Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2021

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Revenue Recognition

Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes revenue from products sales in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“Topic 606”). This standard applies

to all contracts with customers, except for contracts that are within the scope of other standards, such as leases, insurance, collaboration arrangements and financial instruments. Under Topic 606, an entity recognizes revenue when its customer obtains control of promised goods or services, in an amount that reflects the consideration that the entity expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. To determine revenue recognition for arrangements that an entity determines are within the scope of Topic 606, the entity performs the following five steps: (i) identify the contract(s) with a customer; (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determine the transaction price; (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation. The Company only applies the five-step model to contracts when it is probable that the entity will collect the consideration it is entitled to in exchange for the goods or services it transfers to the customer.

Sales are derived primarily from the sale of spinal implant products to hospitals and medical centers through direct sales representatives and independent distributor agents, and now includes imaging equipment and related services with the acquisition of EOS. Revenue is recognized when obligations under the terms of a contract with customers are satisfied, which occurs with the transfer of control of products to customers, either upon shipment of the product or delivery of the product to the customer depending on the shipping terms, or when the products are used in a surgical procedure (implanted in a patient). Revenue from the sale of imaging equipment is recognized as each distinct performance obligation is fulfilled and control transfers to the customer, beginning with shipment or delivery, depending on the terms. Revenue from other distinct performance obligations, such as maintenance on imaging equipment, training services, and other imaging related services, is recognized in the period the service is performed, and makes up less than 10% of the Company’s total revenue. Revenue is measured based on the amount of consideration expected to be received in exchange for the transfer of the goods or services specified in the contract with each customer.  In certain cases, the Company does offer the ability for customers to lease its imaging equipment primarily on a non-sales type basis, but such arrangements are immaterial to total revenue in the periods presented. The Company generally does not allow returns of products that have been delivered and will recognize such revenue when the Company concludes there is not a risk of significant revenue reversal in future periods for the expected consideration in the transaction. Costs incurred by the Company associated with sales contracts with customers are deferred over the performance obligation period and recognized in the same period as the related revenue, with the exception of contracts that complete within one year or less, in which case the associated costs are expensed as incurred. Payment terms for sales to customers may vary but are commensurate with the general business practices in the country of sale.

To the extent that the transaction price includes variable consideration, such as discounts, rebates, and customer payment penalties, the Company estimates the amount of variable consideration that should be included in the transaction price utilizing either the expected value method or the most likely amount method depending on the nature of the variable consideration. Variable consideration is included in the transaction price if, in the Company’s judgment, it is probable that a significant future reversal of cumulative revenue under the contract will not occur. Estimates of variable consideration and determination of whether to include estimated amounts in the transaction price are based largely on an assessment of our anticipated performance and all information that is reasonably available, including historical, current, and forecasted information.

The Company records a contract liability, or deferred revenue, when it has an obligation to provide a product or service to the customer and payment is received or due in advance of its performance. When the Company sells a product or service with a future performance obligation, revenue is deferred on the unfulfilled performance obligation and recognized over the related performance period. Generally, the Company does not have observable evidence of the standalone selling price related to its future service obligations; therefore, the Company estimates the selling price using an expected cost plus a margin approach. The transaction price is allocated using the relative standalone selling price method. The use of alternative estimates could result in a different amount of revenue deferral. The Company recognized $3.4 million of revenue from its contract liabilities during the three and six months ended June 30, 2021.

The opening and closing balances of the Company’s contract liability are as follows:

Balance at January 1, 2021	$	—
Contract liability assumed from EOS		21,196
Payments received		2,586
Revenue recognized		(3,390	)
Balance at June 30, 2021	$	20,392

Fair Value Measurements

Fair Value Measurements

The carrying amount of financial instruments consisting of cash, accounts receivable, prepaid expenses and other current assets, accounts payable, accrued expenses, and short-term debt included in the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements are reasonable estimates of fair value due to their short maturities. Based on the borrowing rates currently available to the Company for loans with similar terms, management believes the fair value of long-term debt approximates its carrying value.

Authoritative guidance establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows:

Level 1: Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2: Inputs other than Level 1 that are observable, either directly or indirectly, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.

Level 3: Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.

The following table presents information related to the Company’s liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 (in thousands):

	June 30, 2021
Liabilities:	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Liability classified equity award (1)	$	—		—		4,404	$	4,404
Foreign currency forward contract		—		151		—		151
Total	$	—		151		4,404	$	4,555
	December 31, 2020
Liabilities:	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Liability classified equity award (1)	$	—		—		4,108	$	4,108
Foreign currency forward contract		—		878		—		878
Total	$	—		878		4,108	$	4,986

(1) A portion of this award is being accreted over the requisite service period.

The Company did not have any transfers of assets and liabilities between the levels of the fair value measurement hierarchy during the periods presented.

On March 16, 2021, the Company entered into two foreign currency forward contracts, with a notional amount of $8.0 million total ($4.0 million each) or €6.7 million total (€3.3 million each) to mitigate the foreign currency exchange risk related to its EOS subsidiary. The contracts are not designated as hedging instruments. The Company classified the derivative liabilities within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy as observable inputs are available for the full term of the derivative instruments. The fair value of the forward contracts was developed using a market approach based on publicly available market yield curves and the term of the contracts. The Company recognized a nominal loss from the change in fair value of the contracts during the six months ended June 30, 2021. The loss on the change in fair value of the contracts was recorded as other expense on the condensed consolidated statement of operations.

On December 18, 2020, the Company entered into a foreign currency forward contract, with a notional amount of $117.9 million (€95.6 million) to mitigate the foreign currency exchange risk related to the Tender Offer Agreement, denominated in Euros ("EUR"). The contract is not designated as a hedging instrument. The Company classified the derivative liability within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy as observable inputs are available for the full term of the derivative instrument. The fair value of the forward contract was developed using a market approach based on publicly available market yield curves and the term of the contract. On March 2, 2021, the foreign currency forward contract was settled for €95.6 million ($115.3 million). The Company recognized a $1.7 million loss from the change in fair value of the contract during the six months ended June 30, 2021. The loss on the contract settlement was recorded as other expense on the condensed consolidated statement of operations and the cash settlement is included in investing activities in the condensed consolidated statement of cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2021.

During the second quarter of 2019, the Company issued a liability classified equity award to one of its executive officers. The award will be earned over a 4-year vesting period and upon a specific market condition. As the award will be settled in cash, it is

classified as a liability within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy as the Company is using a probability-weighted income approach, utilizing significant unobservable inputs including the probability of achieving the specified market condition with the valuation updated at each reporting period. The full fair value of the cash settled award was $4.4 million as of June 30, 2021 and is being recognized ratably as the underlying service period is provided.

The following table provides a reconciliation of liabilities measured at fair value using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 (in thousands):

	Level 3 Liabilities
Balance at January 1, 2021	$	1,668
Vested portion of liability classified equity award		258
Change in fair value measurement		199
Balance at March 31, 2021	$	2,125
Vested portion of liability classified equity award		283
Change in fair value measurement		(68	)
Balance at June 30, 2021	$	2,340

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

In August 2020, the FASB issued Accounting Standard Update (“ASU”) No. 2020-06, Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging-Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40) (“ASU 2020-06”), which simplifies the accounting for convertible instruments. The guidance removes certain accounting models that separate the embedded conversion features from the host contract for convertible instruments. ASU 2020-06 allows for a modified or full retrospective method of transition. This update is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, and interim periods within those fiscal years, and early adoption is permitted. The Company early adopted ASU 2020-06 on January 1, 2021, electing the modified transition method that allows for a cumulative-effect adjustment in the period of adoption. There were no changes to the condensed consolidated financial statements as of January 1, 2021 as a result of the adoption.

In January 2021, the FASB issued ASU No. 2021-01, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848), which refines the scope of Topic 848 and provides clarification surrounding certain optional expedients and exceptions for contract modifications and hedge accounting that apply to contracts affected by the discounting transition. Under ASU 2021-01, modifications related to reference rate reform would not be considered an event that requires reassessment of previous accounting conclusions. The guidance also amends the expedients and exceptions in Topic 848 to tailor the existing guidance towards derivative instruments impacted by the discounting transition. The amendments in ASU 2021-01 are effective immediately for all entities and entities may choose to apply the amendments retrospectively as of any date from the beginning of an interim period that includes or is subsequent to March 12, 2020, or prospectively to new modifications from any date within an interim period that includes or is subsequent to January 7, 2021. There has been no effect to the condensed consolidated financial statements to date as a result of the adoption.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In May 2021, the FASB issued ASU No. 2021-04, Earnings Per Share (Topic 260), Debt—Modifications and Extinguishments (Subtopic 470-50), Compensation—Stock Compensation (Topic 718), and Derivatives and Hedging—Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40): Issuer’s Accounting for Certain Modifications or Exchanges of Freestanding Equity-Classified Written Call Options. The guidance clarifies and reduces diversity in an issuer’s accounting for modifications or exchanges of freestanding equity-classified written call options (i.e. warrants) that remain equity classified after a modification or exchange and provides guidance that clarifies whether an issuer should account for a modification or an exchange of a freestanding equity-classified written call option that remains equity classified after modification or exchange as (1) an adjustment to equity and, if so, the related earnings per share (EPS) effects, if any, or (2) an expense and, if so, the manner and pattern of recognition. The new guidance is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2021, and early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. The Company does not intend to early adopt the standard and is in the process of assessing the impact, if any, on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.