10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2023

or

☐ TRANSITION REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the Transition Period from to

Commission File No. 001-32919

Ascent Solar Technologies, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware	20-3672603
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
12300 Grant Street, Thornton, CO	80241
(Address of principal executive offices)	(Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number including area code: 720-872-5000

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of exchange on which registered
Common	ASTI	Nasdaq Capital Markets

Indicate by check mark whether the issuer (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). ☒ Yes ☐ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act:

Large accelerated filer	☐	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☒	Smaller reporting company	☒
		Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

As of May 15, 2023, there were 49,929,967 shares of our common stock issued and outstanding.

ASCENT SOLAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q

For the Period Ended March 31, 2023

Table of Contents

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.	Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements	1
	Unaudited Condensed Balance Sheets - as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022	1
	Unaudited Condensed Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income - For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022	2
	Unaudited Condensed Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit) - for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022	3
	Unaudited Condensed Statements of Cash Flow - For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022	5
	Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements	6
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	16
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	20
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	20
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION		21
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	21
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	21
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	22
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	22
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	22
Item 5.	Other Information	22
Item 6.	Exhibits	23
SIGNATURES		27

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q includes “forward-looking statements” that involve risks and uncertainties. Forward-looking statements include statements concerning our plans, objectives, goals, strategies, future events, future net sales or performance, capital expenditures, financing needs, plans or intentions relating to acquisitions, business trends and other information that is not historical information and, in particular, appear under headings including “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and “Overview.” When used in this Quarterly Report, the words “estimates,” “expects,” “anticipates,” “projects,” “plans,” “intends,” “believes,” “forecasts,” “foresees,” “likely,” “may,” “should,” “goal,” “target,” and variations of such words or similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. All forward-looking statements are based upon information available to us on the date of this Quarterly Report.

These forward-looking statements are subject to risks, uncertainties and other factors, many of which are outside of our control, that could cause actual results to differ materially from the results discussed in the forward-looking statements, including, among other things, the matters discussed in this Quarterly Report in the sections captioned “Risk Factors” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” Factors you should consider that could cause these differences are:

•The impact of the novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) pandemic on our business, results of operations, cash flows, financial condition and liquidity;

•Our operating history and lack of profitability;

•Our ability to develop demand for, and sales of, our products;

•Our ability to attract and retain qualified personnel to implement our business plan and corporate growth strategies;

•Our ability to develop sales, marketing and distribution capabilities;

•Our ability to successfully develop and maintain strategic relationships with key partners;

•The accuracy of our estimates and projections;

•Our ability to secure additional financing to fund our short-term and long-term financial needs;

•Our ability to maintain the listing of our common stock on the Nasdaq Capital Market.

•The commencement, or outcome, of legal proceedings against us, or by us, including ongoing litigation proceedings;

•Changes in our business plan or corporate strategies;

•The extent to which we are able to manage the growth of our operations effectively, both domestically and abroad, whether directly owned or indirectly through licenses;

•The supply, availability and price of equipment, components and raw materials, including the elements needed to produce our photovoltaic modules;

•Our ability to expand and protect the intellectual property portfolio that relates to our photovoltaic modules and processes;

•Our ability to maintain effective internal controls over financial reporting;

•Our ability to achieve projected operational performance and cost metrics;

•General economic and business conditions, and in particular, conditions specific to the solar power industry; and

•Other risks and uncertainties discussed in greater detail elsewhere in this Quarterly Report and in Part I, Item 1A “Risk Factors” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

There may be other factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from the results referred to in the forward-looking statements. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise forward-looking statements to reflect subsequent events or circumstances after the date made, or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events, except as required by law.

References to “we,” “us,” “our,” “Ascent,” “Ascent Solar” or the “Company” in this Quarterly Report mean Ascent Solar Technologies, Inc.

ASCENT SOLAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Condensed Financial Statements

CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS

(unaudited)

	March 31,			December 31,
	2023			2022
ASSETS
Current Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	6,343,687		$	11,483,018
Trade receivables, net of allowance of $26,000 and $26,000, respectively		94,875			1,769
Inventories, net		513,063			615,283
Prepaid and other current assets		1,507,609			344,110
Total current assets		8,459,234			12,444,180
Property, Plant and Equipment:		22,638,819			22,590,169
Accumulated depreciation		(22,059,497	)		(22,038,508	)
Property, Plant and Equipment, net		579,322			551,661
Other Assets:
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net		4,141,958			4,324,514
Patents, net of accumulated amortization of $159,010 and $154,218    respectively		81,075			79,983
Equity method investment		68,085			61,379
Other non-current assets		1,233,725			1,214,985
		5,524,843			5,680,861
Total Assets	$	14,563,399		$	18,676,702
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)
Current Liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	581,141		$	595,157
Related party payables		5,337			67,164
Accrued expenses		748,076			888,869
Accrued payroll		754,663			927,264
Accrued professional services fees		1,158,460			952,573
Accrued interest		725,446			559,060
Current portion of operating lease liability		754,168			733,572
Current portion of convertible notes		2,000,000			-
Other payable		250,000			250,000
Total current liabilities		6,977,291			4,973,659
Long-Term Liabilities:
Non-current operating lease liabilities		3,628,660			3,827,878
Non-current convertible notes, net		6,116,663			5,268,399
Accrued warranty liability		21,225			21,225
Total liabilities		16,743,839			14,091,161
Commitments and contingencies (Note 14)
Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit):
Series A preferred stock, $.0001 par value; 750,000 shares authorized; 48,100    and 48,100 shares issued and outstanding, respectively ($862,326 and    $850,301 Liquidation Preference, respectively)		5			5
Common stock, $0.0001 par value, 500,000,000 authorized; 37,491,954    and 34,000,812 shares issued and outstanding, respectively		3,749			3,400
Additional paid in capital		451,336,338			452,135,653
Accumulated deficit		(453,511,214	)		(447,537,493	)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(9,318	)		(16,024	)
Total stockholders’ equity (deficit)		(2,180,440	)		4,585,541
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit)	$	14,563,399		$	18,676,702

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed financial statements.

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ASCENT SOLAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(unaudited)

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2023			2022
Revenues
Products	$	99,225		$	54,210
Milestone and engineering		25,000			512,000
Total Revenues		124,225			566,210
Costs and Expenses
Costs of revenue		461,795			532,890
Research, development and manufacturing    operations		1,665,694			1,406,322
Selling, general and administrative		1,591,821			821,266
Share-based compensation		1,404,450			-
Depreciation and amortization		25,781			16,665
Total Costs and Expenses		5,149,541			2,777,143
Loss from Operations		(5,025,316	)		(2,210,933	)
Other Income/(Expense)
Other income/(expense), net		10,000			-
Interest expense		(1,068,036	)		(2,086,314	)
Total Other Income/(Expense)		(1,058,036	)		(2,086,314	)
Income/(Loss) on Equity Method Investments		-			(2	)
Net Income/(Loss)	$	(6,083,352	)	$	(4,297,249	)
Net Income/(Loss) Per Share (Basic and Diluted)	$	(0.17	)	$	(0.20	)
Weighted Average Common Shares    Outstanding (Basic)		35,569,990			21,671,248
Weighted Average Common Shares    Outstanding (Diluted)		35,569,990			21,671,248
Other Comprehensive Income/(Loss)
Foreign currency translation gain/(loss)		6,706			(7,097	)
Net Comprehensive Income/(Loss)	$	(6,076,646	)	$	(4,304,346	)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed financial statements.

2

ASCENT SOLAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)

(unaudited)

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023

	Series A Preferred Stock				Common Stock				Additional Paid-In			Accumulated			Other Accumulated Comprehensive			Total Stockholders’ Equity
	Shares		Amount		Shares		Amount		Capital			Deficit			Loss			(Deficit)
Balance at January 1, 2023		48,100	$	5		34,000,812	$	3,400	$	452,135,653		$	(447,537,493	)	$	(16,024	)	$	4,585,541
Impact of adopting ASU 2020-06		-	$	-		-		-		(3,795,874	)		109,631			-			(3,686,243	)
Balance at January 1, 2023, as adjusted		48,100	$	5		34,000,812	$	3,400	$	448,339,779		$	(447,427,862	)	$	(16,024	)	$	899,298
Conversion of L1 Note    into Common Stock		-		-		1,440,090		144		508,596			-			-			508,740
Conversion of Sabby Note into    Common Stock		-		-		2,051,052		205		1,083,513			-			-			1,083,718
Share-based compensation		-		-		-		-		1,404,450			-			-			1,404,450
Net Loss		-		-		-		-		-			(6,083,352	)		-			(6,083,352	)
Foreign Currency Translation    Loss		-		-		-		-		-			-			6,706			6,706
Balance at March 31, 2023		48,100	$	5		37,491,954	$	3,749	$	451,336,338		$	(453,511,214	)	$	(9,318	)	$	(2,180,440	)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed financial statements.

3

ASCENT SOLAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT

(unaudited)

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2022

	Series A Preferred Stock				Series 1A Preferred Stock					Common Stock				Additional Paid-In			Accumulated			Other Accumulated Comprehensive			Total Stockholders’ Equity
	Shares		Amount		Shares			Amount		Shares		Amount		Capital			Deficit			Loss			(Deficit)
Balance at January 1, 2022		48,100	$	5		3,700		$	-		4,786,804	$	479	$	424,948,698		$	(427,782,788	)				$	(2,833,606	)
Conversion of TubeSolar Series 1A    Preferred Stock into Common    Stock		-		-		(2,400	)		-		4,800,000		480		(480	)		-			-			-
Conversion of Crowdex Series 1A    Preferred Stock into Common    Stock		-		-		(1,300	)		-		2,600,000		260		(260	)		-			-			-
Conversion of BD1 Note    into Common Stock		-		-		-			-		15,800,000		1,580		7,898,420			-			-			7,900,000
Conversion of Nanyang Note    into Common Stock		-		-		-			-		1,200,000		120		599,880			-			-			600,000
Conversion of Fleur Note into    Common Stock		-		-		-			-		1,400,000		140		699,860			-			-			700,000
Net Loss		-		-		-			-		-		-		-			(4,297,249	)		-			(4,297,249	)
Foreign Currency Translation    Loss		-		-		-			-		-		-		-			-			(7,097	)		(7,097	)
Balance at March 31, 2022		48,100	$	5		-		$	-		30,586,804	$	3,059	$	434,146,118		$	(432,080,037	)	$	(7,097	)	$	2,062,048

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed financial statements.

4

ASCENT SOLAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(unaudited)

	For the Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2023			2022
Operating Activities:
Net income/(loss)	$	(6,083,352	)	$	(4,297,249	)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		25,781			16,665
Share-based compensation		1,404,450			—
Operating lease asset amortization		182,556			168,671
Amortization of debt discount		901,649			2,069,206
Loss on equity method investment		—			2
Inventory reserve expense		97,465			—
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable		(93,106	)		(512,004	)
Inventories		4,755			(45,448	)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		(1,182,239	)		(411,802	)
Accounts payable		(14,016	)		(41,565	)
Related party payable		(61,827	)		—
Operating lease liabilities		(178,622	)		(157,479	)
Accrued interest		166,386			15,107
Accrued expenses		(107,507	)		403,816
Net cash used in operating activities		(4,937,627	)		(2,792,080	)
Investing Activities:
Contributions to equity method investment		—			(83,559	)
Payments on purchase of assets		(48,650	)		(57,451	)
Patent activity costs		(5,884	)		(308	)
Net cash used in investing activities		(54,534	)		(141,318	)
Financing Activities:
Payment of convertible notes		(147,170	)		—
Net cash used in financing activities		(147,170	)		—
Net change in cash and cash equivalents		(5,139,331	)		(2,933,398	)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period		11,483,018			5,961,760
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	6,343,687		$	3,028,362
Non-Cash Transactions:
Non-cash conversions of convertible notes to equity	$	1,592,458		$	9,200,000
Series 1A preferred stock conversion	$	—		$	740

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed financial statements.

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NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTE 1. ORGANIZATION

Ascent Solar Technologies, Inc. (the “Company") is focusing on integrating its PV products into scalable and high value markets such as agrivoltaics, aerospace, satellites, near earth orbiting vehicles, and fixed wing unmanned aerial vehicles (“UAV”). The value proposition of Ascent’s proprietary solar technology not only aligns with the needs of customers in these industries, but also overcomes many of the obstacles other solar technologies face in these unique markets. Ascent has the capability to design and develop finished products for end users in these areas as well as collaborate with strategic partners to design and develop custom integrated solutions for products like fixed-wing UAVs. Ascent sees significant overlap of the needs of end users across these industries and can achieve economies of scale in sourcing, development, and production in commericializing products for these customers.

Effective March 13, 2023, the Company began focusing its Thornton manufacturing facility as a Perovskite Center of Excellence and has dedicated the facility to the industrial commercialization of the Company's patent-pending Perovskite solar technologies. On April 18, 2023, the Company completed a transaction to acquire the manufacturing assets of Flisom AG, a Zurich based thin-film solar manufacturer. The Company will continue to be headquartered in Thornton, CO and will commence manufacturing using its new manufacturing assets in Zurich, Switzerland.

NOTE 2. BASIS OF PRESENTATION

The accompanying, unaudited, condensed financial statements have been derived from the accounting records of the Company as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, and the results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022.

The accompanying, unaudited, condensed financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("U.S. GAAP") for interim financial information and in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 8 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, these interim financial statements do not include all of the information and footnotes typically found in U.S. GAAP audited annual financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary for a fair statement have been included. The Condensed Balance Sheet at December 31, 2022 has been derived from the audited financial statements as of that date but does not include all of the information and footnotes included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022. These condensed financial statements and notes should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2023 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2023.

NOTE 3. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The Company’s significant accounting policies were described in Note 3 to the audited financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022. Except for the adoption of FASB ASU No. 2020-06, Debt – Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40): Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity (“ASU 2020-06”) as disclosed below, there have been no significant changes to our accounting policies as of March 31, 2023.

Revenue Recognition:

Product revenue. The Company recognizes revenue for the sale of PV modules and other equipment sales at a point in time following the transfer of control of such products to the customer, which typically occurs upon shipment or delivery depending on the terms of the underlying contracts. For module and other equipment sales contracts that contain multiple performance obligations, the Company allocates the transaction price to each performance obligation identified in the contract

6

based on relative standalone selling prices, or estimates of such prices, and recognizes the related revenue as control of each individual product is transferred to the customer.

During the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company recognized product revenue of $99,225 and $54,210, respectively.

Milestone and engineering revenue. Each milestone and engineering arrangement is a separate performance obligation. The transaction price is estimated using the most likely amount method and revenue is recognized as the performance obligation is satisfied through achieving manufacturing, cost, or engineering targets. During the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company recognized total milestone and engineering revenue of $25,000 and $512,000, respectively. The $512,000 was earned from TubeSolar AG (“TubeSolar”), a related party.

Government contracts revenue. Revenue from government research and development contracts is generated under terms that are cost plus fee or firm fixed price. The Company generally recognizes this revenue over time using cost-based input methods, which recognizes revenue and gross profit as work is performed based on the relationship between actual costs incurred compared to the total estimated costs of the contract. In applying cost-based input methods of revenue recognition, the Company uses the actual costs incurred relative to the total estimated costs to determine our progress towards contract completion and to calculate the corresponding amount of revenue to recognize.

Cost based input methods of revenue recognition are considered a faithful depiction of the Company’s efforts to satisfy long-term government research and development contracts and therefore reflect the performance obligations under such contracts. Costs incurred that do not contribute to satisfying the Company’s performance obligations are excluded from the input methods of revenue recognition as the amounts are not reflective of transferring control under the contract. Costs incurred towards contract completion may include direct costs plus allowable indirect costs and an allocable portion of the fixed fee. If actual and estimated costs to complete a contract indicate a loss, provision is made currently for the loss anticipated on the contract.

No government contract revenue was recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022.

Accounts Receivable. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had an accounts receivable, net balance of $94,875 and $1,769, respectively. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had an allowance for doubtful accounts of $26,000 and $26,000, respectively.

Deferred revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2023 was as follows:

Balance as of January 1, 2023	$	13,000
Additions		29,350
Recognized as revenue		(29,350	)
Balance as of March 31, 2023	$	13,000

Earnings per Share: Earnings per share (“EPS”) are the amount of earnings attributable to each share of common stock. Basic EPS has been computed by dividing income available to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Income available to common stockholders has been computed by deducting dividends accumulated for the period on cumulative preferred stock (whether or not earned) from net income. Diluted earnings per share has been computed by dividing net income adjusted on an if-converted basis for the period by the weighted average number of common shares and potentially dilutive common share outstanding (which consist of warrants, options, restricted stock units and convertible securities using the if-converted method to the extent they are dilutive). Approximately 18.4 million and 2.4 million shares of dilutive shares were excluded from the three months period ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, EPS calculation as their impact is antidilutive.

Recently Adopted or to be Adopted Accounting Policies

On January 1, 2023, the Company adopted ASU 2020-06. The adoption resulted in the elimination of the beneficial conversion feature recognized on the Company’s convertible debt. The Company elected to apply the modified retrospective method to all open contracts as of January 1, 2023, and the cumulative effect of initially applying ASU 2020-06 was recognized as an adjustment to the Company’s retained earnings balance as of January 1, 2023. Comparative periods have not been restated and continue to be reported under the accounting standard in effect for those periods.

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The cumulative effect of the changes made to the Company’s January 1, 2023, balance sheet for the adoption of ASU 2020-06 is as follows:

	Balance at December 31, 2022			Adjustments Due to Adoption			Balance at January 1, 2023
Liabilities
Non-current convertible notes, net	$	5,268,399		$	3,686,243		$	8,954,642
Shareholders' equity
Additional paid in capital		452,135,653			(3,795,874	)		448,339,779
Accumulated deficit		(447,537,493	)		109,631			(447,427,862	)

The impact due to the change in accounting principle on net income and earnings per share is as follows:

	Post ASU 2020-06			Pre ASU 2020-06			Difference
Net Loss	$	(6,083,352	)	$	(8,283,316	)	$	2,199,964
Earnings Per Share (Basic and Diluted)		(0.17	)		(0.23	)		0.06

Other new pronouncements issued but not effective as of March 31, 2023 are not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s condensed financial statements.

NOTE 4. LIQUIDITY, CONTINUED OPERATIONS, AND GOING CONCERN

During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company entered into multiple financing agreements to fund operations. Further discussion of these transactions can be found in Notes 12 and 15 in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

The Company redeployed its Thornton manufacturing facility to focus on industrial commercialization of the Company's patent-pending Perovskite solar technologies. Additionally, the Company purchased manufacturing assets in Zurich, Switzerland where the Company plans to begin production. The Company does not expect that sales revenue and cash flows will be sufficient to support operations and cash requirements until it has fully implemented this strategy. During the three months ended March 31, 2023 the Company used $4,937,627 in cash for operations.

Additional projected product revenues are not anticipated to result in a positive cash flow position for the next twelve months overall and, while as of March 31, 2023, the Company has a working capital of $1,481,943, Management does not believe cash liquidity is sufficient for the next twelve months and will require additional financing.

The Company continues to look for ways to expand its production of PV films at industrial scale, and to secure long-term contracts for the sale of such output. The Company continues activities related to securing additional financing through strategic or financial investors, but there is no assurance the Company will be able to raise additional capital on acceptable terms or at all. If the Company's revenues do not increase rapidly, and/or additional financing is not obtained, the Company will be required to significantly curtail operations to reduce costs and/or sell assets. Such actions would likely have an adverse impact on the Company's future operations.

As a result of the Company’s recurring losses from operations and the need for additional financing to fund its operating and capital requirements, there is uncertainty regarding the Company’s ability to maintain liquidity sufficient to operate its business effectively, which raises doubt as to the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.

Management cannot provide any assurances that the Company will be successful in accomplishing any of its plans. These condensed financial statements do not include any adjustments that might be necessary should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern.

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NOTE 5. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

On September 15, 2021, the Company entered into a Long-Term Supply and Joint Development Agreement (“JDA”) with TubeSolar. Under the terms of the JDA, the Company will produce, and TubeSolar will purchase, thin-film photovoltaic (“PV”) foils (“PV Foils”) for use in TubeSolar’s solar modules for agricultural photovoltaic (“APV”) applications that require solar foils for its production. Additionally, the Company will receive (i) up to $4 million of non-recurring engineering (“NRE”) fees, (ii) up to $13.5 million of payments upon achievement of certain agreed upon production and cost structure milestones and (iii) product revenues from sales of PV Foils to TubeSolar. The JDA has no fixed term, and may only be terminated by either party for breach. No revenue was recognized under the JDA during the three months ended March 31, 2023. $512,000 of NRE revenue were recognized under the JDA during the three months ended March 31, 2022.

The Company and TubeSolar have also jointly established Ascent Solar Technologies Germany GmbH (“Ascent Germany”), in which TubeSolar holds of 30% of the entity. Ascent Germany was established to operate a PV manufacturing facility in Germany that will produce and deliver PV Foils exclusively to TubeSolar. The parties expect to jointly develop next generation tooling for use in manufacturing PV Foils at the JV facility. The Company accounts for this investment as an equity method investment as it does not have control of this entity, but does have significant influence over the activities that most significantly impact the entity’s operations and financial performance. The Company contributed $0 and $83,559 to Ascent Germany during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The Company currently cannot quantify its maximum exposure in this entity.

NOTE 6. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

The following table summarizes property, plant and equipment as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022:

	As of March 31,			As of December 31,
	2023			2022
Furniture, fixtures, computer hardware and    computer software	$	482,235		$	482,235
Manufacturing machinery and equipment		21,765,284			21,739,504
Leasehold improvements		103,951			87,957
Manufacturing machinery and equipment,    in progress		287,349			280,473
Depreciable property, plant and equipment		22,638,819			22,590,169
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization		(22,059,497	)		(22,038,508	)
Net property, plant and equipment	$	579,322		$	551,661

Depreciation expense for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 was $20,989 and $11,873, respectively. Depreciation expense is recorded under “Depreciation and amortization expense” in the unaudited Condensed Statements of Operations.

NOTE 7. OPERATING LEASE

The Company’s operating leases are comprised of approximately 100,000 rentable square feet for its manufacturing and operations and a Company car. These leases are classified and accounted for as operating leases. The building lease term is for 88 months commencing on September 21, 2020 at a rent of $50,000 per month including taxes, insurance and common area maintenance until December 31, 2020. Beginning January 1, 2021, the rent adjusted to $80,000 per month on a triple net basis and shall increase at an annual rate of 3% per annum until December 31, 2027.

As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, assets and liabilities related to the Company’s leases were as follows:

	As of March 31,		As of December 31,
	2023		2022
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net	$	4,141,958	$	4,324,514
Current portion of operating lease liability		754,168		733,572
Non-current portion of operating lease liability		3,628,660		3,827,878

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During the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company recorded operating lease expense included in selling, general and administrative expenses of $261,343 and $258,392, respectively.

Future maturities of the operating lease liability are as follows:

Remainder of 2023	$	772,225
2024		1,060,187
2025		1,090,196
2026		1,112,903
2027		1,146,290
Total lease payments		5,181,801
Less amounts representing interest		(798,973	)
Present value of lease liability	$	4,382,828

The remaining weighted average lease term and discount rate of the operating leases is 56.88 months and 7.0%, respectively.

NOTE 8. INVENTORIES

Inventories, net of reserves, consisted of the following at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022:

	As of March 31,		As of December 31,
	2023		2022
Raw materials	$	474,102	$	577,799
Work in process		38,961		37,351
Finished goods		-		133
Total	$	513,063	$	615,283

NOTE 9. OTHER PAYABLE

On June 30, 2017, the Company entered into an agreement with a vendor (“Vendor”) to convert the balance of their account into a note payable in the amount of $250,000. The note bears interest of 5% per annum and matured on February 28, 2018. As of March 31, 2023, the Company had not made any payments on this note, the accrued interest was $68,836, and the note is due upon demand. This note is recorded as Other payable in the Condensed Balance Sheets.

NOTE 10. CONVERTIBLE NOTES

The following table provides a summary of the activity of the Company's secured, convertible, promissory notes:

	Principal Balance 12/31/2022		Notes converted			Principal Balance 3/31/2023		Less: Discount Balance			Net Principal Balance 3/31/2023
Sabby Volatility Warrant Master Fund, LTD	$	7,392,899	$	(1,786,212	)	$	5,606,687	$	(1,860,185	)	$	3,746,502
L1 Capital Global Opportunities Master Fund, Ltd		7,500,000		(960,000	)		6,540,000		(2,169,839	)		4,370,161
	$	14,892,899	$	(2,746,212	)	$	12,146,687	$	(4,030,024	)	$	8,116,663

Sabby / L1 Convertible Notes

On December 19, 2022, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Contract (the “Securities Purchase Contract”) with two institutional investors (each, an “Investor” and collectively, the “Investors”) for the issuance to the Investors of $12,500,000 in aggregate principal amount of Senior Secured Original Issue 10% Discount Convertible Advance Notes

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pursuant to a direct registered offering (the “Registered Advance Notes”) and $2,500,000 in aggregate principal amount of Senior Secured Original Issue 10% Discount Convertible Advance Notes in a concurrent private placement (the “Private Placement Advance Notes” and, together with the Registered Advance Notes, the “Advance Notes”).

On March 29, 2023, the Company and each of the Investors entered into a Waiver and Amendment Agreement (the “Amendment”) relating to the Securities Purchase Contract and the Advance Notes to waive any event of default arising under Section 2.1 of the Advance Notes relating to the Company’s receipt of notice from the Listing Qualifications Department of Nasdaq indicating that the Company is not in compliance with the $1.00 Minimum Bid Price Requirement set forth in Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(a)(2) for continued listing on The Nasdaq Capital Market (the “Specified Default”).

Pursuant to the Amendment, the Company and each of the Investors agreed to waive the Specified Default and further agreed to the amend the Advance Notes to provide that (i) the new “Floor Price” for all purposes of the Advance Notes is $0.20 per share of the Company’s common stock, (ii) until the Company regains compliance with the $1.00 Minimum Bid Price Requirement, “Conversion Price” under the Advance Notes will mean the “Alternative Conversion Price” (as defined in the Advance Notes) and (iii) the Company will make certain prepayments of the Advance Notes held by the Investors on the following dates and in the following aggregate cash amounts, at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Advance Notes to be repaid plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon (if any). The Company's failure to comply with the terms of the Amendment would constitute an Event of Default under the Advance Notes.

On April 12, 2023, the Company and each of the Investors entered in a further amendment to the Amendment (the “Revised Amendment”), to provide for a consistent prepayment schedule for the Advance Notes held by each of the Investors. After giving effect to the Revised Amendment, the Advance Notes will be prepaid by the Company in cash on the following dates and in the following aggregate amounts, at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Advance Notes to be prepaid plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon (if any). The Company’s failure to comply with the terms of the Revised Amendment would constitute an “Event of Default” under the Advance Notes.

Prepayment Date	Aggregate
April 3, 2023	$	333,333
April 13, 2023		333,333
May 18, 2023		666,667
June 19, 2023		666,667
	$	2,000,000

The Advance Notes are convertible to Common Stock. The fixed conversion price of the Advance Notes is subject to certain adjustments in accordance with the terms thereof, including certain anti-dilution adjustments in the event that the Company issues shares of Common Stock, securities convertible into, exercisable for or exchangeable for the Company’s Common Stock, rights or options to acquire Common Stock or convertible securities or any combination thereof, including as units with other securities or property in an integrated transaction, at a purchase or conversion, exercise or exchange price of less than the fixed conversion price then in effect with respect to the Advance Notes.

The Securities Purchase Contract also included certain warrants to purchase up to 2,513,406 shares of common stock (the "Warrants"). The Warrants were issued with an exercise price equal to $3.93 per share, subject to certain adjustments in certain events, including the future issuance by the Company of securities with a purchase or conversion, exercise or exchange price that is less than the exercise price of the Warrants then in effect at any time.

On April 14, 2023 the Company entered a securities purchase agreement (“SPA”) with Lucro Investments VCC-ESG Opportunities Fund (“Lucro”) for an approximate $9 million private placement (the “Private Placement”) of an aggregate of 7,499,997 shares of the Company’s Common Stock. The per share purchase price for the Shares is $1.20 per share. The terms of the SPA with Lucro triggered certain adjustments to the Advance Notes and the Warrants in accordance with the existing terms of the outstanding Advance Notes and the outstanding Warrants. Following these adjustments:

1.The fixed conversion price of the approximately $10.1 million principal amount currently outstanding Advance Notes has been lowered to $0.3661 per share of Common Stock;

2.The exercise price of the outstanding Warrants has been lowered to $0.3661 per share of Common Stock; and

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3.The number of shares that the Warrants are exercisable for has been increased from 2,513,406 to 26,980,840 shares of Common Stock.

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, Sabby converted $1.79 million of principal for 2,051,053 shares of common stock. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, L1 converted $0.96 million of principal for 1,440,090 shares of common stock. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company had interest expense of $1,052,928 of which, $901,649 was due to accretion of discount on the note. Interest payable was $173,400 as of March 31, 2023.

NOTE 11. SERIES A PREFERRED STOCK

As of January 1, 2023, there were 48,100 shares of Series A Preferred Stock outstanding. Holders of Series A Preferred Stock are entitled to cumulative dividends at a rate of 8% per annum when and if declared by the Board of Directors at its sole discretion. The dividends may be paid in cash or in the form of common stock (valued at 10% below market price, but not to exceed the lowest closing price during the applicable measurement period), at the discretion of the Board of Directors. The dividend rate on the Series A Preferred Stock is indexed to the Company's stock price and subject to adjustment.

The Series A Preferred Stock may be converted into shares of common stock at the option of the Company if the closing price of the common stock exceeds $1,160,000, adjusted for reverse stock splits, for twenty consecutive trading days, or by the holder at any time. The Company has the right to redeem the Series A Preferred Stock at a price of $8.00 per share, plus any accrued and unpaid dividends, plus the make-whole amount (if applicable). At March 31, 2023, the preferred shares were not eligible for conversion to common shares at the option of the Company. The holder of the preferred shares may convert to common shares at any time. After making adjustment for the Company’s prior reverse stock splits, all 48,100 outstanding Series A preferred shares are convertible into less than one common share. Upon any conversion (whether at the option of the Company or the holder), the holder is entitled to receive any accrued but unpaid dividends.

Except as otherwise required by law (or with respect to approval of certain actions), the Series A Preferred Stock shall have no voting rights. Upon any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company, after payment or provision for payment of debts and other liabilities of the Company, the holders of Series A Preferred Stock shall be entitled to receive, pari passu with any distribution to the holders of common stock of the Company, an amount equal to $8.00 per share of Series A Preferred Stock plus any accrued and unpaid dividends.

As of March 31, 2023, there were 48,100 shares of Series A Preferred Stock outstanding and accrued and unpaid dividends of $477,526.

NOTE 12. STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)

Common Stock

At March 31, 2023, the Company had 500 million shares of common stock, $0.0001 par value, authorized for issuance. Each share of common stock has the right to one vote. As of March 31, 2023, the Company had 37,491,954 shares of common stock outstanding. The Company has not declared or paid any dividends related to the common stock during the three month ended March 31, 2023 and 2022.

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, $2.75 million of convertible debt was converted into 3,491,143 shares of common stock.

Preferred Stock

At March 31, 2023, the Company had 25 million shares of preferred stock, $0.0001 par value, authorized for issuance. Preferred stock may be issued in classes or series. Designations, powers, preferences, rights, qualifications, limitations and restrictions are determined by the Company’s Board of Directors.

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The following table summarizes the designations, shares authorized, and shares outstanding for the Company’s Preferred Stock:

Preferred Stock Series Designation	Shares Authorized		Shares Outstanding
Series A		750,000		48,100
Series 1A		5,000		—
Series B-1		2,000		—
Series B-2		1,000		—
Series C		1,000		—
Series D		3,000		—
Series D-1		2,500		—
Series E		2,800		—
Series F		7,000		—
Series G		2,000		—
Series H		2,500		—
Series I		1,000		—
Series J		1,350		—
Series J-1		1,000		—
Series K		20,000		—

Warrants

As of March 31, 2023, there are 3,929,311 outstanding warrants with exercise prices between $3.93 and $5.30 per share.

Series A Preferred Stock

Refer to Note 11 for information on Series A Preferred Stock.

Series 1A, B-1, B-2, C, D, D-1, E, F, G, H, I, J, J-1, and K Preferred Stock

There were no transactions involving the Series 1A, B-1, B-2, C, D, D-1, E, F, G, H, I, J, J-1, or K during the three months ended March 31, 2023.

NOTE 13. SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION

The Company granted restricted stock units to the Company's Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer and recognized share-based compensation expense related to restricted stock grants of $1,404,450 for the three months ended March 31, 2023. On April 26, 2023, the Company terminated its employment contract with the Company's Chief Executive Officer resulting in the forfeiture of 2,356,394 restricted stock units. The remaining non-vested shares of 513,333 units are expected to vest in the future. Total unrecognized share-based compensation expense from the remaining unvested restricted stock as of March 31, 2023 was approximately $1,529,733 and is expected to be recognized over 33 months. The following table summarizes non-vested restricted stock and the related activity as of March 31, 2023:

	Shares			Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Non-vested at January 1, 2023		3,152,033			4.95
Vested		(282,306	)		5.04
Non-vested at March 31, 2023		2,869,727			4.94

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NOTE 14. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

On April 26, 2023, the board of directors of the Company terminated Jeffrey Max as the Company’s President and Chief Executive Officer. Mr. Max claims that his termination was not for cause as defined in his employment agreement which could enable him to certain benefits, including severance and vesting of restricted stock units. Management believes Mr. Max was terminated for cause and any such claims, if asserted, would be without substantial merit. Although the outcome of any legal proceedings is uncertain, the Company will vigorously defend any future claims made by Mr. Max.

The Company is subject to various legal proceedings, both asserted and unasserted, that arise in the ordinary course of business. The Company cannot predict the ultimate outcome of such legal proceedings or in certain instances provide reasonable ranges of potential losses. However, as of the date of this report, the Company believes that none of these claims will have a material adverse effect on its financial position or results of operations. In the event of unexpected subsequent developments and given the inherent unpredictability of these legal proceedings, there can be no assurance that the Company’s assessment of any claim will reflect the ultimate outcome, and an adverse outcome in certain matters could, from time to time, have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position or results of operations in particular quarterly or annual periods.

NOTE 15. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

On April 14, 2023, the Company entered the Private Placement with Lucro Investments VCC-ESG Opportunities Fundfor an approximate $9 million private placement of an aggregate of 7,499,997 shares of the Company’s common stock, $0.0001 par value per share. The per share purchase price is $1.20 per share. The Private Placement will close in nine tranches of approximately $1 million. The first tranche is scheduled to close by May 8, 2023. The ninth and final tranche is scheduled to close in late December 2023. The Company has not received the first tranche funding pursuant to this agreement. Management continues to assess the status and viability of this agreement.

On April 17, 2023, the Company entered into an Asset Purchase Agreement (the “Asset Purchase Agreement”) with Flisom AG, a leading developer and manufacturer of photovoltaic thin film solar cells (“Seller”), pursuant to which, among other things, the Company purchased certain assets relating to thin-film photovoltaic manufacture and production from Seller (collectively, the “Assets”), including (i) certain manufacturing equipment located at Seller’s Niederhasli, Switzerland facility (the “Manufacturing Facility”) and (ii) related inventory and raw materials at the Manufacturing Facility (collectively, the “Transaction”). In connection with the Transaction, the Company also received a license to certain intellectual property rights used in the operation of the Assets and will also acquire, by operation of Swiss law, the employment contracts of certain employees of Seller in Switzerland who are functionally predominantly working with the Assets, subject to such employees being offered the right to remain employed by Seller after the closing of the Transaction (the “Closing”). The total consideration paid by the Company to Seller in connection with the Transaction was an aggregate amount in cash equal to $2,800,000.

At the Closing, the Company and Seller also entered into (i) a Transition Services Agreement requiring that Seller provide transition support for the Company’s operation of the Assets, with fees to be due and payable by the Company for performance of such support services, (ii) a Sublease Agreement related to the Company’s use of the premises at the Manufacturing Facility where the Assets are located (the “Sublease Agreement”), and (iii) a Technology License Agreement, pursuant to which Seller granted the Company a revocable, non-exclusive license to certain intellectual property rights of the Seller used in the operation of the Assets (the “Licensed IP”), subject to certain encumbrances on the Licensed IP in favor of Seller’s lender.

On April 20, 2023, the Company entered into a letter agreement (the “Letter Agreement”) with FL1 Holding GmbH, a German company (“FL1”) that is affiliated with BD 1 Investment Holding, LLC (“BD1”), an affiliate of the Company, BD1 and BD Vermögensverwaltung GmbH (“BD”), the parent entity of FL1 (collectively, the “Affiliates”), in connection with the prospective acquisition by FL1 of substantially all shares in Seller following the Closing, subject to the satisfaction of certain terms and conditions. Pursuant to the Letter Agreement, among other things, FL1 and one or more of the Affiliates agreed, on behalf of itself and its affiliates (i) to certain noncompetition and nonsolicitation obligations with respect to the Company and the Assets, including certain prospective customers of the products produced using the Assets, for a period of five (5) years from the Closing, subject to certain exceptions, (ii) to cause Seller to use certain of its intellectual property rights for limited internal purposes until such time as a joint collaboration agreement is entered into after the Closing among Seller, the Company and certain other affiliates of FL1 related to the licensing and use of such intellectual property, and otherwise not to dispose of or fail to maintain such intellectual property, (iii) to reimburse the Company for certain pre-Closing liabilities of Seller to the

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extent incurred by the Company following the closing of the Transaction; and (iv) to indemnify the Company for breaches of certain representations, warranties and covenants relating to the Assets.

Pursuant to the Letter Agreement, each of BD and BD1 have also agreed that (1) it and its affiliates will not offer to acquire or acquire, by merger, tender offer or otherwise, all or substantially all of the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company not beneficially owned by BD and its affiliates, without the approval of a committee comprised of disinterested and independent members of the Company’s Board of Directors and the affirmative vote of a majority of the voting power of outstanding shares of the Company not beneficially owned by BD and its affiliates; (2) BD and its affiliates will not transfer any shares of the Company’s capital stock beneficially owned by them unless the transferee agrees in writing to be bound by the foregoing restriction; and (3) each of them will stand behind the obligations of FL1 pursuant to the Letter Agreement.

The Letter Agreement also grants the Company the option, but not the obligation, (i) to purchase certain intellectual property rights of Seller relating to thin-film photovoltaic manufacture and production for $2,000,000 following the release of certain liens on such intellectual property rights in favor of Seller’s lender, and (ii) for a period of 12 months following the Closing, to resell the Assets to FL1 for an aggregate amount equal to $5,000,000, with such transaction to close within 90 days following the exercise of the Company’s resale right.

On April 19, 2023, the Company entered a securities purchase agreement (“SPA”) with BD1 for a $5 million private placement (the “BD1 Private Placement”) of subordinated promissory notes (the “Notes”). The BD1 Private Placement will close in four tranches with the first tranche (for $2 million) scheduled to close by May 15, 2023. The fourth and final tranche is scheduled to close in mid-August 2023. The maturity date of all the Notes is September 30, 2026. The Notes will bear interest at 6% per annum and are (i) unsecured, (ii) not convertible, and (iii) are subordinated to the Company’s senior indebtedness. The Company has not received funding pursuant to this agreement.

Subsequent to March 31, 2023, Sabby and L1 converted approximately $3.1M principal into 12,153,013 shares of Common Stock.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our unaudited financial statements and the notes to those financial statements appearing elsewhere in this Form 10-Q and our audited financial statements and related notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 which was filed with the SEC on March 10, 2023. This discussion and analysis contains statements of a forward-looking nature relating to future events or our future financial performance. As a result of many factors, our actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements. These statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results, levels of activity, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. You should carefully read the “Risk Factors” section of this Quarterly Report and of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 to gain an understanding of the important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from our forward-looking statements. Please also see the section entitled “Forward-Looking Statements.”

Overview

We target high-volume production and high-value specialty solar markets. These include agrivoltaics, space, aerospace and high-value niche manufacturing/construction sectors. This strategy enables us to fully leverage what we believe are the unique advantages of our technology, including flexibility, durability and attractive power to weight and power to area performance. It further enables us to offer unique, differentiated solutions in large markets with less competition, and more attractive pricing.

Specifically, we focus on commercializing our proprietary solar technology in two high-value PV verticals:

I. Aerospace: Space, Near-space and Fixed Wing UAV

II. Agrivoltaics

We believe the value proposition of Ascent’s proprietary solar technology not only aligns with the needs of customers in these verticals, but also overcomes many of the obstacles other solar technologies face in these unique markets. Ascent has the capability to design and develop finished products for end users in these areas as well as collaborate with strategic partners to design and develop custom integrated solutions for products like airships and fixed-wing UAVs. Ascent sees significant overlap in the needs of end users across some of these verticals and believes it can achieve economies of scale in sourcing, development, and production in commercializing products for these customers.

The integration of Ascent's solar modules into space, near space, and aeronautic vehicles with ultra-lightweight and flexible solar modules is an important market opportunity for the Company. Customers in this market have historically required a high level of durability, high voltage and conversion efficiency from solar module suppliers, and we believe our products are well suited to compete in this premium market.

For the three months ended March 31, 2023, we generated $124,225 of total revenue. As of March 31, 2023, we had an accumulated deficit of $453,511,214.

Due to the high durability enabled by the monolithic integration employed by our technology, the capability to customize modules into different form factors and what we believe is the industry leading light weight and flexibility provided by our modules, we believe that the potential applications for our products are extensive, including integrated solutions anywhere that may need power generation such as vehicles in space or in flight, or dual-use installations on agricultural land.

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Commercialization and Manufacturing Strategy

We manufacture our products by affixing a thin CIGS layer to a flexible, plastic substrate using a large format, roll-to-roll process that permits us to fabricate our flexible PV modules in an integrated sequential operation. We use proprietary monolithic integration techniques which enable us to form complete PV modules with little to no back-end assembly cost of inter- cell connections. Traditional PV manufacturers assemble PV modules by bonding or soldering discrete PV cells together. This manufacturing step typically increases manufacturing costs and at times proves detrimental to the overall yield and reliability of the finished product. By reducing or eliminating this added step using our proprietary monolithic integration techniques, we believe we can achieve cost savings in, and increase the reliability of, our PV modules.

We plan to continue the development of our current PV technology to increase module efficiency, improve our manufacturing tooling and process capabilities and reduce manufacturing costs. We also plan to continue to take advantage of research and development contracts to fund a portion of this development.

In March, 2023, the Company redeployed its Thornton manufacturing facility to focus on industrial commercialization of the Company's patent-pending Perovskite solar technologies and has purchased manufacturing assets in Zurich, Switzerland where the Company plans to begin production of its PV modules.

Significant Trends, Uncertainties and Challenges

We believe the significant trends, uncertainties and challenges that directly or indirectly affect our financial performance and results of operations include:

•The impact of the novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) pandemic on our business, results of operations, cash flows, financial condition and liquidity;

•Our operating history and lack of profitability;

•Our ability to develop demand for, and sales of, our products;

•Our ability to attract and retain qualified personnel to implement our business plan and corporate growth strategies;

•Our ability to develop sales, marketing and distribution capabilities;

•Our ability to successfully develop and maintain strategic relationships with key partners;

•The accuracy of our estimates and projections;

•Our ability to secure additional financing to fund our short-term and long-term financial needs;

•Our ability to maintain the listing of our common stock on the Nasdaq Capital Market;

•The commencement, or outcome, of legal proceedings against us, or by us, including ongoing litigation proceedings;

•Changes in our business plan or corporate strategies;

•The extent to which we are able to manage the growth of our operations effectively, both domestically and abroad, whether directly owned or indirectly through licenses;

•The supply, availability and price of equipment, components and raw materials, including the elements needed to produce our photovoltaic modules;

•Our ability to expand and protect the intellectual property portfolio that relates to our photovoltaic modules and processes;

•Our ability to maintain effective internal controls over financial reporting;

•Our ability to achieve projected operational performance and cost metrics; and

•General economic and business conditions, and in particular, conditions specific to the solar power industry.

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Basis of Presentation: The accompanying unaudited condensed financial statements have been derived from the accounting records of Ascent Solar Technologies, Inc. as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, and the results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Critical accounting policies used in reporting our financial results are reviewed by management on a regular basis. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. Processes used to develop these estimates are evaluated on an ongoing basis. Estimates are based on historical experience and various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities. Actual results may differ as outcomes from assumptions may change.

The Company’s significant accounting policies were described in Note 3 to the audited financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022. Except for the adoption of ASU 2020-06, there have been no significant changes to our accounting policies as of March 31, 2023.

Results of Operations

Comparison of the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2023			2022			$ Change
Revenues
Products	$	99,225		$	54,210		$	45,015
Milestone and engineering		25,000			512,000			(487,000	)
Total Revenues		124,225			566,210			(441,985	)
Costs and Expenses
Cost of Revenue		461,795			532,890			(71,095	)
Research, development and    manufacturing operations		1,665,694			1,406,322			259,372
Selling, general and administrative		1,591,821			821,266			770,555
Share-based compensation		1,404,450			-			1,404,450
Depreciation and amortization		25,781			16,665			9,116
Total Costs and Expenses		5,149,541			2,777,143			2,372,398
Loss From Operations		(5,025,316	)		(2,210,933	)		(2,814,383	)
Other Income/(Expense)
Other income/(expense), net		10,000			-			10,000
Interest Expense		(1,068,036	)		(2,086,314	)		1,018,278
Total Other Income/(Expense)		(1,058,036	)		(2,086,314	)		1,028,278
Income/(Loss) on Equity Method Investments		-			(2	)		2
Net (Loss)/Income	$	(6,083,352	)	$	(4,297,249	)	$	(1,786,103	)

Comparison of the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022

Total Revenues. Our total revenues decreased by $441,985, or 78%, for the three months ended March 31, 2023 when compared to the same period in 2022. The decrease was primarily due to milestone and engineering revenue in 2022 from TubeSolar, a related party, of $512,000 that was not repeated in 2023.

Cost of revenue. Cost of revenues is primarily comprised of repair and maintenance, material costs, and direct labor and overhead expenses. Our Cost of revenues decreased by $71,095, or 13%, for the three months ended March 31, 2023 when compared to the same period in 2022. This is due primarily to the Company redeploying its Thornton manufacturing facility to focus on industrial commercialization of the Company's patent-pending Perovskite solar technologies resulting in lower cost of revenue.

18

Research, development and manufacturing operations. Research, development and manufacturing operations costs include costs incurred for product development, pre-production and production activities in our manufacturing facility. Research, development and manufacturing operations costs also include costs related to technology development. Research, development and manufacturing operations costs increased by $259,372, or 18%, for the three months ended March 31, 2023 when compared to the same period in 2022. This is due primarily to the Company redeploying the Thornton manufacturing facility as a Perovskite Center of Excellence and focusing on patent-pending Perovskite solar technologies.

Selling, general and administrative. Selling, general and administrative expenses increased by $770,555, or 94%, for the three months ended March 31, 2023 when compared to the same period in 2022. The increase in costs is due primarily to increased personnel compensation and administrative costs.

Share-based compensation. Share-based compensation expense increased by $1,404,450 or 100% for the three months ended March 31, 2023 when compared to the same period in 2022. The increase is due to the employment agreement between the Company and the CEO and CFO for restricted stock units.

Other Income/Expense. Other expense was $1,058,036 for the three months ended March 31, 2023, compared to other expense of $2,086,314 for the same period in 2022, a decline of $1,028,278. The decline is due primarily to a decrease in interest expense resulting from the convertible debt conversions and the accelerated recognition of debt discount in the prior year.

Net Loss. Our Net Loss increased by $1,786,103, or 42%, for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022 due primarily to the items mentioned above.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

The Company has redeployed its Thornton facilities from a manufacturing facility to a research and development facility. Additionally, the Company purchased manufacturing equipment in Zurich, Switzerland where the Company plans to begin production. The Company does not expect that sales revenue and cash flows will be sufficient to support operations and cash requirements until it has fully implemented its product strategy. During the three months ended March 31, 2023 the Company used $4,937,627 in cash for operations.

Additionally, projected total revenues are not anticipated to result in a positive cash flow position for the year overall and, as of March 31, 2023, although the Company has working capital of $1,481,943, Management does not believe cash liquidity is sufficient for the next twelve months and will require additional financing.

The Company has begun activities related to securing additional financing through strategic or financial investors, but there is no assurance the Company will be able to raise additional capital on acceptable terms or at all. If the Company’s revenues do not increase rapidly, and/or additional financing is not obtained, the Company will be required to significantly curtail operations to reduce costs and/or sell assets. Such actions would likely have an adverse impact on the Company's future operations.

As a result of the Company’s recurring losses from operations, and the need for additional financing to fund its operating and capital requirements, there is uncertainty regarding the Company’s ability to maintain liquidity sufficient to operate its business effectively, which raises doubt as to the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.

Management cannot provide any assurances that the Company will be successful in accomplishing any of its plans. These condensed financial statements do not include any adjustments that might be necessary should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern.

Statements of Cash Flows Comparison of the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022

For the three months ended March 31, 2023, our cash used in operations was $4,937,627 compared to $2,792,080 for the three months ended March 31, 2022, an increase of $2,145,547. This increase is due primarily to increased Company expenses and timing of when expenses have been paid. For the three months ended March 31, 2023, cash used in investing activities was $54,534 compared to $141,318 used in investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2022. This change was primarily the result of a decrease purchase of equipment and contributions to Ascent Germany. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, net cash used in operations of $4,937,627 were primarily funded from 2022 financing agreements.

19

Off Balance Sheet Transactions

As of March 31, 2023, we did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements as defined in Item 303(a)(4)(ii) of Regulation S-K.

Smaller Reporting Company Status

We are a “smaller reporting company” meaning that the market value of our stock held by non-affiliates is less than $700 million and our annual revenue was less than $100 million during the most recently completed fiscal year. We may continue to be a smaller reporting company if either (i) the market value of our stock held by non-affiliates is less than $250 million or (ii) our annual revenue was less than $100 million during the most recently completed fiscal year and the market value of our stock held by non-affiliates is less than $700 million. As a smaller reporting company, we may rely on exemptions from certain disclosure requirement that are available to smaller reporting companies. Specifically, as a smaller reporting company we may choose to present only the two most recent fiscal years of audited financial statements in our Annual Report on Form 10-K and smaller reporting companies have reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Foreign Currency Exchange Risk

We hold no significant funds and have no significant future obligations denominated in foreign currencies as of March 31, 2023.

Although our reporting currency is the U.S. Dollar, we may conduct business and incur costs in the local currencies of other countries in which we may operate, make sales and buy materials. As a result, we are subject to currency translation risk. Further, changes in exchange rates between foreign currencies and the U.S. Dollar could affect our future net sales and cost of sales and could result in exchange losses.

Interest Rate Risk

Our exposure to market risks for changes in interest rates relates primarily to our cash equivalents and investment portfolio. As of March 31, 2023, our cash equivalents consisted only of operating accounts held with financial institutions. From time to time, we may hold restricted funds, money market funds, investments in U.S. government securities and high-quality corporate securities. The primary objective of our investment activities is to preserve principal and provide liquidity on demand, while at the same time maximizing the income we receive from our investments without significantly increasing risk. The direct risk to us associated with fluctuating interest rates is limited to our investment portfolio, and we do not believe a change in interest rates will have a significant impact on our financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We maintain disclosure controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed or submitted under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms. Our disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to management as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures. Our management conducted an evaluation required by Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15 under the Exchange Act of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15 under the Exchange Act as of March 31, 2023. Based on this evaluation, our management concluded the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of March 31, 2023.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There were no changes in internal control over financial reporting during the three months ended March 31, 2023 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

From time to time, we may become involved in legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of our business. We are not currently aware of any such proceedings or claims that we believe will have, individually or in the aggregate, a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

In addition to the information set forth in this Form 10-Q, you should carefully consider the risk factors disclosed under the heading “Risk Factors” in Part I, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022. Except as set forth below, there have been no material changes to our risk factors from those included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

We may not be able to maintain our current listing for our common stock on the Nasdaq Capital Market. Our inability to maintain our current listing on Nasdaq may limit the liquidity of our stock, increase its volatility, and hinder our ability to raise capital. If our common stock is delisted by Nasdaq, our common stock may be eligible for quotation on an over-the-counter quotation system or on the pink sheets. Upon any such delisting, our common stock would become subject to the regulations of the SEC relating to the market for penny stocks. A penny stock is any equity security not traded on a national securities exchange that has a market price of less than $5.00 per share. The regulations applicable to penny stocks may severely affect the market liquidity for our common stock and could limit the ability of shareholders to sell securities in the secondary market. In such a case, an investor may find it more difficult to dispose of or obtain accurate quotations as to the market value of our common stock, and there can be no assurance that our common stock will be eligible for trading or quotation on any alternative exchanges or markets.

Delisting from Nasdaq could adversely affect our ability to raise additional financing through public or private sales of equity securities, would significantly affect the ability of investors to trade our securities and would negatively affect the value and liquidity of our common stock. Delisting could also have other negative results, including the potential loss of confidence by employees, the loss of institutional investor interest and fewer business development opportunities.

Nasdaq Bid Price Notice

Our common stock was listed on Nasdaq on August 24, 2022. The Nasdaq listing rules require listed securities to maintain a minimum bid price of $1.00 per share. On March 23, 2023, the Company received a written notice from Nasdaq indicating that the Company was not in compliance with the $1.00 minimum bid price requirement. The notice did not result in the immediate delisting of the Company’s common stock from Nasdaq and the Company was provided 180 calendar days in which to regain compliance. If at any time during this 180 calendar day period the bid price of the Company’s common stock closes at or above $1.00 per share for a minimum of ten consecutive business days, the Nasdaq staff (the “Staff”) will provide the Company with a written confirmation of compliance and the matter will be closed.

Alternatively, if the Company fails to regain compliance with the bid price rule prior to the expiration of the initial 180 calendar day period, the Company may be eligible for an additional 180 calendar day compliance period, provided (i) it meets the continued listing requirement for market value of publicly held shares and all other applicable requirements for initial listing on Nasdaq (except for the bid price requirement) and (ii) it provides written notice to Nasdaq of its intention to cure this deficiency during the second compliance period by effecting a reverse stock split, if necessary. In the event the Company does not regain compliance with the bid price rule prior to the expiration of the initial 180 calendar day period, and if it appears to the Nasdaq staff that the Company will not be able to cure the deficiency, or if the Company is not otherwise eligible, the Nasdaq staff will provide the Company with written notification that its securities are subject to delisting from Nasdaq. At that time, the Company may appeal the delisting determination to a Nasdaq hearings panel.

Nasdaq Stockholder Equity Requirement

Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(b)(1) requires companies listed on Nasdaq to maintain a minimum of $2,500,000 in stockholders’ equity for continued listing. In our quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2023, the Company reported stockholders’ equity of $(2,180,440). The Company, therefore, may shortly receive a written notice from Nasdaq indicating that we are not in compliance with minimum stockholders’ equity requirement.

21

Typically, such a notice would have no immediate on the listing of the Company’s common stock. Nasdaq would typically provides the Company with 45 calendar days to submit a plan to regain compliance. If the plan is accepted, the Company would typically be granted up to 180 calendar days from notice date to evidence compliance. There can be no assurance that the Company would be able to regain compliance with all applicable continued listing requirements or that its plan would be accepted by the Nasdaq staff. In the event the plan would not be accepted by the Nasdaq staff, or in the event the plan would be accepted and the extension granted but the Company fails to regain compliance within the plan period, the Company would have the right to a hearing before an independent panel. The hearing request would stay any suspension or delisting action pending the conclusion of the hearing process and the expiration of any additional extension period granted by the panel following the hearing.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Not applicable.

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

We did not repurchase any of our equity securities during the three months ended March 31, 2023.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

Not applicable.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information

None.

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Item 6. Exhibits

The exhibits listed on the accompanying Index to Exhibits on this Form 10-Q are filed or incorporated into this Form 10-Q by reference.

EXHIBIT INDEX

Exhibit No.	Description
3.1	Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to our Registration Statement on Form SB-2 filed on January 23, 2006 (Reg. No. 333-131216))
3.2	Certificate of Amendment to the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2011)
3.3	Certificate of Amendment to the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed February 11, 2014)
3.4	Certificate of Amendment to the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company, dated August 26, 2014. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed September 2, 2014)
3.5	Certificate of Amendment to the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company, dated October 27, 2014 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 28, 2014)
3.6	Certificate of Amendment to the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company, dated December 22, 2014. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K dated December 23, 2014)
3.7	Second Amended and Restated Bylaws (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 17, 2009)
3.8	First Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Bylaws (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3 to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2009)
3.9	Second Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Bylaws (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed January 25, 2013)
3.10	Third Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Bylaws (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed December 18, 2015)
3.11	Certificate of Amendment to the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company, dated May 26, 2016 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed June 2, 2016)
3.12	Certificate of Amendment to the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company, dated September 15, 2016 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed September 16, 2016)
3.13	Certificate of Amendment to the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company, dated March 16, 2017 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed March 17, 2017)
3.14	Certificate of Amendment to the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company, dated July 19, 2018 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 23, 2018)
3.15	Certificate of Amendment to the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company, dated September 23, 2021 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed September 24, 2021)
3.16	Certificate of Amendment to the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company, dated January 27, 2022 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed February 2, 2022)

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4.1	Form of Common Stock Certificate (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to our Registration Statement on Form SB-2/A filed on June 6, 2006 (Reg. No. 333-131216))
4.2	Certificate of Designations of Series A Preferred Stock (filed as Exhibit 4.2 to our Registration Statement on Form S-3 filed July 1, 2013 (Reg. No. 333-189739))
4.3	Description of Securities (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed May 13, 2021)
10.1 CTR	Securities Purchase Agreement, dated January 17, 2006, between the Company and ITN Energy Systems, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our Registration Statement on Form SB-2 filed on January 23, 2006 (Reg. No. 333-131216))
10.2 CTR	Invention and Trade Secret Assignment Agreement, dated January 17, 2006, between the Company and ITN Energy Systems, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to our Registration Statement on Form SB-2 filed on January 23, 2006 (Reg. No. 333-131216))
10.3	Patent Application Assignment Agreement, dated January 17, 2006, between the Company and ITN Energy Systems, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to our Registration Statement on Form SB-2 filed on January 23, 2006 (Reg. No. 333-131216))
10.4 CTR	License Agreement, dated January 17, 2006, between the Company and ITN Energy Systems, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to our Registration Statement on Form SB-2 filed on January 23, 2006 (Reg. No. 333-131216))
10.5	Letter Agreement, dated November 23, 2005, among the Company, ITN Energy Systems, Inc. and the University of Delaware (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.16 to our Registration Statement on Form SB-2/A filed on May 26, 2006 (Reg. No. 333-131216))
10.6 CTR	License Agreement, dated November 21, 2006, between the Company and UD Technology Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on November 29, 2006)
10.7	Novation Agreement, dated January 1, 2007, among the Company, ITN Energy Systems, Inc. and the United States Government (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.23 to our Annual Report on Form 10-KSB for the year ended December 31, 2006)
10.8†	Seventh Amended and Restated 2005 Stock Option Plan (incorporated by reference to Annex B of our definitive proxy statement dated April 22, 2016)
10.9†	Seventh Amended and Restated 2008 Restricted Stock Plan Stock Option Plan Plan (incorporated by reference to Annex A of our definitive proxy statement dated April 22, 2016)
10.10+	Industrial Lease for 12300 Grant Street, Thornton, Colorado dated September 21, 2020 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.50 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed January 29, 2021)
10.11+	Long-Term Supply and Joint Development Agreement dated September 15, 2021 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2021)
10.12	Form of Common Stock Warrant Related to Securities Purchase Agreement dated August 8, 2022 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on August 8, 2022)
10.13	Common Stock Warrant dated August 19, 2022 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on August 19, 2022)
10.14†CTR	Employment Agreement between the Company and Jeffrey Max dated September 21, 2022 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 27, 2022)
10.15†	Employment Agreement between the Company and Paul Warley dated December 12, 2022 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on December 12, 2022)
10.16	Securities Purchase Contract, dated as of December 19, 2022 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on December 20, 2022)
10.17	Form of Security Agreement, dated as of December 19, 2022 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on December 20, 2022)

24

10.18	Form of Registered Advance Note 2022 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on December 20, 2022)
10.19	Form of Private Placement Advance Note (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on December 20, 2022)
10.20	Form of Warrant Note (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on December 20, 2022)
10.21	Waiver and Amendment Agreement, dated as of March 29, 2023 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 29, 2023)
10.22	Amendment to Waiver and Amendment Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 13, 2023)
10.23	Common Stock Securities Purchase Agreement dated April 14, 2023 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 20, 2023)
10.24	Asset Purchase Agreement, dated as of April 17, 2023 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 21, 2023)
10.25	Transition Services Agreement, dated as of April 17, 2023 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 21, 2023)
10.26	Sublease Agreement, dated as of April 17, 2023 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 21, 2023)
10.27	Technology License Agreement, dated as of April 17, 2023 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 21, 2023)
10.28	Letter Agreement, dated as of April 20, 2023 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 21, 2023)
10.29	Subordinated Debt Securities Purchase Agreement dated April 19, 2023 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 25, 2023)
10.30	Form of Subordinated Note under Subordinated Debt Securities Purchase Agreement dated April 19, 2023 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 25, 2023)
10.31†	CEO Employment Agreement between the Company and Paul Warley dated as of May 1, 2023
31.1*	Chief Executive Officer Certification pursuant to section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
31.2*	Chief Financial Officer Certification pursuant to section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.1*	Chief Executive Officer Certification pursuant to section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.2*	Chief Financial Officer Certification pursuant to section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
101.INS	Inline XBRL Instance Document – the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCH	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104	Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document)
*	Filed herewith
CTR	Portions of this exhibit have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment.

25

†	Denotes management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
+	Certain portions of the exhibit have been omitted pursuant to Rule 601(b)(10) of Regulation S-K. The omitted information is (i) not material and (ii) would likely cause competitive harm to the Company if publicly disclosed.

26

ASCENT SOLAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized on the 15th day of May, 2023.

May 15, 2023	By:	/s/ PAUL WARLEY
		Paul Warley Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)
May 15, 2023	By:	/s/ JIN H. JO
		Jin H. Jo Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

27

EX-31.1

Exhibit 31.1

ASCENT SOLAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, Paul Warley, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Ascent Solar Technologies, Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

May 15, 2023
	/s/ PAUL WARLEY
	Paul Warley Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)

EX-31.2

Exhibit 31.2

ASCENT SOLAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, Jin H. Jo, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Ascent Solar Technologies, Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

May 15, 2023
	By:	/s/ JIN H. JO
		Jin H. Jo Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

EX-32.1

Exhibit 32.1

ASCENT SOLAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350 AS ADOPTED PURSUANT

TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Ascent Solar Technologies, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2023 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date therein specified (the “Report”), I, Paul Warley, Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

1.The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

2.The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

May 15, 2023
	/s/ PAUL WARLEY
	Paul Warley Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)

EX-32.2

Exhibit 32.2

ASCENT SOLAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350 AS ADOPTED PURSUANT

TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Ascent Solar Technologies, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2023 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date therein specified (the “Report”), I, Jin Jo, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

1.The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

2.The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

May 15, 2023
	By:	/s/ JIN H. JO
		Jin H. Jo Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

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Document and Entity Information - shares	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	May 15, 2023
Cover [Abstract]
Entity Registrant Name	Ascent Solar Technologies, Inc.
Entity Central Index Key	0001350102
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Entity Filer Category	Non-accelerated Filer
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Document Type	10-Q
Document Period End Date	Mar. 31, 2023
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2023
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q1
Amendment Flag	false
Entity File Number	001-32919
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Small Business	true
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		49,929,967
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Tax Identification Number	20-3672603
Entity Address, Address Line One	12300 Grant Street
Entity Address, City or Town	Thornton
Entity Address, State or Province	CO
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	80241
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Transition Report	false
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
City Area Code	720
Local Phone Number	872-5000
Title of 12(b) Security	Common
Trading Symbol	ASTI

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CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Current Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 6,343,687	$ 11,483,018
Trade receivables, net of allowance of $26,000 and $26,000, respectively	94,875	1,769
Inventories, net	513,063	615,283
Prepaid and other current assets	1,507,609	344,110
Total current assets	8,459,234	12,444,180
Property, Plant and Equipment:	22,638,819	22,590,169
Accumulated depreciation	(22,059,497)	(22,038,508)
Property, Plant and Equipment, net	579,322	551,661
Other Assets:
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net	4,141,958	4,324,514
Patents, net of accumulated amortization of $159,010 and $154,218 respectively	81,075	79,983
Equity method investment	68,085	61,379
Other non-current assets	1,233,725	1,214,985
Total other assets	5,524,843	5,680,861
Total Assets	14,563,399	18,676,702
Current Liabilities:
Accounts payable	581,141	595,157
Related party payables	5,337	67,164
Accrued expenses	748,076	888,869
Accrued payroll	754,663	927,264
Accrued professional services fees	1,158,460	952,573
Accrued interest	725,446	559,060
Current portion of operating lease liability	754,168	733,572
Current portion of convertible notes	2,000,000
Other payable	250,000	250,000
Total current liabilities	6,977,291	4,973,659
Long-Term Liabilities:
Non-current operating lease liabilities	3,628,660	3,827,878
Non-current convertible notes, net	6,116,663	5,268,399
Accrued warranty liability	21,225	21,225
Total liabilities	16,743,839	14,091,161
Commitments and contingencies (Note XX)
Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit):
Series A preferred stock, $.0001 par value; 750,000 shares authorized; 48,100 and 48,100 shares issued and outstanding, respectively ($862,326 and $850,301 Liquidation Preference, respectively)	5	5
Common stock, $0.0001 par value, 500,000,000 authorized; 37,491,954 and 34,000,812 shares issued and outstanding, respectively	3,749	3,400
Additional paid in capital	451,336,338	452,135,653
Accumulated deficit	(453,511,214)	(447,537,493)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(9,318)	(16,024)
Total stockholders’ equity (deficit)	(2,180,440)	4,585,541
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit)	$ 14,563,399	$ 18,676,702

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CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical) - USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Allowance for doubtful accounts	$ 26,000	$ 26,000
Patents, amortization	$ 159,010	$ 154,218
Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.0001
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	25,000,000
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)	500,000,000	500,000,000
Common stock, shares issued (in shares)	37,491,954	34,000,812
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	37,491,954	34,000,812
Series A Preferred Stock
Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	750,000	750,000
Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)	48,100	48,100
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	48,100	48,100
Preferred stock, liquidation preference	$ 862,326	$ 850,301

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CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022
Total Revenues	$ 124,225	$ 566,210
Costs and Expenses
Costs of revenue	461,795	532,890
Research, development and manufacturing operations	1,665,694	1,406,322
Selling, general and administrative	1,591,821	821,266
Share-based compensation	1,404,450
Depreciation and amortization	25,781	16,665
Total Costs and Expenses	5,149,541	2,777,143
Loss from Operations	(5,025,316)	(2,210,933)
Other Income/(Expense)
Other income/(expense), net	10,000
Interest expense	(1,068,036)	(2,086,314)
Total Other Income/(Expense)	(1,058,036)	(2,086,314)
Income/(Loss) on Equity Method Investments		(2)
Net Income/(Loss)	$ (6,083,352)	$ (4,297,249)
Net Income/(Loss) Per Share (Basic)	$ (0.17)	$ (0.20)
Net Income/(Loss) Per Share (Diluted)	$ (0.17)	$ (0.20)
Weighted Average Common Shares Outstanding (Basic)	35,569,990	21,671,248
Weighted Average Common Shares Outstanding (Diluted)	35,569,990	21,671,248
Other Comprehensive Income/(Loss)
Foreign currency translation gain/(loss)	$ 6,706	$ (7,097)
Net Comprehensive Income/(Loss)	(6,076,646)	(4,304,346)
Products
Total Revenues	99,225	54,210
Milestone and engineering
Total Revenues	$ 25,000	$ 512,000

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CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIT) - USD ($)	Total	Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment [Member]	Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjusted Balance [Member]	BD 1 Notes (related party)	Nanyang Convertible Notes	L1 Convertible Note	Fleur Note	Sabby Note	Preferred Stock Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjusted Balance [Member]	Preferred Stock Series A Preferred Stock	Preferred Stock Series 1A Preferred Stock	Preferred Stock Series 1A Preferred Stock TubeSolar	Preferred Stock Crowdex Convertible Notes Series 1A Preferred Stock	Common Stock	Common Stock Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjusted Balance [Member]	Common Stock TubeSolar	Common Stock BD 1 Notes (related party)	Common Stock Crowdex Convertible Notes	Common Stock Nanyang Convertible Notes	Common Stock L1 Convertible Note	Common Stock Fleur Note	Common Stock Sabby Note	Additional Paid-In Capital	Additional Paid-In Capital Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment [Member]	Additional Paid-In Capital Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjusted Balance [Member]	Additional Paid-In Capital TubeSolar	Additional Paid-In Capital BD 1 Notes (related party)	Additional Paid-In Capital Crowdex Convertible Notes	Additional Paid-In Capital Nanyang Convertible Notes	Additional Paid-In Capital L1 Convertible Note	Additional Paid-In Capital Fleur Note	Additional Paid-In Capital Sabby Note	Accumulated Deficit	Accumulated Deficit Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment [Member]	Accumulated Deficit Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjusted Balance [Member]	Other Accumulated Comprehensive Loss	Other Accumulated Comprehensive Loss Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjusted Balance [Member]
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2021	$ (2,833,606)									$ 5				$ 479									$ 424,948,698										$ (427,782,788)
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2021										48,100	3,700			4,786,804
Conversion of shares				$ 7,900,000	$ 600,000		$ 700,000									$ 480	$ 1,580	$ 260	$ 120		$ 140					$ (480)	$ 7,898,420	$ (260)	$ 599,880		$ 699,860
Conversion of shares (in shares)												(2,400)	(1,300)			4,800,000	15,800,000	2,600,000	1,200,000		1,400,000
Net Loss	(4,297,249)																																(4,297,249)
Foreign Currency Translation Loss	(7,097)																																			$ (7,097)
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2022	2,062,048									$ 5				$ 3,059									434,146,118										(432,080,037)			(7,097)
Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2022										48,100				30,586,804
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2022	$ 4,585,541	$ (3,686,243)	$ 899,298						$ 5					$ 3,400	$ 3,400								452,135,653	$ (3,795,874)	$ 448,339,779								(447,537,493)	$ 109,631	$ (447,427,862)	(16,024)	$ (16,024)
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022									48,100					34,000,812	34,000,812
Accounting Standards Update [Extensible Enumeration]	Accounting Standards Update 2020-06 [Member]
Conversion of shares						$ 508,740		$ 1,083,718												$ 144		$ 205								$ 508,596		$ 1,083,513
Conversion of shares (in shares)																				1,440,090		2,051,052
Share-based compensation	$ 1,404,450																						1,404,450
Net Loss	(6,083,352)																																(6,083,352)
Foreign Currency Translation Loss	6,706																																			6,706
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2023	$ (2,180,440)									$ 5				$ 3,749									$ 451,336,338										$ (453,511,214)			$ (9,318)
Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2023										48,100				37,491,954

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CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022
Operating Activities:
Net income/(loss)	$ (6,083,352)	$ (4,297,249)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	25,781	16,665
Share-based compensation	1,404,450
Operating lease asset amortization	182,556	168,671
Accretion of debt discount	901,649	2,069,206
Loss on equity method investment		2
Inventory reserve expense	97,465
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	(93,106)	(512,004)
Inventories	4,755	(45,448)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	(1,182,239)	(411,802)
Accounts payable	(14,016)	(41,565)
Related party payable	(61,827)
Operating lease liabilities	(178,622)	(157,479)
Accrued interest	166,386	15,107
Accrued expenses	(107,507)	403,816
Net cash used in operating activities	(4,937,627)	(2,792,080)
Investing Activities:
Contributions to equity method investment		(83,559)
Payments on purchase of assets	(48,650)	(57,451)
Patent activity costs	(5,884)	(308)
Net cash used in investing activities	(54,534)	(141,318)
Financing Activities:
Payment of convertible notes	(147,170)
Net cash used in financing activities	(147,170)
Net change in cash and cash equivalents	(5,139,331)	(2,933,398)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	11,483,018	5,961,760
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	6,343,687	3,028,362
Non-Cash Transactions:
Non-cash conversions of convertible notes to equity	$ 1,592,458	9,200,000
Series 1A preferred stock conversion		$ 740

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ORGANIZATION

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Organization Consolidation And Presentation Of Financial Statements [Abstract]

ORGANIZATION

NOTE 1. ORGANIZATION

Ascent Solar Technologies, Inc. (the “Company") is focusing on integrating its PV products into scalable and high value markets such as agrivoltaics, aerospace, satellites, near earth orbiting vehicles, and fixed wing unmanned aerial vehicles (“UAV”). The value proposition of Ascent’s proprietary solar technology not only aligns with the needs of customers in these industries, but also overcomes many of the obstacles other solar technologies face in these unique markets. Ascent has the capability to design and develop finished products for end users in these areas as well as collaborate with strategic partners to design and develop custom integrated solutions for products like fixed-wing UAVs. Ascent sees significant overlap of the needs of end users across these industries and can achieve economies of scale in sourcing, development, and production in commericializing products for these customers.

Effective March 13, 2023, the Company began focusing its Thornton manufacturing facility as a Perovskite Center of Excellence and has dedicated the facility to the industrial commercialization of the Company's patent-pending Perovskite solar technologies. On April 18, 2023, the Company completed a transaction to acquire the manufacturing assets of Flisom AG, a Zurich based thin-film solar manufacturer. The Company will continue to be headquartered in Thornton, CO and will commence manufacturing using its new manufacturing assets in Zurich, Switzerland.

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BASIS OF PRESENTATION

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

BASIS OF PRESENTATION

NOTE 2. BASIS OF PRESENTATION

The accompanying, unaudited, condensed financial statements have been derived from the accounting records of the Company as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, and the results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022.

The accompanying, unaudited, condensed financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("U.S. GAAP") for interim financial information and in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 8 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, these interim financial statements do not include all of the information and footnotes typically found in U.S. GAAP audited annual financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary for a fair statement have been included. The Condensed Balance Sheet at December 31, 2022 has been derived from the audited financial statements as of that date but does not include all of the information and footnotes included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022. These condensed financial statements and notes should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2023 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2023.

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SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

NOTE 3. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The Company’s significant accounting policies were described in Note 3 to the audited financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022. Except for the adoption of FASB ASU No. 2020-06, Debt – Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40): Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity (“ASU 2020-06”) as disclosed below, there have been no significant changes to our accounting policies as of March 31, 2023.

Revenue Recognition:

Product revenue. The Company recognizes revenue for the sale of PV modules and other equipment sales at a point in time following the transfer of control of such products to the customer, which typically occurs upon shipment or delivery depending on the terms of the underlying contracts. For module and other equipment sales contracts that contain multiple performance obligations, the Company allocates the transaction price to each performance obligation identified in the contract

based on relative standalone selling prices, or estimates of such prices, and recognizes the related revenue as control of each individual product is transferred to the customer.

During the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company recognized product revenue of $99,225 and $54,210, respectively.

Milestone and engineering revenue. Each milestone and engineering arrangement is a separate performance obligation. The transaction price is estimated using the most likely amount method and revenue is recognized as the performance obligation is satisfied through achieving manufacturing, cost, or engineering targets. During the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company recognized total milestone and engineering revenue of $25,000 and $512,000, respectively. The $512,000 was earned from TubeSolar AG (“TubeSolar”), a related party.

Government contracts revenue. Revenue from government research and development contracts is generated under terms that are cost plus fee or firm fixed price. The Company generally recognizes this revenue over time using cost-based input methods, which recognizes revenue and gross profit as work is performed based on the relationship between actual costs incurred compared to the total estimated costs of the contract. In applying cost-based input methods of revenue recognition, the Company uses the actual costs incurred relative to the total estimated costs to determine our progress towards contract completion and to calculate the corresponding amount of revenue to recognize.

Cost based input methods of revenue recognition are considered a faithful depiction of the Company’s efforts to satisfy long-term government research and development contracts and therefore reflect the performance obligations under such contracts. Costs incurred that do not contribute to satisfying the Company’s performance obligations are excluded from the input methods of revenue recognition as the amounts are not reflective of transferring control under the contract. Costs incurred towards contract completion may include direct costs plus allowable indirect costs and an allocable portion of the fixed fee. If actual and estimated costs to complete a contract indicate a loss, provision is made currently for the loss anticipated on the contract.

No government contract revenue was recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022.

Accounts Receivable. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had an accounts receivable, net balance of $94,875 and $1,769, respectively. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had an allowance for doubtful accounts of $26,000 and $26,000, respectively.

Deferred revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2023 was as follows:

Balance as of January 1, 2023	$	13,000
Additions		29,350
Recognized as revenue		(29,350	)
Balance as of March 31, 2023	$	13,000

Earnings per Share: Earnings per share (“EPS”) are the amount of earnings attributable to each share of common stock. Basic EPS has been computed by dividing income available to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Income available to common stockholders has been computed by deducting dividends accumulated for the period on cumulative preferred stock (whether or not earned) from net income. Diluted earnings per share has been computed by dividing net income adjusted on an if-converted basis for the period by the weighted average number of common shares and potentially dilutive common share outstanding (which consist of warrants, options, restricted stock units and convertible securities using the if-converted method to the extent they are dilutive). Approximately 18.4 million and 2.4 million shares of dilutive shares were excluded from the three months period ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, EPS calculation as their impact is antidilutive.

Recently Adopted or to be Adopted Accounting Policies

On January 1, 2023, the Company adopted ASU 2020-06. The adoption resulted in the elimination of the beneficial conversion feature recognized on the Company’s convertible debt. The Company elected to apply the modified retrospective method to all open contracts as of January 1, 2023, and the cumulative effect of initially applying ASU 2020-06 was recognized as an adjustment to the Company’s retained earnings balance as of January 1, 2023. Comparative periods have not been restated and continue to be reported under the accounting standard in effect for those periods.

The cumulative effect of the changes made to the Company’s January 1, 2023, balance sheet for the adoption of ASU 2020-06 is as follows:

	Balance at December 31, 2022			Adjustments Due to Adoption			Balance at January 1, 2023
Liabilities
Non-current convertible notes, net	$	5,268,399		$	3,686,243		$	8,954,642
Shareholders' equity
Additional paid in capital		452,135,653			(3,795,874	)		448,339,779
Accumulated deficit		(447,537,493	)		109,631			(447,427,862	)

The impact due to the change in accounting principle on net income and earnings per share is as follows:

	Post ASU 2020-06			Pre ASU 2020-06			Difference
Net Loss	$	(6,083,352	)	$	(8,283,316	)	$	2,199,964
Earnings Per Share (Basic and Diluted)		(0.17	)		(0.23	)		0.06

Other new pronouncements issued but not effective as of March 31, 2023 are not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s condensed financial statements.

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LIQUIDITY, CONTINUED OPERATIONS, AND GOING CONCERN

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Liquidity And Continued Operations [Abstract]

LIQUIDITY, CONTINUED OPERATIONS, AND GOING CONCERN

NOTE 4. LIQUIDITY, CONTINUED OPERATIONS, AND GOING CONCERN

During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company entered into multiple financing agreements to fund operations. Further discussion of these transactions can be found in Notes 12 and 15 in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

The Company redeployed its Thornton manufacturing facility to focus on industrial commercialization of the Company's patent-pending Perovskite solar technologies. Additionally, the Company purchased manufacturing assets in Zurich, Switzerland where the Company plans to begin production. The Company does not expect that sales revenue and cash flows will be sufficient to support operations and cash requirements until it has fully implemented this strategy. During the three months ended March 31, 2023 the Company used $4,937,627 in cash for operations.

Additional projected product revenues are not anticipated to result in a positive cash flow position for the next twelve months overall and, while as of March 31, 2023, the Company has a working capital of $1,481,943, Management does not believe cash liquidity is sufficient for the next twelve months and will require additional financing.

The Company continues to look for ways to expand its production of PV films at industrial scale, and to secure long-term contracts for the sale of such output. The Company continues activities related to securing additional financing through strategic or financial investors, but there is no assurance the Company will be able to raise additional capital on acceptable terms or at all. If the Company's revenues do not increase rapidly, and/or additional financing is not obtained, the Company will be required to significantly curtail operations to reduce costs and/or sell assets. Such actions would likely have an adverse impact on the Company's future operations.

As a result of the Company’s recurring losses from operations and the need for additional financing to fund its operating and capital requirements, there is uncertainty regarding the Company’s ability to maintain liquidity sufficient to operate its business effectively, which raises doubt as to the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.

Management cannot provide any assurances that the Company will be successful in accomplishing any of its plans. These condensed financial statements do not include any adjustments that might be necessary should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern.

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RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Related Party Transactions [Abstract]

RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

NOTE 5. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

On September 15, 2021, the Company entered into a Long-Term Supply and Joint Development Agreement (“JDA”) with TubeSolar. Under the terms of the JDA, the Company will produce, and TubeSolar will purchase, thin-film photovoltaic (“PV”) foils (“PV Foils”) for use in TubeSolar’s solar modules for agricultural photovoltaic (“APV”) applications that require solar foils for its production. Additionally, the Company will receive (i) up to $4 million of non-recurring engineering (“NRE”) fees, (ii) up to $13.5 million of payments upon achievement of certain agreed upon production and cost structure milestones and (iii) product revenues from sales of PV Foils to TubeSolar. The JDA has no fixed term, and may only be terminated by either party for breach. No revenue was recognized under the JDA during the three months ended March 31, 2023. $512,000 of NRE revenue were recognized under the JDA during the three months ended March 31, 2022.

The Company and TubeSolar have also jointly established Ascent Solar Technologies Germany GmbH (“Ascent Germany”), in which TubeSolar holds of 30% of the entity. Ascent Germany was established to operate a PV manufacturing facility in Germany that will produce and deliver PV Foils exclusively to TubeSolar. The parties expect to jointly develop next generation tooling for use in manufacturing PV Foils at the JV facility. The Company accounts for this investment as an equity method investment as it does not have control of this entity, but does have significant influence over the activities that most significantly impact the entity’s operations and financial performance. The Company contributed $0 and $83,559 to Ascent Germany during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The Company currently cannot quantify its maximum exposure in this entity.

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PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Property Plant And Equipment [Abstract]

PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

NOTE 6. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

The following table summarizes property, plant and equipment as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022:

	As of March 31,			As of December 31,
	2023			2022
Furniture, fixtures, computer hardware and    computer software	$	482,235		$	482,235
Manufacturing machinery and equipment		21,765,284			21,739,504
Leasehold improvements		103,951			87,957
Manufacturing machinery and equipment,    in progress		287,349			280,473
Depreciable property, plant and equipment		22,638,819			22,590,169
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization		(22,059,497	)		(22,038,508	)
Net property, plant and equipment	$	579,322		$	551,661

Depreciation expense for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 was $20,989 and $11,873, respectively. Depreciation expense is recorded under “Depreciation and amortization expense” in the unaudited Condensed Statements of Operations.

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OPERATING LEASE

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Leases [Abstract]

OPERATING LEASE

NOTE 7. OPERATING LEASE

The Company’s operating leases are comprised of approximately 100,000 rentable square feet for its manufacturing and operations and a Company car. These leases are classified and accounted for as operating leases. The building lease term is for 88 months commencing on September 21, 2020 at a rent of $50,000 per month including taxes, insurance and common area maintenance until December 31, 2020. Beginning January 1, 2021, the rent adjusted to $80,000 per month on a triple net basis and shall increase at an annual rate of 3% per annum until December 31, 2027.

As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, assets and liabilities related to the Company’s leases were as follows:

	As of March 31,		As of December 31,
	2023		2022
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net	$	4,141,958	$	4,324,514
Current portion of operating lease liability		754,168		733,572
Non-current portion of operating lease liability		3,628,660		3,827,878

During the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company recorded operating lease expense included in selling, general and administrative expenses of $261,343 and $258,392, respectively.

Future maturities of the operating lease liability are as follows:

Remainder of 2023	$	772,225
2024		1,060,187
2025		1,090,196
2026		1,112,903
2027		1,146,290
Total lease payments		5,181,801
Less amounts representing interest		(798,973	)
Present value of lease liability	$	4,382,828

The remaining weighted average lease term and discount rate of the operating leases is 56.88 months and 7.0%, respectively.

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INVENTORIES

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]

INVENTORIES

NOTE 8. INVENTORIES

Inventories, net of reserves, consisted of the following at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022:

	As of March 31,		As of December 31,
	2023		2022
Raw materials	$	474,102	$	577,799
Work in process		38,961		37,351
Finished goods		-		133
Total	$	513,063	$	615,283

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OTHER PAYABLE

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

OTHER PAYABLE

NOTE 9. OTHER PAYABLE

On June 30, 2017, the Company entered into an agreement with a vendor (“Vendor”) to convert the balance of their account into a note payable in the amount of $250,000. The note bears interest of 5% per annum and matured on February 28, 2018. As of March 31, 2023, the Company had not made any payments on this note, the accrued interest was $68,836, and the note is due upon demand. This note is recorded as Other payable in the Condensed Balance Sheets.

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CONVERTIBLE NOTES

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

CONVERTIBLE NOTES

NOTE 10. CONVERTIBLE NOTES

The following table provides a summary of the activity of the Company's secured, convertible, promissory notes:

	Principal Balance 12/31/2022		Notes converted			Principal Balance 3/31/2023		Less: Discount Balance			Net Principal Balance 3/31/2023
Sabby Volatility Warrant Master Fund, LTD	$	7,392,899	$	(1,786,212	)	$	5,606,687	$	(1,860,185	)	$	3,746,502
L1 Capital Global Opportunities Master Fund, Ltd		7,500,000		(960,000	)		6,540,000		(2,169,839	)		4,370,161
	$	14,892,899	$	(2,746,212	)	$	12,146,687	$	(4,030,024	)	$	8,116,663

Sabby / L1 Convertible Notes

On December 19, 2022, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Contract (the “Securities Purchase Contract”) with two institutional investors (each, an “Investor” and collectively, the “Investors”) for the issuance to the Investors of $12,500,000 in aggregate principal amount of Senior Secured Original Issue 10% Discount Convertible Advance Notes

pursuant to a direct registered offering (the “Registered Advance Notes”) and $2,500,000 in aggregate principal amount of Senior Secured Original Issue 10% Discount Convertible Advance Notes in a concurrent private placement (the “Private Placement Advance Notes” and, together with the Registered Advance Notes, the “Advance Notes”).

On March 29, 2023, the Company and each of the Investors entered into a Waiver and Amendment Agreement (the “Amendment”) relating to the Securities Purchase Contract and the Advance Notes to waive any event of default arising under Section 2.1 of the Advance Notes relating to the Company’s receipt of notice from the Listing Qualifications Department of Nasdaq indicating that the Company is not in compliance with the $1.00 Minimum Bid Price Requirement set forth in Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(a)(2) for continued listing on The Nasdaq Capital Market (the “Specified Default”).

Pursuant to the Amendment, the Company and each of the Investors agreed to waive the Specified Default and further agreed to the amend the Advance Notes to provide that (i) the new “Floor Price” for all purposes of the Advance Notes is $0.20 per share of the Company’s common stock, (ii) until the Company regains compliance with the $1.00 Minimum Bid Price Requirement, “Conversion Price” under the Advance Notes will mean the “Alternative Conversion Price” (as defined in the Advance Notes) and (iii) the Company will make certain prepayments of the Advance Notes held by the Investors on the following dates and in the following aggregate cash amounts, at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Advance Notes to be repaid plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon (if any). The Company's failure to comply with the terms of the Amendment would constitute an Event of Default under the Advance Notes.

On April 12, 2023, the Company and each of the Investors entered in a further amendment to the Amendment (the “Revised Amendment”), to provide for a consistent prepayment schedule for the Advance Notes held by each of the Investors. After giving effect to the Revised Amendment, the Advance Notes will be prepaid by the Company in cash on the following dates and in the following aggregate amounts, at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Advance Notes to be prepaid plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon (if any). The Company’s failure to comply with the terms of the Revised Amendment would constitute an “Event of Default” under the Advance Notes.

Prepayment Date	Aggregate
April 3, 2023	$	333,333
April 13, 2023		333,333
May 18, 2023		666,667
June 19, 2023		666,667
	$	2,000,000

The Advance Notes are convertible to Common Stock. The fixed conversion price of the Advance Notes is subject to certain adjustments in accordance with the terms thereof, including certain anti-dilution adjustments in the event that the Company issues shares of Common Stock, securities convertible into, exercisable for or exchangeable for the Company’s Common Stock, rights or options to acquire Common Stock or convertible securities or any combination thereof, including as units with other securities or property in an integrated transaction, at a purchase or conversion, exercise or exchange price of less than the fixed conversion price then in effect with respect to the Advance Notes.

The Securities Purchase Contract also included certain warrants to purchase up to 2,513,406 shares of common stock (the "Warrants"). The Warrants were issued with an exercise price equal to $3.93 per share, subject to certain adjustments in certain events, including the future issuance by the Company of securities with a purchase or conversion, exercise or exchange price that is less than the exercise price of the Warrants then in effect at any time.

On April 14, 2023 the Company entered a securities purchase agreement (“SPA”) with Lucro Investments VCC-ESG Opportunities Fund (“Lucro”) for an approximate $9 million private placement (the “Private Placement”) of an aggregate of 7,499,997 shares of the Company’s Common Stock. The per share purchase price for the Shares is $1.20 per share. The terms of the SPA with Lucro triggered certain adjustments to the Advance Notes and the Warrants in accordance with the existing terms of the outstanding Advance Notes and the outstanding Warrants. Following these adjustments:

1.The fixed conversion price of the approximately $10.1 million principal amount currently outstanding Advance Notes has been lowered to $0.3661 per share of Common Stock;

2.The exercise price of the outstanding Warrants has been lowered to $0.3661 per share of Common Stock; and

3.The number of shares that the Warrants are exercisable for has been increased from 2,513,406 to 26,980,840 shares of Common Stock.

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, Sabby converted $1.79 million of principal for 2,051,053 shares of common stock. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, L1 converted $0.96 million of principal for 1,440,090 shares of common stock. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company had interest expense of $1,052,928 of which, $901,649 was due to accretion of discount on the note. Interest payable was $173,400 as of March 31, 2023.

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SERIES A PREFERRED STOCK

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Equity [Abstract]

Series A Preferred Stock

NOTE 11. SERIES A PREFERRED STOCK

As of January 1, 2023, there were 48,100 shares of Series A Preferred Stock outstanding. Holders of Series A Preferred Stock are entitled to cumulative dividends at a rate of 8% per annum when and if declared by the Board of Directors at its sole discretion. The dividends may be paid in cash or in the form of common stock (valued at 10% below market price, but not to exceed the lowest closing price during the applicable measurement period), at the discretion of the Board of Directors. The dividend rate on the Series A Preferred Stock is indexed to the Company's stock price and subject to adjustment.

The Series A Preferred Stock may be converted into shares of common stock at the option of the Company if the closing price of the common stock exceeds $1,160,000, adjusted for reverse stock splits, for twenty consecutive trading days, or by the holder at any time. The Company has the right to redeem the Series A Preferred Stock at a price of $8.00 per share, plus any accrued and unpaid dividends, plus the make-whole amount (if applicable). At March 31, 2023, the preferred shares were not eligible for conversion to common shares at the option of the Company. The holder of the preferred shares may convert to common shares at any time. After making adjustment for the Company’s prior reverse stock splits, all 48,100 outstanding Series A preferred shares are convertible into less than one common share. Upon any conversion (whether at the option of the Company or the holder), the holder is entitled to receive any accrued but unpaid dividends.

Except as otherwise required by law (or with respect to approval of certain actions), the Series A Preferred Stock shall have no voting rights. Upon any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company, after payment or provision for payment of debts and other liabilities of the Company, the holders of Series A Preferred Stock shall be entitled to receive, pari passu with any distribution to the holders of common stock of the Company, an amount equal to $8.00 per share of Series A Preferred Stock plus any accrued and unpaid dividends.

As of March 31, 2023, there were 48,100 shares of Series A Preferred Stock outstanding and accrued and unpaid dividends of $477,526.

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STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIT)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Equity [Abstract]

STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIT)

NOTE 12. STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)

Common Stock

At March 31, 2023, the Company had 500 million shares of common stock, $0.0001 par value, authorized for issuance. Each share of common stock has the right to one vote. As of March 31, 2023, the Company had 37,491,954 shares of common stock outstanding. The Company has not declared or paid any dividends related to the common stock during the three month ended March 31, 2023 and 2022.

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, $2.75 million of convertible debt was converted into 3,491,143 shares of common stock.

Preferred Stock

At March 31, 2023, the Company had 25 million shares of preferred stock, $0.0001 par value, authorized for issuance. Preferred stock may be issued in classes or series. Designations, powers, preferences, rights, qualifications, limitations and restrictions are determined by the Company’s Board of Directors.

The following table summarizes the designations, shares authorized, and shares outstanding for the Company’s Preferred Stock:

Preferred Stock Series Designation	Shares Authorized		Shares Outstanding
Series A		750,000		48,100
Series 1A		5,000		—
Series B-1		2,000		—
Series B-2		1,000		—
Series C		1,000		—
Series D		3,000		—
Series D-1		2,500		—
Series E		2,800		—
Series F		7,000		—
Series G		2,000		—
Series H		2,500		—
Series I		1,000		—
Series J		1,350		—
Series J-1		1,000		—
Series K		20,000		—

Warrants

As of March 31, 2023, there are 3,929,311 outstanding warrants with exercise prices between $3.93 and $5.30 per share.

Series A Preferred Stock

Refer to Note 11 for information on Series A Preferred Stock.

Series 1A, B-1, B-2, C, D, D-1, E, F, G, H, I, J, J-1, and K Preferred Stock

There were no transactions involving the Series 1A, B-1, B-2, C, D, D-1, E, F, G, H, I, J, J-1, or K during the three months ended March 31, 2023.

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SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Disclosure Of Compensation Related Costs Sharebased Payments [Abstract]

SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION

NOTE 13. SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION

The Company granted restricted stock units to the Company's Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer and recognized share-based compensation expense related to restricted stock grants of $1,404,450 for the three months ended March 31, 2023. On April 26, 2023, the Company terminated its employment contract with the Company's Chief Executive Officer resulting in the forfeiture of 2,356,394 restricted stock units. The remaining non-vested shares of 513,333 units are expected to vest in the future. Total unrecognized share-based compensation expense from the remaining unvested restricted stock as of March 31, 2023 was approximately $1,529,733 and is expected to be recognized over 33 months. The following table summarizes non-vested restricted stock and the related activity as of March 31, 2023:

	Shares			Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Non-vested at January 1, 2023		3,152,033			4.95
Vested		(282,306	)		5.04
Non-vested at March 31, 2023		2,869,727			4.94

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COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Commitments And Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

NOTE 14. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

On April 26, 2023, the board of directors of the Company terminated Jeffrey Max as the Company’s President and Chief Executive Officer. Mr. Max claims that his termination was not for cause as defined in his employment agreement which could enable him to certain benefits, including severance and vesting of restricted stock units. Management believes Mr. Max was terminated for cause and any such claims, if asserted, would be without substantial merit. Although the outcome of any legal proceedings is uncertain, the Company will vigorously defend any future claims made by Mr. Max.

The Company is subject to various legal proceedings, both asserted and unasserted, that arise in the ordinary course of business. The Company cannot predict the ultimate outcome of such legal proceedings or in certain instances provide reasonable ranges of potential losses. However, as of the date of this report, the Company believes that none of these claims will have a material adverse effect on its financial position or results of operations. In the event of unexpected subsequent developments and given the inherent unpredictability of these legal proceedings, there can be no assurance that the Company’s assessment of any claim will reflect the ultimate outcome, and an adverse outcome in certain matters could, from time to time, have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position or results of operations in particular quarterly or annual periods.

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SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Subsequent Events [Abstract]

SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

NOTE 15. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

On April 14, 2023, the Company entered the Private Placement with Lucro Investments VCC-ESG Opportunities Fundfor an approximate $9 million private placement of an aggregate of 7,499,997 shares of the Company’s common stock, $0.0001 par value per share. The per share purchase price is $1.20 per share. The Private Placement will close in nine tranches of approximately $1 million. The first tranche is scheduled to close by May 8, 2023. The ninth and final tranche is scheduled to close in late December 2023. The Company has not received the first tranche funding pursuant to this agreement. Management continues to assess the status and viability of this agreement.

On April 17, 2023, the Company entered into an Asset Purchase Agreement (the “Asset Purchase Agreement”) with Flisom AG, a leading developer and manufacturer of photovoltaic thin film solar cells (“Seller”), pursuant to which, among other things, the Company purchased certain assets relating to thin-film photovoltaic manufacture and production from Seller (collectively, the “Assets”), including (i) certain manufacturing equipment located at Seller’s Niederhasli, Switzerland facility (the “Manufacturing Facility”) and (ii) related inventory and raw materials at the Manufacturing Facility (collectively, the “Transaction”). In connection with the Transaction, the Company also received a license to certain intellectual property rights used in the operation of the Assets and will also acquire, by operation of Swiss law, the employment contracts of certain employees of Seller in Switzerland who are functionally predominantly working with the Assets, subject to such employees being offered the right to remain employed by Seller after the closing of the Transaction (the “Closing”). The total consideration paid by the Company to Seller in connection with the Transaction was an aggregate amount in cash equal to $2,800,000.

At the Closing, the Company and Seller also entered into (i) a Transition Services Agreement requiring that Seller provide transition support for the Company’s operation of the Assets, with fees to be due and payable by the Company for performance of such support services, (ii) a Sublease Agreement related to the Company’s use of the premises at the Manufacturing Facility where the Assets are located (the “Sublease Agreement”), and (iii) a Technology License Agreement, pursuant to which Seller granted the Company a revocable, non-exclusive license to certain intellectual property rights of the Seller used in the operation of the Assets (the “Licensed IP”), subject to certain encumbrances on the Licensed IP in favor of Seller’s lender.

On April 20, 2023, the Company entered into a letter agreement (the “Letter Agreement”) with FL1 Holding GmbH, a German company (“FL1”) that is affiliated with BD 1 Investment Holding, LLC (“BD1”), an affiliate of the Company, BD1 and BD Vermögensverwaltung GmbH (“BD”), the parent entity of FL1 (collectively, the “Affiliates”), in connection with the prospective acquisition by FL1 of substantially all shares in Seller following the Closing, subject to the satisfaction of certain terms and conditions. Pursuant to the Letter Agreement, among other things, FL1 and one or more of the Affiliates agreed, on behalf of itself and its affiliates (i) to certain noncompetition and nonsolicitation obligations with respect to the Company and the Assets, including certain prospective customers of the products produced using the Assets, for a period of five (5) years from the Closing, subject to certain exceptions, (ii) to cause Seller to use certain of its intellectual property rights for limited internal purposes until such time as a joint collaboration agreement is entered into after the Closing among Seller, the Company and certain other affiliates of FL1 related to the licensing and use of such intellectual property, and otherwise not to dispose of or fail to maintain such intellectual property, (iii) to reimburse the Company for certain pre-Closing liabilities of Seller to the

extent incurred by the Company following the closing of the Transaction; and (iv) to indemnify the Company for breaches of certain representations, warranties and covenants relating to the Assets.

Pursuant to the Letter Agreement, each of BD and BD1 have also agreed that (1) it and its affiliates will not offer to acquire or acquire, by merger, tender offer or otherwise, all or substantially all of the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company not beneficially owned by BD and its affiliates, without the approval of a committee comprised of disinterested and independent members of the Company’s Board of Directors and the affirmative vote of a majority of the voting power of outstanding shares of the Company not beneficially owned by BD and its affiliates; (2) BD and its affiliates will not transfer any shares of the Company’s capital stock beneficially owned by them unless the transferee agrees in writing to be bound by the foregoing restriction; and (3) each of them will stand behind the obligations of FL1 pursuant to the Letter Agreement.

The Letter Agreement also grants the Company the option, but not the obligation, (i) to purchase certain intellectual property rights of Seller relating to thin-film photovoltaic manufacture and production for $2,000,000 following the release of certain liens on such intellectual property rights in favor of Seller’s lender, and (ii) for a period of 12 months following the Closing, to resell the Assets to FL1 for an aggregate amount equal to $5,000,000, with such transaction to close within 90 days following the exercise of the Company’s resale right.

On April 19, 2023, the Company entered a securities purchase agreement (“SPA”) with BD1 for a $5 million private placement (the “BD1 Private Placement”) of subordinated promissory notes (the “Notes”). The BD1 Private Placement will close in four tranches with the first tranche (for $2 million) scheduled to close by May 15, 2023. The fourth and final tranche is scheduled to close in mid-August 2023. The maturity date of all the Notes is September 30, 2026. The Notes will bear interest at 6% per annum and are (i) unsecured, (ii) not convertible, and (iii) are subordinated to the Company’s senior indebtedness. The Company has not received funding pursuant to this agreement.

Subsequent to March 31, 2023, Sabby and L1 converted approximately $3.1M principal into 12,153,013 shares of Common Stock.

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SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Policies)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Revenue Recognition

Revenue Recognition:

Product revenue. The Company recognizes revenue for the sale of PV modules and other equipment sales at a point in time following the transfer of control of such products to the customer, which typically occurs upon shipment or delivery depending on the terms of the underlying contracts. For module and other equipment sales contracts that contain multiple performance obligations, the Company allocates the transaction price to each performance obligation identified in the contract

based on relative standalone selling prices, or estimates of such prices, and recognizes the related revenue as control of each individual product is transferred to the customer.

During the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company recognized product revenue of $99,225 and $54,210, respectively.

Milestone and engineering revenue. Each milestone and engineering arrangement is a separate performance obligation. The transaction price is estimated using the most likely amount method and revenue is recognized as the performance obligation is satisfied through achieving manufacturing, cost, or engineering targets. During the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company recognized total milestone and engineering revenue of $25,000 and $512,000, respectively. The $512,000 was earned from TubeSolar AG (“TubeSolar”), a related party.

Government contracts revenue. Revenue from government research and development contracts is generated under terms that are cost plus fee or firm fixed price. The Company generally recognizes this revenue over time using cost-based input methods, which recognizes revenue and gross profit as work is performed based on the relationship between actual costs incurred compared to the total estimated costs of the contract. In applying cost-based input methods of revenue recognition, the Company uses the actual costs incurred relative to the total estimated costs to determine our progress towards contract completion and to calculate the corresponding amount of revenue to recognize.

Cost based input methods of revenue recognition are considered a faithful depiction of the Company’s efforts to satisfy long-term government research and development contracts and therefore reflect the performance obligations under such contracts. Costs incurred that do not contribute to satisfying the Company’s performance obligations are excluded from the input methods of revenue recognition as the amounts are not reflective of transferring control under the contract. Costs incurred towards contract completion may include direct costs plus allowable indirect costs and an allocable portion of the fixed fee. If actual and estimated costs to complete a contract indicate a loss, provision is made currently for the loss anticipated on the contract.

No government contract revenue was recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022.

Accounts Receivable. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had an accounts receivable, net balance of $94,875 and $1,769, respectively. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had an allowance for doubtful accounts of $26,000 and $26,000, respectively.

Deferred revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2023 was as follows:

Balance as of January 1, 2023	$	13,000
Additions		29,350
Recognized as revenue		(29,350	)
Balance as of March 31, 2023	$	13,000

Earnings Per Share

Earnings per Share: Earnings per share (“EPS”) are the amount of earnings attributable to each share of common stock. Basic EPS has been computed by dividing income available to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Income available to common stockholders has been computed by deducting dividends accumulated for the period on cumulative preferred stock (whether or not earned) from net income. Diluted earnings per share has been computed by dividing net income adjusted on an if-converted basis for the period by the weighted average number of common shares and potentially dilutive common share outstanding (which consist of warrants, options, restricted stock units and convertible securities using the if-converted method to the extent they are dilutive). Approximately 18.4 million and 2.4 million shares of dilutive shares were excluded from the three months period ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, EPS calculation as their impact is antidilutive.

Recently Adopted or to be Adopted Accounting Policies

Recently Adopted or to be Adopted Accounting Policies

On January 1, 2023, the Company adopted ASU 2020-06. The adoption resulted in the elimination of the beneficial conversion feature recognized on the Company’s convertible debt. The Company elected to apply the modified retrospective method to all open contracts as of January 1, 2023, and the cumulative effect of initially applying ASU 2020-06 was recognized as an adjustment to the Company’s retained earnings balance as of January 1, 2023. Comparative periods have not been restated and continue to be reported under the accounting standard in effect for those periods.

The cumulative effect of the changes made to the Company’s January 1, 2023, balance sheet for the adoption of ASU 2020-06 is as follows:

	Balance at December 31, 2022			Adjustments Due to Adoption			Balance at January 1, 2023
Liabilities
Non-current convertible notes, net	$	5,268,399		$	3,686,243		$	8,954,642
Shareholders' equity
Additional paid in capital		452,135,653			(3,795,874	)		448,339,779
Accumulated deficit		(447,537,493	)		109,631			(447,427,862	)

The impact due to the change in accounting principle on net income and earnings per share is as follows:

	Post ASU 2020-06			Pre ASU 2020-06			Difference
Net Loss	$	(6,083,352	)	$	(8,283,316	)	$	2,199,964
Earnings Per Share (Basic and Diluted)		(0.17	)		(0.23	)		0.06

Other new pronouncements issued but not effective as of March 31, 2023 are not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s condensed financial statements.

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SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Deferred Revenue

Deferred revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2023 was as follows:

Balance as of January 1, 2023	$	13,000
Additions		29,350
Recognized as revenue		(29,350	)
Balance as of March 31, 2023	$	13,000

Cumulative Effect of Changes in Fianancial Statement

The cumulative effect of the changes made to the Company’s January 1, 2023, balance sheet for the adoption of ASU 2020-06 is as follows:

	Balance at December 31, 2022			Adjustments Due to Adoption			Balance at January 1, 2023
Liabilities
Non-current convertible notes, net	$	5,268,399		$	3,686,243		$	8,954,642
Shareholders' equity
Additional paid in capital		452,135,653			(3,795,874	)		448,339,779
Accumulated deficit		(447,537,493	)		109,631			(447,427,862	)

The impact due to the change in accounting principle on net income and earnings per share is as follows:

	Post ASU 2020-06			Pre ASU 2020-06			Difference
Net Loss	$	(6,083,352	)	$	(8,283,316	)	$	2,199,964
Earnings Per Share (Basic and Diluted)		(0.17	)		(0.23	)		0.06

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PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Property Plant And Equipment [Abstract]

Property, Plant and Equipment

The following table summarizes property, plant and equipment as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022:

	As of March 31,			As of December 31,
	2023			2022
Furniture, fixtures, computer hardware and    computer software	$	482,235		$	482,235
Manufacturing machinery and equipment		21,765,284			21,739,504
Leasehold improvements		103,951			87,957
Manufacturing machinery and equipment,    in progress		287,349			280,473
Depreciable property, plant and equipment		22,638,819			22,590,169
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization		(22,059,497	)		(22,038,508	)
Net property, plant and equipment	$	579,322		$	551,661

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OPERATING LEASE (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Leases [Abstract]

Schedule of Assets and Liabilities Related to Company's Leases

As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, assets and liabilities related to the Company’s leases were as follows:

	As of March 31,		As of December 31,
	2023		2022
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net	$	4,141,958	$	4,324,514
Current portion of operating lease liability		754,168		733,572
Non-current portion of operating lease liability		3,628,660		3,827,878

Schedule Future Maturities of Operating Lease Liability

Future maturities of the operating lease liability are as follows:

Remainder of 2023	$	772,225
2024		1,060,187
2025		1,090,196
2026		1,112,903
2027		1,146,290
Total lease payments		5,181,801
Less amounts representing interest		(798,973	)
Present value of lease liability	$	4,382,828

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INVENTORIES (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Inventory, Net of Reserves

Inventories, net of reserves, consisted of the following at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022:

	As of March 31,		As of December 31,
	2023		2022
Raw materials	$	474,102	$	577,799
Work in process		38,961		37,351
Finished goods		-		133
Total	$	513,063	$	615,283

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CONVERTIBLE NOTES (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Convertible Debt

The following table provides a summary of the activity of the Company's secured, convertible, promissory notes:

	Principal Balance 12/31/2022		Notes converted			Principal Balance 3/31/2023		Less: Discount Balance			Net Principal Balance 3/31/2023
Sabby Volatility Warrant Master Fund, LTD	$	7,392,899	$	(1,786,212	)	$	5,606,687	$	(1,860,185	)	$	3,746,502
L1 Capital Global Opportunities Master Fund, Ltd		7,500,000		(960,000	)		6,540,000		(2,169,839	)		4,370,161
	$	14,892,899	$	(2,746,212	)	$	12,146,687	$	(4,030,024	)	$	8,116,663

Summary of Convertible Notes Prepayment

Prepayment Date	Aggregate
April 3, 2023	$	333,333
April 13, 2023		333,333
May 18, 2023		666,667
June 19, 2023		666,667
	$	2,000,000

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STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIT) (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Equity [Abstract]

Schedule of Stock by Class

The following table summarizes the designations, shares authorized, and shares outstanding for the Company’s Preferred Stock:

Preferred Stock Series Designation	Shares Authorized		Shares Outstanding
Series A		750,000		48,100
Series 1A		5,000		—
Series B-1		2,000		—
Series B-2		1,000		—
Series C		1,000		—
Series D		3,000		—
Series D-1		2,500		—
Series E		2,800		—
Series F		7,000		—
Series G		2,000		—
Series H		2,500		—
Series I		1,000		—
Series J		1,350		—
Series J-1		1,000		—
Series K		20,000		—

XML

SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Disclosure Of Compensation Related Costs Sharebased Payments [Abstract]

Summary of Non-vested Restricted Stock and Related Activity

The following table summarizes non-vested restricted stock and the related activity as of March 31, 2023:

	Shares			Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Non-vested at January 1, 2023		3,152,033			4.95
Vested		(282,306	)		5.04
Non-vested at March 31, 2023		2,869,727			4.94

XML

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($) shares in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2022
Finite Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Revenues	$ 124,225	$ 566,210
Revenue recognized	(29,350)
Accounts receivable, net balance	94,875		$ 1,769
Allowance for doubtful accounts	$ 26,000		$ 26,000
Shares omitted from loss per share, anti-dilutive	18.4	2.4
Products
Finite Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Revenues	$ 99,225	$ 54,210
Milestone and Engineering Arrangement
Finite Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Revenues	512,000
Revenue recognized	25,000	512,000
Government Research and Development
Finite Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Revenues	$ 0	$ 0

XML

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES - Deferred Revenue (Details)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Balance	$ 13,000
Additions	29,350
Recognized as revenue	(29,350)
Balance	$ 13,000

XML

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES - Schedule of Cumulative Effect of Changes in Financial Statement (Details) - USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2023	Jan. 01, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Non-current convertible notes, net	$ 6,116,663		$ 5,268,399
Additional paid in capital	451,336,338		452,135,653
Accumulated deficit	$ (453,511,214)		(447,537,493)
ASU 2020-06
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Non-current convertible notes, net		$ 8,954,642
Additional paid in capital		448,339,779
Accumulated deficit		(447,427,862)
Restatement Adjustment | ASU 2020-06
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Non-current convertible notes, net		3,686,243
Additional paid in capital		(3,795,874)
Accumulated deficit		$ 109,631
Scenario Previously Reported
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Non-current convertible notes, net			5,268,399
Additional paid in capital			452,135,653
Accumulated deficit			$ (447,537,493)

XML

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES - Schedule of Impact Due to Change in Accounting Principle on Net Income and Earnings Per Share (Details) - USD ($)		3 Months Ended
	Jan. 01, 2023	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Net Loss		$ (6,083,352)	$ (4,297,249)
Earnings Per Share (Basic)		$ (0.17)	$ (0.20)
Earnings Per Share (Diluted)		$ (0.17)	$ (0.20)
ASU 2020-06
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Net Loss	$ (6,083,352)
Earnings Per Share (Basic)	$ (0.17)
Earnings Per Share (Diluted)	$ (0.17)
Pre ASU 2020-06 | ASU 2020-06
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Net Loss	$ (8,283,316)
Earnings Per Share (Basic)	$ (0.23)
Earnings Per Share (Diluted)	$ (0.23)
Difference | ASU 2020-06
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Net Loss	$ 2,199,964
Earnings Per Share (Basic)	$ 0.06
Earnings Per Share (Diluted)	$ 0.06

XML

LIQUIDITY, CONTINUED OPERATIONS, AND GOING CONCERN - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022
Liquidity And Continued Operations [Abstract]
Net cash used in operating activities	$ 4,937,627	$ 2,792,080
Working capital	$ 1,481,943

XML

RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2022	Sep. 15, 2021
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Revenue recognized	$ 13,000		$ 13,000
JV
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Contribution to joint venture	0	$ 83,559
TubeSolar | Long-Term Supply and Joint Development Agreement
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Product revenue recognized	$ 0
Engineering revenue recognized		$ 512,000
TubeSolar | Maximum | Long-Term Supply and Joint Development Agreement
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Potential earnings from non recurring engineering contract fees				$ 4,000,000
Potential milestone earnings from engineering contract costs				$ 13,500,000
TubeSolar AG | JV
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Minority stake percentage	30.00%

XML

PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT - Schedule of Property, Plant and Equipment (Details) - USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Property Plant And Equipment [Line Items]
Depreciable property, plant and equipment	$ 22,638,819	$ 22,590,169
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization	(22,059,497)	(22,038,508)
Property, Plant and Equipment, net	579,322	551,661
Furniture, fixtures, computer hardware and computer software
Property Plant And Equipment [Line Items]
Depreciable property, plant and equipment	482,235	482,235
Manufacturing machinery and equipment
Property Plant And Equipment [Line Items]
Depreciable property, plant and equipment	21,765,284	21,739,504
Leasehold improvements
Property Plant And Equipment [Line Items]
Depreciable property, plant and equipment	103,951	87,957
Manufacturing machinery and equipment, in progress
Property Plant And Equipment [Line Items]
Depreciable property, plant and equipment	$ 287,349	$ 280,473

XML

PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022
Property Plant And Equipment [Abstract]
Depreciation expense	$ 20,989	$ 11,873

XML

OPERATING LEASE - Additional Information (Details)			3 Months Ended
	Jan. 01, 2021 USD ($)	Sep. 21, 2020 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($) ft²	Mar. 31, 2022 USD ($)
Leases [Abstract]
Number of rentable square feet of building | ft²			100,000
Lease term		88 months
Lease commencement date		Sep. 21, 2020
Rent per month	$ 80,000	$ 50,000
Percentage of rent increase in annual rate			3.00%
Lease terms description			These leases are classified and accounted for as operating leases. The building lease term is for 88 months commencing on September 21, 2020 at a rent of $50,000 per month including taxes, insurance and common area maintenance until December 31, 2020. Beginning January 1, 2021, the rent adjusted to $80,000 per month on a triple net basis and shall increase at an annual rate of 3% per annum until December 31, 2027.
Operating lease costs			$ 261,343	$ 258,392
Remaining lease term			56 months 26 days
Lease discount rate			7.00%

XML

OPERATING LEASE - Schedule of Assets and Liabilities Related to Company's Lease (Details) - USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Leases [Abstract]
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net	$ 4,141,958	$ 4,324,514
Current portion of operating lease liability	754,168	733,572
Non-current operating lease liabilities	$ 3,628,660	$ 3,827,878

XML

OPERATING LEASE - Schedule Future Maturities of Operating Lease Liability (Details)	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Operating Lease Liabilities Payments Due [Abstract]
Remainder of 2023	$ 772,225
2024	1,060,187
2025	1,090,196
2026	1,112,903
2027	1,146,290
Total lease payments	5,181,801
Less amounts representing interest	(798,973)
Present value of lease liability	$ 4,382,828

XML

INVENTORIES - Schedule of Inventories (Details) - USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]
Raw materials	$ 474,102	$ 577,799
Work in process	38,961	37,351
Finished goods	0	133
Total	$ 513,063	$ 615,283

XML

OTHER PAYABLE - Additional Information (Details) - Unsecured Debt - Note Payable Conversion - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Jun. 30, 2017
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Notes payable		$ 250,000
Stated interest rate		5.00%
Interest accrued on convertible debt	$ 68,836

XML

CONVERTIBLE NOTES - Schedule of Convertible Notes (Details)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Debt Instrument, Principal [Roll Forward]
Principal Balance, beginning	$ 14,892,899
Notes converted	(2,746,212)
Principal Balance, ending	12,146,687
Less: Discount Balance	(4,030,024)
Net Principal Balance	8,116,663
Sabby Volatility Warrant Master Fund, LTD
Debt Instrument, Principal [Roll Forward]
Principal Balance, beginning	7,392,899
Notes converted	(1,786,212)
Principal Balance, ending	5,606,687
Less: Discount Balance	(1,860,185)
Net Principal Balance	3,746,502
L1 Capital Global Opportunities Master Fund, Ltd
Debt Instrument, Principal [Roll Forward]
Principal Balance, beginning	7,500,000
Notes converted	(960,000)
Principal Balance, ending	6,540,000
Less: Discount Balance	(2,169,839)
Net Principal Balance	$ 4,370,161

XML

CONVERTIBLE NOTES - Sabby / L1 Convertible Note - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($)					3 Months Ended
	Apr. 14, 2023	Apr. 12, 2023	Apr. 01, 2023	Mar. 29, 2023	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022	Apr. 13, 2023	Dec. 19, 2022
Short Term Debt [Line Items]
Accretion of debt discount					$ 901,649	$ 2,069,206
Securities Purchase Contract | Common Stock | Private Placement | Subsequent Event
Short Term Debt [Line Items]
Aggregate number of common stock shares for private placement	7,499,997
Senior Secured Original Issue 10% Discount Convertible Advance Notes
Short Term Debt [Line Items]
Interest expense upon conversion					1,052,928
Interest payable					173,400
Accretion of debt discount					901,649
Sabby Convertible Note
Short Term Debt [Line Items]
Aggregate principal amount of notes outstanding					$ 1,790,000
Debt conversion, converted instrument, shares issued					2,051,053
Sabby Convertible Note | Subsequent Event
Short Term Debt [Line Items]
Aggregate principal amount of notes outstanding			$ 3,100,000
Debt conversion, converted instrument, shares issued			12,153,013
Sabby Convertible Note | Securities Purchase Contract
Short Term Debt [Line Items]
Minimum bid price per share				$ 1.00
Floor price				$ 0.20
Sabby Convertible Note | Securities Purchase Contract | Common Stock
Short Term Debt [Line Items]
Warrants exercisable for number shares of common stock					2,513,406
Warrant exercise price per share					$ 3.93
Sabby Convertible Note | Senior Secured Original Issue 10% Discount Convertible Advance Notes | Securities Purchase Contract
Short Term Debt [Line Items]
Aggregate principal amount of notes outstanding								$ 12,500,000
Discount on convertible advance notes								10.00%
Principal amount prepayment percentage				100.00%
Sabby Convertible Note | Senior Secured Original Issue 10% Discount Convertible Advance Notes | Securities Purchase Contract | Subsequent Event
Short Term Debt [Line Items]
Principal amount prepayment percentage		100.00%
Sabby Convertible Note | Senior Secured Original Issue 10% Discount Convertible Advance Notes | Securities Purchase Contract | Private Placement
Short Term Debt [Line Items]
Aggregate principal amount of notes outstanding								$ 2,500,000
Discount on convertible advance notes								10.00%
Lucro Investments VCC-ESG Opportunities Fund
Short Term Debt [Line Items]
Aggregate principal amount of notes outstanding					$ 960,000
Debt conversion, converted instrument, shares issued					1,440,090
Lucro Investments VCC-ESG Opportunities Fund | Securities Purchase Contract | Private Placement | Subsequent Event
Short Term Debt [Line Items]
Agreement entered date	Apr. 14, 2023
Aggregate consideration	$ 9,000,000
Common stock price per share	$ 1.20
Lucro Investments VCC-ESG Opportunities Fund | Securities Purchase Contract | Common Stock | Private Placement | Subsequent Event
Short Term Debt [Line Items]
Warrants exercisable for number shares of common stock	26,980,840						2,513,406
Warrant exercise price per share	$ 0.3661
Aggregate number of common stock shares for private placement	7,499,997
Lucro Investments VCC-ESG Opportunities Fund | Senior Secured Original Issue 10% Discount Convertible Advance Notes | Securities Purchase Contract | Private Placement | Subsequent Event
Short Term Debt [Line Items]
Aggregate principal amount of notes outstanding	$ 10,100,000
Conversion price (in dollars per share)	$ 0.3661

XML

CONVERTIBLE NOTES - Sabby / L1 Convertible Note - Summary of Convertible Notes Prepayment (Details)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Aggregate	$ 2,000,000
April 3, 2023
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Aggregate	333,333
April 13, 2023
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Aggregate	333,333
May 18, 2023
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Aggregate	666,667
June 19, 2023
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Aggregate	$ 666,667

XML

CONVERTIBLE NOTES - BD 1 Convertible Note - Additional Information (Details)	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Short Term Debt [Line Items]
Convertible Notes Payable	$ 2,000,000

XML

SERIES A PREFERRED STOCK - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($)		3 Months Ended
	Jan. 01, 2023	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Series A Preferred Stock
Class Of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	48,100	48,100	48,100
Preferred stock, dividend rate	8.00%
Preferred stock, dividend, make-whole dividend rate to market value	10.00%
Preferred stock, conversion, required common share price (in dollars per share)		$ 1,160,000
Preferred stock, conversion, required common share price, term		20 days
Preferred stock redemption price per share		$ 8.00
Accrued and unpaid dividends		$ 477,526
Common Stock | Maximum
Class Of Stock [Line Items]
Convertible preferred stock, shares issued upon conversion (in shares)		1

XML

STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIT) - Additional Information (Details) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($) Vote $ / shares shares	Apr. 14, 2023 $ / shares	Dec. 31, 2022 $ / shares shares
Class Of Stock [Line Items]
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)	500,000,000		500,000,000
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	37,491,954		34,000,812
Common stock, number of votes per share | Vote	1
Conversion of stock amount | $	$ 2,750
Conversion of stock shares	3,491,143
Warrants outstanding	3,929,311
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	25,000,000
Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 0.0001
Minimum
Class Of Stock [Line Items]
Warrant exercise price per share | $ / shares	3.93
Maximum
Class Of Stock [Line Items]
Warrant exercise price per share | $ / shares	$ 5.30

XML

STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIT) - Schedule of Stock by Class (Details) - shares	Mar. 31, 2023	Jan. 01, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Class Of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	25,000,000
Series A Preferred Stock
Class Of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	750,000		750,000
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	48,100	48,100	48,100
Series 1A Preferred Stock
Class Of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	5,000
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	0
Series B-1 Preferred Stock
Class Of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	2,000
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	0
Series B-2 Preferred Stock
Class Of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	1,000
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	0
Series C Preferred Stock
Class Of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	1,000
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	0
Series D Preferred Stock
Class Of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	3,000
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	0
Series D-1 Preferred Stock
Class Of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	2,500
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	0
Series E Preferred Stock
Class Of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	2,800
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	0
Series F Preferred Stock
Class Of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	7,000
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	0
Series G Preferred Stock
Class Of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	2,000
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	0
Series H Preferred Stock
Class Of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	2,500
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	0
Series I Preferred Stock
Class Of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	1,000
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	0
Series J Preferred Stock
Class Of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	1,350
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	0
Series J-1 Preferred Stock
Class Of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	1,000
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	0
Series K Preferred Stock
Class Of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	20,000
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	0

XML

SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($)		3 Months Ended
	Apr. 26, 2023	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share-based compensation		$ 1,404,450
Number of unvested shares		2,869,727	3,152,033
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) | Subsequent Event
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of unvested shares	513,333
Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer | Restricted Stock Units (RSUs)
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share-based compensation		$ 1,404,450
Total unrecognized share-based compensation expense		$ 1,529,733
Unrecognized share-based compensation expense, period for recognition		33 months
Chief Executive Officer | Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) | Subsequent Event
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of forfeited shares	2,356,394

XML

SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION - Summary of Non-vested Restricted Stock and Related Activity (Details)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023 $ / shares shares
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Nonvested, Number of Shares [Roll Forward]
Beginning Balance, Non-vested Shares | shares	3,152,033
Shares vested | shares	(282,306)
Ending Balance, Non-vested Shares | shares	2,869,727
Non-vested, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value, Beginning Balance | $ / shares	$ 4.95
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value, Vested | $ / shares	5.04
Non-vested, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value, Ending Balance | $ / shares	$ 4.94

XML

SUBSEQUENT EVENTS - Additional Information (Details)						3 Months Ended
	Apr. 20, 2023 USD ($)	Apr. 19, 2023 USD ($) Tranche	Apr. 17, 2023 USD ($)	Apr. 14, 2023 USD ($) Tranche $ / shares shares	Apr. 01, 2023 USD ($) shares	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Mar. 31, 2022 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2022 $ / shares
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share) | $ / shares				$ 0.0001		$ 0.0001		$ 0.0001
Total consideration for asset purchase						$ 48,650	$ 57,451
Lucro Investments VCC-ESG Opportunities Fund
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Aggregate principal amount of notes outstanding						$ 960,000
Debt conversion, converted instrument, shares issued | shares						1,440,090
Lucro Investments VCC-ESG Opportunities Fund | Private Placement | Securities Purchase Contract
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Stock purchase agreement, description						The Private Placement will close in nine tranches of approximately $1 million. The first tranche is scheduled to close by May 8, 2023. The ninth and final tranche is scheduled to close in late December 2023.
Sabby / L1 Convertible Note
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Aggregate principal amount of notes outstanding						$ 1,790,000
Debt conversion, converted instrument, shares issued | shares						2,051,053
Subsequent Event | Private Placement | Securities Purchase Contract | Common Stock
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Aggregate number of common stock shares for private placement | shares				7,499,997
Subsequent Event | Lucro Investments VCC-ESG Opportunities Fund | Private Placement | Securities Purchase Contract
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Agreement entered date				Apr. 14, 2023
Aggregate consideration				$ 9,000,000
Common stock price per share | $ / shares				$ 1.20
Number of tranches | Tranche				9
Stock purchased under purchase agreement, value				$ 1,000,000
Subsequent Event | Lucro Investments VCC-ESG Opportunities Fund | Private Placement | Securities Purchase Contract | Common Stock
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Aggregate number of common stock shares for private placement | shares				7,499,997
Subsequent Event | Flisom AG | Asset Purchase Agreement
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Total consideration for asset purchase			$ 2,800,000
Subsequent Event | Flisom AG | Asset Purchase Agreement | Photovoltaic Thin Film Solar Cells
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Date of asset acquisition agreement			Apr. 17, 2023
Subsequent Event | FL1 Holding GmbH | Letter Agreement
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Agreement entered date	Apr. 20, 2023
Product restriction period under the agreement.	5 years
Option to purchase intellectual property rights	$ 2,000,000
Asset resale period	12 months
Asset resale amount	$ 5,000,000
Asset resale closing period after exercise	90 days
Subsequent Event | BD1 | Private Placement | Securities Purchase Contract
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Agreement entered date		Apr. 19, 2023
Aggregate consideration		$ 5,000,000
Number of tranches | Tranche		4
Debt instrument, maturity date		Sep. 30, 2026
Stated interest rate		6.00%
Subsequent Event | BD1 | Private Placement | First Tranche
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Aggregate consideration		$ 2,000,000
Subsequent Event | Sabby / L1 Convertible Note
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Aggregate principal amount of notes outstanding					$ 3,100,000
Debt conversion, converted instrument, shares issued | shares					12,153,013