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INCOME TAXES:
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2016
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
INCOME TAXES:
INCOME TAXES:
As of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the Company had gross unrecognized tax benefits of $37.4 million and $25.4 million, respectively. It is the Company’s policy to classify accrued interest and penalties as part of the unrecognized tax benefits and record the expense in the provision for income taxes. The amount of accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits totaled $1.5 million at June 30, 2016 and $1.2 million at December 31, 2015.
On January 4, 2016 the Israeli Government legislated a reduction in corporate income tax rates from 26.5% to 25.0%, effective in 2016. Deferred tax assets and liabilities at December 31, 2015 were measured using the 26.5% tax rate. In 2016, the Company measured deferred tax assets and liabilities using the 25.0% tax rate. The immediate change in the corporate income tax rates from 26.5% to 25.0% resulted in a reduction of $1.3 million to the Company's deferred tax assets and a corresponding increase in the Company's income tax expense for the six months ended June 30, 2016.
As of June 30, 2016, the 2012 through 2015 tax years are open and may be subject to potential examinations in the United States. The Company has net operating losses in the United States from prior tax periods beginning in 2002 which may be subject to examination upon utilization in future tax periods. As of June 30, 2016, the 2011 through 2015 tax years are open and may be subject to potential examinations in Israel. As of June 30, 2016, the income tax returns of the Company and one of its subsidiaries in Israel are under examination by the Israeli Tax Authority for certain years from 2011 to 2014. As of June 30, 2016, the 2011 through 2015 tax years are open and may be subject to potential examinations in Denmark.
The Beneficiary Enterprise and Approved Enterprise tax holiday associated with the Company's Yokneam and Tel Aviv operations began in 2011. The tax holiday for the Company's Yokneam operations will expire in 2021 and the tax holiday for the Company's Tel Aviv operation will expire between the years 2017 and 2021. The tax holiday has resulted in a cash tax savings of $21.0 million and $13.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, increasing diluted earnings per share by approximately $0.44 and $0.27 in the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.
The Company’s effective tax rate is highly dependent upon the geographic distribution of its worldwide earnings or losses, tax regulations and tax holiday benefits in Israel, and the effectiveness of the Company’s tax planning strategies. The Company’s effective tax rates were 1.0% and 5.0% for the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The Company’s effective tax rates were (2,227.8%) and 9.9% for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. During the six months ended June 30, 2016, the (2,227.8%) effective tax rate is due to a loss before taxes on income that is near break-even. The difference between the Company’s effective tax rates and the 35% federal statutory rate for the six months ended June 30, 2016 resulted primarily from the reduction of deferred tax assets resulting from the reduction in the Israeli corporate income tax as discussed above, the accrual of unrecognized tax benefits, interest and penalties associated with unrecognized tax positions, non-tax-deductible expenses such as share-based compensation expense and losses generated from subsidiaries without tax benefits, partially offset by the tax holiday in Israel and foreign earnings taxed at rates lower than the federal statutory rates.
The application of income tax law is inherently complex. Laws and regulations in this area are voluminous and are often ambiguous, and the Company is required to make many subjective assumptions and judgments regarding its income tax exposures. In addition, interpretations of and guidance surrounding income tax laws and regulations are subject to change over time. Any changes in the Company’s subjective assumptions and judgments could materially affect amounts recognized in its consolidated balance sheets and statements of operations.
The Company has maintained a valuation allowance against deferred tax assets of certain subsidiaries. The Company assesses its ability to recover its deferred tax assets on an ongoing basis. Significant management judgment is required in determining any valuation allowance recorded against deferred tax assets. In evaluating the ability to recover deferred tax assets, the Company considers available positive and negative evidence including its recent cumulative losses, its ability to carry-back losses against prior taxable income and its projected financial results. The Company also considers, commensurate with its objective verifiability, the forecast of future taxable income including the reversal of temporary differences and the implementation of feasible and prudent tax planning strategies. A valuation allowance may be recorded in the event it is deemed to be more-likely-than-not that the deferred tax asset cannot be realized. Previously established valuation allowances may also be released in the event it is deemed to be more-likely-than-not that the deferred tax asset can be realized. Any release of valuation allowance will be recorded as a tax benefit which will positively impact the Company’s operating results. Management has determined on the basis of the quarterly assessment performed at June 30, 2016, that these deferred tax assets are not more likely than not to be realized.