 2019

EX-31.1

Exhibit 31.1

LIMESTONE BANCORP, INC.

RULE 13A-14(A) CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER

I, John T. Taylor, Chief Executive Officer of Limestone Bancorp, Inc. (the “Company”), certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of the Company;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

Dated: March 8, 2019	/s/ John T. Taylor
	John T. Taylor Chief Executive Officer

EX-31.2

Exhibit 31.2

LIMESTONE BANCORP, INC.

RULE 13A-14(A) CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER

I, Phillip W. Barnhouse, Chief Financial Officer of Limestone Bancorp, Inc. (the “Company”), certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of the Company;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

Dated: March 8, 2019	/s/ Phillip W. Barnhouse
	Phillip W. Barnhouse Chief Financial Officer

EX-32.1

Exhibit 32.1

SECTION 906 CERTIFICATION

In connection with the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Limestone Bancorp, Inc. (the “Company”) for the annual period ended December 31, 2018, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, John T. Taylor, Chief Executive Officer of the Company, do hereby certify, in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d), as applicable, of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

	LIMESTONE BANCORP, INC.
Dated: March 8, 2019	By:	/s/ John T. Taylor
		John T. Taylor
		Chief Executive Officer

EX-32.2

Exhibit 32.2

SECTION 906 CERTIFICATION

In connection with the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Limestone Bancorp, Inc. (the “Company”) for the annual period ended December 31, 2018, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Phillip W. Barnhouse, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, do hereby certify, in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d), as applicable, of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

	LIMESTONE BANCORP, INC.
Dated: March 8, 2019	By:	/s/ Phillip W. Barnhouse
		Phillip W. Barnhouse
		Chief Financial Officer

XML

Document And Entity Information - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Feb. 28, 2019	Jun. 30, 2018
Document Information [Line Items]
Entity Registrant Name	LIMESTONE BANCORP, INC.
Entity Central Index Key	0001358356
Trading Symbol	lmst
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Entity Filer Category	Accelerated Filer
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Voluntary Filers	No
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer	No
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Small Business	true
Entity Public Float			$ 79,786,048
Document Type	10-K
Document Period End Date	Dec. 31, 2018
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2018
Document Fiscal Period Focus	FY
Amendment Flag	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Common Stock [Member]
Document Information [Line Items]
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding (in shares)		6,261,945
Nonvoting Common Stock [Member]
Document Information [Line Items]
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding (in shares)		1,220,000

XML

Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Assets
Cash and due from banks	$ 6,963	$ 8,137
Interest bearing deposits in banks	28,398	25,966
Cash and cash equivalents	35,361	34,103
Securities available for sale	201,192	152,720
Loans held for sale		70
Loans, net of allowance of $8,880 and $8,202, respectively	756,364	703,913
Premises and equipment, net	14,655	16,789
Premises held for sale	1,050
Other real estate owned	3,485	4,409
Federal Home Loan Bank stock	7,233	7,323
Bank owned life insurance	15,646	15,229
Deferred taxes, net	29,282	31,313
Accrued interest receivable and other assets	5,424	4,932
Total assets	1,069,692	970,801
Deposits
Non-interest bearing	142,618	137,386
Interest bearing	751,613	709,638
Total deposits	894,231	847,024
Federal Home Loan Bank advances	46,549	11,797
Accrued interest payable and other liabilities	5,815	6,057
Subordinated capital note		2,250
Junior subordinated debentures	21,000	21,000
Senior debt	10,000	10,000
Total liabilities	977,595	898,128
Commitments and contingent liabilities (Note 15)
Stockholders’ equity
Preferred stock		2,771
Common stock, no par, 39,000,000 shares authorized, 6,242,720 and 6,039,864 voting, and 1,220,000 and 220,000 non-voting shares issued and outstanding, respectively	140,639	125,729
Additional paid-in capital	24,287	24,497
Retained deficit	(66,201)	(75,108)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(6,628)	(5,216)
Total common stockholders’ equity	92,097	69,902
Total stockholders' equity	92,097	72,673
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	1,069,692	970,801
Series E Preferred Stock [Member]
Stockholders’ equity
Preferred stock		1,644
Series F Preferred Stock [Member]
Stockholders’ equity
Preferred stock		$ 1,127

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Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parentheticals) - USD ($) $ / shares in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Loans, allowance	$ 8,880,000	$ 8,202,000
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0	$ 0
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)	39,000,000	39,000,000
Series E Preferred Stock [Member]
Preferred stock, issued (in shares)		6,198
Preferred stock, outstanding (in shares)		6,198
Preferred stock, liquidation preference		$ 6,200
Preferred stock, no par (in dollars per share)	$ 0	$ 0
Series F Preferred Stock [Member]
Preferred stock, issued (in shares)		4,304
Preferred stock, outstanding (in shares)		4,304
Preferred stock, liquidation preference		$ 4,300
Preferred stock, no par (in dollars per share)	$ 0	$ 0
Voting Common Stock [Member]
Common stock, shares issued (in shares)	6,242,720	6,039,864
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	6,242,720	6,039,864
Nonvoting Common Stock [Member]
Common stock, shares issued (in shares)	1,220,000	220,000
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	1,220,000	220,000

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Consolidated Statements of Operations - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Interest income
Loans, including fees	$ 37,342	$ 31,866	$ 30,537
Taxable securities	4,880	4,399	3,886
Tax exempt securities	383	571	620
Federal funds sold and other	856	686	559
	43,461	37,522	35,602
Interest expense
Deposits	7,549	5,190	5,093
Federal Home Loan Bank advances	867	120	70
Senior debt	389	194
Junior subordinated debentures	946	753	671
Subordinated capital note	39	148	147
	9,790	6,405	5,981
Net interest income	33,671	31,117	29,621
Negative provision for loan losses	(500)	(800)	(2,450)
Net interest income after negative provision for loan losses	34,171	31,917	32,071
Non-interest income
Income from bank owned life insurance	437	412	417
Other real estate owned rental income			456
Net gain (loss) on sales and calls of investment securities	(6)	288	216
Other	1,162	930	868
	5,779	5,404	5,218
Non-interest expense
Salaries and employee benefits	15,489	15,090	15,508
Occupancy and equipment	3,586	3,420	3,517
FDIC insurance	557	1,412	1,660
Data processing expense	1,192	1,256	1,185
Marketing expense	1,114	1,098	973
State franchise and deposit tax	1,118	956	965
Deposit account related expense	823	896	787
Professional fees	814	978	1,568
Communications	701	722	706
Insurance expense	478	540	565
Postage and delivery	364	395	359
Litigation and loan collection expense	245	179	8,805
Other real estate owned expense	868	1,973	1,541
Other	1,777	1,852	1,882
	29,126	30,767	40,021
Income (loss) before income taxes	10,824	6,554	(2,732)
Income tax expense (benefit)	2,030	(31,899)	21
Net income (loss)	$ 8,794	$ 38,453	$ (2,753)
Basic and diluted income (loss) per common share (in dollars per share)	$ 1.23	$ 6.15	$ (0.46)
Deposit Account [Member]
Non-interest income
Non-interest income revenue	$ 2,355	$ 2,253	$ 1,958
Debit Card [Member]
Non-interest income
Non-interest income revenue	$ 1,831	$ 1,521	$ 1,303

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Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Net income (loss)	$ 8,794	$ 38,453	$ (2,753)
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Unrealized gain (loss) arising during the period	(1,652)	1,141	(1,917)
Transfer of investment securities from held to maturity to available for sale		702
Amortization during the period of net unrealized loss transferred to held to maturity		119	129
Reclassification of adjustment for (gains) losses included in net income (loss)	6	(288)	(216)
Net unrealized gain/(loss) recognized in comprehensive income	(1,646)	1,674	(2,004)
Tax effect	347	(587)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(1,299)	1,087	(2,004)
Comprehensive income (loss)	$ 7,495	$ 39,540	$ (4,757)

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Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Preferred Stock [Member] Series E Preferred Stock [Member]	Preferred Stock [Member] Series F Preferred Stock [Member]	Common Stock [Member] Voting Common Stock [Member]	Common Stock [Member] Nonvoting Common Stock [Member]	Common Stock [Member]	Additional Paid-in Capital [Member]	Retained Earnings [Member]	AOCI Attributable to Parent [Member]	Total
Balances (in shares)	6,198	4,304	4,017,907	1,371,600	5,389,507
Balances (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2015	6,198	4,304	4,017,907	1,371,600	5,389,507
Balances at Dec. 31, 2015	$ 1,644	$ 1,127			$ 120,699	$ 23,654	$ (110,808)	$ (4,299)	$ 32,017
Issuances of unvested stock (in shares)			35,465		34,465
Forfeited unvested stock (in shares)			(1,972)		(1,972)
Reverse stock split rounding shares (in shares)			1,533		1,533
Stock-based compensation expense						443			443
Net income (loss)							(2,753)		(2,753)
Net change in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of taxes								(2,004)	(2,004)
Issuance of stock (in shares)			580,000	220,000	800,000
Issuance of stock					$ 5,030				5,030
Balances (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2016	6,198	4,304	4,632,933	1,591,600	6,224,533
Balances at Dec. 31, 2016	$ 1,644	$ 1,127			$ 125,729	24,097	(113,561)	(6,303)	32,733
Balances (in shares)	6,198	4,304	4,017,907	1,371,600	5,389,507
Balances (in shares)	6,198	4,304	4,632,933	1,591,600	6,224,533
Issuances of unvested stock (in shares)			37,865		37,865
Forfeited unvested stock (in shares)			(1,316)		(1,316)
Reverse stock split rounding shares (in shares)			(1,218)		(1,218)
Stock-based compensation expense						400			400
Net income (loss)							38,453		38,453
Net change in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of taxes								1,087	1,087
Balances (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2017	6,198	4,304	6,039,864	220,000	6,259,864
Balances at Dec. 31, 2017	$ 1,644	$ 1,127			$ 125,729	24,497	(75,108)	(5,216)	72,673
Non-voting shares converted to voting (in shares)			1,371,600	(1,371,600)
Balances (in shares)	6,198	4,304	4,632,933	1,591,600	6,224,533
Balances (in shares)	6,198	4,304	6,039,864	220,000	6,259,864
Issuances of unvested stock (in shares)			52,856		52,856
Stock-based compensation expense						524			524
Net income (loss)							8,794		8,794
Net change in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of taxes								(1,299)	(1,299)
Issuance of stock (in shares)			150,000	1,000,000	1,150,000
Issuance of stock					$ 14,910				14,910
Balances (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2018			6,242,720	1,220,000	7,462,720
Balances at Dec. 31, 2018					$ 140,639	24,287	(66,201)	(6,628)	92,097
Balances (in shares)	6,198	4,304	6,039,864	220,000	6,259,864
Redemption and retirement of preferred shares (in shares)	(6,198)	(4,304)
Redemption and retirement of preferred shares	$ (1,644)	$ (1,127)				(734)			(3,505)
Reclassification of disproportionate tax effect due to change in federal tax rate							$ 113	$ (113)
Balances (in shares)			6,242,720	1,220,000	7,462,720

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Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income (loss)	$ 8,794,000	$ 38,453,000	$ (2,753,000)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash from operating activities
Depreciation and amortization	1,080,000	1,239,000	1,725,000
Negative provision for loan losses	(500,000)	(800,000)	(2,450,000)
Net amortization on securities	865,000	1,246,000	1,297,000
Stock-based compensation expense	524,000	400,000	443,000
Deferred taxes, net	2,376,000	(31,899,000)
Net gain on sales of loans held for sale	(1,000)	(46,000)	(86,000)
Origination of loans held for sale		(2,859,000)	(5,145,000)
Proceeds from sales of loans held for sale	71,000	2,835,000	5,417,000
Net gain on sales of other real estate owned	(72,000)	(74,000)	(222,000)
Net write-down of other real estate owned	850,000	1,963,000	1,180,000
Net realized (gain) loss on sales and calls of investment securities	6,000	(288,000)	(216,000)
Net (gain) loss on sale of premises and equipment	(692,000)	3,000	(1,000)
Impairment on transfer of premises to held for sale	392,000
Increase in cash surrender value of life insurance, net of premium expense	(417,000)	(391,000)	(397,000)
Net change in accrued interest receivable and other assets	(491,000)	2,079,000	(814,000)
Net change in accrued interest payable and other liabilities	(155,000)	(9,854,000)	8,133,000
Net cash from operating activities	12,630,000	2,007,000	6,111,000
Cash flows from investing activities
Purchases of available for sale securities	(77,159,000)	(21,112,000)	(41,827,000)
Proceeds from sales and calls of available for sale securities	6,054,000	41,686,000	8,311,000
Proceeds from maturities and prepayments of available for sale securities	20,116,000	21,838,000	22,876,000
Proceeds from calls of held to maturity securities		47,000
Proceeds from maturities of held to maturity securities		145,000
Proceeds from sale of other real estate owned	876,000	793,000	12,438,000
Proceeds from mandatory redemption of Federal Home Loan Bank stock	90,000
Net changes in loans	(52,885,000)	(73,202,000)	(22,368,000)
Proceeds from sale of premises and equipment	1,590,000	331,000	268,000
Purchases of premises and equipment	(1,168,000)	(284,000)	(464,000)
Purchase of bank owned life insurance			(5,000,000)
Net cash from investing activities	(102,486,000)	(29,758,000)	(25,766,000)
Cash flows from financing activities
Net change in deposits	47,207,000	(2,901,000)	(28,072,000)
Payment of Federal Home Loan Bank advances	(120,248,000)	(55,661,000)	(623,000)
Advances from Federal Home Loan Bank	155,000,000	45,000,000	20,000,000
Payment of subordinated capital note	(2,250,000)	(900,000)	(900,000)
Proceeds from senior debt		10,000,000
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net	14,910,000		2,231,000
Redemption of preferred stock	(3,505,000)
Net cash from financing activities	91,114,000	(4,462,000)	(7,364,000)
Net change in cash and cash equivalents	1,258,000	(32,213,000)	(27,019,000)
Beginning cash and cash equivalents	34,103,000	66,316,000	93,335,000
Ending cash and cash equivalents	35,361,000	34,103,000	66,316,000
Supplemental cash flow information:
Interest paid	10,607,000	5,665,000	5,253,000
Income taxes paid (refunded)			21,000
Supplemental non-cash disclosure:
Proceeds from common stock issuance directed by investors to pay junior subordinated debt interest			2,799,000
Transfer from loans to other real estate	730,000	270,000	1,273,000
Transfer from premises and equipment to premises and equipment held for sale	1,050,000
Financed sales of other real estate owned			270,000
Transfer from held to maturity to available for sale securities		41,380,000
AOCI component of transfer from held to maturity to available for sale, net of tax		$ 456,000

XML

Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Notes to Financial Statements

Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies [Text Block]

NOTE

1

– SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Nature of Operations and Principles of Consolidation

– The consolidated financial statements include Limestone Bancorp, Inc. (Company) and its subsidiary, Limestone Bank (Bank). The Company owns a

100%

interest in the Bank.

The Company provides financial services through its offices in Central and South Central Kentucky, Lexington and Louisville. Its primary deposit products are checking, savings, and term certificate accounts, and its primary lending products are residential mortgage, commercial, agricultural, and real estate loans. Substantially all loans are collateralized by specific items of collateral including business assets and real estate. Commercial loans are expected to be repaid from cash flow from operations of businesses. There are

no

significant concentrations of loans to any

one

industry or customer. However, borrowers’ ability to repay their loans is dependent on the real estate and general economic conditions in the area. Other financial instruments which potentially represent concentrations of credit risk include deposit accounts in other financial institutions, federal funds sold, municipal securities, collateralized loan obligations, corporate securities, and bank owned life insurance.

Use of Estimates

– To prepare financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, management makes estimates and assumptions based on available information. These estimates and assumptions affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and the disclosures provided, and future results could differ.

Cash

and Cash Equivalents

– For the purpose of presentation in the statements of cash flows, the Company considers all cash and amounts due from depository institutions as well as interest bearing deposits in banks that mature within

one

year and are carried at cost to be cash equivalents. Included in cash and due from banks and interest bearing deposits are amounts required to be held at the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis or maintained in vault cash in accordance with regulatory reserve requirements. The balance requirements were

$7.4

million and

$11.0

million at

December 31, 2018

and

2017,

respectively.

Securities

– Debt securities are classified as held to maturity and carried at amortized cost when management has the intent and ability to hold them to maturity. Debt securities are classified as available for sale when they might be sold before maturity. Securities available for sale are carried at fair value, with unrealized holding gains and losses reported in other comprehensive income.

Interest income includes amortization of purchase premium or discount. Premiums and discounts on securities are amortized on the level-yield method anticipating prepayments on mortgage backed securities. Gains and losses on sales are recorded on the trade date and determined using the specific identification method.

Management evaluates securities for other-than-temporary impairment (“OTTI”) on at least a quarterly basis, and more frequently when economic or market conditions warrant such an evaluation. For securities in an unrealized loss position, management considers the extent and duration of the unrealized loss, and the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer. Management also assesses whether it intends to sell, or it is more likely than

not

that it will be required to sell, a security in an unrealized loss position before recovery of its amortized cost basis. If either of the criteria regarding intent or requirement to sell is met, the entire difference between amortized cost and fair value is recognized as impairment through earnings. For debt securities that do

not

meet the aforementioned criteria, the amount of impairment is split into

1

) OTTI related to credit loss, which is recognized in the income statement and

2

) OTTI related to other factors, which is recognized in other comprehensive income. The credit loss is defined as the difference between the present value of the cash flows expected to be collected and the amortized cost basis.

Loans Held for Sale

– Loans held for sale include residential mortgage loans originated for sale into the secondary market and are carried at the lower of aggregate cost or fair value, as determined by outstanding commitments from investors. Net unrealized losses, if any, are recorded as a valuation allowance and charged to earnings.

Mortgage loans held for sale are generally sold with servicing rights released. If sold with servicing retained, the carrying value of mortgage loans sold is reduced by the amount allocated to the servicing right. Gains and losses on sales of mortgage loans are based on the difference between the selling price and the carrying value of the related loan sold.

Mortgage banking derivatives used in the ordinary course of business consist of mandatory forward sales contracts and rate lock loan commitments. Forward contracts represent future commitments to deliver loans at a specified price and date and are used to manage interest rate risk on loan commitments and mortgage loans held for sale. Rate lock commitments represent commitments to fund loans at a specific rate. These derivatives involve underlying items, such as interest rates, and are designed to transfer risk. Substantially all of these instruments expire within

60

days from the date of issuance. Notional amounts are amounts on which calculations and payments are based, but which do

not

represent credit exposure, as credit exposure is limited to the amounts required to be received or paid. Commitments to deliver loans and rate lock loan commitments were insignificant at year end.

Loans

– Loans that management has the intent and ability to hold for the foreseeable future or until maturity or payoff are reported at the principal balance outstanding, net of deferred loan fees and costs, and an allowance for loan losses. Interest income is accrued on the unpaid principal balance. Loan origination fees, net of certain direct origination costs, are deferred and recognized in interest income using the level-yield method without anticipating prepayments. The recorded investment in loans includes the outstanding principal balance and unamortized deferred origination costs and fees.

Interest income recognition on mortgage and commercial loans is discontinued at the time the loan is

90

days delinquent unless the loan is well collateralized and in process of collection. Consumer loans are typically charged off

no

later than

90

days past due. Past due status is based on the contractual terms of the loan. In all cases, loans are placed on nonaccrual or charged off at an earlier date if collection of principal or interest is

not

expected.

All interest accrued but

not

received for loans placed on nonaccrual is reversed against interest income. Interest received on such loans is accounted for on the cash-basis or cost-recovery method, until qualifying for return to accrual. Loans are returned to accrual status when all the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future payments are reasonably assured.

Allowance for Loan Losses

– The allowance for loan losses is a valuation allowance for probable incurred credit losses. Loan losses are charged against the allowance when management believes the uncollectability of a loan balance is confirmed. Subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance. Management estimates the allowance balance required using past loan loss experience, the nature and volume of the portfolio, information about specific borrower situations and estimated collateral values, economic conditions, and other factors. Allocations of the allowance

may

be made for specific loans, but the entire allowance is available for any loan that, in management’s judgment, should be charged off.

The allowance consists of specific and general components. The specific component relates to loans that are individually classified as impaired. A loan is deemed impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Bank will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Loans for which the terms have been modified resulting in a concession, and for which the borrower is experiencing financial difficulties, are considered troubled debt restructurings and treated as impaired.

Factors considered in determining impairment include payment status, collateral value, and the probability of collecting scheduled principal and interest payments when due. Loans that experience insignificant payment delays and payment shortfalls generally are

not

classified as impaired. The significance of payment delays and payment shortfalls is determined on a case-by-case basis, taking into consideration all of the circumstances surrounding the loan and the borrower, including the length of the delay, the reasons for the delay, the borrower’s prior payment record, and the amount of the shortfall in relation to the principal and interest owed.

If a loan is impaired, a portion of the allowance is allocated so that the loan is reported, net, at the present value of estimated future cash flows using the loan’s existing rate or at the fair value of collateral if repayment is expected solely from the collateral. Large groups of smaller balance homogeneous loans, such as consumer and residential real estate loans, are collectively evaluated for impairment and are

not

separately identified for impairment disclosures. Troubled debt restructurings are separately identified for impairment disclosures and are measured at the present value of estimated future cash flows using the loan’s effective rate at inception. If a troubled debt restructuring is considered to be a collateral dependent loan, the loan is reported at the fair value of the collateral. For troubled debt restructurings that subsequently default, the amount of reserve is determined in accordance with the accounting policy for the allowance for loan losses.

The general component covers non-impaired loans and is based on historical loss experience adjusted for current factors. The historical loss experience is determined by portfolio segment and is based on actual loss history experienced over the most recent

five

years with equal weighting. This actual loss experience is supplemented with other economic factors based on the risks present for each portfolio segment. These economic factors include consideration of the following: changes in lending policies, procedures, and practices; effects of any change in risk selection and underwriting standards; national and local economic trends and conditions; industry conditions; trends in volume and terms of loans; experience, ability and depth of lending management and other relevant staff; levels of and trends in delinquencies and impaired loans; levels of and trends in charge-offs and recoveries; and effects of changes in credit concentrations.

A portfolio segment is defined as the level at which an entity develops and documents a systematic methodology to determine its allowance for loan losses. Management identified the following portfolio segments: commercial, commercial real estate, residential real estate, consumer, agricultural, and other.

● Commercial loans are made to businesses and depend on the strength of the industries, related borrowers, and cash flow from the businesses. Commercial loans are advances for equipment purchases, or to provide working capital, or to meet other financing needs of business enterprises. These loans may be secured by accounts receivable, inventory, equipment or other business assets. Financial information is obtained from the borrowers to evaluate their ability to repay the loans.

● Commercial real estate loans are affected by the local commercial real estate market and the local economy. Commercial real estate loans include loans on commercial properties occupied by borrowers and/or tenants. Construction and development loans are a component of this segment. These loans are generally secured by land under development or homes and commercial buildings under construction. Loans secured by farmland are also a component of this segment. Appraisals are obtained to support the loan amount. Financial information is obtained from the borrowers and/or the individual project to evaluate cash flows sufficiency to service the debt.

● Residential real estate loans are affected by the local residential real estate market, local economy, and, for variable rate mortgages, movement in indices tied to these loans. For owner occupied residential loans, the borrowers’ repayment ability is evaluated through a review of credit scores and debt to income ratios. For non-owner occupied residential loans, such as rental real estate, financial information is obtained from the borrowers and/or the individual project to evaluate cash flows sufficiency to service the debt. Appraisals are obtained to support the loan amount.

● Consumer loans depend on local economies. Consumer loans are generally unsecured, but may be secured by consumer assets. Management evaluates the borrowers’ repayment ability through a review of credit scores and an evaluation of debt to income ratios. Consumer loans may be for consumer goods purchases, cash flow needs, or for student loans or student debt refinances.

● Agriculture loans depend on the industries tied to these loans and are generally secured by livestock, crops, and/or equipment, but may be unsecured. Management evaluates the borrowers’ repayment ability through financial and business performance review.

● Other loans include loans to municipalities, loans secured by stock, and overdrafts. For municipal loans, management evaluates the borrowers’ revenue streams as well as ability to repay form general funds. For loans secured by stock, management evaluates the market value of the stock securing the loan in relation to the loan amount. Overdrafts are funded based on pre-established criteria related to the deposit account relationship.

Management analyzes key relevant risk characteristics for each portfolio segment having determined that loans in each segment possess similar general risk characteristics that are analyzed in connection with loan underwriting processes and procedures. In determining the allocated allowance, the weighted average loss rates over the most recent

five

years are used with equal weighting. Commercial real estate qualitative adjustment considerations include trends in the markets for underlying collateral values, risks related to tenant rents, and economic factors such as decreased sales demand, elevated inventory levels, and declining collateral values. Residential real estate loan considerations include macro economic factors such as unemployment rates, trends in vacancy rates, and home value trends. The commercial and agricultural portfolio qualitative adjustments are related to economic and portfolio performance trends. The agricultural, consumer and other portfolios are less significant in terms of size and risk is assessed based on the smaller dollar size of these loans and the geographical areas where the collateral is located.

Transfers of Financial Assets

– Transfers of financial assets are accounted for as sales, when control over the assets has been relinquished. Control over transferred assets is deemed to be surrendered when the assets have been isolated from the Company, the transferee obtains the right (free of conditions that constrain it from taking advantage of that right) to pledge or exchange the transferred assets, and the Company does

not

maintain effective control over the transferred assets through an agreement to repurchase them before their maturity.

Other Real Estate Owned

(“OREO”) – Assets acquired through or instead of loan foreclosure are initially recorded at fair value less estimated costs to sell when acquired, establishing a new cost basis. These assets are subsequently accounted for at the lower of cost or fair value, less estimated costs to sell. If fair value declines subsequent to foreclosure, a write-down is recorded through expense. Costs after acquisition are expensed.

Premises and Equipment

– Land is carried at cost. Premises and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Buildings and related components are depreciated using the straight-line method with useful lives generally ranging from

5

to

40

years. Furniture, fixtures and equipment are depreciated using the straight-line or accelerated method with useful lives generally ranging from

2

to

10

years.

Premises and equipment held for sale are recorded at fair value less estimated cost to sell at the time of transfer based upon independent

third

party appraisal. If fair value declines subsequent to transfer, write-downs are recorded through expense.

Premises and equipment are reviewed for impairment when events indicate their carrying amount

may

not

be recoverable from future undiscounted cash flows. If impaired, the assets are recorded at fair value through a charge to earnings.

Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) Stock

– The Bank is a member of the FHLB system. Members are required to own a certain amount of stock based on the level of borrowings and other factors, and

may

invest in additional amounts. FHLB stock is carried at cost, classified as a restricted security, and periodically evaluated for impairment. Because this stock is viewed as long term investment, impairment is based on ultimate recovery of par value. Both cash and stock dividends are reported as income.

Bank Owned Life Insurance

– The Bank has purchased life insurance policies on certain key executives. Company owned life insurance is recorded at the amount that can be realized under the insurance contract at the balance sheet date, which is the cash surrender value adjusted for other charges or other amounts due that are probable at settlement.

Benefit Plans

– Employee

401

(k) plan expense is the amount of matching contributions. Deferred compensation and supplemental retirement plan expense allocates the benefits over years of service.

Stock-Based Compensation

– Compensation cost is recognized for unvested stock awards issued to employees, based on the fair value of these awards at the date of grant. The market price of the Corporation’s common stock at the date of grant is used for restricted stock awards. Compensation cost is recognized over the required service period, generally defined as the vesting period. For awards with graded vesting, compensation cost is recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period for the entire award.

Income Taxes

– Income tax expense is the total of the current year income tax due or refundable and the change in deferred tax assets and liabilities. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are the expected future tax amounts for the temporary differences between carrying amounts and tax bases of assets and liabilities, computed using enacted tax rates. A valuation allowance, if needed, reduces deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.

A tax position is recognized as a benefit only if it is "more likely than

not"

that the tax position would be sustained in a tax examination, with a tax examination being presumed to occur. The amount recognized is the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than

50%

likely of being realized on examination. For tax positions

not

meeting the "more likely than

not"

test,

no

tax benefit is recorded. The Company recognizes interest and/or penalties related to income tax matters in income tax expense.

Loan Commitments and Related Financial Instruments

– Financial instruments include off-balance sheet credit instruments, such as commitments to make loans and commercial letters of credit, issued to meet customer-financing needs. The face amount for these items represents the exposure to loss, before considering customer collateral or ability to repay. Such financial instruments are recorded when they are funded.

Comprehensive

Income (

Loss

)

– Comprehensive loss consists of net income (loss) and other comprehensive income (loss). Other comprehensive income (loss) includes unrealized gains and losses on securities available for sale, which are also recognized as a separate component of equity.

Earnings

(Loss)

Per Common Share

– Basic earnings (loss) per common share are net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders divided by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings (loss) per common share include the dilutive effect, if any, of additional potential common shares issuable under stock options, warrants, and any convertible securities. Earnings (loss) and dividends per share are restated for all stock splits and dividends through the date of issue of the financial statements.

Earnings (Loss) Allocated to Participating Securities –

The Company has issued and outstanding unvested common shares to employees and directors through the stock incentive plan. Earnings (loss) are allocated to these participating securities based on their percentage of total issued and outstanding shares.

Loss Contingencies

– Loss contingencies, including claims and legal actions arising in the normal course of business, are recorded as liabilities when the likelihood of loss is probable and an amount or range of loss can be reasonably estimated.

Dividend Restriction

s

– Banking regulations require maintaining certain capital levels and

may

limit the dividends paid by the Bank to the Company or by the Company to shareholders.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

– Fair values of financial instruments are estimated using relevant market information and other assumptions. Fair value estimates involve uncertainties and matters of significant judgment regarding interest rates, credit risk, prepayments, and other factors, especially in the absence of broad markets for particular items. Changes in assumptions or in market conditions could significantly affect the estimates.

D

erivative

I

nstruments

–

Derivative Instruments are carried at fair value and reflect the estimated amounts that would have been received to terminate these contracts at the reporting date based upon pricing or valuation models applied to current market information.

As part of the asset/liability management program, the Company utilizes, from time to time, risk participation agreements to reduce its sensitivity to changing interest rates. These are derivative instruments, which are recorded as assets or liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets at fair value. Changes in the fair values of derivatives are reported in the consolidated statements of operations or other comprehensive income (“OCI”) depending on the use of the derivative and whether the instrument qualifies for hedge accounting. The key criterion for the hedge accounting is that the hedged relationship must be found to be effective as determined by FASB ASC

815

Derivatives and Hedging.

Derivatives that qualify for the hedge accounting treatment are designated as either: a hedge of the fair value of the recognized asset or liability or of an unrecognized commitment (a fair value hedge) or a hedge of a forecasted transaction or the variability of cash flows to be received or paid related to a recognized asset or liability (a cash flow hedge). To date, the Company has

not

entered into a cash flow hedge. For cash flow hedges, changes in the fair values of the derivative instruments are reported in OCI to the extent the hedge is effective. The gains and losses on derivative instruments that are reported in OCI are reflected in the consolidated statements of income in the periods in which the results of operations are impacted by the variability of the cash flows of the hedged item. Generally, net interest income is increased or decreased by amounts receivable or payable with respect to the derivatives, which qualify for hedge accounting. At inception of the hedge, a Company must establish the method it uses for assessing the effectiveness of the hedging derivative and the measurement approach for determining the ineffective aspect of the hedge. The ineffective portion of the hedge, if any, is recognized currently in the consolidated statements of operations and time value expiration of the hedge when measuring ineffectiveness is excluded.

The risk participation agreements are

not

designated against specific assets or liabilities under ASC

815,

and, therefore, do

not

qualify for hedge accounting. The derivatives are recorded on the balance sheet at fair value and changes in fair value of both the borrower and the offsetting swap agreements are recorded (and essentially offset) in non-interest income. The fair value of the derivative instruments incorporates a consideration of credit risk in accordance with ASC

820,

resulting in some volatility in earnings each period.

New Accounting Standards

–

In

May 2014,

FASB issued ASU

2014

-

09,

Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic

606

) (“ASC

606”

). The ASU provides guidance on revenue recognition for entities that enter into contracts with customers to transfer goods or services or enter into contracts for the transfer of nonfinancial assets. The core principle of the guidance is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The majority of the Company’s revenues come from interest income and other sources, including loans and securities that are outside the scope of ASC

606.

The Company’s services that fall within the scope of ASC

606

are presented in non-interest income and are recognized as revenue as the Company satisfies its obligation to the customer. Services within the scope of ASC

606

include service charges on deposit accounts, bank card interchange income, and the sale of OREO. Additional disclosures are required to provide quantitative and qualitative information regarding the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. The new guidance became effective for the Company on

January 1, 2018.

The impact of adopting this new guidance did

not

have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements, but did result in additional disclosures, which have been incorporated into

“Note

19

– Revenue from Contracts with Customers.”

In

January 2016,

the FASB issued an update ASU

No.

 

2016

-

01,

Financial Instruments – Overall (Subtopic

825

-

10

): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities. The amendments in this update impact public business entities as follows:

1

) Require equity investments (except those accounted for under the equity method of accounting or those that result in consolidation of the investee) to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income.

2

) Simplify the impairment assessment of equity investments without readily determinable fair values by requiring a qualitative assessment to identify impairment. When a qualitative assessment indicates that impairment exists, an entity is required to measure the investment at fair value.

3

) Eliminate the requirement to disclose the methods and significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value that is required to be disclosed for financial instruments measured at amortized cost on the balance sheet.

4

) Require entities to use the exit price notion when measuring the fair value of financial instruments for disclosure purposes.

5

) Require an entity to present separately in other comprehensive income the portion of the total change in fair value of a liability resulting from a change in the instrument-specific credit risk when the entity has elected to measure the liability at fair value in accordance with the fair value option for financial instruments.

6

) Require separate presentation of financial assets and financial liabilities by measurement category and form of financial asset (that is, securities or loans and receivables) on the balance sheet or the accompanying notes to the financial statements.

7

) Clarify that an entity should evaluate the need for a valuation allowance on a deferred tax asset related to available-for-sale securities in combination with the entity’s other deferred tax assets. The amendments in this update became effective for the Company on

January 1, 2018.

The impact of adopting the new guidance did

not

have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements, but did require additional disclosures. The additional disclosures have been incorporated into

“Note

16

– Fair Value

s

.”

In

February 2016,

the FASB issued an update ASU

No.

2016

-

02,

Leases (Topic

842

). Under the new guidance, lessees will be required to recognize the following for all leases, with the exception of short-term leases, at the commencement date: a lease liability, which is a lessee’s obligation to make lease payments arising from a lease, measured on a discounted basis; and a right-of-use asset, which is an asset that represents the lessee’s right to use, or control the use of, a specified asset for the lease term. Under the new guidance, lessor accounting in largely unchanged. The amendments in this update become effective for annual periods and interim periods within those annual periods beginning after

December 15, 2018.

Based on the Company’s existing lease agreements, the impact of adopting the new guidance on the consolidated financial statements was the recording of a lease liability and a right of use asset of approximately

$700,000

on

January 1, 2019.

In

June 2016,

the FASB issued ASU

No.

2016

-

13,

Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic

326

): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. The final standard will change estimates for credit losses related to financial assets measured at amortized cost such as loans, held-to-maturity debt securities, and certain other contracts. For estimating credit losses, the FASB is replacing the incurred loss model with an expected loss model, which is referred to as the current expected credit loss (CECL) model. Under the CECL model, certain financial assets that are carried at amortized cost, such as loans held for investment and held-to-maturity debt securities, are required to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected. The measurement of expected credit losses is to be based on information about past events, including historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectability of the reported amount. This measurement will take place at the time the financial asset is

first

added to the balance sheet and periodically thereafter. This differs significantly from the “incurred loss” model required under current GAAP, which delays recognition until it is probable a loss has been incurred. The change could materially affect how the allowance for loan losses is determined. The standard is effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after

December 15, 2019.

As previously disclosed, management has formed a cross functional committee that has overseen the enhancement of existing technology required to source and model data for the purpose of meeting this standard. The committee has selected a vendor to assist in generating loan level cash flows and disclosures. The project plan is targeting data and model validation completion during the

first

half of

2019,

with parallel processing the existing model with the CECL model for

two

to

three

quarters prior to implementation, depending on how model completion and validation occurs. During

2019,

management is focused on refining assumptions and continued review and challenges to the model. Additionally, management is researching and resolving interpretive accounting issues in the ASU, contemplating various accounting policies, developing processes and related controls, and considering various reporting disclosures. The impact of CECL model implementation is being evaluated, but it is expected that a

one

-time cumulative-effect adjustment to the allowance for loan losses will be recognized in retained earnings on the consolidated balance sheet as of the beginning of the

first

reporting period in which the new standard is effective, as is consistent with regulatory expectations set forth in interagency guidance. The magnitude of any adjustment or the overall impact of the new standard on financial condition or results of operation cannot yet be determined; however, management expects to identify a range in the Quarterly Report on Form

10

-Q for the quarterly period ended

September 30, 2019.

In

December 2018,

the OCC, The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, and the FDIC approved a final rule to address changes to the credit loss accounting under GAAP, including banking organizations’ implementation of CECL. The final rule provides banking organizations the option to phase in over a

three

-year period the day-

one

adverse effects on regulatory capital that

may

result from adoption of the new accounting standard.

In

March 2017,

the FASB issued ASU

No.

2017

-

08,

Receivables – Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs (Subtopic

310

-

20

): Premium Amortization of Purchased Callable Debt Securities. The final standard will shorten the amortization period for premiums on callable debt securities by requiring that premiums be amortized to the

first

(or earliest) call date instead of as an adjustment to the yield over the contractual life. The standard is effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after

December 15, 2018.

Adoption of this new guidance will

not

have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.

In

February 2018,

the FASB issued ASU

No.

2018

-

02,

Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic

220

): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects From Other Comprehensive Income. The final standard allows institutions to elect to reclassify the stranded tax effects from AOCI to retained earnings, limited to amounts in AOCI that are affected by the tax reform law. This includes re-measuring deferred tax assets and liabilities related to items presented in AOCI at the newly enacted tax rate and on other income tax effects of items remaining in AOCI. The standard is effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after

December 15, 2018,

and interim periods during

2018.

Early adoption was permitted. The Company adopted the standard on

January 1, 2018

and adoption did

not

have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements as it resulted in a

$113,000

entry between AOCI and retained deficit.

XML

Note 2 - Securities

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Notes to Financial Statements

Investments in Debt and Marketable Equity Securities (and Certain Trading Assets) Disclosure [Text Block]

N

OTE

2

– SECURITIES

Securities are classified as available for sale (AFS). AFS securities

may

be sold if needed for liquidity, asset liability management, or other reasons. AFS securities are reported at fair value, with unrealized gains or losses included as a separate component of equity, net of tax.

The amortized cost and fair value of securities and the related gross unrealized gains and losses recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) were as follows:

	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value
December 31, 201 8	(in thousands)
Available for sale
U.S. Government and federal agency	$	23,280	$	2	$	(722	)	$	22,560
Agency mortgage-backed: residential		87,689		192		(1,891	)		85,990
Collateralized loan obligations		49,942		—		(103	)		49,839
State and municipal		32,841		230		(259	)		32,812
Corporate bonds		9,890		127		(26	)		9,991
Total available for sale	$	203,642	$	551	$	(3,001	)	$	201,192

	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value
December 31, 201 7	(in thousands)
Available for sale
U.S. Government and federal agency	$	22,105	$	2	$	(483	)	$	21,624
Agency mortgage-backed: residential		65,935		117		(1,087	)		64,965
Collateralized loan obligations		25,343		182		(20	)		25,505
State and municipal		33,303		508		(101	)		33,710
Corporate bonds		6,838		78		—			6,916
Total available for sale	$	153,524	$	887	$	(1,691	)	$	152,720

In

2013,

the Bank transferred a portion of its tax-free municipal and taxable municipal bond portfolios from AFS to held to maturity (HTM). At that time, the transfer occurred at fair value with the unrealized loss of

$1.3

million remaining in other comprehensive income. That unrealized loss was subsequently amortized on the level yield method out of other comprehensive income with an offsetting entry reducing interest income as a yield adjustment through earnings.

No

gain or loss was recorded at the time of transfer in

2013.

Given the Bank’s balance sheet composition, interest rate risk profile, the tax environment, and the Bank’s strategic plan, management reassessed the classification of the HTM securities and, effective

December 1, 2017,

transferred

$41.4

million of tax-free municipals and taxable municipals from HTM to AFS. As a result, the

$702,000

in remaining unamortized loss from the

2013

transfer was reclassified through a book value adjustment of these securities. At

December 31, 2017,

these securities were carried at fair value with unrealized holding gains and losses reported in other comprehensive income, net of tax, with the remaining securities classified as AFS.

Sales and calls of securities were as follows:

	201 8		201 7		201 6
	(in thousands)
Proceeds	$	6,054	$	41,733	$	8,311
Gross gains		—		449		245
Gross losses		6		161		29

The tax provision related to net gains and losses realized on sales was an income tax benefit of

$1,000

for

2018

and an income tax expense of

$101,000,

and

$76,000

for

2017

and

2016,

respectively.

The amortized cost and fair value of our debt securities are shown by contractual maturity. Expected maturities

may

differ from actual maturities when borrowers have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. Mortgage-backed securities

not

due at a single maturity date are shown separately. 

	December 31, 201 8
	Amortized Cost		Fair Value
	(in thousands)
Maturity
Available for sale
Within one year	$	27,583	$	27,662
One to five years		75,548		74,964
Five to ten years		12,822		12,576
Agency mortgage-backed: residential		87,689		85,990
Total	$	203,642	$	201,192

Securities pledged at year-end

2018

and

2017

had carrying values of approximately

$64.4

million and

$76.8

million, respectively, and were pledged to secure public deposits.

At

December 31, 2018

and

2017,

the Bank held securities issued by the Commonwealth of Kentucky or Kentucky municipalities having a book value of

$15.3

million and

$15.4

million, respectively. At year-end

2018,

there were

no

other holdings of securities of any

one

issuer, other than the U.S. Government and its agencies, in an amount greater than

10%

of stockholders’ equity.

The Bank owns Collateralized Loan Obligations (CLOs), which are debt securities secured by professionally managed portfolios of senior-secured loans to corporations. CLO managers are typically large non-bank financial institutions or banks and are typically

$300

million to

$1

billion in size, contain

one hundred

or more loans and have

five

to

six

credit tranches ranging from AAA, AA, A, BBB, BB, B and equity tranche. Interest and principal are paid

first

to the AAA tranche then to the next lower rated tranche. Losses are borne

first

by the equity tranche then by the subsequently higher rated tranche. CLOs

may

be less liquid than government securities from time to time and volatility in the CLO market

may

cause the value of these investments to decline.

The market value of CLOs

may

be affected by, among other things, changes in composition of the underlying loans, changes in the cash flows from the underlying loans, defaults and recoveries on the underlying loans, capital gains and losses on the underlying loans, and prepayments on the underlying loans.

At

December 31, 2018,

$33.1

million and

$16.7

million of our CLOs were AA and A rated, respectively. There were

no

CLOs rated below A and

none

of the CLOs were subject to ratings downgrade in

2018.

All of our CLOs are floating rate, with rates set on a quarterly basis at

three

month LIBOR plus a spread.

The Company evaluates securities for other-than-temporary impairment at least on a quarterly basis, and more frequently when economic or market concerns warrant such evaluation. Consideration is given to the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been less than cost, the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer, underlying credit quality of the issuer, and the intent and ability of the Company to retain its investment in the issuer for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in fair value. In analyzing an issuer’s financial condition, the Company

may

consider whether the securities are issued by the federal government or its agencies, whether downgrades by bond rating agencies have occurred, the sector or industry trends and cycles affecting the issuer, and the results of reviews of the issuer’s financial condition. As of

December 

31,

2018,

management does

not

believe any securities in the portfolio with unrealized losses should be classified as other than temporarily impaired.

Securities with unrealized losses at

December 31, 2018

and

December 31, 2017,

aggregated by investment category and length of time the individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, are as follows:

	Less than 12 Months					12 Months or More					Total
Description of Securities	Fair Value		Unrealized Loss			Fair Value		Unrealized Loss			Fair Value		Unrealized Loss
	(in thousands)
201 8
Available for sale
U.S. Government and federal agency	$	3,431	$	(57	)	$	17,212	$	(665	)	$	20,643	$	(722	)
Agency mortgage-backed: residential		30,229		(343	)		40,932		(1,548	)		71,161		(1,891	)
Collateralized loan obligations		48,294		(103	)		—		—			48,294		(103	)
State and municipal		6,133		(29	)		7,252		(230	)		13,385		(259	)
Corporate Bonds		3,569		(26	)		—		—			3,569		(26	)
Total temporarily impaired	$	91,656	$	(558	)	$	65,396	$	(2,443	)	$	157,052	$	(3,001	)

	Less than 12 Months					12 Months or More					Total
Description of Securities	Fair Value		Unrealized Loss			Fair Value		Unrealized Loss			Fair Value		Unrealized Loss
	(in thousands)
201 7
Available for sale
U.S. Government and federal agency	$	5,788	$	(97	)	$	14,121	$	(386	)	$	19,909	$	(483	)
Agency mortgage-backed: residential		21,104		(172	)		27,158		(915	)		48,262		(1,087	)
Collateralized loan obligations		6,038		(20	)		—		—			6,038		(20	)
State and municipal		7,492		(101	)		—		—			7,492		(101	)
Total temporarily impaired	$	40,422	$	(390	)	$	41,279	$	(1,301	)	$	81,701	$	(1,691	)

XML

Note 3 - Loans

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Notes to Financial Statements

Loans, Notes, Trade and Other Receivables Disclosure [Text Block]

N

OTE

3

– LOANS

Loans net of unearned income, deferred loan origination costs, and net premiums on acquired loans by class were as follows:

	201 8			201 7
	(in thousands)
Commercial	$	129,368		$	113,771
Commercial Real Estate:
Construction		86,867			57,342
Farmland		77,937			88,320
Nonfarm nonresidential		172,177			156,724
Residential Real Estate:
Multi-family		49,757			56,588
1-4 Family		175,761			179,222
Consumer		39,104			18,439
Agriculture		33,737			41,154
Other		536			555
Subtotal		765,244			712,115
Less: Allowance for loan losses		(8,880	)		(8,202	)
Loans, net	$	756,364		$	703,913

The following table presents the activity in the allowance for loan losses by portfolio segment for the year ended

December 31, 2018,

2017,

and

2016:

	Commercial			Commercial Real Estate			Residential Real Estate			Consumer			Agriculture			Other			Total
December 31, 201 8 :	(in thousands)
Beginning balance	$	892		$	4,032		$	2,900		$	64		$	313		$	1		$	8,202
Provision (negative provision)		196			(192	)		(599	)		92			6			(3	)		(500	)
Loans charged off		(50	)		(198	)		(252	)		(95	)		(13	)		(8	)		(616	)
Recoveries		261			1,034			403			69			15			12			1,794
Ending balance	$	1,299		$	4,676		$	2,452		$	130		$	321		$	2		$	8,880

	Commercial			Commercial Real Estate			Residential Real Estate			Consumer			Agriculture			Other			Total
Dec ember 3 1 , 201 7 :	(in thousands)
Beginning balance	$	475		$	4,894		$	3,426		$	8		$	162		$	2		$	8,967
Provision (negative provision)		363			(1,223	)		(129	)		(8	)		213			(16	)		(800	)
Loans charged off		(5	)		(58	)		(692	)		(51	)		(95	)		–			(901	)
Recoveries		59			419			295			115			33			15			936
Ending balance	$	892		$	4,032		$	2,900		$	64		$	313		$	1		$	8,202
Dec ember 3 1 , 201 6 :
Beginning balance	$	818		$	6,993		$	3,984		$	122		$	122		$	2		$	12,041
Provision (negative provision)		(401	)		(2,438	)		749			(314	)		(56	)		10			(2,450	)
Loans charged off		(276	)		(505	)		(1,652	)		(99	)		(18	)		(79	)		(2,629	)
Recoveries		334			844			345			299			114			69			2,005
Ending balance	$	475		$	4,894		$	3,426		$	8		$	162		$	2		$	8,967

The following table presents the balance in the allowance for loan losses and the recorded investment in loans by portfolio segment and based on the impairment method as of

December 31, 2018:

	Commercial		Commercial Real Estate		Residential Real Estate		Consumer		Agriculture		Other		Total
	(in thousands)
Allowance for loan losses:
Ending allowance balance attributable to loans:
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	–	$	35	$	168	$	–	$	–	$	–	$	203
Collectively evaluated for impairment		1,299		4,641		2,284		130		321		2		8,677
Total ending allowance balance	$	1,299	$	4,676	$	2,452	$	130	$	321	$	2	$	8,880
Loans:
Loans individually evaluated for impairment	$	53	$	510	$	2,348	$	–	$	–	$	–	$	2,911
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment		129,315		336,471		223,170		39,104		33,737		536		762,333
Total ending loans balance	$	129,368	$	336,981	$	225,518	$	39,104	$	33,737	$	536	$	765,244

The following table presents the balance in the allowance for loan losses and the recorded investment in loans by portfolio segment and based on the impairment method as of

December 31, 2017:

	Commercial		Commercial Real Estate		Residential Real Estate		Consumer		Agriculture		Other		Total
	(in thousands)
Allowance for loan losses:
Ending allowance balance attributable to loans:
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	13	$	–	$	206	$	–	$	–	$	–	$	219
Collectively evaluated for impairment		879		4,032		2,694		64		313		1		7,983
Total ending allowance balance	$	892	$	4,032	$	2,900	$	64	$	313	$	1	$	8,202
Loans:
Loans individually evaluated for impairment	$	587	$	2,635	$	3,950	$	1	$	–	$	–	$	7,173
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment		113,184		299,751		231,860		18,438		41,154		555		704,942
Total ending loans balance	$	113,771	$	302,386	$	235,810	$	18,439	$	41,154	$	555	$	712,115

Im

paired Loans

Impaired loans include restructured loans and loans on nonaccrual or classified as doubtful, whereby collection of the total amount is improbable, or loss, whereby all or a portion of the loan has been written off or a specific allowance for loss had been provided.

The following table presents information related to loans individually evaluated for impairment by class of loan as of and for the year ended

December 31, 2018:

	Unpaid Principal Balance		Recorded Investment		Allowance For Loan Losses Allocated		Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized		Cash Basis Income Recognized
	(in thousands)
With No Related Allowance Recorded:
Commercial	$	120	$	53	$	—	$	125	$	1	$	1
Commercial real estate:
Construction		—		—		—		—		—		—
Farmland		1,860		89		—		1,156		525		360
Nonfarm nonresidential		402		262		—		327		19		—
Residential real estate:
Multi-family		—		—		—		—		—		—
1-4 Family		2,678		1,628		—		1,964		164		111
Consumer		12		—		—		1		—		—
Agriculture		—		—		—		—		7		6
Other		—		—		—		—		—		—
Subtotal		5,072		2,032		—		3,573		716		478
With An Allowance Recorded:
Commercial		—		—		—		60		3		—
Commercial real estate:
Construction		—		—		—		—		—		—
Farmland		—		—		—		—		—		—
Nonfarm nonresidential		159		159		35		100		—		—
Residential real estate:
Multi-family		—		—		—		—		—		—
1-4 Family		720		720		168		1,111		44		—
Consumer		—		—		—		—		—		—
Agriculture		—		—		—		—		—		—
Other		—		—		—		—		—		—
Subtotal		879		879		203		1,271		47		—
Total	$	5,951	$	2,911	$	203	$	4,844	$	763	$	478

The following table presents information related to loans individually evaluated for impairment by class of loan as of and for the year ended

December 31, 2017:

	Unpaid Principal Balance		Recorded Investment		Allowance For Loan Losses Allocated		Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized		Cash Basis Income Recognized
	(in thousands)
With No Related Allowance Recorded:
Commercial	$	703	$	487	$	—	$	495	$	7	$	7
Commercial real estate:
Construction		—		—		—		—		—		—
Farmland		3,687		2,059		—		2,651		210		210
Nonfarm nonresidential		1,047		576		—		716		59		47
Residential real estate:
Multi-family		—		—		—		820		—		—
1-4 Family		4,293		2,787		—		2,884		143		143
Consumer		9		1		—		2		2		2
Agriculture		—		—		—		24		1		1
Other		—		—		—		—		—		—
Subtotal		9,739		5,910		—		7,592		422		410
With An Allowance Recorded:
Commercial		100		100		13		100		7		—
Commercial real estate:
Construction		—		—		—		—		—		—
Farmland		—		—		—		235		—		—
Nonfarm nonresidential		—		—		—		238		14		—
Residential real estate:
Multi-family		—		—		—		—		—		—
1-4 Family		1,163		1,163		206		1,404		68		—
Consumer		—		—		—		—		—		—
Agriculture		—		—		—		24		—		—
Other		—		—		—		—		—		—
Subtotal		1,263		1,263		219		2,001		89		—
Total	$	11,002	$	7,173	$	219	$	9,593	$	511	$	410

The following table presents information related to loans individually evaluated for impairment by class of loan as of and for the year ended

December 31, 2016:

	Unpaid Principal Balance		Recorded Investment		Allowance For Loan Losses Allocated		Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized		Cash Basis Income Recognized
	(in thousands)
With No Related Allowance Recorded:
Commercial	$	707	$	495	$	—	$	758	$	39	$	39
Commercial real estate:
Construction		—		—		—		156		9		—
Farmland		5,566		3,742		—		4,188		94		95
Nonfarm nonresidential		4,502		1,219		—		4,699		310		189
Residential real estate:
Multi-family		4,100		4,100		—		2,608		287		1
1-4 Family		4,663		2,910		—		5,509		162		94
Consumer		41		1		—		7		8		8
Agriculture		—		—		—		73		28		28
Other		—		—		—		—		—		—
Subtotal		19,579		12,467		—		17,998		937		454
With An Allowance Recorded:
Commercial		100		100		13		20		6		—
Commercial real estate:
Construction		—		—		—		—		—		—
Farmland		614		590		5		358		—		—
Nonfarm nonresidential		303		303		30		398		23		—
Residential real estate:
Multi-family		—		—		—		2,506		101		—
1-4 Family		1,676		1,611		350		1,659		111		—
Consumer		—		—		—		—		—		—
Agriculture		78		60		1		39		—		—
Other		—		—		—		—		—		—
Subtotal		2,771		2,664		399		4,980		241		—
Total	$	22,350	$	15,131	$	399	$	22,978	$	1,178	$	454

Troubled Debt Restructuring

A troubled debt restructuring (TDR) occurs when the Bank has agreed to a loan modification in the form of a concession for a borrower who is experiencing financial difficulty. The Bank’s TDRs typically involve a reduction in interest rate, a deferral of principal for a stated period of time, or an interest only period. All TDRs are considered impaired and the Bank has allocated reserves for these loans to reflect the present value of the concessionary terms granted to the borrower.

The following table presents the types of TDR loan modifications by portfolio segment outstanding as of

December 31, 2018

and

2017:

	TDRs Performing to Modified Terms		TDRs Not Performing to Modified Terms		Total TDRs
	(in thousands)
December 31, 201 8
Commercial Real Estate:
Nonfarm nonresidential
Rate reduction	$	190	$	—	$	190
Residential Real Estate:
1-4 Family
Rate reduction		720		—		720
Total TDRs	$	910	$	—	$	910
December 31, 201 7
Commercial
Rate reduction	$	—	$	33	$	33
Principal deferral		—		434		434
Commercial Real Estate:
Farmland
Principal deferral		—		1,362		1,362
Nonfarm nonresidential
Rate reduction		483		—		483
Residential Real Estate:
1-4 Family
Rate reduction		734		—		734
Total TDRs	$	1,217	$	1,829	$	3,046

At

December 31, 2018

and

2017,

100%

and

40%,

respectively, of the Company’s TDRs were performing according to their modified terms. The Company allocated

$168,000

and

$122,000

as of

December 31, 2018

and

2017,

respectively, in reserves to customers whose loan terms have been modified in TDRs. The Company has committed to lend

no

additional amounts to customers as of

December 31, 2018

or

2017

with outstanding loans that are classified as TDRs.

Management periodically reviews renewals and modifications of previously identified TDRs, for which there was

no

principal forgiveness, to consider if it is appropriate to remove the TDR classification. If the borrower is

no

longer experiencing financial difficulty and the renewal/modification did

not

contain a concessionary interest rate or other concessionary terms, management considers the potential removal of the TDR classification. If deemed appropriate based upon current underwriting, the TDR classification is removed as the borrower has complied with the terms of the loan at the date of renewal/modification and there was a reasonable expectation that the borrower would continue to comply with the terms of the loan subsequent to the date of the renewal/modification. In this instance, the TDR was originally considered a restructuring in a prior year as a result of a modification with an interest rate that was

not

commensurate with the risk of the underlying loan. Additionally, TDR classification can be removed in circumstances in which the Company performs a non-concessionary re-modification of the loan at terms that were considered to be at market for loans with comparable risk. Management expects the borrower will continue to perform under the re-modified terms based on the borrower’s past history of performance.

No

TDR loan modifications occurred during the

twelve

months ended

December 31, 2018,

2017,

or

2016.

During the year ended

December, 31 2018,

2017,

and

2016,

no

TDRs defaulted on their restructured loan within the

twelve

-month period following the loan modification. A default is considered to have occurred once the TDR is past due

90

days or more or it has been placed on nonaccrual.

Non

-

performing Loans

Non-performing loans include impaired loans and smaller balance homogeneous loans, such as residential mortgage and consumer loans, that are collectively evaluated for impairment. The following table presents the recorded investment in nonaccrual and loans past due

90

days and still on accrual by class of loan as of

December 31, 2018

and

2017:

	Nonaccrual				Loans Past Due 90 Days And Over Still Accruing
	201 8		201 7		201 8		201 7
	(in thousands)
Commercial	$	53	$	487	$	—	$	—
Commercial Real Estate:
Construction		—		—		—		—
Farmland		249		2,059		—		—
Nonfarm nonresidential		61		93		—		—
Residential Real Estate:
Multi-family		—		—		—		—
1-4 Family		1,628		2,817		—		—
Consumer		—		1		—		—
Agriculture		—		—		—		1
Other		—		—		—		—
Total	$	1,991	$	5,457	$	—	$	1

The following table presents the aging of the recorded investment in past due loans by class as of

December 31, 2018

and

2017:

	30 – 59 Days Past Due		60 – 89 Days Past Due		90 Days And Over Past Due		Nonaccrual		Total Past Due And Nonaccrual
	(in thousands)
December 31 , 201 8
Commercial	$	39	$	—	$	—	$	53	$	92
Commercial Real Estate:
Construction		—		—		—		—		—
Farmland		244		107		—		249		600
Nonfarm nonresidential		—		52		—		61		113
Residential Real Estate:
Multi-family		—		—		—		—		—
1-4 Family		1,299		137		—		1,628		3,064
Consumer		8		35		—		—		43
Agriculture		3		—		—		—		3
Other		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	1,593	$	331	$	—	$	1,991	$	3,915

	30 – 59 Days Past Due		60 – 89 Days Past Due		90 Days And Over Past Due		Nonaccrual		Total Past Due And Nonaccrual
	(in thousands)
December 31, 201 7
Commercial	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	487	$	487
Commercial Real Estate:
Construction		—		—		—		—		—
Farmland		593		—		—		2,059		2,652
Nonfarm nonresidential		—		—		—		93		93
Residential Real Estate:
Multi-family		—		—		—		—		—
1-4 Family		850		126		—		2,817		3,793
Consumer		30		45		—		1		76
Agriculture		5		—		1		—		6
Other		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	1,478	$	171	$	1	$	5,457	$	7,107

Credit Quality Indicators

Management categorizes all loans into risk categories at origination based upon original underwriting. Thereafter, management categorizes loans into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt such as current financial information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, public information, and current economic trends. Additionally, loans are analyzed through internal and external loan review processes. Borrower relationships in excess of

$500,000

are routinely analyzed through credit administration processes which classify the loans as to credit risk. The following definitions are used for risk ratings:

Watch –

Loansclassified as watch are those loans which have or

may

experience a potentially adverse development which necessitates increased monitoring.

Special Mention –

Loans classified as special mention do

not

have all of the characteristics of substandard or doubtful loans. They have

one

or more deficiencies which warrant special attention and which corrective action, such as accelerated collection practices,

may

remedy.

Substandard –

Loans classified as substandard are those loans with clear and defined weaknesses such as a highly leveraged position, unfavorable financial ratios, uncertain repayment sources or poor financial condition which

may

jeopardize the repayment of the debt as contractually agreed. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Bank will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are

not

corrected.

Doubtful

– Loans classified as doubtful are those loans which have characteristics similar to substandard loans but with an increased risk that collection or liquidation in full is highly questionable and improbable.

Loans

not

meeting the criteria above that are analyzed individually as part of the above described process are considered to be “Pass” rated loans. As of

December 31, 2018

and

2017,

and based on the most recent analysis performed, the risk category of loans by class of loans is as follows:

	Pass		Watch		Special Mention		Substandard		Doubtful		Total
	(in thousands)
December 31, 201 8
Commercial	$	129,106	$	141	$	—	$	121	$	—	$	129,368
Commercial Real Estate:
Construction		86,867		—		—		—		—		86,867
Farmland		74,054		2,741		—		1,142		—		77,937
Nonfarm nonresidential		169,551		1,983		—		643		—		172,177
Residential Real Estate:
Multi-family		44,697		5,060		—		—		—		49,757
1-4 Family		169,342		2,209		113		4,097		—		175,761
Consumer		38,768		11		—		325		—		39,104
Agriculture		32,683		1,019		—		35		—		33,737
Other		536		—		—		—		—		536
Total	$	745,604	$	13,164	$	113	$	6,363	$	—	$	765,244

	Pass		Watch		Special Mention		Substandard		Doubtful		Total
	(in thousands)
December 31, 201 7
Commercial	$	112,978	$	84	$	—	$	709	$	—	$	113,771
Commercial Real Estate:
Construction		57,342		—		—		—		—		57,342
Farmland		76,563		7,607		—		4,150		—		88,320
Nonfarm nonresidential		152,004		2,906		—		1,814		—		156,724
Residential Real Estate:
Multi-family		47,121		9,467		—		—		—		56,588
1-4 Family		169,774		3,535		164		5,749		—		179,222
Consumer		18,042		306		—		91		—		18,439
Agriculture		38,654		1,810		—		690		—		41,154
Other		555		—		—		—		—		555
Total	$	673,033	$	25,715	$	164	$	13,203	$	—	$	712,115

XML

Note 4 - Premises and Equipment

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Notes to Financial Statements

Property, Plant and Equipment Disclosure [Text Block]

N

OTE

4

– PREMISES AND EQUIPMENT

Year-end premises and equipment were as follows:

	201 8			201 7
	(in thousands)
Land and buildings	$	19,999		$	23,124
Furniture and equipment		11,283			10,151
		31,282			33,275
Accumulated depreciation		(16,627	)		(16,486	)
	$	14,655		$	16,789

During

2018,

the Company recognized a

$692,000

gain on sale of a subdivided lot at the Company’s headquarters. The gain on sale is included in other non-interest income.

In connection with the completion of a core system conversion in

December 2018,

management approved the closure of the Bank’s central data processing facility. As a result, the data processing facility was transferred to Premises Held for Sale at fair value, as determined by an independent

third

party appraisal, less estimated cost to sell. The transfer to held for sale resulted in a

$392,000

impairment charge, which is included in other non-interest income. The carrying value is

$1.1

million at

December 31, 2018.

Depreciation expense was

$833,000,

$955,000

and

$1.1

million for

2018,

2017

and

2016,

respectively.

XML

Note 5 - Other Real Estate Owned

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Notes to Financial Statements

Real Estate Owned [Text Block]

N

OTE

5

– OTHER REAL ESTATE OWNED

Other real estate owned (OREO) is real estate acquired as a result of foreclosure or by deed in lieu of foreclosure. It is classified as real estate owned until such time as it is sold. When property is acquired as a result of foreclosure or by deed in lieu of foreclosure, it is recorded at its fair market value less estimated cost to sell. Any write-down of the property at the time of acquisition is charged to the allowance for loan losses.

Fair value of OREO is determined on an individual property basis. When foreclosed properties are acquired, management obtains a new appraisal of the subject property or has staff from the Bank’s special assets group evaluate the latest in-file appraisal in connection with the transfer to OREO. Updated appraisals are typically obtained within

five

quarters of the anniversary date of ownership unless a sale is imminent. Subsequent reductions in fair value are recorded as non-interest expense when a new appraisal indicates a decline in value or in cases where a marketing price is lowered below the appraised amount. 

The following table presents the major categories of OREO at the period-ends indicated:

	201 8		201 7
	(in thousands)
Commercial Real Estate:
Construction, land development, and other land	$	3,485	$	4,335
Farmland		—		74
	$	3,485	$	4,409

Residential loans secured by

1

-

4

family residential properties in the process of foreclosure totaled

$771,000

and

$616,000

at

December 31, 2018

and

December 31, 2017,

respectively.

Activity relating to OREO during the years indicated is as follows:

	201 8			201 7			20 1 6
	(in thousands)
OREO Activity
OREO as of January 1	$	4,409		$	6,821		$	19,214
Real estate acquired		730			270			1,273
Valuation adjustment write-downs		(850	)		(1,963	)		(1,180	)
Net gain on sale		72			74			222
Proceeds from sale of properties		(876	)		(793	)		(12,708	)
OREO as of December 31	$	3,485		$	4,409		$	6,821

Expenses related to OREO include:

	201 8			201 7			20 1 6
	(in thousands)
Net gain on sales	$	(72	)	$	(74	)	$	(222	)
Valuation adjustment write-downs		850			1,963			1,180
Operating expense		90			84			583
Total	$	868		$	1,973		$	1,541

XML

Note 6 - Deposits

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Notes to Financial Statements

Deposit Liabilities Disclosures [Text Block]

N

OTE

6

– DEPOSITS

The following table details deposits by category:

	December 31, 201 8		December 31, 201 7
	(in thousands)
Non-interest bearing	$	142,618	$	137,386
Interest checking		94,269		99,383
Money market		171,924		151,388
Savings		34,534		34,632
Certificates of deposit		450,886		424,235
Total	$	894,231	$	847,024

Time deposits of

$250,000

or more were approximately

$28.1

million and

$31.7

million at year-end

2018

and

2017,

respectively.

Scheduled maturities of total time deposits for each of the next

five

years are as follows (in thousands):

	Total
2019	$	256,745
2020		171,043
2021		5,639
2022		6,523
2023		10,936
	$	450,886

XML

Note 7 - Advances From Federal Home Loan Bank

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Notes to Financial Statements

Federal Home Loan Bank Advances, Disclosure [Text Block]

NOTE

7

–

ADVANCES FROM FEDERAL HOME LOAN BANK

At year-end, advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank were as follows:

	December 31,		December 31,
	2018		2017
	(in thousands)
Short term advances (fixed rates 2.47% to 2.52%) maturing January 2019	$	45,000	$	10,000
Long term advances (fixed rates 0.00% to 5.24%) maturing April 2020 to August 2033		1,549		1,797
Total advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank	$	46,549	$	11,797

FHLB advances had a weighted-average rate of

2.45%

at

December 31, 2018

and

1.48%

at

December 31, 2017.

Each advance is payable per terms on agreement, with a prepayment penalty.

No

prepayment penalties were incurred during

2018

or

2017.

The advances were collateralized by approximately

$130.4

million and

$130.9

million of

first

mortgage loans, under a blanket lien arrangement at

December 31, 2018

and

December 31, 2017,

respectively. At

December 31, 2018,

our additional borrowing capacity with the FHLB was

$42.7

million.

Scheduled principal payments during the next

five

years and thereafter (in thousands):

	Advances
2019	$	45,172
2020		471
2021		719
2022		100
2023		59
Thereafter		28
	$	46,549

At year-end

2018,

the Company had a

$5.0

million federal funds line of credit available on an unsecured basis from a correspondent institution.

XML

Note 8 - Junior Subordinated Debentures

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Notes to Financial Statements

Debt Disclosure [Text Block]

N

OTE

8

– JUNIOR SUBORDINATED DEBENTURES

The junior subordinated debentures are redeemable at par prior to maturity at the option of the Company as defined within the trust indenture. The Company has the option to defer interest payments on the junior subordinated debentures from time to time for a period

not

to exceed

20

 consecutive quarters. A deferral period

may

begin at the Company’s discretion so long as interest payments are current. The Company is prohibited from paying dividends on preferred and common shares when interest payments are in deferral.

On

June 29, 2016,

the Company notified the trustees of its election to defer interest payments effective with the

third

quarter

2016

payment. The deferral period ends after the

second

quarter of

2021.

After

20

consecutive quarters, the Company must pay all deferred distributions to avoid default. Dividends accrued and unpaid on our junior subordinated debentures totaled

$1.2

million at

December 31, 2017.

In

June 2018,

the Company paid all deferred interest payments and brought interest current. At

December 31, 2018,

the Company is current on all interest payments.

A summary of the junior subordinated debentures is as follows:

Description	Issuance Date	Interest Rate (1)	Junior Subordinated Debt Owed To Trust		Maturity Date (2)
Statutory Trust I	2/13/2004	3-month LIBOR + 2.85%	$	3,000,000	2/13/2034
Statutory Trust II	2/13/2004	3-month LIBOR + 2.85%		5,000,000	2/13/2034
Statutory Trust III	4/15/2004	3-month LIBOR + 2.79%		3,000,000	4/15/2034
Statutory Trust IV	12/14/2006	3-month LIBOR + 1.67%		10,000,000	3/01/2037
			$	21,000,000

( 1 ) As of December  31, 2018, the 3 -month LIBOR was 2.80%.

( 2 ) The debentures are callable at the Company’s option at their principal amount plus accrued interest.

XML

Note 9 - Senior Debt

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Notes to Financial Statements

Long-term Debt [Text Block]

N

OTE

9

– S

ENIOR

D

EBT

On

June 30, 2017,

the Company entered into a

$10.0

million senior secured loan agreement with a commercial bank. The loan matures on

June 30, 2022.

Interest is payable quarterly at a rate of

three

-month LIBOR plus

250

basis points through

June 30, 2020,

at which time quarterly principal payments of

$250,000

plus interest will commence. The loan is secured by a

first

priority pledge of

100%

of the issued and outstanding stock of the Bank. The Company

may

prepay any amount due under the promissory note at any time without premium or penalty.

The Company contributed

$9.0

million of the borrowing proceeds to the Bank as common equity Tier

1

capital. The remaining

$1.0

million of the borrowing proceeds were retained by the lender in escrow to service quarterly interest payments. At

December 31, 2018,

the escrow account had a balance of

$417,000.

The loan agreement contains customary representations, warranties, covenants and events of default, including the following financial covenants: (i) the Company must maintain minimum cash on hand of

not

less than

$2,500,000,

(ii) the Company must maintain a total risk based capital ratio at least equal to

10%

of risk-weighted assets, (iii) the Bank must maintain a total risk based capital ratio at least equal to

11%

of risk-weighted assets, and (iv) non-performing assets of the Bank

may

not

exceed

2.5%

of the Bank’s total assets. Both the Company and Bank were in compliance with the covenants as of

December 31, 2018.

XML

Note 10 - Other Benefit Plans

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Notes to Financial Statements

Postemployment Benefits Disclosure [Text Block]

NOTE

1

0

– OTHER BENEFIT PLANS

401

(

k

) Plan

– The Company's

401

(k) Savings Plan allows employees to contribute up to the annual limits as determined by the Internal Revenue Service. For

2018,

the Company matched

100%

of the

first

1%

of compensation contributed and

50%

of the next

5%

contributed by employees. In

2017

and

2016,

the Company matched

50%

of the

first

4%

of compensation contributed. The Company, at its discretion,

may

make additional contributions. Total contributions made by the Company to the plan totaled approximately

$347,000,

$200,000

and

$189,000

in

2018,

2017

and

2016,

respectively.

Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan

– The Company has a supplemental executive retirement plan covering certain executive officers. Under the plan, the Company pays each participant, or their beneficiary, a specific defined benefit amount over

10

years, beginning with the individual’s retirement or early termination of service for reasons other than cause. A liability is accrued for the obligation under these plans. The expense incurred for the plan was

$77,000,

$121,000

and

$121,000

for the years ended

December 

31,

2018,

2017

and

2016,

respectively. The related liability was

$1.3

million at

December 

31,

2018

and

2017

and is included in other liabilities on the balance sheets.

In

January 2018,

the Company approved the termination of the plan effective

January 31, 2018.

As a result of the termination, the plan was liquidated with all benefits paid in a lump sum to the participants on

February 1, 2019.

No

additional expenses were incurred as a result of the plan termination.

The Company purchased life insurance on the participants of the plan. The cash surrender value of all insurance policies was

$15.6

million and

$15.2

million at

December 

31,

2018

and

2017,

respectively. Income earned from the cash surrender value of life insurance totaled

$437,000,

$412,000

and

$417,000

for the years ended

December 

31,

2018,

2017,

and

2016,

respectively.

XML

Note 11 - Income Taxes

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Notes to Financial Statements

Income Tax Disclosure [Text Block]

NOTE

1

1

– INCOME TAXES

Prior to

2017,

the Company had a full valuation allowance against its net deferred tax asset which was established in

2011.

During the

fourth

quarter of

2017,

management concluded it was more-likely-than-

not

the asset would be utilized to reduce future taxes payable related to the future taxable income of the Company, and as such, reversed the valuation allowance. As a result of the conclusion to reverse the valuation allowance, the Company recorded an income tax benefit of

$54.0

million for the year ended

December 31, 2017.

On

December 22, 2017,

the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of

2017

was signed into law. Among other significant changes to the tax code, the new law lowered the federal corporate tax rate from

35%

to

21%

beginning in

2018.

As a result, the Company revalued its net deferred tax asset at the new

21%

rate. Due to this revaluation, the Company recorded a

$20.3

million charge to income tax expense for the year ended

December 31, 2017.

The combination of the reversal of the valuation allowance and the change in federal corporate tax rates, as well as income tax expense for the year, resulted in an income tax benefit of

$31.9

million for the year ended

December 31, 2017.

Income tax expense (benefit) was as follows:

	201 8			201 7			20 1 6
	(in thousands)
Current	$	(346	)	$	—		$	21
Deferred		121			2,523			2,771
Net operating loss		2,255			(647	)		(4,009	)
Change in federal statutory rate		—			20,274			—
Change in valuation allowance		—			(54,049	)		1,238
	$	2,030		$	(31,899	)	$	21

Effective tax rates differ from federal statutory rate applied to income (loss) before income taxes due to the following:

	201 8			201 7			20 1 6
	(in thousands)
Federal statutory rate		21	%		35	%		35	%
Federal statutory rate times financial statement income (loss)	$	2,273		$	2,294		$	(956	)
Effect of:
Valuation allowance		—			(54,049	)		1,238
Tax-exempt income		(80	)		(196	)		(211	)
Non-taxable life insurance income		(92	)		(144	)		(146	)
Restricted stock vesting		(115	)		(121	)		—
Change in federal statutory rate		—			20,274			—
Other, net		44			43			96
Total	$	2,030		$	(31,899	)	$	21

Year-end deferred tax assets and liabilities were due to the following:

	201 8		201 7
	(in thousands)
Deferred tax assets:
Net operating loss carry-forward	$	23,390	$	25,645
Allowance for loan losses		1,865		1,723
OREO write-down		2,611		2,432
Alternative minimum tax credit carry-forward		346		692
Net assets from acquisitions		290		358
Net unrealized loss on securities		515		169
New market tax credit carry-forward		208		208
Nonaccrual loan interest		235		271
Accrued expenses		239		172
Deferred compensation		267		277
Other		241		241
		30,207		32,188
Deferred tax liabilities:
FHLB stock dividends		557		557
Fixed assets		94		68
Deferred loan costs		136		152
Other		138		98
		925		875
Net deferred tax assets	$	29,282	$	31,313

At

December 31, 2018,

the Company had net operating loss carryforwards (“NOLs”) of

$111.4

million, which will begin to expire in

2031.

As of

December 31, 2018,

a total of

$346,000

in alternative minimum tax credit carry-forward was reclassified to other assets as it is currently refundable for the

2018

tax year.

The Company does

not

have any beginning and ending unrecognized tax benefits. The Company does

not

expect the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits to significantly increase or decrease in the next

twelve

months. There were

no

interest and penalties recorded in the income statement or accrued for the years ended

December 31, 2018

or

December 31, 2017

related to unrecognized tax benefits.

Under Section

382

of the Internal Revenue Code, as amended (“Section

382”

), the Company’s net operating loss carryforwards and other deferred tax assets can generally be used to offset future taxable income and therefore reduce federal income tax obligations. However, the Company's ability to use its NOLs would be limited if there was an “ownership change” as defined by Section

382.

This would occur if shareholders owning (or deemed to own under the tax rules)

5%

or more of the Company's voting and non-voting common shares increase their aggregate ownership of the Company by more than

50

percentage points over a defined period of time.

In

2015,

the Company took

two

measures to preserve the value of its NOLs. First, the Company adopted a tax benefits preservation plan designed to reduce the likelihood of an “ownership change” occurring as a result of purchases and sales of the Company's common shares. Upon adoption of this plan, the Company declared a dividend of

one

preferred stock purchase right for each common share outstanding as of the close of business on

July 10, 2015.

Any shareholder or group that acquires beneficial ownership of

5%

or more of the Company (an “acquiring person”) could be subject to significant dilution in its holdings if the Company's Board of Directors does

not

approve such acquisition. Existing shareholders holding

5%

or more of the Company will

not

be considered acquiring persons unless they acquire additional shares, subject to certain exceptions described in the plan. In addition, the Board of Directors has the discretion to exempt certain transactions and certain persons whose acquisition of securities is determined by the Board

not

to jeopardize the Company's deferred tax assets. The rights plan was extended in

May 2018

to expire upon the earlier of (i)

June 30, 2021, (

ii) the beginning of a taxable year with respect to which the Board of Directors determines that

no

tax benefits

may

be carried forward, (iii) the repeal or amendment of Section

382

or any successor statute, if the Board of Directors determines that the plan is

no

longer needed to preserve the tax benefits, and (iv) certain other events as described in the plan.

On

September 23, 2015,

the Company’s shareholders approved an amendment to its articles of incorporation to further help protect the long-term value of the Company’s NOLs. The amendment provides a means to block transfers of our common shares that could result in an ownership change under Section

382.

The transfer restrictions were extended in

May 2018

by shareholder vote and will expire on the earlier of (i)

May 23, 2021, (

ii) the beginning of a taxable year with respect to which the Board of Directors determines that

no

tax benefit

may

be carried forward, (iii) the repeal of Section

382

or any successor statute if our Board determines that the transfer restrictions are

no

longer needed to preserve the tax benefits of our NOLs, or (iv) such date as the Board otherwise determines that the transfer restrictions are

no

longer necessary.

The Company and its subsidiaries are subject to U.S. federal income tax and the Company is subject to income tax in the Commonwealth of Kentucky. The Company is

no

longer subject to examination by taxing authorities for years before

2015.

XML

Note 12 - Related Party Transactions

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Notes to Financial Statements

Related Party Transactions Disclosure [Text Block]

NOTE

1

2

– RELATED PARTY

TRANSACTIONS

Loans to principal officers, directors, significant shareholders, and their affiliates in

2018

were as follows (in thousands):

Beginning balance	$	9,400
New loans		7,104
Repayments		(2,313	)
Ending balance	$	14,191

Deposits from principal officers, directors, significant shareholders, and their affiliates at year-end

2018

and

2017

were

$178,000

and

$401,000,

respectively.

Hogan Development Company assists the Bank in onboarding, managing, and selling the Bank’s OREO. Hogan Development Company is owned by W. Glenn Hogan, a director. The agreement with Hogan Development Company is periodically reviewed and evaluated by the Audit Committee. The Bank paid real estate management fees of

$20,000

in both

2018

and

2017.

The Bank paid

no

real estate sales and leasing commissions in

2018

and

$6,000

to Hogan Development Company in

2017.

On

March 30, 2018,

the Company completed a private placement of common stock. In the transaction, the Company issued

150,000

common shares and

1.0

million non-voting common shares to Patriot Financial Partners III, L.P. at

$13.00

per share resulting in net proceeds of

$14.9

million of which

$5.0

million was contributed as capital to the Bank. The balance of proceeds was maintained by the Company for general corporate purposes and to support the growth of the Bank. W. Kirk Wycoff, a director of the Company and Bank, serves as a general partner of Patriot Financial Partners III, L.P.

On

June 26, 2018,

the Company completed the purchase and retirement of all of its issued and outstanding Series E and Series F Non-Voting Perpetual Preferred Shares for an aggregate price of

$3.5

million paid in cash. The Series E and Series F Shares had an aggregate liquidation preference of

$10.5

million. Participating sellers in the transaction, among others, were directors W. Glenn Hogan, Michael T. Levy, Dr. Edmond J. Seifried, and Patriot Financial Partners, L.P. and Patriot Financial Partners Parallel, L.P., each affiliates of director W. Kirk Wycoff. An independent

third

party financial advisory firm served as the financial advisor in this transaction to a special committee of directors comprised of members having

no

interest in the repurchase transaction.

XML

Note 13 - Preferred Stock

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Notes to Financial Statements

Stockholders' Equity Note Disclosure [Text Block]

NOTE

1

3

– PREFERRED STOCK

At

December 31, 2017,

the Company had issued and outstanding

6,198

Series E preferred shares and

4,304

Series F preferred shares, both of which series were

not

convertible into common shares, had a liquidation preference of

$1,000

per share, and were entitled to a

2%

noncumulative annual dividend if and when declared. Series E and Series F preferred shares ranked senior to, and had liquidation and dividend preferences over, the common shares and non-voting common shares.

On

June 26, 2018,

the Company completed the purchase and retirement of all of its issued and outstanding Series E and Series F preferred shares for an aggregate price of

$3.5

million paid in cash. The Series E and F shares had an aggregate liquidation preference of

$10.5

million. 

XML

Note 14 - Regulatory Capital Matters

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Notes to Financial Statements

Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Text Block]

NOTE

1

4

–

REGULATORY CAPITAL MATTERS

Banks and bank holding companies are subject to regulatory capital requirements administered by federal banking agencies. Capital adequacy guidelines and, additionally for banks, prompt corrective action regulations involve quantitative measures of assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance-sheet items calculated under regulatory accounting practices. Capital amounts and classifications are also subject to qualitative judgments by regulators. Failure to meet capital requirements can result in regulatory action.

The final rules implementing Basel Committee on Banking Supervision’s capital guidelines for U.S. Banks (Basel III rules) became effective for the Company and Bank on

January 1, 2015

with full compliance with all of the requirements being phased in over a multi-year schedule through

January 1, 2019.

The final rules allowed banks and their holding companies with less than

$250

billion in assets a

one

-time opportunity to opt-out of a requirement to include unrealized gains and losses in accumulated other comprehensive income in their capital calculation. The Company and the Bank opted out of this requirement. The rules also establish a “capital conservation buffer” of

2.5%

above the regulatory minimum risk-based capital ratios. Once the capital conservation buffer is fully phased in, the minimum ratios are a common equity Tier

1

risk-based capital ratio of

7.0%,

a Tier

1

risk-based capital ratio of

8.5%,

and a total risk-based capital ratio of

10.5%.

 The capital conservation buffer for

2018

is

1.875%

and

1.25%

for

2017.

An institution is subject to limitations on paying dividends, engaging in share repurchases, and paying discretionary bonuses if capital levels fall below minimum levels plus the buffer amounts. These limitations establish a maximum percentage of eligible retained income that could be utilized for such actions.

Management believes as of

December 31, 2018,

the Company and Bank meet all capital adequacy requirements to which they are subject. At year end

2018

and

2017,

the most recent regulatory notifications categorized the Bank as well capitalized under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action. There are

no

conditions or events since the notification that management believes have changed the institution’s category.

The following tables show the ratios (excluding capital conservation buffer) and amounts of common equity Tier

1,

Tier

1

capital, and total capital to risk-adjusted assets and the leverage ratios for the Bank at the dates indicated (dollars in thousands):

	Actual					Minimum Requirement for Capital Adequacy Purposes					Minimum Requirement to be Well Capitalized Under Prompt Corrective Action Provisions
	Amount		Ratio			Amount		Ratio			Amount		Ratio
As of December 31, 201 8 :
Total risk-based capital (to risk-weighted assets)	$	109,309		12.88	%	$	67,920		8.00	%	$	84,900		10.00	%
Total common equity Tier 1 risk-based capital (to risk-weighted assets)		100,429		11.83			38,205		4.50			55,185		6.50
Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets)		100,429		11.83			50,940		6.00			67,920		8.00
Tier 1 capital (to average assets)		100,429		9.60			41,837		4.00			52,297		5.00

	Actual					Minimum Requirement for Capital Adequacy Purposes					Minimum Requirement to be Well Capitalized Under Prompt Corrective Action Provisions
	Amount		Ratio			Amount		Ratio			Amount		Ratio
As of December 31, 2017:
Total risk-based capital (to risk-weighted assets)	$	91,305		11.61	%	$	62,938		8.00	%	$	78,672		10.00	%
Total common equity Tier 1 risk-based capital (to risk-weighted assets)		81,393		10.35			35,403		4.50			51,137		6.50
Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets)		81,393		10.35			47,203		6.00			62,938		8.00
Tier 1 capital (to average assets)		81,393		8.70			37,421		4.00			46,777		5.00

Kentucky banking laws limit the amount of dividends that

may

be paid to a holding company by its subsidiary banks without prior approval. These laws limit the amount of dividends that

may

be paid in any calendar year to current year’s net income, as defined in the laws, combined with the retained net income of the preceding

two

years, less any dividends declared during those periods. In addition, a bank must have positive retained earnings.

XML

Note 15 - Off Balance Sheet Risks, Commitments, and Contingent Liabilities

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Notes to Financial Statements

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Text Block]

NOTE

1

5

–

OFF BALANCE SHEET RISKS, COMMITMENTS, AND CONTINGENT LIABILITIES

The Company, in the normal course of business, is party to financial instruments with off balance sheet risk. The financial instruments include commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit. The contract or notional amounts of these instruments reflect the potential future obligations of the Company pursuant to those financial instruments. Creditworthiness for all instruments is evaluated on a case-by-case basis in accordance with the Company’s credit policies. Collateral from the client

may

be required based on the Company’s credit evaluation of the client and

may

include business assets of commercial clients, as well as personal property and real estate of individual clients or guarantors.

An approved but unfunded loan commitment represents a potential credit risk and a liquidity risk, since the Company’s client(s)

may

demand immediate cash that would require funding. In addition, unfunded loan commitments represent interest rate risk as market interest rates

may

rise above the rate committed to the Company’s client. Since a portion of these loan commitments normally expire unused, the total amount of outstanding commitments at any point in time

may

not

require future funding. Commitments to make loans are generally made for periods of

one

year or less.

Standby letters of credit are conditional commitments issued by the Company to guarantee the performance of a client to a

third

party. The terms and risk of loss involved in issuing standby letters of credit are similar to those involved in issuing loan commitments and extending credit. In addition to credit risk, the Company also has liquidity risk associated with standby letters of credit because funding for these obligations could be required immediately. The Company does

not

deem this risk to be material.

No

liability is currently established for standby letters of credit.

The following table presents the contractual amounts of financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk for each year ended:

	201 8				201 7
	Fixed Rate		Variable Rate		Fixed Rate		Variable Rate
	(in thousands)
Commitments to make loans	$	5,317	$	11,236	$	27,349	$	31,412
Unused lines of credit		7,410		73,024		11,034		57,727
Standby letters of credit		541		1,752		2,216		373

Commitments to make loans are generally made for periods of

one

year or less.

In connection with the purchase of loan participations, the Bank entered into risk participation agreements, which had notional amounts totaling

$26.6

million at

December 31, 2018

and

$19.8

million at

December 31, 2017.

The risk participation agreements are

not

designated against specific assets or liabilities under ASC

815,

Derivatives and Hedging, and, therefore, do

not

qualify for hedge accounting. The Company does

not

use derivatives for trading or speculative purposes but rather as a result of services provided to certain borrowers. The derivatives are recorded in other liabilities on the balance sheet at fair value and changes in fair value of both the borrower and the offsetting swap agreements are recorded (and essentially offset) in non-interest income.

In the normal course of business, the Company and its subsidiaries have been named, from time to time, as defendants in various legal actions. Certain of the actual or threatened legal actions

may

include claims for substantial compensatory and/or punitive damages or claims for indeterminate amounts of damages.

The Company contests liability and/or the amount of damages as appropriate in each pending matter. In view of the inherent difficulty of predicting the outcome of such matters, particularly in cases where claimants seek substantial or indeterminate damages or where investigations and proceedings are in the early stages, the Company cannot predict with certainty the loss or range of loss, if any, related to such matters, how or if such matters will be resolved, when they will ultimately be resolved, or what the eventual settlement, or other relief, if any, might be. Subject to the foregoing, the Company believes, based on current knowledge and after consultation with counsel, that the outcome of such pending matters will

not

have a material adverse effect on the consolidated financial condition of the Company, although the outcome of such matters could be material to the Company’s operating results and cash flows for a particular future period, depending on, among other things, the level of the Company’s revenues or income for such period. The Company will accrue for a loss contingency if (

1

) it is probable that a future event will occur and confirm the loss and (

2

) the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. The Company is

not

currently involved in any material litigation.

XML

Note 16 - Fair Values

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Notes to Financial Statements

Fair Value Disclosures [Text Block]

NOTE

1

6

– FAIR VALUES

Fair value is the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. Various valuation techniques are used to determine fair value, including market, income and cost approaches. There are

three

levels of inputs that

may

be used to measure fair values:

Level

1:

Quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets that an entity has the ability to access as of the measurement date, or observable inputs.

Level

2:

Significant other observable inputs other than Level

1

prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are

not

active, and other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.

Level

3:

Significant unobservable inputs that reflect an entity’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability.

In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value

may

fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. When that occurs, the fair value hierarchy is classified on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The following methods and significant assumptions are used to estimate fair value.

Securities:

The fair values of securities available for sale are determined by obtaining quoted prices on nationally recognized securities exchanges, if available. This valuation method is classified as Level

1

in the fair value hierarchy. For securities where quoted prices are

not

available, fair values are calculated on market prices of similar securities, or matrix pricing, which is a mathematical technique used widely in the industry to value debt securities without relying exclusively on quoted prices for the specific securities but rather by relying on the securities’ relationship to other benchmark quoted securities. Matrix pricing relies on the securities’ relationship to similarly traded securities, benchmark curves, and the benchmarking of like securities. Matrix pricing utilizes observable market inputs such as benchmark yields, reported trades, broker/dealer quotes, issuer spreads,

two

-sided markets, benchmark securities, bids, offers, reference data, and industry and economic events. In instances where broker quotes are used, these quotes are obtained from market makers or broker-dealers recognized to be market participants. This valuation method is classified as Level

2

in the fair value hierarchy. For securities where quoted prices or market prices of similar securities are

not

available, fair values are calculated using discounted cash flows or other market indicators. This valuation method is classified as Level

3

in the fair value hierarchy. Discounted cash flows are calculated using spread to swap and LIBOR curves that are updated to incorporate loss severities, volatility, credit spread and optionality. During times when trading is more liquid, broker quotes are used (if available) to validate the model. Rating agency and industry research reports as well as defaults and deferrals on individual securities are reviewed and incorporated into the calculations.

Impaired Loans:

An impaired loan is evaluated at the time the loan is identified as impaired and is recorded at fair value less costs to sell. Fair value is measured based on the value of the collateral securing the loan and is classified as Level

3

in the fair value hierarchy. Fair value is determined using several methods. Generally, the fair value of real estate is determined based on appraisals by qualified licensed appraisers. These appraisals

may

utilize a single valuation approach or a combination of approaches including comparable sales and the income approach.

Adjustments are routinely made in the appraisal process by the appraisers to adjust for differences between the comparable sales and income data available. These routine adjustments are made to adjust the value of a specific property relative to comparable properties for variations in qualities such as location, size, and income production capacity relative to the subject property of the appraisal. Such adjustments are typically significant and result in a Level

3

classification of the inputs for determining fair value.

Management routinely apply internal discounts to the value of appraisals used in the fair value evaluation of our impaired loans. The deductions to the appraisal take into account changing business factors and market conditions, as well as potential value impairment in cases where our appraisal date predates a likely change in market conditions. These deductions range from

10%

for routine real estate collateral to

25%

for real estate that is determined to have a thin trading market or to be specialized collateral. This is in addition to estimated discounts for cost to sell of

six

to

ten

percent.

Management also apply discounts to the expected fair value of collateral for impaired loans where the likely resolution involves litigation or foreclosure. Resolution of this nature generally results in receiving lower values for real estate collateral in a more aggressive sales environment. Discounts ranging from

10%

to

33%

have been utilized in our impairment evaluations when applicable.

Impaired loans are evaluated quarterly for additional impairment. Management obtains updated appraisals on properties securing our loans when circumstances are warranted such as at the time of renewal or when market conditions have significantly changed. This determination is made on a property-by-property basis in light of circumstances in the broader economic climate and the assessment of deterioration of real estate values in the market in which the property is located.

Other Real Estate Owned (OREO)

: OREO is evaluated at the time of acquisition and recorded at fair value as determined by independent appraisal or internal evaluation less estimated cost to sell. Quarterly evaluations of OREO for impairment are driven by property type. For smaller dollar single family homes, management consults with staff from the Bank’s special assets group as well as external realtors and appraisers. Based on these consultations, management determines asking prices for OREO properties being marketed for sale. If the internally evaluated fair value or asking price is below the recorded investment in the property, appropriate write-downs are taken.

For larger dollar commercial real estate properties, management obtains a new appraisal of the subject property or has staff in the special assets group evaluate the latest in-file appraisal in connection with the transfer to OREO. Management generally obtains updated appraisals within

five

quarters of the anniversary date of ownership unless a sale is imminent. When an asking price is lowered below the most recent appraised value, appropriate write-downs are taken.

Financial assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis are summarized below:

			Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 201 8 Using
			(in thousands)
Description	Carrying Value		Quoted Prices In Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Available for sale securities
U.S. Government and federal agency	$	22,560	$	—	$	22,560	$	—
Agency mortgage-backed: residential		85,990		—		85,990		—
Collateralized loan obligations		49,839		—		49,839		—
State and municipal		32,812		—		32,812		—
Corporate bonds		9,991		—		9,991		—
Total	$	201,192	$	—	$	201,192	$	—

			Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 201 7 Using
			(in thousands)
Description	Carrying Value		Quoted Prices In Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Available for sale securities
U.S. Government and federal agency	$	21,624	$	—	$	21,624	$	—
Agency mortgage-backed: residential		64,965		—		64,965		—
Collateralized loan obligations		25,505		—		25,505		—
State and municipal		33,710		—		33,710		—
Corporate bonds		6,916		—		6,916		—
Total	$	152,720	$	—	$	152,720	$	—

There were

no

transfers between Level

1

and Level

2

during

2018

or

2017.

Financial assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis are summarized below:

			Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 201 8 Using
			(in thousands)
Description	Carrying Value		Quoted Prices In Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Impaired lo ans :
Commercial	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Commercial real estate:
Construction		—		—		—		—
Farmland		—		—		—		—
Nonfarm nonresidential		124		—		—		124
Residential real estate:
Multi-family		—		—		—		—
1-4 Family		552		—		—		552
Consumer		—		—		—		—
Agriculture		—		—		—		—
Other		—		—		—		—
Other real estate owned, net :
Commercial real estate:
Construction		3,485		—		—		3,485
Farmland		—		—		—		—
Nonfarm nonresidential		—		—		—		—
Residential real estate:
Multi-family		—		—		—		—
1-4 Family		—		—		—		—

			Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 201 7 Using
			(in thousands)
Description	Carrying Value		Quoted Prices In Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Impaired loans:
Commercial	$	87	$	—	$	—	$	87
Commercial real estate:
Construction		—		—		—		—
Farmland		—		—		—		—
Nonfarm nonresidential		—		—		—		—
Residential real estate:
Multi-family		—		—		—		—
1-4 Family		957		—		—		957
Consumer		—		—		—		—
Agriculture		—		—		—		—
Other		—		—		—		—
Other real estate owned, net :
Commercial real estate:
Construction		4,335		—		—		4,335
Farmland		74		—		—		74
Nonfarm nonresidential		—		—		—		—
Residential real estate:
Multi-family		—		—		—		—
1-4 Family		—		—		—		—

Impaired loans, which are measured for impairment using the fair value of the collateral for collateral dependent loans, had a carrying amount of

$879,000,

with a valuation allowance of

$203,000,

at

December 31, 2018,

resulting in

no

additional provision for loan losses for the year ended

December 31, 2018.

At

December 31, 2017,

impaired loans had a carrying amount of

$1.3

million, with a valuation allowance of

$219,000,

at

December 31, 2017,

resulting in

no

additional provision for loan losses for the year ended

December 31, 2017.

OREO, which is measured at the lower of carrying or fair value less costs to sell, had a net carrying amount of

$3.5

million as of

December 31, 2018,

compared with

$4.4

million at

December 31, 2017.

Write-downs of

$850,000

and

$2.0

million were recorded on OREO for the years ended

December 31, 2018

and

2017,

respectively.

The following table presents qualitative information about level

3

fair value measurements for financial assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis at

December 31, 2018:

	Fair Value		Valuation Technique(s)	Unobservable Input(s)	Range (Weighted Average)
	(in thousands)
Impaired loans – Residential real estate	$	552	Sales comparison approach	Adjustment for differences between the comparable sales	0%	-	26%	(11%)
Other real estate owned – Commercial real estate	$	3,485	Sales comparison approach	Adjustment for differences between the comparable sales	0%	-	35%	(18%)
			Income approach	Discount or capitalization rate	25%		(25%)

The following table presents qualitative information about level

3

fair value measurements for financial assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis at

December 31, 2017:

	Fair Value		Valuation Technique(s)	Unobservable Input(s)	Range (Weighted Average)
	(in thousands)
Impaired loans – Residential real estate	$	957	Sales comparison approach	Adjustment for differences between the comparable sales	0%	-	26%	(9%)
Other real estate owned – Commercial real estate	$	4,409	Sales comparison approach	Adjustment for differences between the comparable sales	0%	-	35%	(18%)
			Income approach	Discount or capitalization rate	25%		(25%)

Carrying amount and estimated fair values of financial instruments were as follows at year-end

2018:

			Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 201 8 Using
	Carrying Amount		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
	(in thousands)
Financial assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	35,361	$	35,361	$	—	$	—	$	35,361
Securities available for sale		201,192		—		201,192		—		201,192
Federal Home Loan Bank stock		7,233		N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A
Loans, net		756,364		—		—		744,076		744,076
Accrued interest receivable		3,665		—		1,222		2,443		3,665
Financial liabilities
Deposits	$	894,231	$	142,618	$	750,015	$	—	$	892,633
Federal Home Loan Bank advances		46,549		—		46,519		—		46,519
Junior subordinated debentures		21,000		—		—		16,226		16,226
Senior debt		10,000		—		—		9,585		9,585
Accrued interest payable		658		—		598		60		658

Carrying amount and estimated fair values of financial instruments were as follows at year-end

2017:

			Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2017 Using
	Carrying Amount		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
	(in thousands)
Financial assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	34,103	$	34,103	$	—	$	—	$	34,103
Securities available for sale		152,720		—		152,720		—		152,720
Federal Home Loan Bank stock		7,323		N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A
Loans held for sale		70		—		70		—		70
Loans, net		703,913		—		—		703,263		703,263
Accrued interest receivable		3,136		—		925		2,211		3,136
Financial liabilities
Deposits	$	847,024	$	137,386	$	693,320	$	—	$	830,706
Federal Home Loan Bank advances		11,797		—		11,799		—		11,799
Subordinated capital notes		2,250		—		—		2,246		2,246
Junior subordinated debentures		21,000		—		—		19,090		19,090
Senior debt		10,000		—		—		10,000		10,000
Accrued interest payable		1,475		—		357		1,118		1,475

The methods utilized to estimate the fair value of financial instruments at

December 31, 2017

did

not

necessarily represent an exit price. In accordance with the Company’s adoption of ASU

2016

-

01

as of

January 1, 2018,

the methods utilized to measure the fair value of financial instruments at

December 31, 2018

represent an approximation of exit price; however, an actual exit price

may

differ.

XML

Note 17 - Stock Plans and Stock Based Compensation

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Notes to Financial Statements

Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Text Block]

N

OTE

1

7

– STOCK PLANS AND STOCK BASED COMPENSATION

Shares available for issuance under the

2018

Omnibus Equity Compensation Plan (

“2018

Plan”) total

322,144.

Shares issued to employees under the plan vest annually on the anniversary date of the grant over

three

years. Shares issued annually to each non-employee directors have a fair market value of

$25,000

and vest on

December 31

in the year of grant.

The fair value of the

2018

unvested shares issued was

$737,000,

or

$13.94

per weighted-average share. The Company recorded

$524,000,

$400,000,

and

$443,000

of stock-based compensation during

2018,

2017,

and

2016,

respectively, to salaries and employee benefits. Management expects substantially all of the unvested shares outstanding at the end of the period to vest according to the vesting schedule. A deferred tax benefit of

$110,000

was recognized in

2018

related to this expense, compared to a deferred tax benefit of

$140,000

in

2017

and

no

deferred tax benefit in

2016.

The following table summarizes unvested share activity as of and for the periods indicated for the Stock Incentive Plan:

	Twelve Months Ended					Twelve Months Ended
	December 31 , 201 8					December 31, 201 7
				Weighted					Weighted
				Average					Average
				Grant					Grant
	Shares			Price		Shares			Price
Outstanding, beginning		142,334		$	5.67		179,513		$	4.89
Granted		52,856			13.94		37,865			9.64
Vested		(78,281	)		6.75		(73,728	)		5.75
Forfeited		—			—		(1,316	)		9.35
Outstanding, ending		116,909		$	8.69		142,334		$	5.67

Unrecognized stock based compensation expense related to unvested shares for

2019

and beyond is estimated as follows (in thousands):

2019	$	287
2020		213
2021		94
2022 & thereafter		—

XML

Note 18 - Earnings (Loss) Per Share

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Notes to Financial Statements

Earnings Per Share [Text Block]

N

OTE

1

8

– EARNINGS

(LOSS)

PER SHARE

The factors used in the basic and diluted earnings per share computation follow:

	201 8		201 7		201 6
	(in thousands, except share and per share data)
Net income (loss)	$	8,794	$	38,453	$	(2,753	)
Less:
Earnings (losses) allocated to unvested shares		144		967		(88	)
Net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders, basic and diluted	$	8,650	$	37,486	$	(2,665	)
Basic
Weighted average common shares including unvested common shares and participating preferred shares outstanding		7,159,723		6,249,059		5,980,945
Less:
Weighted average unvested common shares		117,030		157,127		192,232
Weighted average common shares outstanding		7,042,693		6,091,932		5,788,713
Basic income (loss) per common share	$	1.23	$	6.15	$	(0.46	)
Diluted
Add: Dilutive effects of assumed exercises of common stock warrants		—		—		—
Weighted average common shares and potential common shares		7,042,693		6,091,932		5,788,713
Diluted income (loss) per common share	$	1.23	$	6.15	$	(0.46	)

The Company had

no

outstanding stock options at

December 31, 2018,

2017

or

2016.

 A warrant for the purchase of

66,113

shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price of

$79.41

was outstanding at

December 31, 2017

and

2016,

but was

not

included in the diluted EPS computation as inclusion would have been anti-dilutive. The warrant expired on

November 21, 2018.

XML

Note 19 - Revenue From Contracts With Customers

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Notes to Financial Statements

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Text Block]

NOTE

19

– REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS

The Company adopted ASC

606

using the full retrospective method. The adoption of ASC

606

for in-scope revenue streams did

not

result in a cumulative effect adjustment. Bank card interchange income and expenses were previously reported net in non-interest income. The income statement impact of adopting ASC

606

resulted in a reclassification adjustment of

$549,000

and

$454,000

related to the year ended

December 31, 2017

and

2016,

respectively, between bank card interchange income and deposit account related expense in order to report debit card interchange income gross and provide a comparable disclosure for all periods. This reclassification adjustment had

no

impact on previously reported net income for the year ended

December 31, 2017

or

2016.

All of the Company’s revenue from customers in the scope of ASC

606

is recognized within non-interest income. A description of the Company’s revenue streams accounted for under ASC

606

follows:

Service Charges on Deposit Accounts:

The Company earns fees from its deposit customers for transaction-based, account maintenance, and overdraft services. Transaction-based fees, which include services such as ATM use fees, stop payment charges, statement rendering, and ACH fees, are recognized at the time the transaction is executed as that is the point in time the Company fulfills the customer’s request. Account maintenance fees, which relate primarily to monthly maintenance, are earned over the course of a month, representing the period over which the Company satisfies the performance obligation. Overdraft fees are recognized at the point in time that the overdraft occurs. Service charges are withdrawn from the customer’s account balance.

Bank Card Interchange Income:

The Company earns interchange fees from bank cardholder transactions conducted through a

third

party payment network. Interchange fees from cardholder transactions represent a percentage of the underlying transaction value and are recognized daily, concurrently with the transaction processing services provided to the cardholder. Prior to adopting ASC

606,

the Company reported bank card interchange fees net of expenses. Under ASC

606,

bank card interchange fees are reported gross.

Gains/Losses on Sales of OREO:

The Company records a gain or loss from the sale of OREO when control of the property transfers to the buyer, which generally occurs at the time of an executed deed. When the Company finances the sale of OREO to the buyer, the Company assess whether the buyer is committed to perform their obligations under the contract and whether collectability of the transaction price is probable. Once these criteria are met, the OREO asset is derecognized and the gain or loss on sale is recorded upon transfer of control of the property to the buyer. In determining the gain or loss on the sale, the Company adjusts the transaction price and related gain (loss) on sale if a significant financing component is present. Gains and losses on sales of OREO are netted with OREO expense and reported in non-interest expense.

Other Non-interest Income

: Other non-interest income includes revenue from several sources that are within the scope of ASC

606,

including title insurance commissions, income from secondary market loan sales, gains on sales of premises and equipment, and other transaction-based revenue that is individually immaterial. Other non-interest income included approximately

$660,000,

$666,000,

and

$678,000

of revenue for the years ended

December 31, 2018,

2017,

and

2016,

respectively, within the scope of ASC

606.

The remaining other non-interest income for the year is excluded from the scope of ASC

606.

XML

Note 20 - Parent Company Only Condensed Financial Information

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Notes to Financial Statements

Condensed Financial Information of Parent Company Only Disclosure [Text Block]

NOTE

20

– PARENT COMPANY ONLY CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Condensed financial information of Limestone Bancorp Inc. is presented as follows:

CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS

	December 31,
	201 8		201 7
	(in thousands)
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents (1)	$	5,369	$	2,045
Investment in banking subsidiary		114,042		99,651
Investment in and advances to other subsidiaries		776		776
Deferred taxes, net		3,142		2,497
Other assets		682		711
Total assets	$	124,011	$	105,680
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Debt	$	31,775	$	31,775
Accrued expenses and other liabilities		139		1,232
Shareholders’ equity		92,097		72,673
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity	$	124,011	$	105,680

( 1 ) $417,000 is held in escrow by the senior note lender to be used exclusively for interest payments on senior debt.

CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF

OPERATIONS

	Years ended December 31,
	201 8			201 7			201 6
	(in thousands)
Interest income	$	45		$	4		$	5
Dividends from subsidiaries		35			26			23
Other income		38			—			17
Interest expense		(1,370	)		(973	)		(694	)
Other expense		(1,290	)		(1,137	)		(1,240	)
Loss before income tax and undistributed subsidiary income		(2,542	)		(2,080	)		(1,889	)
Income tax expense (benefit)		(645	)		(2,497	)		21
Equity in undistributed subsidiary income (loss)		10,691			38,036			(843	)
Net income ( loss )	$	8,794		$	38,453		$	(2,753	)

CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

	Years ended December 31,
	201 8			201 7			20 1 6
	(in thousands)
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income (loss)	$	8,794		$	38,453		$	(2,753	)
Adjustments:
Equity in undistributed subsidiary (income) loss		(10,691	)		(38,036	)		843
Deferred taxes, net		(645	)		(2,497	)		—
Change in other assets		29			743			(95	)
Change in other liabilities		(1,093	)		(128	)		358
Other		525			462			978
Net cash (used in) operating activities		(3,081	)		(1,003	)		(669	)
Cash flows from investing activities
Investments in subsidiaries		(5,000	)		(9,000	)		(500	)
Net cash (used in) from investing activities		(5,000	)		(9,000	)		(500	)
Cash flows from financing activities
Proceeds from issuance of common stock		14,910			—			2,231
Redemption of preferred stock		(3,505	)		—			—
Proceeds from senior debt		—			10,000			—
Net cash provided by (used in) from financing activities		11,405			10,000			2,231
Net change in cash and cash equivalents		3,324			(3	)		1,062
Beginning cash and cash equivalents		2,045			2,048			986
Ending cash and cash equivalents	$	5,369		$	2,045		$	2,048

XML

Note 21 - Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Notes to Financial Statements

Quarterly Financial Information [Text Block]

NOTE

2

1

– QUARTERLY FINANCIAL DATA (UNAUDITED)

														Earnings (Loss) Per Common Share
	Interest Income		Net Interest Income		Negative Provision For Loan Losses			OREO Expense			Net Income (Loss)			Basic (1)		Diluted (1)
	(in thousands, except per share data)
201 8
First quarter	$	10,015	$	8,181	$	—		$	82		$	1,934		$	0.31	$	0.31
Second quarter		10,585		8,374		(150	)		237			1,983			0.27		0.27
Third quarter		11,120	$	8,412	$	(350	)	$	271		$	2,437		$	0.33	$	0.33
Fourth quarter		11,741		8,704		—			278			2,440			0.33		0.33
201 7
First quarter	$	9,225	$	7,741	$	—		$	(16	)	$	1,680		$	0.27	$	0.27
Second quarter		9,134		7,588		—			(3	)		1,709			0.27		0.27
Third quarter		9,446		7,787		—			111			1,794			0.29		0.29
Fourth quarter		9,717		8,001		(800	)		1,881			33,270	(2)		5.31		5.31

( 1 ) The sum of the quarterly net income (loss) per share (basic and diluted) differs from the annual net income (loss) per share (basic and diluted) because of the differences in the weighted average number of common shares outstanding and the common shares used in the quarterly and annual computations as well as differences in rounding.

( 2 ) Net income for the fourth quarter of 2017 was impacted by the reversal of the Company’s deferred tax asset valuation allowance and the change in federal corporate tax rates in connection with the enactment of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017. The net result of these two items, as well as tax expense for the year, was an income tax benefit of $31.9 million.

XML

Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Consolidation, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Nature of Operations and Principles of Consolidation

– The consolidated financial statements include Limestone Bancorp, Inc. (Company) and its subsidiary, Limestone Bank (Bank). The Company owns a

100%

interest in the Bank.

The Company provides financial services through its offices in Central and South Central Kentucky, Lexington and Louisville. Its primary deposit products are checking, savings, and term certificate accounts, and its primary lending products are residential mortgage, commercial, agricultural, and real estate loans. Substantially all loans are collateralized by specific items of collateral including business assets and real estate. Commercial loans are expected to be repaid from cash flow from operations of businesses. There are

no

significant concentrations of loans to any

one

industry or customer. However, borrowers’ ability to repay their loans is dependent on the real estate and general economic conditions in the area. Other financial instruments which potentially represent concentrations of credit risk include deposit accounts in other financial institutions, federal funds sold, municipal securities, collateralized loan obligations, corporate securities, and bank owned life insurance.

Use of Estimates, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Use of Estimates

– To prepare financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, management makes estimates and assumptions based on available information. These estimates and assumptions affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and the disclosures provided, and future results could differ.

Cash and Cash Equivalents, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Cash

and Cash Equivalents

– For the purpose of presentation in the statements of cash flows, the Company considers all cash and amounts due from depository institutions as well as interest bearing deposits in banks that mature within

one

year and are carried at cost to be cash equivalents. Included in cash and due from banks and interest bearing deposits are amounts required to be held at the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis or maintained in vault cash in accordance with regulatory reserve requirements. The balance requirements were

$7.4

million and

$11.0

million at

December 31, 2018

and

2017,

respectively.

Investment, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Securities

– Debt securities are classified as held to maturity and carried at amortized cost when management has the intent and ability to hold them to maturity. Debt securities are classified as available for sale when they might be sold before maturity. Securities available for sale are carried at fair value, with unrealized holding gains and losses reported in other comprehensive income.

Interest income includes amortization of purchase premium or discount. Premiums and discounts on securities are amortized on the level-yield method anticipating prepayments on mortgage backed securities. Gains and losses on sales are recorded on the trade date and determined using the specific identification method.

Management evaluates securities for other-than-temporary impairment (“OTTI”) on at least a quarterly basis, and more frequently when economic or market conditions warrant such an evaluation. For securities in an unrealized loss position, management considers the extent and duration of the unrealized loss, and the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer. Management also assesses whether it intends to sell, or it is more likely than

not

that it will be required to sell, a security in an unrealized loss position before recovery of its amortized cost basis. If either of the criteria regarding intent or requirement to sell is met, the entire difference between amortized cost and fair value is recognized as impairment through earnings. For debt securities that do

not

meet the aforementioned criteria, the amount of impairment is split into

1

) OTTI related to credit loss, which is recognized in the income statement and

2

) OTTI related to other factors, which is recognized in other comprehensive income. The credit loss is defined as the difference between the present value of the cash flows expected to be collected and the amortized cost basis.

Finance, Loan and Lease Receivables, Held-for-sale, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Loans Held for Sale

– Loans held for sale include residential mortgage loans originated for sale into the secondary market and are carried at the lower of aggregate cost or fair value, as determined by outstanding commitments from investors. Net unrealized losses, if any, are recorded as a valuation allowance and charged to earnings.

Mortgage loans held for sale are generally sold with servicing rights released. If sold with servicing retained, the carrying value of mortgage loans sold is reduced by the amount allocated to the servicing right. Gains and losses on sales of mortgage loans are based on the difference between the selling price and the carrying value of the related loan sold.

Mortgage banking derivatives used in the ordinary course of business consist of mandatory forward sales contracts and rate lock loan commitments. Forward contracts represent future commitments to deliver loans at a specified price and date and are used to manage interest rate risk on loan commitments and mortgage loans held for sale. Rate lock commitments represent commitments to fund loans at a specific rate. These derivatives involve underlying items, such as interest rates, and are designed to transfer risk. Substantially all of these instruments expire within

60

days from the date of issuance. Notional amounts are amounts on which calculations and payments are based, but which do

not

represent credit exposure, as credit exposure is limited to the amounts required to be received or paid. Commitments to deliver loans and rate lock loan commitments were insignificant at year end.

Finance, Loan and Lease Receivables, Held-for-investment, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Loans

– Loans that management has the intent and ability to hold for the foreseeable future or until maturity or payoff are reported at the principal balance outstanding, net of deferred loan fees and costs, and an allowance for loan losses. Interest income is accrued on the unpaid principal balance. Loan origination fees, net of certain direct origination costs, are deferred and recognized in interest income using the level-yield method without anticipating prepayments. The recorded investment in loans includes the outstanding principal balance and unamortized deferred origination costs and fees.

Interest income recognition on mortgage and commercial loans is discontinued at the time the loan is

90

days delinquent unless the loan is well collateralized and in process of collection. Consumer loans are typically charged off

no

later than

90

days past due. Past due status is based on the contractual terms of the loan. In all cases, loans are placed on nonaccrual or charged off at an earlier date if collection of principal or interest is

not

expected.

All interest accrued but

not

received for loans placed on nonaccrual is reversed against interest income. Interest received on such loans is accounted for on the cash-basis or cost-recovery method, until qualifying for return to accrual. Loans are returned to accrual status when all the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future payments are reasonably assured.

Loans and Leases Receivable, Allowance for Loan Losses Policy [Policy Text Block]

Allowance for Loan Losses

– The allowance for loan losses is a valuation allowance for probable incurred credit losses. Loan losses are charged against the allowance when management believes the uncollectability of a loan balance is confirmed. Subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance. Management estimates the allowance balance required using past loan loss experience, the nature and volume of the portfolio, information about specific borrower situations and estimated collateral values, economic conditions, and other factors. Allocations of the allowance

may

be made for specific loans, but the entire allowance is available for any loan that, in management’s judgment, should be charged off.

The allowance consists of specific and general components. The specific component relates to loans that are individually classified as impaired. A loan is deemed impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Bank will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Loans for which the terms have been modified resulting in a concession, and for which the borrower is experiencing financial difficulties, are considered troubled debt restructurings and treated as impaired.

Factors considered in determining impairment include payment status, collateral value, and the probability of collecting scheduled principal and interest payments when due. Loans that experience insignificant payment delays and payment shortfalls generally are

not

classified as impaired. The significance of payment delays and payment shortfalls is determined on a case-by-case basis, taking into consideration all of the circumstances surrounding the loan and the borrower, including the length of the delay, the reasons for the delay, the borrower’s prior payment record, and the amount of the shortfall in relation to the principal and interest owed.

If a loan is impaired, a portion of the allowance is allocated so that the loan is reported, net, at the present value of estimated future cash flows using the loan’s existing rate or at the fair value of collateral if repayment is expected solely from the collateral. Large groups of smaller balance homogeneous loans, such as consumer and residential real estate loans, are collectively evaluated for impairment and are

not

separately identified for impairment disclosures. Troubled debt restructurings are separately identified for impairment disclosures and are measured at the present value of estimated future cash flows using the loan’s effective rate at inception. If a troubled debt restructuring is considered to be a collateral dependent loan, the loan is reported at the fair value of the collateral. For troubled debt restructurings that subsequently default, the amount of reserve is determined in accordance with the accounting policy for the allowance for loan losses.

The general component covers non-impaired loans and is based on historical loss experience adjusted for current factors. The historical loss experience is determined by portfolio segment and is based on actual loss history experienced over the most recent

five

years with equal weighting. This actual loss experience is supplemented with other economic factors based on the risks present for each portfolio segment. These economic factors include consideration of the following: changes in lending policies, procedures, and practices; effects of any change in risk selection and underwriting standards; national and local economic trends and conditions; industry conditions; trends in volume and terms of loans; experience, ability and depth of lending management and other relevant staff; levels of and trends in delinquencies and impaired loans; levels of and trends in charge-offs and recoveries; and effects of changes in credit concentrations.

A portfolio segment is defined as the level at which an entity develops and documents a systematic methodology to determine its allowance for loan losses. Management identified the following portfolio segments: commercial, commercial real estate, residential real estate, consumer, agricultural, and other.

● Commercial loans are made to businesses and depend on the strength of the industries, related borrowers, and cash flow from the businesses. Commercial loans are advances for equipment purchases, or to provide working capital, or to meet other financing needs of business enterprises. These loans may be secured by accounts receivable, inventory, equipment or other business assets. Financial information is obtained from the borrowers to evaluate their ability to repay the loans.

● Commercial real estate loans are affected by the local commercial real estate market and the local economy. Commercial real estate loans include loans on commercial properties occupied by borrowers and/or tenants. Construction and development loans are a component of this segment. These loans are generally secured by land under development or homes and commercial buildings under construction. Loans secured by farmland are also a component of this segment. Appraisals are obtained to support the loan amount. Financial information is obtained from the borrowers and/or the individual project to evaluate cash flows sufficiency to service the debt.

● Residential real estate loans are affected by the local residential real estate market, local economy, and, for variable rate mortgages, movement in indices tied to these loans. For owner occupied residential loans, the borrowers’ repayment ability is evaluated through a review of credit scores and debt to income ratios. For non-owner occupied residential loans, such as rental real estate, financial information is obtained from the borrowers and/or the individual project to evaluate cash flows sufficiency to service the debt. Appraisals are obtained to support the loan amount.

● Consumer loans depend on local economies. Consumer loans are generally unsecured, but may be secured by consumer assets. Management evaluates the borrowers’ repayment ability through a review of credit scores and an evaluation of debt to income ratios. Consumer loans may be for consumer goods purchases, cash flow needs, or for student loans or student debt refinances.

● Agriculture loans depend on the industries tied to these loans and are generally secured by livestock, crops, and/or equipment, but may be unsecured. Management evaluates the borrowers’ repayment ability through financial and business performance review.

● Other loans include loans to municipalities, loans secured by stock, and overdrafts. For municipal loans, management evaluates the borrowers’ revenue streams as well as ability to repay form general funds. For loans secured by stock, management evaluates the market value of the stock securing the loan in relation to the loan amount. Overdrafts are funded based on pre-established criteria related to the deposit account relationship.

Management analyzes key relevant risk characteristics for each portfolio segment having determined that loans in each segment possess similar general risk characteristics that are analyzed in connection with loan underwriting processes and procedures. In determining the allocated allowance, the weighted average loss rates over the most recent

five

years are used with equal weighting. Commercial real estate qualitative adjustment considerations include trends in the markets for underlying collateral values, risks related to tenant rents, and economic factors such as decreased sales demand, elevated inventory levels, and declining collateral values. Residential real estate loan considerations include macro economic factors such as unemployment rates, trends in vacancy rates, and home value trends. The commercial and agricultural portfolio qualitative adjustments are related to economic and portfolio performance trends. The agricultural, consumer and other portfolios are less significant in terms of size and risk is assessed based on the smaller dollar size of these loans and the geographical areas where the collateral is located.

Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Transfers of Financial Assets

– Transfers of financial assets are accounted for as sales, when control over the assets has been relinquished. Control over transferred assets is deemed to be surrendered when the assets have been isolated from the Company, the transferee obtains the right (free of conditions that constrain it from taking advantage of that right) to pledge or exchange the transferred assets, and the Company does

not

maintain effective control over the transferred assets through an agreement to repurchase them before their maturity.

Real Estate Owned, Valuation Allowance, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Other Real Estate Owned

(“OREO”) – Assets acquired through or instead of loan foreclosure are initially recorded at fair value less estimated costs to sell when acquired, establishing a new cost basis. These assets are subsequently accounted for at the lower of cost or fair value, less estimated costs to sell. If fair value declines subsequent to foreclosure, a write-down is recorded through expense. Costs after acquisition are expensed.

Property, Plant and Equipment, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Premises and Equipment

– Land is carried at cost. Premises and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Buildings and related components are depreciated using the straight-line method with useful lives generally ranging from

5

to

40

years. Furniture, fixtures and equipment are depreciated using the straight-line or accelerated method with useful lives generally ranging from

2

to

10

years.

Premises and equipment held for sale are recorded at fair value less estimated cost to sell at the time of transfer based upon independent

third

party appraisal. If fair value declines subsequent to transfer, write-downs are recorded through expense.

Premises and equipment are reviewed for impairment when events indicate their carrying amount

may

not

be recoverable from future undiscounted cash flows. If impaired, the assets are recorded at fair value through a charge to earnings.

Federal Home Loan Bank Stock, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) Stock

– The Bank is a member of the FHLB system. Members are required to own a certain amount of stock based on the level of borrowings and other factors, and

may

invest in additional amounts. FHLB stock is carried at cost, classified as a restricted security, and periodically evaluated for impairment. Because this stock is viewed as long term investment, impairment is based on ultimate recovery of par value. Both cash and stock dividends are reported as income.

Bank Owned Life Insurance, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Bank Owned Life Insurance

– The Bank has purchased life insurance policies on certain key executives. Company owned life insurance is recorded at the amount that can be realized under the insurance contract at the balance sheet date, which is the cash surrender value adjusted for other charges or other amounts due that are probable at settlement.

Pension and Other Postretirement Plans, Nonpension Benefits, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Benefit Plans

– Employee

401

(k) plan expense is the amount of matching contributions. Deferred compensation and supplemental retirement plan expense allocates the benefits over years of service.

Share-based Compensation, Option and Incentive Plans Policy [Policy Text Block]

Stock-Based Compensation

– Compensation cost is recognized for unvested stock awards issued to employees, based on the fair value of these awards at the date of grant. The market price of the Corporation’s common stock at the date of grant is used for restricted stock awards. Compensation cost is recognized over the required service period, generally defined as the vesting period. For awards with graded vesting, compensation cost is recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period for the entire award.

Income Tax, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Income Taxes

– Income tax expense is the total of the current year income tax due or refundable and the change in deferred tax assets and liabilities. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are the expected future tax amounts for the temporary differences between carrying amounts and tax bases of assets and liabilities, computed using enacted tax rates. A valuation allowance, if needed, reduces deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.

A tax position is recognized as a benefit only if it is "more likely than

not"

that the tax position would be sustained in a tax examination, with a tax examination being presumed to occur. The amount recognized is the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than

50%

likely of being realized on examination. For tax positions

not

meeting the "more likely than

not"

test,

no

tax benefit is recorded. The Company recognizes interest and/or penalties related to income tax matters in income tax expense.

Loan Commitments, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Loan Commitments and Related Financial Instruments

– Financial instruments include off-balance sheet credit instruments, such as commitments to make loans and commercial letters of credit, issued to meet customer-financing needs. The face amount for these items represents the exposure to loss, before considering customer collateral or ability to repay. Such financial instruments are recorded when they are funded.

Comprehensive Income, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Comprehensive

Income (

Loss

)

– Comprehensive loss consists of net income (loss) and other comprehensive income (loss). Other comprehensive income (loss) includes unrealized gains and losses on securities available for sale, which are also recognized as a separate component of equity.

Earnings Per Share, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Earnings

(Loss)

Per Common Share

– Basic earnings (loss) per common share are net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders divided by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings (loss) per common share include the dilutive effect, if any, of additional potential common shares issuable under stock options, warrants, and any convertible securities. Earnings (loss) and dividends per share are restated for all stock splits and dividends through the date of issue of the financial statements.

Earnings (Loss) Allocated to Participating Securities –

The Company has issued and outstanding unvested common shares to employees and directors through the stock incentive plan. Earnings (loss) are allocated to these participating securities based on their percentage of total issued and outstanding shares.

Commitments and Contingencies, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Loss Contingencies

– Loss contingencies, including claims and legal actions arising in the normal course of business, are recorded as liabilities when the likelihood of loss is probable and an amount or range of loss can be reasonably estimated.

Dividend Policy, [Policy Text Block]

Dividend Restriction

s

– Banking regulations require maintaining certain capital levels and

may

limit the dividends paid by the Bank to the Company or by the Company to shareholders.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

– Fair values of financial instruments are estimated using relevant market information and other assumptions. Fair value estimates involve uncertainties and matters of significant judgment regarding interest rates, credit risk, prepayments, and other factors, especially in the absence of broad markets for particular items. Changes in assumptions or in market conditions could significantly affect the estimates.

Derivatives, Policy [Policy Text Block]

D

erivative

I

nstruments

–

Derivative Instruments are carried at fair value and reflect the estimated amounts that would have been received to terminate these contracts at the reporting date based upon pricing or valuation models applied to current market information.

As part of the asset/liability management program, the Company utilizes, from time to time, risk participation agreements to reduce its sensitivity to changing interest rates. These are derivative instruments, which are recorded as assets or liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets at fair value. Changes in the fair values of derivatives are reported in the consolidated statements of operations or other comprehensive income (“OCI”) depending on the use of the derivative and whether the instrument qualifies for hedge accounting. The key criterion for the hedge accounting is that the hedged relationship must be found to be effective as determined by FASB ASC

815

Derivatives and Hedging.

Derivatives that qualify for the hedge accounting treatment are designated as either: a hedge of the fair value of the recognized asset or liability or of an unrecognized commitment (a fair value hedge) or a hedge of a forecasted transaction or the variability of cash flows to be received or paid related to a recognized asset or liability (a cash flow hedge). To date, the Company has

not

entered into a cash flow hedge. For cash flow hedges, changes in the fair values of the derivative instruments are reported in OCI to the extent the hedge is effective. The gains and losses on derivative instruments that are reported in OCI are reflected in the consolidated statements of income in the periods in which the results of operations are impacted by the variability of the cash flows of the hedged item. Generally, net interest income is increased or decreased by amounts receivable or payable with respect to the derivatives, which qualify for hedge accounting. At inception of the hedge, a Company must establish the method it uses for assessing the effectiveness of the hedging derivative and the measurement approach for determining the ineffective aspect of the hedge. The ineffective portion of the hedge, if any, is recognized currently in the consolidated statements of operations and time value expiration of the hedge when measuring ineffectiveness is excluded.

The risk participation agreements are

not

designated against specific assets or liabilities under ASC

815,

and, therefore, do

not

qualify for hedge accounting. The derivatives are recorded on the balance sheet at fair value and changes in fair value of both the borrower and the offsetting swap agreements are recorded (and essentially offset) in non-interest income. The fair value of the derivative instruments incorporates a consideration of credit risk in accordance with ASC

820,

resulting in some volatility in earnings each period.

New Accounting Pronouncements, Policy [Policy Text Block]

New Accounting Standards

–

In

May 2014,

FASB issued ASU

2014

-

09,

Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic

606

) (“ASC

606”

). The ASU provides guidance on revenue recognition for entities that enter into contracts with customers to transfer goods or services or enter into contracts for the transfer of nonfinancial assets. The core principle of the guidance is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The majority of the Company’s revenues come from interest income and other sources, including loans and securities that are outside the scope of ASC

606.

The Company’s services that fall within the scope of ASC

606

are presented in non-interest income and are recognized as revenue as the Company satisfies its obligation to the customer. Services within the scope of ASC

606

include service charges on deposit accounts, bank card interchange income, and the sale of OREO. Additional disclosures are required to provide quantitative and qualitative information regarding the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. The new guidance became effective for the Company on

January 1, 2018.

The impact of adopting this new guidance did

not

have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements, but did result in additional disclosures, which have been incorporated into

“Note

19

– Revenue from Contracts with Customers.”

In

January 2016,

the FASB issued an update ASU

No.

 

2016

-

01,

Financial Instruments – Overall (Subtopic

825

-

10

): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities. The amendments in this update impact public business entities as follows:

1

) Require equity investments (except those accounted for under the equity method of accounting or those that result in consolidation of the investee) to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income.

2

) Simplify the impairment assessment of equity investments without readily determinable fair values by requiring a qualitative assessment to identify impairment. When a qualitative assessment indicates that impairment exists, an entity is required to measure the investment at fair value.

3

) Eliminate the requirement to disclose the methods and significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value that is required to be disclosed for financial instruments measured at amortized cost on the balance sheet.

4

) Require entities to use the exit price notion when measuring the fair value of financial instruments for disclosure purposes.

5

) Require an entity to present separately in other comprehensive income the portion of the total change in fair value of a liability resulting from a change in the instrument-specific credit risk when the entity has elected to measure the liability at fair value in accordance with the fair value option for financial instruments.

6

) Require separate presentation of financial assets and financial liabilities by measurement category and form of financial asset (that is, securities or loans and receivables) on the balance sheet or the accompanying notes to the financial statements.

7

) Clarify that an entity should evaluate the need for a valuation allowance on a deferred tax asset related to available-for-sale securities in combination with the entity’s other deferred tax assets. The amendments in this update became effective for the Company on

January 1, 2018.

The impact of adopting the new guidance did

not

have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements, but did require additional disclosures. The additional disclosures have been incorporated into

“Note

16

– Fair Value

s

.”

In

February 2016,

the FASB issued an update ASU

No.

2016

-

02,

Leases (Topic

842

). Under the new guidance, lessees will be required to recognize the following for all leases, with the exception of short-term leases, at the commencement date: a lease liability, which is a lessee’s obligation to make lease payments arising from a lease, measured on a discounted basis; and a right-of-use asset, which is an asset that represents the lessee’s right to use, or control the use of, a specified asset for the lease term. Under the new guidance, lessor accounting in largely unchanged. The amendments in this update become effective for annual periods and interim periods within those annual periods beginning after

December 15, 2018.

Based on the Company’s existing lease agreements, the impact of adopting the new guidance on the consolidated financial statements was the recording of a lease liability and a right of use asset of approximately

$700,000

on

January 1, 2019.

In

June 2016,

the FASB issued ASU

No.

2016

-

13,

Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic

326

): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. The final standard will change estimates for credit losses related to financial assets measured at amortized cost such as loans, held-to-maturity debt securities, and certain other contracts. For estimating credit losses, the FASB is replacing the incurred loss model with an expected loss model, which is referred to as the current expected credit loss (CECL) model. Under the CECL model, certain financial assets that are carried at amortized cost, such as loans held for investment and held-to-maturity debt securities, are required to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected. The measurement of expected credit losses is to be based on information about past events, including historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectability of the reported amount. This measurement will take place at the time the financial asset is

first

added to the balance sheet and periodically thereafter. This differs significantly from the “incurred loss” model required under current GAAP, which delays recognition until it is probable a loss has been incurred. The change could materially affect how the allowance for loan losses is determined. The standard is effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after

December 15, 2019.

As previously disclosed, management has formed a cross functional committee that has overseen the enhancement of existing technology required to source and model data for the purpose of meeting this standard. The committee has selected a vendor to assist in generating loan level cash flows and disclosures. The project plan is targeting data and model validation completion during the

first

half of

2019,

with parallel processing the existing model with the CECL model for

two

to

three

quarters prior to implementation, depending on how model completion and validation occurs. During

2019,

management is focused on refining assumptions and continued review and challenges to the model. Additionally, management is researching and resolving interpretive accounting issues in the ASU, contemplating various accounting policies, developing processes and related controls, and considering various reporting disclosures. The impact of CECL model implementation is being evaluated, but it is expected that a

one

-time cumulative-effect adjustment to the allowance for loan losses will be recognized in retained earnings on the consolidated balance sheet as of the beginning of the

first

reporting period in which the new standard is effective, as is consistent with regulatory expectations set forth in interagency guidance. The magnitude of any adjustment or the overall impact of the new standard on financial condition or results of operation cannot yet be determined; however, management expects to identify a range in the Quarterly Report on Form

10

-Q for the quarterly period ended

September 30, 2019.

In

December 2018,

the OCC, The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, and the FDIC approved a final rule to address changes to the credit loss accounting under GAAP, including banking organizations’ implementation of CECL. The final rule provides banking organizations the option to phase in over a

three

-year period the day-

one

adverse effects on regulatory capital that

may

result from adoption of the new accounting standard.

In

March 2017,

the FASB issued ASU

No.

2017

-

08,

Receivables – Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs (Subtopic

310

-

20

): Premium Amortization of Purchased Callable Debt Securities. The final standard will shorten the amortization period for premiums on callable debt securities by requiring that premiums be amortized to the

first

(or earliest) call date instead of as an adjustment to the yield over the contractual life. The standard is effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after

December 15, 2018.

Adoption of this new guidance will

not

have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.

In

February 2018,

the FASB issued ASU

No.

2018

-

02,

Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic

220

): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects From Other Comprehensive Income. The final standard allows institutions to elect to reclassify the stranded tax effects from AOCI to retained earnings, limited to amounts in AOCI that are affected by the tax reform law. This includes re-measuring deferred tax assets and liabilities related to items presented in AOCI at the newly enacted tax rate and on other income tax effects of items remaining in AOCI. The standard is effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after

December 15, 2018,

and interim periods during

2018.

Early adoption was permitted. The Company adopted the standard on

January 1, 2018

and adoption did

not

have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements as it resulted in a

$113,000

entry between AOCI and retained deficit.

XML

Note 2 - Securities (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Notes Tables

Marketable Securities [Table Text Block]

	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value
December 31, 201 8	(in thousands)
Available for sale
U.S. Government and federal agency	$	23,280	$	2	$	(722	)	$	22,560
Agency mortgage-backed: residential		87,689		192		(1,891	)		85,990
Collateralized loan obligations		49,942		—		(103	)		49,839
State and municipal		32,841		230		(259	)		32,812
Corporate bonds		9,890		127		(26	)		9,991
Total available for sale	$	203,642	$	551	$	(3,001	)	$	201,192

	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value
December 31, 201 7	(in thousands)
Available for sale
U.S. Government and federal agency	$	22,105	$	2	$	(483	)	$	21,624
Agency mortgage-backed: residential		65,935		117		(1,087	)		64,965
Collateralized loan obligations		25,343		182		(20	)		25,505
State and municipal		33,303		508		(101	)		33,710
Corporate bonds		6,838		78		—			6,916
Total available for sale	$	153,524	$	887	$	(1,691	)	$	152,720

Schedule of Realized Gain (Loss) [Table Text Block]

	201 8		201 7		201 6
	(in thousands)
Proceeds	$	6,054	$	41,733	$	8,311
Gross gains		—		449		245
Gross losses		6		161		29

Investments Classified by Contractual Maturity Date [Table Text Block]

	December 31, 201 8
	Amortized Cost		Fair Value
	(in thousands)
Maturity
Available for sale
Within one year	$	27,583	$	27,662
One to five years		75,548		74,964
Five to ten years		12,822		12,576
Agency mortgage-backed: residential		87,689		85,990
Total	$	203,642	$	201,192

Schedule of Unrealized Loss on Investments [Table Text Block]

	Less than 12 Months					12 Months or More					Total
Description of Securities	Fair Value		Unrealized Loss			Fair Value		Unrealized Loss			Fair Value		Unrealized Loss
	(in thousands)
201 8
Available for sale
U.S. Government and federal agency	$	3,431	$	(57	)	$	17,212	$	(665	)	$	20,643	$	(722	)
Agency mortgage-backed: residential		30,229		(343	)		40,932		(1,548	)		71,161		(1,891	)
Collateralized loan obligations		48,294		(103	)		—		—			48,294		(103	)
State and municipal		6,133		(29	)		7,252		(230	)		13,385		(259	)
Corporate Bonds		3,569		(26	)		—		—			3,569		(26	)
Total temporarily impaired	$	91,656	$	(558	)	$	65,396	$	(2,443	)	$	157,052	$	(3,001	)

	Less than 12 Months					12 Months or More					Total
Description of Securities	Fair Value		Unrealized Loss			Fair Value		Unrealized Loss			Fair Value		Unrealized Loss
	(in thousands)
201 7
Available for sale
U.S. Government and federal agency	$	5,788	$	(97	)	$	14,121	$	(386	)	$	19,909	$	(483	)
Agency mortgage-backed: residential		21,104		(172	)		27,158		(915	)		48,262		(1,087	)
Collateralized loan obligations		6,038		(20	)		—		—			6,038		(20	)
State and municipal		7,492		(101	)		—		—			7,492		(101	)
Total temporarily impaired	$	40,422	$	(390	)	$	41,279	$	(1,301	)	$	81,701	$	(1,691	)

XML

Note 3 - Loans (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Notes Tables

Schedule of Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Table Text Block]

	201 8			201 7
	(in thousands)
Commercial	$	129,368		$	113,771
Commercial Real Estate:
Construction		86,867			57,342
Farmland		77,937			88,320
Nonfarm nonresidential		172,177			156,724
Residential Real Estate:
Multi-family		49,757			56,588
1-4 Family		175,761			179,222
Consumer		39,104			18,439
Agriculture		33,737			41,154
Other		536			555
Subtotal		765,244			712,115
Less: Allowance for loan losses		(8,880	)		(8,202	)
Loans, net	$	756,364		$	703,913

Allowance for Credit Losses on Financing Receivables [Table Text Block]

	Commercial			Commercial Real Estate			Residential Real Estate			Consumer			Agriculture			Other			Total
December 31, 201 8 :	(in thousands)
Beginning balance	$	892		$	4,032		$	2,900		$	64		$	313		$	1		$	8,202
Provision (negative provision)		196			(192	)		(599	)		92			6			(3	)		(500	)
Loans charged off		(50	)		(198	)		(252	)		(95	)		(13	)		(8	)		(616	)
Recoveries		261			1,034			403			69			15			12			1,794
Ending balance	$	1,299		$	4,676		$	2,452		$	130		$	321		$	2		$	8,880

	Commercial			Commercial Real Estate			Residential Real Estate			Consumer			Agriculture			Other			Total
Dec ember 3 1 , 201 7 :	(in thousands)
Beginning balance	$	475		$	4,894		$	3,426		$	8		$	162		$	2		$	8,967
Provision (negative provision)		363			(1,223	)		(129	)		(8	)		213			(16	)		(800	)
Loans charged off		(5	)		(58	)		(692	)		(51	)		(95	)		–			(901	)
Recoveries		59			419			295			115			33			15			936
Ending balance	$	892		$	4,032		$	2,900		$	64		$	313		$	1		$	8,202
Dec ember 3 1 , 201 6 :
Beginning balance	$	818		$	6,993		$	3,984		$	122		$	122		$	2		$	12,041
Provision (negative provision)		(401	)		(2,438	)		749			(314	)		(56	)		10			(2,450	)
Loans charged off		(276	)		(505	)		(1,652	)		(99	)		(18	)		(79	)		(2,629	)
Recoveries		334			844			345			299			114			69			2,005
Ending balance	$	475		$	4,894		$	3,426		$	8		$	162		$	2		$	8,967

Impairment Evaluation of Financing Receivables [Table Text Block]

	Commercial		Commercial Real Estate		Residential Real Estate		Consumer		Agriculture		Other		Total
	(in thousands)
Allowance for loan losses:
Ending allowance balance attributable to loans:
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	–	$	35	$	168	$	–	$	–	$	–	$	203
Collectively evaluated for impairment		1,299		4,641		2,284		130		321		2		8,677
Total ending allowance balance	$	1,299	$	4,676	$	2,452	$	130	$	321	$	2	$	8,880
Loans:
Loans individually evaluated for impairment	$	53	$	510	$	2,348	$	–	$	–	$	–	$	2,911
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment		129,315		336,471		223,170		39,104		33,737		536		762,333
Total ending loans balance	$	129,368	$	336,981	$	225,518	$	39,104	$	33,737	$	536	$	765,244

	Commercial		Commercial Real Estate		Residential Real Estate		Consumer		Agriculture		Other		Total
	(in thousands)
Allowance for loan losses:
Ending allowance balance attributable to loans:
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	13	$	–	$	206	$	–	$	–	$	–	$	219
Collectively evaluated for impairment		879		4,032		2,694		64		313		1		7,983
Total ending allowance balance	$	892	$	4,032	$	2,900	$	64	$	313	$	1	$	8,202
Loans:
Loans individually evaluated for impairment	$	587	$	2,635	$	3,950	$	1	$	–	$	–	$	7,173
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment		113,184		299,751		231,860		18,438		41,154		555		704,942
Total ending loans balance	$	113,771	$	302,386	$	235,810	$	18,439	$	41,154	$	555	$	712,115

Impaired Financing Receivables [Table Text Block]

	Unpaid Principal Balance		Recorded Investment		Allowance For Loan Losses Allocated		Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized		Cash Basis Income Recognized
	(in thousands)
With No Related Allowance Recorded:
Commercial	$	120	$	53	$	—	$	125	$	1	$	1
Commercial real estate:
Construction		—		—		—		—		—		—
Farmland		1,860		89		—		1,156		525		360
Nonfarm nonresidential		402		262		—		327		19		—
Residential real estate:
Multi-family		—		—		—		—		—		—
1-4 Family		2,678		1,628		—		1,964		164		111
Consumer		12		—		—		1		—		—
Agriculture		—		—		—		—		7		6
Other		—		—		—		—		—		—
Subtotal		5,072		2,032		—		3,573		716		478
With An Allowance Recorded:
Commercial		—		—		—		60		3		—
Commercial real estate:
Construction		—		—		—		—		—		—
Farmland		—		—		—		—		—		—
Nonfarm nonresidential		159		159		35		100		—		—
Residential real estate:
Multi-family		—		—		—		—		—		—
1-4 Family		720		720		168		1,111		44		—
Consumer		—		—		—		—		—		—
Agriculture		—		—		—		—		—		—
Other		—		—		—		—		—		—
Subtotal		879		879		203		1,271		47		—
Total	$	5,951	$	2,911	$	203	$	4,844	$	763	$	478

	Unpaid Principal Balance		Recorded Investment		Allowance For Loan Losses Allocated		Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized		Cash Basis Income Recognized
	(in thousands)
With No Related Allowance Recorded:
Commercial	$	703	$	487	$	—	$	495	$	7	$	7
Commercial real estate:
Construction		—		—		—		—		—		—
Farmland		3,687		2,059		—		2,651		210		210
Nonfarm nonresidential		1,047		576		—		716		59		47
Residential real estate:
Multi-family		—		—		—		820		—		—
1-4 Family		4,293		2,787		—		2,884		143		143
Consumer		9		1		—		2		2		2
Agriculture		—		—		—		24		1		1
Other		—		—		—		—		—		—
Subtotal		9,739		5,910		—		7,592		422		410
With An Allowance Recorded:
Commercial		100		100		13		100		7		—
Commercial real estate:
Construction		—		—		—		—		—		—
Farmland		—		—		—		235		—		—
Nonfarm nonresidential		—		—		—		238		14		—
Residential real estate:
Multi-family		—		—		—		—		—		—
1-4 Family		1,163		1,163		206		1,404		68		—
Consumer		—		—		—		—		—		—
Agriculture		—		—		—		24		—		—
Other		—		—		—		—		—		—
Subtotal		1,263		1,263		219		2,001		89		—
Total	$	11,002	$	7,173	$	219	$	9,593	$	511	$	410

	Unpaid Principal Balance		Recorded Investment		Allowance For Loan Losses Allocated		Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized		Cash Basis Income Recognized
	(in thousands)
With No Related Allowance Recorded:
Commercial	$	707	$	495	$	—	$	758	$	39	$	39
Commercial real estate:
Construction		—		—		—		156		9		—
Farmland		5,566		3,742		—		4,188		94		95
Nonfarm nonresidential		4,502		1,219		—		4,699		310		189
Residential real estate:
Multi-family		4,100		4,100		—		2,608		287		1
1-4 Family		4,663		2,910		—		5,509		162		94
Consumer		41		1		—		7		8		8
Agriculture		—		—		—		73		28		28
Other		—		—		—		—		—		—
Subtotal		19,579		12,467		—		17,998		937		454
With An Allowance Recorded:
Commercial		100		100		13		20		6		—
Commercial real estate:
Construction		—		—		—		—		—		—
Farmland		614		590		5		358		—		—
Nonfarm nonresidential		303		303		30		398		23		—
Residential real estate:
Multi-family		—		—		—		2,506		101		—
1-4 Family		1,676		1,611		350		1,659		111		—
Consumer		—		—		—		—		—		—
Agriculture		78		60		1		39		—		—
Other		—		—		—		—		—		—
Subtotal		2,771		2,664		399		4,980		241		—
Total	$	22,350	$	15,131	$	399	$	22,978	$	1,178	$	454

Troubled Debt Restructurings on Financing Receivables [Table Text Block]

	TDRs Performing to Modified Terms		TDRs Not Performing to Modified Terms		Total TDRs
	(in thousands)
December 31, 201 8
Commercial Real Estate:
Nonfarm nonresidential
Rate reduction	$	190	$	—	$	190
Residential Real Estate:
1-4 Family
Rate reduction		720		—		720
Total TDRs	$	910	$	—	$	910
December 31, 201 7
Commercial
Rate reduction	$	—	$	33	$	33
Principal deferral		—		434		434
Commercial Real Estate:
Farmland
Principal deferral		—		1,362		1,362
Nonfarm nonresidential
Rate reduction		483		—		483
Residential Real Estate:
1-4 Family
Rate reduction		734		—		734
Total TDRs	$	1,217	$	1,829	$	3,046

Schedule of Financing Receivables, Non Accrual Status [Table Text Block]

	Nonaccrual				Loans Past Due 90 Days And Over Still Accruing
	201 8		201 7		201 8		201 7
	(in thousands)
Commercial	$	53	$	487	$	—	$	—
Commercial Real Estate:
Construction		—		—		—		—
Farmland		249		2,059		—		—
Nonfarm nonresidential		61		93		—		—
Residential Real Estate:
Multi-family		—		—		—		—
1-4 Family		1,628		2,817		—		—
Consumer		—		1		—		—
Agriculture		—		—		—		1
Other		—		—		—		—
Total	$	1,991	$	5,457	$	—	$	1

Past Due Financing Receivables [Table Text Block]

	30 – 59 Days Past Due		60 – 89 Days Past Due		90 Days And Over Past Due		Nonaccrual		Total Past Due And Nonaccrual
	(in thousands)
December 31 , 201 8
Commercial	$	39	$	—	$	—	$	53	$	92
Commercial Real Estate:
Construction		—		—		—		—		—
Farmland		244		107		—		249		600
Nonfarm nonresidential		—		52		—		61		113
Residential Real Estate:
Multi-family		—		—		—		—		—
1-4 Family		1,299		137		—		1,628		3,064
Consumer		8		35		—		—		43
Agriculture		3		—		—		—		3
Other		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	1,593	$	331	$	—	$	1,991	$	3,915

	30 – 59 Days Past Due		60 – 89 Days Past Due		90 Days And Over Past Due		Nonaccrual		Total Past Due And Nonaccrual
	(in thousands)
December 31, 201 7
Commercial	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	487	$	487
Commercial Real Estate:
Construction		—		—		—		—		—
Farmland		593		—		—		2,059		2,652
Nonfarm nonresidential		—		—		—		93		93
Residential Real Estate:
Multi-family		—		—		—		—		—
1-4 Family		850		126		—		2,817		3,793
Consumer		30		45		—		1		76
Agriculture		5		—		1		—		6
Other		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	1,478	$	171	$	1	$	5,457	$	7,107

Financing Receivable Credit Quality Indicators [Table Text Block]

	Pass		Watch		Special Mention		Substandard		Doubtful		Total
	(in thousands)
December 31, 201 8
Commercial	$	129,106	$	141	$	—	$	121	$	—	$	129,368
Commercial Real Estate:
Construction		86,867		—		—		—		—		86,867
Farmland		74,054		2,741		—		1,142		—		77,937
Nonfarm nonresidential		169,551		1,983		—		643		—		172,177
Residential Real Estate:
Multi-family		44,697		5,060		—		—		—		49,757
1-4 Family		169,342		2,209		113		4,097		—		175,761
Consumer		38,768		11		—		325		—		39,104
Agriculture		32,683		1,019		—		35		—		33,737
Other		536		—		—		—		—		536
Total	$	745,604	$	13,164	$	113	$	6,363	$	—	$	765,244

	Pass		Watch		Special Mention		Substandard		Doubtful		Total
	(in thousands)
December 31, 201 7
Commercial	$	112,978	$	84	$	—	$	709	$	—	$	113,771
Commercial Real Estate:
Construction		57,342		—		—		—		—		57,342
Farmland		76,563		7,607		—		4,150		—		88,320
Nonfarm nonresidential		152,004		2,906		—		1,814		—		156,724
Residential Real Estate:
Multi-family		47,121		9,467		—		—		—		56,588
1-4 Family		169,774		3,535		164		5,749		—		179,222
Consumer		18,042		306		—		91		—		18,439
Agriculture		38,654		1,810		—		690		—		41,154
Other		555		—		—		—		—		555
Total	$	673,033	$	25,715	$	164	$	13,203	$	—	$	712,115

XML

Note 4 - Premises and Equipment (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Notes Tables

Property, Plant and Equipment [Table Text Block]

	201 8			201 7
	(in thousands)
Land and buildings	$	19,999		$	23,124
Furniture and equipment		11,283			10,151
		31,282			33,275
Accumulated depreciation		(16,627	)		(16,486	)
	$	14,655		$	16,789

XML

Note 5 - Other Real Estate Owned (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Notes Tables

Schedule of Real Estate Properties [Table Text Block]

	201 8		201 7
	(in thousands)
Commercial Real Estate:
Construction, land development, and other land	$	3,485	$	4,335
Farmland		—		74
	$	3,485	$	4,409

Schedule of Expenses Related to Foreclosed Real Estate [Table Text Block]

	201 8			201 7			20 1 6
	(in thousands)
OREO Activity
OREO as of January 1	$	4,409		$	6,821		$	19,214
Real estate acquired		730			270			1,273
Valuation adjustment write-downs		(850	)		(1,963	)		(1,180	)
Net gain on sale		72			74			222
Proceeds from sale of properties		(876	)		(793	)		(12,708	)
OREO as of December 31	$	3,485		$	4,409		$	6,821

Reclassification out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income [Table Text Block]

	201 8			201 7			20 1 6
	(in thousands)
Net gain on sales	$	(72	)	$	(74	)	$	(222	)
Valuation adjustment write-downs		850			1,963			1,180
Operating expense		90			84			583
Total	$	868		$	1,973		$	1,541

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Note 6 - Deposits (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Notes Tables

Schedule of Deposits [Table Text Block]

	December 31, 201 8		December 31, 201 7
	(in thousands)
Non-interest bearing	$	142,618	$	137,386
Interest checking		94,269		99,383
Money market		171,924		151,388
Savings		34,534		34,632
Certificates of deposit		450,886		424,235
Total	$	894,231	$	847,024

Schedule of Maturities of Time Deposits [Table Text Block]

	Total
2019	$	256,745
2020		171,043
2021		5,639
2022		6,523
2023		10,936
	$	450,886

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Note 7 - Advances From Federal Home Loan Bank (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Notes Tables

Schedule of Federal Home Loan Bank, Advances, by Branch of FHLB Bank [Table Text Block]

	December 31,		December 31,
	2018		2017
	(in thousands)
Short term advances (fixed rates 2.47% to 2.52%) maturing January 2019	$	45,000	$	10,000
Long term advances (fixed rates 0.00% to 5.24%) maturing April 2020 to August 2033		1,549		1,797
Total advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank	$	46,549	$	11,797

Schedule of Maturities of Long-term Debt [Table Text Block]

	Advances
2019	$	45,172
2020		471
2021		719
2022		100
2023		59
Thereafter		28
	$	46,549

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Note 8 - Junior Subordinated Debentures (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Notes Tables

Schedule of Subordinated Borrowing [Table Text Block]

Description	Issuance Date	Interest Rate (1)	Junior Subordinated Debt Owed To Trust		Maturity Date (2)
Statutory Trust I	2/13/2004	3-month LIBOR + 2.85%	$	3,000,000	2/13/2034
Statutory Trust II	2/13/2004	3-month LIBOR + 2.85%		5,000,000	2/13/2034
Statutory Trust III	4/15/2004	3-month LIBOR + 2.79%		3,000,000	4/15/2034
Statutory Trust IV	12/14/2006	3-month LIBOR + 1.67%		10,000,000	3/01/2037
			$	21,000,000

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Note 11 - Income Taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Notes Tables

Schedule of Components of Income Tax Expense (Benefit) [Table Text Block]

	201 8			201 7			20 1 6
	(in thousands)
Current	$	(346	)	$	—		$	21
Deferred		121			2,523			2,771
Net operating loss		2,255			(647	)		(4,009	)
Change in federal statutory rate		—			20,274			—
Change in valuation allowance		—			(54,049	)		1,238
	$	2,030		$	(31,899	)	$	21

Schedule of Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation [Table Text Block]

	201 8			201 7			20 1 6
	(in thousands)
Federal statutory rate		21	%		35	%		35	%
Federal statutory rate times financial statement income (loss)	$	2,273		$	2,294		$	(956	)
Effect of:
Valuation allowance		—			(54,049	)		1,238
Tax-exempt income		(80	)		(196	)		(211	)
Non-taxable life insurance income		(92	)		(144	)		(146	)
Restricted stock vesting		(115	)		(121	)		—
Change in federal statutory rate		—			20,274			—
Other, net		44			43			96
Total	$	2,030		$	(31,899	)	$	21

Schedule of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities [Table Text Block]

	201 8		201 7
	(in thousands)
Deferred tax assets:
Net operating loss carry-forward	$	23,390	$	25,645
Allowance for loan losses		1,865		1,723
OREO write-down		2,611		2,432
Alternative minimum tax credit carry-forward		346		692
Net assets from acquisitions		290		358
Net unrealized loss on securities		515		169
New market tax credit carry-forward		208		208
Nonaccrual loan interest		235		271
Accrued expenses		239		172
Deferred compensation		267		277
Other		241		241
		30,207		32,188
Deferred tax liabilities:
FHLB stock dividends		557		557
Fixed assets		94		68
Deferred loan costs		136		152
Other		138		98
		925		875
Net deferred tax assets	$	29,282	$	31,313

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Note 12 - Related Party Transactions (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Notes Tables

Schedule of Related Party Transactions [Table Text Block]

Beginning balance	$	9,400
New loans		7,104
Repayments		(2,313	)
Ending balance	$	14,191

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Note 14 - Regulatory Capital Matters (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Notes Tables

Schedule of Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Table Text Block]

	Actual					Minimum Requirement for Capital Adequacy Purposes					Minimum Requirement to be Well Capitalized Under Prompt Corrective Action Provisions
	Amount		Ratio			Amount		Ratio			Amount		Ratio
As of December 31, 201 8 :
Total risk-based capital (to risk-weighted assets)	$	109,309		12.88	%	$	67,920		8.00	%	$	84,900		10.00	%
Total common equity Tier 1 risk-based capital (to risk-weighted assets)		100,429		11.83			38,205		4.50			55,185		6.50
Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets)		100,429		11.83			50,940		6.00			67,920		8.00
Tier 1 capital (to average assets)		100,429		9.60			41,837		4.00			52,297		5.00

	Actual					Minimum Requirement for Capital Adequacy Purposes					Minimum Requirement to be Well Capitalized Under Prompt Corrective Action Provisions
	Amount		Ratio			Amount		Ratio			Amount		Ratio
As of December 31, 2017:
Total risk-based capital (to risk-weighted assets)	$	91,305		11.61	%	$	62,938		8.00	%	$	78,672		10.00	%
Total common equity Tier 1 risk-based capital (to risk-weighted assets)		81,393		10.35			35,403		4.50			51,137		6.50
Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets)		81,393		10.35			47,203		6.00			62,938		8.00
Tier 1 capital (to average assets)		81,393		8.70			37,421		4.00			46,777		5.00

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Note 15 - Off Balance Sheet Risks, Commitments, and Contingent Liabilities (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Notes Tables

Schedule of Fair Value, Off-balance Sheet Risks [Table Text Block]

	201 8				201 7
	Fixed Rate		Variable Rate		Fixed Rate		Variable Rate
	(in thousands)
Commitments to make loans	$	5,317	$	11,236	$	27,349	$	31,412
Unused lines of credit		7,410		73,024		11,034		57,727
Standby letters of credit		541		1,752		2,216		373

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Note 16 - Fair Values (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Notes Tables

Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Table Text Block]

			Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 201 8 Using
			(in thousands)
Description	Carrying Value		Quoted Prices In Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Available for sale securities
U.S. Government and federal agency	$	22,560	$	—	$	22,560	$	—
Agency mortgage-backed: residential		85,990		—		85,990		—
Collateralized loan obligations		49,839		—		49,839		—
State and municipal		32,812		—		32,812		—
Corporate bonds		9,991		—		9,991		—
Total	$	201,192	$	—	$	201,192	$	—

			Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 201 7 Using
			(in thousands)
Description	Carrying Value		Quoted Prices In Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Available for sale securities
U.S. Government and federal agency	$	21,624	$	—	$	21,624	$	—
Agency mortgage-backed: residential		64,965		—		64,965		—
Collateralized loan obligations		25,505		—		25,505		—
State and municipal		33,710		—		33,710		—
Corporate bonds		6,916		—		6,916		—
Total	$	152,720	$	—	$	152,720	$	—

			Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 201 8 Using
			(in thousands)
Description	Carrying Value		Quoted Prices In Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Impaired lo ans :
Commercial	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Commercial real estate:
Construction		—		—		—		—
Farmland		—		—		—		—
Nonfarm nonresidential		124		—		—		124
Residential real estate:
Multi-family		—		—		—		—
1-4 Family		552		—		—		552
Consumer		—		—		—		—
Agriculture		—		—		—		—
Other		—		—		—		—
Other real estate owned, net :
Commercial real estate:
Construction		3,485		—		—		3,485
Farmland		—		—		—		—
Nonfarm nonresidential		—		—		—		—
Residential real estate:
Multi-family		—		—		—		—
1-4 Family		—		—		—		—

			Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 201 7 Using
			(in thousands)
Description	Carrying Value		Quoted Prices In Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Impaired loans:
Commercial	$	87	$	—	$	—	$	87
Commercial real estate:
Construction		—		—		—		—
Farmland		—		—		—		—
Nonfarm nonresidential		—		—		—		—
Residential real estate:
Multi-family		—		—		—		—
1-4 Family		957		—		—		957
Consumer		—		—		—		—
Agriculture		—		—		—		—
Other		—		—		—		—
Other real estate owned, net :
Commercial real estate:
Construction		4,335		—		—		4,335
Farmland		74		—		—		74
Nonfarm nonresidential		—		—		—		—
Residential real estate:
Multi-family		—		—		—		—
1-4 Family		—		—		—		—

Fair Value Assets Measured on Nonrecurring Basis Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Table Text Block]

	Fair Value		Valuation Technique(s)	Unobservable Input(s)	Range (Weighted Average)
	(in thousands)
Impaired loans – Residential real estate	$	552	Sales comparison approach	Adjustment for differences between the comparable sales	0%	-	26%	(11%)
Other real estate owned – Commercial real estate	$	3,485	Sales comparison approach	Adjustment for differences between the comparable sales	0%	-	35%	(18%)
			Income approach	Discount or capitalization rate	25%		(25%)

	Fair Value		Valuation Technique(s)	Unobservable Input(s)	Range (Weighted Average)
	(in thousands)
Impaired loans – Residential real estate	$	957	Sales comparison approach	Adjustment for differences between the comparable sales	0%	-	26%	(9%)
Other real estate owned – Commercial real estate	$	4,409	Sales comparison approach	Adjustment for differences between the comparable sales	0%	-	35%	(18%)
			Income approach	Discount or capitalization rate	25%		(25%)

Fair Value, by Balance Sheet Grouping [Table Text Block]

			Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 201 8 Using
	Carrying Amount		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
	(in thousands)
Financial assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	35,361	$	35,361	$	—	$	—	$	35,361
Securities available for sale		201,192		—		201,192		—		201,192
Federal Home Loan Bank stock		7,233		N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A
Loans, net		756,364		—		—		744,076		744,076
Accrued interest receivable		3,665		—		1,222		2,443		3,665
Financial liabilities
Deposits	$	894,231	$	142,618	$	750,015	$	—	$	892,633
Federal Home Loan Bank advances		46,549		—		46,519		—		46,519
Junior subordinated debentures		21,000		—		—		16,226		16,226
Senior debt		10,000		—		—		9,585		9,585
Accrued interest payable		658		—		598		60		658

			Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2017 Using
	Carrying Amount		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
	(in thousands)
Financial assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	34,103	$	34,103	$	—	$	—	$	34,103
Securities available for sale		152,720		—		152,720		—		152,720
Federal Home Loan Bank stock		7,323		N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A
Loans held for sale		70		—		70		—		70
Loans, net		703,913		—		—		703,263		703,263
Accrued interest receivable		3,136		—		925		2,211		3,136
Financial liabilities
Deposits	$	847,024	$	137,386	$	693,320	$	—	$	830,706
Federal Home Loan Bank advances		11,797		—		11,799		—		11,799
Subordinated capital notes		2,250		—		—		2,246		2,246
Junior subordinated debentures		21,000		—		—		19,090		19,090
Senior debt		10,000		—		—		10,000		10,000
Accrued interest payable		1,475		—		357		1,118		1,475

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Note 17 - Stock Plans and Stock Based Compensation (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Notes Tables

Schedule of Nonvested Share Activity [Table Text Block]

	Twelve Months Ended					Twelve Months Ended
	December 31 , 201 8					December 31, 201 7
				Weighted					Weighted
				Average					Average
				Grant					Grant
	Shares			Price		Shares			Price
Outstanding, beginning		142,334		$	5.67		179,513		$	4.89
Granted		52,856			13.94		37,865			9.64
Vested		(78,281	)		6.75		(73,728	)		5.75
Forfeited		—			—		(1,316	)		9.35
Outstanding, ending		116,909		$	8.69		142,334		$	5.67

Schedule of Unrecognized Compensation Cost, Nonvested Awards [Table Text Block]

2019	$	287
2020		213
2021		94
2022 & thereafter		—

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Note 18 - Earnings (Loss) Per Share (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Notes Tables

Schedule of Earnings Per Share, Basic and Diluted [Table Text Block]

	201 8		201 7		201 6
	(in thousands, except share and per share data)
Net income (loss)	$	8,794	$	38,453	$	(2,753	)
Less:
Earnings (losses) allocated to unvested shares		144		967		(88	)
Net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders, basic and diluted	$	8,650	$	37,486	$	(2,665	)
Basic
Weighted average common shares including unvested common shares and participating preferred shares outstanding		7,159,723		6,249,059		5,980,945
Less:
Weighted average unvested common shares		117,030		157,127		192,232
Weighted average common shares outstanding		7,042,693		6,091,932		5,788,713
Basic income (loss) per common share	$	1.23	$	6.15	$	(0.46	)
Diluted
Add: Dilutive effects of assumed exercises of common stock warrants		—		—		—
Weighted average common shares and potential common shares		7,042,693		6,091,932		5,788,713
Diluted income (loss) per common share	$	1.23	$	6.15	$	(0.46	)

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Note 20 - Parent Company Only Condensed Financial Information (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Notes Tables

Condensed Balance Sheet [Table Text Block]

	December 31,
	201 8		201 7
	(in thousands)
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents (1)	$	5,369	$	2,045
Investment in banking subsidiary		114,042		99,651
Investment in and advances to other subsidiaries		776		776
Deferred taxes, net		3,142		2,497
Other assets		682		711
Total assets	$	124,011	$	105,680
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Debt	$	31,775	$	31,775
Accrued expenses and other liabilities		139		1,232
Shareholders’ equity		92,097		72,673
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity	$	124,011	$	105,680

Condensed Income Statement [Table Text Block]

	Years ended December 31,
	201 8			201 7			201 6
	(in thousands)
Interest income	$	45		$	4		$	5
Dividends from subsidiaries		35			26			23
Other income		38			—			17
Interest expense		(1,370	)		(973	)		(694	)
Other expense		(1,290	)		(1,137	)		(1,240	)
Loss before income tax and undistributed subsidiary income		(2,542	)		(2,080	)		(1,889	)
Income tax expense (benefit)		(645	)		(2,497	)		21
Equity in undistributed subsidiary income (loss)		10,691			38,036			(843	)
Net income ( loss )	$	8,794		$	38,453		$	(2,753	)

Condensed Cash Flow Statement [Table Text Block]

	Years ended December 31,
	201 8			201 7			20 1 6
	(in thousands)
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income (loss)	$	8,794		$	38,453		$	(2,753	)
Adjustments:
Equity in undistributed subsidiary (income) loss		(10,691	)		(38,036	)		843
Deferred taxes, net		(645	)		(2,497	)		—
Change in other assets		29			743			(95	)
Change in other liabilities		(1,093	)		(128	)		358
Other		525			462			978
Net cash (used in) operating activities		(3,081	)		(1,003	)		(669	)
Cash flows from investing activities
Investments in subsidiaries		(5,000	)		(9,000	)		(500	)
Net cash (used in) from investing activities		(5,000	)		(9,000	)		(500	)
Cash flows from financing activities
Proceeds from issuance of common stock		14,910			—			2,231
Redemption of preferred stock		(3,505	)		—			—
Proceeds from senior debt		—			10,000			—
Net cash provided by (used in) from financing activities		11,405			10,000			2,231
Net change in cash and cash equivalents		3,324			(3	)		1,062
Beginning cash and cash equivalents		2,045			2,048			986
Ending cash and cash equivalents	$	5,369		$	2,045		$	2,048

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Note 21 - Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited) (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Notes Tables

Quarterly Financial Information [Table Text Block]

														Earnings (Loss) Per Common Share
	Interest Income		Net Interest Income		Negative Provision For Loan Losses			OREO Expense			Net Income (Loss)			Basic (1)		Diluted (1)
	(in thousands, except per share data)
201 8
First quarter	$	10,015	$	8,181	$	—		$	82		$	1,934		$	0.31	$	0.31
Second quarter		10,585		8,374		(150	)		237			1,983			0.27		0.27
Third quarter		11,120	$	8,412	$	(350	)	$	271		$	2,437		$	0.33	$	0.33
Fourth quarter		11,741		8,704		—			278			2,440			0.33		0.33
201 7
First quarter	$	9,225	$	7,741	$	—		$	(16	)	$	1,680		$	0.27	$	0.27
Second quarter		9,134		7,588		—			(3	)		1,709			0.27		0.27
Third quarter		9,446		7,787		—			111			1,794			0.29		0.29
Fourth quarter		9,717		8,001		(800	)		1,881			33,270	(2)		5.31		5.31

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Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details Textual) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Jan. 01, 2019	Dec. 31, 2017
Federal Home Loan Bank, Regulatory Capital, Required	$ 7,400,000		$ 11,000,000
Reclassification of Tax Effects From AOCI
AOCI Attributable to Parent [Member]
Reclassification of Tax Effects From AOCI	(113,000)
Retained Earnings [Member]
Reclassification of Tax Effects From AOCI	113,000
Accounting Standards Update 2016-02 [Member] | Subsequent Event [Member]
Operating Lease, Liability, Total		$ 700,000
Operating Lease, Right-of-Use Asset		$ 700,000
Accounting Standards Update 2018-02 [Member] | AOCI Attributable to Parent [Member]
Reclassification of Tax Effects From AOCI	(113,000)
Accounting Standards Update 2018-02 [Member] | Retained Earnings [Member]
Reclassification of Tax Effects From AOCI	$ 113,000
Minimum [Member] | Building [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Useful Life	5 years
Minimum [Member] | Furniture and Fixtures [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Useful Life	2 years
Maximum [Member] | Building [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Useful Life	40 years
Maximum [Member] | Furniture and Fixtures [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Useful Life	10 years
Limestone Bank [Member]
Noncontrolling Interest, Ownership Percentage by Parent	100.00%

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Note 2 - Securities (Details Textual) xbrli-pure in Thousands		12 Months Ended
	Dec. 01, 2017 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2018 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2017 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2016 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2013 USD ($)
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Transfers from Held-to-maturity to Available-for-Sale Securities, before Tax			$ 702,000
Available for Sale Securities, Realized Gain (Loss), Income Tax Expense (Benefit)		(1,000)	101,000	$ 76,000
Security Owned and Pledged as Collateral, Fair Value, Total		64,400,000	76,800,000
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Total		$ 201,192,000	152,720,000
Concentration Risk Number		0
Risk Level, AA Rated [Member]
Collateralized Agreements, Total		$ 33,100,000
Risk Level, A Rated [Member]
Collateralized Agreements, Total		16,700,000
Risk Level, Below A Rated [Member]
Collateralized Agreements, Total		0
Risk Level, Subject to Downgrade [Member]
Collateralized Agreements, Total		0
Kentucky Municipalities [Member]
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Total		$ 15,300,000	$ 15,400,000
Municipal Bonds [Member]
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Transfers from Available-for-Sale to Held-to-maturity Securities, Unrealized Gain (Loss), before Tax					$ 1,300,000
Debt Securities, Gain (Loss), Total					$ 0
Debt Securities, Held-to-maturity, Transfer, Amount	$ 41,400,000
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Transfers from Held-to-maturity to Available-for-Sale Securities, before Tax	$ 702,000

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Note 2 - Securities - Amortized Cost, Gross Unrealized Gains or Losses, and Fair Value of Investment Securities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Available for sale securities, amortized cost	$ 203,642	$ 153,524
Available for sale securities, gross unrealized gains	551	887
Available for sale securities, gross unrealized losses	(3,001)	(1,691)
Securities available for sale	201,192	152,720
US Treasury and Government [Member]
Available for sale securities, amortized cost	23,280	22,105
Available for sale securities, gross unrealized gains	2	2
Available for sale securities, gross unrealized losses	(722)	(483)
Securities available for sale	22,560	21,624
Residential Mortgage Backed Securities [Member]
Available for sale securities, amortized cost	87,689	65,935
Available for sale securities, gross unrealized gains	192	117
Available for sale securities, gross unrealized losses	(1,891)	(1,087)
Securities available for sale	85,990	64,965
Collateralized Debt Obligations [Member]
Available for sale securities, amortized cost	49,942	25,343
Available for sale securities, gross unrealized gains		182
Available for sale securities, gross unrealized losses	(103)	(20)
Securities available for sale	49,839	25,505
US States and Political Subdivisions Debt Securities [Member]
Available for sale securities, amortized cost	32,841	33,303
Available for sale securities, gross unrealized gains	230	508
Available for sale securities, gross unrealized losses	(259)	(101)
Securities available for sale	32,812	33,710
Corporate Debt Securities [Member]
Available for sale securities, amortized cost	9,890	6,838
Available for sale securities, gross unrealized gains	127	78
Available for sale securities, gross unrealized losses	(26)
Securities available for sale	$ 9,991	$ 6,916

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Note 2 - Securities - Sales and Calls of Securities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Proceeds	$ 6,054	$ 41,733	$ 8,311
Gross gains		449	245
Gross losses	$ 6	$ 161	$ 29

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Note 2 - Securities - Amortized Cost and Fair Value of Debt Investment Securities Portfolio by Contractual Maturity (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Available for sale
Within one year, amortized cost	$ 27,583
Within one year, fair value	27,662
One to five years, amortized cost	75,548
One to five years, fair value	74,964
Five to ten years, amortized cost	12,822
Five to ten years, fair value	12,576
Agency mortgage-backed: residential, amortized cost	87,689
Agency mortgage-backed: residential, fair value	85,990
Total, amortized cost	203,642	$ 153,524
Total, fair value	$ 201,192	$ 152,720

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Note 2 - Securities - Securities With Unrealized Losses (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Available for sale, fair value, less than 12 months	$ 91,656	$ 40,422
Available for sale, unrealized loss, less than 12 months	(558)	(390)
Available for sale, fair value, 12 months or more	65,396	41,279
Available for sale, unrealized loss, 12 months or more	(2,443)	(1,301)
Available for sale, fair value	157,052	81,701
Available for sale, unrealized loss	(3,001)	(1,691)
US Treasury and Government [Member]
Available for sale, fair value, less than 12 months	3,431	5,788
Available for sale, unrealized loss, less than 12 months	(57)	(97)
Available for sale, fair value, 12 months or more	17,212	14,121
Available for sale, unrealized loss, 12 months or more	(665)	(386)
Available for sale, fair value	20,643	19,909
Available for sale, unrealized loss	(722)	(483)
Residential Mortgage Backed Securities [Member]
Available for sale, fair value, less than 12 months	30,229	21,104
Available for sale, unrealized loss, less than 12 months	(343)	(172)
Available for sale, fair value, 12 months or more	40,932	27,158
Available for sale, unrealized loss, 12 months or more	(1,548)	(915)
Available for sale, fair value	71,161	48,262
Available for sale, unrealized loss	(1,891)	(1,087)
Collateralized Debt Obligations [Member]
Available for sale, fair value, less than 12 months	48,294	6,038
Available for sale, unrealized loss, less than 12 months	(103)	(20)
Available for sale, fair value, 12 months or more
Available for sale, unrealized loss, 12 months or more
Available for sale, fair value	48,294	6,038
Available for sale, unrealized loss	(103)	(20)
US States and Political Subdivisions Debt Securities [Member]
Available for sale, fair value, less than 12 months	6,133	7,492
Available for sale, unrealized loss, less than 12 months	(29)	(101)
Available for sale, fair value, 12 months or more	7,252
Available for sale, unrealized loss, 12 months or more	(230)
Available for sale, fair value	13,385	7,492
Available for sale, unrealized loss	(259)	$ (101)
Corporate Debt Securities [Member]
Available for sale, fair value, less than 12 months	3,569
Available for sale, unrealized loss, less than 12 months	(26)
Available for sale, fair value, 12 months or more
Available for sale, unrealized loss, 12 months or more
Available for sale, fair value	3,569
Available for sale, unrealized loss	$ (26)

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Note 3 - Loans (Details Textual)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2017 USD ($)
Financing Receivable Modifications Percentage of Performing TDRs to Total TDRs	100.00%	40.00%
Troubled Debt Restructuring Reserve	$ 168,000	$ 122,000
Loans and Leases Receivable, Impaired, Commitment to Lend	$ 0	$ 0
Financing Receivable, Modifications, Number of Contracts	0	0
Financing Receivable, Modifications, Subsequent Default, Number of Contracts	0	0
Minimum Outstanding Balance for Loans to be Qualified for Credit Risk Analysis	$ 500,000

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Note 3 - Loans - Loans (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Gross loans	$ 765,244,000	$ 712,115,000
Less: Allowance for loan losses	(8,880,000)	(8,202,000)
Loans, net	756,364,000	703,913,000
Commercial Portfolio Segment [Member]
Gross loans	129,368,000	113,771,000
Less: Allowance for loan losses	(1,299,000)	(892,000)
Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member]
Gross loans	336,981,000	302,386,000
Less: Allowance for loan losses	(4,676,000)	(4,032,000)
Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Construction Loans [Member]
Gross loans	86,867,000	57,342,000
Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Farmland Loans [Member]
Gross loans	77,937,000	88,320,000
Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Nonfarm Nonresidential [Member]
Gross loans	172,177,000	156,724,000
Residential Portfolio Segment [Member]
Gross loans	225,518,000	235,810,000
Less: Allowance for loan losses	(2,452,000)	(2,900,000)
Residential Portfolio Segment [Member] | Multifamily Loans [Member]
Gross loans	49,757,000	56,588,000
Residential Portfolio Segment [Member] | One- to Four-family Residential Properties [Member]
Gross loans	175,761,000	179,222,000
Consumer Portfolio Segment [Member]
Gross loans	39,104,000	18,439,000
Less: Allowance for loan losses	(130,000)	(64,000)
Agriculture Portfolio Segment [Member]
Gross loans	33,737,000	41,154,000
Less: Allowance for loan losses	(321,000)	(313,000)
Other Portfolio Segment [Member]
Gross loans	536,000	555,000
Less: Allowance for loan losses	$ (2,000)	$ (1,000)

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Note 3 - Loans - Activity in Allowance for Loan Losses by Portfolio Segment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Sep. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2017	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Balance				$ 8,202				$ 8,967	$ 8,202	$ 8,967	$ 12,041
Negative provision for loan losses		$ (350)	$ (150)		$ (800)				(500)	(800)	(2,450)
Loans charged off									(616)	(901)	(2,629)
Recoveries									1,794	936	2,005
Balance	8,880				8,202				8,880	8,202	8,967
Commercial Portfolio Segment [Member]
Balance				892				475	892	475	818
Negative provision for loan losses									196	363	(401)
Loans charged off									(50)	(5)	(276)
Recoveries									261	59	334
Balance	1,299				892				1,299	892	475
Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member]
Balance				4,032				4,894	4,032	4,894	6,993
Negative provision for loan losses									(192)	(1,223)	(2,438)
Loans charged off									(198)	(58)	(505)
Recoveries									1,034	419	844
Balance	4,676				4,032				4,676	4,032	4,894
Residential Portfolio Segment [Member]
Balance				2,900				3,426	2,900	3,426	3,984
Negative provision for loan losses									(599)	(129)	749
Loans charged off									(252)	(692)	(1,652)
Recoveries									403	295	345
Balance	2,452				2,900				2,452	2,900	3,426
Consumer Portfolio Segment [Member]
Balance				64				8	64	8	122
Negative provision for loan losses									92	(8)	(314)
Loans charged off									(95)	(51)	(99)
Recoveries									69	115	299
Balance	130				64				130	64	8
Agriculture Portfolio Segment [Member]
Balance				313				162	313	162	122
Negative provision for loan losses									6	213	(56)
Loans charged off									(13)	(95)	(18)
Recoveries									15	33	114
Balance	321				313				321	313	162
Other Portfolio Segment [Member]
Balance				$ 1				$ 2	1	2	2
Negative provision for loan losses									(3)	(16)	10
Loans charged off									(8)		(79)
Recoveries									12	15	69
Balance	$ 2				$ 1				$ 2	$ 1	$ 2

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Note 3 - Loans - Balance in Allowance for Loan Losses and Recorded Investment in Loans by Portfolio Segment and Bases on Impairment Method (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Individually evaluated for impairment	$ 203,000	$ 219,000
Collectively evaluated for impairment	8,677,000	7,983,000
Total ending allowance balance	8,880,000	8,202,000
Loans individually evaluated for impairment	2,911,000	7,173,000
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment	762,333,000	704,942,000
Total ending loans balance	765,244,000	712,115,000
Commercial Portfolio Segment [Member]
Individually evaluated for impairment		13,000
Collectively evaluated for impairment	1,299,000	879,000
Total ending allowance balance	1,299,000	892,000
Loans individually evaluated for impairment	53,000	587,000
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment	129,315,000	113,184,000
Total ending loans balance	129,368,000	113,771,000
Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member]
Individually evaluated for impairment	35,000	0
Collectively evaluated for impairment	4,641,000	4,032,000
Total ending allowance balance	4,676,000	4,032,000
Loans individually evaluated for impairment	510,000	2,635,000
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment	336,471,000	299,751,000
Total ending loans balance	336,981,000	302,386,000
Residential Portfolio Segment [Member]
Individually evaluated for impairment	168,000	206,000
Collectively evaluated for impairment	2,284,000	2,694,000
Total ending allowance balance	2,452,000	2,900,000
Loans individually evaluated for impairment	2,348,000	3,950,000
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment	223,170,000	231,860,000
Total ending loans balance	225,518,000	235,810,000
Consumer Portfolio Segment [Member]
Individually evaluated for impairment	0	0
Collectively evaluated for impairment	130,000	64,000
Total ending allowance balance	130,000	64,000
Loans individually evaluated for impairment		1,000
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment	39,104,000	18,438,000
Total ending loans balance	39,104,000	18,439,000
Agriculture Portfolio Segment [Member]
Individually evaluated for impairment	0	0
Collectively evaluated for impairment	321,000	313,000
Total ending allowance balance	321,000	313,000
Loans individually evaluated for impairment	0	0
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment	33,737,000	41,154,000
Total ending loans balance	33,737,000	41,154,000
Other Portfolio Segment [Member]
Individually evaluated for impairment	0	0
Collectively evaluated for impairment	2,000	1,000
Total ending allowance balance	2,000	1,000
Loans individually evaluated for impairment	0	0
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment	536,000	555,000
Total ending loans balance	$ 536,000	$ 555,000

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Note 3 - Loans - Loans Individually Evaluated for Impairment by Class of Loans (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Unpaid principal balance, with no related allowance recorded	$ 5,072	$ 9,739	$ 19,579
Recorded investment, with no related allowance recorded	2,032	5,910	12,467
Average recorded investment, with no related allowance recorded	3,573	7,592	17,998
Interest income recognized, with no related allowance recorded	716	422	937
Cash basis interest income recognized, with no related allowance recorded	478	410	454
Unpaid principal balance, with an allowance recorded	879	1,263	2,771
Recorded investment, with an allowance recorded	879	1,263	2,664
Allowance for loan losses allocated, with an allowance recorded	203	219	399
Average recorded investment, with an allowance recorded	1,271	2,001	4,980
Interest income recognized, with an allowance recorded	47	89	241
Cash basis interest income recognized, with an allowance recorded
Unpaid principal balance, total	5,951	11,002	22,350
Recorded investment, total	2,911	7,173	15,131
Average recorded investment, total	4,844	9,593	22,978
Interest income recognized, total	763	511	1,178
Cash basis interest income recognized	478	410	454
Commercial Portfolio Segment [Member]
Unpaid principal balance, with no related allowance recorded	120	703	707
Recorded investment, with no related allowance recorded	53	487	495
Average recorded investment, with no related allowance recorded	125	495	758
Interest income recognized, with no related allowance recorded	1	7	39
Cash basis interest income recognized, with no related allowance recorded	1	7	39
Unpaid principal balance, with an allowance recorded		100	100
Recorded investment, with an allowance recorded		100	100
Allowance for loan losses allocated, with an allowance recorded		13	13
Average recorded investment, with an allowance recorded	60	100	20
Interest income recognized, with an allowance recorded	3	7	6
Cash basis interest income recognized, with an allowance recorded
Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Construction Loans [Member]
Unpaid principal balance, with no related allowance recorded
Recorded investment, with no related allowance recorded
Average recorded investment, with no related allowance recorded			156
Interest income recognized, with no related allowance recorded			9
Cash basis interest income recognized, with no related allowance recorded
Unpaid principal balance, with an allowance recorded	0	0	0
Recorded investment, with an allowance recorded	0	0	0
Allowance for loan losses allocated, with an allowance recorded	0	0	0
Average recorded investment, with an allowance recorded	0	0	0
Interest income recognized, with an allowance recorded	0	0	0
Cash basis interest income recognized, with an allowance recorded	0	0	0
Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Farmland Loans [Member]
Unpaid principal balance, with no related allowance recorded	1,860	3,687	5,566
Recorded investment, with no related allowance recorded	89	2,059	3,742
Average recorded investment, with no related allowance recorded	1,156	2,651	4,188
Interest income recognized, with no related allowance recorded	525	210	94
Cash basis interest income recognized, with no related allowance recorded	360	210	95
Unpaid principal balance, with an allowance recorded			614
Recorded investment, with an allowance recorded			590
Allowance for loan losses allocated, with an allowance recorded			5
Average recorded investment, with an allowance recorded		235	358
Interest income recognized, with an allowance recorded	0	0	0
Cash basis interest income recognized, with an allowance recorded
Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Nonfarm Nonresidential [Member]
Unpaid principal balance, with no related allowance recorded	402	1,047	4,502
Recorded investment, with no related allowance recorded	262	576	1,219
Average recorded investment, with no related allowance recorded	327	716	4,699
Interest income recognized, with no related allowance recorded	19	59	310
Cash basis interest income recognized, with no related allowance recorded		47	189
Unpaid principal balance, with an allowance recorded	159		303
Recorded investment, with an allowance recorded	159		303
Allowance for loan losses allocated, with an allowance recorded	35		30
Average recorded investment, with an allowance recorded	100	238	398
Interest income recognized, with an allowance recorded		14	23
Cash basis interest income recognized, with an allowance recorded
Residential Portfolio Segment [Member] | Multifamily Loans [Member]
Unpaid principal balance, with no related allowance recorded			4,100
Recorded investment, with no related allowance recorded			4,100
Average recorded investment, with no related allowance recorded		820	2,608
Interest income recognized, with no related allowance recorded			287
Cash basis interest income recognized, with no related allowance recorded			1
Unpaid principal balance, with an allowance recorded
Recorded investment, with an allowance recorded
Allowance for loan losses allocated, with an allowance recorded
Average recorded investment, with an allowance recorded			2,506
Interest income recognized, with an allowance recorded			101
Cash basis interest income recognized, with an allowance recorded
Residential Portfolio Segment [Member] | One- to Four-family Residential Properties [Member]
Unpaid principal balance, with no related allowance recorded	2,678	4,293	4,663
Recorded investment, with no related allowance recorded	1,628	2,787	2,910
Average recorded investment, with no related allowance recorded	1,964	2,884	5,509
Interest income recognized, with no related allowance recorded	164	143	162
Cash basis interest income recognized, with no related allowance recorded	111	143	94
Unpaid principal balance, with an allowance recorded	720	1,163	1,676
Recorded investment, with an allowance recorded	720	1,163	1,611
Allowance for loan losses allocated, with an allowance recorded	168	206	350
Average recorded investment, with an allowance recorded	1,111	1,404	1,659
Interest income recognized, with an allowance recorded	44	68	111
Cash basis interest income recognized, with an allowance recorded
Consumer Portfolio Segment [Member]
Unpaid principal balance, with no related allowance recorded	12	9	41
Recorded investment, with no related allowance recorded		1	1
Average recorded investment, with no related allowance recorded	1	2	7
Interest income recognized, with no related allowance recorded		2	8
Cash basis interest income recognized, with no related allowance recorded		2	8
Unpaid principal balance, with an allowance recorded	0	0	0
Recorded investment, with an allowance recorded	0	0	0
Allowance for loan losses allocated, with an allowance recorded	0	0	0
Average recorded investment, with an allowance recorded
Interest income recognized, with an allowance recorded	0	0	0
Cash basis interest income recognized, with an allowance recorded	0	0	0
Agriculture Portfolio Segment [Member]
Unpaid principal balance, with no related allowance recorded
Recorded investment, with no related allowance recorded
Average recorded investment, with no related allowance recorded		24	73
Interest income recognized, with no related allowance recorded	7	1	28
Cash basis interest income recognized, with no related allowance recorded	6	1	28
Unpaid principal balance, with an allowance recorded			78
Recorded investment, with an allowance recorded			60
Allowance for loan losses allocated, with an allowance recorded			1
Average recorded investment, with an allowance recorded		24	39
Interest income recognized, with an allowance recorded	0	0	0
Cash basis interest income recognized, with an allowance recorded
Other Portfolio Segment [Member]
Unpaid principal balance, with no related allowance recorded	0	0	0
Recorded investment, with no related allowance recorded	0	0	0
Average recorded investment, with no related allowance recorded
Interest income recognized, with no related allowance recorded
Cash basis interest income recognized, with no related allowance recorded
Unpaid principal balance, with an allowance recorded	0	0	0
Recorded investment, with an allowance recorded	0	0	0
Allowance for loan losses allocated, with an allowance recorded	0	0	0
Average recorded investment, with an allowance recorded	0	0	0
Interest income recognized, with an allowance recorded	0	0	0
Cash basis interest income recognized, with an allowance recorded	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0

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Note 3 - Loans - Types of Troubled Debt Restructuring Loan Modification by Portfolio Segment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Troubled debt restructuring	$ 910	$ 3,046
Performing Financial Instruments [Member]
Troubled debt restructuring	910	1,217
Nonperforming Financial Instruments [Member]
Troubled debt restructuring		1,829
Commercial Portfolio Segment [Member] | Contractual Interest Rate Reduction [Member] | Nonfarm Nonresidential [Member]
Troubled debt restructuring	190
Commercial Portfolio Segment [Member] | Contractual Interest Rate Reduction [Member] | Performing Financial Instruments [Member] | Nonfarm Nonresidential [Member]
Troubled debt restructuring	190
Commercial Portfolio Segment [Member] | Contractual Interest Rate Reduction [Member] | Nonperforming Financial Instruments [Member] | Nonfarm Nonresidential [Member]
Troubled debt restructuring
Commercial Portfolio Segment [Member] | Payment Deferral [Member]
Troubled debt restructuring		434
Commercial Portfolio Segment [Member] | Payment Deferral [Member] | Performing Financial Instruments [Member]
Troubled debt restructuring		0
Commercial Portfolio Segment [Member] | Payment Deferral [Member] | Nonperforming Financial Instruments [Member]
Troubled debt restructuring		434
Residential Portfolio Segment [Member] | Contractual Interest Rate Reduction [Member]
Troubled debt restructuring		33
Residential Portfolio Segment [Member] | Contractual Interest Rate Reduction [Member] | One- to Four-family Residential Properties [Member]
Troubled debt restructuring	720	734
Residential Portfolio Segment [Member] | Contractual Interest Rate Reduction [Member] | Performing Financial Instruments [Member]
Troubled debt restructuring
Residential Portfolio Segment [Member] | Contractual Interest Rate Reduction [Member] | Performing Financial Instruments [Member] | One- to Four-family Residential Properties [Member]
Troubled debt restructuring	720	734
Residential Portfolio Segment [Member] | Contractual Interest Rate Reduction [Member] | Nonperforming Financial Instruments [Member]
Troubled debt restructuring		33
Residential Portfolio Segment [Member] | Contractual Interest Rate Reduction [Member] | Nonperforming Financial Instruments [Member] | One- to Four-family Residential Properties [Member]
Troubled debt restructuring	$ 0
Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Contractual Interest Rate Reduction [Member] | Nonfarm Nonresidential [Member]
Troubled debt restructuring		483
Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Contractual Interest Rate Reduction [Member] | Performing Financial Instruments [Member] | Nonfarm Nonresidential [Member]
Troubled debt restructuring		483
Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Contractual Interest Rate Reduction [Member] | Nonperforming Financial Instruments [Member] | Nonfarm Nonresidential [Member]
Troubled debt restructuring
Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Payment Deferral [Member] | Farmland Loans [Member]
Troubled debt restructuring		1,362
Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Payment Deferral [Member] | Performing Financial Instruments [Member] | Farmland Loans [Member]
Troubled debt restructuring		0
Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Payment Deferral [Member] | Nonperforming Financial Instruments [Member] | Farmland Loans [Member]
Troubled debt restructuring		$ 1,362

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Note 3 - Loans - Recorded Investment in Nonaccrual and Loans Past Due 90 Days and Still on Accrual by Class of Loan (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Nonaccrual	$ 1,991	$ 5,457
Loans Past Due 90 Days and Over Still Accruing	0	1
Commercial Portfolio Segment [Member]
Nonaccrual	53	487
Loans Past Due 90 Days and Over Still Accruing	0	0
Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Construction Loans [Member]
Nonaccrual	0	0
Loans Past Due 90 Days and Over Still Accruing	0	0
Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Farmland Loans [Member]
Nonaccrual	249	2,059
Loans Past Due 90 Days and Over Still Accruing	0	0
Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Nonfarm Nonresidential [Member]
Nonaccrual	61	93
Loans Past Due 90 Days and Over Still Accruing	0	0
Residential Portfolio Segment [Member] | Multifamily Loans [Member]
Nonaccrual	0	0
Loans Past Due 90 Days and Over Still Accruing	0	0
Residential Portfolio Segment [Member] | One- to Four-family Residential Properties [Member]
Nonaccrual	1,628	2,817
Loans Past Due 90 Days and Over Still Accruing	0	0
Consumer Portfolio Segment [Member]
Nonaccrual		1
Loans Past Due 90 Days and Over Still Accruing	0
Agriculture Portfolio Segment [Member]
Nonaccrual	0	0
Loans Past Due 90 Days and Over Still Accruing	0	1
Other Portfolio Segment [Member]
Nonaccrual	0	0
Loans Past Due 90 Days and Over Still Accruing	$ 0	$ 0

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Note 3 - Loans - Aging of Recorded Investment in Past Due Loans (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Nonaccrual	$ 1,991	$ 5,457
Total past due and nonaccrual	3,915	7,107
Financing Receivables, 30 to 59 Days Past Due [Member]
Past due	1,593	1,478
Financing Receivables, 60 to 89 Days Past Due [Member]
Past due	331	171
Financing Receivables, Equal to Greater than 90 Days Past Due [Member]
Past due	0	1
Commercial Portfolio Segment [Member]
Nonaccrual	53	487
Total past due and nonaccrual	92	487
Commercial Portfolio Segment [Member] | Financing Receivables, 30 to 59 Days Past Due [Member]
Past due	39	0
Commercial Portfolio Segment [Member] | Financing Receivables, 60 to 89 Days Past Due [Member]
Past due	0	0
Commercial Portfolio Segment [Member] | Financing Receivables, Equal to Greater than 90 Days Past Due [Member]
Past due	0	0
Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Construction Loans [Member]
Nonaccrual	0	0
Total past due and nonaccrual	0	0
Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Farmland Loans [Member]
Nonaccrual	249	2,059
Total past due and nonaccrual	600	2,652
Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Nonfarm Nonresidential [Member]
Nonaccrual	61	93
Total past due and nonaccrual	113	93
Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Financing Receivables, 30 to 59 Days Past Due [Member] | Construction Loans [Member]
Past due	0	0
Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Financing Receivables, 30 to 59 Days Past Due [Member] | Farmland Loans [Member]
Past due	244	593
Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Financing Receivables, 30 to 59 Days Past Due [Member] | Nonfarm Nonresidential [Member]
Past due		0
Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Financing Receivables, 60 to 89 Days Past Due [Member] | Construction Loans [Member]
Past due	0	0
Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Financing Receivables, 60 to 89 Days Past Due [Member] | Farmland Loans [Member]
Past due	107	0
Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Financing Receivables, 60 to 89 Days Past Due [Member] | Nonfarm Nonresidential [Member]
Past due	52	0
Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Financing Receivables, Equal to Greater than 90 Days Past Due [Member] | Construction Loans [Member]
Past due	0	0
Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Financing Receivables, Equal to Greater than 90 Days Past Due [Member] | Farmland Loans [Member]
Past due	0	0
Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Financing Receivables, Equal to Greater than 90 Days Past Due [Member] | Nonfarm Nonresidential [Member]
Past due	0	0
Residential Portfolio Segment [Member] | Multifamily Loans [Member]
Nonaccrual	0	0
Total past due and nonaccrual	0	0
Residential Portfolio Segment [Member] | One- to Four-family Residential Properties [Member]
Nonaccrual	1,628	2,817
Total past due and nonaccrual	3,064	3,793
Residential Portfolio Segment [Member] | Financing Receivables, 30 to 59 Days Past Due [Member] | Multifamily Loans [Member]
Past due	0	0
Residential Portfolio Segment [Member] | Financing Receivables, 30 to 59 Days Past Due [Member] | One- to Four-family Residential Properties [Member]
Past due	1,299	850
Residential Portfolio Segment [Member] | Financing Receivables, 60 to 89 Days Past Due [Member] | Multifamily Loans [Member]
Past due	0	0
Residential Portfolio Segment [Member] | Financing Receivables, 60 to 89 Days Past Due [Member] | One- to Four-family Residential Properties [Member]
Past due	137	126
Residential Portfolio Segment [Member] | Financing Receivables, Equal to Greater than 90 Days Past Due [Member] | Multifamily Loans [Member]
Past due	0	0
Residential Portfolio Segment [Member] | Financing Receivables, Equal to Greater than 90 Days Past Due [Member] | One- to Four-family Residential Properties [Member]
Past due	0	0
Consumer Portfolio Segment [Member]
Nonaccrual		1
Total past due and nonaccrual	43	76
Consumer Portfolio Segment [Member] | Financing Receivables, 30 to 59 Days Past Due [Member]
Past due	8	30
Consumer Portfolio Segment [Member] | Financing Receivables, 60 to 89 Days Past Due [Member]
Past due	35	45
Consumer Portfolio Segment [Member] | Financing Receivables, Equal to Greater than 90 Days Past Due [Member]
Past due	0
Agriculture Portfolio Segment [Member]
Nonaccrual	0	0
Total past due and nonaccrual	3	6
Agriculture Portfolio Segment [Member] | Financing Receivables, 30 to 59 Days Past Due [Member]
Past due	3	5
Agriculture Portfolio Segment [Member] | Financing Receivables, 60 to 89 Days Past Due [Member]
Past due		0
Agriculture Portfolio Segment [Member] | Financing Receivables, Equal to Greater than 90 Days Past Due [Member]
Past due	0	1
Other Portfolio Segment [Member]
Nonaccrual	0	0
Total past due and nonaccrual	0	0
Other Portfolio Segment [Member] | Financing Receivables, 30 to 59 Days Past Due [Member]
Past due	0	0
Other Portfolio Segment [Member] | Financing Receivables, 60 to 89 Days Past Due [Member]
Past due	0	0
Other Portfolio Segment [Member] | Financing Receivables, Equal to Greater than 90 Days Past Due [Member]
Past due	$ 0	$ 0

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Note 3 - Loans - Risk Category of Loans by Class of Loans (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Gross loans	$ 765,244	$ 712,115
Pass [Member]
Gross loans	745,604	673,033
Watch [Member]
Gross loans	13,164	25,715
Special Mention [Member]
Gross loans	113	164
Substandard [Member]
Gross loans	6,363	13,203
Doubtful [Member]
Gross loans	0	0
Commercial Portfolio Segment [Member]
Gross loans	129,368	113,771
Commercial Portfolio Segment [Member] | Pass [Member]
Gross loans	129,106	112,978
Commercial Portfolio Segment [Member] | Watch [Member]
Gross loans	141	84
Commercial Portfolio Segment [Member] | Special Mention [Member]
Gross loans	0	0
Commercial Portfolio Segment [Member] | Substandard [Member]
Gross loans	121	709
Commercial Portfolio Segment [Member] | Doubtful [Member]
Gross loans	0	0
Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member]
Gross loans	336,981	302,386
Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Construction Loans [Member]
Gross loans	86,867	57,342
Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Farmland Loans [Member]
Gross loans	77,937	88,320
Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Nonfarm Nonresidential [Member]
Gross loans	172,177	156,724
Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Pass [Member] | Construction Loans [Member]
Gross loans	86,867	57,342
Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Pass [Member] | Farmland Loans [Member]
Gross loans	74,054	76,563
Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Pass [Member] | Nonfarm Nonresidential [Member]
Gross loans	169,551	152,004
Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Watch [Member] | Construction Loans [Member]
Gross loans	0	0
Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Watch [Member] | Farmland Loans [Member]
Gross loans	2,741	7,607
Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Watch [Member] | Nonfarm Nonresidential [Member]
Gross loans	1,983	2,906
Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Special Mention [Member] | Construction Loans [Member]
Gross loans	0	0
Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Special Mention [Member] | Farmland Loans [Member]
Gross loans	0	0
Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Special Mention [Member] | Nonfarm Nonresidential [Member]
Gross loans	0	0
Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Substandard [Member] | Construction Loans [Member]
Gross loans	0	0
Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Substandard [Member] | Farmland Loans [Member]
Gross loans	1,142	4,150
Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Substandard [Member] | Nonfarm Nonresidential [Member]
Gross loans	643	1,814
Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Doubtful [Member] | Construction Loans [Member]
Gross loans	0	0
Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Doubtful [Member] | Farmland Loans [Member]
Gross loans	0	0
Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Doubtful [Member] | Nonfarm Nonresidential [Member]
Gross loans	0	0
Residential Portfolio Segment [Member]
Gross loans	225,518	235,810
Residential Portfolio Segment [Member] | Multifamily Loans [Member]
Gross loans	49,757	56,588
Residential Portfolio Segment [Member] | One- to Four-family Residential Properties [Member]
Gross loans	175,761	179,222
Residential Portfolio Segment [Member] | Pass [Member] | Multifamily Loans [Member]
Gross loans	44,697	47,121
Residential Portfolio Segment [Member] | Pass [Member] | One- to Four-family Residential Properties [Member]
Gross loans	169,342	169,774
Residential Portfolio Segment [Member] | Watch [Member] | Multifamily Loans [Member]
Gross loans	5,060	9,467
Residential Portfolio Segment [Member] | Watch [Member] | One- to Four-family Residential Properties [Member]
Gross loans	2,209	3,535
Residential Portfolio Segment [Member] | Special Mention [Member] | Multifamily Loans [Member]
Gross loans	0	0
Residential Portfolio Segment [Member] | Special Mention [Member] | One- to Four-family Residential Properties [Member]
Gross loans	113	164
Residential Portfolio Segment [Member] | Substandard [Member] | Multifamily Loans [Member]
Gross loans	0	0
Residential Portfolio Segment [Member] | Substandard [Member] | One- to Four-family Residential Properties [Member]
Gross loans	4,097	5,749
Residential Portfolio Segment [Member] | Doubtful [Member] | Multifamily Loans [Member]
Gross loans	0	0
Residential Portfolio Segment [Member] | Doubtful [Member] | One- to Four-family Residential Properties [Member]
Gross loans	0	0
Consumer Portfolio Segment [Member]
Gross loans	39,104	18,439
Consumer Portfolio Segment [Member] | Pass [Member]
Gross loans	38,768	18,042
Consumer Portfolio Segment [Member] | Watch [Member]
Gross loans	11	306
Consumer Portfolio Segment [Member] | Special Mention [Member]
Gross loans	0	0
Consumer Portfolio Segment [Member] | Substandard [Member]
Gross loans	325	91
Consumer Portfolio Segment [Member] | Doubtful [Member]
Gross loans	0	0
Agriculture Portfolio Segment [Member]
Gross loans	33,737	41,154
Agriculture Portfolio Segment [Member] | Pass [Member]
Gross loans	32,683	38,654
Agriculture Portfolio Segment [Member] | Watch [Member]
Gross loans	1,019	1,810
Agriculture Portfolio Segment [Member] | Special Mention [Member]
Gross loans	0	0
Agriculture Portfolio Segment [Member] | Substandard [Member]
Gross loans	35	690
Agriculture Portfolio Segment [Member] | Doubtful [Member]
Gross loans	0	0
Other Portfolio Segment [Member]
Gross loans	536	555
Other Portfolio Segment [Member] | Pass [Member]
Gross loans	536	555
Other Portfolio Segment [Member] | Watch [Member]
Gross loans	0	0
Other Portfolio Segment [Member] | Special Mention [Member]
Gross loans	0	0
Other Portfolio Segment [Member] | Substandard [Member]
Gross loans	0	0
Other Portfolio Segment [Member] | Doubtful [Member]
Gross loans	$ 0	$ 0

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Note 4 - Premises and Equipment (Details Textual) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Gain (Loss) on Disposition of Property Plant Equipment, Total	$ 692,000	$ (3,000)	$ 1,000
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets to be Disposed of	392,000
Property Plant and Equipment, Carrying Value	1,100,000
Depreciation, Total	$ 833,000	$ 955,000	$ 1,100,000

XML

Note 4 - Premises and Equipment - Premises and Equipment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Property, plant and equipment, gross	$ 31,282	$ 33,275
Accumulated depreciation	(16,627)	(16,486)
	14,655	16,789
Land and Building [Member]
Property, plant and equipment, gross	19,999	23,124
Furniture and Fixtures [Member]
Property, plant and equipment, gross	$ 11,283	$ 10,151

XML

Note 5 - Other Real Estate Owned (Details Textual) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
One- to Four-family Residential Properties [Member]
Mortgage Loans in Process of Foreclosure, Amount	$ 771,000	$ 616,000

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Note 5 - Other Real Estate Owned - Major Categories of OREO (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Other real estate owned, gross	$ 3,485	$ 4,409
Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Construction, Land Development, and Other Land Loans [Member]
Other real estate owned, gross	3,485	4,335
Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Farmland Loans [Member]
Other real estate owned, gross		$ 74

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Note 5 - Other Real Estate Owned - Activity Relating to Other Real Estate Owned (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
OREO	$ 4,409	$ 6,821	$ 19,214
Real estate acquired	730	270	1,273
Valuation adjustment write-downs	(850)	(1,963)	(1,180)
Net gain on sale	72	74	222
Proceeds from sale of properties	(876)	(793)	(12,708)
OREO	$ 3,485	$ 4,409	$ 6,821

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Note 5 - Other Real Estate Owned - Expenses Related to Other Real Estate Owned (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Net gain on sales of other real estate owned	$ (72)	$ (74)	$ (222)
Valuation adjustment write-downs	850	1,963	1,180
Operating expense	90	84	583
Total	$ 868	$ 1,973	$ 1,541

XML

Note 6 - Deposits (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Time Deposits, at or Above FDIC Insurance Limit	$ 28.1	$ 31.7

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Note 6 - Deposits - Deposit Balances by Category (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Non-interest bearing	$ 142,618	$ 137,386
Interest checking	94,269	99,383
Money market	171,924	151,388
Savings	34,534	34,632
Certificates of deposit	450,886	424,235
Total	$ 894,231	$ 847,024

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Note 6 - Deposits - Maturities of Time Deposits (Details) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018 USD ($)
2019	$ 256,745
2020	171,043
2021	5,639
2022	6,523
2023	10,936
	$ 450,886

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Note 7 - Advances From Federal Home Loan Bank (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Federal Home Loan Bank, Advances, Weighted Average Interest Rate	2.45%	1.48%
Federal Home Loan Bank, Advances, General Debt Obligations, Disclosures, Repayment and Penalties	$ 0	$ 0
Federal Home Loan Bank, Advances, General Debt Obligations, Disclosures, Collateral Pledged	130,400	$ 130,900
Federal Home Loan Bank, Advances, General Debt Obligations, Amount of Available, Unused Funds	42,700
Correspondent Financial Institutions Advances General Debt Obligations Disclosures Amount Of Available Unused Funds	$ 5,000

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Note 7 - Advances From Federal Home Loan Bank - Advances From the Federal Home Loan Bank (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Short term advances (fixed rates 2.47% to 2.52%) maturing January 2019	$ 45,000	$ 10,000
Long term advances (fixed rates 0.00% to 5.24%) maturing April 2020 to August 2033	1,549	1,797
	$ 46,549	$ 11,797

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Note 7 - Advances From Federal Home Loan Bank - Advances From the Federal Home Loan Bank (Details) (Parentheticals)	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Minimum [Member]
Short-term advances from the FHLB, fixed rate	2.47%	2.47%
Long term advances from the FHLB, fixed rate	0.00%	0.00%
Maximum [Member]
Short-term advances from the FHLB, fixed rate	2.52%	2.52%
Long term advances from the FHLB, fixed rate	5.24%	5.24%

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Note 7 - Advances From Federal Home Loan Bank - Principal Payments on Advances From Federal Home Loan Bank (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
2019	$ 45,172
2020	471
2021	719
2022	100
2023	59
Thereafter	28
	$ 46,549	$ 11,797

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Note 8 - Junior Subordinated Debentures (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Number of Consecutive Quarterly Periods to Defer Interest Payments Without Default or Penalty	20
Dividends Payable		$ 1.2
London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) [Member]
Effective Interest Rate of Index Subordinated Borrowing Is Tied To	2.80%

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Note 8 - Junior Subordinated Debentures - Junior Subordinated Debentures (Details) - USD ($)		12 Months Ended
		Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Junior subordinated debentures		$ 21,000,000	$ 21,000,000
Payable to Ascencia Statutory Trust I [Member]
Issuance Date		Feb. 13, 2004
Junior subordinated debentures		$ 3,000,000
Maturity Date	[1]	Feb. 13, 2034
Payable to Ascencia Statutory Trust I [Member] | London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) [Member]
Interest Rate	[2]	2.85%
Payable to Porter Statutory Trust II [Member]
Issuance Date		Feb. 13, 2004
Junior subordinated debentures		$ 5,000,000
Maturity Date	[1]	Feb. 13, 2034
Payable to Porter Statutory Trust II [Member] | London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) [Member]
Interest Rate	[2]	2.85%
Payable to Porter Statutory Trust III [Member]
Issuance Date		Apr. 15, 2004
Junior subordinated debentures		$ 3,000,000
Maturity Date	[1]	Apr. 15, 2034
Payable to Porter Statutory Trust III [Member] | London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) [Member]
Interest Rate	[2]	2.79%
Payable to Porter Statutory Trust IV [Member]
Issuance Date		Dec. 14, 2006
Junior subordinated debentures		$ 10,000,000
Maturity Date	[1]	Mar. 01, 2037
Payable to Porter Statutory Trust IV [Member] | London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) [Member]
Interest Rate	[2]	1.67%

[1] The debentures are callable at the Company's option at their principal amount plus accrued interest.

[2] As of December 31, 2018, the 3-month LIBOR was 2.80%

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Note 9 - Senior Debt (Details Textual) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended	48 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2017
Escrow Deposit	$ 417,000
Senior Notes [Member]
Debt Instrument, Face Amount			$ 10,000,000
Debt Instrument, Periodic Payment, Principal	250,000
Borrowing Proceeds Contributed to Bank as Common Equity Tier 1 Capital	9,000,000
Borrowing Proceeds Retained by Lender in Escrow	$ 1,000,000
Senior Notes [Member] | Subsidiaries [Member]
Debt Instrument, Financial Covenants, Non-performing Assets to Total Assets, Percentage, Minimum	2.50%
Senior Notes [Member] | Scenario, Forecast [Member]
Debt Instrument, Financial Convenants, Minimum Cash on Hand		$ 2,500,000
Debt Instrument, Financial Convenants, Minimum Risk Based Capital to Risk Weighted Assets		10.00%
Senior Notes [Member] | Scenario, Forecast [Member] | Subsidiaries [Member]
Debt Instrument, Financial Convenants, Minimum Risk Based Capital to Risk Weighted Assets		11.00%
Senior Notes [Member] | London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) [Member]
Debt Instrument, Basis Spread on Variable Rate	2.50%

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Note 10 - Other Benefit Plans (Details Textual) - USD ($)		12 Months Ended
	Feb. 01, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Defined Contribution Plan, Cost		$ 347,000	$ 200,000	$ 189,000
Defined Benefit Plan Vesting Period			10 years
Defined Benefit Plan, Net Periodic Benefit Cost (Credit), Total		77,000	$ 121,000	121,000
Liability, Other Postretirement Defined Benefit Plan		1,300,000	1,300,000
Bank Owned Life Insurance		15,646,000	15,229,000
Earning on Bank Owned Life Insurance		$ 437,000	$ 412,000	$ 417,000
Subsequent Event [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan, Termination Expense	$ 0
Matched Contribution Equal to 100 of First 1% [Member]
Defined Contribution Plan, Maximum Annual Contributions Per Employee, Percent		100.00%
Matched Contribution Equal to 50 of Next 5% [Member]
Defined Contribution Plan, Maximum Annual Contributions Per Employee, Percent		50.00%
Matched Contribution Equal to 50% of First 4% [Member]
Defined Contribution Plan, Maximum Annual Contributions Per Employee, Percent			50.00%	50.00%

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Note 11 - Income Taxes (Details Textual) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016	Jul. 10, 2015
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Change in Deferred Tax Assets Valuation Allowance, Amount		$ (54,049,000)	$ 1,238,000
Income Tax Expense (Benefit), Continuing Operations, Adjustment of Deferred Tax (Asset) Liability		20,300,000
Income Tax Expense (Benefit), Total	2,030,000	(31,899,000)	$ 21,000
Operating Loss Carryforwards, Total	111,400,000
Tax Credit Carryforward, Amount	346,000
Unrecognized Tax Benefits, Ending Balance	0	0
Unrecognized Tax Benefits, Income Tax Penalties and Interest Expense, Total	$ 0	$ 0
Common Stock Ownership Percentage by Individual	5.00%
Common Stock Ownership Percentage	50.00%
Dividend Declared Preferred Stock Purchase Right Per Each Share of Common Stock				1

XML

Note 11 - Income Taxes - Income Tax Expense Benefit (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Current	$ (346)		$ 21
Deferred	121	2,523	2,771
Net operating loss	2,255	(647)	(4,009)
Change in federal statutory rate		20,274
Change in valuation allowance		(54,049)	1,238
	$ 2,030	$ (31,899)	$ 21

XML

Note 11 - Income Taxes - Schedule of Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Federal statutory rate	21.00%	35.00%	35.00%
Federal statutory rate times financial statement income (loss)	$ 2,273	$ 2,294	$ (956)
Change in valuation allowance		(54,049)	1,238
Tax-exempt income	(80)	(196)	(211)
Non-taxable life insurance income	(92)	(144)	(146)
Restricted stock vesting	(115)	(121)
Change in federal statutory rate		20,274
Other, net	44	43	96
	$ 2,030	$ (31,899)	$ 21

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Note 11 - Income Taxes - Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Deferred tax assets:
Net operating loss carry-forward	$ 23,390	$ 25,645
Allowance for loan losses	1,865	1,723
OREO write-down	2,611	2,432
Alternative minimum tax credit carry-forward	346	692
Net assets from acquisitions	290	358
Net unrealized loss on securities	515	169
New market tax credit carry-forward	208	208
Nonaccrual loan interest	235	271
Accrued expenses	239	172
Deferred compensation	267	277
Other	241	241
	30,207	32,188
Deferred tax liabilities:
FHLB stock dividends	557	557
Fixed assets	94	68
Deferred loan costs	136	152
Other	138	98
	925	875
Net deferred tax assets	$ 29,282	$ 31,313

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Note 12 - Related Party Transactions (Details Textual) - USD ($)			12 Months Ended
	Jun. 26, 2018	Mar. 30, 2018	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Related Party Deposit Liabilities			$ 178,000	$ 401,000
Series E and Series F Preferred Stock [Member]
Payments for Repurchase of Preferred Stock and Preference Stock	$ 3,500,000
Preferred Stock, Liquidation Preference, Value	$ 10,500,000
Private Placement [Member]
Shares Issued, Price Per Share		$ 13
Sale of Stock, Consideration Received on Transaction		$ 14,900,000
Sale of Stock, Consideration Received on Transaction, Portion Contributed as Capital		$ 5,000,000
Private Placement [Member] | Voting Common Stock [Member]
Stock Issued During Period, Shares, New Issues		150,000
Private Placement [Member] | Nonvoting Common Stock [Member]
Stock Issued During Period, Shares, New Issues		1,000,000
Real Estate Management Fees [Member] | Hogan Development [Member]
Related Party Transaction, Amounts of Transaction			20,000	20,000
Real Estate Sales Commissions [Member] | Hogan Development [Member]
Related Party Transaction, Amounts of Transaction			$ 0	$ 6,000

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Note 12 - Related Party Transactions - Loans to Related Parties (Details) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018 USD ($)
Beginning balance	$ 9,400
New loans	7,104
Repayments	(2,313)
Ending balance	$ 14,191

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Note 13 - Preferred Stock (Details Textual) - USD ($)		11 Months Ended
	Jun. 26, 2018	Dec. 13, 2017
Non-voting Noncumulative Non-convertible Series E Perpetual Preferred stock [Member]
Stock Issued During Period, Shares, Conversion of Convertible Securities		6,198
Non-voting Noncumulative Non-convertible Series F Perpetual Preferred Stock [Member]
Stock Issued During Period, Shares, Conversion of Convertible Securities		4,304
Preferred Stock, Redemption Price Per Share		$ 1,000
Preferred Stock, Dividend Rate, Percentage		2.00%
Series E and Series F Preferred Stock [Member]
Payments for Repurchase of Preferred Stock and Preference Stock	$ 3,500,000
Preferred Stock, Liquidation Preference, Value	$ 10,500,000

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Note 14 - Regulatory Capital Matters (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ in Billions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Jan. 01, 2019
Maximum Asset for Opt Out Requirement in Capital Calculation	$ 250
Tier One Risk Based Capital Required for Capital Adequacy to Risk Weighted Assets	6.00%	6.00%
Capital Required for Capital Adequacy to Risk Weighted Assets	8.00%	8.00%
Capital Conservation Buffer, Annual Phase-In	1.875%	1.25%
Subsequent Event [Member]
Capital Conservation Buffer			2.50%
Common Equity Tier One Risk Based Capital Required for Capital Adequacy to Risk Weighted Assets			7.00%
Tier One Risk Based Capital Required for Capital Adequacy to Risk Weighted Assets			8.50%
Capital Required for Capital Adequacy to Risk Weighted Assets			10.50%

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Note 14 - Regulatory Capital Matters - Ratios and Amounts of Common Equity, Capital, and Total Capital to Risk-adjusted Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Total risk-based capital to risk-weighted assets, actual amount	$ 109,309	$ 91,305
Total risk-based capital to risk-weighted assets, actual ratio	12.88%	11.61%
Total risk-based capital to risk-weighted assets, for capital adequacy purposes, amount	$ 67,920	$ 62,938
Total risk-based capital to risk-weighted assets, for capital adequacy purposes, ratio	8.00%	8.00%
Total risk-based capital to risk-weighted assets, for minimum requirements to be well capitalized, amount	$ 84,900	$ 78,672
Total risk-based capital to risk-weighted assets, for minimum requirements to be well capitalized, ratio	10.00%	10.00%
Tier I capital to risk-weighted assets, actual amount	$ 100,429	$ 81,393
Tier I capital to risk-weighted assets, actual ratio	11.83%	10.35%
Tier I capital to risk-weighted assets, for capital adequacy purposes, amount	$ 50,940	$ 47,203
Tier I capital to risk-weighted assets, for capital adequacy purposes, ratio	6.00%	6.00%
Tier I capital to risk-weighted assets, for minimum requirements to be well capitalized, amount	$ 67,920	$ 62,938
Tier I capital to risk-weighted assets, for minimum requirements to be well capitalized, ratio	8.00%	8.00%
Tier 1 capital (to average assets), actual amount	$ 100,429	$ 81,393
Tier 1 capital (to average assets), actual ratio	9.60%	8.70%
Tier 1 capital (to average assets), for capital adequacy purposes, amount	$ 41,837	$ 37,421
Tier 1 capital (to average assets), for capital adequacy purposes, ratio	4.00%	4.00%
Tier 1 capital (to average assets), for minimum requirements to be well capitalized, amount	$ 52,297	$ 46,777
Tier 1 capital (to average assets), for minimum requirements to be well capitalized, ratio	5.00%	5.00%
PBI Bank [Member]
Total risk-based capital to risk-weighted assets, actual amount	$ 100,429	$ 81,393
Total risk-based capital to risk-weighted assets, actual ratio	11.83%	10.35%
Total risk-based capital to risk-weighted assets, for capital adequacy purposes, amount	$ 38,205	$ 35,403
Total risk-based capital to risk-weighted assets, for capital adequacy purposes, ratio	4.50%	4.50%
Total risk-based capital to risk-weighted assets, for minimum requirements to be well capitalized, amount	$ 55,185	$ 51,137
Total risk-based capital to risk-weighted assets, for minimum requirements to be well capitalized, ratio	6.50%	6.50%

XML

Note 15 - Off Balance Sheet Risks, Commitments, and Contingent Liabilities (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Commitments Period	1 year
Risk Participation Agreement [Member]
Derivative, Notional Amount	$ 26,600	$ 19,800
Standby Letters of Credit [Member]
Long-term Line of Credit, Total	$ 0

XML

Note 15 - Off Balance Sheet Risks, Commitments, and Contingent Liabilities - Contractual Amounts of Financial Instruments With Off Balance Sheet Risk (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Fixed Rate [Member] | Commitments to Make Loans [Member]
Financial Instrument off Balance Sheet Risk, Amount	$ 5,317	$ 27,349
Fixed Rate [Member] | Unused lines of Credit [Member]
Financial Instrument off Balance Sheet Risk, Amount	7,410	11,034
Fixed Rate [Member] | Standby Letters of Credit [Member]
Financial Instrument off Balance Sheet Risk, Amount	541	2,216
Variable Rate [Member] | Commitments to Make Loans [Member]
Financial Instrument off Balance Sheet Risk, Amount	11,236	31,412
Variable Rate [Member] | Unused lines of Credit [Member]
Financial Instrument off Balance Sheet Risk, Amount	73,024	57,727
Variable Rate [Member] | Standby Letters of Credit [Member]
Financial Instrument off Balance Sheet Risk, Amount	$ 1,752	$ 373

XML

Note 16 - Fair Values (Details Textual)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2017 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2016 USD ($)
Impaired Financing Receivable, with Related Allowance, Recorded Investment	$ 879,000	$ 1,263,000	$ 2,664,000
Impaired Financing Receivable, Related Allowance	203,000	219,000	$ 399,000
Other Repossessed Assets	3,500,000	4,400,000
Real Estate Owned, Valuation Allowance, Amounts Applied	850,000	2,000,000
Impaired Loans [Member]
Impaired Financing Receivable, Related Allowance	203,000	219,000
Impaired Financing Receivable Provision for Loan Losses	0	0
Measured for Impairment Using Fair Value of Collateral [Member]
Impaired Financing Receivable, with Related Allowance, Recorded Investment	$ 879,000	$ 1,300,000
Measurement Input, Discount Rate [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Impaired Loans, Measurement Input	0.1
Measurement Input, Discount Rate [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Impaired Loans, Measurement Input	0.33
Measurement Input, Estimated Discount for Cost to Sell [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Impaired Loans, Measurement Input	0.06
Measurement Input, Estimated Discount for Cost to Sell [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Impaired Loans, Measurement Input	0.1
Routine Real Estate Collateral [Member] | Measurement Input, Discount Rate [Member]
Impaired Loans, Measurement Input	0.1
Thin Trading Market or Specialized Collateral [Member] | Measurement Input, Discount Rate [Member]
Impaired Loans, Measurement Input	0.25

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Note 16 - Fair Values - Financial Assets Measured at the Fair Value on Recurring and Non-recurring Basis (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Securities available for sale	$ 201,192	$ 152,720
Recorded investment, total	2,911	7,173	$ 15,131
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member]
Securities available for sale	201,192	152,720
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Securities available for sale
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Securities available for sale	201,192	152,720
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
Securities available for sale
US Treasury and Government [Member]
Securities available for sale	22,560	21,624
US Treasury and Government [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member]
Securities available for sale	22,560	21,624
US Treasury and Government [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Securities available for sale
US Treasury and Government [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Securities available for sale	22,560	21,624
US Treasury and Government [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
Securities available for sale
Impaired Loans [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] | Commercial Portfolio Segment [Member]
Recorded investment, total		87
Impaired Loans [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] | Commercial Portfolio Segment [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Recorded investment, total
Impaired Loans [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] | Commercial Portfolio Segment [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Recorded investment, total
Impaired Loans [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] | Commercial Portfolio Segment [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
Recorded investment, total		87
Impaired Loans [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] | Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Construction Loans [Member]
Recorded investment, total
Impaired Loans [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] | Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Farmland Loans [Member]
Recorded investment, total
Impaired Loans [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] | Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Nonfarm Nonresidential [Member]
Recorded investment, total	124
Impaired Loans [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] | Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member] | Construction Loans [Member]
Recorded investment, total
Impaired Loans [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] | Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member] | Farmland Loans [Member]
Recorded investment, total
Impaired Loans [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] | Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member] | Nonfarm Nonresidential [Member]
Recorded investment, total
Impaired Loans [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] | Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member] | Construction Loans [Member]
Recorded investment, total
Impaired Loans [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] | Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member] | Farmland Loans [Member]
Recorded investment, total
Impaired Loans [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] | Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member] | Nonfarm Nonresidential [Member]
Recorded investment, total
Impaired Loans [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] | Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member] | Construction Loans [Member]
Recorded investment, total
Impaired Loans [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] | Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member] | Farmland Loans [Member]
Recorded investment, total
Impaired Loans [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] | Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member] | Nonfarm Nonresidential [Member]
Recorded investment, total	124
Impaired Loans [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] | Residential Portfolio Segment [Member] | Multifamily Loans [Member]
Recorded investment, total
Impaired Loans [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] | Residential Portfolio Segment [Member] | One- to Four-family Residential Properties [Member]
Recorded investment, total	552	957
Impaired Loans [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] | Residential Portfolio Segment [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member] | Multifamily Loans [Member]
Recorded investment, total
Impaired Loans [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] | Residential Portfolio Segment [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member] | One- to Four-family Residential Properties [Member]
Recorded investment, total
Impaired Loans [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] | Residential Portfolio Segment [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member] | Multifamily Loans [Member]
Recorded investment, total
Impaired Loans [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] | Residential Portfolio Segment [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member] | One- to Four-family Residential Properties [Member]
Recorded investment, total
Impaired Loans [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] | Residential Portfolio Segment [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member] | Multifamily Loans [Member]
Recorded investment, total
Impaired Loans [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] | Residential Portfolio Segment [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member] | One- to Four-family Residential Properties [Member]
Recorded investment, total	552	957
Impaired Loans [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] | Consumer Portfolio Segment [Member]
Recorded investment, total
Impaired Loans [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] | Consumer Portfolio Segment [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Recorded investment, total
Impaired Loans [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] | Consumer Portfolio Segment [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Recorded investment, total
Impaired Loans [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] | Consumer Portfolio Segment [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
Recorded investment, total
Impaired Loans [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] | Agriculture Portfolio Segment [Member]
Recorded investment, total
Impaired Loans [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] | Agriculture Portfolio Segment [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Recorded investment, total
Impaired Loans [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] | Agriculture Portfolio Segment [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Recorded investment, total
Impaired Loans [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] | Agriculture Portfolio Segment [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
Recorded investment, total
Impaired Loans [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] | Other Portfolio Segment [Member]
Recorded investment, total
Impaired Loans [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] | Other Portfolio Segment [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Recorded investment, total
Impaired Loans [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] | Other Portfolio Segment [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Recorded investment, total
Impaired Loans [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] | Other Portfolio Segment [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
Recorded investment, total
Residential Mortgage Backed Securities [Member]
Securities available for sale	85,990	64,965
Residential Mortgage Backed Securities [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member]
Securities available for sale	85,990	64,965
Residential Mortgage Backed Securities [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Securities available for sale
Residential Mortgage Backed Securities [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Securities available for sale	85,990	64,965
Residential Mortgage Backed Securities [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
Securities available for sale
Collateralized Debt Obligations [Member]
Securities available for sale	49,839	25,505
Collateralized Debt Obligations [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member]
Securities available for sale	49,839	25,505
Collateralized Debt Obligations [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Securities available for sale
Collateralized Debt Obligations [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Securities available for sale	49,839	25,505
Collateralized Debt Obligations [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
Securities available for sale
US States and Political Subdivisions Debt Securities [Member]
Securities available for sale	32,812	33,710
US States and Political Subdivisions Debt Securities [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member]
Securities available for sale	32,812	33,710
US States and Political Subdivisions Debt Securities [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Securities available for sale
US States and Political Subdivisions Debt Securities [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Securities available for sale	32,812	33,710
US States and Political Subdivisions Debt Securities [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
Securities available for sale
Corporate Debt Securities [Member]
Securities available for sale	9,991	6,916
Corporate Debt Securities [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member]
Securities available for sale	9,991	6,916
Corporate Debt Securities [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Securities available for sale
Corporate Debt Securities [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Securities available for sale	9,991	6,916
Corporate Debt Securities [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
Securities available for sale
Other Real Estate Owned [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] | Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Construction Loans [Member]
Other real-estate	3,485	4,335
Other Real Estate Owned [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] | Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Farmland Loans [Member]
Other real-estate		74
Other Real Estate Owned [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] | Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Nonfarm Nonresidential [Member]
Other real-estate
Other Real Estate Owned [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] | Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member] | Construction Loans [Member]
Other real-estate
Other Real Estate Owned [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] | Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member] | Farmland Loans [Member]
Other real-estate
Other Real Estate Owned [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] | Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member] | Nonfarm Nonresidential [Member]
Other real-estate
Other Real Estate Owned [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] | Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member] | Construction Loans [Member]
Other real-estate
Other Real Estate Owned [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] | Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member] | Farmland Loans [Member]
Other real-estate
Other Real Estate Owned [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] | Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member] | Nonfarm Nonresidential [Member]
Other real-estate
Other Real Estate Owned [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] | Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member] | Construction Loans [Member]
Other real-estate	3,485	4,335
Other Real Estate Owned [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] | Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member] | Farmland Loans [Member]
Other real-estate		74
Other Real Estate Owned [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] | Commercial Real Estate Portfolio Segment [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member] | Nonfarm Nonresidential [Member]
Other real-estate
Other Real Estate Owned [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] | Residential Portfolio Segment [Member] | Multifamily Loans [Member]
Other real-estate
Other Real Estate Owned [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] | Residential Portfolio Segment [Member] | One- to Four-family Residential Properties [Member]
Other real-estate
Other Real Estate Owned [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] | Residential Portfolio Segment [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member] | Multifamily Loans [Member]
Other real-estate
Other Real Estate Owned [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] | Residential Portfolio Segment [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member] | One- to Four-family Residential Properties [Member]
Other real-estate
Other Real Estate Owned [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] | Residential Portfolio Segment [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member] | Multifamily Loans [Member]
Other real-estate
Other Real Estate Owned [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] | Residential Portfolio Segment [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member] | One- to Four-family Residential Properties [Member]
Other real-estate
Other Real Estate Owned [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] | Residential Portfolio Segment [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member] | Multifamily Loans [Member]
Other real-estate
Other Real Estate Owned [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] | Residential Portfolio Segment [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member] | One- to Four-family Residential Properties [Member]
Other real-estate

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Note 16 - Fair Values - Qualitative Information About Level Three Fair Value Measurements for Financial Instruments Measured at Fair Value on Non-recurring Basis (Details) - Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2017 USD ($)
Valuation, Cost Approach [Member] | Commercial Real Estate Property [Member
Other real estate owned, fair value	$ 3,485	$ 4,409
Valuation, Cost Approach [Member] | Minimum [Member] | Measurement Input, Comparability Adjustment [Member] | Commercial Real Estate Property [Member
Other real estate owned, measurement input	0	0
Valuation, Cost Approach [Member] | Maximum [Member] | Measurement Input, Comparability Adjustment [Member] | Commercial Real Estate Property [Member
Other real estate owned, measurement input	0.35	0.35
Valuation, Cost Approach [Member] | Weighted Average [Member] | Measurement Input, Comparability Adjustment [Member] | Commercial Real Estate Property [Member
Other real estate owned, measurement input	0.18	0.18
Valuation, Income Approach [Member] | Measurement Input, Discount Rate or Cap Rate [Member] | Commercial Real Estate Property [Member
Other real estate owned, measurement input	0.25	0.25
Valuation, Income Approach [Member] | Minimum [Member] | Measurement Input, Discount Rate or Cap Rate [Member] | Commercial Real Estate Property [Member
Other real estate owned, measurement input	0.25	0.25
Valuation, Income Approach [Member] | Maximum [Member] | Measurement Input, Discount Rate or Cap Rate [Member] | Commercial Real Estate Property [Member
Other real estate owned, measurement input	0.25	0.25
Valuation, Income Approach [Member] | Weighted Average [Member] | Measurement Input, Discount Rate or Cap Rate [Member] | Commercial Real Estate Property [Member
Other real estate owned, measurement input	0.25	0.25
Residential Portfolio Segment [Member] | Valuation, Cost Approach [Member]
Impaired loans, fair value	$ 552	$ 957
Residential Portfolio Segment [Member] | Valuation, Cost Approach [Member] | Minimum [Member] | Measurement Input, Comparability Adjustment [Member]
Impaired loans, measurement input	0	0
Residential Portfolio Segment [Member] | Valuation, Cost Approach [Member] | Maximum [Member] | Measurement Input, Comparability Adjustment [Member]
Impaired loans, measurement input	0.26	0.26
Residential Portfolio Segment [Member] | Valuation, Cost Approach [Member] | Weighted Average [Member] | Measurement Input, Comparability Adjustment [Member]
Impaired loans, measurement input	0.11	0.09

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Note 16 - Fair Values - Carrying Amount and Estimated Fair Values of Financial Instruments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Securities available for sale	$ 201,192	$ 152,720
Reported Value Measurement [Member]
Cash and cash equivalents	35,361	34,103
Securities available for sale	201,192	152,720
Federal Home Loan Bank stock	7,233	7,323
Loans, net	756,364	703,913
Accrued interest receivable	3,665	3,136
Deposits	894,231	847,024
Federal Home Loan Bank advances	46,549	11,797
Junior subordinated debentures	21,000	21,000
Senior debt	10,000	10,000
Accrued interest payable	658	1,475
Loans held for sale		70
Subordinated capital notes		2,250
Estimate of Fair Value Measurement [Member]
Cash and cash equivalents	35,361	34,103
Securities available for sale	201,192	152,720
Federal Home Loan Bank stock
Loans, net	744,076	703,263
Accrued interest receivable	3,665	3,136
Deposits	892,633	830,706
Federal Home Loan Bank advances	46,519	11,799
Junior subordinated debentures	16,226	19,090
Senior debt	9,585	10,000
Accrued interest payable	658	1,475
Loans held for sale		70
Subordinated capital notes		2,246
Estimate of Fair Value Measurement [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Cash and cash equivalents	35,361	34,103
Securities available for sale
Federal Home Loan Bank stock
Loans, net
Accrued interest receivable
Deposits	142,618	137,386
Federal Home Loan Bank advances
Junior subordinated debentures
Senior debt
Accrued interest payable
Loans held for sale
Subordinated capital notes
Estimate of Fair Value Measurement [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Cash and cash equivalents
Securities available for sale	201,192	152,720
Federal Home Loan Bank stock
Loans, net
Accrued interest receivable	1,222	925
Deposits	750,015	693,320
Federal Home Loan Bank advances	46,519	11,799
Junior subordinated debentures
Senior debt
Accrued interest payable	598	357
Loans held for sale		70
Subordinated capital notes
Estimate of Fair Value Measurement [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
Cash and cash equivalents
Securities available for sale
Federal Home Loan Bank stock
Loans, net	744,076	703,263
Accrued interest receivable	2,443	2,211
Deposits
Federal Home Loan Bank advances
Junior subordinated debentures	16,226	19,090
Senior debt	9,585	10,000
Accrued interest payable	$ 60	1,118
Loans held for sale
Subordinated capital notes		$ 2,246

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Note 17 - Stock Plans and Stock Based Compensation (Details Textual) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other Than Options, Nonvested Intrinsic Value1	$ 737,000
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Grants in Period, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value	$ 13.94
Share-based Compensation, Total	$ 524,000	$ 400,000	$ 443,000
Employee Service Share-based Compensation, Tax Benefit from Compensation Expense	$ 110,000	$ 140,000	$ 0
2018 Omnibus Equity Compensation Plan [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Number of Shares Available for Grant	322,144
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Award Vesting Period	3 years
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Grants in Period, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value	$ 13.94	$ 9.64
Non-Employee Directors Stock Incentive Plan 2006 [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Annual Award to Non Employee Directors, Value	$ 25,000

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Note 17 - Stock Plans and Stock Based Compensation - Unvested Share Activity (Details) - $ / shares	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Granted, weighted average grant price (in dollars per share)	$ 13.94
2018 Omnibus Equity Compensation Plan [Member]
Outstanding, beginning (in shares)	142,334	179,513
Outstanding, weighted average grant price (in dollars per share)	$ 5.67	$ 4.89
Granted (in shares)	52,856	37,865
Granted, weighted average grant price (in dollars per share)	$ 13.94	$ 9.64
Vested (in shares)	(78,281)	(73,728)
Vested, weighted average grant price (in dollars per share)	$ 6.75	$ 5.75
Forfeited (in shares)		(1,316)
Forfeited, weighted average grant price (in dollars per share)		$ 9.35
Outstanding, ending (in shares)	116,909	142,334
Outstanding, weighted average grant price (in dollars per share)	$ 8.69	$ 5.67

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Note 17 - Stock Plans and Stock Based Compensation - Unrecognized Stock Based Compensation Expense Related to Unvested Shares (Details) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018 USD ($)
2019	$ 287
2020	213
2021	94
2022 & thereafter

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Note 18 - Earnings (Loss) Per Share (Details Textual) - $ / shares	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2018
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Outstanding, Number, Ending Balance	0	0	0
Common Stock [Member]
Class of Warrant or Right, Exercise Price of Warrants or Rights	$ 79.41	$ 79.41
Common Stock [Member] | Warrant [Member]
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share, Amount	66,113	66,113

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Note 18 - Earnings (Loss) Per Share - Basic and Diluted Loss Per Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended																12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018		Sep. 30, 2018		Jun. 30, 2018		Mar. 31, 2018		Dec. 31, 2017		Sep. 30, 2017		Jun. 30, 2017		Mar. 31, 2017		Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Net income (loss)	$ 2,440	[1]	$ 2,437		$ 1,983		$ 1,934		$ 33,270	[1]	$ 1,794		$ 1,709		$ 1,680		$ 8,794	$ 38,453	$ (2,753)
Earnings (losses) allocated to unvested shares																	144	967	(88)
Net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders, basic and diluted																	$ 8,650	$ 37,486	$ (2,665)
Weighted average common shares including unvested common shares and participating preferred shares outstanding (in shares)																	7,159,723	6,249,059	5,980,945
Weighted average shares outstanding (in shares)																	7,042,693	6,091,932	5,788,713
Basic income (loss) per common share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.33	[2]	$ 0.33	[2]	$ 0.27	[2]	$ 0.31	[2]	$ 5.31	[2]	$ 0.29	[2]	$ 0.27	[2]	$ 0.27	[2]	$ 1.23	$ 6.15	$ (0.46)
Add: Dilutive effects of assumed exercises of common stock warrants (in shares)
Weighted average common shares and potential common shares (in shares)																	7,042,693	6,091,932	5,788,713
Diluted income (loss) per common share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.33	[2]	$ 0.33	[2]	$ 0.27	[2]	$ 0.31	[2]	$ 5.31	[2]	$ 0.29	[2]	$ 0.27	[2]	$ 0.27	[2]	$ 1.23	$ 6.15	$ (0.46)
Unvested Shares [Member]
Weighted average shares outstanding (in shares)																	117,030	157,127	192,232

[1] Net income for the fourth quarter of 2017 was impacted by the reversal of the Company's deferred tax asset valuation allowance and the change in federal corporate tax rates in connection with the enactment of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017. The net result of these two items, as well as tax expense for the year, was an income tax benefit of $31.9 million.

[2] The sum of the quarterly net income (loss) per share (basic and diluted) differs from the annual net income (loss) per share (basic and diluted) because of the differences in the weighted average number of common shares outstanding and the common shares used in the quarterly and annual computations as well as differences in rounding.

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Note 19 - Revenue From Contracts With Customers (Details Textual) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Other Non-interest Income [Member]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Including Assessed Tax	$ 660,000	$ 666,000	$ 678,000
Reclassification Adjustment Between Bank Card Interchange Income and Other Non-interest Expense [Member] | Year Ended December 31, 2017 [Member]
Prior Period Reclassification Adjustment	549,000
Reclassification Adjustment Between Bank Card Interchange Income and Other Non-interest Expense [Member] | Year Ended December 31, 2016 [Member]
Prior Period Reclassification Adjustment	$ 454,000

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Note 20 - Parent Company Only Condensed Financial Information (Details Textual)	Dec. 31, 2018 USD ($)
Escrow Deposit	$ 417,000

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Note 20 - Parent Company Only Condensed Financial Information - Condensed Balance Sheet (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018		Dec. 31, 2017		Dec. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 35,361		$ 34,103		$ 66,316	$ 93,335
Deferred taxes, net	29,282		31,313
Total assets	1,069,692		970,801
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Accrued expenses and other liabilities	5,815		6,057
Shareholders’ equity	92,097		72,673		32,733	32,017
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	1,069,692		970,801
Parent Company [Member]
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	5,369	[1]	2,045	[1]	$ 2,048	$ 986
Deferred taxes, net	3,142		2,497
Other assets	682		711
Total assets	124,011		105,680
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Debt	31,775		31,775
Accrued expenses and other liabilities	139		1,232
Shareholders’ equity	92,097		72,673
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	124,011		105,680
Parent Company [Member] | Banking Subsidiary [Member]
Assets
Investment in subsidiary	114,042		99,651
Parent Company [Member] | All Other Subsidiaries [Member]
Assets
Investment in subsidiary	$ 776		$ 776

[1] $417,000 is held in escrow by the senior note lender to be used exclusively for interest payments on senior debt.

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Note 20 - Parent Company Only Condensed Financial Information - Condensed Statements of Operations (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended										12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018		Sep. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017		Sep. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2017	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Interest income	$ 11,741		$ 11,120	$ 10,585	$ 10,015	$ 9,717		$ 9,446	$ 9,134	$ 9,225	$ 43,461	$ 37,522	$ 35,602
Other income											1,162	930	868
Interest expense											(9,790)	(6,405)	(5,981)
Other expense											(1,777)	(1,852)	(1,882)
Income (loss) before income taxes											10,824	6,554	(2,732)
Income Tax Expense (Benefit), Total											2,030	(31,899)	21
Net income (loss)	$ 2,440	[1]	$ 2,437	$ 1,983	$ 1,934	$ 33,270	[1]	$ 1,794	$ 1,709	$ 1,680	8,794	38,453	(2,753)
Parent Company [Member]
Interest income											45	4	5
Dividends from subsidiaries											35	26	23
Other income											38		17
Interest expense											(1,370)	(973)	(694)
Other expense											(1,290)	(1,137)	(1,240)
Income (loss) before income taxes											(2,542)	(2,080)	(1,889)
Income Tax Expense (Benefit), Total											(645)	(2,497)	21
Equity in undistributed subsidiary income (loss)											10,691	38,036	(843)
Net income (loss)											$ 8,794	$ 38,453	$ (2,753)

[1] Net income for the fourth quarter of 2017 was impacted by the reversal of the Company's deferred tax asset valuation allowance and the change in federal corporate tax rates in connection with the enactment of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017. The net result of these two items, as well as tax expense for the year, was an income tax benefit of $31.9 million.

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Note 20 - Parent Company Only Condensed Financial Information - Condensed Statements of Cash Flows (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended											12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018		Sep. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018		Dec. 31, 2017		Sep. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2017	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2018		Dec. 31, 2017		Dec. 31, 2016
Net income (loss)	$ 2,440	[1]	$ 2,437	$ 1,983	$ 1,934		$ 33,270	[1]	$ 1,794	$ 1,709	$ 1,680	$ 8,794		$ 38,453		$ (2,753)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash from operating activities
Deferred taxes, net												2,376		(31,899)
Proceeds from issuance of common stock												14,910				2,231
Redemption of preferred stock												(3,505)
Proceeds from senior debt														10,000
Net cash from financing activities												91,114		(4,462)		(7,364)
Net change in cash and cash equivalents												1,258		(32,213)		(27,019)
Beginning cash and cash equivalents					34,103						66,316	34,103		66,316		93,335
Ending cash and cash equivalents	35,361						34,103					35,361		34,103		66,316
Parent Company [Member]
Net income (loss)												8,794		38,453		(2,753)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash from operating activities
Equity in undistributed subsidiary (income) loss												(10,691)		(38,036)		843
Deferred taxes, net												(645)		(2,497)
Change in other assets												29		743		(95)
Change in other liabilities												(1,093)		(128)		358
Other												525		462		978
Net cash (used in) operating activities												(3,081)		(1,003)		(669)
Investments in subsidiaries												(5,000)		(9,000)		(500)
Net cash (used in) from investing activities												(5,000)		(9,000)		(500)
Proceeds from issuance of common stock												14,910				2,231
Redemption of preferred stock												(3,505)
Proceeds from senior debt														10,000
Net cash from financing activities												11,405		10,000		2,231
Net change in cash and cash equivalents												3,324		(3)		1,062
Beginning cash and cash equivalents					$ 2,045	[2]					$ 2,048	2,045	[2]	2,048		986
Ending cash and cash equivalents	$ 5,369	[2]					$ 2,045	[2]				$ 5,369	[2]	$ 2,045	[2]	$ 2,048

[1] Net income for the fourth quarter of 2017 was impacted by the reversal of the Company's deferred tax asset valuation allowance and the change in federal corporate tax rates in connection with the enactment of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017. The net result of these two items, as well as tax expense for the year, was an income tax benefit of $31.9 million.

[2] $417,000 is held in escrow by the senior note lender to be used exclusively for interest payments on senior debt.

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Note 21 - Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited) (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Income Tax Expense (Benefit), Total	$ 2,030	$ (31,899)	$ 21

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Note 21 - Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited) - Schedule of Quarterly Financial Information (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended																12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018		Sep. 30, 2018		Jun. 30, 2018		Mar. 31, 2018		Dec. 31, 2017		Sep. 30, 2017		Jun. 30, 2017		Mar. 31, 2017		Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Interest income	$ 11,741		$ 11,120		$ 10,585		$ 10,015		$ 9,717		$ 9,446		$ 9,134		$ 9,225		$ 43,461	$ 37,522	$ 35,602
Net Interest Income	8,704		8,412		8,374		8,181		8,001		7,787		7,588		7,741		33,671	31,117	29,621
Provision For Loan Losses			(350)		(150)				(800)								(500)	(800)	(2,450)
OREO Expense	(278)		(271)		(237)		(82)		(1,881)		(111)		(3)		(16)
Net income (loss)	$ 2,440	[1]	$ 2,437		$ 1,983		$ 1,934		$ 33,270	[1]	$ 1,794		$ 1,709		$ 1,680		$ 8,794	$ 38,453	$ (2,753)
Earnings Per Common Share Basic (in dollars per share)	$ 0.33	[2]	$ 0.33	[2]	$ 0.27	[2]	$ 0.31	[2]	$ 5.31	[2]	$ 0.29	[2]	$ 0.27	[2]	$ 0.27	[2]	$ 1.23	$ 6.15	$ (0.46)
Earnings Per Common Share Diluted (in dollars per share)	$ 0.33	[2]	$ 0.33	[2]	$ 0.27	[2]	$ 0.31	[2]	$ 5.31	[2]	$ 0.29	[2]	$ 0.27	[2]	$ 0.27	[2]	$ 1.23	$ 6.15	$ (0.46)

[1] Net income for the fourth quarter of 2017 was impacted by the reversal of the Company's deferred tax asset valuation allowance and the change in federal corporate tax rates in connection with the enactment of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017. The net result of these two items, as well as tax expense for the year, was an income tax benefit of $31.9 million.

[2] The sum of the quarterly net income (loss) per share (basic and diluted) differs from the annual net income (loss) per share (basic and diluted) because of the differences in the weighted average number of common shares outstanding and the common shares used in the quarterly and annual computations as well as differences in rounding.