Income Taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

The components of loss from continuing operations before income taxes are presented below:


	Year Ended December 31,
	2022		2021		2020
Domestic	$	(76,572)	$	(107,582)	$	(97,982)
Foreign	(3,394)		(3,385)		(6,542)
Loss from continuing operations before income taxes	$	(79,966)	$	(110,967)	$	(104,524)

Components of Income Tax Benefit

The components of income tax benefit from continuing operations are presented below:


	Year Ended December 31,
	2022		2021		2020
United States federal income taxes:

Deferred	$	37	$	37	$	37
Foreign income taxes:
Current	(39)		7		74
Deferred	(198)		(215)		(204)
State income taxes:

Deferred	11		11		11
Income tax benefit from continuing operations	$	(189)	$	(160)	$	(82)

Schedule of Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation

Income tax benefit from continuing operations for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020 differed from amounts computed by applying the applicable United States federal corporate income tax rate of 21% to loss before income taxes as a result of the following:


	2022		2021		2020
Computed statutory income tax benefit from continuing operations	$	(16,793)	$	(23,303)	$	(21,950)
State and provincial income tax benefit, net of federal income taxes	(2,884)		(4,670)		(5,199)
Nondeductible stock based compensation	179		832		5,709
Nondeductible officer compensation	263		1,459		728
Impairment of goodwill	101		—		—
Nondeductible equity investment loss	3,093		—		—
Research and development tax incentives	(991)		(958)		(524)
Acquisition and internal restructuring transaction costs	—		—		—



United States-foreign rate differential	18		(32)		(21)
Other, net	533		(46)		(306)
	(16,481)		(26,718)		(21,563)
Change in valuation allowance for deferred tax assets	16,292		26,558		21,481
Total income tax benefit from continuing operations	$	(189)	$	(160)	$	(82)

Schedule of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities

The tax effects of temporary differences that comprise the deferred tax assets and liabilities included in continuing operations as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, are as follows:


	2022		2021
Deferred tax assets
Allowance for doubtful accounts	$	53	$	1,506
Inventory	—		370
Equity securities and investments in affiliates	258		570
Property, plant and equipment	284		—
Intangible assets	69,807		80,540
Accrued liabilities	3,219		3,090
Lease liabilities	2,182		2,839
Stock-based compensation	17,106		15,227
Deferred revenue	474		7,300
Capitalized research and development cost	16,318		—
Research and development tax credits	12,160		11,168

Net operating, capital loss, and interest expense carryforwards	288,397		301,791
Total deferred tax assets	410,258		424,401
Less: (Valuation allowance)	401,086		408,396
Net deferred tax assets	9,172		16,005
Deferred tax liabilities
Property, plant and equipment	—		250
Right-of-use assets	2,071		2,735

Foreign intangible asset	9,364		10,861
Long-term debt	—		4,698
Total deferred tax liabilities	11,435		18,544
Net deferred tax liabilities included in continuing operations	$	(2,263)	$	(2,539)

Summary of Valuation Allowance

Activity within the valuation allowance for deferred tax assets included in continuing operations during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020 was as follows:


	2022		2021		2020
Valuation allowance at beginning of year	$	408,396	$	387,348	$	349,008
Increase (decrease) in valuation allowance as a result of

Deconsolidation of AquaBounty	—		—		—
Establishment of deferred taxes for subsidiaries included in discontinued operations	—		—		—
Current year continuing operations	16,292		26,558		21,481
Discontinued operations treated as asset sales	(27,909)		(3,626)		7,805
Discontinued operations related to MBP Titan	—		(1,186)		8,019





Adoption of ASU 2020-06	4,698		—		—
Foreign currency translation adjustment	(391)		(698)		1,035
Valuation allowance at end of year	$	401,086	$	408,396	$	387,348