485BPOS 1 adaptive485b.htm 485BPOS GemCom, LLC

Securities Act File No. 333-131820

ICA No. 811- 21853


As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 15, 2014


SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C.  20549


FORM N-1A

REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933    [   ]


 Pre-Effective Amendment No.    ____   [   ]


 Post-Effective Amendment No.    108  [X]


and/or


REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940  [   ]


Amendment No.                       109 [X]

(Check Appropriate Box or Boxes)


Northern Lights Variable Trust

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)


17605 Wright Street

Omaha, NE 68130

Attention:  Andrew Rogers

 (Address of Principal Executive Offices)(Zip Code)


(631) 470-2600

 (Registrant's Telephone Number, Including Area Code)


The Corporation Trust Company

Corporate Trust Center

1209 Orange Street

Wilmington, DE 19801

(Name and Address of Agent for Service)


With copies to:

JoAnn M. Strasser, Esq.

Thompson Hine LLP

41 South High Street, Suite 1700

Columbus, Ohio 43215

614-469-3265 (phone)

513-241-4771 (fax)

James P. Ash, Esq.

Gemini Fund Services, LLC

80 Arkay Drive

Hauppauge, New York 11788

(631) 470-2619 (phone)

(631) 813-2884 (fax)


  Approximate Date of Proposed Public Offering


It is proposed that this filing will become effective (check appropriate box):

()

immediately upon filing pursuant to paragraph (b).

(X)

on May 1, 2014 pursuant to paragraph (b).

( )

60 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(1).

(  )

on (date) pursuant to paragraph (a)(1).

()

75 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(2).

( )

on (date) pursuant to paragraph (a)(2) of Rule 485.

If appropriate check the following box:  

( )

this post-effective amendment designates a new effective date for a previously filed post-effective amendment.






[pro001.jpg]

ADAPTIVE ALLOCATION PORTFOLIO

PROSPECTUS    

May 1, 2014


1-866-263-9260



Advised by:

Critical Math Advisors, LLC

3840 Quakerbridge Road

Suite 130

Hamilton, New Jersey 08619

 



This Prospectus provides important information about the Portfolio that you should know before investing.  Please read it carefully and keep it for future reference.


These securities have not been approved or disapproved by the Securities and Exchange Commission nor has the Securities and Exchange Commission passed upon the accuracy or adequacy of this Prospectus.  Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.


1




TABLE OF CONTENTS

PORTFOLIO SUMMARY


Investment Objective


Fees and Expenses of the Portfolio


Principal Investment Strategies


Principal Investment Risks


Performance


Investment Adviser


Portfolio Managers


Purchase and Sale of Portfolio Shares


Tax Information


Payments to Broker-Dealers and Other Financial Intermediaries


ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ABOUT PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES AND RELATED RISKS


General Information about the Portfolio/Adviser


Investment Objectives


Principal Investment Strategies


Principal Investment Risks


Temporary Investments


Portfolio Holdings Disclosure


MANAGEMENT


Investment Adviser


Investment Adviser Portfolio Managers


HOW SHARES ARE PRICED


HOW TO PURCHASE AND REDEEM SHARES


When Order is Processed


TAX CONSEQUENCES


DIVIDENDS AND DISTRIBUTIONS


FREQUENT PURCHASES AND REDEMPTION OF PORTFOLIO SHARES


DISTRIBUTION OF SHARES


Distributor


Distribution Fees


Additional Compensation to Financial Intermediaries


Householding


VOTING AND MEETINGS


FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS


Privacy Notice





 

 

 






PORTFOLIO SUMMARY


Investment Objective:  The Portfolio’s investment objectives are to provide growth and risk-adjusted total return.


Fees and Expenses of the Portfolio:  This table describes the annual operating expenses that you may indirectly pay if you invest in the Portfolio through your retirement plan or if you allocate your insurance contract premiums or payments to the Portfolio.  However, each insurance contract and separate account involves fees and expenses that are not described in this Prospectus.  If the fees and expenses of your insurance contract or separate account were included in this table, your overall expenses would be higher.  You should review the insurance contract prospectus for a complete description of fees and expenses.


Annual Portfolio Operating Expenses

(expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)

Management Fees

1.00%

Distribution and Service (12b-1) Fees(1)

0.50%

Other Expenses

0.71%

Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses(2)

0.35%

Total Annual Portfolio Operating Expenses

2.56%


(1)

Shareholders of the Portfolio may pay annual 12b-1 expenses of up to 1.00%.  Currently, the Board has authorized the Portfolio to pay 12b-1 fees at an annual rate of up to 0.50%.  Shareholders will receive advance notice of any increase.  A portion of the fee payable pursuant to the plan, equal to 0.25% of the Portfolio’s average daily net assets, is currently characterized as a service fee, which may be paid out to entities providing maintenance of shareholder accounts and certain other shareholder services. The adviser may receive such service fees with respect to Portfolio accounts for which it provides shareholder servicing.

(2)

Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses are the indirect costs of investing in other investment companies.  The operating expenses in this fee table will not correlate to the expense ratio in the Portfolio’s financial highlights because the financial statements include only the direct operating expenses incurred by the Portfolio.


Example:  This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Portfolio with the cost of investing in other mutual funds.  

The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Portfolio for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods.  You would pay the same expenses if you did not redeem your shares.  However, each insurance contract and separate account involves fees and expenses that are not included in the Example.  If these fees and expenses were included in the Example, your overall expenses would be higher.  The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Portfolio's operating expenses remain the same.  Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based upon these assumptions your costs would be:

1 Year

3 Years

5 Years

10 Years

$259

$796

$1,360

$2,895


Portfolio Turnover:  The Portfolio pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or "turns over" its portfolio).  These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the Example, affect the Portfolio's performance.  During the most recent fiscal year, the Portfolio's portfolio turnover rate was 173% of the average value of its portfolio.


Principal Investment Strategies: The Portfolio’s adviser seeks to achieve the Portfolio's investment objectives by allocating assets in a combination of (1) open-end investment companies (mutual funds), (2) exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”), (3) exchange-traded notes (“ETNs”), (4) closed-end investment companies (collectively "Underlying Funds"), and (5) equity and debt securities, including American Depositary Receipts (“ADRs”) using the adviser's proprietary technical screening models.  Although



1




the Portfolio’s strategy is focused primarily on the capital appreciation component of its total return objective, the income component of the objective is derived primarily from interest income from fixed income securities, and stock dividends.  The phrase “risk-adjusted” in the Portfolio’s objective refers to the goal of enhancing total return by reducing loses when markets are declining.  The Portfolio defines equity securities as common and preferred stock, convertible securities, warrants, and ADRs for common and preferred stocks.  The Portfolio may also establish short positions through short sales in equity securities or by investing in inverse funds when the adviser anticipates a decline in the market price of a security or other asset class. The Portfolio’s adviser selects securities from issuers of any market capitalization, credit quality or country.  The Portfolio may invest in fixed income securities that are sometimes referred to as "high yield" or “junk” bonds.  The Portfolio defines high yield bonds as those rated lower than Baa3 by Moody's Investors Service ("Moody's") or lower than BBB- by Standard and Poor's Rating Group ("S&P"), or if unrated, determined by the adviser to be of similar quality.  Such securities are considered speculative investments that carry greater risk of default.  


The Underlying Funds include high beta index funds (“HBIFs”), which are mutual funds and ETFs that typically track an equity or fixed income index by investing in leveraged instruments such as equity index swaps, futures contracts and options on securities, futures contracts, and stock indices.  HBIFs are more volatile than the benchmark index they track and typically don’t invest directly in the securities included in the benchmark, or in the same proportion that those securities are represented in that benchmark. HBIFs seek to provide investment results that will match a certain percentage greater than 100% of the performance of a specific benchmark on a daily basis. For example, if a HBIF’s current benchmark is 200% of the S&P 500 Index and it meets its objective, the value of the HBIF will tend to increase on a daily basis 200% of any increase in the underlying index (if the S&P 500 Index goes up 5% then the HBIF’s value should go up 10%). When the value of the underlying index declines, the value of the HBIF’s shares should also decrease on a daily basis by 200% of the value of any decrease in the underlying index (if the S&P 500 Index goes down 5% then the value of the HBIF should go down 10%). The Underlying Funds may also invest in alternative asset classes, such as real estate investment trusts (“REITs”), energy master limited partnerships (“MLPs”) and commodities or commodity-linked securities, including gold securities. Some of the alternative Underlying Funds may focus on specific strategies, such as mergers/acquisitions targets, market neutral or long/short funds.  


The Portfolio may invest in foreign markets.  The Underlying Funds may include mutual funds and ETFs which invest primarily in foreign equity or fixed income securities, including emerging market ETFs and foreign bond funds. Some of the foreign Underlying Funds may invest primarily in a single country (such as Japan) while others may invest in certain regions (such as Europe).  ADRs are traded on U.S. exchanges and represent an ownership interest in a foreign security. They are generally issued by a U.S. bank or trust as a substitute for direct ownership of the foreign security.  The Portfolio typically will not invest more than 30% of its net assets directly in foreign securities.


The adviser uses proprietary models to determine the types and amounts of securities in the Portfolio’s portfolio.   The models are trading strategies based on applying certain mathematical properties (such as linear regressions and weighted moving averages) to the value of a stock category or index (such as the S&P 500, S&P 400 Mid Cap, Russell 2000, NASDAQ Composite, MSCI EAFE, Nikkei 225, MSCI Emerging Markets, Alerian MLP, Gold Price or REIT Index) or a bond category or index (such as inflation-protected securities, municipal bonds, corporate bonds, or foreign bonds).  The models seek to invest in the market when the trends suggest lower risk and not invest in the market when the trends suggest higher risk.  The adviser uses the models to seek optimum returns relative to reduced risk for the Portfolio.   The proportion of Portfolio assets invested under each type of model will vary with the adviser’s investment allocation and risk reduction strategies, as well as with market conditions.  Generally, securities are purchased to fulfill the adviser's asset



2




allocation targets.  Securities are sold when they no longer meet the adviser's fundamental criteria, stop-loss limits are reached, or to rebalance asset class allocations.  The adviser may sell common stock short when it believes the value of the company's stock will depreciate and covers (buys back) the shares when a target price has been reached.  The adviser's use of its proprietary models typically results in active trading and the adviser may engage in frequent buying and selling of portfolio securities to achieve the Portfolio's investment objectives.


Typically, the Portfolio will not invest directly in bonds and other fixed income securities.  However, if warranted pursuant to the adviser’s proprietary investment models, the Portfolio may pursue such direct investments to the extent the adviser deems them consistent with the Portfolio’s investment objective.


Principal Investment Risks:  As with all mutual funds, there is the risk that you could lose money through your investment in the Portfolio.  Many factors affect the Portfolio’s net asset value and performance.


·

Commodity Risk: Because certain Underlying Funds may have a significant portion of their assets exposed directly or indirectly to commodities or commodity-linked securities, developments affecting commodities may have a disproportionate impact on such Underlying Funds. An Underlying Fund’s investment in commodities or commodity-linked derivative instruments may subject the Underlying Fund (and indirectly the Portfolio) to greater volatility than investments in traditional securities, particularly if the instruments involve leverage.


·

Credit Risk:  There is a risk that note issuers will not make payments on securities held by the Portfolio, resulting in losses to the Portfolio.  In addition, the credit quality of securities held by the Portfolio may be lowered if an issuer's financial condition changes.


·

Derivatives Risk:  The Portfolio may invest directly or through Underlying Funds in derivatives (including options, futures and options on futures)  to invest or to hedge.  The Portfolio’s or an Underlying Fund’s use of derivative instruments involves risks different from, or possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in securities and other traditional investments.  These risks include (i) the risk that the counterparty to a derivative transaction may not fulfill its contractual obligations; (ii) risk of mispricing or improper valuation; and (iii) the risk that changes in the value of the derivative may not correlate perfectly with the underlying asset, rate or index.  


·

Emerging Market Risk:   In addition to the risks generally associated with investing in securities of foreign companies, countries with emerging markets also may have relatively unstable governments, social and legal systems that do not protect shareholders, economies based on only a few industries, and securities markets that trade a small number of issues.


·

Equity Risk:  The net asset value of the Portfolio will fluctuate based on changes in the value of the equity securities held by the Portfolio or Underlying Funds that invest in U.S. and/or foreign equity securities.  Equity prices can fall rapidly in response to developments affecting a specific company or industry, or to changing economic, political or market conditions.


·

ETN Risk: ETNs are senior, unsecured unsubordinated debt securities issued by an underwriting bank that are designed to provide returns that are linked to a particular benchmark less investor fees. ETNs have a maturity date and generally are backed only by the creditworthiness of the issuer. As a result, the value of an ETN may be influenced by time to maturity, level of supply and demand for the ETN, volatility and lack of liquidity in the underlying market (e.g., the commodities market), changes in the applicable interest rates, and changes in the issuer’s credit rating and economic, legal, political or geographic events that affect the referenced market. ETNs also may be subject to commodity risk and credit risk.

 




3





·

Fixed Income Risk:  The value of the Portfolio's investments in fixed income securities whether held directly or through Underlying Funds, will fluctuate with changes in interest rates.  Typically, a rise in interest rates causes a decline in the value of fixed income securities.  On the other hand, if rates fall, the value of the fixed income securities generally increases. Your investment will decline in value if the value of the Portfolio’s investments decreases. In addition, Underlying Funds may invest in high yield bonds sometimes referred to as “junk bonds.”  These bonds are speculative investments that carry greater risks and are more susceptible to real or perceived adverse economic and competitive industry conditions than higher quality fixed income securities.


·

Foreign Risk:  When the Portfolio invests in foreign securities directly or through ADRs or Underlying Funds, the Portfolio could be subject to greater risks because the Portfolio’s performance may depend on issues other than the performance of a particular U.S. company or U.S. market sector.  Foreign securities typically have less financial disclosure than U.S. securities and may expose the Portfolio to tax, currency exchange rate and repatriation risks.


·

Issuer-Specific Risk:  The price of an individual security can be more volatile than the market as a whole and can fluctuate differently than the market as a whole.  An individual issuer’s securities can rise or fall dramatically with little or no warning based upon such things as a better (or worse) than expected earnings report, news about the development of a promising product or service, or the loss of key management personnel.


·

Management Risk:  The adviser's dependence on technical and fundamental models and judgments about the attractiveness, value and potential appreciation of particular asset classes, securities and Underlying Funds in which the Portfolio invests may prove to be incorrect and may not produce the desired results.  


·

MLP Risk:  The Underlying Funds’ investments in MLPs involve risks different from those of investing in common stock, including risks related to limited control and limited rights to vote on matters affecting the MLP, risks related to potential conflicts of interest between the MLP and the MLP’s general partner, cash flow risks, dilution risks and risks related to the general partner’s limited call right.  MLPs are generally considered interest-rate sensitive investments. During periods of interest rate volatility, these investments may not provide attractive returns. Depending on the state of interest rates in general, the use of MLPs could enhance or harm the overall performance of the Portfolio.


·

Portfolio Turnover Risk:  As to the portion of the portfolio invested in ETFs, closed-end investment companies, equities and fixed income securities, turnover may result in higher brokerage commissions, dealer mark-ups and other transaction costs.  The adviser's investment style will likely result in most capital gains within the portfolio being realized as short-term capital gains which will be subject to higher tax rates than long-term capital gains.

 

·

REIT Risk. The Underlying Funds’ investments in REITs may decline in value because of adverse developments affecting the real estate industry and real property values. In general, real estate values can be affected by a variety of factors, including supply and demand for properties, the economic health of the country or of different regions, and the strength of specific industries that rent properties. Returns from REITs, which typically are small or medium capitalization stocks, may trail returns from the overall stock market.  


·

Short Sale Risk:  The Portfolio will incur a loss as a result of a short position if the price of the short position instrument increases in value between the date of the short position sale and the date on which the Portfolio purchases an offsetting position.  Short positions may be considered speculative transactions and involve special risks, including greater reliance on the adviser’s ability to accurately anticipate the future value of a security or instrument.  The Portfolio's losses are potentially unlimited in a short position transaction.



4





·

Underlying Funds Risk:  Underlying Funds are subject to investment advisory fees and other expenses, which will be indirectly paid by the Portfolio.  As a result, the cost of investing in the Portfolio will be higher than the cost of investing directly in other investment companies and may be higher than other mutual funds that invest directly in stocks and bonds.  The ETFs in which the Portfolio invests will not be able to replicate exactly the performance of the indices they track and the market value of ETF and closed-end fund shares may differ from their net asset value.  Each investment company and ETF is subject to specific risks, depending on the nature of the fund.  



Performance:  The bar chart and performance table set out below help show the returns and risks of investing in the Portfolio. The bar chart shows performance of the Portfolio for each full calendar year since the Portfolio's inception. The performance table compares the performance of the Portfolio over time to the performance of a broad-based securities market index and a supplemental index that reflects the performance of funds with similar investment strategies. You should be aware that the Portfolio’s past performance may not be an indication of how the Portfolio will perform in the future.  Updated performance information is available at no cost by calling 1-866-263-9260 or visiting www.unusualfund.com.



Performance Bar Chart for Calendar Years Ended December 31.

[pro003.gif]



Best Quarter:

3 rd Quarter 2009

19.27%

Worst Quarter:

1 st Quarter 2009

(9.99)%


Performance Table

Average Annual Total Returns

(For periods ended December 31, 2013)

 

 


One Year


Five Year


Since the Portfolio’s

May 22, 2007 Inception

Return

5.59%

6.02%

0.95%

HFRI Macro: Systematic

 Diversified Index*

(0.88)%

0.12%

3.39%**

S&P 500®  Index ***

32.39%

17.94%

5.24%


* The HFRI Macro Systematic Diversified Index tracks strategies using investment procedures that identify market opportunities containing trending or momentum characteristics across asset classes and other instruments. These strategies normally focus on instruments that are highly liquid with short holding periods. These strategies typically would expect to have no greater than a 35% investment in either dedicated currency or commodity exposures over a given market cycle. The HFRI Macro Systematic Diversified Index will be the Portfolio’s primary index as it is more reflective of the Portfolio’s strategy and objective than the S&P 500 Index.

** Since May 31, 2007.

*** The S&P 500® Index is an unmanaged market capitalization-weighted index of 500 of the largest capitalized U.S. domiciled companies. Index returns assume reinvestment of dividends.



5






Unlike the Portfolio’s returns, the S&P 500® Index and the HFRI Macro Systematic Diversified Index do not reflect any fees or expenses. An investor cannot invest directly in an index.  


Investment Adviser:  Critical Math Advisors, LLC is the Portfolio’s investment adviser.  


Portfolio Managers:  Lewis Arno and Derek Bilcik are each co-portfolio managers.  Each portfolio manager has served the Portfolio in their respective capacity since it commenced operations in May 2007.  Each portfolio manager is jointly and primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the Portfolio.


Purchase and Sale of Portfolio Shares:  Shares of the Portfolio are intended to be sold to certain separate accounts of participating life insurance companies, as well as qualified pension and retirement plans and certain unregistered separate accounts.  You and other purchasers of variable annuity contracts will not own shares of the Portfolio directly. Rather, all shares will be held by the separate accounts for your benefit and the benefit of other purchasers of variable annuity contracts. You may purchase and redeem shares of a Portfolio on any day that the New York Stock Exchange is open.


Tax Information:  It is the Portfolio’s intention to distribute all such income and gains.  Generally, owners of variable insurance contracts are not taxed currently on income or gains realized with respect to such contracts. However, some distributions from such contracts may be taxable at ordinary income tax rates. In addition, distributions made to an owner who is younger than 59 1/2 may be subject to a 10% penalty tax. Investors should ask their own tax advisors for more information on their own tax situation, including possible state or local taxes. Please refer to your insurance contract prospectus or retirement plan documents for additional information on taxes.


Payments to Broker-Dealers and Other Financial Intermediaries:  If you purchase the Portfolio through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank or insurance company), the Portfolio and its related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of Portfolio shares and related services.  These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Portfolio over another investment.  Ask your salesperson for more information.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ABOUT PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES AND RELATED RISKS


General Information about the Portfolio/Adviser:  This Prospectus describes the Adaptive Allocation Portfolio (the “Portfolio”), a series of Northern Lights Variable Trust, a Delaware statutory trust (the “Trust”).  The Portfolio’s investment adviser is Critical Math Advisors, LLC (the “Adviser”). The Portfolio is an investment vehicle for variable annuity contracts. The Portfolio also may be used as an investment vehicle for qualified pension and retirement plans and certain unregistered separate accounts.  Shares of the Portfolio are offered to life insurance companies and their separate accounts to fund the benefits of variable annuity contracts.  In the future, the Portfolio’s shares may be offered to flexible premium variable life insurance policies and to qualified pension and retirement plans and unregistered separate accounts.  Shares are not offered to the general public.


This Prospectus includes important information about the Portfolio that you should know before investing.  You should read this Prospectus and keep it for future reference.  You should also read the separate account prospectus for the variable annuity contract that you want to purchase.  That prospectus contains information about the contract, the separate accounts and expenses related to purchasing a variable annuity contract.

 

 

6





Although the Portfolio has the same or similar investment objectives and strategies as a similarly named publicly available fund advised by Critical Math Advisors, LLC (the “Adviser”), the Portfolio:


Is not the same fund as the publicly available fund;

Is not the same size as the publicly available fund; and

Has different performance, fees and expenses than the publicly available fund.


Investment Objectives:  The Portfolio’s investment objectives are to provide growth and risk-adjusted total return.  The Portfolio’s investment objectives are not a fundamental policy, and may be changed by the Portfolio's Board of Trustees without shareholder approval upon 60 days written notice.


Principal Investment Strategies:  The Portfolio’s adviser seeks to achieve the Portfolio's investment objectives by allocating assets in a combination of (1) open-end investment companies (mutual funds), (2) exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”), (3) exchange-traded notes (“ETNs”), (4) closed-end investment companies (collectively "Underlying Funds"), and (5) equity and debt securities, including American Depositary Receipts (“ADRs”) using the adviser's proprietary technical screening models.  Although the Portfolio’s strategy is focused primarily on the capital appreciation component of its total return objective, the income component of the objective is derived primarily from interest income from fixed income securities, and stock dividends.  The phrase “risk-adjusted” in the Portfolio’s objective refers to the goal of enhancing total return by reducing loses when markets are declining.  The Portfolio defines equity securities as common and preferred stock, convertible securities, warrants, and ADRs for common and preferred stocks.  The Portfolio may also take short positions in common stocks. The Portfolio's adviser selects securities from issuers of any market capitalization, credit quality or country.  The Portfolio may invest in fixed income securities that are sometimes referred to as "high yield" or “junk” bonds.  The Portfolio defines high yield bonds as those rated lower than Baa3 by Moody's Investors Service ("Moody's") or lower than BBB- by Standard and Poor's Rating Group ("S&P"), or if unrated, determined by the adviser to be of similar quality.  Such securities are considered speculative investments that carry greater risk of default.  


Allocation of Assets: The adviser allocates the Portfolio's assets among the Underlying Funds or individual securities representing various segments of the financial markets, which may include various style and capitalization combinations as further described below.  The adviser varies these allocations in accordance with its proprietary asset allocation models, which are designed to respond to economic and market trends, particularly market volatility trends, seeking a mix that will most likely achieve the Portfolio's investment objective while mitigating the attendant risk. Each such model is rule-based; such that the adviser is bound to adhere to the model’s buy and sell signals with respect to that portion of the Portfolio’s assets allocated to the model. Investments are sold in the models when a trend change is identified and the current holdings are deemed inappropriate in the new market condition. Each model has built in mechanisms that attempt to capture returns in up markets and avoid loss in down markets.  At times, the models may require reduced exposure or neutrality with respect to the markets, at which time a significant portion of the Portfolio’s assets may be held in cash or cash equivalent positions, or fixed income securities.  


Equity securities in which the Portfolio may invest include, but are not limited to, common and preferred stock, convertible securities, and warrants.  The Portfolio may also establish short positions through short sales in equity securities or stock indices when the adviser anticipates a decline in the market price of a security. Although the Portfolio does not seek current income, it may invest directly in long, medium or short-term bonds and other fixed income securities with no minimum credit quality whenever the adviser believes they offer a potential for capital appreciation.  The Portfolio may invest without

 

 

7






limitation in lower rated “junk” bonds.  As explained under “Technical Models” below, the adviser typically will invest in Underlying Funds that provide current income, rather than invest directly in fixed income securities. There is no assurance that the adviser will be successful in its assessments in meeting the Portfolio’s investment objective.


Technical Models – Selection of Underlying Funds:  The adviser invests in index and sector funds, based on proprietary technical systems.  It typically invests in funds that track core indices such as the Russell 2000, S&P 500, S&P 400 Mid Cap, NASDAQ Composite, MSCI EAFE, Nikkei 225, or MSCI Emerging Markets Indices and further allocates assets  among various sector mutual funds as well as bond or money market funds. The technical models vary in investment selection and trade frequency, with an average holding period of four to five months.  The Portfolio invests in Underlying Funds that invest in common stock or securities convertible into or exchangeable for common stock such as convertible preferred stock, convertible debentures, warrants, options and futures.  Some Underlying Funds may invest directly in long, medium, or short-term bonds, foreign bonds, and other fixed income securities with no minimum credit quality.  The adviser selects specific Underlying Funds for investment, in part, on their investment goals and strategies, their investment advisers and portfolio managers, their market exposure and volatility, and on the analysis of their past performance (absolute, relative and risk-adjusted).


Underlying Funds include high beta index funds, which are mutual funds and ETFs that typically track an equity or fixed income index by investing in leveraged instruments such as equity index swaps, futures contracts and options on securities, futures contracts, and stock indices.  HBIFs are more volatile than the benchmark index they track and typically don’t invest directly in the securities included in the benchmark, or in the same proportion that those securities are represented in that benchmark. HBIFs seek to provide investment results that will match a certain percentage greater than 100% of the performance of a specific benchmark on a daily basis. For example, if a HBIF’s current benchmark is 200% of the S&P 500 Index and it meets its objective, the value of the HBIF will tend to increase on a daily basis 200% of any increase in the underlying index (if the S&P 500 Index goes up 5% then the HBIF’s value should go up 10%). When the value of the underlying index declines, the value of the HBIF’s shares should also decrease on a daily basis by 200% of the value of any decrease in the underlying index (if the S&P 500 Index goes down 5% then the value of the HBIF should go down 10%). The Underlying Funds may also invest in alternative asset classes, such as real estate investment trusts (“REITs”), energy master limited partnerships (“MLPs”) and commodities or commodity-linked securities, including gold securities. Some of the Underlying Funds may focus on specific strategies, such as mergers/acquisitions targets, market neutral or long/short funds.


The adviser also considers other factors in the selection of Underlying Funds, such as fund size, liquidity, expense ratio, quality of shareholder service, reputation, tenure and relative performance of the portfolio managers, general composition of its investment portfolio and current and expected portfolio holdings. Some of the Underlying Funds in which the Portfolio invests may not share the same investment objective and investment limitations as the Portfolio. The Portfolio may invest its assets in Underlying Funds from different mutual funds families, managed using a variety of investment objectives and strategies.  Also, because the Portfolio may invest heavily in HBIFs and because the number of investment advisers offering a wide range of HBIFs is limited, the Portfolio may have a large percentage of its Underlying Fund assets managed by one investment adviser.  Under certain circumstances, the adviser may invest in Underlying Funds known as “inverse funds,” which are designed to produce results opposite to market trends.  Inverse funds seek daily investment results, before fees and expenses, which correspond to the inverse (opposite) of the daily performance of a specific benchmark.  



8






The Portfolio and each Underlying Fund may invest in foreign securities. Investments may include ETFs which invest primarily in foreign equity or fixed income securities, including emerging market ETFs and foreign bond funds. Some of the foreign Underlying Funds may invest primarily in a single country (such as Japan) while others may invest in certain regions (such as Europe). the Portfolio may invest in  ADRs that are traded on U.S. exchanges and represent an ownership interest in a foreign security. ADRs are generally issued by a U.S. bank or trust as a substitute for direct ownership of the foreign security.  The Portfolio typically will not invest more than 30% of its net assets directly in foreign securities.


Derivatives and Hedging Techniques: The Portfolio may invest directly in derivatives.  Additionally, the Underlying Funds in which the Portfolio invests may use derivative contracts, such as futures and options on securities, securities indices or currencies; options on these futures; forward currency contracts; and interest rate or currency swaps for any of the following purposes:


·

To hedge against the economic impact of adverse changes in the market value of its securities, because of changes in stock market prices, currency exchange rates or interest rates


·

As a substitute for buying or selling securities


·

As a cash flow management technique.


A derivative contract will obligate or entitle the Underlying Fund to deliver or receive an asset or cash payment based on the change in value of one or more securities, currencies or indices.


Principal Investment Risks:

 

·

Commodity Risk:  Because certain Underlying Funds may have a significant portion of their assets concentrated in or exposed to commodities and commodity-linked securities, developments affecting the commodities market may have a disproportionate impact on such Underlying Funds. An Underlying Fund’s investment in commodities or commodity-linked derivative instruments may subject the Underlying Funds (and, indirectly, the Portfolio) to greater volatility than investments in traditional securities, particularly if the instruments involve leverage. The value of commodities and commodity-linked derivative instruments may be affected by changes in overall market movements, commodity index volatility, changes in interest rates, or factors affecting a particular industry or commodity, such as drought, floods, weather, livestock disease, embargoes, tariffs and international economic, political and regulatory developments. Use of leveraged commodity-linked derivatives creates an opportunity for increased return but, at the same time, creates the possibility for greater loss (including the likelihood of greater volatility of the Portfolio’s net asset value), and there can be no assurance that the Underlying Fund’s use of leverage will be successful.


·

Credit Risk:  There is a risk that issuers will not make interest and or principal payments, resulting in losses to the Portfolio.  In addition, the credit quality of fixed income securities may be lowered if an issuer's financial condition changes or the issuer is likely to default.  Lower credit quality may lead to greater volatility in the price of a security and in shares of the Portfolio.  Lower credit quality also may affect liquidity and make it difficult to sell the security.  Default, or the market's perception that an issuer is likely to default, could reduce the value and liquidity of securities held by the Portfolio, thereby reducing the value of your investment in Portfolio shares.  In addition, default may cause the Portfolio to incur expenses, directly or indirectly, in seeking recovery of principal or interest on its portfolio holdings.  These risks are more pronounced for securities with lower credit quality, such as those rated below BBB- by Standard & Poor's Ratings Group or another credit rating agency.


9





·

Derivatives Risk:  The Portfolio may invest directly in derivatives.  Additionally, a significant amount of the Portfolio’s assets may be exposed to derivatives risk by virtue of the Portfolio’s investments in Underlying Funds, particularly HBIFs, which invest in derivatives.  Such derivatives include options, futures, options on futures (including those relating to stocks, indices, foreign currencies and interest rates), and swaps. A small investment in derivatives could have a potentially large impact on the Portfolio’s or the Underlying Fund's (collectively, the “Investing Funds”) performance. The use of derivatives involves risks different from, or possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in the underlying assets. Derivatives can be highly volatile, illiquid and difficult to value, and there is the risk that changes in the value of a derivative held by the Investing Fund will not correlate with other investments.  


o

Credit Risk:  When an Investing Fund uses derivatives; it is subject to the risk that the other party to the agreement will not be able to perform.


o

Hedging Effectiveness Risk:  When a derivative is used as a hedge against an opposite position that an Investing Fund also holds, any loss generated by the derivative should be substantially offset by gains on the hedged investment, and vice versa.  While hedging can reduce or eliminate losses, it can also reduce or eliminate gains.


o

Investment Strategy Risk:  When an Investing Fund uses derivatives as an investment vehicle to gain market exposure, rather than for hedging purposes, any loss on the derivative investment will not be offset by gains on another hedged investment.  The Portfolio is therefore either directly or indirectly exposed to the risks of that derivative.  Gains or losses from derivative investments may be substantially greater than the derivative’s original cost.


o

Leverage Risk:  An Investing Fund's trading in derivative instruments can result in large amounts of leverage.  Thus, the leverage offered by trading in derivative instruments may magnify the gains and losses experienced by the Investing Fund and could cause the Portfolio’s net asset value to be subject to wider fluctuations than would be the case if the Investing Fund did not use the leverage feature in derivative instruments.


o

Liquidity Risk: Derivative instruments, especially when traded in large amounts, may not be liquid in all circumstances, so that in volatile markets the Investing Fund may not be able to close out a position without incurring a loss.


o

Segregation Requirements Risk: As an open-end investment company registered with the SEC, the Portfolio (and the Underlying Funds, except for select ETFs that are not investment companies) are subject to the federal securities laws, usually including the 1940 Act, related rules, and various SEC and SEC staff positions.  In accordance with these positions, with respect to certain kinds of derivatives, the Investing Funds must “set aside” (referred to sometimes as “asset segregation”) liquid assets, or engage in other SEC-or staff-approved measures, while the derivatives contracts are open.  For example, with respect to forwards and futures contracts that are not contractually required to “cash-settle,” the Investing Funds must cover their open positions by setting aside liquid assets equal to the contracts’ full, notional value.  With respect to forwards and futures that are contractually required to “cash-settle,” however, the Investing Funds are permitted to set aside liquid assets in an amount equal to the Investing Fund’s daily marked-to-market (net) obligations, if any (i.e., the daily net liability, if any), rather than the notional value.  By setting aside assets equal to only its net obligations under cash-settled forward and futures contracts, the Investing Funds will have the ability to employ leverage to a greater extent than if the Investing Funds were required to segregate assets equal to the full notional value of such contracts.  


10



 


The use of leverage involves certain risks.  The Portfolio reserves the right to modify its asset segregation policies in the future to comply with any changes in the positions articulated from time to time by the SEC and its staff.


o

Tracking Risk: When used for hedging purposes, an imperfect or variable degree of correlation between price movements of the derivative instrument and the underlying investment sought to be hedged may prevent an Investing Fund from achieving the intended hedging effect or expose the Investing Fund to the risk of loss.


·

Equity Risk:  The net asset value of the Portfolio will fluctuate based on changes in the value of the equity securities held by the Portfolio or Underlying Funds that invest in U.S. and/or foreign equity securities.  Equity prices can fall rapidly in response to developments affecting a specific company or industry, or to changing economic, political or market conditions.


o

Growth Stock Risk:  Investors often expect growth companies to increase their earnings at a certain rate. If these expectations are not met, investors can punish the stocks inordinately, even if earnings do increase. In addition, growth stocks typically lack the dividend yield that can cushion stock prices in market downturns.

o

Small and Medium Issuer Risk: Investments in Underlying Funds that own small and medium capitalization companies and direct investments in individual small and medium capitalization companies may be more vulnerable than larger, more established organizations to adverse business or economic developments. In particular, small capitalization companies may have limited product lines, markets, and financial resources and may be dependent upon a relatively small management group. These securities may trade over-the-counter or listed on an exchange and may or may not pay dividends.


o

Stock Market Volatility Risk:  Stock markets are volatile and there is a risk that the price of a security will rise or fall due to changing economic, political or market conditions, as well as company-specific factors.  Consequently, the value of your investment in the Portfolio will go up and down, which means that you could lose money. The Portfolio’s investments in HBIFs may increase its exposure to stock market volatility.


o

Value Stock Risk:  Value stocks involve the risk that they may never reach what the investment adviser believes is their full market value, either because the market fails to recognize the stock's intrinsic worth or the adviser misgauged that worth. They also may decline in price, even though, in theory, they are already undervalued. Because different types of stocks tend to shift in and out of favor depending on market and economic conditions, the Portfolio's performance may sometimes be lower or higher than that of other types of funds (such as those emphasizing growth stocks).


·

ETN Risk. The value of an ETN may be influenced by time to maturity, level of supply and demand for the ETN, volatility and lack of liquidity in the underlying market, changes in the applicable interest rates, and changes in the issuer’s credit rating and economic, legal, political or geographic events that affect the referenced market. It is expected that the issuer’s credit rating will be investment grade at the time of investment, however, the credit rating may be revised or withdrawn at any time and there is no assurance that a credit rating will remain in effect for any given time period. If a rating agency lowers the issuer’s credit rating or there is a decline in the perceived creditworthiness of the issuer, the value of the ETN will decline as a lower credit rating reflects a greater risk that the issuer will default on its obligation to ETN investors. The Portfolio must pay an investor fee when investing in an ETN, which will reduce the amount of return on  investment at maturity or upon redemption. There may be restrictions on the Portfolio’s right to redeem its investment in an ETN, which is meant to be held until



11






maturity. There are no periodic interest payments for ETNs, and principal typically is not protected. As is the case with other ETPs, an investor could lose some of or the entire amount invested in ETNs. The Portfolio’s decision to sell its ETN holdings may be limited by the availability of a secondary market.



·

Fixed Income Risk:  The value of the Portfolio's investments in fixed income securities, whether held directly or through Underlying Funds, will fluctuate with changes in interest rates.  Typically, a rise in interest rates causes a decline in the value of fixed income securities owned by the Portfolio.  On the other hand, if rates fall, the value of the fixed income securities generally increases. Your investment will decline in value if the value of the Portfolio’s investments decreases. In addition, Underlying Funds may invest in high yield bonds sometimes referred to as “junk bonds.”  These bonds are speculative investments that carry greater risks and are more susceptible to real or perceived adverse economic and competitive industry conditions than higher quality fixed income securities.  Investments in foreign bond funds are subject to all the risks of fixed income, as well as risks of foreign exposure described below.


o

Default Risk: Investments in fixed income securities are subject to the risk that the issuer of the security could default on its obligations, causing the Portfolio to sustain losses on those investments.  A default could impact both interest and principal payments.  Default, or the market’s perception that an issuer is likely to default, could reduce the value and liquidity of securities held by the Portfolio, thereby reducing the value of your investment in Portfolio shares.  In addition, default may cause the Portfolio to incur expenses in seeking recovery of principal or interest on its portfolio holdings.


o

High Yield Bond Risk: Lower quality bonds, known as high yield bonds or “junk bonds,” present a significant risk for loss of principal and interest.  These bonds offer the potential for higher return, but also involve greater risk than bonds of higher quality, including an increased possibility that the bond’s issuer or guarantor may not be able to make its payments of interest and principal.  If that happens, the value of the bond may decrease, and the Portfolio’s share price may decrease and its income distribution may be reduced.  An economic downturn or period of rising interest rates could adversely affect the market for these bonds and reduce the Portfolio’s ability to sell its bonds.  The lack of a liquid market for these bonds could decrease the Portfolio’s share price.


o

Prepayment Risk: Certain types of pass-through securities, such as mortgage-backed securities, have yield and maturity characteristics corresponding to underlying assets. Unlike traditional debt securities, which may pay a fixed rate of interest until maturity when the entire principal amount comes due, payments on certain mortgage-backed securities include both interest and a partial payment of principal. Besides the scheduled repayment of principal, payments of principal may result from voluntary prepayment, refinancing, or foreclosure of the underlying mortgage loans. Other fixed income securities, such as corporate bonds, may also permit the issuer to voluntarily prepay the principal prior to its scheduled maturity date.  For example, when interest rates fall, principal will generally be paid off faster, since many corporations and homeowners will refinance their debt at lower rates.


·

Foreign Risk:  Foreign markets can be more volatile than the U.S. market due to increased risks of adverse issuer, political, regulatory, market, or economic developments and can perform differently from the U.S. market.  Special risks associated with direct investments in foreign companies, or investments in ETFs that invest primarily in foreign securities include exposure to currency fluctuations, less liquidity, less developed or less efficient trading markets, lack of comprehensive company information, political instability and differing auditing and legal standards.


 

12




·

Emerging Market Risk:  In addition to the risks generally associated with investing in securities of foreign companies, countries with emerging markets also may have relatively unstable governments, social and legal systems that do not protect shareholders, economies based on only a few industries, and securities markets that trade a small number of issues.


o

ADR Risk:  ADRs may be purchased by the Portfolio or by Underlying Funds through “sponsored” or “unsponsored” facilities. A sponsored facility is established jointly by the issuer of the underlying security and a depositary. A depositary may establish an

unsponsored facility without participation by the issuer of the deposited security. Holders of unsponsored ADRs generally bear all the costs of such facilities, and the depositary of an unsponsored facility frequently is under no obligation to distribute shareholder communications received from the issuer of the deposited security or to pass through voting rights to the holders of such receipts in respect of the deposited securities.


·

Issuer-Specific Risk: The price of an individual security or particular type of security can be more volatile than the market as a whole and can fluctuate differently than the market as a whole. An individual issuer’s securities can rise or fall dramatically with little or no warning based upon such things as a better (or worse) than expected earnings report, news about the development of a promising product or service, or the loss of key management personnel. There is also a risk that the price of a security may never reach the level that the adviser believes is representative of its full value or that it may even go down in price.


·

Management Risk:  The adviser's dependence on technical and fundamental models and judgments about the attractiveness, value and potential appreciation of particular asset classes, securities and Underlying Funds in which the Portfolio invests may prove to be incorrect and may not produce the desired results.  If the adviser’s assessment of a company’s potential is not correct, the securities in the Portfolio may decrease in value. The actively managed nature of the Portfolio increases this security selection risk.  Additionally, the value of the Portfolio’s shares, like company stock prices generally, will fluctuate within a wide range.  The ability of the Portfolio to meet its investment objective is directly related to the adviser’s allocation of the Portfolio’s assets using technical and fundamental models.  


·

MLP Risk:  The Underlying Funds’ investments in MLPs involve risks different from those of investing in common stock, including risks related to limited control and limited rights to vote on matters affecting the MLP, risks related to potential conflicts of interest between the MLP and the MLP’s general partner, cash flow risks, dilution risks and risks related to the general partner’s limited call right.  MLPs are generally considered interest-rate sensitive investments. During periods of interest rate volatility, these investments may not provide attractive returns. Depending on the state of interest rates in general, the use of MLPs could enhance or harm the overall performance of the Portfolio.

o

MLP Tax Risk.  MLPs, typically, do not pay U.S. federal income tax at the partnership level.  Instead, each partner is allocated a share of the partnership’s income, gains, losses, deductions and expenses.  A change in current tax law or in the underlying business mix of a given MLP could result in an MLP being treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes, which would result in such MLP being required to pay U.S. federal income tax on its taxable income.  The classification of an MLP as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes would have the effect of reducing the amount of cash available for distribution by the MLP.  Thus, if any of the MLPs owned by the Portfolio were treated as corporations for U.S. federal income tax purposes, it could result in a reduction of the value of your investment in the Portfolio and lower income, as compared to an MLP that is not taxed as a corporation.




13




 

·

Portfolio Turnover Risk: The frequency of the Portfolio’s transactions will vary from year to year. Increased portfolio turnover may result in higher brokerage commissions, dealer mark-ups and other transaction costs and may result in taxable capital gains. Higher costs associated with increased portfolio turnover may offset gains in the Portfolio’s performance.  The Portfolio’s portfolio turnover is expected to be over 100% annually, as the Portfolio is actively traded.


o

Tax Inefficiency Risk: The adviser expects that most of the gains generated by the Portfolio will be categorized as short-term capital gains which will be subject to higher tax rates than long-term capital gains.  Given the potential tax-inefficiency of the Portfolio, investors should consider investing through a tax-deferred account and carefully consider the tax consequences before investing.


·

REIT Risk: The Underlying Funds’ investments in REITs entail various risks. REIT share prices may decline because of adverse developments affecting the real estate industry and real property values. In general, real estate values can be affected by a variety of factors, including supply and demand for properties, the economic health of the country or of different regions, and the strength of specific industries that rent properties. REITs often invest in highly leveraged properties. Returns from REITs, which typically are small or medium capitalization stocks, may trail returns from the overall stock market.  In addition, changes in interest rates may hurt real estate values or make REIT shares less attractive than other income-producing investments. REITs are also subject to heavy cash flow dependency, defaults by borrowers and self-liquidation.  Qualification as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code") in any particular year is a complex analysis that depends on a number of factors. There can be no assurance that the entities in which the Underlying Funds invest with the expectation that they will be taxed as a REIT will qualify as a REIT. An entity that failed to qualify as a REIT would be subject to a corporate level tax, would not be entitled to a deduction for dividends paid to its shareholders and would not pass through to its shareholders the character of income earned by the entity.


·

Short Sale Risk:  The Portfolio may sell equity securities short if the adviser believes the value of the company's stock is likely to depreciate in value. A "short" sale is a transaction in which the Portfolio sells a security it does not own but has borrowed in anticipation that the market price of the security will decline. The Portfolio must replace the borrowed security by purchasing it at the market price at the time of replacement, which may be more or less than the price at which the Portfolio sold the security.  The Portfolio’s use of short sales involves additional investment risks and transaction costs.  While short sales can be used to further the Portfolio’s investment objectives, under certain market conditions they can increase volatility of the Portfolio and may lower the Portfolio’s return or result in losses.


·

Underlying Funds Risk:  The Portfolio invests in ETFs, mutual funds and closed-end investment companies.  As a result, your cost of investing in the Portfolio will be higher than the cost of investing directly in ETFs, mutual funds and closed-end investment companies and may be higher than other mutual funds that invest directly in stocks and bonds. You will indirectly bear fees and expenses charged by the Underlying Funds in addition to the Portfolio’s direct fees and expenses. When the Portfolio invests in Underlying Funds that use margin, leverage, short sales and other forms of financial derivatives, such as options and futures, an investment in the Portfolio may be more volatile than investments in other mutual funds.  Short sales are speculative investments and will cause the Portfolio to lose money if the value of a security sold short by the Portfolio, or an Underlying Fund in which the Portfolio invests, does not go down as the adviser expects.  Additional risks of investing in ETFs, mutual funds and closed-end investment companies, where noted, are described below:





14





o

ETF Tracking Risk:  Investment in the Portfolio should be made with the understanding that the ETFs in which the Portfolio invests will not be able to replicate exactly the performance of the indices they track because the total return generated by the

securities will be reduced by transaction costs incurred in adjusting the actual balance of the securities. In addition, the ETFs in which the Portfolio invests will incur expenses not incurred by their applicable indices. Certain securities comprising the indices tracked by the ETFs may, from time to time, temporarily be unavailable, which may further impede the ETFs' ability to track their applicable indices.


o

Expense Risk:  The Portfolio invests in Underlying Funds.  As a result, your cost of investing in the Portfolio will be higher than the cost of investing directly in ETF, mutual fund and closed-end investment company shares and may be higher than other mutual funds that invest directly in stocks and bonds. You will indirectly bear fees and expenses charged by the Underlying Funds in addition to the Portfolio’s direct fees and expenses.

o

Inverse Correlation Risk:  Underlying Funds that are inverse funds should lose value as the index or security tracked by such fund’s benchmark increases in value; a result that is the opposite from traditional mutual funds.  Successful use of inverse funds requires that the adviser correctly predict short term market movements.  If the Portfolio invests in an inverse fund and markets rise, the Portfolio could lose money.  Inverse funds may also employ leverage such that their returns are more than one times that of their benchmark.

o

Leveraging Risk: The use of leverage by the Underlying Funds, such as borrowing money to purchase securities, engaging in reverse repurchase agreements, lending portfolio securities and engaging in forward commitment transactions, will magnify the Underlying Fund's gains or losses. During periods in which an Underlying Fund is utilizing financial leverage, the fees which are payable to its adviser as a percentage of the Underlying Fund's assets may be higher than if the Underlying Fund did not use leverage, because the fees are calculated as a percentage of the Underlying Fund's assets, including those purchased with leveraging.

o

Management Risk:  When the Portfolio invests in Underlying Funds there is a risk that the investment advisers of those Underlying Funds may make investment decisions that are detrimental to the performance of the Portfolio.

o

Net Asset Value and Market Price Risk:  The market value of the ETF and closed-end shares may differ from their net asset value. This difference in price may be due to the fact that the supply and demand in the market for fund shares at any point in time is not always identical to the supply and demand in the market for the underlying basket of securities. Accordingly, there may be times when shares trade at a premium or discount to net asset value.

o

Mutual Fund Risk:  The strategy of investing in Underlying Funds that are mutual funds (which includes most ETFs) could affect the timing, amount and character of distributions to you and therefore may increase the amount of taxes you pay.  In addition, certain prohibitions on the acquisition of mutual fund shares by the Portfolio may prevent the Portfolio from allocating its investments in the manner the adviser considers optimal. The Portfolio intends to purchase mutual funds that are either no-load or waive the sales load for purchases made by the Portfolio.  The Portfolio will not purchase mutual funds that charge a sales load upon redemption, but the Portfolio may purchase mutual funds that have an early redemption fee similar to the 



15





Portfolio’s.  In the event that a mutual fund charges a redemption fee, then you will indirectly bear the expense by investing in the Portfolio.  Mutual funds whose shares are purchased by the Portfolio will be obligated to redeem shares held by the Portfolio only in an amount up to 1% of the mutual fund's outstanding shares during any period of less than 30 days. Shares held by the Portfolio in excess of 1% of a mutual fund's outstanding shares therefore, may be considered not readily marketable securities, which, together with other such securities, may not exceed 15% of the Portfolio's total assets.  This liquidity risk is reduced, however, as many of the mutual funds in which the Portfolio may invest have a policy of not taking advantage of this 1% threshold and, in fact, go so far as to encourage frequent purchases and redemptions of any size.  In addition, certain mutual funds have exemptive orders in place that allow the Portfolio to own up to 25% of the assets of said fund.  When the Portfolio focuses its investments in certain mutual funds, the Portfolio’s portfolio will have a risk profile for such investments that will correspond to that of such mutual funds and Management Risk, described above, increases proportionately.

o

Strategies Risk:  Each Underlying Fund is subject to specific risks, depending on the nature of the fund. These risks could include liquidity risk, sector risk, and foreign currency risk, as well as risks associated with fixed income securities and commodities.


Temporary Investments:  In response to market, economic, political or other conditions, the adviser may invest strategically and for defensive purposes to reduce risk.  The Portfolio may remain in defensive positions for extended periods of time based on the adviser’s assessment of market conditions.  With respect to the fundamental models, the Portfolio may on occasion establish short positions through short sales in equity securities when the adviser anticipates a decline in the market price of a security. With respect to the technical models, the Portfolio may invest in inverse funds when the market is expected to fall.  Inverse index funds seek to provide investment results that will match a certain percentage of the inverse of the performance of a specific benchmark on a daily basis.  For example, if a fund’s current benchmark is 100% of the inverse of the Russell 2000 Index and that fund meets its objective, the value of that fund will tend to increase on a daily basis when the value of the underlying index decreases (if the Russell 2000 Index goes down 5% then the fund’s value should go up 5%). When the value of the underlying index increases, the value of that fund’s shares tend to decrease on a daily basis (if the Russell 2000 Index goes up 5% then the fund’s value should go down 5%). Inverse funds are expected to be used very infrequently in only the strongest down-trending markets. Both the technical and fundamental proprietary models include risk-adjustment factors and the percentage of the Portfolio’s total assets invested in the models will fluctuate depending upon how the models identify the current market risk relative to reward. When the market risk is deemed high, a substantial position (up to 100%) may be invested in money market funds, cash or cash equivalents and can be invested in these instruments for extended periods. Furthermore, to the extent that the Portfolio invests in money market mutual funds for cash positions, there will be some duplication of expenses because the Portfolio pays its pro-rata portion of such money market funds’ advisory fees and operational fees.  Generally, temporary investments could affect the Portfolio's performance and its ability to achieve its investment objectives.


Portfolio Holdings Disclosure:  A description of the Portfolio's policies regarding the release of portfolio holdings information is available in the Portfolio's Statement of Additional Information.  




16





MANAGEMENT


Investment Adviser:  Critical Math Advisors, LLC, located at 3840 Quakerbridge Road, Suite 130, Hamilton, NJ 08619, serves as investment adviser to the Portfolio.  Subject to the authority of the Portfolio's Board of Trustees, the adviser is responsible for management of the Portfolio's investment portfolio.  The adviser is responsible for selecting the Portfolio's investments according to the Portfolio's investment objective, policies and restrictions.  The adviser was established in 2006.  As of December 31, 2013, the adviser and its affiliated advisory firms had total assets under management of approximately $52 million.


For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013, the adviser received annual advisory fees equal to 1.00% of the Portfolio's average daily net assets.  A discussion regarding the basis for the Board of Trustees’ renewal of the advisory agreement is available in the Portfolio's annual shareholder report dated December 31, 2013.


The adviser has contractually agreed to waive all or part of its management fees and/or to make payments to limit Portfolio expenses, other than extraordinary or non-recurring expenses, at least until April 30, 2015, so that the total annual operating expenses (exclusive of any front-end or contingent deferred loads, brokerage fees and commissions, acquired fund fees and expenses, fees and expenses associated with investments in other collective investment vehicles or derivative instruments (including for example options and swap fees and expenses), borrowing costs (such as interest and dividend expense on securities sold short), taxes, and extraordinary expenses, such as litigation expenses (which may include indemnification of Fund officers and Trustees, contractual indemnification of Fund service providers (other than the Adviser)) of the Portfolio do not exceed 2.49% of average daily net assets.  Waivers and expense payments may be recouped by the adviser from the Portfolio, to the extent that overall expenses fall below the specified limits, within three years of when the amounts were waived or recouped. Fee waiver and reimbursement arrangements can decrease the Portfolio’s expenses and thereby increase its net performance to shareholders.


In addition to investment advisory fees, the Portfolio pays other expenses including costs incurred in connection with the maintenance of its securities law registration, printing and mailing prospectuses and Statements of Additional Information to shareholders, certain financial accounting services, taxes or governmental fees, custodial, transfer and shareholder servicing agent costs, expenses of outside counsel and independent accountants, preparation of shareholder reports and expenses of trustee and shareholder meetings.


Investment Adviser Portfolio Managers:  Lewis Arno and Derek Bilcik are jointly and primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the Portfolio and have been managing the Portfolio since its inception and have worked together under the supervision of various brokerage firms for over fifteen years.  


Lewis Arno

Mr. Lewis Arno currently holds the titles of President, Managing Member and Investment Adviser Representative with the adviser, which he has held since 2006. Mr. Arno is responsible for the creation and ongoing maintenance of the adviser’s trading models. Mr. Arno is also the President of Financial Planning Analysts, Inc., a position he has held since May 1981, through which life insurance business is placed. He is also a Registered Representative of The Investment Center, Inc., a registered broker dealer, a position he has held since June 2007. Mr. Arno previously served as a Registered Representative for the following broker dealers: Brookstreet Securities Corporation (December 2006 to June 2007), Northern Lights Distributors, LLC (February 2006 to November 2006) and Summit Equities,



17




Inc. (July 1987 to February 2006). Mr. Arno had also served as an Investment Adviser Representative while he was with Summit Equities, Inc., an investment adviser and broker-dealer firm.  Mr. Arno began his career in financial services in 1967, serving as an investment adviser.  Mr. Arno started his financial planning business in 1974. In 1986, in addition to advanced estate planning, he began concentrating on money management, developing proprietary investment models and strategies designed to provide risk-averse returns. In 2003, Roger Schreiner’s Select Advisors, BTS Asset Management, Standard and Poor’s Investment Advisory LLC, and Rydex Global Advisors selected him as one of the top ten managers in the country.


Derek Bilcik

Mr. Derek Bilcik has worked with Mr. Arno since 1996 and currently holds the title of Senior Vice President and Chief Compliance Officer with the adviser, which he has held since 2006. Mr. Bilcik also currently holds the title of Investment Adviser Representative with the adviser, which he has held since 2007. Mr. Bilcik is responsible for system modeling and trading.  Mr. Bilcik is also an Associate of Financial Planning Analysts, Inc., a position he has held since February 1996, serving a support role for an insurance agent. He is also a Registered Representative of The Investment Center, Inc., a registered broker dealer, a position he has held since June 2007, serving as branch manager. From December 2006 to June 2007, Mr. Bilcik was a Registered Representative of Brookstreet Securities Corp., a registered broker-dealer. From February 1996 to December 2006, Mr. Bilcik served as an Associate of Summit Marketing, Inc., a firm that provided support services to Summit Equities, Inc.  Prior to joining Mr. Arno, Mr. Bilcik worked for an investment firm and hedge fund manager, Caxton Associates L.P.  Mr. Bilcik received his B.S. in Finance from Rutgers University in 1993.


The Portfolio's Statement of Additional Information provides additional information about the portfolio managers’ compensation structure, other accounts managed by the portfolio managers, and the portfolio managers' ownership of shares of the Portfolio.


HOW SHARES ARE PRICED


The public offering price and Net Asset Value ("NAV") of Portfolio shares are determined at 4:00 p.m. (Eastern time) on each day the New York Stock Exchange ("NYSE") is open for business.  NAV is computed by determining the aggregate market value of all assets of the Portfolio less its liabilities divided by the total number of the Portfolio's shares outstanding.  ((Assets minus liabilities)/number of shares=NAV).  The NYSE is closed on weekends and New Year's Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Presidents’ Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day.  The NAV takes into account the expenses and fees of the Portfolio, including investment advisory, administration, and distribution fees, which are accrued daily.  The determination of NAV of the Portfolio for a particular day is applicable to all applications for the purchase of shares, as well as all requests for the redemption of shares, received by the Portfolio (or an authorized broker or agent, or its authorized designee) before the close of trading on the NYSE on that day.  

Generally, securities are valued each day at the last quoted sales price on each security's principal exchange.  Securities traded or dealt in on one or more securities exchanges (whether domestic or foreign) for which market quotations are readily available and not subject to restrictions against resale shall be valued at the last quoted sales price on the primary exchange or, in the absence of a sale on the primary exchange, at the mean between the current bid and ask prices on such exchange. Securities primarily traded in the National Association of Securities Dealers' Automated Quotation System ("NASDAQ") National Market System for which market quotations are readily available shall be valued using the NASDAQ Official Closing Price.  If market quotations are not readily available, securities will be valued at their fair market value as determined using the “fair value” procedures



18





approved by the Board. Fair value pricing involves subjective judgments and it is possible that the fair value determined for a security may be materially different than the value that could be realized upon the sale of that security.  The fair value prices can differ from market prices when they become available or when a price becomes available. The Board has delegated execution of these procedures to a fair value team composed of one or more representatives from each of the (i) Trust, (ii) administrator, and (iii) adviser.  The team may also enlist third party consultants such as an audit firm or financial officer of a security issuer on an as-needed basis to assist in determining a security-specific fair value.  The Board reviews and ratifies the execution of this process and the resultant fair value prices at least quarterly to assure the process produces reliable results.


The Portfolio may use independent pricing services to assist in calculating the value of the Portfolio’s securities.  Although not part of the adviser’s principal investment strategy, since the Portfolio may invest in foreign securities that are primarily listed on foreign exchanges that may trade on weekends or other days when the Portfolio does not price its shares, the value of the Portfolio’s portfolio may change on days when you may not be able to buy or sell Portfolio shares.  In computing the NAV of the Portfolio, the adviser values foreign securities held by the Portfolio at the latest closing price on the exchange in which they are traded immediately prior to closing of the NYSE.  Prices of foreign securities quoted in foreign currencies are translated into U.S. dollars at current rates.  If events materially affecting the value of a security in the portfolio occur before the Portfolio prices its shares, the security will be valued at fair value.  For example, if trading in a portfolio security is halted and does not resume before the Portfolio calculates its NAV, the adviser may need to price the security using the Portfolio’s fair value pricing guidelines.  Without a fair value price, short-term traders could take advantage of the arbitrage opportunity and dilute the NAV of long-term investors. Fair valuation of the Portfolio's portfolio securities can serve to reduce arbitrage opportunities available to short-term traders, but there is no assurance that fair value pricing policies will prevent dilution of the Portfolio's NAV by short-term traders.


With respect to any portion of the Portfolio’s assets that are invested in one or more open-end management investment companies that are registered under the 1940 Act (mutual funds), the Portfolio’s net asset value is calculated based upon the net asset values of the mutual funds in which the Portfolio invests, and the prospectuses for these companies explain the circumstances under which those companies will use fair value pricing and the effects of using fair value pricing.


HOW TO PURCHASE AND REDEEM SHARES


As described earlier in this prospectus, shares of the Portfolio are intended to be sold to certain separate accounts of participating life insurance companies, as well as qualified pension and retirement plans and certain unregistered separate accounts.  You and other purchasers of variable annuity contracts will not own shares of the Portfolio directly. Rather, all shares will be held by the separate accounts for your benefit and the benefit of other purchasers of variable annuity contracts. All investments in the Portfolio are credited to the shareholder’s account in the form of full or fractional shares of the Portfolio. The Portfolio does not issue share certificates. Separate accounts may redeem shares to make benefit or surrender payments to you and other purchasers of variable annuity contracts or for other reasons described in the separate account prospectus that you received when you purchased your variable annuity contract. Redemptions are processed on any day on which the Portfolio is open for business.


 



19





 

When Order is Processed


Shares of the Portfolio are sold and redeemed at their current NAV per share without the imposition of any sales commission or redemption charge, although certain sales and other charges may apply to the policies or annuity contracts.  These charges are described in the applicable product prospectus. Requests to purchase and sell shares are processed at the NAV next calculated after the request is received by the participating life insurance companies, or qualified pension or retirement plan, in proper form.  All requests received in good order by the participating life insurance companies, or qualified pension or retirement plan before the close of regular trading on the NYSE (normally 4:00 p.m. Eastern Time) on each day the NYSE is open will be executed on that same day. Requests received after the close of regular trading on the NYSE, or on any day the NYSE is closed, will be processed on the next business day.  The insurance company or qualified pension or retirement plan is responsible for properly transmitting purchase orders and federal funds to the Portfolio.


The USA PATRIOT Act requires financial institutions, including the Portfolio, to adopt certain policies and programs to prevent money-laundering activities, including procedures to verify the identity of customers opening new accounts.  You will be required by your insurance company, or pension or retirement plan, to supply certain information, such as your full name, date of birth, social security number and permanent street address.  This information will assist them in verifying your identity.  As required by law, your insurance company, or pension or retirement plan may employ various procedures, such as comparing the information to fraud databases or requesting additional information or documentation from you, to ensure that the information supplied by you is correct.



TAX CONSEQUENCES


The Portfolio has qualified as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (“Code”).  As qualified, the Portfolio is not subject to federal income tax on that part of its taxable income that it distributes to the separate accounts. Taxable income consists generally of net investment income, and any capital gains. It is the Portfolio’s intention to distribute all such income and gains.

Generally, owners of variable insurance contracts are not taxed currently on income or gains realized with respect to such contracts. However, some distributions from such contracts may be taxable at ordinary income tax rates. In addition, distributions made to an owner who is younger than 59 1/2 may be subject to a 10% penalty tax. Investors should ask their own tax advisors for more information on their own tax situation, including possible state or local taxes.

Shares of the Portfolio are offered only to the separate accounts of the participating life insurance companies and their affiliates.  Separate accounts are insurance company separate accounts that fund the annuity contracts.  Under the Code, the insurance company pays no tax with respect to income of a qualifying separate account when the income is properly allocable to the value of eligible variable annuity contracts.  In order for shareholders to receive the favorable tax treatment available to holders of variable insurance contracts, the separate accounts, as well as the Portfolio, must meet certain diversification requirements. If the Portfolio does not meet such requirements, income allocable to the contracts would be taxable currently to the holders of such contracts.  The diversification requirements are discussed below.

Section 817(h) of the Code and the regulations thereunder impose “diversification” requirements on the Portfolio.  The Portfolio intends to comply with the diversification requirements.  These requirements are in addition to the diversification requirements imposed on the Portfolio by Subchapter M and the Investment Company Act of 1940.  The 817(h) requirements place certain limitations on the assets of each separate account that may be invested in securities of a single issuer.  Specifically, the



20




 

regulations provide that, except as permitted by “safe harbor” rules described below, as of the end of each calendar quarter or within 30 days thereafter, no more than 55% of a portfolio’s total assets may be represented by any one investment, no more than 70% by any two investments, no more than 80% by any three investments, and no more than 90% by any four investments.

Section 817(h) also provides, as a safe harbor, that a separate account will be treated as being adequately diversified if the diversification requirements under Subchapter M are satisfied and no more than 55% of the value of the account’s total assets is cash and cash items, government securities, and securities of other regulated investment companies.  For purposes of Section 817(h), all securities of the same issuer, all interests in the same real property, and all interests in the same commodity are treated as a single investment.  In addition, each U.S. government agency or instrumentality is treated as a separate issuer, while the securities of a particular foreign government and its agencies, instrumentalities, and political subdivisions all will be considered securities issued by the same issuer. If a Portfolio does not satisfy the Section 817(h) requirements, the separate accounts, the insurance company, the policies and the annuity contracts may be taxable. See the prospectuses for the policies and annuity contracts.

For a more complete discussion of the taxation of the life insurance companies and the separate accounts, as well as the tax treatment of the annuity contracts and the holders thereof, see the prospectus for the applicable annuity contract.

The foregoing is only a summary of some of the important federal income tax considerations generally affecting the Portfolio and you; see the Statement of Additional Information for a more detailed discussion. You are urged to consult your tax advisers.


DIVIDENDS AND DISTRIBUTIONS


All dividends are distributed to the separate accounts on an annual basis or more frequently and will be automatically reinvested in Portfolio shares unless an election is made on behalf of a separate account to receive some or all of the dividends in cash.  Dividends are not taxable as current income to you or other purchasers of variable insurance contracts.


FREQUENT PURCHASES AND REDEMPTION OF PORTFOLIO SHARES


The Portfolio discourages and does not accommodate market timing.  Frequent trading into and out of the Portfolio can harm all Portfolio shareholders by disrupting the Portfolio’s investment strategies, increasing Portfolio expenses, decreasing tax efficiency and diluting the value of shares held by long-term shareholders.  If the Portfolio invests in Underlying Funds that hold foreign securities, it is at greater risk of market timing because the Underlying Fund holding foreign securities may, itself, be subject to time zone market timing because of differences between hours of trading between U.S. and foreign exchanges.  The Portfolio is designed for long-term investors and is not intended for market timing or other disruptive trading activities.  Accordingly, the Portfolio's Board has approved policies that seek to curb these disruptive activities while recognizing that shareholders may have a legitimate need to adjust their Portfolio investments as their financial needs or circumstances change.  


The Portfolio reserves the right to reject or restrict purchase or exchange requests for any reason, particularly when a shareholder's trading activity suggests that the shareholder may be engaged in market timing or other disruptive trading activities.  Neither the Portfolio nor the adviser will be liable for any losses resulting from rejected purchase or exchange orders.  The adviser may also bar an investor who has violated these policies (and the investor's financial adviser) from opening new accounts with the Portfolio.  



21





Because purchase and sale transactions are submitted to the Portfolio on an aggregated basis by the insurance company issuing the variable insurance contract or variable life contract, the Portfolio is not able to identify market timing transactions by individual variable insurance contract holders.  Short ofrejecting all transactions made by a separate account, the Portfolio lacks the ability to reject individual short-term trading transactions.  The Portfolio, therefore, has to rely upon the insurance company to police restrictions in the variable insurance contracts or according to the insurance company’s administrative policies.  The Portfolio has entered into an information sharing agreement with the insurance company that uses the Portfolio as an underlying investment vehicle for its separate accounts.  Under this agreement, the insurance company is obligated to (i) adopt and enforce during the term of the agreement a market timing policy, the terms of which are acceptable to the Portfolio; (ii) furnish the Portfolio, upon its request, with information regarding contract or policy holder trading activities in shares of the Portfolio, and (iii) enforce its market timing policy with respect to contract or policy holders identified by the Portfolio as having engaged in market timing.


The Portfolio will seek to monitor for market timing activities, such as unusual cash flows, and work with the applicable insurance company to determine whether or not short-term trading is involved. When information regarding transactions in the Portfolio’s shares is requested by the Portfolio and such information is in the possession of a person that is itself a financial intermediary to the insurance company (an “indirect intermediary”), the insurance company is obligated to obtain transaction information from the indirect intermediary or, if  directed by the Portfolio, to restrict or prohibit the indirect intermediary from purchasing shares of the Portfolio on behalf of the contract or policy older or any other persons.   The Portfolio will seek to apply these policies as uniformly as practicable.  It is, however, more difficult to locate and eliminate individual market timers in the separate accounts because information about trading is received on a delayed basis and there can be no assurances that the Portfolio will be able to do so. In addition, the right of an owner of a variable insurance product to transfer among sub-accounts is governed by a contract between the insurance company and the owner.  Many of these contracts do not limit the number of transfers that a contract owner may make among the available investment options.  The terms of these contracts, the presence of financial intermediaries (including the insurance company) between the Portfolio and the contract and policy holders and other factors such as state insurance laws may limit the Portfolio’s ability to deter market timing.  Multiple tiers of such financial intermediaries may further compound the Portfolio’s difficulty in deterring such market timing activities.  Variable insurance contract holders should consult the prospectus for their variable insurance contract for additional information on contract level restrictions relating to market timing.


DISTRIBUTION OF SHARES


Distributor:  Northern Lights Distributors, LLC, 17605 Wright Street, Omaha, Nebraska 68130, is the distributor for the shares of the Portfolio.  Northern Lights Distributors, LLC is a registered broker-dealer and member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. ("FINRA").  Shares of the Portfolio are offered on a continuous basis.


Distribution Fees:  The Trust, with respect to the Portfolio, has adopted the Trust’s Master  Distribution and Shareholder Servicing Plan (the “Plan”) pursuant to Rule 12b-1 of the 1940 Act, which allows the Portfolio to pay the Portfolio’s distributor an annual fee for distribution and shareholder servicing expenses of up to 1.00% of the Portfolio’s average daily net assets attributable to the Portfolio.  Currently, the Board has authorized the Portfolio to pay up to 0.50%.  Shareholders will receive advance written notice of any increase. A portion of the fee payable pursuant to the Plan, equal to 0.25% of the average daily net assets, is currently characterized as a service fee as such term is defined under Rule 2830 of the FINRA Conduct Rules. A service fee is a payment made for personal service and/or the maintenance of shareholder accounts.



22


 


The Portfolio’s distributor and other entities are paid under the Plan for services provided and the expenses borne by the distributor and others in the distribution of Portfolio shares, including the payment of commissions for sales of the shares and incentive compensation to and expenses of dealers and others who engage in or support distribution of shares or who service shareholder accounts, including overhead and telephone expenses; printing and distribution of prospectuses and reports used in connection with the offering of the Portfolio’s shares to other than current shareholders; and preparation, printing and distribution of sales literature and advertising materials.  In addition, the distributor or other entities may utilize fees paid pursuant to the Plan to compensate dealers or other entities for their opportunity costs in advancing such amounts, which compensation would be in the form of a carrying charge on any un-reimbursed expenses.


You should be aware that if you hold your shares for a substantial period of time, you may indirectly pay more than the economic equivalent of the maximum front-end sales charge allowed by FINRA due to the recurring nature of distribution (12b-1) fees.


Additional Compensation to Financial Intermediaries:  The Portfolio's distributor, its affiliates, and the Portfolio's adviser may each, at its own expense and out of its own legitimate profits, provide additional cash payments to financial intermediaries who sell shares of the Portfolio.  Financial intermediaries include brokers, financial planners, banks, insurance companies, retirement or 401(k) plan administrators and others.  These payments may be in addition to the Rule 12b-1 fees and any sales charges that are disclosed elsewhere in this Prospectus.  These payments are generally made to financial intermediaries that provide shareholder or administrative services, or marketing support.  Marketing support may include access to sales meetings, sales representatives and financial intermediary management representatives, inclusion of the Portfolio on a sales list, including a preferred or select sales list, or other sales programs.  These payments also may be made as an expense reimbursement in cases where the financial intermediary provides shareholder services to Portfolio shareholders.  The distributor may, from time to time, provide promotional incentives, including reallowance and/or payment of up to the entire sales charge, to certain investment firms.  Such incentives may, at the distributor's discretion, be limited to investment firms who allow their individual selling representatives to participate in such additional commissions.

Householding:  To reduce expenses, we mail only one copy of the prospectus and each annual and semi-annual report to those addresses shared by two or more accounts. If you wish to receive individual copies of these documents, please call the Portfolio at 1-866-263-9260 between the hours of 8:30 a.m. and 7:00 p.m. Eastern time on days the Portfolio is open for business or contact your financial institution. We will begin sending you individual copies thirty days after receiving your request.


24





 

VOTING AND MEETINGS


The participating insurance company that issued your variable contract will solicit voting instructions from you and other purchasers of variable annuity contracts with respect to any matters that are presented to a vote of shareholders.  The insurance company may be required to vote on a proportional basis, which means that for shares outstanding for which it receives no instructions, the insurance company will vote those shares in the same proportion as the shares for which it did receive instructions (either for or against a proposal).  To the extent the insurance company is required to vote the total Portfolio shares held in its separate accounts on a proportional basis, it is possible that a small number of variable insurance contract owners would be able to determine the outcome of a matter.  The Trust may consist of more than one portfolio.  Each portfolio will vote separately on matters relating solely to that portfolio or which affects that portfolio differently. However, all shareholders will have equal voting rights on matters that affect all portfolios equally. Shareholders shall be entitled to one vote for each share held.


The Trust does not hold annual meetings of shareholders but may hold special meetings.  Special meetings are held, for example, to elect or remove Trustees, change a Portfolio’s fundamental investment policies, or approve an investment advisory contract.  Unless required otherwise by applicable laws, one third of the outstanding shares of the Trust constitute a quorum (or one third of a portfolio or class if the matter relates only to the portfolio or class).


23



FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS


The financial highlights table is intended to help you understand the Portfolio's financial performance for the period of the Portfolio's operations.  Certain information reflects financial results for a single Portfolio share.  The total returns in the table represent the rate that an investor would have earned (or lost) on an investment in the Portfolio (assuming reinvestment of all dividends and distributions).  This information for the Portfolio has been derived from the financial statements audited by BBD, LLP, whose report, along with the Portfolio's financial statements, are included in the Portfolio's December 31, 2013 annual report, which is available upon request.


Per Share Data and Ratios for a Share of Beneficial Interest Outstanding Throughout Each Year






For the Year Ended

 December 31, 2013

 

For the Year Ended

December 31, 2012

 

For the Year Ended

December 31, 2011

 

For the Year Ended

December 31, 2010

 

For the Year Ended

December 31, 2009

 

 

Net asset value, beginning of year

$9.85

 

$10.78

 

$11.19

 

$9.55

 

$7.91

 

 

Activity from investment operations:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net investment income (loss) (1,2)

(0.11)

 

0.01

 

0.06

 

(0.05)

 

(0.01)

 

 

Net realized and unrealized gain  (loss) on investments

0.66

 

(0.76)

 

(0.47)

 

1.69

 

1.65

 

 

Total from investment operations

0.55

 

(0.75)

 

(0.41)

 

1.64

 

1.64

 

 

Less distributions from:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

    Net Investment Income

(0.01)

 

(0.07)

 

-

 

-

 

-

 

 

Net realized gains

-

 

(0.11)

 

-

 

-

 

-

 

 

Total distributions

(0.01)

 

(0.18)

 

-

 

-

 

-

 

 

Net asset value, end of year

$10.39

 

$9.85

 

$10.78

 

$11.19

 

$9.55

 

 

Total return (3)

5.59%

 

(6.93)%

 

(3.66)%

 

17.17%

 

20.73%

 

 

Net assets, end of year (000s)

$17,007

 

$21,933

 

$36,816

 

$24,826

 

$14,987

 

 

Ratio of  gross expenses to average net assets (4,5)

2.21%

 

1.96%

 

1.92%

 

2.15%

 

2.40%

 

 

Ratio of net expenses to average net assets (4)

2.21%

 

1.96%

 

1.91%

 

2.12%

 

2.39%

 

 

Ratio of net investment income (loss) to average net assets(2,4)

(1.09%)

 

0.06%

 

0.51%

 

(0.48)%

 

(0.16%)

 

 

Portfolio Turnover Rate

173%

 

343%

 

243%

 

208%

 

203%

 

 

                     
_____________________________

1)

Per share amounts calculated using the average shares method, which appropriately presents the per share data for the year.

2)

Recognition of net investment income by the Portfolio is affected by the timing of the declaration of the dividends by the underlying investment companies in which the Portfolio invests.

3)

Total returns are historical in nature and assume changes in share price, reinvestment of dividends and capital gains distributions, if any.  Had the Adviser or affiliates not waived a portion of its fees for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2010 and 2011, total returns would have been lower.

4)

The ratios of expenses to average net assets and net investment income (loss) to average net assets do not reflect the expenses of the underlying investment companies in which the Portfolio invests.

5)

Represents the ratio of expenses to average net assets absent fee waivers and/or expense reimbursements by the Advisor and affiliates for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2010 and 2011.

 



25




PRIVACY NOTICE

Rev. February 2014

 

 

FACTS

WHAT DOES NORTHERN LIGHTS VARIABLE TRUST DO WITH YOUR PERSONAL INFORMATION?


 

 

Why?

Financial companies choose how they share your personal information.  Federal law gives consumers the right to limit some, but not all sharing.  Federal law also requires us to tell you how we collect, share, and protect your personal information.  Please read this notice carefully to understand what we do.


 

 

What?

The types of personal information we collect and share depends on the product or service that you have with us. This information can include:

·

Social Security number and wire transfer instructions

·

account transactions and transaction history

·

investment experience and purchase history

When you are no longer our customer, we continue to share your information as described in this notice.


 

 

How?

All financial companies need to share customers' personal information to run their everyday business.  In the section below, we list the reasons financial companies can share their customers' personal information; the reasons Northern Lights Variable Trust chooses to share; and whether you can limit this sharing.


 

 

 

Reasons we can share your personal information:

Does Northern Lights Variable Trust share information?

Can you limit this sharing?

For our everyday business purposes - such as to process your transactions, maintain your account(s), respond to court orders and legal investigations, or report to credit bureaus.

YES

NO

For our marketing purposes - to offer our products and services to you.

NO

We don't share

For joint marketing with other financial companies.

NO

We don't share

For our affiliates' everyday business purposes - information about your transactions and records.

NO

We don't share

For our affiliates' everyday business purposes - information about your credit worthiness.

NO

We don't share

For nonaffiliates to market to you

NO

We don't share


 

 

QUESTIONS?   

Call 1-402-493-4603



26





 

 

What we do :


How does Northern Lights Variable Trust protect my personal information?

To protect your personal information from unauthorized access and use, we use security measures that comply with federal law.  These measures include computer safeguards and secured files and buildings.


Our service providers are held accountable for adhering to strict policies and procedures to prevent any misuse of your nonpublic personal information.


How does Northern Lights Variable Trust collect my personal information?

We collect your personal information, for example, when you

· open an account or deposit money

· direct us to buy securities or direct us to sell your securities

· seek advice about your investments


We also collect your personal information from others, such as credit bureaus, affiliates, or other companies.


Why can't I limit all sharing?

Federal law gives you the right to limit only:

· sharing for affiliates' everyday business purposes information about your creditworthiness.

· affiliates from using your information to market to you.

· sharing for nonaffiliates to market to you.


State laws and individual companies may give you additional rights to limit sharing.


 

 

Definitions

Affiliates

Companies related by common ownership or control.  They can be financial and nonfinancial companies.

· Northern Lights Variable Trust does not share with its affiliates.

Nonaffiliates

Companies not related by common ownership or control.  They can be financial and nonfinancial companies.

· Northern Lights Variable Trust does not share with nonaffiliates so they can market to you.

Joint marketing

A formal agreement between nonaffiliated financial companies that together market financial products or services to you.

· Northern Lights Variable Trust doesnt jointly market.



27




ADAPTIVE ALLOCATION PORTFOLIO


Adviser

Critical Math Advisors, LLC
3840 Quakerbridge Road, Suite 130

Hamilton, NJ 08619

Distributor

Northern Lights Distributors, LLC

17605 Wright Street

Omaha, NE  68130

Custodian

First National Bank of Omaha

1620 Dodge Street

Omaha, NE 68197

Legal Counsel

Thompson Hine LLP

41 South High Street, Suite 1700

Columbus, OH 43215

Transfer Agent

Gemini Fund Services, LLC
17605 Wright Street, Suite 2

Omaha, NE  68130

Independent

Registered Public Accounting Firm

BBD, LLP

1835 Market Street, 26th Floor

Philadelphia, PA 19103


Additional information about the Portfolio is included in the Portfolio's Statement of Additional Information dated May 1, 2014 (the “SAI”).  The SAI is incorporated into this Prospectus by reference (i.e., legally made a part of this Prospectus).  The SAI provides more details about the Trust’s policies and management. Additional information about the Portfolio’s investments will also be available in the Portfolio's Annual and Semi-Annual Reports to Shareholders.  In the Portfolio’s Annual Report, you will find a discussion of the market conditions and investment strategies that significantly affected the Portfolio’s performance during its last fiscal year.


To obtain a free copy of the SAI and the Annual and Semi-Annual Reports to Shareholders, or other information about the Portfolio, or to make shareholder inquiries about the Portfolio, please call 1-866-263-9260 or visit www.unusualfund.com.  You may also write to:


Adaptive Allocation Portfolio  

c/o Gemini Fund Services, LLC

17605 Wright Street, Suite 2

Omaha, Nebraska 68130


You may review and obtain copies of the Portfolio’s information at the SEC Public Reference Room in Washington, D.C.  Please call 1-202-551-8090 for information relating to the operation of the Public Reference Room.  Reports and other information about the Portfolio are available on the EDGAR Database on the SEC’s Internet site at http://www.sec.gov.  Copies of the information may be obtained, after paying a duplicating fee, by electronic request at the following E-mail address: publicinfo@sec.gov, or by writing the Public Reference Section, Securities and Exchange Commission, Washington, D.C. 20549-0102.





Investment Company Act File # 811-21853









 ADAPTIVE ALLOCATION PORTFOLIO


A Series of Northern Lights Variable Trust


 

 STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

 

May 1, 2014


This Statement of Additional Information is not a Prospectus and should be read in conjunction with the Prospectus of Adaptive Allocation Portfolio dated May 1, 2014, and the Annual Report to Shareholders of Adaptive Allocation Portfolio dated December 31, 2013.  Copies of these documents may be obtained without charge by contacting the Portfolio’s Transfer Agent, Gemini Fund Services, LLC, 17605 Wright Street, Suite 2, Omaha, Nebraska 68130 or by calling 1-866-263-9260.


TABLE OF CONTENTS


THE PORTFOLIO


TYPES OF INVESTMENTS


INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS


POLICIES AND PROCEDURES FOR DISCLOSURE OF PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS


MANAGEMENT


CONTROL PERSONS AND PRINCIPAL HOLDERS


INVESTMENT ADVISER


THE DISTRIBUTOR


PORTFOLIO MANAGERS


ALLOCATION OF PORTFOLIO BROKERAGE


PORTFOLIO TURNOVER


OTHER SERVICE PROVIDERS


DESCRIPTION OF SHARES


ANTI- MONEY LAUNDERING PROGRAM


PURCHASE, REDEMPTION AND PRICING OF SHARES


TAX STATUS


INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM


LEGAL COUNSEL


FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


APPENDIX A – DESCRIPTION OF BOND RATINGS


APPENDIX B – PROXY AND CORPORATE ACTION VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES




1






THE PORTFOLIO



The Adaptive Allocation Portfolio (the “Portfolio”) is a series of Northern Lights Variable Trust, a Delaware statutory trust organized on November 23, 2005 (the “Trust”). The Trust is registered as an open-end management investment company.  The Trust is governed by its Board of Trustees (the “Board” or “Trustees”). The Portfolio may issue an unlimited number of shares of beneficial interest.  All shares of the Portfolio have equal rights and privileges.  Each share of the Portfolio is entitled to one vote on all matters as to which shares are entitled to vote.  In addition, each share of the Portfolio is entitled to participate equally with other shares (i) in dividends and distributions declared by the Portfolio and (ii) on liquidation to its proportionate share of the assets remaining after satisfaction of outstanding liabilities.  Shares of the Portfolio are fully paid, non-assessable and fully transferable when issued and have no pre-emptive, conversion or exchange rights.  Fractional shares have proportionately the same rights, including voting rights, as are provided for a full share.


The Portfolio is a diversified series of the Trust.  The Portfolio’s investment objective, restrictions and policies are more fully described here and in the Prospectus.  The Board may start other series and offer shares of a new fund under the Trust at any time.


Under the Trust’s Agreement and Declaration of Trust, each Trustee will continue in office until the termination of the Trust or his/her earlier death, incapacity, resignation or removal.  Shareholders can remove a Trustee to the extent provided by the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”) and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.  Vacancies may be filled by a majority of the remaining Trustees, except insofar as the 1940 Act may require the election by shareholders.  As a result, normally no annual or regular meetings of shareholders will be held unless matters arise requiring a vote of shareholders under the Agreement and Declaration of Trust or the 1940 Act.   


The Portfolio’s shares are only offered on a continuous basis to insurance companies that offer variable annuity insurance contracts (“Contracts”).  In the future, the Portfolio’s shares may also be offered to flexible premium variable life insurance policies, certain qualified pension and retirement plans (“Qualified Plans”), separate accounts that are not registered as investment companies (“Unregistered Separate Accounts”) and other persons permitted to hold shares of the Trust pursuant to Treasury Regulation 1.817-5.

The Portfolio does not foresee any disadvantage to purchasers of Contracts arising out of these arrangements.  Nevertheless, differences in treatment under tax and other laws, as well as other considerations, could cause the interests of purchasers of various Contracts and/or Qualified Plans to conflict.  For example, violation of the federal tax laws by one separate account investing in the Portfolio could cause the Contracts funded through another separate account to lose their tax-deferred status, unless remedial action is taken.  If a material, irreconcilable conflict arises between separate accounts, a separate account may be



2






required to withdraw its participation in the Portfolio.  If it becomes necessary for any separate account to replace shares of the Portfolio with another investment, the Portfolio may have to liquidate securities on a disadvantageous basis.

For a description of the methods used to determine the share price and value of the Portfolio’s assets, see “Net Asset Value” in the Portfolio’s Prospectus and “Purchase, Redemption and Pricing of Shares” in this Statement of Additional Information.

 

TYPES OF INVESTMENTS



The investment objective of the Portfolio and a description of its principal investment strategies are set forth under “Investment Objective, Principal Investment Strategies and Risks” in the Prospectus.  The Portfolio’s investment objective is not fundamental and may be changed without the approval of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Trust.


The following pages contain more detailed information about the types of instruments in which the Portfolio may invest, strategies that Critical Math Advisors, LLC (the “Adviser”) may employ in pursuit of the Portfolio’s investment objective and a summary of related risks. The Portfolio will make only those investments described below that are in accordance with its investment objective and policies.  The Portfolio may invest in the following instruments either directly, or through its investments in other investment companies and exchange traded funds (the “Underlying Funds”).   The Adviser may not buy all of these instruments or use all of these techniques unless it believes that doing so will help the Portfolio achieve its investment objective.


CLOSED-END INVESTMENT COMPANIES. The Portfolio may invest its assets in “closed-end” investment companies (or “closed-end funds”), subject to the investment restrictions set forth below. The Portfolio, together with any company or companies controlled by the Portfolio, and any other investment companies having the Adviser as an investment adviser, may purchase in the aggregate only up to 3% of the total outstanding voting stock of any closed-end fund. Shares of closed-end funds are typically offered to the public in a one-time initial public offering by a group of underwriters who retain a spread or underwriting commission of between 4% or 6% of the initial public offering price. Such securities are then listed for trading on the New York Stock Exchange, the American Stock Exchange, the National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotation System (commonly known as “NASDAQ”) and, in some cases, may be traded in other over-the-counter markets. Because the shares of closed-end funds cannot be redeemed upon demand to the issuer like the shares of an open-end investment company (such as the Portfolio), investors buy and sell shares of closed-end funds in the secondary market.





3






The Portfolio generally will purchase shares of closed-end funds only in the secondary market. The Portfolio will incur normal brokerage costs on such purchases similar to the expenses the Portfolio would incur for the purchase of securities of any other type of issuer in the secondary market. The Portfolio may, however, also purchase securities of a closed-end fund in an initial public offering when, in the opinion of the Adviser, based on a consideration of the nature of the closed-end fund’s proposed investments, the prevailing market conditions and the level of demand for such securities, they represent an attractive opportunity for growth of capital. The initial offering price typically will include a dealer spread, which may be higher than the applicable brokerage cost if the Portfolio purchased such securities in the secondary market.


The shares of many closed-end funds, after their initial public offering, frequently trade at a price per share, which is less than the net asset value per share, the difference representing the “market discount” of such shares. This market discount may be due in part to the investment objective of long-term appreciation, which is sought by many closed-end funds, as well as to the fact that the shares of closed-end funds are not redeemable by the holder upon demand to the issuer at the next determined net asset value but rather are subject to the principles of supply and demand in the secondary market. A relative lack of secondary market purchasers of closed-end fund shares also may contribute to such shares trading at a discount to their net asset value.


The Portfolio may invest in shares of closed-end funds that are trading at a discount to net asset value or at a premium to net asset value. There can be no assurance that the market discount on shares of any closed-end fund purchased by the Portfolio will ever decrease. In fact, it is possible that this market discount may increase and the Portfolio may suffer realized or unrealized capital losses due to further decline in the market price of the securities of such closed-end funds, thereby adversely affecting the net asset value of the Portfolio’s shares. Similarly, there can be no assurance that any shares of a closed-end fund purchased by the Portfolio at a premium will continue to trade at a premium or that the premium will not decrease subsequent to a purchase of such shares by the Portfolio.


Closed-end funds may issue senior securities (including preferred stock and debt obligations) for the purpose of leveraging the closed-end fund’s common shares in an attempt to enhance the current return to such closed-end fund’s common shareholders. The Portfolio’s investment in the common shares of closed-end funds that are financially leveraged may create an opportunity for greater total return on its investment, but at the same time may be expected to exhibit more volatility in market price and net asset value than an investment in shares of investment companies without a leveraged capital structure.


COMMERCIAL PAPER. The Portfolio may purchase commercial paper. Commercial paper consists of short-term (usually from 1 to 270 days) unsecured promissory notes issued by corporations in order to finance their current operations.




4






EXCHANGE TRADED FUNDS (“ETFs”). ETFs are funds that track their related index and have the flexibility of trading like a security. They are established by professionals and provide the investor with diversification, cost and tax efficiency, liquidity, marginability, are useful for hedging, have the ability to go long and short, and some provide quarterly dividends. Additionally, some ETFs are unit investment trusts (“UITs”) that have two markets. The primary market is where institutions swap “creation units” in block-multiples of 50,000 shares for in-kind securities and cash in the form of dividends. The secondary market is where individual investors can trade as little as a single share during trading hours on the exchange. This is different from open-ended mutual funds that are traded after hours once the net asset value (NAV) is calculated. ETFs have many similar risks with open-end and closed-end funds as discussed in the following paragraphs.


EXCHANGE TRADED NOTES. The Portfolio may invest in exchange-traded notes ("ETNs"), which are a type of debt security that is typically unsecured and unsubordinated.  This type of debt security differs from other types of bonds and notes because ETN returns are based upon the performance of a market index minus applicable fees, and typically, no periodic coupon payments are distributed and no principal protections exists, even at maturity.  But as debt securities, ETNs do not own the underlying commodity or other index they are tracking.  The purpose of ETNs is to create a type of security that combines both the aspects of bonds and exchange-traded funds ("ETFs").  Similar to ETFs, ETNs are traded on a major exchange, such as the New York Stock Exchange during normal trading hours. However, investors such as the Portfolio can also hold the debt security until maturity. At that time, the issuer will pay the investor a cash amount that would be equal to principal amount times the return of a benchmark index, less any fees or other reductions.  Because fees reduce the amount of return at maturity or upon redemption, if the value of the underlying decreases or does not increase significantly, the Portfolio may receive less than the principal amount of investment at maturity or upon redemption.


COMMON AND PREFERRED STOCKS.  Stocks represent shares of ownership in a company.  Generally, preferred stock has a specified dividend and ranks after bonds and before common stock in its claim on income for dividend payments and on assets should the company be liquidated.  After other claims are satisfied, common stockholders participate in company profits on a pro-rata basis; profits may be paid out in dividends or reinvested in the company to help it grow.  Increases and decrease in earnings are usually reflected in a company’s stock price, so common stocks generally have the greatest appreciation and depreciation potential of all corporate securities.  While most preferred stocks pay a dividend, the Portfolio may purchase preferred stock where the issuer has omitted, or is in danger of omitting, payment of its dividend.  Such investments would be made primarily for their capital appreciation potential.  The Portfolio may purchase trust preferred securities which are preferred stocks issued by a special purpose trust subsidiary backed by subordinated debt of the corporate parent.  These securities typically bear a market rate coupon comparable to interest rates available on debt of a similarly rated company.  Holders of the trust preferred securities have limited voting



5






rights to control the activities of the trust and no voting rights with respect to the parent company.


DEPOSITARY RECEIPTS.  The Portfolio may invest in the securities of foreign issuers in the form of American Depositary Receipts and American Depositary Shares (collectively, “ADRs”), Global Depositary Receipts and Global Depositary Shares (collectively, “GDRs”) and other forms of depositary receipts.  These securities may not necessarily be denominated in the same currency as the securities into which they may be converted.  ADRs are receipts typically issued by a United States bank or trust company which evidence ownership of underlying securities issued by a foreign corporation. GDRs are receipts issued outside the United States typically by non-United States banks and trust companies that evidence ownership of either foreign or domestic securities.  Generally, ADRs in registered form are designed for use in the United States securities markets and GDRs in bearer form are designed for use outside the United States.


These securities may be purchased through “sponsored” or “unsponsored” facilities.  A sponsored facility is established jointly by the issuer of the underlying security and a depositary.  A depositary may establish an unsponsored facility without participation by the issuer of the deposited security.  Holders of unsponsored depositary receipts generally bear all the costs of such facilities and the depositary of an unsponsored facility frequently is under no obligation to distribute shareholder communications received from the issuer of the deposited security or to pass through voting  rights to the holders of such receipts in respect of the deposited securities.


FOREIGN GOVERNMENT OBLIGATIONS; SECURITIES OF SUPRANATIONAL ENTITIES.  The Portfolio may invest in obligations issued or guaranteed by one or more foreign governments or any of their political subdivisions, agencies or instrumentalities that the Adviser determines to be of comparable quality to the other obligations in which the Portfolio may invest.  Such securities also include debt obligations of supranational entities.  Supranational entities include international organizations designated or supported by governmental entities to promote economic reconstruction or development and international banking institutions and related government agencies.  Examples include but are not limited to the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (the World Bank), the European Coal and Steel Community, the Asian Development Bank and the InterAmerican Development Bank.


FOREIGN INVESTMENTS. The Portfolio may invest in Underlying Funds which invest primarily in equity or fixed income securities of foreign issuers that are not publicly traded in the United States.  Investments in foreign securities involve certain inherent risks, including the following:


Political and Economic Factors.  Individual foreign economies of certain countries may differ favorably or unfavorably from the U.S. economy in such respects as growth of gross national product, rate of inflation, capital reinvestment, resource self sufficiency, diversification and balance of payments position.  The internal politics of certain foreign countries may not be as stable as those of the United States.  Governments



6






in certain foreign countries also continue to participate to a significant degree, through ownership interest or regulation, in their respective economies.  Action by these governments could include restrictions on foreign investment, nationalization, expropriation of goods or imposition of taxes, and could have a significant effect on market prices of securities and payment of interest.  The economies of many foreign countries are heavily dependent upon international trade and are accordingly affected by the trade policies and economic conditions of their trading partners.  Enactment by these trading partners of protectionist trade legislation could have a significant adverse effect upon the securities markets of such countries.


Currency Fluctuations.  If the Portfolio invests in any securities denominated in foreign currencies, a change in the value of any such currency against the U.S. dollar will result in a corresponding change in the U.S. dollar value of the Portfolio's assets denominated in that currency.  Such changes will also affect the Portfolio's income.  The value of the Portfolio's assets may also be affected significantly by currency restrictions and exchange control regulations enacted from time to time.


Emerging Markets.  Investments in securities of companies located in developing or emerging markets entail additional risks, including: less social, political and economic stability; smaller securities markets and lower trading volume, which may result in less liquidity and greater price volatility; national policies that may restrict investment opportunities, including restrictions on investments in issuers or industries, or expropriation or confiscation of assets or property; and less developed legal structures governing private or foreign investment.


In considering whether to invest in foreign bond funds or foreign market ETFs, the Adviser considers such factors as the differences between economic trends and the performance of securities markets within the U.S. and those within other countries, and also factors relating to the general economic, governmental and social conditions of the country or countries where the company is located.  The extent to which a Portfolio will be invested in foreign companies and countries and depositary receipts will fluctuate from time to time within the limitations described in the Prospectus, depending on the Adviser's assessment of prevailing market, economic and other conditions.


Market Characteristics.  If foreign securities are purchased in over-the-counter markets or on exchanges located in the countries in which the principal offices of the issuers of the various securities are located, such foreign exchanges and markets may be more volatile than those in the United States.  While growing in volume, they usually have substantially less volume than U.S. markets, and the foreign securities may be less liquid and more volatile than U.S. securities.  Moreover, settlement practices for transactions in foreign markets may differ from those in U.S. markets, and may include delays beyond periods customary in the United States.  Foreign security trading practices, including those involving securities settlement may require assets be released prior to receipt of payment or securities, may increase risk in the event of a failed trade or the insolvency of a foreign broker-dealer.




7






Legal and Regulatory Matters.  Certain foreign countries may have less supervision of securities markets, brokers and issuers of securities, and less financial information available from issuers, than is available in the United States.


Taxes.  The interest and dividends payable on certain of the foreign securities may be subject to foreign withholding taxes, thus reducing the net amount of income available for distribution to shareholders.


Costs.  To the extent that the Portfolio invests in Underlying Funds which hold foreign securities, its expense ratio is likely to be higher than those of investment companies investing only in domestic securities, because the cost of maintaining the custody of foreign securities is higher.


FIXED-INCOME SECURITIES. The Portfolio may invest in Underlying Funds which invest in a wide range of fixed-income securities, which may include obligations of any rating or maturity.


Fixed-Income Securities may include investment grade corporate debt securities and lower-rated corporate debt securities (commonly known as "junk bonds"), as well as unrated securities.  Lower-rated or high yield debt securities include corporate high yield debt securities, zero-coupon securities, payment-in kind securities and strips.  Investment grade corporate bonds are those rated BBB or better by Standard & Poor's Rating Service ("S&P") or Baa or better by Moody's Investors Service ("Moody's").  Securities rated BBB by S&P are considered investment grade, but Moody's considers securities rated Baa to have speculative characteristics.  


Junk Bonds.  Junk bonds generally offer a higher current yield than that available for higher-grade issues.  However, lower-rated securities involve higher risks, in that they are especially subject to adverse changes in general economic conditions and in the industries in which the issuers are engaged, to changes in the financial condition of the issuers and to price fluctuations in response to changes in interest rates.  During periods of economic downturn or rising interest rates, highly leveraged issuers may experience financial stress that could adversely affect their ability to make payments of interest and principal and increase the possibility of default. In addition, the market for lower-rated debt securities has expanded rapidly in recent years, and its growth paralleled a long economic expansion.  At times in recent years, the prices of many lower-rated debt securities declined substantially, reflecting an expectation that many issuers of such securities might experience financial difficulties.  As a result, the yields on lower-rated debt securities rose dramatically, but such higher yields did not reflect the value of the income stream that holders of such securities expected, but rather, the risk that holders of such securities could lose a substantial portion of their value as a result of the issuers' financial restructuring or default.  There can be no assurance that such declines will not recur.  The market for lower-rated debt issues generally is thinner and less active than that for higher quality securities, which may limit the ability to sell such securities at fair value in response to changes in the economy or financial markets.  Adverse publicity and investor perceptions, whether or not based on fundamental analysis, may also decrease


8






the values and liquidity of lower-rated securities, especially in a thinly traded market.  Changes by recognized rating services in their rating of a fixed-income security may affect the value of these investments.  


Corporate Debt Securities.  Corporate debt securities are fixed-income securities issued by businesses to finance their operations, although corporate debt instruments may also include bank loans to companies. Notes, bonds, debentures and commercial paper are the most common types of corporate debt securities, with the primary difference being their maturities and secured or unsecured status.  Commercial paper has the shortest term and is usually unsecured.


The broad category of corporate debt securities includes debt issued by domestic or foreign companies of all kinds, including those with small-, mid- and large-capitalizations. Corporate debt may be rated investment-grade or below investment-grade and may carry variable or floating rates of interest.


Because of the wide range of types and maturities of corporate debt securities, as well as the range of creditworthiness of its issuers, corporate debt securities have widely varying potentials for return and risk profiles.  For example, commercial paper issued by a large established domestic corporation that is rated investment-grade may have a modest return on principal, but carries relatively limited risk.  On the other hand, a long-term corporate note issued by a small foreign corporation from an emerging market country that has not been rated may have the potential for relatively large returns on principal, but carries a relatively high degree of risk.


Corporate debt securities carry both credit risk and interest rate risk.  Credit risk is the risk that the Portfolio could lose money if the issuer of a corporate debt security is unable to pay interest or repay principal when it is due.  Some corporate debt securities that are rated below investment-grade are generally considered speculative because they present a greater risk of loss, including default, than higher quality debt securities.  The credit risk of a particular issuer's debt security may vary based on its priority for repayment.  For example, higher ranking (senior) debt securities have a higher priority than lower ranking (subordinated) securities.  This means that the issuer might not make payments on subordinated securities while continuing to make payments on senior securities.  In addition, in the event of bankruptcy, holders of higher-ranking senior securities may receive amounts otherwise payable to the holders of more junior securities.  Interest rate risk is the risk that the value of certain corporate debt securities will tend to fall when interest rates rise.  In general, corporate debt securities with longer terms tend to fall more in value when interest rates rise than corporate debt securities with shorter terms.


Zero-Coupon Securities.  Zero-coupon securities make no periodic interest payments, but are sold at a deep discount from their face value.  The buyer recognizes a rate of return determined by the gradual appreciation of the security, which is redeemed at face value on a specified maturity date.  The discount varies depending on the time remaining until maturity, as well as market interest rates, liquidity of the security and the


9






issuer's perceived credit quality.  If the issuer defaults, the holder may not receive any return on its investment.  Because zero-coupon securities bear no interest and compound semiannually at the rate fixed at the time of issuance, their value generally is more volatile than the value of other fixed-income securities.  Since zero-coupon bondholders do not receive interest payments, when interest rates rise, zero-coupon securities fall more dramatically in value than bonds paying interest on a current basis.  When interest rates fall, zero-coupon securities rise more rapidly in value because the bonds reflect a fixed rate of return.  An investment in zero-coupon and delayed interest securities may cause the Portfolio to recognize income and make distributions to shareholders before it receives any cash payments on its investment.


Unrated Debt Securities.  Unrated debt, while not necessarily lower in quality than rated securities, may not have as broad a market.  Because of the size and perceived demand for the issue, among other factors, certain issuers may decide not to pay the cost of getting a rating for their bonds.  The creditworthiness of the issuer, as well as any financial institution or other party responsible for payments on the security, will be analyzed to determine whether to purchase unrated bonds.


CONVERTIBLE SECURITIES.  Convertible securities may be converted at either a stated price or stated rate into underlying shares of common stock. Convertible securities have characteristics similar to both fixed-income and equity securities.  Convertible securities generally are subordinated to other similar but non-convertible securities of the same issuer, although convertible bonds, as corporate debt obligations, enjoy seniority in right of payment to all equity securities, and convertible preferred stock is senior to common stock of the same issuer.  Because of the subordination feature, however, convertible securities typically have lower ratings than similar non-convertible securities.


Although to a lesser extent than with fixed-income securities, the market value of convertible securities tends to decline as interest rates increase and, conversely, tends to increase as interest rates decline.  In addition, because of the conversion feature, the market value of convertible securities tends to vary with fluctuations in the market value of the underlying common stock.  A unique feature of convertible securities is that as the market price of the underlying common stock declines, convertible securities tend to trade increasingly on a yield basis, and so may not experience market value declines to the same extent as the underlying common stock.  When the market price of the underlying common stock increases, the prices of the convertible securities tend to rise as a reflection of the value of the underlying common stock.  While no securities investments are without risk, investments in convertible securities generally entail less risk than investments in common stock of the same issuer.


Convertible securities provide for a stable stream of income with generally higher yields than common stocks, but there can be no assurance of current income because the issuers of the convertible securities may default on their obligations.  A convertible security, in addition to providing fixed income, offers the potential for capital appreciation through the conversion feature, which enables the holder to benefit from



10






increases in the market price of the underlying common stock.  There can be no assurance of capital appreciation, however, because securities prices fluctuate.  Convertible securities generally offer lower interest or dividend yields than non-convertible securities of similar quality because of the potential for capital appreciation.


ILLIQUID OR RESTRICTED SECURITIES. Restricted securities may be sold only in privately negotiated transactions or in a public offering with respect to which a registration statement is in effect under the Securities Act of 1933 (the “1933 Act”). Where registration is required, the Portfolio may be obligated to pay all or part of the registration expenses and a considerable period may elapse between the time of the decision to sell and the time the Portfolio may be permitted to sell a security under an effective registration statement. If, during such a period, adverse market conditions were to develop, the Portfolio might obtain a less favorable price than prevailed when it decided to sell. Restricted securities will be priced at fair value as determined in accordance with procedures prescribed by the Board of Trustees of the Trust. If through the appreciation of illiquid securities or the depreciation of liquid securities, the Portfolio should be in a position where more than 15% of the value of its net assets are invested in illiquid assets, including restricted securities, the Portfolio will take appropriate steps to protect liquidity.


Notwithstanding the above, the Portfolio may purchase securities which, while privately placed, are eligible for purchase and sale under Rule 144A under the 1933 Act. This rule permits certain qualified institutional buyers to trade in privately placed securities even though such securities are not registered under the 1933 Act. The Adviser under the supervision of the Board of Trustees of the Trust, will consider whether securities purchased under Rule 144A are illiquid and thus subject to the Portfolio’s restriction of investing no more than 15% of its net assets in illiquid securities. A determination of whether a Rule 144A security is liquid or not is a question of fact. In making this determination, the Adviser will consider the trading markets for the specific security taking into account the unregistered nature of a Rule 144A security. In addition, the Adviser could consider: (1) the frequency of trades and quotes, (2) the number of dealers and potential purchases, (3) any dealer undertakings to make a market, and (4) the nature of the security and of marketplace trades (e.g., the time needed to dispose of the security, the method of soliciting offers and the mechanics of transfer). The liquidity of Rule 144A securities would be monitored, and if as a result of changed conditions it is determined that a Rule 144A security is no longer liquid, the Portfolio’s holdings of illiquid securities would be reviewed to determine what, if any, steps are required to assure that the Portfolio does not invest more than 15% of its net assets in illiquid securities. Investing in Rule 144A securities could have the effect of increasing the amount of the Portfolio’s assets invested in illiquid securities if qualified institutional buyers are unwilling to purchase such securities.


OPEN-END INVESTMENT COMPANIES. The Portfolio and any “affiliated persons”, as defined by the 1940 Act, may purchase in the aggregate only up to 3% of the total outstanding securities of any Underlying Fund.  Accordingly, when affiliated persons hold shares of any of the Underlying Funds, the Portfolio’s ability to invest fully



11






in shares of those funds is restricted, and the Adviser must then, in some instances, select alternative investments that would not have been its first preference.  The 1940 Act also provides that an Underlying Fund whose shares are purchased by the Portfolio will be obligated to redeem shares held by the Portfolio only in an amount up to 1% of the Underlying Fund’s outstanding securities during any period of less than 30 days. Shares held by the Portfolio in excess of 1% of an Underlying Fund’s outstanding securities therefore, will be considered not readily marketable securities, which, together with other such securities, may not exceed 15% of the Portfolio’s total assets.


Under certain circumstances an Underlying Fund may determine to make payment of a redemption by the Portfolio wholly or partly by a distribution in kind of securities from its portfolio, in lieu of cash, in conformity with the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). In such cases, the Portfolio may hold securities distributed by an Underlying Fund until the Adviser determines that it is appropriate to dispose of such securities.


Investment decisions by the investment advisers of the Underlying Funds are made independently of the Portfolio and its Adviser. Therefore, the investment adviser of one Underlying Fund may be purchasing shares of the same issuer whose shares are being sold by the investment adviser of another such fund. The result of this would be an indirect expense to the Portfolio without accomplishing any investment purpose.


OTHER INVESTMENT COMPANIES. The Portfolio’s investments in an underlying portfolio of ETFs, mutual funds and closed-end funds involve certain additional expenses and certain tax results, which would not be present in a direct investment in the Underlying Funds. Under certain circumstances, the Adviser may invest in Underlying Funds known as “inverse funds,” which are designed to produce results opposite to market trends.  Inverse funds seek daily investment results, before fees and expenses, that correspond to the inverse (opposite) of the daily performance of a specific benchmark.  


Some of the Underlying Funds have exemptive orders permitting investments by the Portfolio that exceed the 3% limit of ownership of Underlying Funds outlined in Section 12(d)(1)(F) under the 1940 Act.  The Portfolio will adhere to the guidelines stated in said exemptive orders when investing in excess of 3% of the outstanding shares of such Underlying Funds.


REGULATORY LIMITATIONS. The Portfolio may engage in futures contracts and options thereon only for bona fide hedging, yield enhancement, and risk management purposes, in each case in accordance with rules and regulations of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”).


The Portfolio’s use of futures contracts may result in leverage. Therefore, to the extent necessary, in instances involving the purchase of futures contracts or the writing of call or put options thereon by the Portfolio, an amount of cash, U.S. government securities or other appropriate liquid securities, equal to the market value of the futures



12






contracts and options thereon (less any related margin deposits), will be identified in an account with the Portfolio’s custodian to cover (such as owning an offsetting position) the position, or alternative cover will be employed. Assets used as cover or held in an identified account cannot be sold while the position in the corresponding option or future is open, unless they are replaced with similar assets. As a result, the commitment of a large portion of the Portfolio’s assets to cover or identified accounts could impede portfolio management or the Portfolio’s ability to meet redemption requests or other current obligations. If the CFTC or other regulatory authorities adopt different (including less stringent) or additional restrictions, the Portfolio would comply with such new restrictions.


REITs.  The Portfolio may invest in securities of real estate investment trusts (“REITs”). REITs are publicly traded corporations or trusts that specialize in acquiring, holding and managing residential, commercial or industrial real estate. A REIT is not taxed at the entity level on income distributed to its shareholders or unitholders if it distributes to shareholders or unitholders at least 95% of its taxable income for each taxable year and complies with regulatory requirements relating to its organization, ownership, assets and income.


REITs generally can be classified as “Equity REITs”, “Mortgage REITs” and “Hybrid REITs.” An Equity REIT invests the majority of its assets directly in real property and derives its income primarily from rents and from capital gains on real estate appreciation which are realized through property sales. A Mortgage REIT invests the majority of its assets in real estate mortgage loans and services its income primarily from interest payments. A Hybrid REIT combines the characteristics of an Equity REIT and a Mortgage REIT. The Portfolio can invest in all three kinds of REITs.


Investments in the real estate industry involve particular risks. The real estate industry has been subject to substantial fluctuations and declines on a local, regional and national basis in the past and may continue to be in the future. Real property values, and income from real property continue to be in the future. Real property values and income from real property may decline due to general and local economic conditions, overbuilding and increased competition, increases in property taxes and operating expenses, changes in zoning laws, casualty or condemnation losses, regulatory limitations on rents, changes in neighborhoods and in demographics, increases in market interest rates, or other factors. Factors such as these may adversely affect companies that own and operate real estate directly, companies that lend to such companies, and companies that service the real estate industry.


Direct investments in REITs also involve risks. Equity REITs will be affected by changes in the values of and income from the properties they own, while Mortgage REITs may be affected by the credit quality of the mortgage loans they hold. In addition, REITs are dependent on specialized management skills and on their ability to generate cash flow for operating purposes and to make distributions to shareholders or unitholders REITs may have limited diversification and are subject to risks associated with obtaining financing for real property, as well as to the risk of self-liquidation. REITs also can be



13






adversely affected by their failure to qualify for tax-free pass-through treatment of their income under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or their failure to maintain an exemption from registration under the 1940 Act. By investing in REITs indirectly through a Portfolio, a shareholder bears not only a proportionate share of the expenses of the Portfolio, but also may indirectly bear similar expenses of some of the REITs in which it invests.


REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS. The Portfolio may invest in repurchase agreements.  A repurchase agreement is an instrument under which the investor (such as the Portfolio) acquires ownership of a security (known as the “Underlying Security”) and the seller (i.e., a bank or primary dealer) agrees, at the time of the sale, to repurchase the Underlying Security at a mutually agreed upon time and price, thereby determining the yield during the term of the agreement. This results in a fixed rate of return insulated from market fluctuations during such period, unless the seller defaults on its repurchase obligations. The Portfolio will only enter into repurchase agreements where: (i) the underlying securities are of the type (excluding maturity limitations) which the Portfolio’s investment guidelines would allow it to purchase directly, (ii) the market value of the underlying security, including interest accrued, will be at all times at least equal to the value of the repurchase agreement, and (iii) payment for the underlying security is made only upon physical delivery or evidence of book-entry transfer to the account of the Portfolio’s custodian. Repurchase agreements usually are for short periods, often under one week, and will not be entered into by the Portfolio for a duration of more than seven days if, as a result, more than 15% (or, in the case of the Cash Reserves Fund, 10%) of the net asset value of the Portfolio would be invested in such agreements or other securities which are not readily marketable.


The Portfolio will assure that the amount of collateral with respect to any repurchase agreement is adequate. As with a true extension of credit, however, there is risk of delay in recovery or the possibility of inadequacy of the collateral should the seller of the repurchase agreement fail financially. In addition, the Portfolio could incur costs in connection with the disposition of the collateral if the seller were to default. The Portfolio will enter into repurchase agreements only with sellers deemed to be creditworthy by, or pursuant to guidelines established by, the Board of Trustees of the Trust and only when the economic benefit to the Portfolio is believed to justify the attendant risks. The Portfolio has adopted standards for the sellers with whom they will enter into repurchase agreements. The Board of Trustees of the Trust believe these standards are designed to reasonably assure that such sellers present no serious risk of becoming involved in bankruptcy proceedings within the time frame contemplated by the repurchase agreement. The Portfolio may enter into repurchase agreements only with well-established securities dealers or with member banks of the Federal Reserve System.


SWAP AGREEMENTS. The Portfolio may enter into interest rate, index and currency exchange rate swap agreements in attempts to obtain a particularly desired return at a lower cost to the Portfolio than if the Portfolio has invested directly in an instrument that yielded that desired return. Swap agreements are two-party contracts entered into primarily by institutional investors for periods ranging from a few weeks to



14






more than one year. In a standard “swap” transaction, two parties agree to exchange the returns (or differentials in rates of returns) earned or realized on particular predetermined investments or instruments. The gross returns to be exchanged or “swapped” between the parties are calculated with respect to a “notional amount,” i.e., the return on or increase in value of a particular dollar amount invested at a particular interest rate, in a particular foreign currency, or in a “basket” of securities representing a particular index. The “notional amount” of the swap agreement is only a fictive basis on which to calculate the obligations the parties to a swap agreement have agreed to exchange. The Portfolio’s obligations (or rights) under a swap agreement will generally be equal only to the amount to be paid or received under the agreement based on the relative values of the positions held by each party to the agreement (the “net amount”). The Portfolio’s obligations under a swap agreement will be accrued daily (offset against any amounts owing to the Portfolio) and any accrued but unpaid net amounts owed to a swap counterparty will be covered by the maintenance of a segregated account consisting of cash, U.S. government securities, or other liquid securities, to avoid leveraging of the Portfolio’s portfolio. The Portfolio will not enter into a swap agreement with any single party if the net amount owed or to be received under existing contracts with that party would exceed 5% of the Portfolio’s assets.


Whether the Portfolio’s use of swap agreements enhance the Portfolio’s total return will depend on the Adviser’s ability correctly to predict whether certain types of investments are likely to produce greater returns than other investments. Because they are two-party contracts and may have terms of greater than seven days, swap agreements may be considered to be illiquid. Moreover, the Portfolio bears the risk of loss of the amount expected to be received under a swap agreement in the event of the default or bankruptcy of a swap agreement counterparty. The Adviser will cause the Portfolio to enter into swap agreements only with counterparties that would be eligible for consideration as repurchase agreement counterparties under the Portfolio’s repurchase agreement guidelines. The swap market is a relatively new market and is largely unregulated. It is possible that developments in the swaps market, including potential government regulation, could adversely affect the Portfolio’s ability to terminate existing swap agreements or to realize amounts to be received under such agreements.


Certain swap agreements are exempt from most provisions of the Commodity Exchange Act (“CEA”) and, therefore, are not regulated as futures or commodity option transactions under the CEA, pursuant to regulations of the CFTC. To qualify for this exemption, a swap agreement must be entered into by “eligible participants,” which include the following, provided the participants’ total assets exceed established levels: a bank or trust company, savings association or credit union, insurance company, investment company subject to regulation under the 1940 Act, commodity pool, corporation, partnership, proprietorship, organization, trust or other entity, employee benefit plan, governmental entity, broker-dealer, futures commission merchant, natural person, or regulated foreign person. To be eligible, natural persons and most other entities must have total assets exceeding $10 million; commodity pools and employees benefit plans must have assets exceeding $5 million. In addition, an eligible swap transaction must meet three conditions. First, the swap agreement may not be part of a fungible class



15






of agreements that are standardized as to their material economic terms. Second, the creditworthiness of parties with actual or potential obligations under the swap agreement must be a material consideration in entering into or determining the terms of the swap agreement, including pricing, cost or credit enhancement terms. Third, swap agreements may not be entered into and traded on or through a multilateral transaction execution facility.


DERIVATIVE SECURITIES. The Portfolio, to a limited extent, may use various derivative instruments, such as options, futures and options on futures (including those relating to stocks, indexes, foreign currencies and interest rates). A small investment in derivatives could have a potentially large impact on the Portfolio’s performance. The use of derivatives involves risks different from, or possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in the underlying assets. Derivatives can be highly volatile, illiquid and difficult to value, and there is the risk that changes in the value of a derivative held by the Portfolio will not correlate with the Portfolio’s other investments.  Use of derivative instruments presents various risks including the following:


Tracking    When used for hedging purposes, an imperfect or variable degree of correlation between price movements of the derivative instrument and the underlying investment sought to be hedged may prevent the Portfolio from achieving the intended hedging effect or expose the Portfolio to the risk of loss.


Liquidity    Derivative instruments, especially when traded in large amounts, may not be liquid in all circumstances, so that in volatile markets the Portfolio may not be able to close out a position without incurring a loss.


Leverage – Trading in derivative instruments can result in large amounts of leverage.  Thus, the leverage offered by trading in derivative instruments may magnify the gains and losses experienced by the Portfolio and could cause the Portfolio’s net asset value to be subject to wider fluctuations than would be the case if the Portfolio did not use the leverage feature in derivative instruments.


Hedging When a derivative is used as a hedge against an opposite position that the Portfolio also holds, any loss generated by the derivative should be substantially offset by gains on the hedged investment, and vice versa.  While hedging can reduce or eliminate losses, it can also reduce or eliminate gains.


Investment  When the Portfolio uses derivatives as an investment vehicle to gain market exposure, rather than for hedging purposes, any loss on the derivative investment will not be offset by gains on another hedged investment.  The Portfolio is therefore directly exposed to the risks of that derivative.  Gains or losses from derivative investments may be substantially greater than the derivative’s original cost.




16






Availability Derivatives may not be available to the Portfolio upon acceptable terms.  As a result, the Portfolio may be unable to use derivatives for hedging or other purposes.


Credit When the Portfolio uses derivatives, it is subject to the risk that the other party to the agreement will not be able to perform.


TRADING IN FUTURES CONTRACTS.  U.S. futures contracts are traded on exchanges that have been designated “contract markets” by the CFTC and must be executed through a futures commission merchant or brokerage firm, which is a member of the relevant contract market. Through their clearing corporations, the exchanges guarantee performance of the contracts between the clearing members of the exchange.


A futures contract provides for the future sale by one party and purchase by another party of a specified amount of a specific financial instrument (e.g., units of a stock index) for a specified price, date, time and place designated at the time the contract is made. Brokerage fees are incurred when a futures contract is bought or sold and margin deposits must be maintained. Entering into a contract to buy is commonly referred to as buying or purchasing a contract or holding a long position. Entering into a contract to sell is commonly referred to as selling a contract or holding a short position.


Unlike when the Portfolio purchases or sells a security, no price would be paid or received by the Portfolio upon the purchase or sale of a futures contract. Upon entering into a futures contract, and to maintain the Portfolio’s open positions in futures contracts, the Portfolio would be required to deposit with its custodian or futures broker in a segregated account in the name of the futures broker an amount of cash, U.S. government securities, suitable money market instruments, or other liquid securities, known as “initial margin.” The margin required for a particular futures contract is set by the exchange on which the contract is traded, and may be significantly modified from time to time by the exchange during the term of the contract. Futures contracts are customarily purchased and sold on margins that may range upward from less than 5% of the value of the contract being traded.


If the price of an open futures contract changes (by increase in underlying instrument or index in the case of a sale or by decrease in the case of a purchase) so that the loss on the futures contract reaches a point at which the margin on deposit does not satisfy margin requirements, the broker will require an increase in the margin. However, if the value of a position increases because of favorable price changes in the futures contract so that the margin deposit exceeds the required margin, the broker will pay the excess to the Portfolio.


These subsequent payments, called “variation margin,” to and from the futures broker, are made on a daily basis as the price of the underlying assets fluctuate making the long and short positions in the futures contract more or less valuable, a process known as “marking to the market.” The Portfolio expects to earn interest income on its margin deposits.



17







Although certain futures contracts, by their terms, require actual future delivery of and payment for the underlying instruments, in practice most futures contracts are usually closed out before the delivery date. Closing out an open futures contract purchase or sale is effected by entering into an offsetting futures contract sale or purchase, respectively, for the same aggregate amount of the identical underlying instrument or index and the same delivery date. If the offsetting purchase price is less than the original sale price, the Portfolio realizes a gain; if it is more, the Portfolio realizes a loss. Conversely, if the offsetting sale price is more than the original purchase price, the Portfolio realizes a gain; if it is less, the Portfolio realizes a loss. The transaction costs must also be included in these calculations. There can be no assurance, however, that the Portfolio will be able to enter into an offsetting transaction with respect to a particular futures contract at a particular time. If the Portfolio is not able to enter into an offsetting transaction, the Portfolio will continue to be required to maintain the margin deposits on the futures contract.


For example, one contract in the Financial Times Stock Exchange 100 Index future is a contract to buy 25 pounds sterling multiplied by the level of the UK Financial Times 100 Share Index on a given future date. Settlement of a stock index futures contract may or may not be in the underlying instrument or index. If not in the underlying instrument or index, then settlement will be made in cash, equivalent over time to the difference between the contract price and the actual price of the underlying asset at the time the stock index futures contract expires.


REGULATION AS A COMMODITY POOL OPERATOR.  The Trust, on behalf of the Portfolio, has filed with the National Futures Association, a notice claiming an exclusion from the definition of the term “commodity pool operator” under the Commodity Exchange Act, as amended, and the rules of the CFTC promulgated thereunder, with respect to the Portfolio’s operation.  Accordingly, the Portfolio is not subject to registration or regulation as a commodity pool operator.

SEC SEGREGATION REQUIREMENTS.  In addition to the margin restrictions discussed above, transactions in futures contracts may involve the segregation of funds pursuant to requirements imposed by the SEC Under those requirements, where the Portfolio has a long position in a futures contract, it may be required to establish a segregated account (not with a futures commission merchant or broker) containing cash or certain liquid assets equal to the purchase price of the contract (less any margin on deposit). However, segregation of assets is not required if the Portfolio “covers” a long position. For a short position in futures or forward contracts held by the Portfolio, those requirements may mandate the establishment of a segregated account (not with a futures commission merchant or broker) with cash or certain liquid assets that, when added to the amounts deposited as margin, equal the market value of the instruments underlying the futures contracts (but are not less than the price at which the short positions were established).



18






LIQUIDITY IMPACT OF MARGIN AND SEC SEGREGATION REQUIREMENTS.  Although the Portfolio will segregate cash and liquid assets in an amount sufficient to cover its open futures obligations, the segregated assets will be available to the Portfolio immediately upon closing out the futures position, while settlement of securities transactions could take several days.  However, because the Portfolio’s cash that may otherwise be invested would be held uninvested or invested in other liquid assets so long as the futures position remains open, the Portfolio’s return could be diminished due to the opportunity losses of foregoing other potential investments.

SPECIAL RISKS OF TRANSACTIONS IN FUTURES CONTRACTS. VOLATILITY AND LEVERAGE. The prices of futures contracts are volatile and are influenced, among other things, by actual and anticipated changes in the market and interest rates, which in turn are affected by fiscal and monetary policies and national and international political and economic events. Most United States futures exchanges limit the amount of fluctuation permitted in futures contract prices during a single trading day. The daily limit establishes the maximum amount that the price of a futures contract may vary either up or down from the previous day’s settlement price at the end of a trading session. Once the daily limit has been reached in a particular type of futures contract, no trades may be made on that day at a price beyond that limit. The daily limit governs only price movement during a particular trading day and therefore does not limit potential losses, because the limit may prevent the liquidation of unfavorable positions. Futures contract prices have occasionally moved to the daily limit for several consecutive trading days with little or no trading, thereby preventing prompt liquidation of futures positions and subjecting some futures traders to substantial losses.


Because of the low margin deposits required, futures trading involves an extremely high degree of leverage. As a result, a relatively small price movement in a futures contract may result in immediate and substantial loss, as well as gain, to the investor. For example, if at the time of purchase, 10% of the value of the futures contract were deposited as margin, a subsequent 10% decrease in the value of the futures contract would result in a total loss of the margin deposit, before any deduction for the transaction costs, if the account were then closed out. A 15% decrease would result in a loss equal to 150% of the original margin deposit, if the contract were closed out. Thus, a purchase or sale of a futures contract may result in losses in excess of the amount of margin deposited to maintain the futures contract. Furthermore, in the case of a futures contract purchase, in order to be certain that the Portfolio has sufficient assets to satisfy its obligations under a futures contract, the Portfolio earmarks to the futures contract money market instruments or other liquid securities equal in value to the current value of the underlying instrument less the margin deposit.


The Portfolio may elect to close some or all of its futures positions at any time prior to their expiration. The Portfolio would do so to reduce exposure represented by long futures positions or short futures positions. The Portfolio may close its positions by taking opposite positions, which would operate to terminate the Portfolio’s position in the futures contracts. Final determinations of variation margin would then be made,



19






additional cash would be required to be paid by or released to the Portfolio, and the Portfolio would realize a loss or a gain. Futures contracts may be closed out only on the exchange or board of trade where the contracts were initially traded. Although the Portfolio intends to purchase or sell futures contracts only on exchanges or boards of trade where there appears to be an active market, there is no assurance that a liquid market on an exchange or board of trade will exist for any particular contract at any particular time. The reasons for the absence of a liquid secondary market on an exchange are substantially the same as those discussed under “Special Risks of Transactions in Options on Futures Contracts.” In the event that a liquid market does not exist, it might not be possible to close out a futures contract, and in the event of adverse price movements, the Portfolio would continue to be required to make daily cash payments of variation margin. However, in the event futures contracts have been used to hedge the underlying instruments, the Portfolio would continue to hold the underlying instruments subject to the hedge until the futures contracts could be terminated. In such circumstances, an increase in the price of underlying instruments, if any, might partially or completely offset losses on the futures contract. However, as described below, there is no guarantee that the price of the underlying instruments will, in fact, correlate with the price movements in the futures contract and thus provide an offset to losses on a futures contract.


A decision of whether, when, and how to hedge involves skill and judgment, and even a well-conceived hedge may be unsuccessful to some degree because of unexpected market behavior or market or interest rate trends. There are several risks in connection with the use by the Portfolio of futures contracts as a hedging device. One risk arises because of the possible imperfect correlation between movements in the prices of the futures contracts and movements in the prices of the underlying instruments, which are the subject of the hedge. The Adviser will, however, attempt to reduce this risk by entering into futures contracts whose movements, in its judgment, will have a significant correlation with movements in the prices of the Portfolio’s underlying instruments sought to be hedged.


Successful use of futures contracts by the Portfolio for hedging purposes is also subject to the Adviser’s ability to correctly predict movements in the direction of the market. It is possible that, when the Portfolio has sold futures to hedge its portfolio against a decline in the market, the index, indices, or instruments underlying futures might advance and the value of the underlying instruments held in the Portfolio’s portfolio might decline. If this were to occur, the Portfolio would lose money on the futures and also would experience a decline in value in its underlying instruments. However, while this might occur to a certain degree, the Adviser believes that over time the value of the Portfolio’s portfolio will tend to move in the same direction as the market indices used to hedge the portfolio. It is also possible that if the Portfolio were to hedge against the possibility of a decline in the market (adversely affecting the underlying instruments held in its portfolio) and prices instead increased, the Portfolio would lose part or all of the benefit of increased value of those underlying instruments that it has hedged, because it would have offsetting losses in its futures positions. In addition, in such situations, if the Portfolio had insufficient cash, it might have to sell underlying



20






instruments to meet daily variation margin requirements. Such sales of underlying instruments might be, but would not necessarily be, at increased prices (which would reflect the rising market). The Portfolio might have to sell underlying instruments at a time when it would be disadvantageous to do so.


In addition to the possibility that there might be an imperfect correlation, or no correlation at all, between price movements in the futures contracts and the portion of the portfolio being hedged, the price movements of futures contracts might not correlate perfectly with price movements in the underlying instruments due to certain market distortions. First, all participants in the futures market are subject to margin deposit and maintenance requirements. Rather than meeting additional margin deposit requirements, investors might close futures contracts through offsetting transactions, which could distort the normal relationship between the underlying instruments and futures markets. Second, the margin requirements in the futures market are less onerous than margin requirements in the securities markets, and as a result the futures market might attract more speculators than the securities markets do. Increased participation by speculators in the futures market might also cause temporary price distortions. Due to the possibility of price distortion in the futures market and also because of the imperfect correlation between price movements in the underlying instruments and movements in the prices of futures contracts, even a correct forecast of general market trends by the Adviser might not result in a successful hedging transaction over a very short time period.


UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT OBLIGATIONS. These consist of various types of marketable securities issued by the United States Treasury, i.e., bills, notes and bonds. Such securities are direct obligations of the United States government and differ mainly in the length of their maturity. Treasury bills, the most frequently issued marketable government security, have a maturity of up to one year and are issued on a discount basis.


UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT AGENCY SECURITIES. These consist of debt securities issued by agencies and instrumentalities of the United States government, including the various types of instruments currently outstanding or which may be offered in the future. Agencies include, among others, the Federal Housing Administration, Government National Mortgage Association (“Ginnie Mae”), Farmer’s Home Administration, Export-Import Bank of the United States, Maritime Administration, and General Services Administration. Instrumentalities include, for example, each of the Federal Home Loan Banks, the National Bank for Cooperatives, the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“Freddie Mac”), the Farm Credit Banks, the Federal National Mortgage Association (“Fannie Mae”), and the United States Postal Service. These securities are either: (i) backed by the full faith and credit of the United States government (e.g., United States Treasury Bills); (ii) guaranteed by the United States Treasury (e.g., Ginnie Mae mortgage-backed securities); (iii) supported by the issuing agency’s or instrumentality’s right to borrow from the United States Treasury (e.g., Fannie Mae Discount Notes); or (iv) supported only by the issuing agency’s or instrumentality’s own credit (e.g., Tennessee Valley Association).   On September 7, 2008, the U.S. Treasury Department and the Federal Housing Finance Authority (the



21






“FHFA”) announced that Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac had been placed into conservatorship, a statutory process designed to stabilize a troubled institution with the objective of returning the entity to normal business operations.  The U.S. Treasury Department and the FHFA at the same time established a secured lending facility and a Secured Stock Purchase Agreement with both Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac to ensure that each entity had the ability to fulfill its financial obligations.  The FHFA announced that it does not anticipate any disruption in pattern of payments or ongoing business operations of Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac.


GOVERNMENTAL/MUNICIPAL OBLIGATIONS In General Municipal obligations are debt obligations issued by or on behalf of states, territories and possessions of the United States (including the District of Columbia) and their political subdivisions, agencies and instrumentalities.  Municipal obligations generally include debt obligations issued to obtain funds for various public purposes.  Certain types of municipal obligations are issued in whole or in part to obtain funding for privately operated facilities or projects.  Municipal obligations include general obligation bonds, revenue bonds, industrial development bonds, notes and municipal lease obligations.  Municipal obligations also include additional obligations, the interest on which is exempt from federal income tax, that may become available in the future as long as the Board of the Fund determines that an investment in any such type of obligation is consistent with the Fund’s investment objectives.  Municipal obligations may be fully or partially backed by local government, the credit of a private issuer, current or anticipated revenues from a specific project or specific assets or domestic or foreign entities providing credit support such as letters of credit, guarantees or insurance.


Bonds And Notes - General obligation bonds are secured by the issuer’s pledge of its full faith, credit and taxing power for the payment of interest and principal.  Revenue bonds are payable only from the revenues derived from a project or facility or from the proceeds of a specified revenue source.  Industrial development bonds are generally revenue bonds secured by payments from and the credit of private users.  Municipal notes are issued to meet the short-term funding requirements of state, regional and local governments.  Municipal notes include tax anticipation notes, bond anticipation notes, revenue anticipation notes, tax and revenue anticipation notes, construction loan notes, short-term discount notes, tax-exempt commercial paper, demand notes and similar instruments.


Municipal Lease Obligations - Municipal lease obligations may take the form of a lease, an installment purchase or a conditional sales contract.  They are issued by state and local governments and authorities to acquire land, equipment and facilities, such as vehicles, telecommunications and computer equipment and other capital assets.  The Fund may invest in Underlying Funds that purchase these lease obligations directly, or it may purchase participation interests in such lease obligations (See “Participation Interests” section). States have different requirements for issuing municipal debt and issuing municipal leases.  Municipal leases are generally subject to greater risks than general obligation or revenue bonds because they usually contain a “non-appropriation” clause, which provides that the issuer is not obligated to make payments on the obligation



22






in future years unless funds have been appropriated for this purpose each year.  Such non-appropriation clauses are required to avoid the municipal lease obligations from being treated as debt for state debt restriction purposes.  Accordingly, such obligations are subject to “non-appropriation” risk.  Municipal leases may be secured by the underlying capital asset and it may be difficult to dispose of any such asset in the event of non-appropriation or other default.


Mortgage-Backed Bonds - The Fund’s investments in Underlying Funds that hold municipal obligations may include mortgage-backed municipal obligations, which are a type of municipal security issued by a state, authority or municipality to provide financing for residential housing mortgages to target groups, generally low-income individuals who are first-time home buyers.  The Underlying Fund’s interest, evidenced by such obligations, is an undivided interest in a pool of mortgages.  Payments made on the underlying mortgages and passed through to the Underlying Fund will represent both regularly scheduled principal and interest payments.  The Underlying Fund may also receive additional principal payments representing prepayments of the underlying mortgages.  While a certain level of prepayments can be expected, regardless of the interest rate environment, it is anticipated that prepayment of the underlying mortgages will accelerate in periods of declining interest rates.  In the event that the Underlying Fund receives principal prepayments in a declining interest-rate environment, its reinvestment of such funds may be in bonds with a lower yield.

 

Participation Interests - A participation interest gives the Fund, through its investments in Underlying Funds, an undivided interest in a municipal debt obligation in the proportion that the Underlying Fund’s participation interest bears to the principal amount of the underlying obligation.  These underlying obligations may have fixed-, floating-, or variable-rates of interest.  The Fund will only purchase Underlying Funds whose participation interests is accompanied by an opinion of counsel that the interest earned on the underlying municipal obligations will be federal tax-exempt.  If the Underlying Fund purchases unrated participation interests, the Board or its delegate must have determined that the credit risk is equivalent to the rated obligations in which the Fund may invest.  Participation interests may be backed by a letter of credit or repurchase obligation of the selling institution.  When determining whether such a participation interest meets the Fund’s credit quality requirements, the Fund may look to the credit quality of any financial guarantor providing a letter of credit or guaranty.


Pass-Through Certificates - The Fund may also invest in Underlying Funds that invest in pass-through certificates or securities issued by partnerships and grantor trusts.  These securities allow the Underlying Fund to receive principal and interest payments on underlying obligations and such securities may have fixed-, floating-, or variable-rates of interest.  The pass-through certificates may be backed by a letter of credit, guarantee or liquidity provider and, if the pass-through certificate is intended to be a tax-exempt security, it is generally accompanied by an opinion of counsel that the interest on the pass-through certificates will be exempt from federal income tax.  The Fund may only invest in Underlying Funds that invest in these securities if they meet the Fund’s credit-quality and eligibility requirements.



23







WARRANTS. The Portfolio may invest in warrants. Warrants are pure speculation in that they have no voting rights, pay no dividends and have no rights with respect to the assets of the corporation issuing them. Warrants basically are options to purchase equity securities at a specific price valid for a specific period of time. They do not represent ownership of the securities, but only the right to buy them. Warrants differ from call options in that warrants are issued by the issuer of the security, which may be purchased on their exercise, whereas call options may be written or issued by anyone. The prices of warrants do not necessarily move parallel to the prices of the underlying securities.


WHEN-ISSUED SECURITIES. The Portfolio may, from time to time, purchase securities on a “when-issued” or delayed delivery basis. The price for such securities, which may be expressed in yield terms, is fixed at the time the commitment to purchase is made, but delivery and payment for the when-issued securities take place at a later date. Normally, the settlement date occurs within one month of the purchase, but may take up to three months. During the period between purchases and settlement, no payment is made by the Portfolio to the issuer and no interest accrues to the Portfolio. At the time the Portfolio makes the commitment to purchase a security on a when-issued basis, it will record the transaction and reflect the value of the security in determining its net asset value. The Portfolio will maintain, in a segregated account with the custodian, cash or appropriate liquid securities equal in value to commitments for when-issued securities.


WRITING COVERED PUT OPTIONS. The Portfolio may write American or European style covered put options and purchase options to close out options previously written by the Portfolio. A put option gives the purchaser of the option the right to sell and the writer (seller) has the obligation to buy, the underlying security or currency at the exercise price during the option period (American style) or at the expiration of the option (European style). So long as the obligation of the writer continues, he may be assigned an exercise notice by the broker-dealer through whom such option was sold, requiring him to make payment of the exercise price against delivery of the underlying security or currency. The operation of put options in other respects, including their related risks and rewards, is substantially identical to that of call options.


The Portfolio would write put options only on a covered basis, which means that the Portfolio would maintain in a segregated account cash, U.S. government securities or other liquid appropriate securities in an amount not less than the exercise price or the Portfolio will own an option to sell the underlying security or currency subject to the option having an exercise price equal to or greater than the exercise price of the “covered” option at all times while the put option is outstanding. (The rules of a clearing corporation currently require that such assets be deposited in escrow to secure payment of the exercise price.) The Portfolio would generally write covered put options in circumstances where the Adviser wishes to purchase the underlying security or currency for the Portfolio’s portfolio at a price lower than the current market price of the security or currency. In such event the Portfolio would write a put option at an exercise price,



24






which, reduced by the premium received on the option, reflects the lower price it is willing to pay. Since the Portfolio would also receive interest on debt securities or currencies maintained to cover the exercise price of the option, this technique could be used to enhance current return during periods of market uncertainty. The risk in such a transaction would be that the market price of the underlying security or currency would decline below the exercise price less the premiums received. Such a decline could be substantial and result in a significant loss to the Portfolio. In addition, the Portfolio, because it does not own the specific securities or currencies, which it may be required to purchase in exercise of the put, cannot benefit from appreciation, if any, with respect to such specific securities or currencies.


CERTIFICATES OF DEPOSIT AND BANKERS’ ACCEPTANCES. The Portfolio may invest in certificates of deposit and bankers’ acceptances, which are considered to be short-term money market instruments.


Certificates of deposit are receipts issued by a depository institution in exchange for the deposit of funds. The issuer agrees to pay the amount deposited plus interest to the bearer of the receipt on the date specified on the certificate. The certificate usually can be traded in the secondary market prior to maturity. Bankers’ acceptances typically arise from short-term credit arrangements designed to enable businesses to obtain funds to finance commercial transactions. Generally, an acceptance is a time draft drawn on a bank by an exporter or an importer to obtain a stated amount of funds to pay for specific merchandise. The draft is then “accepted” by a bank that, in effect, unconditionally guarantees to pay the face value of the instrument on its maturity date. The acceptance may then be held by the accepting bank as an earning asset or it may be sold in the secondary market at the going rate of discount for a specific maturity. Although maturities for acceptances can be as long as 270 days, most acceptances have maturities of six months or less.


TEMPORARY DEFENSIVE MEASURES.  In response to market, economic, political or other conditions, the Adviser may temporarily use a different investment strategy for the Portfolio for defensive purposes. Such a strategy could include investing up to 100% of the Portfolio’s assets in cash or cash equivalent securities. This could affect the Portfolio’s performance and the Portfolio might not achieve its investment objectives.



INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS


  

The Portfolio has adopted the following investment restrictions that may not be changed without approval by a “majority of the outstanding shares” of the Portfolio which, as used in this SAI, means the vote of the lesser of (a) 67% or more of the shares of the Portfolio represented at a meeting, if the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the Portfolio are present or represented by proxy, or (b) more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the Portfolio.  The Portfolio will not:



25







(1) Purchase securities on margin, except the Portfolio may make margin deposits in connection with permissible options and futures transactions subject to (5) below and may obtain short-term credits as may be necessary for clearance of transactions.


(2) Issue any class of securities senior to any other class of securities except in compliance with the 1940 Act.


(3) Borrow money, except to the extent permitted under the 1940 Act (which currently limits borrowing to no more than 33-1/3% of the value of the Portfolio’s total assets).  For purposes of this Investment Restriction, the entry into options, forward contracts, futures contracts, including those relating to indices, and options on futures contracts or indices shall not constitute borrowing.


(4) Purchase or sell real estate, or invest in real estate limited partnerships, except the Portfolio may, as appropriate and consistent with its respective investment objective, policies and other investment restrictions, buy securities of issuers that engage in real estate operations and securities that are secured by interests in real estate (including shares of real estate mortgage investment conduits, mortgage pass-through securities, mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations) and may hold and sell real estate acquired as a result of ownership of such securities.


(5) Purchase or sell physical commodities or contracts thereon, except that the Portfolio may enter into financial futures contracts and options thereon.


(6) Underwrite securities issued by other persons, except to the extent that the Portfolio may be deemed to be an underwriter, within the meaning of the Securities Act of 1933, in connection with the purchase of securities directly from an issuer in accordance with the Portfolio’s investment objective, policies and restrictions.


(7) Make loans, except that the Portfolio in accordance with its investment objective, policies and restrictions may: (i) invest in all or a portion of an issue of publicly issued or privately placed bonds, debentures, notes, other debt securities and loan participation interests for investment purposes; (ii) purchase money market securities and enter into repurchase agreements; and (iii) lend its portfolio securities in an amount not exceeding one-third of the value of the Portfolio’s total assets.


 (8) Make further investments when 25% or more of its total assets would be invested in any one industry (securities issued or guaranteed by the United States government, its agencies or instrumentalities are not considered to represent industries).




26






THE FOLLOWING ARE ADDITIONAL INVESTMENT LIMITATIONS OF THE PORTFOLIO. THE FOLLOWING RESTRICTIONS ARE DESIGNATED AS NON-FUNDAMENTAL AND MAY BE CHANGED BY THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF THE TRUST WITHOUT THE APPROVAL OF SHAREHOLDERS.


The Portfolio may not:


(1) Invest in portfolio companies for the purpose of acquiring or exercising control of such companies.


(2) Invest in puts, calls, straddles, spreads or any combination thereof, except to the extent permitted by the Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information.


(3) Purchase or otherwise acquire any security or invest in a repurchase agreement if, as a result, more than 15% of the net assets of the Portfolio would be invested in securities that are illiquid or not readily marketable, including repurchase agreements maturing in more than seven days and non-negotiable fixed time deposits with maturities over seven days. The Portfolio may invest without limitation in restricted securities provided such securities are considered to be liquid by Trustees, as may be delegated to the Adviser.  If, through a change in values, net assets or other circumstances, the Portfolio were in a position where more than 15% of its net assets was invested in illiquid securities, it would seek to take appropriate steps to protect liquidity.


(4) Mortgage, pledge, or hypothecate in any other manner, or transfer as security for indebtedness any security owned by the Portfolio, except as may be necessary in connection with permissible borrowings and then only if such mortgaging, pledging or hypothecating does not exceed 33 1/3% of such Portfolio’s total assets. Collateral arrangements with respect to margin, option and other risk management and when-issued and forward commitment transactions are not deemed to be pledges or other encumbrances for purposes of this restriction.


If a restriction on the Portfolio’s investments is adhered to at the time an investment is made, a subsequent change in the percentage of Portfolio assets invested in certain securities or other instruments, or change in average duration of the Portfolio’s investment portfolio, resulting from changes in the value of the Portfolio’s total assets, will not be considered a violation of the restriction; provided, however, that the asset coverage requirement applicable to borrowings shall be maintained in the manner contemplated by applicable law.  The Portfolio may exchange securities, exercise any conversion rights or exercise warrants or any other rights to purchase common stock or other equity securities and may hold such securities so acquired without regard to the foregoing investment restrictions.




27






POLICIES AND PROCEDURES FOR DISCLOSURE OF PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS


The Trust has adopted policies and procedures that govern the disclosure of the Portfolio’s portfolio holdings. These policies and procedures are designed to ensure that such disclosure is in the best interests of Portfolio shareholders.


It is the Trust’s policy to: (1) ensure that any disclosure of portfolio holdings information is in the best interest of Trust shareholders; (2) protect the confidentiality of portfolio holdings information; (3) have procedures in place to guard against personal trading based on the information; and (4) ensure that the disclosure of portfolio holdings information does not create conflicts between the interests of the Trust’s shareholders and those of the Trust’s affiliates.


The Portfolio discloses its portfolio holdings by mailing its annual and semi-annual reports to shareholders approximately two months after the end of the fiscal year and semi-annual period.  In addition, the Portfolio will disclose its portfolio holdings reports on Forms N-CSR and Form N-Q two months after the end of each quarter/semi-annual period.  


The Portfolio may choose to make portfolio holdings information available to rating agencies such as Lipper, Morningstar or Bloomberg more frequently on a confidential basis.


Under limited circumstances, as described below, the Portfolio’s portfolio holdings may be disclosed to, or known by, certain third parties in advance of their filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission on Form N-CSR or Form N-Q.  In each case, a determination has been made that such advance disclosure is supported by a legitimate business purpose and that the recipient is subject to a duty to keep the information confidential.  


·

The Adviser.  Personnel of the Adviser, including personnel responsible for managing the Portfolio’s portfolio, may have full daily access to portfolio holdings because that information is necessary in order for the Adviser to provide their management, administrative, and investment services to the Portfolio.  As required for purposes of analyzing the impact of existing and future market changes on the prices, availability, demand and liquidity of such securities, as well as for the assistance of portfolio managers in the trading of such securities, Adviser personnel may also release and discuss certain portfolio holdings with various broker-dealers.


·

Gemini Fund Services, LLC.  Gemini Fund Services, LLC is the transfer agent, fund accountant and administrator for the Portfolio; therefore, its personnel have full daily access to the Portfolio’s portfolio holdings because that information is necessary in order for them to provide the agreed-upon services for the Trust.



28






·

First National Bank of Omaha.  First National Bank of Omaha is the custodian for the Portfolio; therefore, its personnel have full daily access to the Portfolio’s holdings because that information is necessary in order for them to provide the agreed-upon services for the Portfolio.


·

BBD, LLP. is the Portfolio’s independent registered public accounting firm; therefore, its personnel have access to the Portfolio’s holdings in connection with auditing of the Portfolio’s annual financial statements and providing assistance and consultation in connection with SEC filings.


·

Thompson Hine LLP.  Thompson Hine LLP is counsel to the Portfolio; therefore, its personnel have access to the Portfolio’s holdings in connection with the review of the Portfolio’s annual and semi-annual shareholder reports and SEC filings.



Additions to List of Approved Recipients.  The Portfolio’s Chief Compliance Officer is the person responsible, and whose prior approval is required, for any disclosure of the Portfolio’s portfolio securities at any time or to any persons other than those described above.  In such cases, the recipient must have a legitimate business need for the information and must be subject to a duty to keep the information confidential. There are no ongoing arrangements in place with respect to the disclosure of portfolio holdings. In no event shall the Portfolio, the Adviser or any other party receive any direct or indirect compensation in connection with the disclosure of information about the Portfolio’s portfolio holdings.


Compliance With Portfolio Holdings Disclosure Procedures.  The Portfolio’s Chief Compliance Officer will report periodically to the Board with respect to compliance with the Portfolio’s portfolio holdings disclosure procedures, and from time to time will provide the Board any updates to the portfolio holdings disclosure policies and procedures.


There is no assurance that the Trust’s policies on disclosure of portfolio holdings will protect the Portfolio from the potential misuse of holdings information by individuals or firms in possession of that information.



MANAGEMENT


 

The business of the Trust is managed under the direction of the Board in accordance with the Agreement and Declaration of Trust and the Trust’s By-laws (the “Governing Documents”), which have been filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.  The Board consists of seven (7) individuals, six (6) of whom are not “interested persons” (as defined under the 1940 Act) of the Trust and the Adviser (“Independent Trustees”). Pursuant to the Governing Documents of the Trust, the



29






Trustees shall elect officers including a President, a Secretary, a Treasurer, a Principal Executive Officer and a Principal Accounting Officer. The Board retains the power to conduct, operate and carry on the business of the Trust and has the power to incur and pay any expenses, which, in the opinion of the Board, are necessary or incidental to carry out any of the Trust’s purposes. The Trustees, officers, employees and agents of the Trust, when acting in such capacities, shall not be subject to any personal liability except for his or her own bad faith, willful misfeasance, gross negligence or reckless disregard of his or her duties.



Board Leadership Structure


The Trust is led by Anthony Hertl, an Independent Trustee, who has served as the Chairman of the Board since July 2013. The Board of Trustees is comprised of Mr. Hertl, five (5) additional Independent Trustees, and one (1) Interested Trustee.  Andrew Rogers, the Interested Trustee, is the Chief Executive Officer of Gemini Fund Services, LLC, and President of the Trust.  Additionally, under certain 1940 Act governance guidelines that apply to the Trust, the Independent Trustees will meet in executive session, at least quarterly.  Under the Trust’s Agreement and Declaration of Trust and By-Laws, the Chairman of the Board is responsible for (a) presiding at board meetings, (b) calling special meetings on an as-needed basis, (c) execution and administration of Trust policies including (i) setting the agendas for board meetings and (ii) providing information to board members in advance of each board meeting and between board meetings.  Generally, the Trust believes it best to have a non-executive Chairman of the Board, who together with the President (principal executive officer), are seen by our shareholders, business partners and other stakeholders as providing strong leadership.  The Trust believes that its Chairman, the independent chair of the Audit Committee, and, as an entity, the full Board of Trustees, provide effective leadership that is in the best interests of the Trust, its Funds and each shareholder.


Board Risk Oversight


The Board of Trustees has a standing independent Audit Committee with a separate chair, Mark H. Taylor. The Board is responsible for overseeing risk management, and the full Board regularly engages in discussions of risk management and receives compliance reports that inform its oversight of risk management from its Chief Compliance Officer at quarterly meetings and on an ad hoc basis, when and if necessary.  The Audit Committee considers financial and reporting risk within its area of responsibilities.  Generally, the Board believes that its oversight of material risks is adequately maintained through the compliance-reporting chain where the Chief Compliance Officer is the primary recipient and communicator of such risk-related information.


Trustee Qualifications.


30







Generally, the Trust believes that each Trustee is competent to serve because of their individual overall merits including: (i) experience, (ii) qualifications, (iii) attributes and (iv) skills.   Anthony J. Hertl has over 20 years of business experience in financial services industry and related fields including serving as chair of the finance committee for the Borough of Interlaken, New Jersey and Vice President-Finance and Administration of Marymount College, holds a Certified Public Accountant designation, served or has served as a member of other mutual fund boards outside of the Fund Complex and possesses a strong understanding of the regulatory framework under which investment companies must operate based on his years of service to this Board and other fund boards.  Gary W. Lanzen has over 20 years of business experience in the financial services industry, holds a Master’s degree in Education Administration, is a Certified Financial Planner ("CFP"), serves as a member of two other mutual fund boards outside of the Fund Complex and possesses a strong understanding of the regulatory framework under which investment companies must operate based on his years of service to this Board and other mutual fund boards.  Mark H. Taylor, has over two decades of academic and professional experience in the accounting and auditing areas, has Doctor of Philosophy, Master’s and Bachelor’s  degrees in Accounting, is a Certified Public Accountant and is Professor of Accountancy at the Weatherhead School of Management at Case Western Reserve University.  He serves as a member of two other mutual fund boards outside of the Fund Complex, has served a fellowship in the Office of the Chief Accountant at the headquarters of the United States Securities Exchange Commission, served a three-year term on the AICPA Auditing Standards Board (2008-2011), and like the other Board members, possesses a strong understanding of the regulatory framework under which investment companies must operate based on his years of service to this Board and other mutual fund boards.  John V. Palancia has over 30 years of business experience in financial services industry including serving as the Director of Futures Operations for Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Inc.  Mr. Palancia holds a Bachelor of Science degree in Economics.  He also possesses a strong understanding of risk management, balance sheet analysis and the regulatory framework under which regulated financial entities must operate based on service to Merrill Lynch. Additionally, he is well versed in the regulatory framework under which investment companies must operate and serves as a member of three other fund boards. Andrew Rogers has more than 20 years of experience in the financial services industry and has served as the President of the Trust since 2006.  Mr. Rogers is also currently the Chief Executive Officer of Gemini Fund Services, LLC.  Prior to joining Gemini Fund Services, LLC, he served in executive roles at J.P. Morgan Chase and Co. and Alliance Capital Management Holdings L.P. as Financial Reporting Manager. Mr. Rogers holds a Bachelor of Science in Accounting. Mark D. Gersten has more than 30 years of experience in the financial services industry, having served in executive roles at AllianceBernstein LP and holding key industry positions at Prudential-Bache Securities and PriceWaterhouseCoopers.  He also serves as a member of two other mutual fund boards outside of the Fund Complex. Mr. Gersten is a certified public accountant and holds an MBA in accounting.  Like other trustees, his experience has given him a strong understanding of the regulatory framework under which investment companies operate.  Mark S. Garbin has more than 30 years of experience in corporate balance sheet and income statement risk management



31






for large asset managers, serving as Managing Principal of Coherent Capital Management LLC since 2007.  Mr. Garbin has extensive derivatives experience and has provided consulting services to alternative asset managers.  He is both a Chartered Financial Analyst and Professional Risk Manager charterholder and holds advanced degrees in international business.  The Trust does not believe any one factor is determinative in assessing a Trustee's qualifications, but that the collective experience of each Trustee makes them each highly qualified.


The following is a list of the Trustees and executive officers of the Trust and each person’s principal occupation over the last five years. Unless otherwise noted, the address of each Trustee and Officer is 17605 Wright Street, Suite 2, Omaha, Nebraska 68130 The following is a list of the Trustees and executive officers of the Trust and each person’s principal occupation over the last five years. Unless otherwise noted, the address of each Trustee and Officer is 17605 Wright Street, Suite 2, Omaha, Nebraska 68130.


Independent Trustees

Name, Address and Year of Birth

Position/Term of Office*

Principal Occupation During the Past Five Years

Number of Portfolios in Fund Complex** Overseen by Trustee

Other Directorships held by Trustee During the Past Five Years

Anthony J. Hertl^

Born in 1950

Trustee

Since 2006; Chairman of the Board since 2013

Consultant to small and emerging businesses (since 2000).

107

AdvisorOne Funds (16 portfolios) (2004-2013); Alternative Strategies Fund (since June 2010); Satuit Capital Management Trust; The Z-Seven Fund, Inc. (2007 – May, 2010), Greenwich Advisers Trust (2007- February 2011), Global Real Estate Fund (2008-2011), The World Funds Trust (2010-2013) and Northern Lights Fund Trust (since 2005)

Gary W. Lanzen^

Born in 1954

Trustee

Since 2006

President, Orizon Investment Counsel, Inc. (2000-2006); Chief Investment Officer (2000 -2010); Founder and Partner, Orizon Group, Inc. (a financial services company) (2000-2006).

107

AdvisorOne Funds (16 portfolios) (since 2003);

Alternative Strategies Fund (2010-2011); Northern Lights Fund Trust (since 2005)



32








Mark H. Taylor^

Born in 1964

Trustee

Since 2007

Andrew D. Braden Professor of Accounting and Auditing, Weatherhead School of Management, Case Western Reserve University (since 2009); John P. Begley Endowed Chair in Accounting, Creighton University (2002 – 2009); Former member of the AICPA Auditing Standards Board, AICPA (2008-2011). 

135

Alternative Strategies Fund (since 2010); Lifetime Achievement Mutual Fund, Inc.  (LFTAX) (Director and Audit Committee Chairman) (2007-2012); NLFT III (since February 2012); Northern Lights Fund Trust (since 2007)

John V. Palancia

Born in 1954

Trustee

Since 2011

Retired (since 2011). Formerly, Director of Futures Operations, Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Inc. (1975-2011).

135

Northern Lights Fund Trust (since 2011); NLFT III (since February 2012); Alternative Strategies Fund (since  2012)

Mark D. Gersten
Born in 1950

Trustee

Since 2013

Independent Consultant (since 2012); Senior Vice President – Global Fund Administration Mutual Funds & Alternative Funds, AllianceBernstein LP (1985 – 2011)

107

Schroder Global Series Trust and Two Roads Shared Trust (since 2012); Northern Lights Fund Trust (since 2013)

Mark Garbin

Born in 1951

Trustee

Since 2013

Managing Principal, Coherent Capital Management LLC (since 2007); Managing Director and Head of Equity Derivatives -Americas, Rabobank International (2006-2007)

107

Two Roads Shared Trust

(since 2012); Forethought Variable Insurance Trust (since 2013) (Lead Independent and Chairman of the Valuation Committee); Northern Lights Fund Trust (since 2013)





33






    Interested Trustees and Officers

Name, Address and Year of Birth

Position/Term of Office*

Principal Occupation During the Past Five Years

Number of Portfolios in Fund Complex** Overseen by Trustee

Other Directorships held by Trustee During the Past Five Years

Andrew Rogers
80 Arkay Drive***
Hauppauge, NY  11788
Born in 1969

Trustee Since 2013;
President
Since 2006

Chief Executive Officer, Gemini Alternative Funds, LLC (since 2013); Chief Executive Officer , Gemini Hedge Fund Services, LLC (since 2013); Chief Executive Officer, Gemini Fund Services, LLC (since 2012); President and Manager, Gemini Fund Services, LLC (2006 - 2012); Formerly Manager, Northern Lights Compliance Services, LLC (2006 – 2008); and President and Manager, GemCom LLC (2004 - 2011).

107

Northern Lights Fund Trust (since 2013)

Kevin E. Wolf
80 Arkay Drive
Hauppauge, NY  11788
Born in 1969

Treasurer
Since 2006

President, Gemini Fund Services, LLC (since 2012); Director of Fund Administration, Gemini Fund Services, LLC (2006 - 2012); and Vice-President, GemCom, LLC (2004 - 2013).

N/A

N/A

James P. Ash
80 Arkay Drive
Hauppauge, NY  11788
Born in 1976

Secretary
Since 2011

Senior Vice President, Gemini Fund Services, LLC (since 2012); Vice President, Gemini Fund Services, LLC (2011 - 2012); Director of Legal Administration, Gemini Fund Services, LLC (2009 - 2011); Assistant Vice President of Legal Administration, Gemini Fund Services, LLC (2008 - 2011).

N/A

N/A

Emile R. Molineaux

Born in 1962

Chief Compliance Officer

Since 2011

Senior Compliance Officer of Northern Lights Compliance Services, LLC (since 2011); General Counsel, CCO and Senior Vice President, Gemini Fund Services, LLC (2004 - June 2012); Secretary and CCO, Northern Lights Compliance Services, LLC;  (2003-2011); In-house Counsel, The Dreyfus Funds (1999 – 2003).

N/A

N/A

* The term of office for each Trustee and officer listed above will continue indefinitely until the individual resigns or is removed.

** The term “Fund Complex” includes the Northern Lights Fund Trust (“NLFT”), Northern Lights Fund Trust III (“NLFT III”) and the Northern Lights Variable Trust (“NLVT”).



34






***Andrew Rogers is an “interested person” of the Trust as that term is defined under the 1940 Act, because of his affiliation with Gemini Fund Services, LLC, (the Trust’s Administrator, Fund Accountant, Transfer Agent).

^ These Trustees were named in the SEC order instituting settled administrative proceedings against Northern Lights Compliance Services, LLC, Gemini Fund Services, LLC and certain Trustees.  For more information, please see the “Legal Proceedings” below.


Legal Proceedings


On May 2, 2013, the SEC filed an order instituting settled administrative proceedings (the “Order”) against Northern Lights Compliance Services, LLC (“NLCS”), Gemini Fund Services, LLC (“GFS”), certain current Trustees of the Trust, and two   former Trustees.  To settle the SEC’s charges, GFS and NLCS each agreed to pay $50,000 penalties, and both firms and the named Trustees agreed to engage an independent compliance consultant to address the violations found in the Order.  The firms and the named Trustees agreed to settle with the SEC without admitting or denying the SEC’s findings, while agreeing to cease and desist from committing or causing any violations and any future violations of those provisions.  There were no allegations that shareholders suffered any monetary harm.  The SEC charges were not against the Adviser or the Portfolio.


The Order found that on certain occasions during the period January 2009 to December 2010, disclosures included in shareholder reports (concerning the Trustees’ adviser evaluation process under Section 15(c) of the 1940 Act) filed by certain funds of the Trust contained boilerplate disclosures that were materially untrue or misleading in violation of Section 34(b) of the 1940 Act.  These disclosures were included in the fund shareholder reports based on board minutes drafted by GFS, reviewed by the Trust’s outside counsel, and then reviewed and approved by the Trustees.  The Order found that the named Trustees therefore were a cause of these violations.  In addition, GFS failed to ensure that certain shareholder reports contained the required disclosures concerning the Trustees’ evaluation process and failed to ensure that certain series within the Trust maintained and preserved their Section 15(c) files in accordance with 1940 Act recordkeeping requirements.  Accordingly, GFS caused those funds’ violations of Sections 30(e) and 31(a) of the Investment Company Act and Rules 30e-1 and 31a-2(a)(6) thereunder.


The Order found that, during the relevant period, NLCS and the four named Trustees were also a cause of violations of Rule 38a-1(a)(1) under the 1940 Act, which requires registered investment companies to adopt and implement written compliance policies and procedures.  Specifically, the Order found that NLCS and the named Trustees failed to implement certain policies and procedures of the Trust that required the funds’ CCO to provide the advisers’ compliance manuals to the named Trustees for their review or, as an alternative, summaries of the compliance programs.  Rather than following this process, the Order found that the named Trustees’ approval of the advisers’ compliance programs was based primarily on their review of a brief written statement prepared by NLCS and a verbal representation by NLCS that such manuals were adequate.  






35






Board Committees


Audit Committee


The Board has an Audit Committee that consists of all the Trustees who are not "interested persons" of the Trust within the meaning of the 1940 Act. The Audit Committee’s responsibilities include: (i) recommending to the Board the selection, retention or termination of the Trust’s independent auditors; (ii) reviewing with the independent auditors the scope, performance and anticipated cost of their audit; (iii) discussing with the independent auditors certain matters relating to the Trust’s financial statements, including any adjustment to such financial statements recommended by such independent auditors, or any other results of any audit; (iv) reviewing on a periodic basis a formal written statement from the independent auditors with respect to their independence, discussing with the independent auditors any relationships or services disclosed in the statement that may impact the objectivity and independence of the Trust’s independent auditors and recommending that the Board take appropriate action in response thereto to satisfy itself of the auditor’s independence; and (v) considering the comments of the independent auditors and management’s responses thereto with respect to the quality and adequacy of the Trust’s accounting and financial reporting policies and practices and internal controls.  The Audit committee operates pursuant to an Audit Committee Charter.  The Audit Committee is also responsible for seeking and reviewing nominee candidates for consideration as Independent Trustees as is from time to time considered necessary or appropriate.  The Audit Committee generally will not consider shareholder nominees. The Audit Committee is also responsible for reviewing and setting Independent Trustee compensation from time to time when considered necessary or appropriate. During the past fiscal year, the Audit Committee held thirteen meetings.


Compensation


Effective October 1, 2013, each Trustee who is not affiliated with the Trust or an investment adviser to any series of the Trust will receive a quarterly fee of $5,162.50, for his attendance at the regularly scheduled meetings of the Board of Trustees, to be paid in advance of each calendar quarter, as well as reimbursement for any reasonable expenses incurred. From April 1, 2013 through September 30, 2013, each Trustee who is not affiliated with the Trust or an investment adviser of any series of the Trust, received a quarterly fee of $4,875.  Prior to April 1, 2013 each Trustee who is not affiliated with the Trust or an adviser received a quarterly fee of $3,500.  Effective July 1, 2013, in addition to the quarterly fees and reimbursements, the Chairman of the Board receives a quarterly fee of $1,725, and the Audit Committee Chairman receives a quarterly fee of $862.50.


Additionally, in the event a meeting of the Board of Trustees other than its regularly scheduled meetings (a “Special Meeting”) is required, each Independent Trustee will receive a fee of $2,500 per Special Meeting, as well as reimbursement for any reasonable expenses incurred, to be paid by the relevant series of the Trust or its investment advisor depending on the circumstances necessitating the Special Meeting.




36






The table below details the amount of compensation the Trustees received from the Trust during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013.  Each Independent Trustee attended all quarterly meetings during the period.  The Trust does not have a bonus, profit sharing, pension or retirement plan. 


Name and Position

Aggregate Compensation From Trust ****

Pension or Retirement Benefits Accrued as Part of Funds Expenses

Estimated Annual Benefits Upon Retirement

Total Compensation From Trust and Fund Complex***** Paid to Directors

Anthony J. Hertl

$23,137.50

None

None

$151,250.00

Gary Lanzen

$18,412.50

None

None

$128,750.00

Mark H. Taylor

$19,275.00

None

None

$160,000.00

John V. Palancia

$18,412.50

None

None

$152,749.50

Michael Miola*

None

None

None

None

Andrew Rogers**

None

None

None

None

Mark D. Gersten***

$5,162.50

None

None

$33,750.00

Mark Garbin***

$5,162.50

None

None

$33,750.00

_______________

* This Trustee is deemed to be an ‘interested person’ as defined in the 1940 Act as a result of his affiliation with Gemini Fund Services, LLC (the Trust’s Administrator, Transfer Agent and Fund Accountant) and Northern Lights Compliance Services, LLC (the Trust’s compliance service provider).  Mr. Miola resigned from the Trust in September 2013.

** This Trustee is deemed to be an “interested person” as defined in the 1940 Act as a result of his affiliation with Gemini Fund Services, LLC (the Trust’s Administrator, Transfer Agent and Fund Accountant).

***Elected as a Trustee in September 2013.

**** There are currently multiple series comprising the Trust.  Trustees’ fees are allocated equitably among the series in the Trust.

***** The term “Fund Complex” includes the Northern Lights Fund Trust, Northern Lights Fund Trust III and the Northern Lights Variable Trust.


Trustee Ownership


The following table indicates the dollar range of equity securities that each Trustee beneficially owned in the Trust as of December 31, 2013.


Name of Trustee

Dollar Range of Equity Securities in the Fund

Aggregate Dollar Range of Equity Securities in All Registered Investment Companies Overseen by Trustee in Family of Investment Companies

Anthony J. Hertl

None

None

Gary Lanzen

None

None

John V. Palancia

None

None

Andrew Rogers*

None

None

Mark Taylor

None

None

Mark D. Gersten

None

None

Mark Garbin

None

None

Michael Miola**

None

None


     * This Trustee is deemed to be an ‘interested person’ as defined in the 1940 Act as a result of his affiliation with Gemini Fund Services, LLC (the Trust’s Administrator, Transfer Agent and Fund Accountant),


37






** Mr. Miola resigned as a Trustee from the Trust in September 2013.


Management Ownership


As of April 2, 2014, the Trustees, as a group, owned less than 1.00% of the Portfolio’s outstanding shares and less than 1.00% of the Fund Complex’s outstanding shares.



CONTROL PERSONS AND PRINCIPAL HOLDERS



A principal shareholder is any person who owns of record or beneficially 5% or more of the outstanding shares of the Portfolio.  A control person is one who owns beneficially or through controlled companies more than 25% of the voting securities of a company or acknowledged the existence of control. As of April 2, 2014, the separate accounts of Midland National located at Variable Annuity Department, Des Moines, IA 50325, owned 98.92% of the Portfolio.  Because Midland National had voting authority with respect to approximately 100% of the value of the outstanding interests in the Portfolio, the Portfolio could be deemed to be under control of Midland National as of April 2, 2014.  As a result, Midland National could have the ability to approve or reject those matters submitted to the shareholders of the Portfolio for their approval, including the election of Trustees, approval of an investment advisory agreement and adoption of a distribution plan under Rule 12b-1 of the 1940 Act.


INVESTMENT ADVISER



Investment Adviser and Advisory Agreement


The Adviser of the Portfolio is Critical Math Advisors LLC, located at 3840 Quakerbridge Road, Suite 130, Hamilton, New Jersey 08619. Pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement with the Trust, on behalf of the Portfolio (the “Advisory Agreement”), Adviser, subject to the supervision of the Board of the Trust, and in conformity with the stated policies of the Portfolio, manages the operations of the Portfolio.


Under the Advisory Agreement, the Adviser, under the supervision of the Board, agrees to invest the assets of the Portfolio in accordance with applicable law and the investment objective, policies and restrictions set forth in the Portfolio’s current Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information, and subject to such further limitations as the Trust may from time to time impose by written notice to the Adviser. The Adviser shall act as the investment adviser to the Portfolio and, as such shall (i) obtain and evaluate such information relating to the economy, industries, business, securities markets and securities as it may deem necessary or useful in discharging its responsibilities here under, (ii) formulate a continuing program for the investment of the



38






assets of the Portfolio in a manner consistent with its investment objective, policies and restrictions, and (iii) determine from time to time securities to be purchased, sold, retained or lent by the Portfolio, and implement those decisions, including the selection of entities with or through which such purchases, sales or loans are to be effected; provided, that the Adviser will place orders pursuant to its investment determinations either directly with the  issuer or with a broker or dealer, and if with a broker or dealer, (a) will attempt to obtain the best price and execution of its orders, and (b) may nevertheless in its discretion purchase and sell portfolio securities from and  to brokers who provide the Adviser with research, analysis, advice and similar services and pay such brokers in return a higher commission or spread than may be charged by other brokers. The Adviser also provides the Portfolio with all necessary office facilities and personnel for servicing the Portfolio’s investments, compensates all officers, Trustees and employees of the Trust who are officers, directors or employees of the Adviser, and all personnel of the Portfolio or the Adviser performing services relating to research, statistical and investment activities.  The Advisory Agreement was approved by the Board, including by a majority of the Independent Trustees, at a meeting held on March 6, 2006, and last renewed at a meeting held on September 25, 2013.


In addition, the Adviser, subject to the supervision of the Board of Trustees, provides the management and administrative services necessary for the operation of the Portfolio. These services include providing facilities for maintaining the Trust’s organization; supervising relations with custodians, transfer and pricing agents, accountants, underwriters and other persons dealing with the Portfolio; preparing all general shareholder communications and conducting shareholder relations; maintaining the Portfolio’s records and the registration of the Portfolio’s shares under federal securities laws and making necessary filings under state securities laws; developing management and shareholder services for the Portfolio; and furnishing reports, evaluations and analyses on a variety of subjects to the Trustees.  


The following table sets forth the annual investment advisory fee rate payable by the Portfolio to Adviser pursuant to the Advisory Agreement, expressed as a percentage of the Portfolio’s average daily net assets:


PORTFOLIO

TOTAL
INVESTMENT ADVISORY

FEE

Adaptive Allocation Portfolio

1.00%


The fee is computed daily and payable monthly. During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013, the Portfolio paid the Adviser $191,561 in investment advisory fees.   During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012, the Portfolio paid the Adviser $299,275 in investment advisory fees.  During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011, the Portfolio paid the Adviser $328,068 in investment advisory fees. The Adviser has agreed contractually to waive its management fee and to reimburse expenses, excluding any front-end or contingent deferred loads; brokerage fees and commissions, indirect expenses associated with the Fund’s investments (such as acquired fund fees and



39






expenses, or expenses of any other underlying investments in collective investment vehicles or derivative instruments), borrowing costs (such as interest and dividend expense on securities sold short); taxes; and extraordinary expenses, such as litigation expenses (which may include indemnification of Fund officers and Trustees, contractual indemnification of Fund service providers (other than the Adviser)), at least until April 30, 2015, such that total annual fund operating expenses do not exceed 2.49% of average daily net assets, subject to possible recoupment from the Portfolio in future years on a rolling three year basis (within three years after the fees have been waived or reimbursed) if such recoupment can be achieved within the foregoing expense limits.  No Reimbursement Amount will be paid to the Adviser in any fiscal quarter unless the Trust’s Board of Trustees has determined in advance that a reimbursement is in the best interest of the Portfolio and its shareholders.   


Expenses not expressly assumed by the Adviser under the Advisory Agreement are paid by the Trust.  Under the terms of the Advisory Agreement, the Trust is responsible for the payment of the following expenses among others: (a) the fees payable to the Adviser, (b) the fees and expenses of Trustees who are not affiliated persons of the Adviser, (c) the fees and certain expenses of the custodian (as defined under the section entitled “Custodian”) and Transfer and Dividend Disbursing Agent (as defined under the section entitled “Transfer Agent”), including the cost of maintaining certain required records of the Trust and of pricing the Trust’s shares, (d) the charges and expenses of legal counsel and independent accountants for the Trust, (e) brokerage commissions and any issue or transfer taxes chargeable to the Trust in connection with its securities transactions, (f) all taxes and corporate fees payable by the Trust to governmental agencies, (g) the fees of any trade association of which the Trust may be a member, (h) the cost of share certificates representing shares of the Trust, (i) the cost of fidelity and liability insurance, (j) the fees and expenses involved in registering and maintaining registration of the Trust and of its shares with the SEC, qualifying its shares under state securities laws, including the preparation and printing of the Trust’s registration statements and prospectuses for such purposes, (k) all expenses of shareholders and Trustees’ meetings (including travel expenses of trustees and officers of the Trust who are directors, officers or employees of the Adviser) and of preparing, printing and mailing reports, proxy statements and prospectuses to shareholders in the amount necessary for distribution to the shareholders and (l) litigation and indemnification expenses and other extraordinary expenses not incurred in the ordinary course of the Trust’s business.


The Advisory Agreement continued in effect for two (2) years initially and thereafter continues from year to year provided such continuance is approved at least annually by (a) a vote of the majority of the Independent Trustees, cast in person at a meeting specifically called for the purpose of voting on such approval and by (b) the majority vote of either all of the Trustees or the vote of a majority of the outstanding shares of each Portfolio. The Advisory Agreement may be terminated without penalty on 60 days’ written notice by a vote of a majority of the Trustees or by the Adviser, or by holders of a majority of the Portfolio’s outstanding shares. The Advisory Agreement shall terminate automatically in the event of its assignment.




40








Codes of Ethics


The Trust, the Adviser and the Distributor each have adopted codes of ethics ( each a “Code”) under Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act that governs the personal securities transactions of their board members, officers and employees who may have access to current trading information of the Trust.  Under the code of ethics adopted by the Trust, the Trustees are permitted to invest in securities that may also be purchased by the Portfolio.


In addition, the Code, which applies only to the Trust’s executive officers to ensure that these officers promote professional conduct in the practice of corporate governance and management. The purpose behind these guidelines is to promote i) honest and ethical conduct, including the ethical handling of actual or apparent conflicts of interest between personal and professional relationships; ii) full, fair, accurate, timely, and understandable disclosure in reports and documents that a registrant files with, or submits to, the SEC and in other public communications made by the Portfolio; iii) compliance with applicable governmental laws, rule and regulations; iv) the prompt internal reporting of violations of that code to an appropriate person or persons identified in the code; and v) accountability for adherence to the code.


Proxy Voting Policies


The Board has adopted Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures (“Policies”) on behalf of the Trust, which delegate the responsibility for voting proxies of securities held by the Portfolio to the Adviser, subject to the Board’s continuing oversight. The Policies require that the Adviser vote proxies received in a manner consistent with the best interests of the Portfolio and its shareholders.  The Policies also require the Adviser to present to the Board, at least annually, the Adviser’s Proxy Policies and a record of each proxy voted by the Adviser on behalf of a Portfolio, including a report on the resolution of all proxies identified by the Adviser as involving a conflict of interest.


A copy of the Adviser’s Proxy Voting Policies is attached hereto as Appendix B.

More information. Information regarding how the Portfolio voted proxies relating to portfolio securities held by the Portfolio during the most recent 12-month period ending June 30 will be available (1) without charge, upon request, by calling the Portfolio at (1-866-263-9260); and (2) on the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov.


THE DISTRIBUTOR




41






Northern Lights Distributors, LLC (the “Distributor”) located at 17605 Wright Street, Omaha, Nebraska 68130, serves as the principal underwriter and national distributor for the shares of the Portfolio pursuant to an Underwriting Agreement with the Trust (the “Underwriting Agreement”). The Distributor is registered as a broker-dealer under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and each state’s securities laws and is a member of Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”). The offering of the Portfolio’s shares are continuous. The Underwriting Agreement provides that the Distributor, as agent in connection with the distribution of Portfolio shares, will use reasonable efforts to distribute the Portfolio’s shares.


The Underwriting Agreement provides that, unless sooner terminated, it will continue in effect for two years initially and thereafter shall continue from year to year, subject to annual approval by (a) the Board or a vote of a majority of the outstanding shares, and (b) by a majority of the Trustees who are not interested persons of the Trust or of the Distributor by vote cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such approval.

 

The Underwriting Agreement may be terminated by the Portfolio at any time, without the payment of any penalty, by vote of a majority of the entire Board of the Trust or by vote of a majority of the outstanding shares of the Portfolio on 60 days' written notice to the Distributor, or by the Distributor at any time, without the payment of any penalty, on 60 days' written notice to the Portfolio. The Underwriting Agreement will automatically terminate in the event of its assignment.


The following table sets forth the total compensation received by the Distributor from the Portfolio during the fiscal period ended December 31, 2013.


Fund

Net Underwriting Discounts and Commissions

Compensation on Redemptions and Repurchases

Brokerage Commissions

Other Compensation

Adaptive Allocation Portfolio

$0

$0

$0

$0

* The Distributor also receives 12b-1 fees from Fund as described under the following section entitled “Rule 12b-1 Plan”.


Rule 12b-1 Plan


Under the terms of the Portfolio’s Distribution Plan pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act (the “Plan”), the  Portfolio is authorized to pay the Distributor, participating insurance companies and other intermediaries compensation for account maintenance and shareholder services under the Plan and Agreement, an account maintenance/shareholder servicing fee at the annual rate of 0.25% and, for distribution, sales and promotional activities and services under this Plan and Agreement, incur distribution expenses at the annual rate of 0.75%, of the average net assets of the Portfolio.  Currently, the Board has



42






authorized the Portfolio to pay expenses under the Plan at a maximum annual rate of 0.50% of the average net assets of the Portfolio.  Shareholders will receive notice of any increase.  Such fees are to be paid by the Portfolio monthly, or at such other intervals as the Board shall determine. Such fees shall be based upon the Portfolio’s average daily net assets during the preceding month, and shall be calculated and accrued daily. The Distributor, participating insurance companies and other intermediaries shall use such fee, among other things, to pay interest and principal where such payments have been financed.


The Trust is required to provide a written report, at least quarterly to the Board of Trustees of the Trust, specifying in reasonable detail the amounts expended pursuant to the Plan and the purposes for which such expenditures were made.


The initial term of the Plan is one year and this will continue in effect from year to year thereafter, provided such continuance is specifically approved at least annually by a majority of the Board of Trustees of the Trust and a majority of the Trustees who are not “interested persons” of the Trust and do not have a direct or indirect financial interest in the Rule 12b-1 Plan (“Rule 12b-1 Trustees”) by votes cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on the Rule 12b-1 Plan.  The Plan may be terminated at any time by the Trust or the Portfolio by vote of a majority of the Rule 12b-1 Trustees or by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting shares of the Portfolio. The Plan will terminate automatically in the event of its assignment (as defined in the 1940 Act).


The Plan may not be amended to increase materially the amount paid by the Portfolio, unless such amendment is approved by the vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Portfolio (as defined in the 1940 Act). All material amendments must be approved by a majority of the Board of Trustees of the Trust and a majority of the Rule 12b- 1 Trustees by votes cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on a Rule 12b-1 Plan.  During the term of the Rule 12b-1 Plan, the selection and nomination of non-interested Trustees of the Trust will be committed to the discretion of current non-interested Trustees.  The Trust will preserve copies of the Plan, any related agreements, and all reports, for a period of not less than six years from the date of such document and for at least the first two years in an easily accessible place.


Any agreement related to the  Plan will be in writing and provide that: (a) it may be terminated by the Trust or the Portfolio at any time upon sixty days’ written notice, without the payment of any penalty, by vote of a majority of the respective Rule 12b-1 Trustees, or by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Trust or the Portfolio; (b) it will automatically terminate in the event of its assignment (as defined in the 1940 Act); and (c) it will continue in effect for a period of more than one year from the date of its execution or adoption only so long as such continuance is specifically approved at least annually by a majority of the Board and a majority of the Rule 12b-1 Trustees by votes cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such agreement.



43






During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013, the Portfolio paid $95,780 in distribution related fees pursuant to the Plan. For the fiscal year indicated below, the Portfolio paid the following allocated distribution fees:


Actual 12b-1 Expenditures Paid by Portfolio During the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2013

 

Total Dollars Allocated

Advertising/Marketing

  None

Printing/Postage

None

Payment to distributor

$12,712

Payment to dealers

$76,650

Compensation to sales personnel

None

Other

$6,418

Total

$95,780



PORTFOLIO MANAGERS


The Portfolio is managed by a team of professional money managers. The members of the team who are currently responsible for the day-to-day management of the Portfolio’s portfolio are Lewis Arno and Derek Bilcik.  As of December 31, 2013, they were responsible for the management of the following types of accounts:





Portfolio

Manager


Registered

Investment

Company

Accounts


Assets

Managed

($ millions)


Pooled

Investment

Vehicle

Accounts


Assets

Managed

($ millions)


Other

Accounts


Assets

Managed

($ millions)

Total

Assets

Managed

($ millions)

Lewis Arno

2

46.5

0

0

30

5.3

51.8

Derek Bilcik

2

46.5

0

0

35

5.6

52.1


As indicated in the table above, portfolio managers at the Adviser may manage numerous accounts for multiple clients.  These accounts may include registered investment companies, other types of pooled accounts (e.g., collective investment funds), and separate accounts (i.e., accounts managed on behalf of individuals or public or private institutions).  Portfolio managers make investment decisions for each account based on the investment objectives and policies and other relevant investment considerations applicable to that portfolio.


When a portfolio manager has responsibility for managing more than one account, potential conflicts of interest may arise.  Those conflicts could include preferential treatment of one account over others in terms of allocation of resources or of investment opportunities. For instance, the Adviser may receive fees from certain accounts that are higher than the fee it receives from the Portfolio, or it may receive a performance-based



44






fee on certain accounts. In those instances, the portfolio manager may have an incentive to favor the higher and/or performance-based fee accounts over the Portfolio. The Adviser has adopted policies and procedures designed to address these potential material conflicts.  For instance, portfolio managers within the Adviser are normally responsible for all accounts within a certain investment discipline, and do not, absent special circumstances, differentiate among the various accounts when allocating resources.  Additionally, the Adviser and its advisory affiliates utilize a system for allocating investment opportunities among portfolios that is designed to provide a fair and equitable allocation.


For their services to the Adviser, each portfolio manager receives a fixed, non-performance-based salary from the Adviser based upon length of service and experience.  No other forms of compensation, including performance-based bonuses are offered to portfolio managers by the Adviser.


Ownership of Securities.

The following table shows the dollar range of equity securities beneficially owned by the Portfolio Managers in the Portfolio as of December 31, 2013.


Name of Portfolio Manger

Dollar Range of Equity Securities in the Portfolio

Lewis Arno

None

Derek Bilcik

None

 


ALLOCATION OF PORTFOLIO BROKERAGE


  

Specific decisions to purchase or sell securities for the Portfolio are made by the portfolio manager who is an employee of the Adviser. The Adviser is authorized by the Trustees to allocate the orders placed by them on behalf of the Portfolio to brokers or dealers who may, but need not, provide research or statistical material or other services to the Portfolio or the Adviser for the Portfolio’s use. Such allocation is to be in such amounts and proportions as the Adviser may determine.


In selecting a broker or dealer to execute each particular transaction, the Adviser will take the following into consideration:

·

the best net price available;

·

the reliability, integrity and financial condition of the broker or dealer;

·

the size of and difficulty in executing the order; and

·

the value of the expected contribution of the broker or dealer to the investment performance of the Portfolio on a continuing basis.



45






Brokers or dealers executing a portfolio transaction on behalf of the Portfolio may receive a commission in excess of the amount of commission another broker or dealer would have charged for executing the transaction if the Adviser determines in good faith that such commission is reasonable in relation to the value of brokerage, research and other services provided to the Portfolio. In allocating portfolio brokerage, the Adviser may select brokers or dealers who also provide brokerage, research and other services to other accounts over which the Adviser exercises investment discretion. Some of the services received as the result of  Portfolio transactions may primarily benefit accounts other than the Portfolio’s, while services received as the result of portfolio transactions effected on behalf of those other accounts may primarily benefit the Portfolio.  However, a broker’s sale or promotion of Fund shares shall not be a factor considered by investment adviser personnel responsible for selecting brokers to effect securities transactions on behalf of the Portfolio, nor shall the Portfolio or the Adviser enter into any agreement or understanding under which the Portfolio directs brokerage transactions or revenue generated by those transactions to brokers to pay for distribution of Portfolio shares.


For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013, the Portfolio paid brokerage commissions of approximately $5,841. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012, the Portfolio paid brokerage commissions of approximately $20,961.  For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011, the Portfolio paid brokerage commissions of approximately $20,615.  


PORTFOLIO TURNOVER



The Portfolio engages in a high level of trading in seeking to achieve its investment objective.  The Portfolio’s portfolio turnover rate is calculated by dividing the lesser of purchases or sales of portfolio securities for the fiscal year by the monthly average of the value of the portfolio securities owned by the Portfolio during the fiscal year. A 100% portfolio turnover rate results, for example, if the equivalent of all the securities in the Portfolio’s portfolio is replaced in a one-year period.  The calculation excludes from both the numerator and the denominator securities with maturities at the time of acquisition of one year or less.  High portfolio turnover involves correspondingly greater brokerage commissions and other transaction costs, which will be borne directly by the Portfolio.  A 100% turnover rate would occur if all of the Portfolio’s portfolio securities were replaced once within a one-year period.


Portfolio turnover may vary greatly from year to year as well as within a particular year, and may be affected by cash requirements for redemption or shares.  The Portfolio is not restricted by policy with regard to portfolio turnover and will make changes in its investment portfolio from time to time as business and economic conditions as well as market prices may dictate. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013, the Portfolio’s turnover rate was 173%.   For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012, the Portfolio’s turnover rate was 343%.  For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011, the Portfolio’s turnover rate was 243%.  


46









OTHER SERVICE PROVIDERS


Fund Administration, Fund Accounting and Transfer Agent Services

  

Gemini Fund Services, LLC ("GFS"), which has its principal office at 80 Arkay Drive, Hauppauge, New York 11788, serves as administrator, fund accountant and transfer agent for the Portfolio pursuant to a Fund Services Agreement (the "Agreement") with the Portfolio and subject to the supervision of the Board.  GFS is primarily in the business of providing administrative, fund accounting and transfer agent services to retail and institutional mutual funds. GFS is an affiliate of the Distributor. GFS may also provide persons to serve as officers of the Portfolio. Such officers may be directors, officers or employees of GFS or its affiliates.


The Agreement became effective on February 23, 2011 and will remain in effect for two years from the applicable effective date for the Portfolio, and will continue in effect for successive twelve-month periods provided that such continuance is specifically approved at least annually by a majority of the Board.  The Agreement is terminable by the Board or GFS on 90 days' written notice and may be assigned by either party, provided that the Trust may not assign this Agreement without the prior written consent of GFS. The Agreement provides that GFS shall be without liability for any action reasonably taken or omitted pursuant to the Agreement.


Under the Agreement, GFS performs administrative services, including:  (1) monitoring the performance of administrative and professional services rendered to the Trust by others service providers; (2) monitoring Fund holdings and operations for post-trade compliance with the Fund’s registration statement and applicable laws and rules; (3) preparing and coordinating the printing of semi-annual and annual financial statements; (4) preparing selected management reports for performance and compliance analyses; (5) preparing and disseminating materials for and attending and participating in meetings of the Board; (6) determining income and capital gains available for distribution and calculating distributions required to meet regulatory, income, and excise tax requirements; (7) reviewing the Trust's federal, state, and local tax returns as prepared and signed by the Trust's independent public accountants; (8) preparing and maintaining the Trust's operating expense budget to determine proper expense accruals to be charged to each Fund to calculate its daily net asset value; (9) assisting in and monitoring the preparation, filing, printing and where applicable, dissemination to shareholders of amendments to the Trust’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A, periodic reports to the Trustees, shareholders and the SEC, notices pursuant to Rule 24f-2, proxy materials and reports to the SEC on Forms N-SAR, N-CSR, N-Q and N-PX; (10) coordinating the Trust's audits and examinations by assisting each Fund’s independent public accountants; (11) determining, in consultation with others, the jurisdictions in which shares of the Trust shall be registered or qualified for sale and facilitating such registration or qualification; (12) monitoring sales of shares and ensure that the shares are properly and



47






duly registered with the SEC; (13) monitoring the calculation of performance data for the Fund; (14) preparing, or cause to be prepared, expense and financial reports; (15) preparing authorizations for the payment of Trust expenses and pay, from Trust assets, all bills of the Trust; (16) providing information typically supplied in the investment company industry to companies that track or report price, performance or other information with respect to investment companies; (17) upon request, assisting each Fund in the evaluation and selection of other service providers, such as independent public accountants, printers, EDGAR providers and proxy solicitors (such parties may be affiliates of GFS) and (18) performing other services, recordkeeping and assistance relating to the affairs of the Trust as the Trust may, from time to time, reasonably request.


For the administrative services rendered to the Portfolio by GFS, the Portfolio pays GFS a fee which is equal to the greater of a minimum fee of $27,000 or 0.10% on the first $100 million of net assets of the Portfolio, 0.08% on the next $150 million of net assets of the Portfolio and 0.06% on net assets greater than $250 million on the average net assets of the Portfolio. The Portfolio also pays GFS for any out-of-pocket expenses.   For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013, the Portfolio paid $28,549 for administrative fees. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012, the Portfolio paid $32,551 for administrative fees. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011, the Portfolio paid $33,598 for administrative fees.


In its role as Custody Administrator, GFS receives an annual fee based upon a percentage of the Portfolio's assets, plus certain transactional charges.  There are no minimum fees for GFS's work as Custody Administrator.             

  

     GFS also provides the Portfolio with accounting services, including: (i) daily computation of net asset value; (ii) maintenance of security ledgers and books and records as required by the 1940 Act; (iii) production of the Portfolio's listing of portfolio securities and general ledger reports; (iv) reconciliation of accounting records; (v) calculation of yield and total return for the Portfolio; (vi) maintaining certain books and records described in Rule 31a-1 under the 1940 Act, and reconciling account information and balances between the Portfolio’s custodian and Adviser; and (vii) monitoring and evaluating daily income and expense accruals, and sales and redemptions of shares of the Portfolio.

For the accounting services rendered to the Portfolio under the Agreement, the Portfolio pays GFS a fee equal to a minimum annual fee of $21,600, plus a basis point fee after the first $25 million in assets, plus out-of-pocket expenses. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013, the Portfolio paid $21,601 for fund accounting fees. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012, the Portfolio paid $22,747 for fund accounting fees. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011, the Portfolio paid $22,991 for fund accounting fees.


   GFS also acts as transfer, dividend disbursing, and shareholder servicing agent for the Portfolio pursuant to the Agreement. Under the Agreement, GFS is responsible for administering and performing transfer agent functions, dividend distribution, shareholder



48






administration, and maintaining necessary records in accordance with applicable rules and regulations.

For the transfer agent services rendered to the Portfolio under the Agreement, the Portfolio pays GFS a transfer agency fee equal to a minimum fee of $13,500 or $14 per account.  The Portfolio also pays GFS for any out-of-pocket expenses. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013, the Portfolio paid $20,603 for transfer agency fees. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012, the Portfolio paid $19,634 for transfer agency fees. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011, the Portfolio paid $18,098 for transfer agency fees.


CUSTODIAN

  

First National Bank of Omaha (“FNBO” or the “Custodian”), 1620 Dodge Street, Omaha, NE 68197 serves as the custodian of the Portfolio’s assets pursuant to a Custody Agreement by and between FNBO and the Trust on behalf of the Portfolio.  FNBO’s responsibilities include safeguarding and controlling the Portfolio’s cash and securities, handling the receipt and delivery of securities, and collecting interest and dividends on the Portfolio’s investments. Pursuant to the Custody Agreement, FNBO also maintains original entry documents and books of record and general ledgers; posts cash receipts and disbursements; and records purchases and sales based upon communications from the Adviser. The Portfolio may employ foreign sub-custodians that are approved by the Board to hold foreign assets.


Custody Administration. Pursuant to the terms of the Portfolio’s Custody Administration Agreement with the Administrator (the “Custody Administration Agreement”), the Portfolio pays an asset-based fee in decreasing amounts as Portfolio assets reach certain breakpoints. The Portfolio also pays certain transaction fees and out-of-pocket expenses pursuant to the Custody Administration Agreement.


COMPLIANCE OFFICER


Northern Lights Compliance Services, LLC (“NLCS”), 17605 Wright Street, Suite 2, Omaha, NE 68130, an affiliate of GFS and the Distributor, provides a Chief Compliance Officer to the Trust as well as related compliance services pursuant to a consulting agreement between NLCS and the Trust. NLCS’s compliance services consist primarily of reviewing and assessing the policies and procedures of the Trust and its service providers pertaining to compliance with applicable federal securities laws, including Rule 38a-1 under the 1940 Act.  For the compliance services rendered to the Portfolio, the Portfolio pays NLCS a one-time fee of $2,500, plus an annual fee, based on Portfolio assets, ranging from $13,500 (net assets of $50 million or less) to $31,500 (net assets over $1 billion).  The Portfolio also pays NLCS for any out-of-pocket expenses. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013, the Portfolio paid $12,249 for compliance service fees. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012, the Portfolio paid $12,283 for compliance service fees. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011, the Portfolio paid $12,450 for compliance service fees.



49








DESCRIPTION OF SHARES


  

Each share of beneficial interest of the Trust has one vote in the election of Trustees. Cumulative voting is not authorized for the Trust. This means that the holders of more than 50% of the shares voting for the election of Trustees can elect 100% of the Trustees if they choose to do so, and, in that event, the holders of the remaining shares will be unable to elect any Trustees.


Shareholders of the Trust and any other future series of the Trust will vote in the aggregate and not by series except as otherwise required by law or when the Board determines that the matter to be voted upon affects only the interest of the shareholders of a particular series. Matters such as ratification of the independent public accountants and election of Trustees are not subject to separate voting requirements and may be acted upon by shareholders of the Trust voting without regard to series.


The Trust is authorized to issue an unlimited number of shares of beneficial interest.  Each share has equal dividend, distribution and liquidation rights. There are no conversion or preemptive rights applicable to any shares of the Portfolio. All shares issued are fully paid and non-assessable.


ANTI-MONEY LAUNDERING PROGRAM


  

The Trust has established an Anti-Money Laundering Compliance Program (the “Program”) as required by Section 352 the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001 (“USA PATRIOT Act”). To ensure compliance with this law, the Trust’s Program is written and has been approved by the Fund’s Board of Trustees.  The program provides for the development of policies, procedures and internal controls reasonably designed to prevent money laundering, the designation of an anti-money laundering compliance officers who is responsible for implementing and monitoring the Program, an ongoing anti-money laundering training for appropriate persons and an independent audit function to determine the effectiveness of the Program. The Trust’s secretary serves as its Anti-Money Laundering Compliance Officer.


Procedures to implement the Program include, but are not limited to, determining that the Fund’s Distributor and Transfer Agent have established reasonable anti-money laundering procedures, have reported suspicious and/or fraudulent activity and have completed thorough reviews of all new opening account applications. The Trust will not transact business with any person or entity whose identity cannot be adequately verified under the provisions of the USA PATRIOT Act.




50






As a result of the Program, the Trust may be required to “freeze” the account of a shareholder if the shareholder appears to be involved in suspicious activity or if certain account information matches information on government lists of known terrorists or other suspicious persons, or the Trust may be required to transfer the account or proceeds of the account to a governmental agency.


PURCHASE, REDEMPTION AND PRICING OF SHARES

  

Calculation of Share Price


As indicated in the Prospectus under the heading “How Shares are Priced,” the net asset value (“NAV”) of the Portfolio’s shares is determined by dividing the total value of the Portfolio’s portfolio investments and other assets, less any liabilities, by the total number of shares outstanding of the Portfolio.


Generally, securities are valued each day at the last quoted sales price on each security's principal exchange.  Securities traded or dealt in on one or more securities exchanges (whether domestic or foreign) for which market quotations are readily available and not subject to restrictions against resale shall be valued at the last quoted sales price on the primary exchange or, in the absence of a sale on the primary exchange, at the last bid on the primary exchange. Securities primarily traded in the National Association of Securities Dealers' Automated Quotation System ("NASDAQ") National Market System for which market quotations are readily available shall be valued using the NASDAQ Official Closing Price. Certain securities or investments for which daily market quotes are not readily available may be valued, pursuant to guidelines established by the Board, with reference to other securities or indices. Short-term investments having a maturity of 60 days or less are generally valued at amortized cost. Exchange traded options, futures and options on futures are valued at the settlement price determined by the exchange. Other securities for which market quotes are not readily available are valued at fair value as determined in good faith by the Board or persons acting at their direction.


Investments initially valued in currencies other than the U.S. dollar are converted to U.S. dollars using exchange rates obtained from pricing services. As a result, the NAV of the Portfolio’s shares may be affected by changes in the value of currencies in relation to the U.S. dollar. The value of securities traded in markets outside the United States or denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar may be affected significantly on a day that the New York Stock Exchange is closed and an investor is not able to purchase, redeem or exchange shares.


Portfolio shares are valued at the close of regular trading on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) (normally 4:00 p.m., Eastern time) (the “NYSE Close”) on each day that the New York Stock Exchange is open. For purposes of calculating the NAV, the Portfolio normally uses pricing data for domestic equity securities received


51






shortly after the NYSE Close and do not normally take into account trading, clearances or settlements that take place after the NYSE Close. Domestic fixed income and foreign securities are normally priced using data reflecting the earlier closing of the principal markets for those securities.  Information that becomes known to the Portfolio or its agents after the NAV has been calculated on a particular day will not generally be used to retroactively adjust the price of the security or the NAV determined earlier that day.  


In unusual circumstances, instead of valuing securities in the usual manner, the Portfolio may value securities at fair value or estimate their value as determined in good faith by the Board or their designees, pursuant to procedures approved by the Board. Fair valuation may also be used by the Board if extraordinary events occur after the close of the relevant market but prior to the NYSE Close.


The Portfolio may hold securities, such as private placements, interests in commodity pools, other non-traded securities or temporarily illiquid securities, for which market quotations are not readily available or are determined to be unreliable.  These securities will be valued at their fair market value as determined using the “fair value” procedures approved by the Board.  The Board has delegated execution of these procedures to a fair value team composed of one of more representatives from each of the (i) Trust, (ii) administrator, and (iii) Adviser and/or sub-adviser.  The team may also enlist third party consultants such as an audit firm or financial officer of a security issuer on an as-needed basis to assist in determining a security-specific fair value.  The Board reviews and ratifies the execution of this process and the resultant fair value prices at least quarterly to assure the process produces reliable results.


Fair Value Team and Valuation Process.  This team is composed of one of more representatives from each of the (i) Trust, (ii) administrator, and (iii) Adviser and/or sub-adviser.  The applicable investments are valued collectively via inputs from each of these groups.  For example, fair value determinations are required for the following securities:  (i) securities for which market quotations are insufficient or not readily available on a particular business day (including securities for which there is a short and temporary lapse in the provision of a price by the regular pricing source), (ii) securities for which, in the judgment of the adviser or sub-adviser, the prices or values available do not represent the fair value of the instrument.  Factors which may cause the adviser or sub-adviser to make such a judgment include, but are not limited to, the following: only a bid price or an asked price is available; the spread between bid and asked prices is substantial; the frequency of sales; the thinness of the market; the size of reported trades; and actions of the securities markets, such as the suspension or limitation of trading; (iii) securities determined to be illiquid; (iv) securities with respect to which an event that will affect the value thereof has occurred (a “significant event”) since the closing prices were established on the principal exchange on which they are traded, but prior to the Fund’s calculation of its net asset value.  Specifically, interests in commodity pools or managed futures pools are valued on a daily basis by reference to the closing market prices of each futures contract or other asset held by a pool, as adjusted for pool expenses.  Restricted or illiquid securities, such as private placements or non-traded securities are valued via inputs from the adviser or sub-adviser valuation based upon the current bid for the



52






security from two or more independent dealers or other parties reasonably familiar with the facts and circumstances of the security (who should take into consideration all relevant factors as may be appropriate under the circumstances).  If the Adviser or sub-adviser is unable to obtain a current bid from such independent dealers or other independent parties, the fair value team shall determine the fair value of such security using the following factors: (i) the type of security; (ii) the cost at date of purchase; (iii) the size and nature of the Fund's holdings; (iv) the discount from market value of unrestricted securities of the same class at the time of purchase and subsequent thereto; (v) information as to any transactions or offers with respect to the security; (vi) the nature and duration of restrictions on disposition of the security and the existence of any registration rights; (vii) how the yield of the security compares to similar securities of companies of similar or equal creditworthiness; (viii) the level of recent trades of similar or comparable securities; (ix) the liquidity characteristics of the security; (x) current market conditions; and (xi) the market value of any securities into which the security is convertible or exchangeable.


Standards For Fair Value Determinations.  As a general principle, the fair value of a security is the amount that a Fund might reasonably expect to realize upon its current sale. The Trust has adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board Statement of Financial Accounting Standards Codification Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures ("ASC 820"). In accordance with ASC 820, fair value is defined as the price that the Fund would receive upon selling an investment in a timely transaction to an independent buyer in the principal or most advantageous market of the investment.  ASC 820 establishes a three-tier hierarchy to maximize the use of observable market data and minimize the use of unobservable inputs and to establish classification of fair value measurements for disclosure purposes.  Inputs refer broadly to the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, including assumptions about risk, for example, the risk inherent in a particular valuation technique used to measure fair value including such a pricing model and/or the risk inherent in the inputs to the valuation technique. Inputs may be observable or unobservable. Observable inputs are inputs that reflect the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability developed based on market data obtained from sources independent of the reporting entity. Unobservable inputs are inputs that reflect the reporting entity's own assumptions about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, developed based on the best information available under the circumstances.


Various inputs are used in determining the value of each Fund's investments relating to ASC 820.  These inputs are summarized in the three broad levels listed below.


Level 1 – quoted prices in active markets for identical securities.


Level 2 – other significant observable inputs (including quoted prices for similar securities, interest rates, prepayment speeds, credit risk, etc.)


Level 3 – significant unobservable inputs (including a Fund’s own assumptions in determining the fair value of investments).



53







The fair value team takes into account the relevant factors and surrounding circumstances, which may include: (i) the nature and pricing history (if any) of the security; (ii) whether any dealer quotations for the security are available; (iii) possible valuation methodologies that could be used to determine the fair value of the security; (iv) the recommendation of a portfolio manager of the Fund with respect to the valuation of the security; (v) whether the same or similar securities are held by other funds managed by the Adviser (or sub-adviser) or other funds and the method used to price the security in those funds ; (vi) the extent to which the fair value to be determined for the security will result from the use of data or formulae produced by independent third parties and (vii) the liquidity or illiquidity of the market for the security.


Board of Trustees Determination.  The Board of Trustees meets at least quarterly to consider the valuations provided by fair value team and ratify valuations for the applicable securities. The Board of Trustees considers the reports provided by the fair value team, including follow up studies of subsequent market-provided prices when available, in reviewing and determining in good faith the fair value of the applicable portfolio securities.


The Trust expects that the New York Stock Exchange will be closed on the following holidays: New Year’s Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Presidents’ Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day, and Christmas Day.


Purchase of Shares


Orders for shares received by the Portfolio in good order prior to the NYSE Close on each day that the NYSE is open for trading are priced at the NAV per share computed as of the close of the regular session of trading on the NYSE. Orders received in good order after the NYSE Close, or on a day it is not open for trading, are priced at the close of such NYSE on the next day on which it is open for trading at the next determined NAV per share.


Redemption of Shares


The Portfolio will redeem all or any portion of a shareholder’s shares of the Portfolio when requested in accordance with the procedures set forth in the “Redemptions” section of the Prospectus. Under the 1940 Act, a shareholder’s right to redeem shares and to receive payment therefore may be suspended at times:

 

(a) when the NYSE is closed, other than customary weekend and holiday

closings;

(b) when trading on that exchange is restricted for any reason;

(c) when an emergency exists as a result of which disposal by the Portfolio of securities owned by it is not reasonably practicable or it is not reasonably practicable for


54






the Portfolio fairly to determine the value of its net assets, provided that applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) (or any succeeding governmental authority) will govern as to whether the conditions prescribed in (b) or (c) exist; or

(d) when the SEC by order permits a suspension of the right to redemption or a postponement of the date of payment on redemption.

 

In case of suspension of the right of redemption, payment of a redemption request will be made based on the net asset value next determined after the termination of the suspension.


TAX STATUS


The following discussion is general in nature and should not be regarded as an exhaustive presentation of all possible tax ramifications. All shareholders should consult a qualified tax adviser regarding their investment in the Portfolio.


The Portfolio has qualified and intends to continue to qualify and has elected to be treated as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), and intends to continue to so qualify, which requires compliance with certain requirements concerning the sources of its income, diversification of its assets, and the amount and timing of its distributions to shareholders. Such qualification does not involve supervision of management or investment practices or policies by any government agency or bureau. By so qualifying, the Portfolio should not be subject to federal income or excise tax on its net investment income or net capital gain, which are distributed to shareholders in accordance with the applicable timing requirements. Net investment income and net capital gain of the Portfolio will be computed in accordance with Section 852 of the Code.


Net investment income is made up of dividends and interest less expenses. Net capital gain for a fiscal year is computed by taking into account any capital loss carryforward of the Portfolio. Capital losses incurred in tax years beginning after December 22, 2010 may now be carried forward indefinitely and retain the character of the original loss.  Under previously enacted laws, capital losses could be carried forward to offset any capital gains for eight years, and carried forward as short-term capital, irrespective of the character of the original loss.  Capital loss carry forwards are available to offset future realized capital gains. To the extent that these carry forwards are used to offset future capital gains it is probable that the amount offset will not be distributed to shareholders.

 

The Portfolio intends to distribute all of its net investment income, any excess of net short-term capital gains over net long-term capital losses, and any excess of net long-term capital gains over net short-term capital losses in accordance with the timing requirements imposed by the Code and therefore should not be required to pay any federal income or excise taxes. Distributions of net investment income and net capital


55






gain will be made after June 30, the end of each fiscal year, and no later than December 31 of each year. Both types of distributions will be in shares of the Portfolio unless a shareholder elects to receive cash.


  To be treated as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Code, the Portfolio must also (a) derive at least 90% of its gross income from dividends, interest, payments with respect to securities loans, net income from certain publicly traded partnerships and gains from the sale or other disposition of securities or foreign currencies, or other income (including, but not limited to, gains from options, futures or forward contracts) derived with respect to the business of investing in such securities or currencies, and (b) diversify its holding so that, at the end of each fiscal quarter, (i) at least 50% of the market value of the Portfolio’s assets is represented by cash, U.S. government securities and securities of other regulated investment companies, and other securities (for purposes of this calculation, generally limited in respect of any one issuer, to an amount not greater than 5% of the market value of the Portfolio’s assets and 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer) and (ii) not more than 25% of the value of its assets is invested in the securities of (other than U.S. government securities or the securities of other regulated investment companies) any one issuer, two or more issuers which the Portfolio controls and which are determined to be engaged in the same or similar trades or businesses, or the securities of certain publicly traded partnerships.


If the Portfolio fails to qualify as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M in any fiscal year, it will be treated as a corporation for federal income tax purposes. As such the Portfolio would be required to pay income taxes on its net investment income and net realized capital gains, if any, at the rates generally applicable to corporations. Shareholders of the Portfolio generally would not be liable for income tax on the Portfolio’s net investment income or net realized capital gains in their individual capacities.


The Portfolio is subject to a 4% nondeductible excise tax on certain undistributed amounts of ordinary income and capital gain under a prescribed formula contained in Section 4982 of the Code. The formula requires payment to shareholders during a calendar year of distributions representing at least 98.2% of the Portfolio’s ordinary income for the calendar year and at least 98% of its capital gain net income (i.e., the excess of its capital gains over capital losses) realized during the one-year period ending October 31 during such year plus 100% of any income that was neither distributed nor taxed to the Portfolio during the preceding calendar year. Under ordinary circumstances, the Portfolio expects to time its distributions so as to avoid liability for this tax.


For a discussion of the tax consequences to holders of variable life or annuity contracts, refer to the prospectuses or other documents you received when you purchased your variable life or variable annuity contracts. Variable life or variable annuity contracts purchased through insurance company separate accounts provide for the accumulation of all earnings from interest, dividends, and capital appreciation without current federal income tax liability for the owner.  Depending on the variable annuity or variable life



56






contract, distributions from the contract may be subject to ordinary income tax and, in addition, on distributions before age 59 1/2, a 10% penalty tax.  Only the portion of a distribution attributable to income on the investment in the contract is subject to federal income tax.  Investors should consult with competent tax advisors for a more complete discussion of possible tax consequences in a particular situation.


Other Reporting and Withholding Requirements


 Payments to a shareholder that is either a foreign financial institution ("FFI") or a non-financial foreign entity ("NFFE") within the meaning of the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act ("FATCA") may be subject to a generally nonrefundable 30% withholding tax on: (a) income dividends paid by a Fund after June 30, 2014 and (b) certain capital gain distributions and the proceeds arising from the sale of Fund shares paid by the Fund after December 31, 2016.  FATCA withholding tax generally can be avoided: (a) by an FFI, subject to any applicable intergovernmental agreement or other exemption, if it enters into a valid agreement with the IRS to, among other requirements, report required information about certain direct and indirect ownership of  foreign financial accounts held by U.S. persons with the FFI and (b) by an NFFE, if it: (i) certifies that it has no substantial U.S. persons as owners or (ii) if it does have such owners, reports information relating to them. A Fund may disclose the information that it receives from its shareholders to the IRS, non-U.S. taxing authorities or other parties as necessary to comply with FATCA.  Withholding also may be required if a foreign entity that is a shareholder of a Fund fails to provide the Fund with appropriate certifications or other documentation concerning its status under FATCA.


Additional Diversification Requirement


In addition to the diversification requirements applicable to all regulated investment companies discussed above, the Code imposes certain diversification standards on the underlying assets of variable life or variable annuity contracts held in the Portfolio. The Code provides that a variable annuity contract shall not be treated as an annuity contract for any period (and any subsequent period) for which the investments are not, in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Treasury Department, adequately diversified. Disqualification of the variable life or variable annuity contract as such would result in immediate imposition of federal income tax on variable life or variable annuity contract owners with respect to earnings allocable to the contract. This liability would generally arise prior to the receipt of payments under the contract.


The Portfolio intends to comply, and continue to comply, with the diversification requirement imposed by Section 817(h) of the Code and the regulations thereunder on insurance company segregated asset (i.e., separate) accounts.  This requirement place certain limitations on the assets of each insurance company separate account, and, because Section 817(h) and those regulations treat the assets of the Portfolio as assets of the related separate account, of the Portfolio, that may be invested in securities of a single issuer.  Specifically, the regulations require that, except as permitted by the “safe harbor” described below, as of the end of each calendar quarter or within thirty days thereafter no more than 55% of the total assets of the Portfolio may be represented by any one



57






investment, no more than 70% by any two investments, no more than 80% by any three investments and no more than 90% by any four investments.  For this purpose, all securities of the same issuer are considered a single investment, and each U.S. government agency or instrumentality is considered a separate issuer.  Section 817(h) provides, as a safe harbor, that a separate account will be treated as being adequately diversified if the diversification requirements are satisfied and no more than 55% of the value of the account’s total assets are cash and cash items, U.S. Government Securities and securities of other registered investment companies.  Failure of the Portfolio to satisfy the Section 817(h) requirements would result in taxation of the insurance company issuing the Contracts and treatment of the holders other than as described in the applicable Contract prospectus.


Treasury regulations provide that a variable annuity contract will be able to look through to the assets held by the Portfolio for the purpose of meeting the diversification test if the Portfolio meets certain requirements.  The Portfolio will be managed in such a manner as to comply with the diversification requirements and to allow the variable annuity contracts to be treated as owning a proportionate share of the Portfolio’s assets. It is possible that in order to comply with the diversification requirements, less desirable investment decisions may be made which would affect the investment performance of the Portfolio.


The above discussion of the federal income tax treatment of the Portfolio assumes that all the insurance company accounts holding shares of the Portfolio are either segregated asset accounts underlying variable contracts as defined in Section 817(d) of the Code or the general account of an insurance company as defined in Section 816 of the Code.  Additional tax consequences may apply to holders of variable contracts investing in a Portfolio if any of those contracts are not treated as annuity, endowment or life insurance contracts.


Under Treasury regulations, if a shareholder realizes a loss on a disposition of the Portfolio’s shares of $2 million or more for an individual shareholder or $10 million or more for a corporate shareholder (such as an insurance company holding the separate accounts referenced in this SAI), the shareholder must file with the Internal Revenue Service a disclosure statement on Form 8886.  Direct shareholders of portfolio securities are in many cases excepted from this reporting requirement, but under current guidance, shareholders of a regulated investment company, such as the separate accounts that owns shares of the Portfolio, are not excepted. This filing requirement applies even though, as a practical matter, any such loss would not reduce the taxable income of the insurance company holding the separate accounts. Future guidance may extend the current exception from this reporting requirement to shareholders of most or all regulated investment companies.


Shareholders should consult their tax advisors about the application of federal, state and local and foreign tax law in light of their particular situation.


INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM



58







  

The Portfolio has selected BBD, LLP, located at 1835 Market Street, 26th Floor, Philadelphia, PA 19103 as its independent registered public accounting firm for the current fiscal year.  The firm provides services including (1) audit of annual financial statements, and (2) assistance and consultation in connection with SEC filings.


LEGAL COUNSEL


 

Thompson Hine LLP, 41 South High Street, Suite 1700, Columbus, Ohio 43215 serves as the Trust’s legal counsel.


FINANCIAL STATEMENTS



The financial statements and report of the independent registered public accounting firm required to be included in this SAI are hereby incorporated by reference to the Annual Report for the Portfolio for the fiscal year ended December 31,  2013. You can obtain a copy of the Annual Report without charge by calling the Portfolio at 1-866-263-9260.


59






APPENDIX A


DESCRIPTION OF BOND RATINGS

 

Standard & Poor’s Ratings Group. A Standard & Poor’s corporate bond rating is a current assessment of the credit worthiness of an obligor with respect to a specific obligation. This assessment of credit worthiness may take into consideration obligors, such as guarantors, insurers or lessees. The debt rating is not a recommendation to purchase, sell or hold a security, inasmuch as it does not comment as to market price or suitability for a particular investor.  

 

The ratings are based on current information furnished to Standard & Poor’s by the issuer or obtained by Standard & Poor’s from other sources it considers reliable. Standard & Poor’s does not perform any audit in connection with the ratings and may, on occasion, rely on unaudited financial information. The ratings may be changed, suspended or withdrawn as a result of changes in, unavailability of such information, or for other circumstances.

 

The ratings are based, in varying degrees, on the following considerations:

  

1.   Likelihood of default-capacity and willingness of the obligor as to the timely payment of interest and repayment of principal in accordance with the terms of the obligation.

 

2.   Nature of and provisions of the obligation.

 

3.  Protection afforded by, and relative position of, the obligation in the event of bankruptcy, reorganization or their arrangement under the laws of bankruptcy and other laws affecting creditors’ rights.

 

AAA - This is the highest rating assigned by Standard & Poor’s to a debt obligation and indicates an extremely strong capacity to pay interest and repay any principal.

 

AA - Debt rated AA also qualifies as high quality debt obligations. Capacity to pay interest and repay principal is very strong and in the majority of instances they differ from AAA issues only in small degree.

 

A - Debt rated A has a strong capacity to pay interest and repay principal although it is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than debt in higher rated categories.

 

BBB - Debt rated BBB is regarded as having an adequate capacity to pay interest and repay principal. Whereas they normally exhibit protection parameters, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a



60






weakened capacity to pay interest and repay principal for debt in this category than in higher rated categories.

 

BB, B, CCC, CC, C - Debt rated BB, B, CCC, CC and C is regarded, on a balance, as predominantly speculative with respect to capacity to pay interest and repay principal in accordance with the terms of the obligation.

 

BB indicates the lowest degree of speculation and C the highest degree of speculation. While such debt will likely have some quality and protective characteristics, these are outweighed by large uncertainties or major risk exposures to adverse conditions.

 

BB - Debt rated BB has less near-term vulnerability to default than other speculative issues. However, it faces major ongoing uncertainties or exposure to adverse business, financial, or economic conditions which could lead to inadequate capacity to meet timely interest and principal payments. The BB rating category is also used for debt subordinated to senior debt that is assigned an actual or implied BBB rating.

 

B - Debt rated B has greater vulnerability to default but currently has the capacity to meet interest payments and principal repayments. Adverse business, financial, or economic conditions will likely impair capacity or willingness to pay interest and repay principal. The B rating category is also used for debt subordinated to senior debt that is assigned an actual or implied BB or BB- rating.

 

CCC - Debt rated CCC has a currently indefinable vulnerability to default, and is dependent upon favorable business, financial and economic conditions to meet timely payment of interest and repayment of principal. In the event of adverse business, financial or economic conditions, it is not likely to have the capacity to pay interest and repay principal. The CCC rating category is also used for debt subordinated to senior debt that is assigned an actual or implied B or B- rating.

 

CC - The rating CC is typically applied to debt subordinated to senior debt that is assigned an actual or implied CCC rating.

 

C - The rating C is typically applied to debt subordinated to senior debt which is assigned an actual or implied CCC- debt rating. The C rating may be used to cover a situation where a bankruptcy petition has been filed, but debt service payments are continued.

 

C1 - The rating C1 is reserved for income bonds on which no interest is being paid.

 

D - Debt rated D is in payment default. It is used when interest payments or principal payments are not made on a due date even if the applicable grace period has not expired, unless Standard & Poor’s believes that such payments will be made during such grace periods; it will also be used upon a filing of a bankruptcy petition if debt service payments are jeopardized. Plus (+) or Minus (-) - To provide more detailed indications of



61






credit quality, the ratings from AA to CCC may be modified by the addition of a plus or minus sign to show relative standing within the major rating categories.


NR - indicates that no public rating has been requested, that there is insufficient information on which to base a rating, or that Standard & Poor’s does not rate a particular type of obligation as a matter of policy. Debt obligations of issuers outside the United States and its territories are rated on the same basis as domestic corporate issues. The ratings measure the credit worthiness of the obligor but do not take into account currency exchange and related uncertainties.

 

Bond Investment Quality Standards: Under present commercial bank regulations issued by the Comptroller of the Currency, bonds rated in the top four categories (AAA, AA, A, BBB, commonly known as “Investment Grade” ratings) are generally regarded as eligible for bank investment. In addition, the Legal Investment Laws of various states may impose certain rating or other standards for obligations eligible for investment by savings banks, trust companies, insurance companies and fiduciaries generally.

 

Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. A brief description of the applicable Moody’s rating symbols and their meanings follows:

 

Aaa - Bonds which are rated Aaa are judged to be of the best quality. They carry the smallest degree of investment risk and are generally referred to as “gilt edge”. Interest payments are protected by a large or by an exceptionally stable margin and principal is secure. While the various protective elements are likely to change such changes as can be visualized are most unlikely to impair the fundamentally strong position of such issues.

 

Aa - Bonds which are rated Aa are judged to be of high quality by all standards. Together with the Aaa group they comprise what are generally known as high grade bonds. They are rated lower than the best bonds because margins of protection may not be as large as in Aaa securities or fluctuations of protective elements may be of greater amplitude or there may be other elements present which make the long-term risks appear somewhat larger than in Aaa securities.

 

A - Bonds which are rated A possess many favorable investment attributes and are to be considered as upper medium grade obligations. Factors giving security to principal and interest are considered adequate, but elements may be present which suggest a susceptibility to impairment sometime in the future.

 

Baa - Bonds which are rated Baa are considered as medium grade obligations, i.e., they are neither highly protected nor poorly secured. Interest payments and principal security appear adequate for the present but certain protective elements may be lacking or may be characteristically unreliable over any great length of time. Some bonds lack outstanding investment characteristics and in fact have speculative characteristics as well.

 



62






NOTE: Bonds within the above categories which possess the strongest investment attributes are designated by the symbol “1” following the rating.

 

Ba - Bonds which are rated Ba are judged to have speculative elements; their future cannot be considered as well assured. Often the protection of interest and principal payments may be very moderate and thereby not well safeguarded during good and bad times over the future. Uncertainty of position characterizes bonds in this class.

 

B - Bonds which are rated B generally lack characteristics of the desirable investment. Assurance of interest and principal payments or of maintenance of other terms of the contract over any long period of time may be small.

 

Caa - Bonds which are rated Caa are of poor standing. Such issues may be in default or there may be present elements of danger with respect to principal or interest.

 

Ca - Bonds which are rated Ca represent obligations which are speculative in a high degree. Such issues are often in default or have other marked shortcomings.

 

C - Bonds which are rated C are the lowest rated class of bonds and issue so rated can be regarded as having extremely poor prospects of ever attaining any real investment standing.

 

Duff & Phelps, Inc.: AAA-- highest credit quality, with negligible risk factors; AA -- high credit quality, with strong protection factors and modest risk, which may vary very slightly from time to time because of economic conditions; A-- average credit quality with adequate protection factors, but with greater and more variable risk factors in periods of economic stress. The indicators “+” and “-” to the AA and A categories indicate the relative position of a credit within those rating categories.

 

Fitch Investors Service LLP: AAA -- highest credit quality, with an exceptionally strong ability to pay interest and repay principal; AA -- very high credit quality, with very strong ability to pay interest and repay principal; A -- high credit quality, considered strong as regards principal and interest protection, but may be more vulnerable to adverse changes in economic conditions and circumstances. The indicators “+” and “-” to the AA, A and BBB categories indicate the relative position of credit within those rating categories.

 


DESCRIPTION OF NOTE RATINGS


A Standard & Poor’s note rating reflects the liquidity concerns and market access risks unique to notes. Notes due in three years or less will likely receive a note rating. Notes maturing beyond three years will most likely receive a long-term debt rating. The following criteria will be used in making that assessment.

 


63






Amortization schedule (the larger the final maturity relative to other maturities the more likely it will be treated as a note).

 

Source of Payment (the more dependent the issue is on the market for its refinancing, the more likely it will be treated as a note.) Note rating symbols are as

follows:

·

SP-1 Very strong or strong capacity to pay principal and interest. Those issues determined to possess overwhelming safety characteristics will be given a plus (+) designation.

·

SP-2 Satisfactory capacity to pay principal and interest.

·

SP-3 Speculative capacity to pay principal and interest.

Moody’s Short-Term Loan Ratings - Moody’s ratings for state and municipal short-term obligations will be designated Moody’s Investment Grade (MIG). This distinction is in recognition of the differences between short-term credit risk and long-term risk. Factors affecting the liquidity of the borrower are uppermost in importance in short-term borrowing, while various factors of major importance in bond risk are of lesser importance over the short run.

 

Rating symbols and their meanings follow:

·

MIG 1 - This designation denotes best quality. There is present strong protection by established cash flows, superior liquidity support or demonstrated broad-based access to the market for refinancing.

·

MIG 2 - This designation denotes high quality. Margins of protection are ample although not so large as in the preceding group.

·

MIG 3 - This designation denotes favorable quality. All security elements are accounted for but this is lacking the undeniable strength of the preceding grades. Liquidity and cash flow protection may be narrow and market access for refinancing is likely to be less well established.

·

MIG 4 - This designation denotes adequate quality. Protection commonly regarded as required of an investment security is present and although not distinctly or predominantly speculative, there is specific risk.


COMMERCIAL PAPER RATINGS


Moody’s Investors Service, Inc.: Commercial paper rated “Prime” carries the smallest degree of investment risk. The modifiers 1, 2, and 3 are used to denote relative strength within this highest classification.


Standard & Poor’s Ratings Group: “A” is the highest commercial paper rating category utilized by Standard & Poor’s Ratings Group which uses the numbers 1+, 1, 2 and 3 to denote relative strength within its “A” classification.




64






Duff & Phelps Inc.: Duff 1 is the highest commercial paper rating category utilized by Duff & Phelps which uses + or - to denote relative strength within this classification. Duff 2 represents good certainty of timely payment, with minimal risk factors. Duff 3 represents satisfactory protection factors, with risk factors larger and subject to more variation.


Fitch Investors Service LLP: F-1+ -- denotes exceptionally strong credit quality given to issues regarded as having strongest degree of assurance for timely payment; F-1 -- very strong, with only slightly less degree of assurance for timely payment than F-1+; F-2 -- good credit quality, carrying a satisfactory degree of assurance for timely payment.

 

 


65







APPENDIX B


CRITICAL MATH ADVISORS, LLC


PROXY AND CORPORATE ACTION VOTING

POLICIES AND PROCEDURES


I.

POLICY

Critical Math Advisors, LLC (the “Adviser”) acts as discretionary investment adviser for various clients, which may include clients governed by the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (“ERISA”) and registered open-end investment companies (“mutual funds”).  Adviser’s authority to vote proxies or act with respect to other shareholder actions is established through the delegation of discretionary authority under our investment advisory contracts.  Therefore, unless a client (including a “named fiduciary” under ERISA) specifically reserves the right, in writing, to vote its own proxies or to take shareholder action with respect to other corporate actions requiring shareholder actions, Adviser will vote all proxies and act on all other actions in a timely manner as part of its full discretionary authority over client assets in accordance with these Policies and Procedures.  Corporate actions may include, for example and without limitation, tender offers or exchanges, bankruptcy proceedings, and class actions.


When voting proxies or acting with respect to corporate actions for clients, Adviser’s utmost concern is that all decisions be made solely in the best interest of the client (and for ERISA accounts, plan beneficiaries and participants, in accordance with the letter and spirit of ERISA).  Adviser will act in a prudent and diligent manner intended to enhance the economic value of the assets of the client’s account.


II.

PURPOSE

The purpose of these Policies and Procedures is to memorialize the procedures and policies adopted by Adviser to enable it to comply with its fiduciary responsibilities to clients and the requirements of Rule 206(4)-6 under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (“Advisers Act”).  These Policies and Procedures also reflect the fiduciary standards and responsibilities set forth by the Department of Labor for ERISA accounts.


III.

PROCEDURES

The Chief Compliance Officer of the Adviser is ultimately responsible for ensuring that all proxies received by Adviser are voted in a timely manner and in a manner consistent with the Adviser’s determination of the client’s best interests.  Although many proxy proposals can be voted in accordance with the Adviser’s established guidelines (see Section V. below, “Guidelines”), the Adviser recognizes that


66






some proposals require special consideration which may dictate that the Adviser makes an exception to the Guidelines.  


The Chief Compliance Officer of the Adviser is also responsible for ensuring that all corporate action notices or requests which require shareholder action received by Adviser are addressed in a timely manner and consistent action is taken across all similarly situated client accounts.


A.

Conflicts of Interest

Examples of potential conflicts of interest include situations where the Adviser or an affiliate, or personnel of either entity:

• Manages a pension plan of a company whose management is soliciting proxies;

• Has a material business relationship with a proponent of a proxy proposal and this business relationship may influence how the proxy vote is cast;

• Has a business or personal relationship with participants in a proxy contest, corporate directors or candidates for directorships.


Where a proxy proposal raises a material conflict between Adviser’s interests and a client’s interest, including a mutual fund client, Adviser will resolve such a conflict in the manner described below:


1.

Vote in Accordance with the Guidelines.  To the extent that the Adviser has little or no discretion to deviate from the Guidelines with respect to the proposal in question, the Adviser shall vote in accordance with such pre-determined voting policy.

2.

Obtain Consent of Clients.  To the extent that Adviser has discretion to deviate from the Guidelines with respect to the proposal in question, Adviser will disclose the conflict to the relevant clients and obtain their consent to the proposed vote prior to voting the securities.  The disclosure to the client will include sufficient detail regarding the matter to be voted on and the nature of Adviser’s conflict that the client would be able to make an informed decision regarding the vote.  If a client does not respond to such a conflict disclosure request or denies the request, Adviser will abstain from voting the securities held by that client’s account.  

3.

Client Directive to Use an Independent Third Party.  Alternatively, a client may, in writing, specifically direct Adviser to forward all proxy matters in which Adviser has a conflict of interest regarding the client’s securities to an identified independent third party for review and recommendation.  Where such independent third party’s recommendations are received on a timely basis, Adviser will vote all such proxies in accordance with such third party’s recommendation.  If the third party’s recommendations are not



67






timely received, Adviser will abstain from voting the securities held by that client’s account.

The Chief Compliance Officer of the Adviser will review the proxy proposal for conflicts of interest as part of the overall vote review process.  All material conflict of interest so identified by Adviser will be addressed as described above in this Section III.A.

B.

Limitations

In certain circumstances, in accordance with a client’s investment advisory contract (or other written directive) or where Adviser has determined that it is in the client’s best interest, Adviser will not vote proxies received.  The following are certain circumstances where Adviser will limit its role in voting proxies:


1.

Client Maintains Proxy Voting Authority:  Where client specifies in writing that it will maintain the authority to vote proxies itself or that it has delegated the right to vote proxies to a third party, Adviser will not vote the securities and will direct the relevant custodian to send the proxy material directly to the client.  If any proxy material is received by Adviser, it will promptly be forwarded to the client or specified third party.

2.

Terminated Account:  Once a client account has been terminated with Adviser in accordance with its investment advisory agreement, Adviser will not vote any proxies received after the termination.  However, the client may specify in writing that proxies should be directed to the client (or a specified third party) for action.

3.

Limited Value:  If Adviser determines that the value of a client’s economic interest or the value of the portfolio holding is indeterminable or insignificant, Adviser may abstain from voting a client’s proxies.  Adviser also will not vote proxies received for securities that are no longer held by the client’s account.  In addition, Adviser generally will not vote securities where the economic value of the securities in the client account is less than $500.

4.

Securities Lending Programs:  When securities are out on loan, they are transferred into the borrower’s name and are voted by the borrower, in its discretion.  However, where Adviser determines that a proxy vote (or other shareholder action) is materially important to the client’s account, Adviser may recall the security for purposes of voting.

5.

Unjustifiable Costs:  In certain circumstances, after doing a cost-benefit analysis, Adviser may abstain from voting where the cost



68






of voting a client’s proxy would exceed any anticipated benefits to the client of the proxy proposal.

6.

Investments in Other Investment Companies: To the extent the Fund invests in other investment companies, the Fund is required by the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “IC Act”) to handle proxies received from these investment companies in a certain manner.  In particular it is the policy of the Adviser to vote all proxies received from other investment companies in the same proportion that all shares of the other investment companies are voted, or in accordance with instructions received from fund shareholders. All proxies received from other investment companies will be reviewed with the Chief Compliance Officer of the Adviser or appropriate legal counsel to ensure proper voting.  After properly voted, the proxy materials are placed in a file maintained by the Chief Compliance Officer of the Adviser for future reference.  


IV.

RECORD KEEPING

In accordance with Rule 204-2 under the Advisers Act, Adviser will maintain for the time periods set forth in the Rule (i) these proxy voting procedures and policies, and all amendments thereto; (ii) all proxy statements received regarding client securities (provided however, that Adviser may rely on the proxy statement filed on EDGAR as its records); (iii) a record of all votes cast on behalf of clients; (iv) records of all client requests for proxy voting information and a copy of any written response by the Adviser to any such client request; (v) any documents prepared by Adviser that were material to making a decision how to vote or that memorialized the basis for the decision; and (vi) all records relating to requests made to clients regarding conflicts of interest in voting the proxy.


Adviser will describe in its Part II of Form ADV (or other brochure fulfilling the requirement of Rule 204-3) its proxy voting policies and procedures and will inform clients how they may obtain information on how Adviser voted proxies with respect to the clients’ portfolio securities.  Clients may obtain information on how their securities were voted or a copy of Adviser’s Policies and Procedures by written request addressed to Adviser.  Adviser will coordinate with all mutual fund clients to assist in the provision of all information required to be filed by such mutual funds on Form N-PX.


V.

GUIDELINES FOR MUTUAL FUND CLIENTS OF THE ADVISER

Each proxy issue will be considered individually.  The following guidelines are a partial list to be used in voting proposals contained in the proxy statements, but will not be used as rigid rules.



69






A.

Oppose

The Adviser will generally vote against any management proposal that clearly has the effect of restricting the ability of shareholders to realize the full potential value of their investment.  Proposals in this category would include:

1.

Issues regarding the issuer’s Board entrenchment and anti-takeover measures such as the following:

a.

Proposals to stagger board members’ terms;

b.

Proposals to limit the ability of shareholders to call special meetings;

c.

Proposals to require super majority votes;

d.

Proposals requesting excessive increases in authorized common or preferred shares where management provides no explanation for the use or need of these additional shares;

e.

Proposals regarding “fair price” provisions;

f.

Proposals regarding “poison pill” provisions; and

g.

Permitting “green mail”.

2.

Providing cumulative voting rights.

3.

“Social issues,” unless specific client guidelines supersede.

B.

Approve

Routine proposals are those that do not change the structure, bylaws, or operations of the corporation to the detriment of the shareholders.  Given the routine nature of these proposals, proxies will nearly always be voted with management.  Traditionally, these issues include:

1.

Routine Election of directors recommended by management, except if there is a proxy fight.

2.

Election of auditors recommended by management, unless seeking to replace if there exists a dispute over policies.

3.

Date and place of annual meeting.

4.

Limitation on charitable contributions or fees paid to lawyers.



70






5.

Ratification of directors’ actions on routine matters since previous annual meeting.

6.

Confidential voting

Confidential voting is most often proposed by shareholders as a means of eliminating undue management pressure on shareholders regarding their vote on proxy issues.

The Adviser will generally approve these proposals as shareholders can later divulge their votes to management on a selective basis if a legitimate reason arises.

7.

Limiting directors’ liability

8.

Eliminate preemptive right

Preemptive rights give current shareholders the opportunity to maintain their current percentage ownership through any subsequent equity offerings. These provisions are no longer common in the U.S., and can restrict management's ability to raise new capital.

9.

The Adviser generally approves the elimination of preemptive rights, but will oppose the elimination of limited preemptive rights, e.g., on proposed issues representing more than an acceptable level of total dilution.

10.

Employee Stock Purchase Plan

11.

Establish 401(k) Plan

C.

Case-By-Case

The Adviser will review each issue in this category on a case-by-case basis.  Voting decisions will be made based on the financial interest of the client.  These matters include:

1.

Pay directors solely in stocks

2.

Eliminate director mandatory retirement policy

3.

Rotate annual meeting location/date

4.

Option and stock grants to management and directors

5.

Allowing indemnification of directors and/or officers after reviewing the applicable laws

6.

and extent of protection requested.



71






D.

Proxies issued by Underlying Investment Companies

The Adaptive Allocation Fund, a series of the Northern Lights Fund Trust, and the Adaptive Allocation Portfolio (together with the Adaptive Allocation Fund, the “Funds”), a series of the Northern Lights Variable Trust, pursue their investment goals in part by investing in other investment companies that are not affiliated with the Funds (“Underlying Funds”).  As such, the Funds are required by the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”) to handle proxies received from Underlying Funds in a certain manner.  In particular, it is the policy of the Adviser to vote all proxies received from the Underlying Funds in the same proportion that all shares of the Underlying Funds are voted, or in accordance with instructions received from Funds shareholders, pursuant to Section 12(d)(1)(F) of the 1940 Act.  All proxies received from Underlying Funds will be reviewed to ensure proper voting.  After properly voted, the proxy materials are placed in a file maintained by the Adviser for future reference.  

CAVEAT: The Firm ONLY votes proxies solicited by issuers of securities owned by Adaptive Allocation Fund and Adaptive Allocation Portfolio. Otherwise, the Firm does not vote individual client proxies.






72







Northern Lights Variable Trust

PART C

OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 28.

EXHIBITS.  

 

 

(a)(1)



Agreement and Declaration of Trust dated November 4, 2004.  Previously filed on February 14, 2006 as Exhibit (a)(1) to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File numbers 811-21853 and 333-131820)(hereinafter referred to as the “Registrant’s Registration Statement”), and hereby incorporated by reference.

(a)(2)

Certificate of Trust dated November 4, 2004.  Previously filed on February 14, 2006 as Exhibit (a)(2) to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and hereby incorporated by reference.

(b)

By-Laws. Previously filed on February 14, 2006 as Exhibit (b) to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and hereby incorporated by reference.

(c)

Instruments Defining Rights of Security Holders.   See Article III, “Shares” and Article V “Shareholders’ Voting Powers and Meetings” of the Registrant’s Agreement and Declaration of Trust. See also, Article II, “Meetings of Shareholders” of the Registrant’s By-Laws.

(d)(1)

Investment Advisory Agreement between the Registrant, with respect to the JNF Equity and Balanced , and JNF Advisors, Inc., was filed on May 1, 2008 as Exhibit (d)(3) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 14 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and hereby incorporated by reference.

(d)(2)

Sub-Advisory Agreement between JNF Advisors, Inc. and Chicago Equity Partners, LLC with respect to the JNF Equity and Balanced Portfolios, was filed on February 4, 2008 as Exhibit (d)(4) to Pre-Effective Amendment No. 11 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(d)(3)

Investment Advisory Agreement between the Registrant, with respect to the Adaptive Allocation Portfolio, and Critical Math Advisors, LLC, was filed on February 4, 2008 as Exhibit (d)(5) to Pre-Effective Amendment No. 11 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(d)(4)

Investment Advisory Agreement between the Registrant, with respect to the Changing Parameters Portfolio, and Changing Parameters LLC, was filed on February 4, 2008 as Exhibit (d)(6) to Pre-Effective Amendment No. 11 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(d)(5)

Investment Advisory Agreement between the Registrant, with respect to TOPS®   Capital Preservation ETF Portfolio, TOPS®   Balanced ETF Portfolio, TOPS®   Moderate Growth  ETF Portfolio ,TOPS®   Growth ETF Portfolio, TOPS®   Aggressive Growth ETF Portfolio, TOPS®   Managed Risk Balanced ETF Portfolio, TOPS®   Managed Risk Moderate Growth ETF Portfolio and TOPS®   Managed Risk Growth ETF Portfolio and  ValMark Advisers, Inc. was filed on April 18, 2011 as Exhibit (d)(9) to Pre-Effective Amendment No. 33 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference..

(d)(6)

Sub-Advisory Agreement between ValMark Advisers, Inc. and Milliman Financial Risk Management, LLC, with respect to TOPS®     Managed Risk Balanced ETF Portfolio, TOPS®     Managed Risk Moderate Growth ETF Portfolio and TOPS®     Managed Risk Growth ETF Portfolio was filed on April 26, 2011 as Exhibit (d)(10) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 34 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(d)(7)

Investment Advisory Agreement between the Registrant, with respect to Astor Long/Short ETF Portfolio and Astor Asset Management, LLC to be filed by amendment.

(d)(8)

Investment Advisory Agreement between the Registrant, with respect to 7Twelve Balanced Portfolio and 7Twelve Advisors, LLC was filed on November 23, 2011 as Exhibit (d)(13) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 43 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(d)(9)

Investment Advisory Agreement between the Registrant, with respect to BCM Decathlon Conservative Portfolio, BCM Decathlon Moderate Portfolio and BCM Decathlon Aggressive Portfolio and Beaumont Financial Partners, LLC (d.b.a. BFP Capital Management) was filed on April 25, 2012 as Exhibit (d)(14) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 57 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(d)(10)

Form of Investment Advisory Agreement between the Registrant, with respect to Mariner Hyman Beck Portfolio and RJO Investment Management, LLC was filed on May 1, 2012 as Exhibit (d)(15) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 60 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(d)(11)

Form of Investment Advisory Agreement between the Registrant, with respect to Power Income VIT Fund and W.E. Donoghue & Co., Inc. was filed on April 23, 2012 as Exhibit (d)(16) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 56 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(d)(12)

Form of Investment Advisory Agreement between the Registrant, with respect to Innealta Capital Country Rotation Portfolio and Innealta Capital Sector Rotation Portfolio and Al Frank Asset Management, Inc. (the Innealta Capital division), was filed on October 9, 2012 as Exhibit (d)(12) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 67 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference...

(d)(13)

Form of Investment Advisory Agreement between the Registrant, with respect to Leader Short-Term Bond Portfolio and Leader Capital Corp. was filed on October 16, 2012 as Exhibit (d)(13) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 68 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(d)(14)

Form of Investment Advisory Agreement between the Registrant, with respect to CAM Hedge VIT Fund and Commerce Asset Management, LLC was filed on February 20, 2013 as Exhibit (d)(14) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 76 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(d)(15)

Investment Advisory Agreement between the Registrant, with respect to BTS Tactical Fixed Income VIT Fund and BTS Asset Management, Inc. was filed on April 3, 2013 as Exhibit (d)(15) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 80 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(d)(16)

Form of Investment Advisory Agreement between the Registrant, with respect to Probabilities VIT Fund and Probabilities Fund Management, LLC was filed on April 15, 2013 as Exhibit (d)(16) to Post-Effective Amendment No.82 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(d)(17)

Form of Investment Advisory Agreement between the Registrant, with respect to the Even Keel Premium Income Fund and Milliman Financial Risk Management LLC was filed on April 24, 2013 as Exhibit (d)(17) to Post-Effective Amendment No.92 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(d)(18)

Investment Advisory Agreement between the Registrant, with respect to TOPS®   Managed Risk Flex ETF Portfolio and ValMark Advisers, Inc. was filed on May 22, 2013 as Exhibit (d)(18) to Post-Effective Amendment No.98 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(d)(19)

Form of Sub-Advisory Agreement between ValMark Advisers, Inc. and Milliman Financial Risk Management, LLC, with respect to TOPS®   Managed Risk Flex ETF Portfolio was filed on May 22, 2013 as Exhibit (d)(19) to Post-Effective Amendment No.98 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(d)(20)

Investment Advisory Agreement between the Registrant, with respect to JNF SSgA Retirement Income Portfolio and JNF Advisors, Inc. was filed on March 3, 2014 as Exhibit (d)(20) to Post-Effective Amendment No.105 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(d)(21)

Sub-Advisory Agreement between JNF Advisors, Inc. and SSgA Funds Management, Inc. with respect to JNF SSgA Retirement Income Portfolio was filed on March 3, 2014 as Exhibit (d)(21) to Post-Effective Amendment No.105 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(e)

Underwriting Agreement between the Registrant and Northern Lights Distributors LLC, was filed on April 16, 2012 as Exhibit (e) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 54 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(f)

Bonus or Profit Sharing Contracts. Not Applicable.

(g)(1)

Custody Agreement between the Registrant and Bank of New York Mellon was filed on February 4, 2008 as Exhibit (g)(1) to Pre-Effective Amendment No. 11 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(g)(2)

Custody Agreement between the Registrant and the First National Bank of Omaha was filed on February 4, 2008 as Exhibit (g)(2) to Pre-Effective Amendment No. 11 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(g)(3)

Custody Agreement between the Registrant and Fifth Third Bank was filed on June 5, 2009 as Exhibit (g)(4) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 21 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and hereby incorporated by reference.

(g)(4)

Custody Agreement between the Registrant and Union Bank, N.A. was filed on October 9, 2012 as Exhibit (g)(4) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 67 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and hereby incorporated by reference.

(h)(1)

Fund Accounting Service Agreement between the Registrant and Gemini Fund Services, LLC was filed on February 6, 2007 as Exhibit (h)(1) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 2 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(h)(2)

Administration Service Agreement between the Registrant and Gemini Fund Services, LLC was filed on February 6, 2007 as Exhibit (h)(2) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 2 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(h)(3)

Transfer Agency Service Agreement between the Registrant and Gemini Fund Services, LLC was filed on February 6, 2007 as Exhibit (h)(3) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 2 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(h)(4)

Custody Administration Agreement between Registrant and the Administrator with respect to certain Funds of the Trust, was filed on February 6, 2007 as Exhibit (h)(6) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 2 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(h)(5)

Expense Limitation Agreement between the Registrant, with respect to each JNF Portfolio, and JNF Advisors, Inc., was filed on May 1, 2008 as Exhibit (h)(7) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 14 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and hereby incorporated by reference.

(h)(6)

Form of Expense Limitation Agreement between the Registrant, with respect to the Adaptive Allocation Portfolio, and Critical Math Advisors, LLC, is filed herewith.

(h)(7)

Participation Agreement between the Registrant, with respect to the each JNF Portfolio, and Jefferson National Life Insurance Company, was filed on May 1, 2008 as Exhibit (h)(9) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 14 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and hereby incorporated by reference.

(h)(8)(1)

Participation Agreement between the Registrant, with respect to each JNF Portfolio, and PHL Variable Insurance Company, was filed on May 1, 2008 as Exhibit (h)(9)(1) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 14 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and hereby incorporated by reference.

(h)(9)

Participation Agreement between the Registrant, with respect to the TOPS Portfolios and Minnesota Life Insurance was filed on April 16, 2012 as Exhibit (h)(11)(3) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 54 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference..

(h)(9)(1)

Participation Agreement between the Registrant, with respect to the TOPS Portfolios and Principal Life Insurance Company, Princor Financial Services Corporation and Principal National Life Insurance Company was filed on April 16, 2012 as Exhibit (h)(11)(4) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 54 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(h)(9)(2)

Participation Agreement between the Registrant, with respect to the TOPS Managed Risk Portfolios and Kansas City Life Insurance Company was filed on April 16, 2012 as Exhibit (h)(11)(5) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 54 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(h)(9)(3)

Participation Agreement between the Registrant, with respect to the TOPS Portfolios and PRUCO Life Insurance Company was filed on April 16, 2012 as Exhibit (h)(11)(6) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 54 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(h)(9)(4)

Participation Agreement between the Registrant, with respect to the TOPS Portfolios and PRUCO Life Insurance Company of New Jersey was filed on April 16, 2012 as Exhibit (h)(11)(7) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 54 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(h)(9)(5)

Participation Agreement between the Registrant, with respect to the TOPS Portfolios and Ohio National Life Insurance Company was filed on April 16, 2012 as Exhibit (h)(11)(8) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 54 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(h)(9)(6)

Participation Agreement between the Registrant, with respect to the TOPS Managed Risk Portfolios and National Security Life and Annuity Company was filed on April 16, 2012 as Exhibit (h)(11)(9) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 54 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(h)(10)

Participation Agreement between the Registrant, with respect to Adaptive Allocation portfolio and Power Income VIT, and Midland National Life Insurance Company was filed on October 9, 2012 as Exhibit (h)(10) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 67 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(h)(11)

Participation Agreement between the Registrant, with respect to Power Income VIT and First Security Benefit Life Insurance and Annuity Company of New York was filed on October 9, 2012 as Exhibit (h)(11) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 67 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(h)(11)(1)

Form of Participation Agreement between the Registrant, with respect to Innealta Capital Country Rotation Portfolio, Innealta Capital Sector Rotation Portfolio and First Security Benefit Life Insurance and Annuity Company of New York was filed on October 9, 2012 as Exhibit (h)(11)(1) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 67 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference..

(h)(12)

Form of Participation Agreement between the Registrant, with respect to Power Income VIT and Security Benefit Life Insurance Company was filed on October 9, 2012 as Exhibit (h)(12) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 67 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(h)(12)(1)

Form of Participation Agreement between the Registrant, with respect to Innealta Capital Country Rotation Portfolio, Innealta Capital Sector Rotation Portfolio and Security Benefit Life Insurance Company was filed on October 9, 2012 as Exhibit (h)(12)(1) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 67 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(h)(13)

Form of Participation Agreement between the Registrant, with respect to Power Income VIT Fund, BCM Decathlon Conservative Portfolio, BCM Decathlon Moderate Portfolio, BCM Decathlon Aggressive Portfolio, Mainer Hyman Beck Portfolio, Innealta Capital Country Rotation Portfolio, Innealta Capital Sector Rotation Portfolio and Jefferson National Life Insurance Company was filed on October 9, 2012 as Exhibit (h)(13) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 67 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference

(h)(14)

Expense Limitation Agreement between the Registrant, with respect to the Astor Long/Short ETF Portfolio and Astor Asset Management, LLC, to be filed by amendment.

(h)(15)

Expense Limitation Agreement between the Registrant, with respect to the BCM Decathlon Conservative Portfolio, BCM Decathlon Moderate Portfolio and BCM Decathlon Aggressive Portfolio and Beaumont Financial Partners, LLC (d.b.a. BFP Capital Management) was filed on April 25, 2012 as Exhibit (d)(14) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 57 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(h)(16)

Form of Expense Limitation Agreement between the Registrant, with respect to the Mariner Hyman Beck Portfolio and RJO Investment Management, LLC was filed on May 1, 2012 as Exhibit (h)(17) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 60 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(h)(17)

Form of Expense Limitation Agreement between the Registrant, with respect to the Power Income VIT Fund and W.E. Donoghue & Co., Inc. was filed on April 23, 2012 as Exhibit (h)(18) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 56 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(h)(18)

Form of Expense Limitation Agreement between the Registrant, with respect to the Innealta Capital Country Rotation Portfolio and Innealta Capital Sector Rotation Portfolio and Al Frank Asset Management, Inc. (the Innealta Capital division), as filed on October 9, 2012 as Exhibit (h)(18) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 67 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(h)(20)

Form of Expense Limitation Agreement between the Registrant, with respect to the Leader Short-Term Bond Portfolio and Leader Capital Corp., was filed on October 16, 2012 as Exhibit (d)(13) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 68 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(h)(21)

Fund Services Agreement between the Registrant and Gemini Fund Services, LLC was filed on October 9, 2012 as Exhibit (h)(21) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 67 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(h)(22)

Form of Expense Limitation Agreement between the Registrant, with respect to the CAM Hedge VIT Fund, and Commerce Asset Management, LLC, was filed on February 20, 2013 as Exhibit (h)(22) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 76 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(h)(23)

Expense Limitation Agreement between the Registrant, with respect to the BTS Tactical Fixed Income VIT Fund, and BTS Asset Management, Inc., was filed on April 3, 2013 as Exhibit (h)(23) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 80 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(h)(24)

Form of Expense Limitation Agreement between the Registrant, with respect to Probabilities VIT Fund and Probabilities Fund Management, LLC was filed on April 15, 2013 as Exhibit (h)(24) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 82 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(h)(25)

Expense Limitation Agreement between the Registrant, with respect to Changing Parameters Portfolio and Changing Parameters, LLC as filed on April 15, 2013 as Exhibit (h)(26) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 89 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(h)(26)

Expense Limitation Agreement between the Registrant, with respect to JNF SSgA Retirement Income Portfolio and JNF Advisors, Inc. was filed on March 3, 2014 as Exhibit (h)(26) to Post-Effective Amendment No.105 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(i)(1)

Opinion was filed on March 3, 2014 as Exhibit (i) to Post-Effective Amendment No.105 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(i)(2)

Consent of Counsel is filed herewith.

(j)(1)

Powers of Attorney for Anthony J. Hertl, Gary Lanzen, Mark H. Taylor, John Palancia, Mark D. Gersten, Mark Garbin, Andrew Rogers and Kevin Wolf was filed on September 27, 2013 as Exhibit (j)(1) to Post-Effective Amendment No.102 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(j)(2)

Consent of Independent Auditor is filed herewith.

(k)

Omitted Financial Statements. None.

(l)

Initial Capital Agreements was filed on January 11, 2007 as Exhibit (l) to Pre-Effective Amendment No. 2 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(m)

Rule 12b-1 Plan was filed on June 5, 2009 as Exhibit (m) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 21 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference. Updated Form of Rule 12b-1 Plan to include Astor Long/Short ETF Portfolio was filed on May 24, 2011 as Exhibit (m) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 39 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference. Updated Rule 12b-1 Plan to include Power Income VIT Fund was filed on April 3, 2012 as Exhibit (m) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 49 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.  Updated Form of Rule 12b-1 Plan to include Innealta Capital Country Rotation Portfolio and Innealta Capital Sector Rotation Portfolio was filed on October 9, 2012 as Exhibit (m) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 67 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference. Updated Rule 12b-1 Plan to include Leader Short-Term Bond Portfolio was filed on October 9, 2012 as Exhibit (m) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 67 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference. Updated Form of Rule 12b-1 Plan to include CAM Hedge VIT Fund, BTS Tactical Fixed Income VIT Fund, Even Keel Premium Income Fund, Probabilities VIT Fund and TOPS®  Managed Risk Flex ETF Portfolio was filed on April 3, 2013 as Exhibit (m) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 80 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference. Updated Form of Rule 12b-1 Plan to include JNF SSgA Retirement Income Portfolio was filed on March 3, 2014 as Exhibit (m) to Post-Effective Amendment No.105 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(n)

Rule 18f-3 Plan was filed on April 18, 2011 as Exhibit (n) to Post-Effective Amendment No.33 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.  Updated Form of Rule 18f-3 Plan to include Innealta Capital Country Rotation Portfolio, Innealta Capital Sector Rotation and Leader Short-Term Bond Portfolio was filed on October 9, 2012 as Exhibit (n) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 67 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

Updated Form of Rule 18f-3 Plan to include CAM Hedge VIT Fund, BTS Tactical Fixed Income VIT Fund, Probabilities VIT Fund, Even Keel Premium Income Fund and TOPS®  Managed Risk Flex ETF Portfolio was filed on April 3, 2013 as Exhibit (m) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 80 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(p)(1)

Code of Ethics of Northern Lights Variable Trust, was filed on January 11, 2007 as Exhibit (p)(1) to Pre-Effective Amendment No. 2 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(p)(2)

Code of Ethics of JNF Advisors, Inc. was filed on March 2, 2007 as Exhibit (p)(4) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 3 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(p)(3)

Code of Ethics of Chicago Equity Partners, LLC was filed on March 2, 2007 as Exhibit (p)(5) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 3 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(p)(4)

Code of Ethics of Critical Math Advisors, LLC, was filed on February 6, 2007 as Exhibit (p)(5) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 2 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(p)(5)

Code of Ethics of Changing Parameters LLC was filed on March 2, 2007 as Exhibit (p)(7) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 3 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(p)(6)

Code of Ethics of ValMark Advisers, Inc. was filed on October 9, 2012 as Exhibit (p)(6) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 67 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(p)(7)

Code of Ethics of Milliman, Inc. was filed on October 9, 2012 as Exhibit (p)(7) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 67 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(p)(8)

Code of Ethics of Astor Asset Management, LLC was filed on May 24, 2011 as Exhibit (p) (14) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 39 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(p)(9)

Code of Ethics of 7Twelve Advisors, LLC was filed on November 1, 2011 as Exhibit (p)(15) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 41 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(p)(10)

Code of Ethics of Beaumont Financial Partners, LLC (d.b.a. BFP Capital Management) was filed on October 9, 2012 as Exhibit (p)(10) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 67 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(p)(11)

Code of Ethics of RJO Investment Management, LLC was filed on October 9, 2012 as Exhibit (p)(11) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 67 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(p)(12)

Code of Ethics of W.E. Donoghue & Co., Inc. was filed on April 16, 2012 as Exhibit (p)(18) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 54 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(p)(13)

Code of Ethics of Al Frank Asset Management, Inc. (the Innealta Capital division) was filed on October 9, 2012 as Exhibit (p)(13) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 67 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(p)(14)

Code of Ethics of Leader Capital Corp. was filed on October 16, 2012 as Exhibit (d)(13) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 68 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(p)(15)

Code of Ethics of Commerce Asset Management, LLC was filed on April 30, 2013 as Exhibit (p)(15) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 95 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(p)(16)

Code of Ethics of BTS Asset Management, Inc. was filed on April 3, 2013 as Exhibit (p)(16) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 80 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(p)(17)

Code of Ethics of Probabilities Fund Management, LLC was filed on April 15, 2013 as Exhibit (p)(17) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 82 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(p)(18)

Code of Ethics of Milliman Financial Risk Management LLC was filed on April 24, 2013 as Exhibit (p)(18) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 92 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.

(p)(19)

Code of Ethics of SSgA Funds Management, Inc. was filed on March 3, 2014 as Exhibit (p)(19) to Post-Effective Amendment No.105 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, and is hereby incorporated by reference.


ITEM 29.

PERSONS CONTROLLED BY OR UNDER COMMON CONTROL WITH THE REGISTRANT.    None.



ITEM 30.

INDEMNIFICATION.


Article VIII, Section 2(a) of the Agreement and Declaration of Trust provides that to the fullest extent that limitations on the liability of Trustees and officers are permitted by the Delaware Statutory Trust Act of 2002, the officers and Trustees shall not be responsible or liable in any event for any act or omission of:  any agent or employee of the Trust; any investment adviser or principal underwriter of the Trust; or with respect to each Trustee and officer, the act or omission of any other Trustee or officer, respectively.  The Trust, out of the Trust Property, is required to indemnify and hold harmless each and every officer and Trustee from and against any and all claims and demands whatsoever arising out of or related to such officer’s or Trustee’s performance of his or her duties as an officer or Trustee of the Trust.  This limitation on liability applies to events occurring at the time a person serves as a Trustee or officer of the Trust whether or not such person is a Trustee or officer at the time of any proceeding in which liability is asserted.  Nothing contained in the Agreement and Declaration of Trust indemnifies, holds harmless or protects any officer or Trustee from or against any liability to the Trust or any shareholder to which such person would otherwise be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of such person’s office.


Article VIII, Section 2(b) provides that every note, bond, contract, instrument, certificate or undertaking and every other act or document whatsoever issued, executed or done by or on behalf of the Trust, the officers or the Trustees or any of them in connection with the Trust shall be conclusively deemed to have been issued, executed or done only in such Person’s capacity as Trustee and/or as officer, and such Trustee or officer, as applicable, shall not be personally liable therefore, except as described in the last sentence of the first paragraph of Section 2 of Article VIII.


Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to trustees, officers and controlling persons of the Registrant pursuant to the provisions of Delaware law and the Agreement and Declaration of the Registrant or the By-Laws of the Registrant, or otherwise, the Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a trustee, officer or controlling person of the Trust in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such trustee, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.


ITEM 31.

BUSINESS AND OTHER CONNECTIONS OF THE INVESTMENT ADVISER.

  

Certain information pertaining to the business and other connections of JNF Advisors, Inc.,  the Adviser to the JNF Equity Portfolio, JNF Money Market Portfolio and JNF Balanced Portfolio and JNF SSgA Retirement Income Portfolio, is hereby incorporated herein by reference to the section of the Prospectus captioned “Investment Adviser” and to the section of the Statement of Additional Information captioned “Investment Adviser”.  The information required by this Item 26 with respect to each director, officer or partner of JNF Advisors, Inc. will be incorporated by reference to Form ADV filed by JNF Advisors, Inc. with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (File No. 801-67658).


Certain information pertaining to the business and other connections of Chicago Equity Partners, LLC,  the Sub-Adviser to the JNF Equity Portfolio and the JNF Balanced Portfolio, is hereby incorporated herein by reference to the section of the Prospectus captioned “Sub-Adviser” and to the section of the Statement of Additional Information captioned “Sub-Adviser”.  The information required by this Item 26 with respect to each director, officer or partner of Chicago Equity Partners, LLC is incorporated by reference to Form ADV filed by Chicago Equity Partners, LLC with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (File No. 801-57280).


Certain information pertaining to the business and other connections of Critical Math Advisors, LLC,  the Adviser to the Adaptive Allocation Portfolio, is hereby incorporated herein by reference to the section of the Prospectus captioned “Investment Adviser” and to the section of the Statement of Additional Information captioned “Investment Adviser”.  The information required by this Item 26 with respect to each director, officer or partner of Critical Math Advisors, LLC is incorporated by reference to Form ADV filed by Critical Math Advisors, LLC with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (File No. 801-65306).


Certain information pertaining to the business and other connections of Changing Parameters LLC,  the Adviser to the Changing Parameters Portfolio, is hereby incorporated herein by reference to the section of the Prospectus captioned “Investment Adviser” and to the section of the Statement of Additional Information captioned “Investment Adviser”.  The information required by this Item 26 with respect to each director, officer or partner of Changing Parameters LLC is incorporated by reference to Form ADV filed by Changing Parameters LLC with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (File No. 801-63495).


Certain information pertaining to the business and other connections of ValMark Advisers, Inc., the Adviser to TOPS®   Capital Preservation ETF Portfolio, TOPS®   Balanced ETF Portfolio, TOPS®   Moderate Growth  ETF Portfolio ,TOPS®   Growth ETF Portfolio, TOPS®   Aggressive Growth ETF Portfolio, TOPS®   Managed Risk Balanced ETF Portfolio, TOPS®   Managed Risk Moderate Growth ETF Portfolio, TOPS®   Managed Risk Growth ETF Portfolio and TOPS®   Managed Risk Flex ETF Portfolio, is hereby incorporated herein by reference to the section of the Prospectus captioned “Investment Adviser” and to the section of the Statement of Additional Information captioned “Investment Adviser”.  The information required by this Item 26 with respect to each director, officer or partner of ValMark Advisers, Inc. is incorporated by reference to Form ADV filed by ValMark Advisers, Inc. with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (File No. 801-55564).


Certain information pertaining to the business and other connections of Milliman, Inc, the Sub-Adviser to TOPS®   Managed Risk Balanced ETF Portfolio, TOPS®   Managed Risk Moderate Growth ETF Portfolio, TOPS®   Managed Risk Growth ETF Portfolio and TOPS®   Managed Risk Flex ETF Portfolio, is hereby incorporated herein by reference to the section of the Prospectus captioned “Sub-Adviser” and to the section of the Statement of Additional Information captioned “Sub-Adviser”.  The information required by this Item 26 with respect to each director, officer or partner of Milliman, Inc. is incorporated by reference to Form ADV filed by Milliman, Inc. with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (File No. 801-33315).


Certain information pertaining to the business and other connections of Astor Asset Management, LLC, the Adviser to Astor Long/Short ETF Portfolio, is hereby incorporated herein by reference to the section of the Prospectus captioned “Adviser” and to the section of the Statement of Additional Information captioned “Adviser”.  The information required by this Item 26 with respect to each director, officer or partner of Astor Asset Management, LLC. is incorporated by reference to Form ADV filed by Astor Asset Management, LLC with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (File No. 801-61526).


Certain information pertaining to the business and other connections of 7Twelve Advisors, LLC, the Adviser to 7Twelve Balanced Portfolio, is hereby incorporated herein by reference to the section of the Prospectus captioned “Adviser” and to the section of the Statement of Additional Information captioned “Adviser”.  The information required by this Item 26 with respect to each director, officer or partner of 7Twelve Advisors, LLC is incorporated by reference to Form ADV filed by 7Twelve Advisors, LLC with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (File No. 801-71758).


Certain information pertaining to the business and other connections of Beaumont Financial Partners, LLC (d.b.a. BFP Capital Management), the Adviser to BCM Decathlon Conservative Portfolio, BCM Decathlon Moderate Portfolio and BCM Decathlon Aggressive Portfolio, is hereby incorporated herein by reference to the section of the Prospectus captioned “Adviser” and to the section of the Statement of Additional Information captioned “Adviser”.  The information required by this Item 26 with respect to each director, officer or partner of BFP Capital Management is incorporated by reference to Form ADV filed by BFP Capital Management with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (File No. 801-57100).


Certain information pertaining to the business and other connections of RJO Investment Management, LLC, the Adviser to Mariner Hyman Beck Portfolio, is hereby incorporated herein by reference to the section of the Prospectus captioned “Adviser” and to the section of the Statement of Additional Information captioned “Adviser”.  The information required by this Item 26 with respect to each director, officer or partner of RJO Investment Management, LLC is incorporated by reference to Form ADV filed by RJO Investment Management, LLC with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (File No. 801-71417).


Certain information pertaining to the business and other connections of W.E. Donoghue & Co., Inc, the Adviser to Power Income VIT Fund, is hereby incorporated herein by reference to the section of the Prospectus captioned “Adviser” and to the section of the Statement of Additional Information captioned “Adviser”.  The information required by this Item 26 with respect to each director, officer or partner of W.E. Donoghue & Co., Inc. is incorporated by reference to Form ADV filed by W.E. Donoghue & Co., Inc. with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (File No. 801-27959).


Certain information pertaining to the business and other connections of Al Frank Asset Management, Inc. (the Innealta Capital division), the Adviser to Innealta Capital Country Rotation Portfolio and Innealta Capital Sector Rotation Portfolio, is hereby incorporated herein by reference to the section of the Prospectus captioned “Adviser” and to the section of the Statement of Additional Information captioned “Adviser”.  The information required by this Item 26 with respect to each director, officer or partner Al Frank Asset Management, Inc. (the Innealta Capital division). is incorporated by reference to Form ADV filed by Al Frank Asset Management, Inc. (the Innealta Capital division). with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (File No. 801-30528).


Certain information pertaining to the business and other connections of Leader Capital Corp., the Adviser to Leader Short-Term Bond  Portfolio, is hereby incorporated herein by reference to the section of the Prospectus captioned “Adviser” and to the section of the Statement of Additional Information captioned “Adviser”.  The information required by this Item 26 with respect to each director, officer or partner Leader Capital Corp. is incorporated by reference to Form ADV filed by Leader Capital Corp. with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (File No. 801-56684).


Certain information pertaining to the business and other connections of Commerce Asset Management, LLC, the Adviser to CAM Hedge VIT Fund, is hereby incorporated herein by reference to the section of the Prospectus captioned “Adviser” and to the section of the Statement of Additional Information captioned “Adviser”.  The information required by this Item 26 with respect to each director, officer or partner Commerce Asset Management, LLC is incorporated by reference to Form ADV filed by Commerce Asset Management, LLC with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (File No. 801-72903).


Certain information pertaining to the business and other connections of BTS Asset Management, Inc., the Adviser to BTS Tactical Fixed Income VIT Fund, is hereby incorporated herein by reference to the section of the Prospectus captioned “Adviser” and to the section of the Statement of Additional Information captioned “Adviser”.  The information required by this Item 26 with respect to each director, officer or partner BTS Asset Management, Inc. is incorporated by reference to Form ADV filed by BTS Asset Management, Inc., with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (File No. 801-14895).


Certain information pertaining to the business and other connections of Probabilities Fund Management, LLC, the Adviser to Probabilities VIT Fund, is hereby incorporated herein by reference to the section of the Prospectus captioned “Adviser” and to the section of the Statement of Additional Information captioned “Adviser”.  The information required by this Item 26 with respect to each director, officer or partner Probabilities Fund Management, LLC is incorporated by reference to Form ADV filed by Probabilities Fund Management, LLC, with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (File No. 801-77947).


Certain information pertaining to the business and other connections of Milliman Financial Risk Management LLC, the Adviser to Even Keel Premium Income Fund, is hereby incorporated herein by reference to the section of the Prospectus captioned “Adviser” and to the section of the Statement of Additional Information captioned “Adviser”.  The information required by this Item 26 with respect to each director, officer or partner Milliman Financial Risk Management LLC is incorporated by reference to Form ADV filed by Milliman Financial Risk Management LLC, with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (File No. 801-73056).


Certain information pertaining to the business and other connections of SSgA Funds Management, Inc. the Sub-Adviser to JNF SSgA Retirement Income Portfolio, is hereby incorporated herein by reference to the section of the Prospectus captioned “Sub-Adviser” and to the section of the Statement of Additional Information captioned “Sub-Adviser”.  The information required by this Item 26 with respect to each director, officer or partner of SSgA Funds Management, Inc. is incorporated by reference to Form ADV filed by SSgA Funds Management, Inc.with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (File No. 801-60103).


ITEM 32.

PRINCIPAL UNDERWRITER.  


(a)

Northern Lights Distributors, LLC (“NLD”), the principal underwriter to the Trust also acts as principal underwriter for the following:  


AdvisorOne Funds, AmericaFirst Quantitative Funds, Arrow Investments Trust, Compass EMP Funds Trust, Copeland Trust, Dominion Funds, Inc., Equinox Funds Trust, GL Beyond Income Fund, Miller Investment Trust, Mutual Fund Series Trust, Nile Capital Investment Trust, North Country Funds, Northern Lights Fund Trust, Northern Lights Fund Trust II, Northern Lights Fund Trust III, Northern Lights ETF Fund Trust, Northern Lights Variable Trust, OCM Mutual Fund, Roge Partners Funds, Resource Real Estate Diversified Income Fund, The DMS Funds, The Multi-Strategy Growth & Income Fund, The Saratoga Advantage Trust, Total Income+ Real Estate Fund, Tributary Funds, Inc., Two Roads Shared Trust and Vertical Capital Income Fund.


(b)

NLD is registered with Securities and Exchange Commission as a broker-dealer and is a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc.  The principal business address of NLD is 17605 Wright Street, Omaha, Nebraska 68130.  NLD is an affiliate of Gemini Fund Services, LLC.  To the best of Registrant’s knowledge, the following are the members and officers of NLD:

  

Name

Positions and Offices

with Underwriter

Positions and Offices

with the Fund

Brian Nielsen

Manager, CEO, Secretary

None

Bill Wostoupal

President

None

Daniel Applegarth

Treasurer

None

Mike Nielsen

Chief Compliance Officer and AML Compliance Officer

None



ITEM 33.

LOCATION OF ACCOUNTS AND RECORDS.  


The following entities prepare, maintain and preserve the records required by Section 31 (a) of the 1940 Act for the Registrant.  These services are provided to the Registrant for such periods prescribed by the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission under the 1940 Act and such records are the property of the entity required to maintain and preserve such records and will be surrendered promptly on request.


Gemini Fund Services, LLC (“GFS”), located at 17605 Wright Street, Suite 2, Omaha, Nebraska 68130, provides transfer agent and dividend disbursing services pursuant to a Transfer Agency and Service Agreements between GFS and the Trust.  In such capacities, GFS provides pricing for each Fund’s portfolio securities, keeps records regarding securities and other assets in custody and in transfer, bank statements, canceled checks, financial books and records, and keeps records of each shareholder’s account and all disbursement made to shareholders.

 

Gemini Fund Services, LLC, located at 80 Arkay Drive., Hauppauge, New York 11788, maintains all records required pursuant to Administrative Service Agreements with the Trust.  


First National Bank of Omaha (‘FNBO”), located at 1620 Dodge Street, Omaha, NE 68197, provides custodian services to the Adaptive Allocation Portfolio pursuant to a Custody Agreement between FNBO and the Trust.



Fifth Third Bank (“Fifth Third”), located at 38 Fountain Square Plaza, Cincinnati, Ohio 45263, provides custodian services to JNF Equity Portfolio, JNF Balanced Portfolio and JNF SSgA Retirement Income Portfolio pursuant to a Custody Agreement between Fifth Third and the Trust.  


JNF Advisors, Inc. located at 9920 Corporate Campus Drive, Suite 1000, Louisville, Kentucky 40223, pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement with the Trust, maintains all records required pursuant to such agreement with respect to the JNF Equity Portfolio, JNF Balanced Portfolio and JNF SSgA Retirement Income Portfolio.


Chicago Equity Partners, LLC located at 180 N. LaSalle Street, Suite 3800, Chicago, Illinois 60601, pursuant to the Sub-Advisory Agreement with JNF Advisors, Inc., maintains all records required pursuant to such agreement with respect to the JNF Equity Portfolio and the JNF Balanced Portfolio.


Critical Math Advisors, LLC located at 29 Emmons Drive, Suite A-20, Princeton, NJ 08540 pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement with the Trust, maintains all records required pursuant to such agreement with respect to Adaptive Allocation Portfolio.


Changing Parameters LLC located at 250 Oak Grove Avenue, Suite A, Menlo Park, California 94025 pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement with the Trust, maintains all records required pursuant to such agreement with respect to Changing Parameters Portfolio.


ValMark Advisers, Inc. located at 130 Springside Drive, Akron, OH 44333, pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement with the Trust, maintains all records required pursuant to such agreement with respect to TOPSTM   Capital Preservation ETF Portfolio, TOPSTM   Balanced ETF Portfolio, TOPSTM   Moderate Growth  ETF Portfolio ,TOPSTM   Growth ETF Portfolio, TOPSTM   Aggressive Growth ETF Portfolio, TOPS®   Managed Risk Balanced ETF Portfolio, TOPS®  Managed Risk Moderate Growth ETF Portfolio, TOPS®   Managed Risk Growth ETF Portfolio and TOPS®   Managed Risk Flex ETF Portfolio.


Milliman, Inc. located at 1301 Fifth Avenue, Suite 3800, Seattle, WA 98101, pursuant to the Sub-Advisory Agreement with ValMark Advisers, Inc., maintains all records required pursuant to such agreement with respect to TOPS®  Managed Risk Balanced ETF Portfolio, TOPS®   Managed Risk Moderate Growth ETF Portfolio, TOPS®   Managed Risk Growth ETF Portfolio and TOPS®   Managed Risk Flex ETF Portfolio.


Astor Asset Management, LLC located at 111 S. Wacker Drive, Suite 3910, Chicago, IL 606061, pursuant to the Advisory Agreement with the Trust, maintains all records required pursuant to such agreement with respect to Astor Long/Short ETF Portfolio.


7Twelve Advisors, LLC located at 1720 West End Ave., Suite 450, Nashville, TN 37203, pursuant to the Advisory Agreement with the Trust, maintains all records required pursuant to such agreement with respect to 7Twelve Balanced Portfolio.


Beaumont Financial Partners, LLC (d.b.a. BFP Capital Management) located at 20 Walnut Street, Wellesley Hills, MA 02481, pursuant to the Advisory Agreement with the Trust, maintains all records required pursuant to such agreement with respect to BCM Decathlon Conservative Portfolio, BCM Decathlon Moderate Portfolio and BCM Decathlon Aggressive Portfolio.


RJO Investment Management, LLC located at 222 South Riverside Plaza, Suite 900, Chicago, IL, 60606, pursuant to the Advisory Agreement with the Trust, maintains all records required pursuant to such agreement with respect to Mariner Hyman Beck Portfolio.


W.E Donoghue & Co., Inc. located at 629 Washington Street, Norwood, MA 02062, pursuant to the Advisory Agreement with the Trust, maintains all records required pursuant to such agreement with respect to Power Income VIT Fund.


Al Frank Asset Management, Inc. (the Innealta Capital division). located at 85 Argonaut, Suite 220, Aliso Viejo, CA 92656, pursuant to the Advisory Agreement with the Trust, maintains all records required pursuant to such agreement with respect to Innealta Capital Country Rotation Portfolio and Innealta Capital Sector Rotation Portfolio.


Leader Capital Corp. located at 1750 SW Skyline Blvd. Suite 204, Portland, OR 97221, pursuant to the Advisory Agreement with the Trust, maintains all records required pursuant to such agreement with respect to Leader Short-Term Bond Portfolio.


Commerce Asset Management, LLC located at 5050 Poplar Avenue, 20th Floor, Memphis, TN 38157, pursuant to the Advisory Agreement with the Trust, maintains all records required pursuant to such agreement with respect to CAM Hedge VIT Fund.


BTS Asset Management, Inc. located at 420 Bedford Street, Suite 340, Lexington, MA 02420, pursuant to the Advisory Agreement with the Trust, maintains all records required pursuant to such agreement with respect to BTS Tactical Fixed Income VIT Fund.


Probabilities Fund Management, LLC located at 1665 Union Street, Suite A, San Diego, CA 92101, pursuant to the Advisory Agreement with the Trust, maintains all records required pursuant to such agreement with respect to Probabilities VIT Fund.


Milliman Financial Risk Management LLC located at 71 S. Wacker Drive, 31st Floor, Chicago, IL 60606, pursuant to the Advisory Agreement with the Trust, maintains all records required pursuant to such agreement with respect to the Even Keel Premium Income Fund.


SSgA Funds Management, Inc. located at One Lincoln Street, Boston, MA 02111, pursuant to the Sub-Advisory Agreement with JNF Advisors, Inc., maintains all records required pursuant to such agreement with respect to the JNF Equity Portfolio, JNF Balanced Portfolio and JNF SSgA Retirement Income Portfolio.



ITEM 34.

MANAGEMENT SERVICES.  


Not applicable.  


ITEM 35.

UNDERTAKINGS.  





Signatures


Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, the Registrant certifies that it meets all of the requirements for effectiveness of this registration statement under rule 485(b) under the Securities Act and has duly caused this Post-Effective Amendment No. 10 8 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, duly authorized in the City of Hauppauge, State of New York on this 15th day of April, 2014.

NORTHERN LIGHTS VARIABLE TRUST

(Registrant)


/s/ Andrew Rogers

By:  Andrew Rogers, President,

       

            

Principal Executive Officer and Trustee



Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, this Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.


 

 

 


John V. Palancia*

John V. Palancia


Trustee            


April 15, 2014


Gary Lanzen*

Gary Lanzen


Trustee            


April 15, 2014


Anthony Hertl*

Anthony Hertl


Trustee            


April 15, 2014


Mark Taylor*

Mark Taylor


Trustee


April 15, 2014

Mark D, Gersten*

Mark D. Gersten

Trustee


April 15, 2014

Mark Garbin*

Mark Garbin

Trustee


April 15, 2014


/s/ Andrew Rogers*

Andrew Rogers

 


President, Principal Executive Officer and Trustee


April 15, 2014

/s/ Kevin Wolf*

Kevin Wolf

Treasurer and Principal Accounting Officer


April 15, 2014



By:                                                

/s/ James P. Ash

Date:  April 15, 2014

James P. Ash

*Attorney-in-Fact – Pursuant to Powers of Attorney filed on April 7, 2011, January 19, 2012 and September 27, 2013 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement in Post-Effective Amendment No. 45 and which are hereby incorporated by reference.






 EXHIBIT INDEX

 

Exhibit

Exhibit No.

Form of Expense Limitation Agreement between the Registrant, with respect to the Adaptive Allocation Portfolio, and Critical Math Advisors, LLC.

(h)(6)

Consent of Counsel

(i)(2)

Consent of Independent Auditor

(j)(2)