2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”).

Fiscal period

Our fiscal year consists of 52 or 53 weeks ending on the Saturday nearest December 31 of the related year. The years ended December 30, 2017, December 31, 2016, and January 2, 2016, consisted of 52 weeks.

Principles of consolidation

The consolidated financial statements present the results of the operations, financial position and cash flows of PGTI, and its subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Segment information

We operate as one operating segment, the manufacture and sale of windows and doors.

Use of estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could materially differ from those estimates.

Revenue recognition

We recognize sales when all of the following criteria have been met: a valid customer order with a fixed price has been received; the product has been delivered; and collectability is reasonably assured. All sales recognized are net of allowances for discounts and estimated credits, which are estimated using historical experience. We record provisions against gross revenues for estimated credits in the period when the related revenue is recorded. These estimates are based on factors that include, but are not limited to, analysis of credit memorandum activity.

Cost of sales

Cost of sales represents costs directly related to the production of our products. Primary costs include raw materials, direct labor, and manufacturing overhead, which consist of salaries, wages, employee benefits, utilities, maintenance, engineering and property taxes.

Shipping and handling costs

Shipping and handling costs incurred in the purchase of materials used in the manufacturing process are included in cost of sales. Costs relating to shipping and handling of our finished products are included in selling, general and administrative expenses and totaled $20.6 million, $18.3 million and $15.4 million for the years ended December 30, 2017, December 31, 2016, and January 2, 2016, respectively.

Advertising

We expense advertising costs as incurred. Advertising expense, which is included in selling, general and administrative expenses, was $1.3 million, $0.2 million and $0.3 million for the years ended December 30, 2017, December 31, 2016, and January 2, 2016, respectively.

Research and development costs

We expense research and development costs as incurred. Research and development costs included in cost of sales were $1.4 million, $1.7 million and $2.0 million for the years ended December 30, 2017, December 31, 2016, and January 2, 2016, respectively.

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on hand or highly liquid investments with an original maturity date of three months or less when purchased.

Accounts receivable, net

In the ordinary course of business, we extend credit to qualified dealers and distributors, generally on a non-collateralized basis. The Company maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts which is based on management’s assessments of the amount which may become uncollectible in the future and is determined through consideration of our write-off history, specific identification of uncollectible accounts based in part on the customer’s past due balance (based on contractual terms), and consideration of prevailing economic and industry conditions. Uncollectible accounts are written off after repeated attempts to collect from the customer have been unsuccessful.


	December 30,			December 31,
	2017			2016
	(in thousands)
Accounts receivable	$	61,272		$	42,045
Less: Allowance for doubtful accounts		(964	)		(399	)

Accounts receivable, net	$	60,308		$	41,646

Self-insurance reserves

We are primarily self-insured for employee health benefits and for years prior to 2010 for workers’ compensation claims. Provisions for losses under these programs are recorded based on the Company’s estimates of the aggregate liabilities for the claims incurred. Accruals for healthcare claims and workers’ compensation are included in accrued liabilities in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

Warranty expense

We have warranty obligations with respect to most of our manufactured products. Warranty periods, which vary by product components, generally range from 1 to 10 years, although the warranty period for a limited number of specifically identified components in certain applications is a lifetime. However, the majority of the products sold have warranties on components which range from 1 to 3 years. The Company has recorded a reserve for estimated warranty and related costs based on historical experience and periodically adjusts these provisions to reflect actual experience. Expected future obligations are discounted to a current value using a risk-free rate for obligations with similar maturities.

During 2017, we recorded warranty expense at an average rate of 2.09% of sales. This rate is lower than the average rate of 2.41% of sales accrued in 2016. We assess the adequacy of our warranty accrual on a quarterly basis, and adjust the previous amounts recorded, if necessary, to reflect the change in estimate of the future costs of claims yet to be serviced. The following provides information with respect to our warranty accrual.


Accrued Warranty	Beginning of Period		Acquired		Charged to Expense		Adjustments			Settlements			End of Period
	(in thousands)
Year ended December 30, 2017	$	5,569	$	—	$	10,675	$	(212	)	$	(10,646	)	$	5,386
Year ended December 31, 2016	$	4,237	$	274	$	11,064	$	754		$	(10,760	)	$	5,569
Year ended January 2, 2016	$	3,302	$	—	$	8,256	$	332		$	(7,653	)	$	4,237

The accrual for warranty is included in accrued liabilities and other liabilities, depending on estimated settlement date, in the consolidated balance sheets as of December 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016. The portion of warranty expense related to the issuance of product of $4.8 million, $6.8 million and $4.8 million is included in cost of sales in the consolidated statements of operations for the years ended December 30, 2017, December 31, 2016, and January 2, 2016, respectively. The portion related to servicing warranty claims including costs of the service department personnel is included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of operations, and is $5.7 million, $5.0 million and $3.8 million, respectively, for the years ended December 30, 2017, December 31, 2016, and January 2, 2016.

Inventories

Inventories consist principally of raw materials purchased for the manufacture of our products. We have limited finished goods inventory as all products are custom, made-to-order products. All inventories are stated at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out method) or net realizable value. The reserve for obsolescence is based on management’s assessment of the amount of inventory that may become obsolete in the future and is determined through Company history, specific identification and consideration of prevailing economic and industry conditions. Inventories consist of the following:


	December 30,		December 31,
	2017		2016
	(in thousands)
Raw materials	$	30,139	$	24,946
Work in progress		2,506		2,521
Finished goods		5,171		3,044

Inventories	$	37,816	$	30,511

Property, plant and equipment

Property, plant and equipment are recorded at cost and depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets. Depreciable assets are assigned estimated lives as follows:


Building and improvements		5 to 40 years
Leasehold improvements		Shorter of lease term or estimated useful life
Furniture and equipment		3 to 10 years
Vehicles		5 to 10 years
Computer software		3 years

Maintenance and repair expenditures are charged to expense as incurred.

Long-lived assets

We review long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such assets may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of long-lived assets to future undiscounted net cash flows expected to be generated. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment recognized is the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the fair value of the assets. Assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less cost to sell, and depreciation is no longer recorded.

Computer software

We capitalize costs associated with software developed or obtained for internal use when both the preliminary project stage is complete and it is probable that computer software being developed will be completed and placed in service. Capitalized costs include:

(i)

external direct costs of materials and services consumed in developing or obtaining computer software,

(ii)

payroll and other related costs for employees who are directly associated with and who devote time to the software project, and

(iii)

interest costs incurred, when material, while developing internal-use software.

Capitalization of such costs ceases no later than the point at which the project is substantially complete and ready for its intended purpose.

Capitalized software as of December 30, 2017, and December 31, 2016, was $20.0 million and $16.6 million, respectively. Accumulated depreciation of capitalized software was $16.9 million and $15.4 million as of December 30, 2017, and December 31, 2016, respectively.

Amortization expense for capitalized software was $1.5 million, $0.9 million, and $1.1 million for the years ended December 30, 2017, December 31, 2016, and January 2, 2016, respectively.

We review the carrying value of capitalized software and development costs for impairment in accordance with our policy pertaining to the impairment of long-lived assets.

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess of the consideration paid in a business combination over the fair value of the identifiable net assets acquired. We test goodwill for impairment at the reporting unit level at least annually or whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying value of goodwill may not be recoverable from future cash flows. Our annual test for impairment is done on the first date of our fiscal fourth quarter. We consider various qualitative factors, including macroeconomic and industry conditions, financial performance of the Company and changes in the stock price of the Company to determine whether it is necessary to perform a quantitative test for goodwill impairment. If we believe, as a result of our qualitative assessment, that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, the quantitative impairment test is required. Under the quantitative test, goodwill is tested under a two-step method for impairment at a level of reporting referred to as a reporting unit. Step one of the quantitative analysis involves identifying potential impairment by comparing the fair value of each reporting unit with its carrying amount and, if applicable, step two involves estimation of the impairment loss, which is the amount of excess of carrying amount of goodwill over the implied fair value of the reporting unit goodwill. For all periods presented, based on a qualitative assessment, we concluded that a quantitative two-step assessment was not required to be performed.

Trade names

The Company has indefinite-lived intangible assets in the form of trade names. The impairment evaluation of the carrying amount of our trade names is conducted annually, or more frequently, if events or changes in circumstances indicate that they might be impaired. We have the option of performing a qualitative assessment of impairment to determine whether any further quantitative testing for impairment is necessary. If we elect to bypass the qualitative assessment or if we determine, based on qualitative factors, that it is more likely than not that the fair value of our trade names is less than the carrying amount, an evaluation is performed by comparing their carrying amount to their estimated fair values. If the estimated fair value is less than the carrying amount of the trade name, then an impairment charge is recorded to reduce the carrying value to its estimated fair value. The estimated fair value is determined using the relief from royalty method that is based upon the discounted projected cost savings (value) attributable to ownership of our trade names, our only indefinite lived intangible assets. For all periods presented, based on a qualitative assessment, we concluded that a quantitative two-step assessment was not required to be performed for our PGT and CGI trade names.

In evaluating our WinDoor trade name as of the first day of the fourth quarter of 2017, we elected to bypass the qualitative assessment and perform a quantitative assessment. Based on this quantitative assessment, we concluded that no impairment was indicated as of the measurement date.

Derivative financial instruments

We utilize certain derivative instruments, from time to time, including forward contracts and interest rate swaps and caps to manage variability in cash flow associated with commodity market price risk exposure in the aluminum market and interest rates. We do not enter into derivatives for speculative purposes. As of December 30, 2017, and December 31, 2016, we did not have any open forward contracts for the purchase of aluminum, or any interest rate caps or swaps. Additional information with regards to derivative instruments is contained in Note 9.

Concentrations of credit risk

Financial instruments, which potentially subject us to concentrations of credit risk, consist principally of cash and cash equivalents and trade accounts receivable. Accounts receivable are due primarily from dealers and distributors of building materials, and other companies in the construction industry, primarily located in Florida. Credit is extended based on an evaluation of the customer’s financial condition and credit history, and generally collateral is not required. The Company maintains an allowance for potential credit losses on trade receivables.

We maintain our cash with several financial institutions, the balance of which exceeds federally insured limits. At December 30, 2017, and December 31, 2016, our cash balance exceeded the insured limit by $32.3 million and $37.5 million, respectively.

Comprehensive income

The Company reports comprehensive income, defined as the total of net income and other comprehensive income, which is composed of all other non-owner changes in equity, and the components thereof, in its consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

The components of other comprehensive income relate to gains and losses on cash flow hedges, to the extent effective. Reclassification adjustments reflecting such gains and losses are recorded as income in the same period as the hedged items affect earnings. There were no components of comprehensive income for 2017 or 2016.

Stock-based compensation

We use a fair-value based approach for measuring stock-based compensation and record compensation expense over an award’s vesting period based on the award’s fair value at the date of grant. Our Company’s awards vest based on service conditions and compensation expense is recognized on a straight-line basis for each separately vesting portion of an award. Stock-based compensation expense is recognized only for those awards that ultimately vest.

Income and Sales Taxes

We account for income taxes utilizing the liability method. Deferred income taxes are recorded to reflect consequences on future years of differences between financial reporting and the tax basis of assets and liabilities measured using the enacted statutory tax rates and tax laws applicable to the periods in which differences are expected to affect taxable earnings. We have no liability for unrecognized tax benefits. However, should we accrue for such liabilities, when and if they arise in the future, we will recognize interest and penalties associated with uncertain tax positions as part of our income tax provision. Refer to Note 11 for additional information regarding the Company’s income taxes.

Sales taxes collected from customers have been recorded on a net basis.

Net income per common share

Basic earnings per share is computed using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share is computed using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period, plus the dilutive effect of common stock equivalents using the treasury stock method.

Our weighted average shares outstanding excludes underlying securities of 19 thousand, 20 thousand, and 66 thousand for the years ended December 30, 2017, December 31, 2016, and January 2, 2016, respectively, because their effects were anti-dilutive.

The table below presents the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share, including a reconciliation of weighted average common shares:


	Year Ended
	December 30,		December 31,		January 2,
	2017		2016		2016
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
Numerator:
Net income	$	39,839	$	23,747	$	23,552

Denominator:
Weighted-average common shares—Basic		49,522		48,856		48,272
Add: Dilutive effect of stock compensation plans		2,206		1,723		2,096

Weighted-average common shares—Diluted		51,728		50,579		50,368

Net income per common share:
Basic	$	0.80	$	0.49	$	0.49

Diluted	$	0.77	$	0.47	$	0.47