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Related Party Transactions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2015
Related Party Transactions [Abstract]  
Related Party Transactions
Related Party Transactions
Agreements with ACF
The Company has the following agreements with ACF, a company controlled by Mr. Carl Icahn, the Company's principal beneficial stockholder through IELP:
Component purchases
The Company has from time to time purchased components from ACF under a long-term agreement, as well as on a purchase order basis. Under the manufacturing services agreement entered into in 1994 and amended in 2005, ACF agreed to manufacture and distribute, at the Company's instruction, various railcar components. In consideration for these services, the Company agreed to pay ACF based on agreed upon rates. The agreement automatically renews unless written notice is provided by the Company.
Also in April 2015, ARI entered into a parts purchasing and sale agreement with ACF. The agreement was unanimously approved by the independent directors of ARI’s audit committee. Under this agreement, ARI and ACF may, from time to time, purchase and sell to each other certain parts for railcars (Parts). ARI also provides a non-exclusive and non-assignable license of certain intellectual property to ACF related to the manufacture and sale of Parts to ARI. The buyer under the agreement must pay the market price of the parts as determined in the agreement or as stated on a public website for all ARI buyers. ARI may provide designs, engineering and purchasing support, including all materials and components to ACF. Subject to certain early termination events, the agreement terminates on December 31, 2020.
For the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, ARI purchased $18.1 million, $5.1 million, and $0.3 million, respectively, of components from ACF.
Purchasing and engineering services agreement
In January 2013, ARI entered into a purchasing and engineering services agreement and license with ACF. The agreement was unanimously approved by the independent directors of ARI's audit committee. Under this agreement, ARI provides purchasing support and engineering services to ACF in connection with ACF's manufacture and sale of tank railcars at its facility in Milton, Pennsylvania. Additionally, ARI has granted ACF a non-exclusive, non-assignable license to certain of ARI's intellectual property, including certain designs, specifications, processes and manufacturing know-how required to manufacture and sell tank railcars during the term of the agreement. In November 2015, ARI and ACF amended this agreement to, among other provisions, extend the termination date to December 31, 2016 from December 31, 2015, subject to certain early termination events.
In consideration of the services and license provided by ARI to ACF in conjunction with the agreement, ACF pays ARI a royalty and, if any, a share of the net profits (Profits) earned on each railcar manufactured and sold by ACF under the agreement, in an aggregate amount equal to 30% of such Profits, as calculated under the agreement. Profits are net of certain of ACF's start-up and shutdown expenses and certain maintenance capital expenditures. If no Profits are realized on a railcar manufactured and sold by ACF pursuant to the agreement, ARI will still be entitled to the royalty for such railcar and will not share in any losses incurred by ACF in connection therewith. In addition, any railcar components supplied by ARI to ACF for the manufacture of these railcars are provided at fair market value.
Under the agreement, ACF had the exclusive right to manufacture and sell subject tank railcars for any new orders scheduled for delivery to customers on or before January 31, 2014. ARI has the exclusive right to any sales opportunities for tank railcars for any new orders scheduled for delivery after that date and through termination of the agreement. ARI also has the right to assign any sales opportunity to ACF, and ACF has the right, but not the obligation, to accept such sales opportunity. Any sales opportunity accepted by ACF will not be reflected in ARI's orders or backlog.
For the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, revenues of $9.6 million, $19.0 million, and $12.3 million respectively, were recorded under this agreement for sales of railcar components to ACF and for royalties and profits on railcars sold by ACF and are included under manufacturing revenues from affiliates on the consolidated statements of operations.
Repair services and support agreement
In April 2015, ARI entered into a repair services and support agreement with ACF. The agreement was unanimously approved by the independent directors of ARI’s audit committee. Under this agreement, ARI provides certain sales and administrative and technical services, materials and purchasing support and engineering services to ACF to provide repair and retrofit services (Repair Services). Additionally, ARI provides a non-exclusive and non-assignable license of certain intellectual property related to the Repair Services for railcars. ARI receives 30% of the net profits (as defined in the agreement) for Repair Services related to all railcars not owned by ARL or its subsidiaries and 20% of the net profits for Repair Services related to all railcars owned by ARL or its subsidiaries, if any, but does not absorb any losses incurred by ACF.
Under the agreement, ARI has the exclusive right to sales opportunities related to Repair Services, except for any sales opportunity related to Repair Services presented to ACF by ARL with respect to ARL-owned railcars. ARI also has the right to assign any sales opportunities related to Repair Services to ACF, and ACF has the right, but not the obligation, to accept such sales opportunity. Subject to certain early termination events, the agreement terminates on December 31, 2020.
For the year ended December 31, 2015 revenues of less than $0.1 million were recorded under this agreement.
Agreements with IELP Entities
The Company has or had the following agreements with companies controlled by Mr. Carl Icahn, the Company's principal beneficial stockholder through IELP, including, but not limited to, ARL and/or ARL's wholly-owned subsidiary, AEP Leasing LLC (collectively, the IELP Entities):
Railcar services agreement
In April 2011, the Company entered into a railcar services agreement with ARL (the Railcar Services Agreement). Under the Railcar Services Agreement, ARI provides ARL railcar repair, engineering, administrative and other services, on an as needed basis, for ARL's lease fleet at mutually agreed upon prices. The Railcar Services Agreement had an initial term of three years and automatically renews for additional one year periods unless either party provides at least sixty days prior written notice of termination.
For the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, revenues of $24.9 million, $19.3 million, and $17.2 million were recorded under the Railcar Services Agreement, respectively. These revenues are included under railcar services revenues from affiliates on the consolidated statements of operations. The Railcar Services Agreement was unanimously approved by the independent directors of the Company's audit committee.
Railcar management agreements
From time to time, the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries have entered into railcar management agreements with ARL, pursuant to which the Company and its respective wholly-owned subsidiaries engaged ARL to manage, sell, operate, market, store, lease, re-lease, sublease and service ARI's railcars, subject to the terms and conditions of the agreement. These agreements provide that ARL will manage the leased railcars (as identified in the respective agreement) including arranging for services, such as repairs or maintenance, as deemed necessary. Subject to the terms and conditions of each agreement, ARL receives, in respect of leased railcars, a management fee based on the lease revenues. Each of these agreements were unanimously approved by the independent directors of the Company's audit committee.
On February 29, 2012, the Company entered into a railcar management agreement with ARL (the ARI railcar management agreement). The agreement, as amended was effective January 1, 2011, will continue through December 31, 2018 and thereafter it automatically renews for additional one-year periods unless written notice is received from either party at least six months prior to the expected renewal. In December 2012, LLI entered into a similar agreement with ARL (the LLI railcar management agreement). In January 2014, LLI and ARL amended the LLI railcar management agreement to, among other provisions, extend the termination date to January 15, 2020. On October 16, 2014, LLII entered into a railcar management agreement with ARL (the LLII railcar management agreement). Under the ARI and LLI railcar management agreements, in addition to the management fee, ARL receives a fee consisting of a lease origination fee, and, in respect of railcars sold by ARL, sales commissions.
In January 2015, in connection with the Company's refinancing of its lease fleet financings, the LLI and LLII railcar management agreements were terminated and LLIII entered into a similar railcar management agreement with ARL. This agreement extends through the Notes' final maturity date of January 17, 2045, unless terminated earlier pursuant to its terms (together with the railcar management agreements discussed above, collectively the Railcar Management Agreements).
For the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, total lease origination and management fees incurred under the Railcar Management Agreements were $7.0 million, $5.1 million and $2.3 million, respectively. These fees are included in cost of revenues for railcar leasing on the consolidated statements of operations. For the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, total sales commissions incurred were $1.0 million, $0.6 million and $0.4 million, respectively. These costs are included in selling, general and administrative costs on the consolidated statements of operations.

Railcar orders
The Company has from time to time manufactured and sold railcars to the IELP Entities under long-term agreements, as well as on a purchase order basis. Revenues from railcars sold to the IELP Entities were $259.9 million, $226.9 million and $238.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively, and are included in manufacturing revenues from affiliates on the consolidated statements of operations. Any related party sales of railcars under an agreement or purchase order have been and will be subject to the approval or review by the independent directors of the Company's audit committee.
Agreements with other related parties
The Company's Axis joint venture entered into a credit agreement in 2007. During 2009, the Company and the other significant partner acquired the loans from the lenders party thereto, with each party acquiring a 50.0% interest in the loans. The balance outstanding on these loans, due to ARI Component, was $23.6 million and $29.1 million as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. See Note 10 for further information regarding this transaction and the terms of the underlying loans.
Effective January 1, 2010, ARI entered into a services agreement to provide Axis various administrative services such as accounting, tax, human resources and purchasing assistance for an annual fee of $0.3 million, payable in equal monthly installments. This agreement had an initial term of one year and automatically renews for additional one-year periods unless written notice is received from either party.
In July 2007, ARI entered into an agreement with its joint venture, Axis, to purchase new railcar axles from the joint venture. The Company has no minimum volume purchase requirements under this agreement.
ARI is party to a scrap agreement with M. W. Recycling (MWR), a company controlled by Mr. Carl Icahn, the Company's principal beneficial stockholder through IELP. Under the agreement, ARI sells and MWR purchases scrap metal from several ARI plant locations. This agreement had an initial term through November 2015 then continues until terminated by either party, in accordance with the provisions of the agreement. For the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, MWR collected scrap material totaling $4.2 million, $8.7 million and $7.4 million, respectively. This agreement was approved by the independent directors of the Company's audit committee.
Insight Portfolio Group LLC (Insight Portfolio Group), is an entity formed and controlled by Mr. Carl Icahn in order to maximize the potential buying power of a group of entities with which Mr. Carl Icahn has a relationship in negotiating with a wide range of suppliers of goods, services and tangible and intangible property at negotiated rates. ARI, and a number of other entities with which Mr. Carl Icahn has a relationship, have minority ownership interests in, and pay fees as part of being a member of Insight Portfolio Group.
During each of the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, the Company incurred $0.2 million of fees as a member of Insight Portfolio Group. These charges are included in selling, general and administrative costs on the consolidated statements of operations.
In March 2014, the Company appointed Mr. Yevgeny Fundler as its senior vice president, general counsel, and secretary. In March 2014, Mr. Fundler also assumed the role of general counsel with ARL. In addition, since March 2010, he has consulted for Insight Portfolio Group as its general counsel. The independent directors of the Company's audit committee considered Mr. Fundler's provision of services to ARL and Insight Portfolio Group in connection with their review and approval of Mr. Fundler's employment by the Company. On February 19, 2016, ARI, ARL and Mr. Fundler agreed that, effective March 1, 2016, Mr. Fundler will cease to be an employee of ARL. In connection with this change, the Company entered into a consulting services agreement with ARL, pursuant to which ARI agreed to designate and cause one or more of its employees to be available to provide legal services to ARL. See Item 9B for further discussion of this agreement.
Financial information for transactions with related parties
Cost of revenues for manufacturing for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013 included $141.5 million, $127.7 million and $89.3 million, respectively, in railcar components purchased from joint ventures.
Inventory as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, included $7.9 million and $6.6 million, respectively, of railcar components purchased from joint ventures. As of December 31, 2015 and 2014, all profit for this inventory still on hand was eliminated.