Goodwill

The following is a summary of the goodwill balance for each reportable segment as of December 31 (in thousands):



	North America			International			Total
Balance as of December 31, 2014	$	170,860		$	76,088		$	246,948
Impairment	—			(37,539		)	(37,539		)
Foreign exchange impact	(124		)	(3,028		)	(3,152		)
Balance as of December 31, 2015	170,736			35,521			206,257
Foreign exchange impact	21			(3,578		)	(3,557		)
Balance as of December 31, 2016	$	170,757		$	31,943		$	202,700

2016 Goodwill Impairment Charge

As discussed in Note 2, the Company performed its annual impairment test as of October 1, 2016 and no impairment was identified. The Company believes that goodwill is not impaired as of December 31, 2016.

2015 Goodwill Impairment Charge

In the fourth quarter of 2015, the Company performed its annual goodwill impairment test. In the first step of the impairment test, the Company concluded that the carrying amount of a reporting unit in the International segment exceeded its fair value, requiring the Company to perform the second step of the impairment test to measure the amount of impairment loss, if any. The fair value of the North America reporting unit exceeded its carrying value and the second step was not necessary.

Based upon fair value estimates of long-lived assets and discounted cash flows of the reporting unit, the Company compared the implied fair value of the goodwill in this reporting unit with the carrying value. The test resulted in a $37.5 million non-cash, goodwill impairment charge which was recognized in the fourth quarter of 2015. No tax benefit was recognized on the goodwill impairment charge. This charge had no impact on the Company’s cash flows or compliance with debt covenants.