10-K 1 d10k.htm FORM 10-K Form 10-K
Table of Contents

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

(Mark One)

x ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007.

OR

 

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from                                  to                                 .

Commission file number: 001-33029

DivX, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Delaware

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

 

33-0921758

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)

4780 Eastgate Mall, San Diego, California

(Address of principal executive offices)

 

92121

(Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (858) 882-0600

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

 

Title of each class

   Name of each exchange on which registered

CommonStock, $0.001 par value

   The  Nasdaq Stock Market

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    ¨  Yes    x  No

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Act.    ¨  Yes    x  No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    x  Yes    ¨  No

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.    ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 

Large accelerated filer    ¨   Accelerated filer    x
Non-accelerated filer    ¨
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
  Smaller reporting company    ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    ¨  Yes    x  No

The aggregate market value of the common stock of the registrant as of June 30, 2007 held by non-affiliates was $364,972,860, based upon the closing price of the common stock reported on the NASDAQ Global Market on such date.

The number of shares of common stock outstanding as of February 29, 2008, was 34,983,866.

 

 

Documents Incorporated by Reference:

 

Document

  

Part of Form 10-K

Proxy Statement for the 2008 Annual Meeting

of Stockholders

   Part III


Table of Contents

DivX, Inc.

FORM 10-K

INDEX

 

PART I.

  

ITEM 1.

   Business    1

ITEM 1A.

   Risk Factors    13

ITEM 1B.

   Unresolved Staff Comments    34

ITEM 2.

   Properties    35

ITEM 3.

   Legal Proceedings    35

ITEM 4.

   Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders    35

PART II.

  

ITEM 5.

   Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Shareholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities    36

ITEM 6.

   Selected Financial Data    38

ITEM 7.

   Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations    38

ITEM 7A.

   Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk    57

ITEM 8.

   Financial Statements and Supplementary Data    57

ITEM 9.

   Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure    57

ITEM 9A.

   Controls and Procedures    57

ITEM 9B.

   Other Information    60

PART III.

  

ITEM 10.

   Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant    61

ITEM 11.

   Executive Compensation    61

ITEM 12.

   Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters    61

ITEM 13.

   Certain Relationships and Related Transactions    61

ITEM 14.

   Principal Accountant Fees and Services    61

PART IV.

  

ITEM 15.

   Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules    62

Signatures

   64

Index to Consolidated Financial Statements

   F-1

Schedule II

   F-33


Table of Contents

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Annual Report on Form 10-K, or Annual Report, contains forward-looking statements that are based on our management’s beliefs and assumptions and on information currently available to our management. The forward-looking statements are contained principally in Item 1—“Business,” Item 1A—“Risk Factors,” Item 7—“Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” and Item 7A—Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.” Forward-looking statements include information concerning our possible or assumed future results of operations, business strategies, financing plans, competitive position, industry environment, potential growth opportunities and the effects of competition. Forward-looking statements include all statements that are not historical facts and can be identified by terms such as “anticipates,” “believes,” “could,” “seeks,” “estimates,” “expects,” “intends,” “may,” “plans,” “potential,” “predicts,” “projects,” “should,” “will,” “would” or similar expressions and the negatives of those statements.

Forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performances or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. We discuss certain of these risks in greater detail in Item 1A.—“Risk Factors.” Given these uncertainties, you should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. Also, forward-looking statements represent our management’s beliefs and assumptions only as of the date of this Annual Report. You should read this Annual Report and the documents that we reference herein and have filed as exhibits with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, completely and with the understanding that our actual future results may be materially different from what we expect.

Except as required by law, we assume no obligation to update these forward-looking statements publicly, or to update the reasons actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements, even if new information becomes available in the future.


Table of Contents

PART I

Item 1. Business

DivX overview

DivX was incorporated in Delaware in May 2000. Our principal offices are located at 4780 Eastgate Mall, San Diego, California 92121, and our telephone number is (858) 882-0600.

DivX is a company making media better through the use of technology. We believe that media is undergoing a profound transformation that will change how we get information, communicate and express ourselves. This transformation changes how we think and who we are. We believe that there are opportunities within this transformation—opportunities to generate tremendous value by meeting the needs of the new media and, more importantly, opportunities to influence its evolution and development. Our successes to date have been the result of creating value with and for a broad community of constituents including software vendors, consumer hardware device manufacturers, content creators and consumers themselves. Like the evolving markets in which we operate, DivX is open and dynamic.

We create products and services designed to improve the experience of media. Our long-term goal is to allow creators to have the ability to capture their content in the DivX format using any device or software of their choosing and to allow consumers of such content to playback and interact with it on any device or platform.

In 2000, the first step towards our goal was to build and release a high-quality video compression-decompression software library, or codec, to enable distribution of media across the Internet and through recordable media. As a result, we created the DivX codec, which has been actively sought out and downloaded by consumers over 250 million times, including over 80 million times during the last twelve months. These downloads include those for which we receive revenue as well as free downloads, such as limited-time trial versions, and downloads provided as upgrades or support to existing end users of our products. After the significant grass-roots adoption of our codec, the next step towards our goal was to license similar technology to consumer hardware device manufacturers and certify their products to ensure the interoperable support of DivX-encoded content. Through December 31, 2007, over 100 million DivX Certified hardware devices have been shipped worldwide. Our customers include major consumer video hardware original equipment manufacturers. We are entitled to receive a royalty and/or license fee for DivX Certified devices our customers ship. In addition to technology licensing to consumer hardware device manufacturers, we currently generate revenue from software licensing, advertising and content distribution.

Complementing our organic growth since 2000, in November 2007, we acquired MainConcept AG, a leading provider of H.264 and other high-quality video codecs and technologies for the broadcast, film, consumer electronics and computer software markets. Through integration, we expect to realize additional opportunities both in our core markets and in related emerging markets that will help advance our long-term goal.

Our next steps, which we have begun working toward, are to bring together the millions of DivX consumers with content creators both large and small to build communities around media, including through the development and licensing of media distribution platforms and services for Internet and consumer electronics devices. We are optimistic about the future and believe the opportunity for DivX is only beginning to be realized.

The DivX solution

DivX has developed a solution to address the opportunity created by the transformation of content. Specifically, we have built the technological platform and galvanized the community necessary to enable a digital media ecosystem of consumers, content creators, software vendors, hardware device manufacturers and advertisers, allowing all to benefit from the participation of each other.

 

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The following illustration depicts how DivX provides the foundation and connection for the participants in the digital media ecosystem, all of whom ultimately work to benefit the consumer:

LOGO

Specifically, our ecosystem offers the following benefits to these various participants in the content industry:

To content consumers, the DivX ecosystem provides a high-quality, interoperable digital media format supported by dozens of software products and over 2,000 models of consumer hardware devices. This allows users to access a diverse range of content from large and small content creators and to play back this content when, where and how they want. Moreover, the widespread availability of consumer hardware devices, software and services within the DivX ecosystem makes creating and sharing content easier and more fun for a growing community of DivX users.

To content creators, the DivX ecosystem provides the ability to cost-effectively and securely create and distribute high-quality content to a large market of consumers, and to deliver that content when, where and how consumers want it. The DivX platform gives content creators access to DivX Certified consumer hardware devices as well as millions of digital video savvy consumers who have demonstrated their willingness and ability to seek out high-quality content distributed via the Internet.

To digital media software vendors, the DivX ecosystem allows software vendors to provide easy-to-use products for the creation and playback of content that is interoperable with all other DivX Certified devices. By doing so, software vendors can differentiate their products by adding DivX media creation and playback functionality, and thus providing useful products to maintain and augment their position in the face of competition from generic operating system bundles.

To consumer hardware device manufacturers, the DivX ecosystem provides the ability to offer recording and playback devices that are interoperable with millions of other DivX Certified devices in a high-quality, secure digital media format that consumers want and use. Manufacturers can thus avoid the cost of supporting many different incompatible formats, allowing them to remain competitive in the face of

 

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significant price pressures. Use of DivX technologies and association with the DivX brand enables manufacturers to participate in new content business models from content services provided by others in the DivX ecosystem.

To advertisers, the DivX ecosystem provides access to a large and engaged group of DivX users.

Our strategy

Our strategy is to make media better by supporting the digital media ecosystem. Key elements of our strategy include:

Growing our core licensing business. We believe that our software and consumer hardware partners are integral to our success. In hardware, we will focus on increasing the penetration of DivX technologies into the current and next-generation DVD player market, while simultaneously building on the initial success of DivX technologies in new categories of consumer hardware devices such as digital video recorders, digital still cameras, high definition recording and playback devices, mobile phones, portable media players and other mobile devices. We also plan to advance our new DivX platform technologies into the consumer hardware device market that will, for example, allow consumers to encode and play back high definition video and access content on connected networks directly. In software, we plan to enhance the value of the DivX technologies to our existing software partners by adding new features to the DivX media format and to increase partnerships across the software market.

Provide platforms to communities of users centered around content. We believe it is a fundamental human desire to share experiences and be emotionally connected with others. This desire is especially strong around media experiences, which leads to the creation of communities of individuals with a shared interest in a specific piece or genre of content. We intend to develop a set of products and services that will give people a place to meet one another and build strong relationships around content. We believe these communities, centered around online video content, will give content creators the ability to build their content brands and generate revenue through transactions, subscriptions, advertising and other methods.

Develop services around content and advertising that are valued by DivX users and economically valuable to the larger DivX ecosystem. We plan to create services that offer access to content as well as useful and relevant advertising to DivX users in a way that improves the overall media experience. Too often, advertising detracts and distracts from the content it accompanies. We are optimistic that advertising can be done in a way that will enhance the media experience and be valuable to consumers. We have direct access to millions of users to whom content can be offered and advertising distributed. We intend to work with content creators and advertisers who share our goal of providing DivX users with services that enhance their experience and respect their privacy.

Expand the DivX ecosystem through partnerships with the community of diverse content creators. We believe the active engagement of content creators in the DivX ecosystem is essential to realizing the full potential of the digital media transformation. We plan to continue to develop relationships with premium, mid-tier and individual content creators. We intend to partner with creators based not only on the economic potential of their content, but also on the potential for DivX to enhance the value of their content through the power of our platform and community. We also plan to support our content partners in their plans to distribute their content in the DivX format through their own various digital distribution channels.

Strengthen the DivX brand. We intend to continue building upon the strength of the DivX brand. We plan to ensure that in the future the DivX brand continues to be associated only with those products and services that offer high-quality media experiences. We may also invest in activities beyond our products that are consistent with the DivX vision of better media.

Pursue selected complementary acquisitions, investments and strategic alliances. When the opportunity presents itself, we intend to pursue selected acquisitions, investments or alliances that complement and further our mission to make media better and improve the media experience for consumers. Our primary objectives in these

 

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transactions would be to acquire complementary technologies and platforms and expand the consumer and content portions of our ecosystem. Once we have accomplished such acquisitions, we will spend time and resources integrating them into our businesses.

Our strengths

We believe that the following key strengths uniquely position DivX to continue to enhance and enrich the digital media content experience:

Our demonstrated history of success, innovation and ecosystem creation. We have a history of technology leadership on which we will continue to build. The success of DivX has been driven by the grassroots adoption of our technologies by millions of consumers, due in large part to the strength of our technology. We also have a demonstrated ability to build technologies that support an ecosystem of diverse participants that gain value from their participation.

Our large installed base. DivX technologies and products have been adopted by millions of users who have sought it out and chosen to download it. This success encouraged consumer hardware device manufacturers to build support for DivX technologies into their products. Today over 200 consumer hardware device manufacturers and over 20 integrated circuit manufacturers, support DivX technologies in over 2,000 models of consumer hardware devices. Our original equipment manufacturer customers have shipped over 100 million units worldwide. We believe our large user and consumer hardware installed base places us in a strong position to benefit from the transformation of the content industry and growing digital content distribution. The DivX media platform installed base represents a large addressable market for content creators interested in commercial digital distribution of their content.

The DivX brand. The DivX logo appears on products that incorporate DivX technology and indicates to consumers that the product meets our strict standards of interoperability and delivers a high-quality DivX media experience. We believe that consumers recognize the value of the DivX logo, and that this increases the value of the DivX brand to all other participants in the DivX ecosystem.

Our neutral media technology platform for software, hardware and content. Our technology platform for the creation, distribution and consumption of media content is not tied exclusively to any specific consumer hardware device manufacturer, software vendor or content provider. We license our encoding and decoding technologies to a wide array of such companies. We believe our neutral platform allows us to bring a diverse set of powerful interests together in the DivX ecosystem.

Our ability to understand and partner with various constituents of the digital media industry. We have a demonstrated ability to work with industries that have very different prerogatives and goals. We are as comfortable working within the explosiveness of the Internet industry as we are within the planned and deliberate environment of the consumer hardware industry. We believe this ability will serve us well as we work to add even more diverse participants and industries into the DivX ecosystem.

How we derive revenue

We have four revenue streams. Three of these revenue streams emanate from our technologies, including technology licensing to producers of consumer hardware devices, licenses to independent software vendors and consumers, and services we provide related to digital media distribution over the Internet. Additionally, we derive revenues from advertising and distributing third-party products on our website.

Consumer hardware technology licensing. Our technology licensing revenues from consumer hardware device manufacturers comprise the majority of our total revenues and are derived primarily from royalties and/or license fees received from original equipment manufacturers, although related revenues are derived from other members of the consumer hardware device supply chain. We license our technologies to original equipment manufacturers, allowing them to build support of DivX technologies into their consumer hardware devices. A majority of our

 

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original equipment manufacturer licensees pay us a per unit fee for each DivX Certified device they sell. Our license agreements with original equipment manufacturers typically range from one to two years, and may include the payment of initial fees, volume-based royalties and minimum guaranteed volume levels. To ensure high-quality support of the DivX media format in finished consumer products, we also license our technologies to those companies who create the major components in those products. These include the integrated circuit manufacturers who supply the integrated circuits, and the original design manufacturers who create the reference designs, for DVD players, digital still cameras and the other consumer hardware devices distributed by our licensee original equipment manufacturers. One of our original equipment manufacturer customers, LG Electronics, Inc. accounted for approximately 10% of our total net revenue in the fiscal years 2006 and 2007.

To ensure that our licensees’ products conform to our quality standards, we employ a rigorous certification program. Integrated circuit manufacturers, original design manufacturers and original equipment manufacturers are required to have their devices tested and certified prior to distribution. Only DivX Certified devices are permitted to include our logo as evidence that they conform to our quality standards.

In the fiscal years 2005, 2006 and 2007, we derived 71%, 72% and 70%, respectively, of our total net revenues from licensing our technology to original equipment manufacturers, original design manufacturers and integrated circuit manufacturers.

Software licensing. We license our technologies to independent software vendors that incorporate our technologies into software applications for computers and other consumer hardware devices. An independent software vendor typically pays us an initial license fee, in addition to per-unit royalties based on the number of products sold that include our technology. We also license our technologies directly to consumers through several software bundles. We make certain software bundles available free of charge from our website. These bundles incorporate a version of our codec technology, and allow consumers to play and create content in the DivX format. We also make available from our website an enhanced version of the free software bundle, including additional features that increase the quality and control of DivX media playback and creation. This enhanced version is available free of charge for a limited trial period, which is generally 15 days. At the end of the trial period, our users are invited to purchase a license to one or more components of the enhanced bundle by making a one time payment to us. If they choose not to do so, they still enjoy playback and creation functionality equivalent to our free software bundle.

In the fiscal years 2005, 2006 and 2007, we derived 11%, 8% and 8%, respectively, of our total net revenues from licensing our technology to independent software vendors and licensing our software directly to consumers.

Advertising and third-party product distribution. We derive revenue from advertisements or third party software applications that we embed in or include with the software bundles we offer to consumers. For example, through most of 2007, we had agreed with Google to include and distribute the Mozilla Firefox Browser and certain Google software products with our software products. Google paid us fees based on the number of downloads or activations of the included software by consumers. This agreement expired on November 30, 2007. Revenues earned under the Google agreement accounted for approximately 15%, 18% and 17% of our total net revenues in the fiscal years 2005, 2006 and 2007, respectively.

Beginning in November 2007, we switched from distribution of the Google software, to instead include and distribute a co-branded Yahoo! toolbar and Internet Explorer browser with our software products. Yahoo! pays us fees based on the number of certain distributions or installations of the Yahoo! software by consumers. Yahoo! may terminate the agreement, or the revenue we derive for such periods will be reduced, if we fail to achieve certain minimum distribution volumes or certain minimum installations of the Yahoo! software for specific periods described in the agreement. This agreement expires on December 31, 2009, and Yahoo! is under no obligation to renew this agreement.

In the fiscal years 2005, 2006 and 2007, we derived 15%, 18% and 21%, respectively, of our total net revenues from the inclusion of advertisements and third party software applications in our software products.

 

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Digital media distribution. We derive revenue by acting as an application service provider for third party owners of digital video content. We provide encoding, content storage and distribution services to these third parties in exchange for a percentage of the revenue they receive from sales of digital content to consumers.

In the fiscal years 2005, 2006 and 2007, we derived 3%, 2% and 1%, respectively, of our total net revenues from providing content distribution services to third parties.

Since the acquisition of MainConcept in November 2007, we also have generated revenues associated with MainConcept’s licensing deals in areas complementary to our existing revenue streams, including through MainConcept’s focus on the professional sector. MainConcept is the worldwide leading provider of high-quality codec technology for the broadcast, film, consumer electronics, computer software, medical imaging and security markets. MainConcept solutions are optimized for various platforms including PCs, set-top boxes, portable media players and mobile phones. MainConcept supports a wide range of industry standards, including H.264.

Geographic information.

We are a global company with a broad, geographically diverse market presence. For the years 2007, 2006 and 2005, our revenues outside North America comprised 77%, 76% and 78%, respectively, of our total net revenues. In addition, a large number of our consumer hardware device manufacturers are located in Asia, which comprised 56%, 63% and 59% of our total net revenues for 2005, 2006 and 2007, respectively.

Technologies

Our digital media ecosystem utilizes a series of technologies designed for commercial and consumer users. These technologies enable users to compress, secure and distribute digital video and otherwise participate in our digital media ecosystem. The following is a description of the core technologies that form the basis for our digital media ecosystem.

DivX media format. Our DivX media format is our primary commercial technology, and comprises our DivX video compression technology, and the DivX file format with its advanced media features and digital rights management.

DivX video compression technology. Our DivX video compression technology reduces the size of high-quality video to a level that can be efficiently distributed over broadband networks. The technology utilizes a mixture of video compression tools, including some from the MPEG-4 standard, and is capable of producing high-quality video using only a fraction of the amount of data required by a standard-length DVD. As a result, DivX technology enables a user to store approximately two hours of high-quality video on a standard CD-R. DivX technology is designed to offer a balance of compression, complexity and speed. Our technology offers superior visual quality at a high level of compression. The computational efficiencies of our technology make it suitable for integration into low-cost consumer hardware devices and its speed makes it useful in both consumer and professional content creation and editing environments. DivX video technology can be used on video sources with sizes ranging from high definition quality video to video resolutions suitable for a mobile environment.

DivX file format. Our DivX file format is designed to hold multimedia data and metadata. It is based on the Resource Interchange File Format, which by design gives it some compatibility with other Resource Interchange File Format based file formats such as the Audio Video Interleave file format.

DivX advanced media features. DivX advanced media features enable DivX users to create enhanced digital media files, including features in the files themselves that are normally associated with the physical media or playback device used, such as DVD-like menus, user-selected multiple-language audio tracks, subtitles, and metadata that allow the content creator to add descriptive information such as title, author and video specifications.

 

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Digital rights management. We have developed a digital rights management technology that encrypts and manages the playback of protected DivX content on personal computers and consumer hardware devices. When implemented, it ensures that digital video is delivered in a secure manner and used in accordance with rules defined by its publisher. Our digital rights management technology is designed to require minimal system resources, allowing it to be implemented on low-cost consumer hardware devices.

Products and services

Our technologies are incorporated into several software product bundles that we offer directly to consumers, as well as software development kits that we license to hardware and software companies. We also offer certification services to software and hardware companies, and operate a digital media distribution system in which we act as an application service provider to third party content owners.

Consumer software

In addition to the third-party consumer software products that our technologies power, we offer several programs to consumers directly. These programs include the following:

DivX for Windows bundle. Our DivX for Windows bundle includes our DivX community codec, DivX Player and DivX Web Player. The bundle also includes free trial versions of the Windows versions of the DivX Converter and the DivX Pro video codec.

DivX Pro for Windows bundle. Like our DivX for Windows bundle, the DivX Pro for Windows bundle includes our DivX Player, and DivX Web Player. However, instead of our DivX community codec, this bundle includes our DivX Pro video codec and additionally includes the DivX Converter application.

DivX for Mac bundle. Our DivX for Mac bundle includes Mac OS versions of our DivX community codec, DivX Player and DivX Web Player. The bundle also includes free trial versions of the Mac OS versions of the DivX Converter and the DivX Pro video codec. The DivX for Mac software bundle does not yet support the advanced media features of the DivX format.

DivX Pro for Mac bundle. Our DivX Pro for Mac bundle includes all of the components of the DivX for Mac bundle as well as Mac OS versions of the DivX Converter application and the DivX Pro video codec.

DivX Mobile Player. Our DivX Mobile Player is available for certain mobile handsets, and allows users to playback DivX videos on their handsets from a variety of sources, including side-loading from memory cards or downloaded from the Internet, including DivX’s own mobile portal.

DivX Author. Our DivX Author application is available for the Windows OS and allows users to combine and edit multiple videos into a single DivX video, add the advanced features of the DivX format to enhance digital media files, and create slideshows with videos, photos and music.

Technology licensing for independent software vendors and consumer hardware device manufacturers

Software development kits. We typically make our technologies available to partners via software development kits. For hardware licensees, we have “decode” and “encode” software development kits that enable hardware partners to build DivX playback and recording support, respectively, into their products. For software licensees, we offer several software development kits that allow software vendors to build DivX playback and creation support into their products.

Certification Programs. Integrated circuit manufacturers, original design manufacturers, original equipment manufacturers and software vendors are required to have their products certified prior to being marketed as DivX

 

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Certified or DivX Ultra Certified products. For example, integrated circuit manufacturers typically receive a software development kit and certification kit from us, which they use to design a DivX Certified integrated circuit. Manufacturers may distribute those integrated circuits to DivX-licensed original equipment manufacturers and original design manufacturers for inclusion in DivX Certified devices only after those integrated circuits are certified. Similarly, original design manufacturers, original equipment manufacturers and software vendors must have their products certified prior to being marketed as DivX Certified products. We currently offer the following certification programs:

DivX Certified

The DivX Certified Program certifies hardware devices and software applications for the creation and playback of DivX video. DivX Certified hardware devices support playback of all versions of DivX video, while DivX Certified software applications support the conversion of digital video into the high-quality, highly-compressed DivX media format.

Profiles for DivX Certified Products

 

Hardware devices may be certified for DivX decode under the DivX Certified Home Theater, HD 720p, HD 1080p, Mobile, qMobile profiles, or may be certified for DivX encode. DivX Certified software applications support the conversion of digital video into the various available profiles.

DivX Ultra Certified

The DivX Ultra Certified Program is a premium certification level that certifies hardware devices and software applications for the creation and playback of high-quality DivX video with advanced features such as motion menus, subtitles, chapter points and alternate audio tracks. DivX Ultra Certified devices support playback of all versions of DivX video, including DivX video with advanced features. DivX Ultra Certified software applications support the conversion of digital video into the high-quality, highly-compressed DivX media format as well as the creation of video with advanced features.

Profiles for DivX Ultra Certified Products

Hardware devices may be certified under the DivX Ultra Certified Home Theater profile. DivX Ultra Certified software applications support the conversion of digital video for DivX Ultra Certified devices and software.

DivX Certified Recorder/Encoder

The DivX Certified Recorder/Encoder Program certifies hardware devices to record video directly in the DivX media format. DivX Certified Recorder/Encoder devices create DivX video that is compatible with all DivX Certified and DivX Ultra Certified products.

Open Video System

Our Open Video System is a complete hosted service that allows content creators to deliver high-quality DivX video content over the Internet. We use our Open Video System to provide content and service providers with encoding services, content storage and distribution services, and use of our DivX media format and digital rights management technology. Using the Open Video System, a content service provider can launch its own web store and sell content online.

DivX Mobile Media

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handheld internet-connected devices and provides access to manage accounts and favorites from a computer’s browser. The service is still in a beta testing stage and we are not certain what business opportunities we may choose to pursue with respect to this technology.

Stage6

We recently shut down Stage6, our online service that allowed users to publish and download video content.

Sales and marketing

Our sales and marketing team markets our technologies to a wide range of integrated circuit manufacturers, original design manufacturers, original equipment manufacturers and software developers on a worldwide basis. In addition, members of this team market our products to various consumer segments at industry tradeshows such as CES and CeBIT, and engage in partner and retailer training, product marketing, sales support and partner co-marketing programs. Members of our sales and marketing team also focus on content and distribution partnerships, co-marketing transactions, advertising partnerships, brand and product marketing, electronic software distribution, business operations and marketing programs. As of December 31, 2007, our sales and marketing team included 153 full-time employees based in 11 countries.

Product development

We incurred product development costs of approximately $10.3 million, $15.4 million and $18.7 million in fiscal years 2005, 2006 and 2007, respectively, representing 31%, 26% and 22%, respectively, of total net revenue. Our product development team is based out of our headquarters in San Diego, California and with the acquisition of MainConcept in November 2007 has team members in Germany and Russia. As of December 31, 2007, this team consisted of 184 full-time employees dedicated to product development and product management, 113 of which were engineers and 14 of which were product managers (the other 57 filling other related roles).

Our product development team focuses on building our technologies into products that meet the needs of our consumers. This team identifies, investigates and analyzes new long-term opportunities, shapes our technology strategy and provides support for internally developed and externally acquired technologies. Our product development team builds the platform technologies upon which our products are based and conducts our applied research in developing and improving technologies to compress, secure and distribute digital video.

Competition

We face significant competition in the digital media markets in which we operate. We believe that our most significant competitive threat comes from companies that have the collective financial, technical and other resources to develop the technologies, services, products, and partnerships necessary to create a digital media ecosystem that can compete with the DivX ecosystem. Those potential competitors currently include Adobe Systems, Apple Computer, Google, Microsoft, News Corporation, Sony and Yahoo!.

We also compete with companies that offer products or services that compete with specific aspects of our digital media ecosystem. For example, our digital rights management technology competes with technologies from companies such as Apple Computer, ContentGuard, Intertrust Technologies, Microsoft, Nagra Audio, NDS Group and 4C Entity, as well as the internal development efforts of certain of our licensees. Similarly, content distribution providers, such as Amazon.com, Apple Computer, CinemaNow, Google, Joost, MovieLink, MySpace.com, a subsidiary of News Corporation, Netflix, Yahoo!, YouTube, a subsidiary of Google, and subscription entertainment services and cable and satellite providers compete against our content distribution services. Moreover, other video compression technologies, including other implementations of MPEG-4 or implementations of H.264/AVC such as those from Adobe Systems, Apple Computer, Ateme, On2 Technologies,

 

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and Sorenson compete with our proprietary compression technologies. Our proprietary video format also competes with other video formats, including those offered by Apple Computer, Adobe Systems, Microsoft, On2 Technologies and RealNetworks.

We believe that the principal competitive factors that affect our digital media ecosystem include some or all of the following:

 

   

quality and reliability of products and services;

 

   

technology performance, flexibility and range of application;

 

   

timeliness and relevance of new product introductions;

 

   

the ability to address the needs of all the constituents in the ecosystem;

 

   

platform neutrality;

 

   

brand recognition and reputation;

 

   

relationships with film producers and distributors as well as semiconductor and consumer hardware device manufacturers;

 

   

differences in adoption across countries and regions; and

 

   

price.

We believe that we compete favorably on the factors described above. However, our industry is evolving rapidly and is becoming increasingly competitive. Larger, more established businesses are increasingly participating in the markets in which our products and technologies compete, and we cannot assure you that we will continue to compete favorably on these or any other factors.

Some of our current or future competitors may have significantly greater financial, technical, marketing and other resources than we do, may enjoy greater name recognition than we do, or may have more experience or advantages than we have in the markets in which they compete. For example, companies such as Apple Computer, Amazon.com, Google, Microsoft, Sony and Yahoo! may have competitive advantages over us because of their greater size and resources and the strength of their respective brand names. In addition, some of our current or potential competitors, such as Apple Computer, Dolby Laboratories, Microsoft and Sony, may be able to offer integrated system solutions in certain markets for entertainment technologies, including audio, video and rights management technologies related to personal computers or the Internet, which could make competing products and technologies that we develop unnecessary. By offering an integrated system solution, these potential competitors also may be able to offer competing products and technologies at lower prices than our products and technologies. Further, many of the consumer hardware and software products that include our technologies also include technologies developed by our competitors. As a result, we must continue to invest significant resources in product development to enhance our technologies and our existing products and introduce new high-quality technologies and products to meet the wide variety of such competitive pressures.

Significant Customers

A small number of customers account for a significant percentage of our revenues. In 2007, Google, Inc. and LG Electronics, Inc. accounted for 19% and 10%, respectively, of our total net revenues. In 2006, Google, Inc. and LG Electronics, Inc. accounted for 20% and 10%, respectively, of our total net revenues. In 2005, Google, Inc. and Philips accounted for 15% and 13%, respectively, of our total net revenues.

Intellectual property

To protect our proprietary rights, we rely on a combination of trademark, copyright, patent, trade secret and other intellectual property laws, employment, confidentiality and invention assignment agreements with our employees

 

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and contractors, and confidentiality agreements and protective contractual provisions with our partners, licensees and other third parties.

Trademarks. As of December 31, 2007, we had over 40 trademark registrations and over 60 pending trademark applications in the U.S. and more than 25 other countries for a variety of word marks, logos and slogans. Our trademarks are an integral part of our licensing program. Licensees are allowed to place our trademarks on their products to inform customers that their products incorporate our technology and meet our quality specifications only if such products have been DivX Certified. We also require that our licensees adhere to detailed branding guidelines to ensure that usage of our trademarks and logos are consistent and uphold our image. Our trademarks include, among others, DivX, DivX Certified, DivX Connected and Stage6.

Copyrights. We have a significant amount of copyright-protected materials, including among other things, software, codecs and textual material. As an additional layer of protection to the common law copyrights we own in our software and other materials, we have also obtained U.S. copyright registrations on more than 20 software products as of December 31, 2007.

Patents. As of December 31, 2007, we had two issued U.S. patents and one issued foreign patent. We also hold an exclusive license to one additional U.S. patent. We are in the process of applying for additional patent coverage for various aspects of our technology, including technologies for digital rights management, digital media formats, mobile content delivery, connected devices and video encoding and decoding. As a result, as of December 31, 2007, we had over 30 U.S. and international patent applications on file relating to various aspects of our technology.

Other proprietary rights. Many of our consumer hardware licensees and other partners have contractually recognized our proprietary rights in the file identifiers that identify video content files as encoded using our codec. For instance, a video file encoded using our codec may be identified with a “DIVX” code that can be read and recognized by a consumer hardware device or PC video player. Such consumer hardware licensees and partners have also contractually agreed to limit playback of such “DIVX”-identified files to devices that incorporate our technologies. These contractual agreements enable us to differentiate DivX devices and video files from non-DivX devices and video files.

In addition, we also seek to maintain certain intellectual property and proprietary know-how as trade secrets, and generally require our partners to execute non-disclosure agreements prior to any substantive discussions or disclosures of our technology.

MPEG LA technology licenses. We have entered into a license agreement with MPEG LA, effective January 2000, under its MPEG-4 Part 2 Visual Patent Portfolio. Under this license agreement, we have a royalty-bearing, worldwide, non-exclusive sublicense of certain patents licensed to MPEG LA relating to MPEG-4 technology. The current version of our video codec incorporates technologies implementing a portion of the MPEG-4 video standard. Our license agreement with MPEG LA will expire on December 31, 2008, unless the agreement is earlier terminated. We may terminate the license agreement for any reason by providing 30 days prior written notice to MPEG LA. Upon expiration, the license agreement may be renewed by MPEG-LA for successive five year periods upon notice of renewal to us. For the fiscal years 2005, 2006 and 2007, we paid $2.0 million, $2.5 million, and $2 million, respectively, to MPEG LA under this license agreement. We have also entered into a license agreement with MPEG LA, effective August 2002, under its MPEG-4 Part 10, or AVC, Patent Portfolio. Under this license agreement, we have a royalty-bearing, worldwide, non-exclusive sublicense of certain patents licensed to MPEG LA relating to H.264 technology. Our license agreement with MPEG LA with respect to this technology will expire on December 31, 2010, unless the agreement is earlier terminated. We may terminate the license agreement for any reason by providing 30 days prior written notice to MPEG LA. Upon expiration, the license agreement may be renewed by MPEG-LA for successive five year periods upon notice of renewal to us. We have not been required to pay, nor have we paid, license fees to MPEG LA under this license agreement to date.

 

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Government regulation

We are subject to a number of foreign and domestic laws and regulations that affect companies that import or export software and technology, including encryption technology, such as the U.S. export control regulations as administered by the U.S. Department of Commerce.

We are also subject to a number of foreign and domestic laws that affect companies conducting business on the Internet. In addition, because of the increasing popularity of the Internet and the growth of online services, laws relating to user privacy, freedom of expression, content, advertising, information security and intellectual property rights are being debated and considered for adoption by many countries throughout the world.

In the U.S., online service providers have been subject to claims of defamation, libel, invasion of privacy and other data protection claims, tort, unlawful activity, copyright or trademark infringement, or other theories based on the nature and content of the materials searched and the ads posted or the content generated by users. In addition, several other federal laws could have an impact on our business. For example, the Digital Millennium Copyright Act has provisions that limit, but do not eliminate, our liability for hosting or linking to third-party websites that include materials that infringe copyrights or other rights, so long as we comply with the statutory requirements of this act. The Child Online Protection Act and the Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act restrict the distribution of materials considered harmful to children and impose additional restrictions on the ability of online services to collect information from minors. In addition, the Protection of Children from Sexual Predators Act of 1998 requires online service providers to report evidence of violations of federal child pornography laws under certain circumstances.

In addition, the application of existing laws regulating or requiring licenses for certain businesses of our advertisers can be unclear. Existing or new legislation could expose us to substantial liability and restrict our ability to deliver services to our users. We also face risks from legislation that could be passed in the future.

We may be further subject to international laws associated with data protection in Europe and elsewhere and the interpretation and application of data protection laws is still uncertain and in flux. In addition, because our services are accessible worldwide, foreign jurisdictions may claim that we are required to comply with their laws.

Employees

As of December 31, 2007, we employed 389 full-time employees, including full-time equivalents. None of our employees is subject to any collective bargaining agreements. We consider our relationship with our employees to be good.

Executive Officers of the Registrant

Our executive officers serve at the discretion of the Board. The names of our executive officers and their ages, titles, and biographies as of December 31, 2007 are set forth below:

 

Name

   Age   

Position

Kevin Hell

   43    CEO, Director

Dan L. Halvorson

   42    EVP and CFO

David J. Richter

   39    EVP, Corporate Development and Legal

Chris Russell

   41    CTO

Kevin Hell has served as our CEO and a Director since October 2007. From July 2007 to October 2007, Mr. Hell served as our Acting CEO. Between 2002 and 2007, Mr. Hell held a number of management positions within the Company including Chief Marketing Officer and Managing Director, Chief Operating Officer, the Company’s CXO for Partners and Licensing, and President. Mr. Hell is currently responsible for our corporate strategy and

 

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overall strategic direction. From July 2001 to May 2002, Mr. Hell served as Senior Vice President of Product Management in the Solutions Group of Palm, a handheld solutions company. From May 1999 to May 2001, Mr. Hell was Vice President of the Connected Home division and Vice President of Corporate Strategy at Gateway Computer, a personal computer manufacturing company. From May 1991 to May 1999, Mr. Hell worked in the Los Angeles office of the Boston Consulting Group, a management consulting firm. Mr. Hell received an M.B.A. from The Wharton School, and a master’s degree in Aeronautics and Astronautics and a B.S. in Mechanical Engineering from Stanford University.

Dan L. Halvorson has served as our Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer since July 2007. From June 2007 to July 2007, Mr. Halvorson served as our Chief Financial Officer and Senior Vice President. Mr. Halvorson is responsible for investor relations, financial and administrative aspects of our strategic and tactical goals, and for supplying related support to our operations teams. Mr. Halvorson has served in many senior finance and accounting roles at a number of public companies. Mr. Halvorson held various roles from 2000 to 2007 at Novatel Wireless, and was named Chief Financial Officer and Chief Accounting Officer in early 2004. From 1998 to 2000, he was Director of Finance at Dura Pharmaceuticals, which was acquired by Elan in 2000. He was also Director of Finance at Alliance Pharmaceuticals from 1996 to 1998. Previous to his public company roles, Mr. Halvorson spent eight years in public accounting at Deloitte & Touche and PriceWaterhouseCoopers, serving both public and private client companies. Mr. Halvorson is a Certified Public Accountant and holds a Bachelor of Science from San Diego State University.

David J. Richter has served as our Executive Vice President, Corporate Development and Legal since July 2007. From June 2007 to July 2007, Mr. Richter served as our General Counsel and Senior Vice President Corporate Development. From April 2006 to June 2007, Mr. Richter served as our GC, Legal and Corporate Development. From May 2004 to April 2006, Mr. Richter served as our General Counsel and, in addition, from January 2005 through April 2006, as our Senior Vice President, Corporate Development. Mr. Richter is responsible for our legal and corporate development efforts. Previously, Mr. Richter worked at Maveron, a venture capital firm, as a Principal from January 2002 through March 2004 and as Director, Business Development from July 2000 through December 2001. Mr. Richter received a J.D. from Yale Law School and a B.A. in Government from Cornell University.

Chris Russell served as our CTO, Strategy and Technology from April 2006 until February 2008. From September 2005 to April 2006, Mr. Russell served as our Vice President and General Manager, Technology and Strategy. From January 2005 to September 2005, Mr. Russell served as our Vice President of Advanced Technology. From July 2002 to January 2005, Mr. Russell served as Vice President with the Motion Picture Association of America, or MPAA, an association advocating for the motion picture, home video, and television industries. From July 2001 to July 2002, Mr. Russell served as Chief Technology Officer for Information Technology Alliance, a managed security services company. From June 1996 to December 1998, Mr. Russell served as Director of Software Engineering, and from December 1998 to July 2001 as Vice President of Technology, with Sony Pictures Entertainment, an entertainment company. Mr. Russell received an M.B.A. from Pepperdine University and a B.S. in Computer Science from California State Polytechnic University, Pomona.

Available Information

Our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and all amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”) are available free of charge on our website (www.divx.com) as soon as reasonably practicable after they are filed with, or furnished to, the SEC.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Before you decide to invest or maintain an interest in our common stock, you should consider carefully the risks described below, together with the other information contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. We believe

 

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the risks described below are the risks that are material to us as of the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. If any of the following risks comes to fruition, our business, financial condition, results of operations and future growth prospects would likely be materially and adversely affected. In these circumstances, the market price of our common stock could decline and you may lose all or part of your investment.

Risks related to our business

Our business and prospects depend on the strength of our brand, and if we do not maintain and strengthen our brand, we may be unable to maintain or expand our business.

Maintaining and strengthening the “DivX” brand is critical to maintaining and expanding our business, as well as to our ability to enter into new markets for our technologies and products. If we fail to promote and maintain the DivX brand successfully, our ability to sustain and expand our business and enter into new markets will suffer. Maintaining and strengthening our brand will depend heavily on our ability to continue to develop and provide innovative and high-quality technologies and products for consumers, content owners, consumer hardware device manufacturers and software vendors. Moreover, because we engage in relatively little direct brand advertising, the promotion of our brand depends, among other things, upon hardware device manufacturing partners displaying our trademarks on their products. If these partners choose for any reason not to display our trademarks on their products, or if our partners use our trademarks incorrectly or in an unauthorized manner, the strength of our brand may be diluted or our ability to maintain or increase our brand awareness may be harmed. In addition, if we fail to maintain high-quality standards for products that incorporate our technologies through the quality-control certification process that we require of our licensees, or if we take other steps to commercialize our products and services that our customers or potential customers reject, the strength of our brand could be adversely affected. Further, unauthorized third parties may use our brand in ways that may dilute or undermine its strength.

If we are unable to penetrate existing markets or adapt or develop technologies and products for new markets, our business prospects could be limited.

We expect that our future success will depend, in part, upon our ability to successfully penetrate existing markets for digital media technologies, including:

 

   

DVD players;

 

   

DVD recorders;

 

   

network connected DVD players;

 

   

high definition DVD players;

 

   

portable media players;

 

   

digital still cameras;

 

   

digital camcorders;

 

   

mobile handsets;

 

   

digital media software applications;

 

   

smart TVs;

 

   

home media centers;

 

   

set-top boxes; and

 

   

video game consoles.

To date, we have penetrated only some of these markets, including the markets for DVD players, network connected DVD players, high definition DVD players, portable media players, digital still cameras, smart TVs,

 

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mobile handsets, digital media software applications, set-top boxes, and video game consoles. Our success depends upon our ability to further penetrate these markets, some of which we have only penetrated to a limited extent, and to successfully penetrate those markets in which we currently have no presence. Demand for our technologies in any of these developing markets may not grow or develop, and a sufficiently broad base of consumers and professionals may not adopt or continue to use our technologies. In addition, our ability to generate revenue from these markets may be limited to the extent that service providers in these markets choose to provide competitive technologies and entertainment at little or no cost. Because of our limited experience in certain of these markets, we may not be able to adequately adapt our business and our technologies to the needs of consumers and licensees in these markets.

We face significant competition in various markets, and if we are unable to compete successfully, our ability to generate revenues from our business will suffer.

We face significant competition in the digital media markets in which we operate. We believe that our most significant competitive threat comes from companies that have the collective financial, technical and other resources to develop the technologies, services, products and partnerships necessary to create a digital media ecosystem that can compete with the DivX ecosystem. Those potential competitors currently include Adobe Systems, Apple Computer, Google, Microsoft, News Corporation, Sony and Yahoo!.

We also compete with companies that offer products or services that compete with specific aspects of our digital media ecosystem. For example, our digital rights management technology competes with technologies from companies such as Apple Computer, ContentGuard, Intertrust Technologies, Microsoft, Nagra Audio, NDS Group and 4C Entity, as well as the internal development efforts of certain of our licensees. Similarly, content distribution providers, such as Amazon.com, Apple Computer, CinemaNow, Google, Joost, MovieLink, MySpace.com, a subsidiary of News Corporation, Netflix, Yahoo!, YouTube, a subsidiary of Google, and subscription entertainment services and cable and satellite providers compete against our content distribution services.

Our proprietary technologies also compete with other video compression technologies, including other implementations of MPEG-4 or implementations of H.264/AVC. A number of companies such as Adobe Systems, Apple Computer, Ateme, Google, Microsoft, On2 Technologies and RealNetworks offer other competing video formats.

We also face competition from subscription entertainment services, cable and satellite providers, DVDs and other emerging technologies and products related to content distribution. Our content distribution platforms and services face significant competition from services, such as peer-to-peer and content aggregator services, which allow consumers to directly access an expansive array of content without securing licenses from content providers.

Some of our current or future competitors may have significantly greater financial, technical, marketing and other resources than we do, may enjoy greater name recognition than we do, or may have more experience or advantages than we have in the markets in which they compete. For example, companies such as Amazon.com, Apple Computer, Google, Microsoft, Sony and Yahoo! may have competitive advantages over us because of their greater size and resources and the strength of their respective brand names. In addition, some of our current or potential competitors, such as Apple Computer, Dolby Laboratories, Microsoft and Sony, may be able to offer integrated system solutions in certain markets for entertainment technologies, including audio, video and rights management technologies related to personal computers or the Internet, which could make competing products and technologies that we develop unnecessary. By offering an integrated system solution, these potential competitors also may be able to offer competing products and technologies at lower prices than our products and technologies. Further, many of the consumer hardware and software products that include our technologies also include technologies developed by our competitors. As a result, we must continue to invest significant resources in product development in order to enhance our technologies and our existing products and introduce new high-

 

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quality technologies and products to meet the wide variety of such competitive pressures. Our ability to generate revenues from our business will suffer if we fail to do so successfully.

We are dependent on the sale by our licensees of consumer hardware and software products that incorporate our technologies. Our top 10 licensees by revenue accounted for approximately 50% of our total net revenues during the year ended December 31, 2007, and a reduction in revenues from those licensees or a loss of one or more of our key licensees would adversely affect our licensing revenue.

We derive most of our revenue from the licensing of our technologies to consumer hardware device manufacturers, software vendors and consumers. We derived 78%, 80% and 82% of our total net revenues from licensing our technology in the fiscal years 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively. One or a small number of our licensees generally represents a significant percentage of our technology licensing revenues. For example, in 2007, LG accounted for approximately 10% of our total net revenues, and our top 10 licensees by revenue accounted for approximately 50% of our total net revenues. Our technology licensing revenues are particularly dependent upon our relationships with consumer hardware device manufacturers. We cannot control consumer hardware device manufacturers’ and software developers’ product development or commercialization efforts or predict their success. Our license agreements typically require manufacturers of consumer hardware devices and software vendors to pay us a specified royalty for every shipped consumer hardware or software product that incorporates our technologies, but many of these agreements do not require these manufacturers to guarantee us a minimum royalty in any given period. Accordingly, if our licensees sell fewer products incorporating our technologies, or otherwise face significant economic difficulties, our licensing revenues will be adversely affected. Additionally, certain of our license agreements provide for specific royalties based on our estimations of the volumes of certain units consumer hardware device manufacturers are likely to ship during a given term; if our estimates are too low, the actual per-unit revenues received may be lower than expected. Our license agreements are generally for two years or less in duration, and a significant number of these agreements expire in any given quarter. Upon expiration of their license agreements, manufacturers and software developers may not renew their agreements or may elect not to enter into new agreements with us on terms as favorable as our current agreements.

Our September 2007 software distribution and promotion agreement with Yahoo! is our first distribution agreement with Yahoo!, and if products from Yahoo! are not as popular as the products of Google (with which we were previously a party to a software distribution agreement), or if Yahoo! products are more difficult to install or distribute than Google products, or if products from Yahoo! have greater market saturation than Google products, then our revenues may significantly decrease.

Pursuant to our September 2007 agreement with Yahoo!, we agreed to distribute a version of Internet Explorer browser optimized for Yahoo! and a co-branded version of the Yahoo! Toolbar with our software products and Yahoo! will pay us fees based on the number of certain distributions or installations of the Yahoo! software. Our agreement with Yahoo! also affects our ability to offer our software products with third party web browsers, toolbars, and search services other than those provided by Yahoo!. As a result, if the Yahoo! products we plan to distribute are not as popular as, or if the have greater market saturation than, the Google products we have distributed in the past, or if they are more difficult to install or distribute, our revenues may significantly decrease. Any decline in the popularity of our products or Yahoo!’s products among consumers or market saturation of those products could result in a decrease in revenue under our agreement with Yahoo!. In addition, if we fail to achieve certain minimum distribution volumes or certain minimum installations of the Yahoo! software for specific periods described in the agreement, Yahoo! may elect to terminate the agreement.

The success of our business depends on the availability of premium video content in the DivX format.

To date, only one major motion picture studio has agreed to make certain video content available in the DivX video format. If we, and/or our consumer electronics partners, fail to implement certain technological safeguards mandated under that deal, such format approval deal may be suspended or terminated, either of which could

 

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negatively impact our business. The implementation of these changes could potentially be viewed negatively by consumers and as a result our business could suffer. Additionally, the distribution of such DivX-formatted video content is dependent on third party retailers’ willingness to enter into distribution deals with our studio partner and DivX and ultimately upon the willingness of consumers to purchase such content from such third party retailers. Finally, our business success depends upon our ability to reach agreement with other major motion picture studios to make their content available in the DivX video format. In the event that we fail to reach agreement with such studios, the DivX format may become less compelling to consumers and to retailers and potentially to consumer electronics licensees of DivX.

The success of our business depends on the interoperability of our technologies with consumer hardware devices.

To be successful we design our digital media platform to interoperate effectively with a variety of consumer hardware devices, including personal computers, DVD players, DVD recorders, network connected DVD players, high definition DVD players, digital still cameras, digital camcorders, portable media players, smart TVs, home media centers, set-top boxes, video game consoles, and mobile handsets. We depend on significant cooperation with manufacturers of these devices and the components integrated into these devices, as well as software providers that create the operating systems for such devices, to incorporate our technologies into their product offerings and ensure consistent playback of DivX-encoded files. Currently, a limited number of devices are designed to support our technologies. If we are unsuccessful in causing component manufacturers, device manufacturers and software providers to integrate our technologies into their product offerings, our technologies may become less accessible to consumers, which would adversely affect our revenue potential.

If we fail to develop and deliver innovative technologies and products in response to changes in our industry, including changes in consumer tastes or trends, our revenues could decline.

The markets for our technologies and products are characterized by rapid change and technological evolution. We will need to expend considerable resources on product development in the future to continue to design and deliver enduring and innovative technologies and products. Despite our efforts, we may not be able to develop and effectively market new technologies and products that adequately or competitively address the needs of the changing marketplace. In addition, we may not correctly identify new or changing market trends at an early enough stage to capitalize on market opportunities. At times such changes can be dramatic. Our future success depends to a great extent on our ability to develop and deliver innovative technologies that are widely adopted in response to changes in our industry and that are compatible with the technologies or products introduced by other participants in our industry. If we fail to deliver innovative technologies, we may be unable to meet changes in consumer tastes or trends, which could decrease our revenues.

Our licensing revenue depends in large part upon integrated circuit manufacturers incorporating our technologies into their products for sale to our consumer hardware device manufacturer licensees and if our technologies are not incorporated in these integrated circuits or fewer integrated circuits are sold that incorporate our technologies, our revenues will be adversely affected.

Our licensing revenue from consumer hardware device manufacturers depends in large part upon the availability of integrated circuits that incorporate our technologies. Integrated circuit manufacturers incorporate our technologies into their products, which are then incorporated into consumer hardware devices. We do not manufacture integrated circuits, but rather depend on integrated circuit manufacturers to develop, produce and sell these products to licensed consumer hardware device manufacturers. We do not control the integrated circuit manufacturers’ decision whether or not to incorporate our technologies into their products, and we do not control their product development or commercialization efforts. If we fail to develop new technologies that adequately or competitively address the needs of the changing marketplace, integrated circuit manufacturers may not be willing to implement our technologies into their products. The process utilized by integrated circuit manufacturers to design, develop, produce and sell their products is generally 12 to 18 months in duration. As a result, if an

 

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integrated circuit manufacturer is unwilling or unable to implement our technologies into an integrated circuit that it is producing, we may experience significant delays in generating revenue while we wait for that manufacturer to begin development of a new integrated circuit that may incorporate our technologies. In addition, while the design cycles utilized by integrated circuit manufacturers are typically long, the life cycles of our technologies tend to be short as a result of the rapidly changing technology environment in which we operate. If integrated circuit manufacturers are unable or unwilling to implement technologies we develop into their products, or if they sell fewer products incorporating our technologies, our revenues will be adversely affected. In addition, if integrated circuit manufacturers incorporate our technology in new ways that make reporting or tracking more difficult, it could adversely affect our ability to collect revenues.

Our business is dependent in part on technologies we license from third parties, and these license rights may be inadequate for our business.

Certain of our technologies and products are dependent in part on the licensing and incorporation of technologies from third parties. For example, we have entered into license agreements with MPEG LA pursuant to which we have acquired rights to use in our technologies and products certain MPEG-4 and AVC intellectual property licensed to MPEG LA. Our licensing agreements with MPEG LA grant us sublicenses only to the rights in the relevant intellectual property licensed to MPEG LA. There are other parties who have competing rights to MPEG-4 and AVC intellectual property, and to the extent that the rights of such other parties conflict with or are superior to the rights licensed to MPEG LA, our rights to utilize MPEG-4 or AVC technology in our technologies and products could be challenged. Our license agreement with MPEG LA, under its MPEG-4 Part 2 Visual Patent Portfolio will expire on December 31, 2008. MPEG LA has the right to renew the license agreement for successive terms of five years, upon notice to us.

If the technology we license fails to perform as expected, if key licensors do not continue to support their technology or intellectual property because the licensor has gone out of business or otherwise, if a licensor, such as MPEG LA determines not to renew a license agreement upon expiration or if it is determined that any of our licensors are not entitled to license to us any of the technologies or intellectual property that are subject to our current license agreements, then we may incur substantial costs in replacing the licensed technologies or intellectual property or fall behind in our development schedule while we search for a replacement. In addition, replacement technology may not be available for license on commercially reasonable terms, or at all.

In addition, our agreements with licensors generally require us to give them the right to audit our calculations of royalties payable to them. If a licensor challenges the basis of our calculations, the amount of royalties we have to pay them could increase. Any royalties paid as a result of a successful challenge would increase our expenses and could impair our ability to continue to use and re-license technologies or intellectual property from that licensor.

We rely on our licensees to accurately prepare royalty reports for our determination of licensing revenues, and if these reports are inaccurate, our revenues may be under- or over-stated and our forecasts and budgets may be incorrect.

Our licensing revenues are generated primarily from consumer hardware device manufacturers and software vendors who license our technologies and incorporate them into their products. Under these arrangements, these licensees typically pay us a specified royalty for every consumer hardware or software product they ship that incorporates our technologies. We rely on our licensees to accurately report the number of units shipped. We calculate our license fees, prepare our financial reports, projections and budgets, and direct our sales and technology development efforts based in part on these reports. However, it is often difficult for us to independently determine whether or not our licensees are reporting shipments accurately. This is especially true with respect to software incorporating our technologies because software can be copied relatively easily and we often do not have ways to readily determine how many copies have been made. Licensees in specific countries, including China, have a history of underreporting or failing to report shipments of their products that incorporate

 

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our technologies. Most of our license agreements permit us to audit our licensees’ records, but audits are generally expensive and time consuming. We have initiated, and intend to initiate, audits with certain of our licensees to determine whether their shipment reports for past periods were accurate. Such audits could harm our relationships with our licensees or may result in the cancellation or termination of our agreements with such licensees. In addition, the license agreements that we have entered into with most of our licensees impose restrictions on our audit rights, such as limitations on the number of audits we may conduct. To the extent that our licensees understate or fail to report the number of products incorporating our technologies that they ship, we will not collect and recognize revenue to which we are entitled. Alternatively, we have experienced limited instances in which a customer has notified us that it previously reported and paid royalties on units in excess of what the customer actually shipped. In such cases, the customer requested, and we granted, a credit for the excess royalties paid. If a similar event occurs in the future, we may be required to record the credit as a reduction in revenue in the period in which it is granted, and such a reduction could be material.

Any development delays or cost overruns may affect our ability to respond to technological changes, competitive developments or customer requirements and expose us to other adverse consequences.

We have experienced development delays and cost overruns in our development efforts in the past and we may encounter such problems in the future. Delays and cost overruns could affect our ability to respond to technological changes, competitive developments or customer requirements. Also, our technologies and products may contain undetected errors that could cause increased development costs, loss of revenue, adverse publicity, reduced market acceptance of our technologies and products or lawsuits by participants in the consumer hardware or software industries or consumers.

We conduct a substantial portion of our business outside North America and, as a result, we face diverse risks related to engaging in international business.

We have offices in seven foreign countries as well as sales staff in several others, and we are dedicating a significant portion of our sales efforts in countries outside North America. We are dependent on international sales for a substantial amount of our total revenues. For 2007, 2006 and 2005, our net revenue outside North America comprised 77%, 76% and 78%, respectively, of our total revenues. We expect that international sales will continue to represent a substantial portion of our revenues for the foreseeable future. These future international revenues will depend to a large extent on the continued use and expansion of our technologies in entertainment industries worldwide. Increased worldwide use of our technologies is also an important factor in our future growth.

We are subject to the risks of conducting business internationally, including:

 

   

our ability to enforce our contractual and intellectual property rights, especially in those foreign countries that do not respect and protect intellectual property rights to the same extent that the United States does, which increases the risk of unauthorized and uncompensated use of our technology;

 

   

United States and foreign government trade restrictions, including those that may impose restrictions on importation of programming, technology or components to or from the United States;

 

   

foreign government taxes, regulations and permit requirements, including foreign taxes that we may not be able to offset against taxes imposed upon us in the United States, and foreign tax and other laws limiting our ability to repatriate funds to the United States;

 

   

foreign labor laws, regulations and restrictions;

 

   

changes in diplomatic and trade relationships;

 

   

difficulty in staffing and managing foreign operations;

 

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fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates, including risks related to any interest rate swap or other hedging activities we undertake;

 

   

political instability, natural disasters, war and/or events of terrorism; and

 

   

the strength of international economies.

We face risks with respect to conducting business in China due to China’s historically limited recognition and enforcement of intellectual property and contractual rights.

We currently have direct license relationships with over 50 consumer hardware device manufacturers located in China. In addition, a number of the OEMs that license our technologies utilize captive or third-party manufacturing facilities located in China. We expect this to continue in the future as consumer hardware device manufacturing in China continues to increase due to its lower manufacturing cost structure as compared to other industrialized countries. As a result, we face many risks in China, in large part due to China’s historically limited recognition and enforcement of contractual and intellectual property rights. In particular, we have experienced, and expect to continue to experience, problems with China-based consumer hardware device manufacturers underreporting or failing to report shipments of their products that incorporate our technologies, or incorporating our technologies or trademarks into their products without our authorization or without paying us licensing fees. We may also experience difficulty enforcing our intellectual property rights in China, where intellectual property rights are not as respected as they are in the United States, Japan and Europe. Unauthorized use of our technologies and intellectual property rights may dilute or undermine the strength of our brand. Further, if we are not able to adequately monitor the use of our technologies by China-based consumer hardware device manufacturers, or enforce our intellectual property rights in China, our revenue potential could be adversely affected.

Pricing pressures on the consumer hardware device manufacturers and software vendors who incorporate our technologies into their products could limit the licensing fees we charge for our technologies and adversely affect our revenues.

The markets for the consumer hardware and software products in which our technologies are incorporated are intensely competitive and price sensitive. For example, retail prices for consumer hardware devices that include our digital media platform, such as DVD players, have decreased significantly in recent years, and we expect prices to continue to decrease for the foreseeable future. In response, consumer hardware device manufacturers and software vendors have sought to reduce their product costs, which can result in downward pressure on the licensing fees we charge our licensees who incorporate our technologies into the consumer hardware and software products that they sell. In addition, we have experienced erosion in the average royalty we can charge for specific versions of our technologies to our OEM partners since the release of these technologies. To maintain higher overall per unit royalties, we must continue to introduce new, more highly functional versions of our products for which we can charge a higher royalty. Any inability to introduce such products in the future or other declines in the royalties we charge would adversely affect our revenues.

We do not expect sales of DVD players to continue to grow as quickly as they have in the past. To the extent that sales of DVD players level off or decline, or alternative technologies in which we do not participate replace DVDs as a dominant medium for consumer video entertainment, our licensing revenue will be adversely affected.

Growth in our revenue over the past several years has been the result, in large part, of the rapid growth in sales of red-laser DVD players incorporating our technologies. For the years 2007, 2006 and 2005, we derived approximately 70%, 72% and 71%, respectively, of our total net revenues from technology licensing to consumer hardware device manufacturers, a majority of which are derived from sales of red-laser DVD players incorporating our technologies. However, as the markets for DVD players mature, we do not expect sales of red-laser DVD players to continue to grow as quickly as they have in the past. To the extent that sales of

 

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red-laser DVD players level off or decline, our licensing revenue will be adversely affected. In addition, if new technologies are developed for use with DVDs or new technologies are developed that substantially compete with or replace red-laser DVDs as a dominant medium for consumer video entertainment such as high definition DVD or Blu-ray Disc, and if we are unable to develop and successfully market technologies that are incorporated into or compatible with such new technologies, our ability to generate revenues will be adversely affected.

Digital video technologies could be treated as a commodity in the future, which could expose us to significant pricing pressure.

We believe that the success we have had licensing our digital video technologies to consumer hardware device manufacturers and software vendors is due, in part, to the strength of our brand and the perception that our technologies provide a high-quality video solution. However, as applications that incorporate digital video technologies become increasingly prevalent, we expect more competitors to enter this field with other solutions. Furthermore, to the extent that competitors’ solutions are perceived, accurately or not, to provide the same or greater advantages as our technologies, at a lower or comparable price, there is a risk that video encoding and decoding technologies such as ours will be treated as commodities, exposing us to significant pricing pressure.

Current and future government standards or standards-setting organizations may limit our business opportunities.

Various national governments have adopted or are in the process of adopting standards for digital television broadcasts, including cable and satellite broadcasts. In the event national governments adopt similar standards for video codecs used in consumer hardware devices, software products or Internet applications, our technology may be excluded from such standards. We have not made any efforts to have our technologies adopted as standards by any national governments, nor do we currently expect that our technologies will be adopted as standards by any national government in the future. If national governments adopt standards that exclude our technologies, we will be required to redesign our technologies to comply with such government standards to allow our products to be utilized in those countries. Costs or potential delays in the development of our technologies and products to comply with such government standards could significantly increase our expenses. In addition, standards-setting organizations are adopting or establishing formal technology standards for use in a wide range of consumer hardware devices, software products and Internet applications. In the past, we have not participated in standards-setting organizations, nor have we sought to have our technologies adopted as industry standards. As such, participants in the consumer hardware or software industries or consumers may elect not to purchase our technologies because they have not been adopted by standards-setting organizations or if a competing technology is adopted as an industry standard.

Our business may depend in part upon our ability to provide effective digital rights management technology.

Our business may depend in part upon our ability to provide effective digital rights management technology that controls access to digital content that addresses, among other things, content providers’ concerns over piracy. We cannot be certain that we can continue to develop, license or acquire such technology, or that content licensors, consumer hardware device manufacturers or consumers will accept such technology. In addition, consumers may be unwilling to accept the use of digital rights management technology that limits their use of content, especially with large amounts of free content readily available. We may need to license digital rights management technology from third parties to support our technologies and products. Such technology may not be available to us on reasonable terms, or at all. If digital rights management technology is not effective, is perceived as not effective or is compromised by third parties, or if laws are enacted that require digital rights management technology to allow consumers to convert content stored in a protected format into an unprotected format, content providers may not be willing to encode their content using our products and consumer hardware device manufacturers may not be willing to include our technologies in their products.

 

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We have offered and we expect to continue to offer some of our products and technologies for reduced prices or free of charge, and we may not realize the benefits of this marketing strategy.

We have offered and expect to continue to offer some of our products and technologies to consumers for reduced prices or free of charge as part of our overall strategy of developing a digital media ecosystem and promoting additional penetration of our products and technologies into the markets in which we compete. If we offer such products and technologies at reduced prices or free of charge, we will forego all or a portion of the revenue from licensing these products, and we may not realize the intended benefits of this marketing strategy.

Our online video communities and distribution services and platforms are rapidly evolving and may not prove viable.

Online video distribution is a relatively new enterprise, and successful business models for delivering digital media over the Internet are not fully tested. We have only recently launched our efforts to develop a business centered around online content delivery, and we have recently ceased operation of our Stage6 service, which was our first full-scale direct attempt at this business. We have not scaled any of our other distribution or community services or platforms to a material size. We may fail to develop a viable business model that properly monetizes our technology platforms for online video communities.

Our decision to cease operations of the Stage6 service may result in a negative impact to our brand or to our ability to achieve certain business metrics.

Our decision to shut down the Stage6 service may be viewed unfavorably by users and consumers, who may then opt not to download our software or purchase products or services offered by DivX. The shutdown of Stage6 may result in users and consumers developing unfavorable opinions about our business, which, in turn, may negatively impact our brand image and our business. Additionally, loss of users and consumers could impact the perceived demand for DivX Certified products by our licensees, which could negatively impact our ability to generate revenue. Further, as Stage6 was one service offering through which users developed a desire to download and install our software offerings, we may see slower adoption of our software and a negative impact on our ability to generate revenue from the distribution of third party software, including that from Yahoo!.

We will need to increase the size of our organization, and we may experience difficulties in managing growth.

As of December 31, 2007 we had over 380 full-time employees, including full-time equivalents. We will need to continue to expand our managerial, operational, financial and other resources to manage our business, including our relationships with key customers and licensees. Our current facilities and systems may not be adequate to support this future growth. We may require additional office space to accommodate our growth. Additional office space may not be available on commercially reasonable terms and may result in a disruption of our corporate culture. Our need to effectively manage our operations, growth and various projects requires that we continue to improve our operational, financial and management controls, reporting systems and procedures and to attract and retain sufficient numbers of talented employees. We may be unable to successfully implement these tasks on a larger scale, which could prevent us from executing our business strategy.

We have experienced recent changes in our senior management, which may disrupt our operations.

We have recently experienced several changes in our senior management, including the departure of our former Chief Financial Officer, the appointment of Kevin Hell as our Chief Executive Officer and the addition of Dan L. Halvorson as our Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer. In addition, we recently announced that R. Jordan Greenhall, our former Chief Executive Officer, has resigned as an employee of DivX, Inc. In February 2008 Chris Russell resigned as our Chief Technology Officer and we appointed Markus Moenig as our new Chief Technology Officer. We may experience disruptions in our operations as a result of these changes and as

 

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the new members of our management team become acclimated to their roles and to our company in general. If we experience any of these disruptions or a loss of management attention to our core business, our operating results could be adversely affected.

Our business, in particular our content distribution offerings and community forums, will suffer if our systems or networks fail, become unavailable or perform poorly so that current or potential users do not have adequate access to our online products and websites.

Our ability to provide our online offerings will depend on the continued operation of our information systems and networks. As our user traffic increases and our products become more complex, we will need more computing power. We have spent, and may again spend, substantial amounts to purchase or lease data centers and equipment and to upgrade our technology and network infrastructure to handle increased traffic on our website and to introduce new technologies and products. These expansions may be expensive and complex and could result in inefficiencies or operational failures. If we do not implement these expansions successfully, or if we experience inefficiencies and operational failures during the implementation, the quality of our technologies and products and our users’ experience could decline. This could damage our reputation and lead us to lose current and potential users, advertisers and content providers.

In addition, significant or repeated reductions in the performance, reliability or availability of our information systems and network infrastructure could harm our ability to provide our content distribution offerings and advertising platforms. We could experience failures in our systems and networks from our failure to adequately maintain and enhance these systems and networks, natural disasters and similar events, power failures, intentional actions to disrupt our systems and networks and many other causes. The vulnerability of our computer and communications infrastructure is increased because it is largely located at facilities in San Diego, California, an area that is at heightened risk of earthquake, wildfires and flood. We are vulnerable to terrorist attacks, fires, power loss, telecommunications failures, computer viruses, computer denial of service attacks or other attempts to harm our systems. Moreover, much of our facilities are located near the landing path of a military base and are subject to risks related to falling debris and aircraft crashes. We do not currently have fully redundant systems or a formal disaster recovery plan, and we may not have adequate business interruption insurance to compensate us for losses that may occur from a system outage.

Any failure or interruption of the services provided by bandwidth providers, data centers or other key third parties could subject our business to disruption and additional costs and damage our reputation.

We rely on third-party vendors, including data center and bandwidth providers for network access or co-location services that are essential to our business. Any interruption in these services, including any failure to handle current or higher volumes of use, could subject our business to disruption and additional costs and significantly harm our reputation. Our systems are also heavily reliant on the availability of electricity, which also comes from third-party providers. The cost of electricity has risen in recent years with the rising costs of fuel. If the cost of electricity continues to increase, such increased costs could significantly increase our expenses. In addition, if we were to experience a major power outage, it could result in a significant disruption of our business.

Our network is subject to security risks that could harm our reputation and expose us to litigation or liability.

Online commerce and communications depend on the ability to transmit confidential or proprietary information securely over private and public networks. Any compromise of our ability to transmit and store such information and data securely, and any costs associated with preventing or eliminating such problems, could impair our ability to distribute technologies and products or collect revenue, threaten the proprietary or confidential nature of our technology, harm our reputation and expose us to litigation or liability. We also may be required to expend significant capital or other resources to protect against the threat of security breaches or hacker attacks or to alleviate problems caused by such breaches or attacks. Any successful attack or breach of our security could hurt consumer demand for our technologies and products and expose us to consumer class action lawsuits and other

 

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liabilities. In addition, our vulnerability to security risks may affect our ability to maintain effective internal controls over financial reporting as contemplated by Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

It is not yet clear how laws designed to protect children that use the Internet may be interpreted and enforced, and whether new similar laws will be enacted in the future which may apply to our business in ways that may subject us to potential liability.

The Child Online Protection Act and the Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act impose civil and criminal penalties on persons distributing material harmful to minors (e.g., obscene material) over the Internet to persons under the age of 17, or collecting personal information from children under the age of 13. We do not knowingly distribute harmful materials to minors, direct our websites or services, to children under the age of 13, or collect personal information from children under the age of 13. However, we are not able to control the ways in which consumers use our technology, and our technology may be used for purposes that violate these laws. The manner in which these Acts may be interpreted and enforced cannot be fully determined, and future legislation similar to these Acts could subject us to potential liability if we were deemed to be non-compliant with such rules and regulations.

We may be subject to market risk and legal liability in connection with the data collection capabilities of our various online services.

Many components of our online services include interactive components that by their very nature require communication between a client and server to operate. To provide better consumer experiences and to operate effectively, we collect certain information from users. Our collection and use of such information may be subject to United States state and federal privacy and data collection laws and regulations, as well as foreign laws such as the EU Data Protection Directive. We post an extensive privacy policy concerning the collection, use and disclosure of user data, including that involved in interactions between our client and server products. Because of the evolving nature of our business and applicable law, our privacy policy may now or in the future fail to comply with applicable law. Any failure by us to comply with our posted privacy policy, any failure by us to conform our privacy policy to changing aspects of our business or applicable law, or any existing or new legislation regarding privacy issues could impact the market for our online video community service, technologies and products and subject us to fines, litigation or other liability.

Improper conduct by users could subject us to claims and compliance costs.

The terms of use and end-user license agreements for our products and services prohibit a broad range of unlawful or undesirable conduct. However, we are unable to block access in all instances to users who are determined to gain access to our products or services for improper motives. Claims may be threatened or brought against us using various legal theories based on the nature and content of information or media that may be created, posted online or generated by our users or the use of our technology. This risk includes actions by our users to copy or distribute third-party content. Investigating and defending any of these types of claims could be expensive, even if the claims do not ultimately result in liability. In addition, we may incur substantial costs to enforce our terms of use or end-user license agreements and to exclude certain users of our services or products who violate such terms of use or end-user license agreements, or who otherwise engage in unlawful or undesirable conduct.

We may be subject to legal liability for the provision of third-party products, services, content or advertising.

We have entered into, and expect to continue to enter into, arrangements for third-party products, services, content or advertising to be offered in connection with our various content distribution offerings. Certain of these arrangements involve the enabling distribution of digital content owned by third parties, which may subject us to third party claims related to such products, services, content or advertising, including defamation, violation of privacy laws, misappropriation of publicity rights, violation of United States federal CAN-SPAM legislation, and

 

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infringement of intellectual property rights. We require users of our services to agree to terms of use that prohibit, among other things, the posting of content that violates third party intellectual property rights, or that is obscene, hateful or defamatory. We have implemented procedures to enforce such terms of use on certain of our services, including taking down content that violates our terms of use for which we have received notification, or that we are aware of, and/or blocking access by, or terminating the accounts of, users determined to be repeat violators of our terms of use. Despite these measures, we cannot guarantee that such unauthorized content will not exist on our services, that these procedures will reduce our liability with respect to such unauthorized third party conduct or content, or that we will be able to resolve any disputes that may arise with content providers or users regarding such conduct or content. Our agreements with these parties may not adequately protect us from these potential liabilities. Investigating and defending any of these types of claims is expensive, even if the claims do not result in liability. If any of these claims results in liability, we could be required to pay damages or other penalties.

We may be subject to assessment of sales taxes and other taxes for our licensing of technology or sale of products.

We do not currently directly collect sales taxes or other taxes on the licensing of our technology, the sale of our products over the Internet, or our distribution of content. Although we have evaluated the tax requirements of certain major tax jurisdictions with respect to the licensing of our technology or the sale of our products over the Internet, in the past we have licensed or sold, and in the future we may license or sell, our technologies or products to consumers located in jurisdictions where we have not evaluated the tax consequences of such license or sale. We would incur substantial costs if one or more taxing jurisdictions required us to collect sales or other taxes from past licenses of technology or sales or distributions of our products or content over the Internet, particularly because we would be unable to go back to customers to collect sales, value added or other taxes for past licenses, sales or distributions and would likely have to pay such taxes out of our own funds. Certain of our licensing agreements require our partners to pay taxes to applicable taxing jurisdictions as a result of the sale of products that incorporate our technologies. If our licensees fail to pay such taxes, we may become liable for the payment of such taxes.

We also intend to sell content over the Internet to consumers throughout the world in conjunction with certain of our service offerings. We intend to comply with applicable tax requirements of certain major tax jurisdictions with respect to such sales. However, we may sell content to consumers located in jurisdictions where we have not evaluated the tax consequences of such sale. If we fail to comply with tax requirements of tax jurisdictions in which we sell content online, we may become liable for substantial costs or penalties.

Inflation and other unfavorable economic conditions may adversely affect our revenues, margins and profitability.

Our consumer software products, as well as the consumer hardware device and software products that contain our technologies, are discretionary purchases for consumers. Consumers are generally more willing to make discretionary purchases during favorable economic conditions. As a result of inflation or other unfavorable economic conditions, including higher interest rates, increased taxation, higher consumer debt levels and lower availability of consumer credit, consumers’ purchases of discretionary items may decline, which could adversely affect our revenues. In addition, while inflation historically has not had a material effect on our operating results, we may experience inflationary conditions in our cost base due to changes in foreign currency exchange rates that reduce the purchasing power of the United States dollar, increases in selling, general and administrative expenses, reduced interest rates for our cash positions, and other factors. These inflationary conditions may harm our margins and profitability if we are unable to increase our license, advertising and content distribution fees or reduce our costs sufficiently to offset the effects of inflation in our cost base. Our attempts to offset the effects of inflation and cost increases through controlling our expenses, passing cost increases on to our licensees, advertisers and partners or any other method may not succeed.

 

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Failure to comply with applicable current and future government regulations could limit our ability to license our technologies, sell our products or distribute content, and expose us to additional costs and liabilities.

Our operations and business practices are subject to federal, state and local government laws and regulations, as well as international laws and regulations, including those relating to import or export of technology and software, distribution or censorship of content, use of encryption or other digital rights management software and consumer and other safety-related compliance for electronic equipment. Any failure by us to comply with the laws and regulations applicable to us or our technologies, products or our distribution of content could result in our inability to license those technologies, sell those products, or distribute content, additional costs to redesign technologies, products or our methods for distribution of content to meet such laws and regulations, fines or other administrative, civil or criminal liability or actions by the agencies charged with enforcing compliance and, possibly, damages awarded to persons claiming injury as the result of our non-compliance. Changes in or enactment of new statutes, rules or regulations applicable to us could have a material adverse effect on our business.

If we lose the services of key members of our senior management team, we may not be able to execute our business strategy.

Our future success depends in large part upon the continued services of key members of our senior management team. All of our executive officers and key employees are at-will employees, and we do not maintain any key person life insurance policies. The loss of our management or key personnel could seriously harm our ability to execute our business strategy. We also may have to incur significant costs in identifying, hiring, training and retaining replacements for key employees.

We rely on highly skilled personnel, and if we are unable to retain or motivate key personnel or hire qualified personnel, we may not be able to maintain our operations or grow effectively.

Our performance is largely dependent on the talents and efforts of highly skilled individuals. These individuals have acquired specialized knowledge and skills with respect to us and our operations. Our employment relationship with each of these individuals is on an at will basis and can be terminated at any time. If any of these individuals or a group of individuals were to terminate their employment unexpectedly, we could face substantial difficulty in hiring qualified successors and could experience a loss in productivity while any such successor obtains the necessary training and experience.

Our future success depends on our continuing ability to identify, hire, develop, motivate and retain highly skilled personnel for all areas of our organization. In this regard, if we are unable to hire and train a sufficient number of qualified employees for any reason, we may not be able to implement our current initiatives or grow effectively. We have in the past maintained a rigorous, highly selective and time-consuming hiring process. We believe that our approach to hiring has significantly contributed to our success to date. However, our highly selective hiring process has made it more difficult for us to hire a sufficient number of qualified employees, and, as we grow, our hiring process may prevent us from hiring the personnel we need in a timely manner. Moreover, the cost of living in the San Diego area, where our corporate headquarters are located, has been an impediment to attracting new employees in the past, and we expect that this will continue to impair our ability to attract and retain employees in the future. If we do not succeed in attracting qualified personnel and retaining and motivating existing personnel, our ability to execute our business strategy may suffer.

Our recent acquisitions, as well as any companies or technologies we may acquire in the future, could prove difficult to integrate and may result in unexpected costs and disruptions to our business.

We recently acquired all of the outstanding shares of MainConcept AG, a leading provider of audio and video codecs and software development kits to the broadcast, film and consumer markets. In early 2007 we acquired all of the assets of a limited liability corporation engaged in developing real-time digital video processing

 

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technology for the purposes of producing enhanced video search and discovery services. We expect to continue to evaluate possible additional acquisitions of technologies and businesses on an ongoing basis. Our recent acquisitions, as well as acquisitions in which we may engage in the future, entail numerous operational and financial risks including certain of the following risks:

 

   

exposure to unknown liabilities;

 

   

disruption of our business and diversion of our management’s time and attention to developing acquired products or technologies;

 

   

incurrence of substantial debt or dilutive issuances of securities to pay for acquisitions;

 

   

higher than expected acquisition and integration costs;

 

   

increased amortization expenses;

 

   

difficulty and cost in combining the operations and personnel of any acquired businesses with our operations and personnel;

 

   

impairment of relationships with key suppliers or customers of any acquired businesses due to changes in management and ownership; and

 

   

inability to retain key employees of any acquired businesses.

We have limited experience in identifying new acquisition targets, successfully completing acquisitions and integrating any acquired products, businesses or technologies into our current infrastructure. Moreover, in the future we may devote resources to potential acquisitions that are never completed or that fail to realize any of their anticipated benefits.

We may not realize the benefits we expect from the acquisition of MainConcept.

The integration of MainConcept’s technology may be time consuming and expensive, and may disrupt our business. We will need to overcome significant challenges to realize any benefits or synergies from this transaction. These challenges include the timely, efficient and successful execution of a number of post-transaction integration activities, including:

 

   

integrating MainConcept’s technology;

 

   

entering markets in which we have limited or no prior experience;

 

   

successfully completing the development of MainConcept’s technologies;

 

   

developing commercial products based on those technologies;

 

   

retaining and assimilating the key personnel of MainConcept;

 

   

attracting additional customers for products based on MainConcept’s technologies;

 

   

implementing and maintaining uniform standards, controls, processes, procedures, policies, accounting systems and information systems; and

 

   

managing expenses of any potential legal liability of MainConcept.

In particular, we may encounter difficulties successfully integrating our operations, technologies, services and personnel with those of MainConcept, and our financial and management resources may be diverted from our existing operations. For example, as a result of our acquisition of MainConcept we have additional offices in Germany, Russia and Japan. Maintaining offices in multiple countries could create a strain on our ability to effectively manage our operations and personnel. In addition, the process of integrating operations and technology could cause an interruption of, or loss of momentum in, the activities of one or more of our businesses and the loss of key personnel. The delays or difficulties encountered in connection with the

 

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integration of MainConcept’s technologies could have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition. We may not succeed in addressing these risks or any other problems encountered in connection with this transaction. Our inability to successfully integrate the technology and personnel of MainConcept, or any significant delay in achieving integration, including regulatory approval delays, could have a material adverse effect on us and, as a result, on the market price of our common stock.

Our corporate culture has contributed to our success, and if we cannot maintain this culture as we grow, we could lose the innovation, creativity and teamwork fostered by our culture.

We believe that a critical contributor to our success has been our corporate culture, which we believe fosters innovation, creativity and teamwork. As our organization grows and we are required to implement more complex organizational management structures, we may find it increasingly difficult to maintain the beneficial aspects of our corporate culture. This could negatively impact our future success.

Risks related to our finances

Our quarterly operating results and stock price may fluctuate significantly.

We expect our operating results to be subject to quarterly fluctuations. The revenues we generate and our operating results and the market price of our common stock will be affected by numerous factors, including:

 

   

demand for our technologies and products;

 

   

introduction, enhancement and market acceptance of technologies and products by us and our competitors;

 

   

price reductions by us or our competitors or changes in how technologies and products are priced;

 

   

the mix of technologies and products offered by us and our competitors;

 

   

the mix of distribution channels through which our technologies and products are licensed and sold;

 

   

our ability to successfully generate revenues from advertising and content distribution;

 

   

the mix of international and United States revenues attributable to our technologies and products;

 

   

costs of intellectual property protection and any litigation;

 

   

timing of payments received by us pursuant to our licensing agreements;

 

   

our ability to hire and retain qualified personnel; and

 

   

growth in the use of the Internet.

As a result of the variances in quarterly volumes reported by our consumer hardware device manufacturing customers, we expect our revenues to be subject to seasonality, with our second quarter revenues expected to be lower than the revenues we derive in our other quarters. In addition, a substantial majority of our quarterly revenues are based on actual shipment of products incorporating our technologies in that quarter, and not on contractually agreed upon minimum revenue commitments. Because the shipping of products by our consumer hardware and independent software vendor partners are outside our control and difficult to predict, our ability to accurately forecast quarterly revenue is substantially limited. Quarterly fluctuations in our operating results may, in turn, cause the price of our stock to fluctuate substantially. We believe that quarterly comparisons of our financial results are not necessarily meaningful and should not be relied upon as an indication of our future performance.

We have a history of net losses and only recently achieved profitability on a quarterly basis, and we may not be able to sustain our profitability.

We may not generate sufficient revenue to be profitable on a quarterly or annual basis in the future. In addition, we devote significant resources to developing and enhancing our technology and to selling, marketing and

 

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obtaining content for our technologies and products. We expect our operating expenses to increase, as we, among other things:

 

   

develop and grow our community and content distribution platform initiatives;

 

   

expand our domestic and international sales and marketing activities;

 

   

increase our product development efforts to advance our existing technologies and products and develop new technologies and products;

 

   

hire additional personnel;

 

   

upgrade our operational and financial systems, procedures and controls and continued compliance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act; and

 

   

continue to assume the responsibilities of being a public company.

In addition, starting January 1, 2006, we adopted SFAS No. 123(R), Share-Based Payment, which required that we record stock-based compensation charges in connection with our equity compensation for employees. As a result, we expect to continue to record significant expenses in future periods and we will need to generate significant revenue to be profitable in the future.

We may require additional capital, and raising additional funds by issuing securities, debt financing or through strategic alliances or licensing arrangements may cause dilution to existing stockholders, restrict our operations or require us to relinquish proprietary rights.

We may raise additional funds through public or private equity offerings, debt financings, strategic alliances or licensing arrangements. To the extent that we raise additional capital by issuing equity securities, our existing stockholders’ ownership will be diluted. Any debt financing we enter into may involve covenants that restrict our operations. These restrictive covenants may include limitations on additional borrowing, specific restrictions on the use of our assets as well as prohibitions on our ability to create liens, pay dividends, redeem our stock or make investments. In addition, if we raise additional funds through strategic alliances or licensing arrangements, it may be necessary to relinquish potentially valuable rights to our potential products or proprietary technologies, or grant licenses on terms that are not favorable to us.

Risks related to our intellectual property

We are, and may in the future be, subject to intellectual property rights claims, which are costly to defend, could require us to pay damages and could limit our ability to use certain technologies or content in the future.

Companies in the technology and entertainment industries own large numbers of patents, copyrights, trademarks and trade secrets and they frequently make claims and commence litigation based on allegations of infringement or other violations of intellectual property rights, including those relating to digital media standards such as MPEG-4, H.264, MP3 and AAC or relating to video or music content. We have faced such claims in the past, we currently face such claims, and we expect to face similar claims in the future. For instance, we have been contacted by third parties regarding the licensing of certain patents characterized by such parties as being essential to the MPEG-4 visual standard. In this regard, AT&T has offered to license us certain patents it claims are essential to MPEG-4 and our products, and while we believe we do not need a license from AT&T for these patents, AT&T may pursue their claims. We have also been contacted by LG Electronics regarding a license to certain patents that LG Electronics owns and claims are related to the MPEG-4 visual standard. LG Electronics is one of our most significant customers in consumer hardware technology licensing and any dispute with LG over intellectual property rights could materially and adversely affect this important commercial relationship. In the event we determine that we need to obtain a license from any third party, we cannot guarantee that we would be able to obtain such license on commercially reasonable terms, if at all. We may be required to develop

 

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non-infringing alternative technologies, which could be very time consuming and expensive, and there is no guarantee that we would be successful in developing such technologies. We have also been asked by content owners to stop the display or hosting of copyrighted materials by our users or ourselves through our service offerings, including notices provided to us pursuant to the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. For instance, in the recent past several major motion picture studios, record labels, television networks, and trade associations such as the Recording Industry Association of America and the Motion Picture Association of America have asked us to remove content posted by users of our website which it claims infringe its rights in such content. Among those labels who have asked us to remove content is Universal Music Group, Inc. (“UMG”), who also asserted claims of copyright infringement against us arising from the operation of Stage6, our online video community service. As a result, on September 6, 2007, we filed a lawsuit against UMG seeking a declaratory relief judgment against UMG. UMG responded by filing a lawsuit against us in the Central District of California on October 22, 2007 alleging copyright infringement and seeking monetary damages, and later sought to dismiss or transfer the lawsuit that we initially filed in the United States District Court for the Southern District of California. On February 5, 2008, the Court in the Southern District of California granted UMG’s motion to dismiss the Company’s lawsuit. At this time the parties are waiting for the Court to decide on the Company’s currently pending motion to dismiss UMG’s action in the Central District. Moreover, content providers may claim that we are contributorily or vicariously liable for third parties’ use of our technology or service offerings to infringe the content providers’ copyrights. Users of our services are subject to terms of use that prohibit the posting of content that violates third party intellectual property rights. We have and will promptly respond to legitimate takedown notices or complaints, including but not limited to those submitted pursuant to the Digital Millennium Copyright Act, notifying us that we are providing unauthorized access to copyrighted content by removing such content and/or any links to such content from our websites. Nevertheless, we cannot guarantee that our prompt removal of content, including removal pursuant to the provisions of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act, will prevent disputes with content providers, that infringing content will not exist on our services, or that we will be able to resolve any disputes that may arise with content providers or users regarding such infringing content. Any intellectual property claims, with or without merit, could be time-consuming, expensive to litigate or settle and could divert management resources and attention. An adverse determination could require that we pay damages, block access to certain content, or stop using technologies found to be in violation of a third party’s rights, and could prevent us from offering our technologies, products or certain content to others. To avoid these restrictions, we may be required to seek a license for the technology or content from additional third parties. Such licenses may not be available on reasonable terms, could require us to pay significant royalties and may significantly increase our cost of revenues. The technologies or content also may not be available for license to us at all. As a result, we may be required to develop alternative non-infringing technologies, or license alternative content, which could require significant effort and expense. If we cannot license or develop technologies or content for any infringing aspects of our business, we may be forced to limit our technology or content offerings and may be unable to compete effectively with entities that offer such technology or content. In addition, from time to time we engage in disputes regarding the licensing of our intellectual property rights, including matters related to our royalty rates and other terms of our licensing arrangements. These types of disputes can be asserted by our licensees or prospective licensees or by other third parties as part of negotiations with us or in private actions seeking monetary damages or injunctive relief. Any disputes with our licensees or potential licensees or other third parties could harm our reputation and expose us to additional costs and other liabilities.

We may be unable to adequately protect the proprietary rights in our technologies and products.

We have only two issued patents in the United States and one issued patent in foreign jurisdictions, along with exclusive rights to one additional United States patent, and we generally do not rely upon patents to protect our proprietary rights. In addition, our ability to obtain patent protection for our technologies and products will be limited as a result of the incorporation of aspects of MPEG-4, MP3, and other standards-based technologies into our technologies and products. We license such technologies from third party licensors and do not own any patents relating to such technologies. As a result, we do not have the right to defend perceived infringements of patents relating to such technologies. Moreover, the licensors from which we have acquired the right to incorporate MPEG-4 and MP3 technologies into our products are not the exclusive owners of the patents relating

 

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to such technologies. As a result, our licensors must coordinate enforcement efforts with the owners of such patents to protect or defend against infringements of patents relating to such technology, which can be expensive, time consuming and difficult. Any significant impairment of the intellectual property rights relating to the MPEG-4 or MP3 technologies we license for use in our technologies and products could reduce the value of such technologies, which could impair our ability to compete.

Our ability to compete partly depends on the superiority, uniqueness and value of our technologies, including both internally developed technology and technology licensed from third parties. To protect our proprietary rights, we rely on a combination of trademark, patent, copyright and trade secret laws, confidentiality agreements with our employees and third parties, and protective contractual provisions. Despite our efforts to protect our intellectual property, any of the following occurrences may reduce the value of our intellectual property:

 

   

our applications for trademarks or patents may not be granted and, if granted, may be challenged or invalidated;

 

   

issued patents, copyrights and trademarks may not provide us with any competitive advantages;

 

   

our efforts to protect our intellectual property rights may not be effective in preventing misappropriation of our technology or dilution of our trademarks;

 

   

our efforts may not prevent the development and design by others of products or technologies similar to or competitive with, or superior to those that we develop; or

 

   

another party may obtain a blocking patent that would force us to either obtain a license or design around the patent to continue to offer the contested feature or service in our technologies.

Legislation may be passed that would require companies to share information about their digital rights management technology to permit interoperability with other systems. If this legislation is enacted, we may be required to reveal our proprietary digital rights management code to competitors. Furthermore, if content must be formatted such that it can be played on a media player other than a DivX Certified player, then the demand for DivX Certified players could decrease.

We may be forced to litigate to defend our intellectual property rights or to defend against claims by third parties against us relating to intellectual property rights.

Disputes regarding the ownership of technologies and rights associated with digital media technologies and online businesses are common and likely to arise in the future. We may be forced to litigate to enforce or defend our intellectual property rights, to protect our trade secrets or to determine the validity and scope of other parties’ proprietary rights. Any such litigation could be very costly and could distract our management from focusing on operating our business.

Our ability to maintain and enforce our trademark rights has a large impact on our ability to prevent third party infringement of our brand and technologies.

We generally rely on enforcing our trademark rights to prevent unauthorized use of our brand and technologies. Our ability to prevent unauthorized uses of our brand and technologies would be negatively impacted if our trademark registrations were overturned in the jurisdictions where we do business. Our brand and logo are widely used by consumers and entities, both licensed and unlicensed, in association with digital video compression technology, and if we are not vigilant in preventing unauthorized or improper use of our trademarks, then our trademarks could become generic and we would lose our ability to assert such trademarks against others. We also have trademark applications pending in a number of jurisdictions that may not ultimately be granted, or if granted, may be challenged or invalidated, in which case we would be unable to prevent unauthorized use of our brand and logo in such jurisdiction. We have not filed trademark registrations in all jurisdictions where our brand and logo are used.

 

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Some software we provide may be subject to “open source” licenses, which may restrict how we use or distribute our software or require that we release the source code of certain products subject to those licenses.

Some of the products we support and some of our proprietary technologies incorporate open source software such as open source MP3 codecs that may be subject to the Lesser Gnu Public License or other open source licenses. The Lesser Gnu Public License and other open source licenses typically require that source code subject to the license be released or made available to the public. Such open source licenses typically mandate that software developed based on source code that is subject to the open source license, or combined in specific ways with such open source software, become subject to the open source license. We take steps to ensure that proprietary software we do not wish to disclose is not combined with, or does not incorporate, open source software in ways that would require such proprietary software to be subject to an open source license. However, few courts have interpreted the Lesser Gnu Public License or other open source licenses, and the manner in which these licenses may be interpreted and enforced is therefore subject to some uncertainty. We also take steps to disclose any source code for which disclosure is required under an open source license, but it is possible that we have or will make mistakes in doing so, which could negatively impact our brand or our adoption in the community, or could expose use to additional liability. In addition, we rely on multiple software programmers to design our proprietary products and technologies. Although we take steps to ensure that our programmers do not include open source software in products and technologies we intend to keep proprietary, we do not exercise complete control over the development efforts of our programmers and we cannot be certain that our programmers have not incorporated open source software into products and technologies we intend to keep proprietary. In the event that portions of our proprietary technology are determined to be subject to an open source license, or are intentionally released under an open source license, we could be required to publicly release the relevant portions of our source code, which could reduce or eliminate our ability to commercialize our products and technologies. Also, in relying on multiple software programmers to design products and technologies that we intend, or ultimately end up releasing in the open source community, we may discover that one or multiple such programmers have included code or language that would be embarrassing to the company, which could negatively impact our brand or our adoption in the community, or could expose use to additional liability.

Risks related to the securities markets and investment in our common stock

Market volatility may affect our stock price and the value of your investment.

The market price for our common stock has been and is likely to continue to be volatile, in part because our shares have only recently been traded publicly. In addition, the market price of our common stock may fluctuate significantly in response to a number of factors, most of which we cannot control, including:

 

   

announcements of new products, services or technologies, commercial relationships or other events by us or our competitors;

 

   

regulatory developments in the United States and foreign countries;

 

   

fluctuations in stock market prices and trading volumes of similar companies;

 

   

variations in our quarterly operating results;

 

   

changes in securities analysts’ estimates of our financial performance;

 

   

changes in accounting principles;

 

   

sales of large blocks of our common stock, including sales by our executive officers, directors and significant stockholders;

 

   

additions or departures of key personnel; and

 

   

discussion of us or our stock price by the financial press and in online investor communities.

 

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Shares of our common stock are relatively illiquid.

As of February 29, 2008, we had 34,894,369 shares of common stock outstanding, excluding 89,497 shares subject to repurchase. As a result of our relatively small public float, our common stock may be less liquid than the stock of companies with broader public ownership. Among other things, trading of a relatively small volume of our common stock may have a greater impact on the trading price for our shares than would be the case if our public float were larger. We have recently announced a planned buy-back of up to $20 million of our common stock, which may impact the liquidity of our common stock.

Anti-takeover provisions in our charter documents and under Delaware law could make an acquisition of us, which may be beneficial to our stockholders, more difficult and may prevent attempts by our stockholders to replace or remove our current management.

Provisions in our certificate of incorporation and bylaws may delay or prevent an acquisition of us or a change in our management. These provisions include a classified board of directors, a prohibition on actions by written consent of our stockholders and the ability of our board of directors to issue preferred stock without stockholder approval. In addition, because we are incorporated in Delaware, we are governed by the provisions of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, which limits the ability of stockholders owning in excess of 15% of our outstanding voting stock to merge or combine with us. Although we believe these provisions collectively provide for an opportunity to obtain higher bids by requiring potential acquirors to negotiate with our board of directors, they would apply even if an offer were considered beneficial by some stockholders. In addition, these provisions may frustrate or prevent any attempts by our stockholders to replace or remove our current management by making it more difficult for stockholders to replace members of our board of directors, which is responsible for appointing the members of our management.

We do not intend to pay dividends on our common stock.

We have never declared or paid any cash dividend on our capital stock. We currently intend to retain any future earnings and do not expect to pay any dividends in the foreseeable future.

We will incur increased costs as a result of changes in laws and regulations relating to corporate governance matters.

Changes in the laws and regulations affecting public companies, including the provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and rules adopted by the SEC and by The Nasdaq Stock Market, will result in increased costs to us as we continue to evaluate the implications of these laws and respond to their requirements. The impact of these laws and regulations could also make it more difficult for us to attract and retain qualified persons to serve on our board of directors, our board committees or as executive officers. We are presently evaluating and monitoring developments with respect to these laws and regulations and cannot predict or estimate the amount or timing of additional costs we may incur to respond to their requirements.

If we fail to maintain proper and effective internal controls, our ability to produce accurate financial statements could be impaired, which could adversely affect our ability to operate our business and our stock price.

Ensuring that we have adequate internal financial and accounting controls and procedures in place to help ensure that we can produce accurate financial statements on a timely basis is a costly and time-consuming effort that needs to be re-evaluated frequently. We periodically document, review and, where appropriate, improve our internal controls and procedures for compliance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, which requires annual management assessments of the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting and a report by our independent auditors addressing these assessments. Both we and our independent auditors periodically test our internal controls in connection with the Section 404 requirements and could, as part of that documentation

 

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and testing, identify material weaknesses, significant deficiencies or other areas for further attention or improvement. Our networks are vulnerable to security risks and hacker attacks, which may affect our ability to maintain effective internal controls as contemplated by Section 404. Implementing any appropriate changes to our internal controls may require specific compliance training for our directors, officers and employees, entail substantial costs to modify our existing accounting systems, and take a significant period of time to complete. Such changes may not, however, be effective in maintaining the adequacy of our internal controls, and any failure to maintain that adequacy, or consequent inability to produce accurate financial statements on a timely basis, could increase our operating costs and could materially impair our ability to operate our business. In addition, disclosure regarding our internal controls or investors’ perceptions that our internal controls are inadequate or that we are unable to produce accurate financial statements may adversely affect our stock price.

For example, in connection with our financial statement close process and our acquisition integration efforts, we identified several control deficiencies at a company we acquired in 2007 whose operations are primarily foreign. Specifically, there were deficiencies in revenue recognition and the availability of a sufficiently trained workforce in the accounting organization. Ernst & Young LLP, in connection with their audit for the year ended December 31, 2007, also identified control deficiencies in the revenue recognition and financial statement close processes at this same acquired company. These deficiencies could rise to the level of one or more material weaknesses once the evaluation of these controls has been completed. We are in the process of implementing a number of measures to remedy these deficiencies including the addition of qualified personnel. We believe the new controls and procedures will address the deficiencies identified. The evaluation of these controls is expected to be completed subsequent to the date of this report and will be included in our report on internal control over financial reporting for the year ending December 31, 2008. We plan to continue to monitor the effectiveness of the acquired company’s controls, including the operating effectiveness of the newly implemented measures and plan to take further action, as appropriate.

Future sales of our common stock may cause our stock price to decline.

As of February 29, 2008, there were 34,894,369 shares of our common stock outstanding. Excluding 89,497 shares subject to repurchase, substantially all of these shares are eligible for sale in the public market, although as of February 29, 2008, 3,953,571 of these shares were held by directors, executive officers and other affiliates and will be subject to volume limitations under Rule 144. In addition, as of February 29, 2008 we had outstanding warrants to purchase up to 175,000 shares of common stock that, if exercised, will result in these additional shares becoming available for sale. A large portion of these shares and warrants are held by a small number of persons and investment funds. Sales by these stockholders or warrantholders of a substantial number of shares could significantly reduce the market price of our common stock. Moreover, the holders of 6,822,738 shares of common stock at February 29, 2008 have rights, subject to some conditions, to require us to file registration statements covering the shares they currently hold or to include these shares in registration statements that we may file for ourselves or other stockholders.

As of February 29, 2008, an aggregate of approximately 8,590,755 shares of our common stock were reserved for future issuance under our 2000 Stock Option Plan, or 2000 Plan, our 2006 Equity Incentive Plan, or 2006 Plan, and our 2006 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, or 2006 Purchase Plan and the share reserve under our 2006 Plan and our 2006 Purchase Plan are subject to automatic annual increases in accordance with the terms of the plans. These shares can be freely sold in the public market upon issuance. If a large number of these shares are sold in the public market, the sales could reduce the trading price of our common stock and impede our ability to raise future capital.

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments.

None.

 

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Item 2. Properties

We lease approximately 47,000 square feet of space for our headquarters in San Diego, California under an agreement that expires in March 2009. We also lease offices in Aachen, Germany, Tomsk, Russia, and in various other cities throughout the world. Further, we have executed a lease for approximately 30,000 square feet of additional space in San Diego that expires in July 2008, which we do not intend to renew. We are currently exploring alternatives to replace this space.

Item 3. Legal Proceedings

On September 6, 2007, we filed a lawsuit seeking a declaratory relief judgment against Universal Music Group, Inc. and related entities (“UMG”) in the United States District Court for the Southern District of California. In the lawsuit we alleged that UMG has asserted claims of copyright infringement against us arising from the operation of Stage6, our online video community service. We further alleged that UMG claimed that the Digital Millennium Copyright Act, including without limitation its notice-and-takedown procedures, was inapplicable to the activities of Stage6. We asked that the court declare that we are not liable to UMG for copyright infringement based upon the operation of Stage6 or in the alternative that any potential liability is barred by provisions of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. UMG responded by filing a lawsuit against us in the Central District of California on October 22, 2007 alleging copyright infringement and seeking monetary damages, and later sought to dismiss or transfer the lawsuit that we initially filed in the United States District Court for the Southern District of California. On February 5, 2008, the Court in the Southern District of California granted UMG’s motion to dismiss the Company’s lawsuit. At this time, the parties are waiting for the Court to decide on the Company’s currently pending motion to dismiss UMG’s action in the Central District. The Company believes it has meritorious defenses to UMG’s claims and will assert them vigorously, but litigation is inherently uncertain and there can be no guarantee that we will prevail or that the litigation will not have material adverse consequences for the Company; an unfavorable resolution of these proceedings could materially affect our future operating results or financial conditions in particular periods.

We are also involved in various legal proceedings from time to time arising from the normal course of business activities, including commercial, employment and other matters. In our opinion, resolution of these proceedings is not expected to have a material adverse effect on our operating results or financial condition. However, it is possible that an unfavorable resolution of one or more such proceedings could materially affect our future operating results or financial condition in a particular period.

Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders

No matters were submitted to a vote of our security holders during the fourth quarter of 2007.

 

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PART II

Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Shareholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Our common stock is listed on the Nasdaq Global Market under the symbol “DIVX”. As of February 29, 2008, there were approximately 177 shareholders of record. We believe that the number of beneficial owners is substantially greater than the number of record holders because a large portion of our common stock is held of record through brokerage firms in “street name.”

We have not paid any cash dividends on our common stock and do not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. The high and low sales prices of our common stock from September 21, 2006, the date of our initial public offering, through December 31, 2007 were as follows:

 

     Sales Prices
     High    Low

2007:

     

Fourth Quarter

   $ 18.63    $ 11.98

Third Quarter

     15.60      12.61

Second Quarter

     23.30      13.95

First Quarter

     24.24      18.64

2006:

     

Fourth Quarter

   $ 31.89    $ 20.18

Third Quarter

     25.21      16.00

The above quotations reflect inter-dealer prices, without retail markup, markdown or commission and may not necessarily represent actual transactions.

Purchases of Equity Securities by the Company

Pursuant to the terms of our 2000 Plan, options may typically be exercised prior to vesting. We have the right to repurchase unvested shares from our employees and consultants upon their termination, and it is generally our policy to do so. The following table provides information with respect to purchases made by us of shares of our common stock during the three month period ended December 31, 2007:

 

Period

   Total Number
of Shares
Purchased(1)
   Average Price
Paid per
Share
   Total Value
Paid by
Company

October 1, 2007 through October 31, 2007

   147    $ 1.86    $ 159

November 1, 2007 through November 30, 2007

   1,844      1.40      1,625

December 1, 2007 through December 31, 2007

   1,105      1.06      958

  

 

(1) All shares were originally purchased from us by employees and consultants pursuant to exercises of unvested stock options. During the months listed above, we routinely repurchased the shares from our employees and consultants upon their termination of employment pursuant to our right to repurchase unvested shares at the original exercise price under the terms of our Stock Plans and the related stock option agreements.

Stock Performance Graph

The following stock performance graph and related information shall not be deemed “soliciting material” or to be “filed” with the SEC, nor shall such information be incorporated by reference into any future filing under the Securities Act or Exchange Act, except to the extent that we specifically incorporate it by reference into such filing.

 

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The following stock performance graph compares total stockholder returns for DivX, Inc. from the date of our initial public offering through December 31, 2007 against the Russell 2000 Index and a peer group comprising DTS, Inc., Dolby Laboratories, Inc., RealNetworks, Inc., Adobe Systems Incorporated, and Google Inc., assuming a $100 investment made on September 22, 2006. Each of the two comparative measures of cumulative total return assumes reinvestment of dividends. The stock performance shown on the graph below is not necessarily indicative of future price performance.

LOGO

 

 

* $100 invested on 9/22/06 in stock or index-including reinvestment of dividends.

Fiscal year ending December 31.

Sale of Unregistered Securities

In December 2007, in connection with the execution of a format approval agreement with Sony Pictures Television, we issued warrants to purchase 100,000 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $16.14 per share that were not registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. These warrants were issued in reliance upon the exemption from registration provided in Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and/or Regulation D promulgated thereunder.

Use of Proceeds

Our initial public offering of common stock was effected through a Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-133855) that was declared effective by the SEC on September 21, 2006. The Registration Statement covered the offer and sale by us of 7,461,538 shares of our common stock, which we sold to the public on September 27, 2006 at a price of $16.00 per share. Our initial public offering resulted in aggregate proceeds to us of approximately $108.2 million, net of underwriting discounts and commissions of approximately $8.4 million and offering expenses of approximately $2.8 million.

During the quarter ended December 31, 2007, we used $20.4 million of the proceeds from our initial public offering in connection with our acquisition of all of the outstanding shares of MainConcept, $1.5 million to purchase additional property and equipment to support our ongoing operations and $3.5 million to fund the operational expenses of our Stage6 service. Such proceeds were used to make direct payments to third parties who were not our officers or directors (or their associates), persons owning ten percent or more of any class of our equity securities, or any other affiliate. The remaining $82.8 million of proceeds from our initial public offering are invested in auction rate securities, government agency and corporate debt securities and money market funds.

 

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Item 6. Selected Financial Data

The following selected financial data has been derived from our audited consolidated financial statements and the related notes. This information should be read in conjunction with Item 7—“Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” and with our consolidated financial statements and the related notes set forth at the pages indicated in Item 15(a)(1) of this Report.

 

     Fiscal Year
     2003     2004     2005    2006    2007
     (in thousands, except per share amounts)

Income Statement Data:

            

Net revenues

   $ 7,746     $ 16,351     $ 33,047    $ 59,325    $ 84,862

Gross profit

     5,846       12,849       29,391      55,337      80,383

(Loss) income from operations

     (3,643 )     (3,925 )     3,134      14,013      357

(Loss) income before income taxes

     (3,732 )     (3,970 )     3,357      17,002      8,234

Net (loss) income

     (3,933 )     (4,343 )     2,295      16,440      9,208

Net (loss) income per share(1):

            

Basic

   $ (0.90 )   $ (0.82 )   $ —      $ 0.70    $ 0.27

Diluted

   $ (0.90 )   $ (0.82 )   $ —      $ 0.61    $ 0.26

Balance Sheet Data:

            

Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments

   $ 607     $ 6,934     $ 25,035    $ 148,641    $ 141,035

Working capital (deficit)

     (3,296 )     2,147       22,348      147,019      138,410

Total assets

     2,787       13,680       33,164      164,386      200,888

Long-term debt, inclusive of current portion

     1,496       1,992       1,265      502      153

Stockholders’ equity

     (2,626 )     2,886       6,185      150,911      175,440

 

(1) See Note 1 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for an explanation of shares used in computing net income per share.

Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

You should read the following discussions and analysis of our financial condition and results of our operations in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the notes to those statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report. This discussion contains forward-looking statements reflecting our current expectations that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results and the timing of events may differ materially from those contained in these forward-looking statements due to a number of factors, including those discussed in Item 1.A—“Risk Factors,” and elsewhere in this Annual Report.

Overview

We create products and services designed to improve the experience of media. Our long-term goal is to allow creators to have the ability to capture their content in the DivX format using any device or software of their choosing and to allow consumers of such content to playback and interact with it on any device or platform.

In 2000, the first step towards our goal was to build and release a high-quality video compression-decompression software library, or codec, to enable distribution of media across the Internet and through recordable media. As a result, we created the DivX codec, which has been actively sought out and downloaded by consumers over 250 million times, including over 80 million times during the last twelve months. These downloads include those for which we receive revenue as well as free downloads, such as limited-time trial versions, and downloads provided as upgrades to existing end users of our products. After the significant grass-roots adoption of our codec, the next step towards our goal was to license similar technology to consumer hardware device manufacturers and certify their products to ensure the interoperable support of DivX-encoded content. Through December 31, 2007, over 100 million DivX Certified hardware devices have been shipped worldwide. Our

 

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customers include major consumer video hardware original equipment manufacturers. We are entitled to receive a royalty and/or license fee for DivX Certified devices that our customers ship. In addition to technology licensing to consumer hardware device manufacturers, we currently generate revenue from software licensing and related support, advertising and content distribution.

Complementing our organic growth since 2000, in November 2007, we acquired MainConcept AG (“MainConcept”), a leading provider of H.264 and other high-quality video codecs and technologies for the broadcast, film, consumer electronics and computer software markets. Through integration, we expect to realize additional opportunities both in our core markets and in related emerging markets that will help advance our long-term goal.

Our next steps, which we have begun working toward, are to bring together the millions of DivX consumers with content creators both large and small to build communities around media, including through the development and licensing of media distribution platforms and services for the Internet and consumer electronics devices. We are optimistic about the future and believe the opportunity for DivX is only beginning to be realized.

Sources of revenues

We have four revenue streams. Three of these revenue streams are derived from our technologies, including technology licensing to producers of consumer hardware devices, licensing to independent software vendors and consumers, and providing services related to digital media distribution over the Internet. Additionally, we derive revenues from advertising and distributing third-party products on our website.

Our technology licensing revenues from consumer hardware device manufacturers comprise the majority of our total revenues and are derived primarily from royalties and/or license fees received from original equipment manufacturers, although related revenues are derived from other members of the consumer hardware device supply chain. We license our technologies to original equipment manufacturers, allowing them to build support of DivX technologies into their consumer hardware devices. In the majority of cases, original equipment manufacturers pay us a per unit fee for each DivX Certified device they sell. Our license agreements with original equipment manufacturers typically range from one to two years, and may include the payment of initial fees, volume-based royalties and minimum guaranteed volume levels. To ensure high-quality support of the DivX media format in finished consumer products, we also license our technologies to companies who create the major components in consumer hardware devices. These companies include integrated circuit manufacturers who supply integrated circuits, and original design manufacturers who create reference designs, for DVD players, digital still cameras and the other consumer hardware devices distributed by our licensee original equipment manufacturers. Because royalties are generated by the shipment volumes of our consumer hardware device customers, and because sales by consumer hardware device manufacturers are highly seasonal, we expect revenues relating to consumer hardware devices to be highly seasonal, with our second quarter revenues in any given calendar year being generally lower than any other quarter in that calendar year.

We license our technologies to independent software vendors that incorporate our technologies into software applications for computers and other consumer hardware devices. An independent software vendor typically pays us an initial license fee, in addition to per-unit royalties based on the number of products sold that include our technology. We also license our technologies directly to consumers through several software bundles. We make certain software bundles available free of charge from our website. These bundles incorporate a version of our codec technology, and allow consumers to play and create content in the DivX format. We also make available from our website an enhanced version of our free software bundles, including additional features that increase the quality and control of DivX media playback and creation. These enhanced versions are available free of charge for a limited trial period, which is generally 15 days. At the end of the trial period, our users are invited to purchase a license to one or more components of the enhanced bundle by making a one time payment to us. If they choose not to do so, they still enjoy playback and creation functionality equivalent to our free software bundle. We believe that downloads of this software benefit our business both directly and indirectly. Our business benefits directly from increased revenues when the user downloads a for-pay version. Our business

 

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benefits indirectly when free or trial versions are downloaded, as we believe such downloads increase our installed base and therefore the demand for consumer hardware devices that contain our technologies.

We derive revenue from advertisements or third party software applications that we embed in or include with the software packages we offer to consumers. For example, through most of 2007, we had agreed with Google to include and distribute the Mozilla Firefox Browser and certain Google software products with our software products. Google paid us fees based on the number of downloads or activations of the included software by consumers. This agreement expired on November 30, 2007. Payments earned under the Google agreement accounted for approximately 15%, 18% and 17% of our total net revenue in fiscal years 2005, 2006 and 2007, respectively.

Beginning in November 2007, we switched from distribution of the Google software, to instead include and distribute a co-branded Yahoo! toolbar and Internet Explorer browser with our software products. Yahoo! pays us fees based on the number of certain distributions or installations of the Yahoo! software by consumers. Yahoo! may terminate the agreement, or the revenue we derive for such periods will be reduced, if we fail to achieve certain minimum distribution volumes or certain minimum installations of the Yahoo! software for specific periods described in the agreement. This agreement expires on December 31, 2009, and Yahoo! is under no obligation to renew this agreement.

We derive revenue by acting as an application service provider for third party owners of digital video content. We provide encoding, content storage and distribution services to these third parties in exchange for a percentage of the revenue they receive from sales of digital content to consumers. We also derive revenues by encoding third-party content into the DivX format to allow such content to be delivered more efficiently via the Internet. Revenues for digital media distribution and other services have declined slightly for each of the last three years. In the third quarter of 2006, we reported our first instance of revenue related to content distribution arrangements with consumer hardware OEMs who pay us a fee for each copy of DivX-encoded content that is encoded on physical media and bundled with their consumer hardware products. If our content licensing arrangements with consumer hardware OEMs or our online video community services are successful, our digital media distribution revenues may increase in future periods.

A small number of customers account for a significant percentage of our revenues. In 2007, Google and LG Electronics accounted for 19% and 10%, respectively, of our revenues. In 2006, Google and LG Electronics accounted for 20% and 10%, respectively, of our revenues. In 2005, Google and Philips accounted for 15% and 13%, respectively, of our revenues.

We are a global company with a broad, geographically diverse market presence. We have offices in six countries, and our hardware and software products are distributed in over 150 countries and territories. We have historically generated a substantial amount of our revenues from international sales, which have grown to represent an increasingly large percentage of our overall revenues. For the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, our revenues outside North America comprised 77%, 76% and 78%, respectively, of our total revenues. A large portion of our total revenues come from licensing our technologies to consumer hardware device manufacturers, most of whom are located outside of North America.

Cost of revenues

Our cost of revenues consists primarily of license fees payable to providers of intellectual property that is included in our technologies. Generally, royalties are due to our third-party intellectual property providers based on when certain of our products are sold, subject to contractually agreed-upon limits. To a much lesser extent, cost of revenues also includes depreciation on certain computing equipment and related software, the compensation of related employees, Internet connectivity costs, third-party payment processing fees and allocable overhead. Although this may not be the case in the future, and although we have experienced some variability to our cost of revenue structure in the past, in general our costs of revenues have not been highly variable with revenue volumes. As a result, we generally expect our overall gross margins to fluctuate with revenues.

 

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Selling, general and administrative

The majority of selling, general and administrative expenses consists of employee compensation costs. Selling, general and administrative expense also includes marketing expenses, business travel costs, trade show costs, outside consulting fees and allocable overhead. Our headcount for selling, general, and administrative related personnel, including employees and outside contractors increased by 66 from 139 as of December 31, 2006 to 205 as of December 31, 2007, in part as a result of our acquisition of MainConcept. We intend to hire additional employees and outside contractors for our sales and marketing staff and to increase our selling and marketing budget in the future as we attempt to continue to raise awareness of our products and services.

Product development

The majority of product development expenses consist of employee compensation for personnel responsible for the development of new technologies and products. Our headcount for product development related personnel, including employees and outside contractors increased by 59 from 125 as of December 31, 2006 to 184 as of December 31, 2007. 56 of those 59 employees were added as a result of our acquisition of MainConcept on November 14, 2007. Product development expense also includes bandwidth expenses, depreciation of computer and related equipment, software license fees and allocable overhead. We expect to increase our product development expenses in absolute dollars as we continue to invest in the development of our products and services. While we expect to continue to hire additional employees to meet our business needs, if permanent employees are not available for hire, we intend to use outside contractors to fulfill our labor needs when and as required to accomplish our operating goals.

Opportunities, challenges and risks

Our technology licensing revenues from consumer hardware device manufacturers have been primarily dependent upon our licensees’ sales of DVD players that incorporate our technologies. Revenue from technology licensing to consumer hardware device manufacturers increased by 82% from 2005 to 2006, and by 41% from 2006 to 2007. We do not expect our revenue growth rates attributable to DVD player sales to remain as high as they have been in recent years as the markets for DVD players mature. Because our technologies are embedded in DVD players, our licensing revenue is subject to fluctuations based on consumer demand for these products. We actively promote the incorporation of our video compression technologies for use in other consumer products such as digital still cameras, portable media players and DVD recorders, but there is no assurance we will receive material royalties on sales of these products in the future. If sales of DVD players that incorporate our technologies do not continue to grow, or if our technologies are displaced from these devices by competing technologies, our revenue would be adversely affected.

Historically, the increases in our technology licensing revenues have been driven by increases in the volume of sales of products incorporating our technologies. However, this increase in revenues has been partially offset by declines in the per-unit royalty we derive, which has resulted from a combination of volume-based price discounts and overall pricing pressure on established technology royalties in the market. We believe that if our technology achieves market acceptance as a de facto standard, volumes will continue to increase unless and until our technology fully penetrates the market. To the extent such market acceptance and volume increases occur, we believe that average selling prices of our existing technologies will decline. We may not be able to successfully introduce newer technologies with higher average selling prices into the market to offset any such decline.

One or a small number of our licensees generally represents a significant percentage of our technology licensing revenues. For example, in the fiscal years 2006 and 2007, LG Electronics accounted for approximately 10% each year of our total net revenues. A reduction in these sales or a loss of one or more of our key licensees would adversely affect our licensing revenues.

As technologies for DVD players and other consumer hardware devices with video compression capabilities evolve, we must continue to design and deliver innovative technologies that are sought by manufacturers and

 

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consumers alike. Part of our strategy is to have our digital media technologies adopted as de facto industry standards for use in consumer hardware devices. Generally, for a technology to become an industry standard, the royalty rates must not be prohibitively costly as compared to other potential alternatives. As a result, the royalty rates we charge for our technologies will likely be lower than the royalty rates received for technologies not adopted as industry standards, and our long-term ability to raise royalty rates for our technologies could be limited by this trend.

During 2005, 2006 and 2007, a significant portion of our revenues was generated from our agreement with Google. In November of 2007, our agreement with Google expired. Revenues under the Google software distribution and promotion agreement represented approximately 15%, 18% and 17% of our total net revenues in the fiscal years 2005, 2006 and 2007, respectively. In September 2007, we entered into a two year global agreement with Yahoo! to offer consumers who download DivX video software tools a co-branded version of the Yahoo! Toolbar and Internet Explorer 7 optimized for Yahoo! Under this agreement, Yahoo! pays us fees for meeting certain monthly distribution volumes related to our offering of Yahoo! software to consumers. We anticipate that the revenues generated under the Yahoo! agreement will continue to be a significant percentage of our revenues. However, any decline in the distribution volume of our products or market saturation of Yahoo! products could result in a decrease in revenue under this agreement. If we fail to achieve certain minimum distribution commitments for specific periods described in the agreement, Yahoo! may terminate the agreement. This agreement expires on December 31, 2009 and Yahoo! is under no obligation to renew this agreement. If, upon the expiration of our agreement with Yahoo!, we fail to enter into a new agreement with Yahoo! or a similar partner on substantially the same or more favorable terms, our revenues would significantly decrease.

Beginning in the first quarter of 2006, we adopted SFAS No. 123R, Share-Based Payment, or SFAS 123R, which requires that we record stock-based compensation charges in connection with our equity compensation for employees. As a result of the recognition of additional stock based compensation expense we experienced a reduction in net income of approximately $7.4 million and $1.9 million for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively, and expect to continue to record significant additional stock-based compensation expenses in future periods, which will adversely affect our operating results.

Acquisitions

In March 2006 we acquired all of the assets of Corporate Green, a general partnership that developed an online community platform but had not commenced its principal operations and had not generated any revenue through the date of the acquisition. The total purchase price for the acquisition was valued at $659,000 and consisted of $431,000 in cash and 34,824 fully vested shares of our common stock, valued at $228,000. The entire purchase price was recorded as intangible assets and was being amortized to product development expense over their estimated useful lives of 1.25 years. Amortization of intangible assets from the Corporate Green acquisition in 2007 and 2006 was $252,000 and $407,000, respectively. In addition to the purchase price, we issued the former partners of Corporate Green 69,651 restricted shares of our common stock which vested upon the occurrence of certain events. Upon the earlier of December 31, 2006, March 31, 2007 and June 30, 2007 and the occurrence of certain performance milestones, and subject, in the case of the latter two events, to continued employment with us, we paid an aggregate of $104,000, $104,000 and $31,000, respectively, in cash to the three former Corporate Green partners. At December 31, 2007, all milestones had been completed, the associated restricted shares of common stock had vested, and the milestone payments had been paid. These deferred cash payments and the restricted stock were recorded as compensation expense in the period in which they were earned.

In May 2007, we made an equity investment in deviantART, Inc., or deviantART, a private corporation that aggregates and distributes art via its web community and facilitates an open forum where artists can exhibit their artwork and build community around that art in an effort to drive commerce. Our investment consisted of $3.5 million cash for which we received certain shares of deviantART’s Series A Preferred Stock. As further consideration for our investment, we entered into an advertising and marketing agreement with deviantART. We have allocated approximately $650,000 of the investment to the advertising and marketing agreement, based on

 

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its estimated fair value, and the remaining $2.9 million is being carried as an investment. The value allocated to the advertising and marketing agreement is being amortized ratably over the period in which the services are being rendered: October 2007 through March 2009. As our ownership is less than 20%, the investment has been accounted for using the cost basis, and will periodically be reviewed for impairment. The investment and the long-term portion of the advertising and marketing agreement are included in other assets on the consolidated balance sheet. The current portion of the advertising and marketing agreement is included in prepaid expenses on the consolidated balance sheets.

In July 2007, we acquired all of the assets of Veatros, L.L.C., or Veatros, a limited liability company engaged in real-time digital video processing for the purposes of producing enhanced video search and discovery services. At the time of acquisition, the operations of Veatros had been wound down and no development projects were in-process. The acquisition was accounted for as an acquisition of assets in accordance with Emerging Issues Task Force Issue No. 98-3, Determining Whether a Nonmonetary Transaction Involves Receipt of Productive Assets or of a Business. The total purchase price for the acquisition is up to $4.3 million comprised of an initial upfront cash payment of $2.0 million, which we made in July 2007, and subsequent cash payments up to $2.3 million upon the achievement of certain technology related milestones. We did not acquire any tangible assets or assume any liabilities as a result of the acquisition. We allocated the initial cash payment of $2.0 million, along with the first two milestones of $1.0 million, and $31,000 of acquisition related costs, for total purchase consideration of approximately $3.0 million to the one identifiable intangible asset, a patented technology license. The asset is being amortized over the remaining life of the patented technology license, approximately 8 years. In July 2007, subsequent to the asset purchase, our board of directors approved a plan to separate our Stage6 operations into a separate private entity, and in 2008 Stage6 was shut down. As a significant portion of the benefit from the acquired patented technology license was originally ascribed to Stage6 future activities, we evaluated the intangible asset for impairment as of December 31, 2007 in accordance with Statement of SFAS No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets based on the projected benefits solely attributable to our core consumer electronics business. Based on our revised forecasts excluding the Stage6 future activities and discounting the cash flows attributable to our core consumer electronics business, we concluded that the carrying amount of the asset was not fully recoverable and an impairment charge of approximately $3.0 million was recorded in 2007 in the consolidated statements of income, as the acquired patented technology license was considered to have a recoverable value of approximately $60,000.

In November 2007, we acquired MainConcept, a German-based provider of audio and video codec technology. In exchange for all outstanding shares of MainConcept’s capital stock, we paid approximately $22.6 million. The total purchase price, including acquisition costs of $200,000, was $16.4 million in cash, 88,940 shares of our common stock, which were valued at approximately $1.6 million as of the date of the transaction, and outstanding loans extended to MainConcept by one of its shareholders that we also purchased for an aggregate of approximately $4.4 million. The purchase price included approximately $3.0 million of net tangible liabilities assumed at acquisition. The excess of the purchase price over the fair value of identifiable net tangible liabilities acquired amounted to $25.6 million, of which $14.6 million was preliminarily allocated to identifiable intangible assets and $11.0 million was preliminarily allocated to goodwill. The identifiable intangible assets will be amortized over the remaining useful lives of two to seven years. The acquisition was not considered material to our financial position at the date of acquisition. In addition, the purchase agreement provides for additional payments of up to approximately $5.6 million upon the achievement by MainConcept of certain product development goals and certain financial milestones during 2008. If additional payments are made, the consideration will be recorded as additional purchase price and allocated to goodwill.

Critical accounting policies

This discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based on our financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, or U.S. GAAP. The preparation of these financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires us to use accounting policies and make certain estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingencies as of the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts

 

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of revenue and expenses during a fiscal period. We consider an accounting policy to be critical if it is important to our financial condition and results of operations, and if it requires significant judgment and estimates on the part of management in its application. We have discussed the selection and development of the critical accounting policies with the audit committee of our board of directors, and the audit committee has reviewed our related disclosures. Although we believe that our judgments and estimates are appropriate and reasonable, actual results may differ from those estimates.

We believe the following to be our critical accounting policies because they are both important to the portrayal of our financial condition and results of operations and they require critical management judgments and estimates about matters that are uncertain. If actual results or events differ materially from the judgments and estimates we have employed reporting our financial positions and results, our reported financial condition and results of operation for future periods could be materially affected.

Revenue recognition

We evaluate revenue recognition for transactions to sell products and services and to license technology using the criteria set forth by the Securities Exchange Commission in Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 104, Revenue Recognition, or SAB No. 104. SAB No. 104 states that revenue is recognized when each of the following criteria is met: persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery has occurred or services have been rendered, the seller’s price to the buyer is fixed or determinable and collectibility is reasonably assured. In accordance with Emerging Issues Task Force, or EITF, Issue No. 00-21, revenue from multiple-element arrangements is allocated among separate elements based on their relative fair values, provided the elements have value on a stand-alone basis, there is objective and reliable evidence of fair value, the arrangement does not include a general right of return relative to the delivered item and delivery or performance of the undelivered item(s) is considered probable and substantially in our control. The maximum revenue recognized on a delivered element is limited to the amount that is not contingent upon the delivery of additional items.

Our licensing revenue is primarily derived from royalties and/or license fees paid to us by licensees of our intellectual property rights. Revenue in such transactions is recognized during the period in which such customers report to us the number of royalty-eligible units that they have shipped. Revenue from guaranteed minimum-royalty licenses is recognizable upon delivery of the technology license when no further obligations of the Company exist. Certain of our license agreements provide for royalties based on our estimations of the volumes of certain units consumer hardware device manufacturers are estimated to ship during a given term for which we recognize revenue over the term of the contractual agreement. In certain guaranteed minimum-royalty licenses and license agreements based on volume estimates, we enter into extended payment programs with customers. Revenue related to such extended payment programs is recognized at the earlier of when cash is received or when periodic payments become due to us. If we receive non-refundable advance payments from licensees that are allocable to future contract period or could be creditable against other obligations of the licensee to us, the recognition of the related revenue is deferred until such future period or creditable obligation lapses. Royalties and other license fees are recorded net of reserves for estimated losses, and are recognized when all revenue recognition criteria have been met. We make judgments as to whether collectibility can be reasonably assured based on the licensee’s recent payment history unless significant and persuasive evidence exists that the customer is creditworthy. In the absence of a favorable collection history or significant and persuasive evidence that the customer is creditworthy, we recognize revenue upon receipt of cash, provided that all other revenue recognition criteria have been met.

We have entered into a contractual relationship to license technology to a customer and we also obtained format approval for which we provided consideration to a related customer. In situations where we do not receive an identifiable benefit that is sufficiently separable from our customers purchase of our products or where we cannot reasonably estimate the fair value of the products or services we are purchasing, we record the consideration provided to our customers as an offset to revenues in accordance with EITF Issue No. 01-9, Accounting for Consideration Given by a Vendor to a Customer (Including a Reseller of the Vendor’s Products).

 

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We have contracts with original equipment manufacturers, original design manufacturers, integrated circuit manufacturers, independent software vendors, advertisers and content providers. Our revenue recognition policies for each of these arrangements are summarized below.

Technology licensing to original equipment manufacturers. We license our technologies to original equipment manufacturers of consumer hardware devices, and in return each original equipment manufacturer typically pays us a royalty for each DivX Certified unit the customer ships. Royalty revenue is recognized in the period in which we receive competent evidential matter that revenue has been earned in the form of a shipment report from the customer. If we receive pre-certification license fees from a customer, recognition of this revenue is deferred in its entirety until we certify the original equipment manufacturer’s product in accordance with our certification guidelines. If we receive nonrefundable minimum commitments from a customer that are also not allocable to a future contract period, we will recognize the full amount upon billing if collectibility is assured based on recent payment history, but only if we have no further obligation to provide post-contract support. If we have future support obligations pertaining to minimum commitment agreements, we recognize licensing fees ratably over the length of the agreement because vendor-specific objective evidence does not exist for the unlimited upgrades and support included in the contract.

Technology licensing to integrated circuit manufacturers. We license our technologies to integrated circuit manufacturers and provide support and unlimited upgrades during the contract term so they can incorporate our technologies into the chips they manufacture for consumer hardware devices. The initial license fee is deferred in total until we certify the integrated circuit manufacturer’s product in accordance with our certification guidelines. Because vendor-specific objective evidence does not exist for the service elements, after certification, we recognize the license fee ratably over the remaining length of the associated contract, which is typically two to three years.

Technology licensing to original design manufacturers. We license our technology to original design manufacturer customers and partners who manufacture devices such as DVD players, portable media players and digital still cameras. Recognition of the related licensing fees is deferred in total until we certify the original design manufacturer’s product in accordance with our certification guidelines, after which we have no further performance obligation.

Technology licensing for software to independent software vendors. We license our technologies for resale to independent software vendors and in return the software vendor pays us a royalty for each unit shipped that incorporates our technologies. Revenue is recognized in the period in which we receive competent evidential matter that revenue has been earned in the form of a shipment report from the customer. In addition, in some cases we receive an initial license fee for our software and agree to provide post-contract upgrades and support. In these cases, we recognize revenues ratably over the length of the contract, as vendor-specific objective evidence typically does not exist for the upgrades and support period implied by the contract.

Technology licensing for software to consumers. We license our technologies to consumers via our website for a fixed fee per download. The license includes upgrades and support until such time as a new pay version becomes available, which is generally referred to as a ‘‘left-of-decimal’’ upgrade. Payment is made online with a credit card via a third-party payment service provider, who in turn remits aggregate payments to us on a monthly basis. We recognize these revenues ratably over the period ending at the next expected left-of-decimal upgrade, which is typically 24 to 36 months from the time of the last upgrade, as vendor-specific objective evidence typically does not exist for the upgrades and support under such licensing agreements.

Advertising and third-party product distribution. We are paid by third-party software companies for distributing their software when such software is downloaded or installed via our website, typically within our own software download products. The related distribution fees are recognized based on the number of downloads and activations. We recognize these fees upon receiving competent evidential documentation from our reporting systems.

 

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Digital media distribution services. We make available our online video delivery system to content customers in return for a revenue share of the download-for-rental revenue generated by the content provider customer using our delivery system. The content partner delivers a video-on-demand movie through its website using our Open Video System. The end customer purchasing such content must pay by credit card before being allowed to download the movie. We earn a certain percentage of each sale based on a pre-negotiated revenue share with the content-provider customer. Revenue is recognized monthly based on sales reports, net of any returns or charge backs as reconciled by us and the content-provider customer.

Encoding services. We encode the content of certain customers into the DivX format and charge these customers for this service. In some cases revenue is recognized in full after the encoding service is performed if the customer agrees to provide a deposit in full. In other cases revenue is recognized and invoiced based on a calculation of value per unit of DivX-encoded content that is downloaded from a content provider’s site.

We record revenue net of allowances for uncollectible sales. Revenue is recorded net of allowances for uncollectible sales. We continually monitor customer payment performance and maintain a reserve for estimated amounts that may be uncollectible. In determining our reserve, we evaluate the collectibility of our accounts receivable based upon a variety of factors. Generally, in cases where the customer is new and has an undemonstrated ability to pay, we delay recognition of the revenue until such time as the new customer has paid unless significant and persuasive evidence exists that the customer is creditworthy. In cases where we are aware of circumstances that may impair a specific customer’s ability to meet its financial obligations, despite the customer’s payment history, we record a specific allowance against amounts due and thereby reduce the net recognized receivable to the amount reasonably believed to be collectible. For all other customers, we recognize allowances for uncollectible sales based on our actual historical write-off experience in conjunction with the length of time the receivables are past due, customer creditworthiness, geographic risk and the current business environment. Actual future losses from uncollectible accounts may differ from our estimates and may materially affect our consolidated statements of income and our financial condition.

Accounting for income taxes

In preparing our financial statements we are required to make estimates and judgments that affect our accounting for income taxes. This process includes estimating current tax exposure together with assessing temporary differences resulting from differing treatment of items for tax- and financial-accounting purposes. These differences, including differences in the timing of recognition of stock-based compensation expense, result in deferred tax assets and liabilities. We also assess the likelihood that our deferred tax assets will be recovered from future taxable income and, to the extent we believe recovery to be more-likely-than-not, we have established a valuation allowance. Significant judgment is required in determining the provision for income taxes, deferred tax assets and liabilities and any valuation allowance against our net deferred tax assets. Our financial position and results of operations may be materially impacted if actual results significantly differ from these estimates or the estimates are adjusted in future periods.

We adopted FASB Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109, or FIN 48, on January 1, 2007. FIN 48 clarifies the accounting for uncertain income tax positions recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements in accordance with Statement SFAS No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes.” It provides that a company should use a more-likely-than-not recognition threshold based on the technical merits of the income tax position taken. Income tax positions that meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold should be measured in order to determine the tax benefit to be recognized in the financial statements. As a result of adoption of FIN 48, we recorded a tax liability of $2.4 million related to research and development credits and a reduction in retained earnings of the same amount for certain research and development credits that the Company could not conclude it was more likely than not that the benefits would be realized. During the fourth quarter of 2007, we finalized our Section 382/383 limitation analysis and completed our documentation process to support our research and development credits previously reserved under the adoption of FIN 48. After we completed the documentation process, we determined that it was

 

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more likely than not that approximately $1.7 million of the tax benefits for the research and development credits should be recognized and accordingly, we recorded a reduction to our reserve of $1.7 million and a corresponding decrease in current income tax expense during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2007.

Stock-based compensation

Prior to January 1, 2006, we accounted for employee stock-based compensation in accordance with the provisions of Accounting Principles Board Opinion 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, or APB 25, and Financial Accounting Standards Board Interpretation, or FIN No. 44, Accounting for Certain Transactions Involving Stock Compensation—an Interpretation of APB 25, and complied with the disclosure provisions of SFAS 123, Accounting for Stock Based Compensation, and related SFAS No. 148, Accounting for Stock-Based CompensationTransaction and Disclosure. Under APB 25, compensation expense is based on the difference, if any, on the date of the grant, between the fair value of our stock and the exercise price of the option. We amortized deferred stock-based compensation using the straight-line method over the vesting period.

For non-employees, we account for stock-based compensation in accordance with EITF Issue No. 96-18, Accounting Recognition for Equity Instruments That are Issued to Other Than Employees for Acquiring, or in Conjunction with Selling, Goods for Services. Equity instruments awarded to non-employees are periodically remeasured as the underlying awards vest unless the instruments are fully vested, immediately exercisable and nonforfeitable on date of grant.

Prior to our initial public offering in September 2006, we granted stock options to purchase common stock to employees with exercise prices equal to the value of the underlying stock, as determined by the board of directors on the date the equity award was granted. Our board of directors had determined the fair value of the our common stock based on several factors, including but not limited to, historical and projected financial results, the risks we faced at the time, the preferences of our preferred stockholders and the lack of liquidity of our common stock.

In 2006, we adopted SFAS No. 123R, Share-Based Payment, or SFAS 123R, which requires all share-based payments to employees, including grants of employee stock options, to be recognized in the financial statements as compensation expense over the vesting period based on their grant date fair values and does not allow the previously permitted pro forma disclosure-only method as an alternative to financial statement recognition. SFAS 123R supersedes APB 25 and related interpretations and amends SFAS No. 95, Statement of Cash Flows. We adopted SFAS 123R effective January 1, 2006, prospectively for new equity awards issued subsequent to January 1, 2006. As we utilized the minimum value method prior to January 1, 2006, pursuant to SFAS 123R we will continue to recognize compensation expense relating to unvested awards issued prior to January 1, 2006 using APB 25 which is the same accounting principle originally applied to those awards.

In connection with the adoption of SFAS 123R, we reviewed and updated, among other things, our forfeiture rate, expected term and volatility assumptions. The weighted average expected lives of the options for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2007 reflects the application of the simplified method set out in SAB No. 107 Share Based Payments, or SAB 107, which was issued in March 2005. The simplified method defines the life as the average of the contractual term of the options and the weighted average vesting period for all option tranches. Estimated volatility for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2007 also reflects the application of SAB 107 interpretive guidance and, accordingly, incorporates historical volatility of similar entities whose share price are publicly available. The fair value of each option grant is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes method.

As of December 31, 2007, we had unrecognized compensation of approximately $403,000 related to stock option grants made prior to December 31, 2005. In addition, based on stock options granted after January 1, 2006, as of December 31, 2007 we had unrecognized stock-based compensation of approximately $32 million, determined in accordance with SFAS No. 123(R). Based on options outstanding as of December 31, 2007, we expect to

 

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recognize a total of approximately $10 million of stock-based compensation expense during 2008. We expect to continue to grant stock options in the future, and to the extent we do, our actual stock-based compensation expense recognized in future periods will likely increase.

As of December 31, 2007, we had outstanding vested options to purchase 1.0 million shares of our common stock and unvested options to purchase 3.2 million shares of our common stock with an intrinsic value of approximately $6.9 million and $3.4 million, respectively, based on our closing market price on December 31, 2007 of $14.00.

Goodwill and Purchased Intangible Assets

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired in a business combination. Intangible assets resulting from the acquisitions of entities accounted for using the purchase method of accounting are recorded at the estimated fair value of the assets acquired. Identifiable intangible assets are comprised of purchased customer relationships, trademarks and trade names, developed technologies and other intangible assets. Identifiable intangible assets are amortized using the straight-line method over estimated useful lives ranging from two to eight years. In accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards, or SFAS, No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, goodwill and other intangible assets with indefinite lives are not amortized but tested annually for impairment or more frequently if we believe indicators of impairment exist. The performance of the impairment test involves a two-step process. The first step involves comparing the fair values of the applicable reporting units with their aggregate carrying values, including goodwill. If the carrying value of a reporting unit exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value, we perform the second step of the test to determine the amount of impairment loss. The second step involves measuring the impairment by comparing the implied fair values of the affected reporting unit’s goodwill and intangible assets with the respective carrying values.

Long-lived assets, such as intangible assets, are evaluated for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable in accordance with SFAS No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets. We assesses the value of the assets based on the future cash flows the assets are expected to generate, and recognizes an impairment loss when the estimated undiscounted future cash flows that are expected to result from the use of the assets, plus net proceeds expected from disposition of the assets (if any), are less than the carrying value of the assets. When an impairment is identified, we reduce the carrying amount of the assets to estimated fair value based on a discounted cash flow approach or, when available and appropriate, comparable market values.

 

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Results of Operations

The following table presents our results of operations as a percentage of total net revenues for the years indicated:

 

     Year ended December 31,  
     2005     2006     2007  

Net revenues:

      

Technology licensing

   82 %   80 %   78 %

Media and other distribution and services

   18     20     22  
                  

Total net revenues

   100     100     100  
                  

Total cost of revenues

   11     7     5  
                  

Gross margin

   89     93     95  

Operating expenses:

      

Selling, general and administrative(1)

   48     44     69  

Product development(1)

   31     26     22  

Impairment of acquired intangibles

   —       —       3  
                  

Total operating expenses

   79     70     94  
                  

Income from operations

   10     23     1  

Interest income

   1     5     9  

Interest expense and other

   —       —       —    
                  

Income before income taxes

   11     28     10  

Income tax provision (benefit)

   3     1     (1 )
                  

Net income

   8 %   27 %   11 %
                  

 

(1)    Includes stock-based compensation as follows:

      

Cost of revenues

   —       —       —   %

Selling, general and administrative

   1     3     12  

Product development

   —       1     2  

 

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The following table summarizes and analyzes the net revenues we earned on each of our revenue streams for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007, in absolute dollars (in thousands) and as a percentage of total net revenues:

 

     Year ended
December 31,
   2005-2006
Change
    Year ended
December 31,
2007
   2006-2007
Change
 
     2005    2006    $     %        $     %  

Net revenues:

                 

Technology licensing

      

Consumer hardware devices

   $ 23,361    $ 42,470    $ 19,109     82 %   $ 59,952    $ 17,482     41 %

% of total net revenues

     71%      72%          70%     

Software

     3,558      4,854      1,296     36       6,393      1,539     32  

% of total net revenues

     11%      8%          8%     
                                                 

Total technology licensing

     26,919      47,324      20,405     76       66,345      19,021     40  
                                                 

% of total net revenues

     82%      80%          78%     

Advertising and third-party
product distribution

     4,964      10,877      5,913     119       17,972      7,095     65  

% of total net revenues

     15%      18%          21%     

Digital media distribution and
related services

     1,164      1,124      (40 )   (3 )     545      (579 )   (52 )

% of total net revenues

     3%      2%          1%     
                                                 

Total net revenues

   $ 33,047    $ 59,325    $ 26,278     80 %   $ 84,862    $ 25,537     43 %
                                                 

Technology licensing—consumer hardware devices: The $17.5 million, or 41%, increase in revenues from technology licensing to consumer hardware device manufacturers from year ended December 31, 2006 compared to the same period in 2007, resulted primarily from an increase in net royalty revenues associated with shipped-unit volumes of devices reported to us by our licensee partners. In addition, $3.0 million in technology licensing revenues were recognized during the year ended December 31, 2007, that had been deferred under minimum volume commitment arrangements. These arrangements included certain average pricing levels based on the customer achieving certain minimum volumes. Any remaining deferred revenue was recognized upon the lapse of each minimum volume commitment period.

The $19.1 million, or 82%, increase in revenues from technology licensing to consumer hardware device manufacturers from 2005 to 2006 resulted primarily from an increase in net royalty revenues due to an increase in reported units shipped by our licensees of their consumer hardware devices that incorporate our technologies, principally attributable to the worldwide growth in sales of DVD players that incorporate our technologies.

Technology licensing—software: The $1.5 million, or 32%, increase in software licensing revenues from the year ended December 31, 2006 compared to the same period in 2007 resulted primarily from an increase of approximately $1.2 million of royalty revenue received from Google in 2007 as compared to 2006 for use of our technology. This revenue is associated with revenues generated from a two-year contract that expired during November of 2007. The balance of the increase is due to an increase in revenues from software products sold directly to consumers.

The $1.3 million, or 36%, net increase in software licensing revenue from 2005 to 2006 resulted primarily from a $1.1 million increase in royalties from independent software vendors. This increase was primarily driven by $850,000 of royalty revenue from Google for use of certain of our technology. The balance of the increase is from revenues related to sales of our software products directly to consumers.

Advertising and third-party product distribution: The $7.1 million, or 65%, increase in advertising and third-party product distribution revenue from 2006 to 2007 resulted primarily from an increase in revenues associated

 

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with our distribution of Google’s software under our software distribution and promotion agreement with Google. This agreement was amended in December 2006 which increased the monthly commitments and fees, which resulted in additional revenue in 2007 compared to 2006.

Beginning in November 2007, we switched from distribution of the Google software, to instead including and distributing a co-branded Yahoo! toolbar and Internet Explorer browser with our software products under agreement with Yahoo!. Pursuant to the agreement, Yahoo! pays us fees based on the number of certain distributions or installations of the Yahoo! software by consumers. Yahoo! may terminate the agreement, or the revenue we derive for such periods will be reduced, if we fail to achieve certain minimum distribution volumes or certain minimum installations of the Yahoo! software for specific periods described in the agreement. This agreement expires on December 31, 2009, and Yahoo! is under no obligation to renew this agreement. Revenues generated under this agreement in 2007 were $3.5 million which also contributed to the increase in advertising and third-party product distribution revenue in 2007 compared to 2006.

The $5.9 million, or 119%, increase in advertising and third-party product distribution revenue from 2005 to 2006 resulted from an increase in our distribution of software under our software distribution and promotion agreement with Google.

Digital media distribution and related services: The $579,000, or 52%, decrease in digital media distribution and related services revenues from 2006 to 2007, reflects a decrease of approximately $300,000 in revenues from the licensing of content to consumer hardware OEM’s and a decrease in sales by our Open Video System customers and in encoding revenues.

The $40,000, or 3%, decrease in digital media distribution and related services revenues from 2005 to 2006, reflect decreases in sales by our Open Video System customers and in encoding revenues. The decreases were offset by $355,000 in revenue related to the licensing of content to consumer hardware OEMs.

The following table shows the gross profit earned on each of our revenue streams for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007, in absolute dollars (in thousands) and as a percentage of related revenues:

 

     Year ended
December 31,
   2005-2006
Change
    Year ended
December 31,

2007
   2006-2007
Change
 
     2005    2006    $     %        $     %  

Gross profit:

                 

Technology licensing

   $ 24,152    $ 44,329    $ 20,177     84 %   $ 62,567    $ 18,238     41 %

Gross margin %

     90%      94%          94%     

Advertising and third-party distribution

     4,875      10,752      5,877     121       17,799      7,047     66  

Gross margin %

     98%      99%          99%     

Digital media distribution and related services

     364      256      (108 )   (30 )     17      (239 )   (93 )

Gross margin %

     31%      23%          3%     
                                                 

Total gross profit

   $ 29,391    $ 55,337    $ 25,946     88 %   $ 80,383    $ 25,046     45 %
                                                 

Gross margin %

     89%      93%          95%     

Technology licensing: The increase in overall gross margin, in terms of absolute dollars, across all periods presented was due primarily to increased royalties from technology licensing to consumer hardware device manufacturers without a corresponding increase in royalty expenses due to our licensors.

Advertising and third-party product distribution: Our cost of advertising and product distribution revenue has remained relatively fixed as a percentage of such revenue because the cost of bandwidth associated with product downloads is directly proportional to the volume of downloads.

 

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Digital media distribution and related services: Our digital media distribution and related services gross margin has continued to decrease due to diminished revenues over a relatively fixed cost base.

The following table summarizes and analyzes our operating expenses for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007, in absolute dollars (in thousands) and as a percentage of total net revenues:

 

     Year ended
December 31,
   2005-2006
Change
    Year ended
December 31,
2007
   2006-2007
Change
 
     2005    2006    $    %        $    %  

Operating expenses:

                   

Selling, general and administrative

   $ 15,988    $ 25,971    $ 9,983    62 %   $ 58,315    $ 32,344    125 %

% of total net revenues

     48%      44%           69%      

Product development

     10,269      15,353      5,084    50       18,738      3,385    22  

% of total net revenues

     31%      26%           22%      

Impairment of acquired intangibles

     —        —        —      —         2,973      2,973    100  

% of total net revenues

     0%      0%           3%      
                                               

Total operating expenses

   $ 26,257    $ 41,324    $ 15,067    57 %   $ 80,026    $ 38,702    94 %
                                               

Selling, general and administrative: The $32.3 million, or 125%, increase in selling, general and administrative expenses from 2006 to 2007 was principally due to a $17.4 million increase in costs resulting from increased average headcount, predominantly in the sales and marketing functions. Costs associated with these headcount increases were comprised of salaries and benefits, performance based compensation, stock-based compensation, travel costs and recruiting fees. In addition, we experienced a $6.3 million increase in internet connectivity related costs primarily associated with our online video community service, Stage6, a $2.9 million increase in professional services, particularly legal and accounting services associated with being a publicly traded company and compliance with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, an increase in depreciation expense of $1.4 million, an increase in facility overhead costs of approximately $1.2 million and a $1.3 million increase in marketing costs, particularly tradeshow, advertising and content and branding expenses, and approximately $900,000 of patent royalty expense.

The $10.0 million, or 62%, increase in selling, general and administrative expenses from 2005 to 2006 was principally due to a $4.9 million increase in payroll and benefit costs resulting from a $372,000 increase in selling, general and administrative employee headcount from 96 for 2005 to 134 for 2006 and an increase in sales performance based compensation, a $1.5 million increase in professional services, particularly accounting, legal and marketing services, a $1.3 million increase in stock-based compensation expense primarily due to our adoption of SFAS 123(R), a $1.0 million increase in marketing costs, particularly tradeshow and retail marketing expenses, a $445,000 increase in travel costs principally related to our sales functions and a $172,000 in insurance costs primarily related to operating as a public company.

Product development: The $3.4 million, or 22%, increase in product development expense from 2006 to 2007 was principally due to a $2.0 million increase in payroll and benefit costs due to an increase in product development employee average headcount from 119 for 2006 to 128 for 2007, and a $1.2 million increase in stock-based compensation expense primarily due to additional stock option grants.

The $5.1 million, or 50%, increase in product development expense from 2005 to 2006 was principally due to a $3.9 million increase in payroll and benefit costs due to an increase in product development employee average headcount from 78 for 2005 to 119 for 2006, a $681,000 increase in stock-based compensation expense primarily due to our adoption of SFAS 123R, a $407,000 increase in depreciation and amortization principally due to our acquisition of Corporate Green, a $224,000 increase in bandwidth costs and a $154,000 increase in recruiting costs. These increases were partially offset by a $660,000 decrease in outside contractor expense related to product development initiatives.

 

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Interest income, net: We recorded net interest income of $7.9 million for 2007 compared to $3.0 million for 2006. This increase is reflective of higher average cash balances, which principally resulted from proceeds from the sale of shares of our common stock in our initial public offering in September 2006, as well as an increase in the average yields realized on our cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments.

We recorded net interest income of $3.0 million for 2006 compared to $223,000 for 2005. This increase is reflective of higher average cash balances, which during the first three quarters of 2006 have principally resulted from positive cash flow from operations. The higher cash balance in the last quarter of 2006 was principally the result of the proceeds from the sale of shares of our common stock in our initial public offering.

Income tax expense: We recorded an income tax benefit of approximately $1.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2007. The income tax benefit recorded during 2007 was primarily due to the removal of a reserve on our U.S. deferred tax assets related to our net operating loss (NOL) carryforwards and certain research and development credits of approximately $1.8 million, a reduction in our FIN 48 liability of approximately $1.7 million related to the removal of our reserve for research and development credits established as a result of the implementation of FIN 48, and a reduction in the valuation allowance related to our foreign tax credits of approximately $1.1 million. During 2007, we recorded an income tax benefit of approximately $1.8 million as a result of the completion of our Section 382/383 limitation analysis and the completion of a research and development credit study related to our NOL carryforwards and certain research and development credits. In addition, based on the weight of available evidence, including cumulative profitability in recent years, we determined that it was more likely than not that a portion of our U.S. deferred tax assets would be realized and, as of December 31, 2007, eliminated $1.1 million of our valuation allowance associated with our U.S. deferred tax assets. The elimination of our valuation allowance resulted in a $1.1 million benefit recognized as a non-cash increase in earnings for the year ended December 31, 2007. After we completed our research and development credit documentation process, we determined that it was more likely than not that approximately $1.7 million of the FIN 48 liability should be reversed and we recorded a reduction to our FIN 48 accrual of $1.7 million and a corresponding decrease in current income tax expense. The effective tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2007 was approximately 46%, excluding the tax benefits described above. The difference between the federal and state statutory combined rate of 40% and our effective tax rate for 2007 is due to the impact of accounting for share-based compensation related to certain share-based awards, and MainConcept acquisition costs, which are treated as permanent differences, In addition, the Company recorded a valuation allowance against the deferred tax asset generated by MainConcept due to the uncertainty of the Company’s ability to utilize this asset.

In accordance with Statement No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes, (“Statement No. 109”), net deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance if, based on all the available evidence, it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. A valuation allowance of approximately $300,000 and $1.1 million was provided on deferred tax assets at December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The amount of deferred tax assets considered realizable was determined based on (i) taxable income in prior carry back years; (ii) future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences (i.e. offset gross deferred tax assets against gross deferred tax liabilities); (iii) tax planning strategies; and (iv) future taxable income, exclusive of reversing temporary differences and carryforwards.

As of December 31, 2006, we reversed a valuation allowance on our U.S. deferred tax assets totaling approximately $7.7 million. Based on the nature of the underlying deferred tax assets, the reversal of the valuation allowance resulted in a net income tax benefit of $7.7 million. This reversal is the result of our recent sustained history of operating profitability and the determination by management that the future realization of the net deferred tax assets was judged to be more likely than not. We exercise significant judgment relating to the projection of future taxable income to determine the recoverability of any tax assets recorded on the balance sheet. If judgments regarding recoverability of deferred tax assets are not accurate, we could be required to record additional reserves against deferred tax assets in future periods. As a result of our elimination of valuation allowance associated with U.S. deferred tax assets, our effective tax rate in subsequent periods is likely to more closely resemble the applicable federal and state statutory rates.

 

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The remaining valuation allowance of approximately $1.4 million at December 31, 2007 is primarily provided for foreign NOL carryforwards that we believe are more likely than not to expire before we can use them.

Liquidity and capital resources

From our inception through the end of 2005, we financed our operations primarily through private sales of preferred stock totaling $38.4 million and the use of commercially available credit facilities. In 2005 and 2006 we began to generate cash from operations. During 2006, we raised $108.2 million net of offering costs in connection with our initial public offering. Our financial position included cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments of $148.6 million and $141.0 million at December 31, 2006 and 2007, respectively. We believe our cash, cash equivalents, short-term investments and potential cash flows from operations will be sufficient to satisfy our financial obligations through the next 12 months. In the future, we may acquire complementary businesses or technologies or license complementary technologies from third parties, and we may determine to raise additional capital through future debt or equity financing to the extent we believe necessary to successfully complete these acquisitions or licenses. However, additional financing may not be available to us on favorable terms, if at all, at the time we make such determinations, which could have a material adverse affect on our ability to maintain or improve our liquidity and cash position in the future.

At December 31, 2007, our holdings of auction rate securities aggregated approximately $17.7 million and were included in short-term investments in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Our auction rate securities have interest rates that reset every 27 to 34 days. Through March 11, 2008, we had 13 issues fail at auction with a par value of $20.2 million. We believe the auction rate securities are not currently impaired as the underlying assets are substantially backed by the federal government. We have the ability to hold these auction rate debt securities until maturity. Based on our ability to access our cash and other short-term investments, our expected operating cash flows and other sources of cash, we do not anticipate the lack of liquidity on these investments to affect our ability to operate our business as usual.

During 2002 we entered into a loan and security agreement with Silicon Valley Bank consisting of a $10.0 million revolving line of credit for working capital purposes and up to $2.0 million to finance eligible equipment whereby we could receive term loans, due in 30 to 48 monthly installments. In 2007, this loan and security agreement has expired and all remaining obligations were repaid during 2007. As of December 31, 2006, approximately $400,000 was outstanding under this agreement. At December 31, 2006, interest was payable at Silicon Valley Bank’s prime rate minus 1.0%. The interest rate was 7.25% at December 31, 2006.

In conjunction with the acquisition of MainConcept, we assumed an overdraft facility and a bank loan for $37,000 and $47,000, respectively, as of December 31, 2007. The overdraft facility bears interest at a rate of approximately 12% per annum and is payable upon demand. The bank loan is payable over a period of two years ending in September 2009 and bears interest at a rate of 4.75% per annum.

The following table presents data regarding our liquidity and capital resources as of December 31, 2006 and 2007 (in thousands):

 

     December 31,
     2006    2007

Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments

   $ 148,641    $ 141,035

Working capital

     147,019      138,410

Total assets

     164,386      200,888

Total debt

     502      153

 

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The following table presents our cash flows from operating activities, investing activities and financing activities for the years 2005, 2006 and 2007 (in thousands):

 

     Years ended December 31,  
     2005     2006     2007  

Cash provided by operating activities

   $ 2,190     $ 16,775     $ 16,874  

Cash used in investing activities

     (885 )     (64,206 )     (91,238 )

Cash provided by financing activities

     16,796       108,706       2,586  
                        

Total increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

   $ 18,101     $ 61,275     $ (71,778 )
                        

Cash provided by operating activities: The $16.9 million of cash provided by operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2007 was primarily due to $9.2 million in net income, $8.4 million in net non-cash operating expenses and cash of $800,000 used in changes in operating assets and liabilities. Non-cash operating expenses reflected in net income include $11.8 million for stock-based compensation, $3.0 million for the impairment of acquired intangible assets, and $2.4 million in depreciation and amortization, offset by a $5.8 million increase in deferred tax assets, amortization of discount on short-term investments of $2.1 million, and $800,000 of tax benefit from stock options exercised. Changes in operating assets and liabilities were primarily attributable to increases in prepaid expenses and other assets of $3.4 million, an increase in accounts receivable of $2.9 million, and an increase in income taxes payable (receivable) of $900,000, offset by an increase in accrued liabilities and compensation and benefits of $2.9 million, an increase in deferred revenue of $2.8 million and an increase in accounts payable of $800,000.

The $16.8 million of cash provided by operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2006 was primarily due net income of $16.4 million, depreciation and amortization of $1.6 million, stock-based compensation of $2.4 million and a decrease in deferred revenue balances of $1.5 million, partially offset by negative changes in other working capital accounts of $2.8 million and the deferred tax benefit of $2.3 million.

Cash used in investing activities: Cash flows from investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2007 were primarily driven by purchases of available-for-sale securities of $61.9 million, net of sales, cash paid for the acquisition of MainConcept AG of $20.4 million, $3.5 million of cash paid for the investment in deviantART and $2.3 million of cash paid for the assets of Veatros. Capital expenditures were $3.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, an increase of $1.8 million from 2006 primarily due to the purchases of computer hardware and software to support the growth of our company.

The $64.2 million of cash used in investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2006 was primarily for the purchase of short-term investments and the purchase of property and equipment to support the growth of our company, including $351,000 for the acquisition of Corporate Green.

Cash provided by financing activities: The $2.6 million of net cash provided by financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2007 was primarily due to the net proceeds from the issuance of $3.0 million of our common stock and warrants and an excess tax benefit of $800,000, both principally due to the exercise of stock options and employee stock purchase plan participation, partially offset by approximately $700,000 of payments on our debt and capital lease obligations, and $500,000 of costs related to our initial public offering.

The $108.7 million of net cash provided by financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2006 was primarily due to the net proceeds from the issuance of $111.8 million of our common stock, principally in our initial public offering, partially offset by $2.4 million of costs related to our initial public offering, and $700,000 of payments on our debt obligations.

 

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Contractual obligations

Our contractual obligations at December 31, 2007, were as follows (in thousands):

 

     Payments due by period
     Total    Less than
1 year
   1-3
years
   3-5
years
   More than
5 years

Capital lease obligations

   $ 74    $ 42    $ 32    $ —      $ —  

Operating lease obligations

     1,569      1,193      284      92      —  

Purchase obligations

     15,327      4,706      4,621      4,000      2,000
                                  

Total contractual obligations

   $ 16,970    $ 5,941    $ 4,937    $ 4,092    $ 2,000
                                  

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

At December 31, 2007 and 2006, we did not have any relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, such as entities often referred to as structured finance or special purpose entities, which would have been established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements or other contractually narrow or limited purposes.

Recently issued accounting standards

In December 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 141 (Revised 2007) (SFAS 141R), “Business Combinations”. SFAS 141R will change the accounting for business combinations. Under SFAS 141R, an acquiring entity will be required to recognize all the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a transaction at the acquisition-date fair value with limited exceptions. SFAS 141R will change the accounting treatment and disclosure for certain specific items in a business combination. SFAS 141R applies prospectively to business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008. SFAS 141R will have an impact on accounting for business combinations once adopted but the effect is dependent upon acquisitions at that time.

In December 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 160 (SFAS 160), “Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements—An Amendment of ARB No. 51”. SFAS 160 establishes new accounting and reporting standards for the non-controlling interest in a subsidiary and for the deconsolidation of a subsidiary. SFAS 160 is effective for fiscal years beginning on or after December 15, 2008. We are currently evaluating the impact of SFAS No. 160 on our consolidated results of operations and financial position.

In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities, or SFAS 159. SFAS 159 provides companies with an option to report selected financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value. Unrealized gains and losses on items for which the fair value option has been elected are reported in earnings at each subsequent reporting date. SFAS 159 is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. We are currently evaluating the impact, if any, of the provisions of SFAS 159.

In September 2006, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards, or SFAS, No. 157, Fair Value Measurements, or SFAS 157. SFAS 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. The provisions of SFAS 157 are effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. We are currently evaluating the impact, if any, of the provisions of SFAS 157.

 

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Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Market risk represents the risk of loss that may impact our financial position, results of operations or cash flows due to adverse changes in financial and commodity market prices and rates. We are exposed to market risk primarily in the area of changes in United States interest rates. These exposures are directly related to our normal operating and funding activities. We do not have any material foreign currency or other derivative financial instruments.

Interest rate risk. All of our fixed income investments are classified as available-for-sale and therefore reported on the balance sheet at market value. The fair value of our cash equivalents and investments are subject to change as a result of changes in market interest rates and investment risk related to the issuers’ credit worthiness. We do not utilize financial contracts to manage our exposure in our investment portfolio to changes in interest rates. At December 31, 2007, we had $141.0 million in cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments, all of which are stated at fair value. Changes in market interest rates would not be expected to have a material impact on the fair value of $14.5 million of our cash and cash equivalents at December 31, 2007, as these consisted of securities with maturities of less than three months. A 100 basis point increase or decrease in interest rates would, however, decrease or increase, respectively, the remaining $126.5 million of our investments by approximately $1.3 million. While changes in interest rates may affect the fair value of our investment portfolio, any gains or losses will not be recognized in our consolidated statements of income until the investment is sold or if the reduction in fair value was determined to be other than temporary.

Our long-term capital lease obligations bear interest at fixed rates and therefore we do not have significant market risk exposure with respect to these obligations.

Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

Our consolidated financial statements and supplementary data required by this item are set forth at the pages indicated in Item 15(a)(1) and 15(a)(2), respectively.

Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

Not applicable

Item 9A. Controls and Procedures

We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, as appropriate, to allow for timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and management is required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.

As required by SEC Rule 13a-15(b), we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report. Based on the foregoing, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level.

There has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting during our most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

 

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Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

The management of DivX, Inc. is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act. Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the framework set forth in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on our evaluation under the framework set forth in Internal Control—Integrated Framework, our management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2007. The effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007 has been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report which is included herein.

Management’s assessment of and conclusion on the effectiveness of internal controls over financial reporting did not include the internal controls of the recent acquisition of MainConcept AG, which was acquired in the fourth quarter of 2007 and which was included in the 2007 consolidated financial statements of DivX, Inc. and consisted of $1.9 million and $100,000 of total and net assets, respectively, as of December 31, 2007 and $100,000 and $1.3 million of net revenues and net loss, respectively, for the year then ended.

 

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Report of Ernst & Young LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Board of Directors and Shareholders

DivX, Inc.

We have audited DivX, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the COSO criteria). DivX, Inc.’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

As indicated in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting, management’s assessment of and conclusion on the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting did not include the internal controls of MainConcept AG, which is included in the 2007 consolidated financial statements of DivX, Inc. and constituted $1.9 million and $100,000 of total and net assets, respectively, as of December 31, 2007 and $100,000 and $1.3 million of revenues and net loss, respectively, for the year then ended. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting of DivX, Inc. also did not include an evaluation of the internal control over financial reporting of MainConcept AG.

In our opinion, DivX, Inc. maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007, based on the COSO criteria.

We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2006 and 2007, and the related consolidated statements of income, redeemable convertible preferred stock and stockholders’ equity and cash flows for each of

 

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the three years in the period ended December 31, 2007 of DivX, Inc. and our report dated March 13, 2008 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

San Diego, California

March 13, 2008

Item 9B. Other Information

MPEG-4 Visual Patent Portfolio License

On October 1, 2007, we entered into an MPEG-4 Visual Patent Portfolio License Agreement with MPEG LA, L.L.C., or MPEG LA. This license agreement replaced in its entirety the MPEG-4 Visual Patent Portfolio License Agreement that we entered into with MPEG LA on May 22, 2003. Under the new license agreement with MPEG-LA, we continue to have a royalty-bearing, worldwide, non-exclusive sublicense of certain patents licensed to MPEG LA relating to MPEG-4 technology. The current version of our video codec incorporates technologies implementing a portion of the MPEG-4 video standard. The agreement will expire on December 31, 2008 unless earlier terminated. We may terminate the license agreement for any reason by providing 30 days prior written notice to MPEG LA. Upon expiration, MPEG-LA may renew the license agreement for successive five year periods by providing notice to us.

Executive Cash Bonus Plan

On March 13, 2008, our Board of Directors adopted our 2008 Executive Cash Bonus Plan or, the Plan. The Plan provides for the payment of cash bonuses to our (i) Chief Executive Officer, (ii) Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and (iii) Executive Vice President, Corporate Development and Legal upon the achievement of specific 2008 quarterly and annual revenue and earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, or EBITDA, milestones by us referred to under the Plan as “Bronze,” “Silver” or “Gold.” If we achieve the Bronze level on a quarterly or annual basis, each individual listed above will receive quarterly and/or annual bonuses in 2008 equal to up to an aggregate of 100% of base salary. If we achieve the Silver level on a quarterly or annual basis, each individual listed above will receive quarterly and/or annual bonuses in 2008 equal to up to an aggregate of 120% of base salary. If we achieve the Gold level on a quarterly or annual basis, each individual listed above will receive quarterly and/or annual bonuses in 2008 equal to up to an aggregate of 160% to 200% of base salary, depending on the exact amount of revenue received and EBITDA obtained by us in 2008.

Balance Sheet Update

The financial statements included in this report contain updated balance sheet information from that which the Company furnished on March 11, 2008. The updated information results in a decrease to the total goodwill and a corresponding decrease to the deferred tax liability as of December 31, 2007, each in the amount of $1.2 million. The updated information does not impact the previously reported earnings per share information for the year ended December 31, 2007 or for the three months ended December 31, 2007. The update resulted from the finalization of the accounting for the tax assets and liabilities associated with the MainConcept acquisition.

 

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PART III

Item 10. Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant

The information required by this item concerning our directors, compliance with Section 16 of the Exchange Act and our code of ethics that applies to our principal executive officer, principal financial officer and principal accounting officer is incorporated by reference from the information set forth in the sections under the headings “Election of Directors,” “Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance” and “Election of Directors—Information Regarding the Board of Directors and Corporate Governance” in our Definitive Proxy Statement to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission in connection with the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held in 2008 (the “2008 Proxy Statement”).

Information regarding our executive officers is set forth in Item 1— “Business” of this Annual Report under the caption “Executive Officers of the Registrant.”

We have adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics that applies to our directors and employees (including our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer and controller), and have posted the text of the policy on the “Investors” portion of our website (http://investors.divx.com/documents.cfm). In addition, we intend to promptly disclose on our website in the future (i) the nature of any amendment to the policy that applies to our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer or controller, or persons performing similar functions and (ii) the nature of any waiver, including an implicit waiver, from a provision of the policy that is granted to one of these specified individuals, the name of such person who is granted the waiver and the date of the waiver.

Item 11. Executive Compensation

The information required by this item is incorporated by reference from the information in the 2008 Proxy Statement under the heading “Compensation of Executive Officers.”

Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

The information required by this item is incorporated by reference from the information in the 2008 Proxy Statement under the headings “Equity Compensation Plan Information” and “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management.”

Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions

The information required by this item is incorporated by reference from the information in the 2008 Proxy Statement under the headings “Transactions with Related Persons” And “Election of Directors—Information Regarding the Board of Directors and Corporate Governance.”

Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services

The information required by this item is incorporated by reference from the information in the 2008 Proxy Statement under the heading “Ratification of Selection of Independent Auditors—Principal Accountant Fees and Services.”

 

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PART IV

Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

(a)(1) Financial Statements

The Consolidated Financial Statements of DivX, Inc. and Report of Ernst and Young LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm are included in a separate section of this Annual Report beginning on page F-1.

(a)(2) Financial Statement Schedules

Refer to Schedule II, Valuation and Qualifying Accounts, hereto.

Schedules not listed above have been omitted because they are not applicable or are not required or the information required to be set forth therein is included in the Consolidated Financial Statements or Notes thereto.

(a)(3) Exhibits

 

Exhibit
Number

 

Description of Document

  3.1(1)   Form of Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation as currently in effect.
  3.2(7)   Form of Amended and Restated Bylaws as amended.
  4.1(1)   Form of Common Stock Certificate.
10.1+(1)   Form of Indemnity Agreement.
10.2+(1)   2000 Stock Option Plan and Form of Stock Option Agreement thereunder.
10.3+(1)   2006 Equity Incentive Plan and Form of Stock Option Agreement thereunder.
10.4+(1)   Amended and restated offer letter dated April 12, 2006, between the Registrant and Fred Gerson.
10.5+(1)   Offer letter effective January 3, 2006, between the Registrant and Christopher McGurk.
10.6+(1)   Employment offer letter dated November 21, 2002, as amended, between the Registrant and Kevin Hell.
10.7+(1)   Employment offer letter dated April 20, 2004 between the Registrant and David J. Richter.
10.8+(1)   Letter agreement dated May 26, 2005 between the Registrant, David J. Richter and John A. Tanner.
10.9+(1)   Form of Employee Innovations and Proprietary Rights Assignment Agreement.
10.10(1)   Real Property Sub-Sublease dated July 7, 2004 between the Registrant and MP3.com.
10.11+(1)   2006 Employee Stock Purchase Plan and Form of Offering Document thereunder.
10.12+(2)   Summary of DivX, Inc. 2007 Cash Bonus Plan.
10.13+(3)   Employment offer letter dated June 6, 2007, as amended, between the Registrant and Dan L. Halvorson.
10.14+(4)   Amendment to Employment offer letter dated July 23, 2007, between the Registrant and Dan L. Halvorson.
10.15*(4)   License and Distribution Agreement dated September 27, 2007 between the Registrant and Yahoo! Inc. and its affiliates.
10.16+(4)   Amendment to Employment offer letter dated July 23, 2007, between the Registrant and Kevin Hell.
10.17+(4)   Amendment to Employment offer letter dated November 8, 2007, between the Registrant and Kevin Hell.

 

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Exhibit
Number

 

Description of Document

10.18*(5)   Share Purchase Agreement dated November 7, 2007 by and among the Registrant, DivX Holdings, Inc. and each of the shareholders of MainConcept AG.
10.19+(6)   DivX, Inc. Change in Control Severance Benefit Plan.
10.20   Form of Restricted Stock Bonus Agreement under the Registrant’s 2006 Equity Incentive Plan.
10.21   MPEG-4 Visual Patent Portfolio License dated October 1, 2007 by and between the Registrant and MPEG LA, L.L.C.
21.1   Subsidiaries of the Registrant.
23.1   Consent of Ernst & Young LLP, independent registered public accounting firm.
31.1   Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
31.2   Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(A) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
32.1   Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 and Rule 13a-14(b) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
32.2   Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 and Rule 13a-14(b) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

 

+ Indicates management contract or compensatory plan.
* The Securities and Exchange Commission has granted confidential treatment with respect to certain portions of this exhibit. Omitted portions have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).
** Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to certain portions of this exhibit. Omitted portions have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
(1) Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (No. 333-133855), originally filed on May 5, 2006.
(2) Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on May 15, 2007.
(3) Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on August 14, 2007.
(4) Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on November 14, 2007.
(5) Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on November 20, 2007.
(6) Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on December 6, 2007.
(7) Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on December 20, 2007.

(b) Exhibits

See Item 15(a)(3) above

(c) Financial Statement Schedules

See Item 15(a)(2) above.

 

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

Date: March 14, 2008

 

DIVX, INC.
By:   /S/    KEVIN HELL        
 

Kevin Hell

Chief Executive Officer

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

 

Signature

  

Title

 

Date

/S/    KEVIN HELL        

Kevin Hell

   Chief Executive Officer, Director
(Principal Executive Officer)
  March 14, 2008

/S/    DAN L. HALVORSON        

Dan L. Halvorson

   Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
  March 14, 2008

/S/    FRANK CREER        

Frank Creer

   Director   March 14, 2008

/S/    FRED GERSON        

Fred Gerson

   Director   March 14, 2008

/S/    CHRISTOPHER MCGURK        

Christopher McGurk

   Director   March 14, 2008

/S/    JERRY MURDOCK        

Jerry Murdock

   Director   March 14, 2008

/S/    JEROME VASHISHT-ROTA      

Jerome Vashisht-Rota

   Director   March 14, 2008

 

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DivX, Inc.

Index to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

Report of Ernst and Young LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

   F-2

Consolidated Balance Sheets

   F-3

Consolidated Statements of Income

   F-4

Consolidated Statements of Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock and Stockholders’ Equity

   F-5

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

   F-6

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

   F-7

Financial Statement Schedule II

   F-33

 

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REPORT OF ERNST & YOUNG LLP, INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

The Board of Directors and Stockholders

DivX, Inc.

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of DivX, Inc. as of December 31, 2006 and 2007, and the related consolidated statements of income, redeemable convertible preferred stock and stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2007. Our audits also included the financial statement schedule listed in the Index at Item 15(a)(2). These financial statements and schedule are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and schedule based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of DivX, Inc. at December 31, 2006 and 2007, and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2007, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Also, in our opinion, the related financial statement schedule, when considered in relation to the basic financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly, in all material respects the information set forth therein.

As discussed in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements, DivX, Inc. adopted FASB Interpretation No. 48 “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes—an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109,” effective January 1, 2007, and changed its method of accounting for share-based payments in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123 (revised 2004), on January 1, 2006.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), DivX, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated March 13, 2008 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

/s/ ERNSt & YOUNG LLP

San Diego, California

March 13, 2008

 

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DivX, Inc.

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(in thousands, except per share data)

 

     December 31,
     2006     2007

Assets

    

Current assets:

    

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 86,310     $ 14,532

Restricted cash

     270       —  

Short-term investments

     62,331       126,503

Accounts receivable, net of allowance of $1,424 and $1,909, at December 31, 2006 and 2007, respectively

     6,939       10,397

Income taxes receivable

     —         857

Prepaid expenses

     1,419       2,593

Deferred tax assets, current

     937       2,699

Other current assets

     615       1,868
              

Total current assets

     158,821       159,449

Property and equipment, net

     3,488       5,402

Deferred tax assets, long-term

     1,363       5,354

Purchased intangible assets, net

     —         14,261

Goodwill

     —         11,000

Other assets

     714       5,422
              

Total assets

   $ 164,386     $ 200,888
              

Liabilities and stockholders’ equity

    

Current liabilities:

    

Accounts payable

   $ 2,189     $ 2,808

Accrued liabilities

     1,038       4,574

Accrued compensation and benefits

     2,279       4,011

Accrued patent royalties

     742       1,785

Income taxes payable

     486       616

Deferred revenue, current

     4,654       7,170

Current portion of capital lease obligations

     36       38

Notes payable, current portion

     378       37
              

Total current liabilities

     11,802       21,039

Capital lease, net of current portion

     73       31

Notes payable, net of current portion

     15       47

Deferred tax liability

     —         3,119

Deferred revenue, long-term

     768       1,098

Deferred rent

     461       —  

Liability for unvested portion of early stock option exercises

     356       114
              

Total liabilities

     13,475       25,448

Commitments and contingencies

    

Stockholders’ equity

    

Preferred stock, $0.001 par value; 10,000 shares authorized at December 31, 2006 and 2007; 0 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2006 and 2007

     —         —  

Common stock, $0.001 par value; 200,000 shares authorized as of December 31, 2006 and 2007; 33,032 and 34,723 shares issued and outstanding, excluding 514 and 127 shares subject to repurchase at December 31, 2006 and 2007, respectively

     33       35

Additional paid in capital

     153,902       171,400

Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income

     (72 )     109

(Accumulated deficit) retained earnings

     (2,952 )     3,896
              

Total stockholders’ equity

     150,911       175,440
              

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

   $ 164,386     $ 200,888
              

See accompanying notes.

 

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DivX, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Income

(in thousands, except per share data)

 

     Year ended December 31,  
     2005     2006     2007  

Net revenues:

      

Technology licensing

   $ 26,919     $ 47,324     $ 66,345  

Media and other distribution and services

     6,128       12,001       18,517  
                        

Total net revenues

     33,047       59,325       84,862  

Cost of revenues:

      

Cost of technology licensing

     2,767       2,995       3,778  

Cost of media and other distribution and services(1)

     889       993       701  
                        

Total cost of revenues

     3,656       3,988       4,479  
                        

Gross profit

     29,391       55,337       80,383  

Operating expenses:

      

Selling, general and administrative(1)

     15,988       25,971       58,315  

Product development(1)

     10,269       15,353       18,738  

Impairment of acquired intangibles

     —         —         2,973  
                        

Total operating expenses

     26,257       41,324       80,026  
                        

Income from operations

     3,134       14,013       357  

Interest income

     338       3,060       7,883  

Interest expense and other

     (115 )     (71 )     (6 )
                        

Income before income taxes

     3,357       17,002       8,234  

Income tax provision (benefit)

     1,062       562       (974 )
                        

Net income

   $ 2,295     $ 16,440     $ 9,208  
                        

Basic net income per share

   $ —       $ 0.70     $ 0.27  
                        

Diluted net income per share

   $ —       $ 0.61     $ 0.26  
                        

Shares used to compute basic net income per share

     7,323       15,231       33,939  
                        

Shares used to compute diluted net income per share

     7,323       17,653       35,415  
                        

 

(1)    Includes stock-based compensation as follows:

      

Cost of revenues

   $ 1     $ 4     $ 2  

Selling, general and administrative

     261       1,528       9,761  

Product development

     141       822       1,995  

See accompanying notes.

 

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DivX, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock and Stockholders’ Equity

(in thousands)

 

     Series D
Redeemable
Convertible
Preferred Stock
    Series A
Convertible
Preferred Stock
    Series B
Convertible
Preferred Stock
    Series C
Convertible
Preferred Stock
    Common Stock   Additional
paid-in
capital
    Accumulated
other
comprehensive
(loss) income
    Deferred
stock-based
compensation
    (Accumulated
deficit)
retained
earnings
    Total
stockholders’
equity
 
     Shares     Amount     Shares     Amount     Shares     Amount     Shares     Amount     Shares   Amount          

Balance at December 31, 2004

   —       $ —       4,522     $ 5     16,483     $ 16     4,251     $ 4     5,475   $ 5   $ 25,210     $ —       $ (667 )   $ (21,687 )   $ 2,886  

Exercise of Stock Options, net of repurchases and repurchase liability for early exercises

   —         —       —         —       —         —       —         —       2,565     3     565       —         —         —         568  

Issuance of Series D redeemable convertible preferred stock for cash, net of issuance costs

   5,811       16,842     —         —       —         —       —         —       —       —       —         —         —         —         —    

Common Stock Warrants exercised

   —         —       —         —       —         —       —         —       7     —       33       —         —         —         33  

Deferred Stock-based compensation

   —         —       —         —       —         —       —         —       —       —       1,244       —         (1,244 )     —         —    

Amortization of deferred Stock-based compensation

   —         —       —         —       —         —       —         —       —       —       —         —         394       —         394  

Stock Warrants issued for services

   —         —       —         —       —         —       —         —       —       —       9       —         —         —         9  

Net Income

   —         —       —         —       —         —       —         —       —       —       —         —         —         2,295       2,295  
                                                                                                          

Balance at December 31, 2005

   5,811     $ 16,842     4,522     $ 5     16,483     $ 16     4,251     $ 4     8,047   $ 8   $ 27,061     $ —       $ (1,517 )   $ (19,392 )   $ 6,185  

Exercise of stock options, net of repurchases and repurchase liability for early exercises

   —         —       —         —       —         —       —         —       706     1     337       —         —         —         338  

Common Stock warrants exercised

   —         —       —         —       —         —       —         —       125     —       378       —         —         —         378  

Issuance of Common Stock—Corporate Green acquisition

   —         —       —         —       —         —       —         —       43     —       228       —         —         —         228  

Reverse deferred compensation upon adoption of SFAS No. 123(R)

   —         —       —         —       —         —       —         —       —       —       (1,517 )     —         1,517       —         —    

Stock-based compensation expense

   —         —       —         —       —         —       —         —       —       —       2,354       —         —         —         2,354  

Tax benefits from exercise of stock options

   —         —       —         —       —         —       —         —       —       —       60       —         —         —         60  

Issuance of Common Stock upon initial public offering, net of issuance costs

   —         —       —         —       —         —       —         —       7,462     8     108,150       —         —         —         108,158  

Series A preferred stock converted to Common Stock

   —         —       (4,522 )     (5 )   —         —       —         —       3,377     3     2       —         —         —         —    

Series B preferred stock converted to Common Stock

   —         —       —         —       (16,483 )     (16 )   —         —       8,242     8     8       —         —         —         —    

Series C preferred stock converted to Common Stock

   —         —       —         —       —         —       (4,251 )     (4 )   2,125     2     2       —         —         —         —    

Series D preferred stock converted to Common Stock

   (5,811 )     (16,842 )   —         —       —         —       —         —       2,905     3     16,839       —         —         —         16,842  

Comprehensive income (loss):

                              

Net Income

   —         —       —         —       —         —       —         —       —       —       —         —         —         16,440       16,440  

Unrealized loss on short-term investments

   —         —       —         —       —         —       —         —       —       —       —         (72 )     —         —         (72 )
                                    

Total Comprehensive Income

   —         —       —         —       —         —       —         —       —       —       —         —         —         —         16,368  
                                                                                                          

Balance at December 31, 2006

   —       $ —       —       $ —       —       $ —       —       $ —       33,032   $ 33   $ 153,902     $ (72 )   $ —       $ (2,952 )   $ 150,911  

Cumulative effect adjustment related to the adoption of FIN48

   —         —       —         —       —         —       —         —       —       —       —         —         —         (2,360 )     (2,360 )

Common Stock options exercised net of repurchases

   —         —       —         —       —         —       —         —       981     2     1,137       —         —         —         1,139  

Shares issued under employee stock purchase plan

   —         —       —         —       —         —       —         —       137     —       1,906       —         —         —         1,906  

Stock-based compensation

   —         —       —         —       —         —       —         —       —       —       11,758       —         —         —         11,758  

Tax benefit from exercise of stock options

   —         —       —         —       —         —       —         —       —       —       825       —         —         —         825  

Common Stock warrants exercised

   —         —       —         —       —         —       —         —       484     —       —         —         —         —         —    

Issuance of warrants in conjunction with Sony agreement

   —         —       —         —       —         —       —         —       —       —       304       —         —         —         304  

Issuance of Common Stock—MainConcept acquisition

   —         —       —         —       —         —       —         —       89     —       1,568       —         —         —         1,568  

Comprehensive income:

                              

Net Income

   —         —       —         —       —         —       —         —       —       —       —         —         —         9,208       9,208  

Unrealized gain on short-term investments

   —         —       —         —       —         —       —         —       —       —       —         185       —         —         185  

Unrealized loss on foreign currency translation

   —         —       —         —       —         —       —         —       —       —       —         (4 )     —         —         (4 )
                                    

Total Comprehensive Income

   —         —       —         —       —         —       —         —       —       —       —         —         —         —         9,389  
                                                                                                          

Balance at December 31, 2007

   —       $ —       —       $ —       —       $ —       —       $ —       34,723   $ 35   $ 171,400     $ 109     $ —       $ 3,896     $ 175,440  
                                                                                                          

See accompanying notes.

 

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Table of Contents

DivX, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(in thousands)

 

     Year ended December 31,  
     2005     2006     2007  

Cash flows from operating activities:

      

Net income

   $ 2,295     $ 16,440     $ 9,208  

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

      

Depreciation and amortization

     1,022       1,649       2,422  

Deferred taxes

     —         (2,300 )     (5,797 )

Impairment of acquired intangibles

     —         —         2,973  

Stock-based compensation

     403       2,354       11,758  

Amortization of discount on short-term investments

     —         (134 )     (2,097 )

Tax benefit from stock options exercised

     —         (60 )     (825 )

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

      

Accounts receivable

     (1,952 )     (2,745 )     (2,864 )

Prepaid expenses and other assets

     432       (1,786 )     (3,379 )

Accounts payable

     (755 )     476       819  

Accrued liabilities

     (232 )     61       1,158  

Accrued compensation and benefits

     591       1,017       1,732  

Deferred rent

     (121 )     (179 )     (185 )

Deferred revenue, net

     473       1,530       2,808  

Income taxes payable (receivable)

     34       452       (857 )
                        

Net cash provided by operating activities

     2,190       16,775       16,874  

Cash flows from investing activities:

      

Purchases of short-term investments

     —         (63,869 )     (209,825 )

Proceeds from sales and maturities of short-term investments

     —         1,600       147,935  

Purchase of property and equipment

     (885 )     (1,586 )     (3,467 )

Restricted cash

     —         —         270  

Cash paid in Corporate Green acquisition

     —         (351 )     —    

Net cash paid in Main Concept acquisition

     —         —         (20,401 )

Cash paid in deviant ART investment

     —         —         (3,500 )

Cash paid in Veatros acquisition

     —         —         (2,250 )
                        

Net cash used in investing activities

     (885 )     (64,206 )     (91,238 )

Cash flows from financing activities:

      

Net proceeds from issuance of preferred stock

     16,842       —         —    

Net proceeds from issuance of common stock, net of underwriting discounts and commissions

     —         111,820       —    

Proceeds from exercise of stock options and warrants

     701       —         1,137  

Proceeds from shares issued under the employee stock purchase plan

       —         1,906  

Expenses related to initial public offering

     —         (2,403 )     (467 )

Excess tax benefit from exercise of stock options

     —         60       825  

Repurchase of unvested stock

     (20 )     (8 )     (99 )

Payments on capital lease obligations

     (272 )     (42 )     (40 )

Proceeds from notes payable

     761       —         —    

Payments on notes payable

     (1,216 )     (721 )     (676 )
                        

Net cash provided by financing activities

     16,796       108,706       2,586  
                        

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

     18,101       61,275       (71,778 )

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year

     6,934       25,035       86,310  
                        

Cash and cash equivalents at end of year

   $ 25,035     $ 86,310     $ 14,532  
                        

Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing and financing activities:

      

Issuance of equity in connection with acquisition

   $ —       $ —       $ 1,568  

Issuance of warrants in connection with format approval agreement

   $ —       $ —       $ 304  
                        

Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:

      

Cash paid for income taxes

   $ 1,028     $ 2,350     $ 6,934  
                        

Cash paid for interest

   $ 115     $ 68     $ 21  
                        

See accompanying notes.

 

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Table of Contents

DivX, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

1. Organization and summary of significant accounting policies

DivX, Inc., or the Company, was incorporated in Delaware on May 16, 2000. The Company creates products and provides services designed to improve consumers’ media experience. The Company’s first product offering was a video compression-decompression software library, or codec. In addition to its codec, the Company provides consumer software, including the DivX Player application, from its website, DivX.com. The Company also licenses its technologies to consumer hardware device manufacturers and certifies their products to ensure the interoperable support of DivX-encoded content. In addition to technology licensing to consumer hardware device manufacturers, the Company currently generates revenue from software licensing, advertising, distributing third-party software and services related to digital media distribution.

Principles of consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of DivX, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Use of estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes to the financial statements. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments

Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash, money market funds and other highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less from the date of purchase.

Investments with original maturities at date of purchase greater than three months are classified as short-term investments. The Company manages its cash equivalents and short-term investments as a single portfolio of highly marketable securities, all of which are intended to be available for the Company’s current operations. As such, all of the Company’s short-term investments are classified as available-for-sale and are reported at fair value, as determined by quoted market prices, with any unrealized gains and losses, net of tax, recorded as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive loss in stockholders’ equity. The cost of securities sold is based on the specific identification method. Investments in auction rate securities are recorded, in short-term investments, at cost, which approximates fair value due to their variable interest rates, which typically reset every 27 to 34 days, and, despite the long-term nature of their stated contractual maturities, the Company had the ability to quickly liquidate these securities as of December 31, 2007.

Strategic Investments

The Company made an equity investment in deviantART, Inc., or deviantART, a private corporation that aggregates and distributes art via its web community and facilitates an open forum where artists can exhibit their artwork and build community around that art in an effort to drive commerce. The Company’s investment consisted of $3.5 million cash for which it received 146,750 shares of Series A Preferred Stock. As further consideration for the Company’s investment, deviantART entered into an advertising and marketing agreement with the Company. The Company has allocated approximately $650,000 of the investment to the advertising and marketing agreement, based on its estimated fair value, and the remaining $2.9 million is carried as an investment. The value allocated to the advertising and marketing agreement is being amortized ratably over the period in which the services are being rendered: October 2007 through March 2009. As the Company’s

 

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Table of Contents

DivX, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

 

ownership is less than 20%, the investment has been accounted for using the cost basis, and will periodically be reviewed for impairment. The investment and the long-term portion of the advertising and marketing agreement are included in other assets on the consolidated balance sheets. The current portion of the advertising and marketing agreement is included in prepaid expenses on the consolidated balance sheets.

Investments in equity securities of non-publicly traded companies are accounted for under the cost method. Under the cost method, strategic investments in which the Company holds less than a 20% voting interest and does not have the ability to exercise significant influence are carried at the lower of cost or fair value. This investment is included in other assets on the consolidated balance sheets and are carried at fair value or cost, as appropriate. The Company periodically reviews this investment for other-than-temporary declines in fair value based on the specific identification method and would write down the investments to its fair values if an other-than-temporary decline has occurred. No such impairment has occurred to date.

Goodwill and Purchased Intangible Assets

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired in a business combination. Intangible assets resulting from the acquisitions of entities accounted for using the purchase method of accounting are recorded at the estimated fair value of the assets acquired. Identifiable intangible assets are comprised of purchased customer relationships, trademarks and trade names, developed technologies and other intangible assets. Identifiable intangible assets are amortized using the straight-line method over estimated useful lives ranging from two to eight years. In accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards, or SFAS, No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, goodwill and other intangible assets with indefinite lives are not amortized but tested annually for impairment or more frequently if the Company believes indicators of impairment exist. The performance of the impairment test involves a two-step process. The first step involves comparing the fair values of the applicable reporting units with their aggregate carrying values, including goodwill. If the carrying value of a reporting unit exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value, the Company performs the second step of the test to determine the amount of impairment loss. The second step involves measuring the impairment by comparing the implied fair values of the affected reporting unit’s goodwill and intangible assets with the respective carrying values.

Long-lived assets, such as intangible assets, are evaluated for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable in accordance with SFAS No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets. The Company assesses the value of the assets based on the future cash flows the assets are expected to generate, and recognizes an impairment loss when the estimated undiscounted future cash flows that are expected to result from the use of the assets, plus net proceeds expected from disposition of the assets (if any), are less than the carrying value of the assets. When an impairment is identified, the Company reduces the carrying amount of the assets to estimated fair value based on a discounted cash flow approach or, when available and appropriate, comparable market values. During 2007, as a result of the Company’s decision to shut down its Stage6 operations and the related originally anticipated reliance of the planned revenue to be generated from Stage6, the Company recorded an impairment of a patented technology license in the amount of approximately $3.0 million.

In December 2007, the Company executed a format approval fee agreement with Sony Pictures Television, or SPT. This agreement provides for SPT to allow online retailers to offer SPT’s titles for secure download in the DivX format for playback on DivX Certified consumer electronics devices. The total consideration paid by the Company to SPT was a one-time non-refundable fee of $1.5 million and fully vested warrants to purchase 100,000 shares of the common stock of DivX with a strike price of $16.14 and an exercise period of 18 months. The value of these warrants at the date of issuance was approximately $300,000. The total consideration of

 

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Table of Contents

DivX, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

 

$1.8 million was capitalized as an intangible asset and is being recorded against revenues generated from Sony Corporation over the estimated useful life of the format fee approval agreement, which is estimated to be five years.

Contingent Consideration

In connection with certain of our acquisitions, additional cash consideration will be paid to the former holders of capital stock and other rights upon satisfaction of certain future performance goals. In accordance with SFAS No. 141, Business Combinations, or SFAS 141, contingent consideration is recorded when a contingency is satisfied and additional consideration is issued or becomes issuable. In accordance with EITF Issue No. 95-8, Accounting for Contingent Consideration Paid to the Shareholders of an Acquired Enterprise in a Purchase Business Combination, the additional consideration issuable to holders of unrestricted common stock and fully vested options as of the acquisition date is recorded as additional purchase price, as the consideration is unrelated to any employment requirement with the Company. If additional consideration is recorded, such amount will be allocated to goodwill.

Property and equipment

Long-lived assets, consisting primarily of office and computer equipment, are recorded at cost. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the shorter of the useful lives of the assets or the remaining associated lease terms, which are three to seven years.

Concentration of credit risk

A small number of customers account for a significant percentage of the Company’s net revenues as follows:

 

     Year ended December, 31  

Year ended December 31,

   2005     2006     2007  

Google, Inc.

   15 %   20 %   19 %

LG Electronics Inc.

   *     10     10  

Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.

   13     *     *  

 

* Less than 10% of net revenue.

As the Company does not ship inventory, credit terms are generally provided given consideration to the small financial commitment of the Company’s resources to any customer transaction. A cash deposit is generally not required.

Accounts receivable and allowance for uncollectible sales and accounts

The Company has reflected in its balance sheets, on a net basis, amounts invoiced to customers that are unpaid when the associated revenue is unearned. The amount of unearned revenue that has been offset against the related accounts receivable totaled approximately $3.9 million and $3.1 million at December 31, 2006 and 2007, respectively.

The Company maintains a reserve for estimated uncollectible sales and accounts. The Company estimates the allowance for uncollectible sales and accounts based on its historical experience. In evaluating the adequacy of this reserve the Company considers the length of time the receivables are past due, specific customer

 

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Table of Contents

DivX, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

 

creditworthiness, geographic risk, the current business environment and historical discrepancies in business volume reports received from customers. In cases where the customer is new and has an undemonstrated ability to pay, the Company delays recognition of the revenue until such time as the new customer has paid unless significant and persuasive evidence exists that the customer is creditworthy.

Actual future write-offs may differ from the allowances the Company has estimated, which may have a material effect on the Company’s future results of operations and financial condition.

Fair value of financial instruments

Financial instruments, including cash equivalents, accounts receivable, net of applicable allowances, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, are carried at cost, which management believes approximates fair value because of the short-term maturity of these instruments.

Deferred rent

Rent expense on noncancellable leases containing known future scheduled rent increases are recorded on a straight-line basis over the term of the respective leases beginning when the Company takes possession of the leased property. The difference between rent expense and rent paid is accounted for as deferred rent. Landlord construction allowances and other such lease incentives are recorded as deferred rent and are amortized on a straight-line basis as a reduction to rent expense.

Foreign currency translation

The functional currency of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries is generally their respective local currency. Assets and liabilities are translated into U.S. dollars at the rate of exchange existing at the balance sheet date. Income statement amounts are translated at the average exchange rates for the period. Translation gains and losses are included as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Foreign currency transaction gains and (losses) are included in the consolidated statements of income, principally in other income (expense).

Revenue recognition

The Company evaluates revenue recognition for transactions to sell products and services and to license technology using the criteria set forth by the Securities Exchange Commission in Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 104, Revenue Recognition, or SAB No. 104. SAB No. 104 states that revenue is recognized when each of the following criteria is met: persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery has occurred or services have been rendered, the seller’s price to the buyer is fixed or determinable and collectibility is reasonably assured. In accordance with Emerging Issues Task Force, or EITF, Issue No. 00-21, revenue from multiple-element arrangements is allocated among separate elements based on their relative fair values, provided the elements have value on a stand-alone basis, there is objective and reliable evidence of fair value, the arrangement does not include a general right of return relative to the delivered item and delivery or performance of the undelivered item(s) is considered probable and substantially in the Company’s control. The maximum revenue recognized on a delivered element is limited to the amount that is not contingent upon the delivery of additional items.

The Company’s licensing revenue is primarily derived from royalties paid to the Company by licensees of the Company’s intellectual property rights. Revenue in such transactions is recognized during the period in which such customers report to the Company the number of royalty-eligible units that they have shipped. Revenue from

 

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Table of Contents

DivX, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

 

guaranteed minimum-royalty licenses is recognizable upon delivery of the technology license when no further obligations of the Company exist. Certain of the Company’s license agreements provide for royalties based on its estimations of the volumes of certain units consumer hardware device manufacturers are estimated to ship during a given term for which the Company recognizes revenue over the term of the contractual agreement. In certain guaranteed minimum-royalty licenses and license agreements based on volume estimates, the Company enters into extended payment programs with customers. In certain guaranteed minimum-royalty licenses and license agreements based on volume estimates, the Company enters into extended payment programs with customers. Revenue related to such extended payment programs is recognized at the earlier of when cash is received or when periodic payments become due to the Company. If the Company receives non-refundable advance payments from licensees that are allocable to future contract period or could be creditable against other obligations of the licensee to it, the recognition of the related revenue is deferred until such future period or creditable obligation lapses. Royalties and other license fees are recorded net of reserves for estimated losses, and are recognized when all revenue recognition criteria have been met. The Company makes judgments as to whether collectibility can be reasonably assured based on the licensee’s recent payment history unless significant and persuasive evidence exists that the customer is creditworthy. In the absence of a favorable collection history or significant and persuasive evidence that the customer is creditworthy, the Company recognizes revenue upon receipt of cash, provided that all other revenue recognition criteria have been met.

The Company has entered into a contractual relationship to license technology to a customer and the Company also obtained format approval for which it provided consideration to a related customer. In situations where the Company does not receive an identifiable benefit that is sufficiently separable from its customers purchase of its products or where it cannot reasonably estimate the fair value of the products or services it is purchasing, the Company records the consideration provided to its customers as an offset to revenues in accordance with EITF Issue No. 01-9, Accounting for Consideration Given by a Vendor to a Customer (Including a Reseller of the Vendor’s Products).

The Company recognizes revenue in connection with its software products pursuant to the requirements of Statement of Position, or SOP, No. 97-2, Software Revenue Recognition, as amended by SOP No. 98-9, Software Revenue Recognition with Respect to Certain Arrangements. For multiple element software arrangements, the Company recognizes revenue under the residual method when Company-specific objective evidence of fair value exists for all of the undelivered elements of the arrangement, but does not exist for one or more of the delivered elements in the arrangement. Under the residual method, at the outset of the arrangement with a customer, the Company defers revenue for the fair value of its undelivered elements and recognizes the revenue for the remainder of the arrangement fee attributable to the elements initially delivered, such as software licenses, when the criteria in SOP No. 97-2 have been met. If vendor specific objective evidence does not exist for an undelivered element in a software arrangement, revenue is recognized over the term of the contractual support period or, if unspecified, 24 to 36 months (depending on the estimated length of the product life cycle, which approximates the support period for the specific product), commencing upon delivery of the Company’s software to the customer. Royalty revenue from license agreements with independent software vendors, or ISVs, who embed the Company’s products into their own is recognized upon receipt of reports from licensees stating the number of products implementing the Company’s technologies on which royalties are due. In the case of prepayments received from an ISV when the Company provides ongoing support to the ISV in the form of future upgrades, enhancements or other services over the term of the arrangement, revenue is recognized ratably over the term of the contract, as vendor specific objective evidence does not exist for future support services to be provided.

So long as all of the other elements of revenue recognition are met, the Company recognizes revenues on services during the period such services are provided. The Company is paid for distributing certain third-party software when such software is downloaded or installed via the Company’s website. The related distribution fees

 

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Table of Contents

DivX, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

 

are recognized based on the number of downloads and installations. The Company is also paid by content providers and commercial content users to encode content into the DivX media format, and recognizes related revenues when such encoding services are provided. Additionally, the Company is paid service fees as a percentage of transaction revenue for electronically distributing encoded media for content providers, and recognizes related revenues in the period that third-party reports on such transactions are received by the Company.

Product development costs

The Company includes research and development costs as part of product development. The Company accounts for research and development costs in accordance with several accounting pronouncements, including SFAS No. 2, Accounting for Research and Development Costs, and SFAS No. 86, Accounting for the Costs of Computer Software to be Sold, Leased, or Otherwise Marketed. SFAS No. 86 specifies that costs incurred internally in researching and developing a computer software product should be charged to expense until technological feasibility has been established for the product. Once technological feasibility is established, all software costs should be capitalized until the product is available for general release to customers. Judgment is required in determining when technological feasibility of a product is established. The Company has determined that technological feasibility for its software products is reached shortly before the products are available for general release to customers. Through December 31, 2007, the Company has expensed all software development costs when incurred because costs incurred after technological feasibility was established and prior to commercial availability was insignificant. Additionally, the Company incurs website development costs. Such costs are accounted for in accordance with EITF Issue No. 00-2, Accounting for Web Site Development Costs, and SOP No. 98-1, Accounting for the costs of Computer Software Developed or Obtained for Internal Use. Through December 31, 2007, costs required to be capitalized, such as software acquired or built while in the web site application and infrastructure development stage has been insignificant, and as a result all related development costs have been expensed in the period incurred.

Income taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with SFAS No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes. Deferred income tax assets or liabilities are recognized based on the temporary differences between financial statement and income tax basis of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the years in which the differences are expected to reverse. Deferred income tax expenses or credits are based on the changes in the deferred income tax assets or liabilities from period to period. A valuation allowance is recorded when it is more likely than not that some of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The Company also determines its tax contingencies in accordance with SFAS No. 5, Accounting for Contingencies. The Company records estimated tax liabilities to the extent the contingencies are probable and can be reasonably estimated.

Advertising

The Company expenses advertising costs as incurred. Advertising expenses for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007, were approximately $65,000, $500,000 and $700,000, respectively.

Net income (loss) per share data

For periods where the Company had two classes of equity securities, it followed EITF Issue No. 03-6, Participating Securities and the Two-Class Method under FASB Statement 128, which established standards regarding the computation of earnings per share, or EPS, by companies that have issued securities other than common stock that contractually entitle the holder to participate in dividends and earnings of the Company. EITF Issue No. 03-6 requires earnings available to common stockholders for the period, after deduction of preferred

 

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Table of Contents

DivX, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

 

stock dividends, to be allocated between the common and preferred stockholders based on their respective rights to receive dividends. Basic EPS is then calculated by dividing income allocable to common stockholders (including the reduction for any undeclared, preferred stock dividends assuming current income for the period had been distributed) by the weighted average number of shares outstanding, net of shares subject to repurchase. EITF Issue No. 03-6 does not require the presentation of basic and diluted EPS for securities other than common stock; therefore, the following EPS amounts only pertain to the Company’s common stock.

Upon the closing of the Company’s initial public offering, all outstanding shares of preferred stock were converted to shares of common stock. Since the Company became a public company, the Company has followed SFAS No. 128, Earnings Per Share, which requires that basic EPS be calculated by dividing earnings available to common stockholders for the period by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding. Income for the periods presented was allocated between the preferred and common stockholders on a straight-line basis over the number of days of the respective periods presented.

The Company calculates diluted EPS under the if-converted method unless the conversion of the preferred stock is anti-dilutive to basic EPS. To the extent preferred stock is anti-dilutive, the Company calculates diluted EPS under the two class method.

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net income per share (in thousands, except per share amounts):

 

     Year ended December 31,
     2005     2006     2007

Numerator:

      

Net income

   $ 2,295     $ 16,440     $ 9,208

Income allocable to preferred stockholders

     (2,295 )     (5,704 )     —  
                      

Net income allocable to common stockholders

   $ —       $ 10,736     $ 9,208
                      

Denominator:

      

Weighted-average common shares outstanding (basic)

     7,323       15,231       33,939

Common equivalent shares from common and preferred stock warrants

     —         587       244

Common and equivalent shares from options to purchase common stock and unvested shares of common stock subject to repurchase

     —         1,835       1,232
                      

Weighted-average common shares outstanding (diluted)

     7,323       17,653       35,415
                      

Basic net income per share

   $ —       $ 0.70     $ 0.27
                      

Diluted net income per share

   $ —       $ 0.61     $ 0.26
                      

Potentially dilutive securities not included in the calculation of diluted net income per share because to do so would be anti-dilutive are as follows (in thousands):

 

     Year ended December 31,
     2005    2006    2007

Convertible preferred stock

   16,642    12,082    —  

Common and preferred stock warrants

   755    —      100

Options to purchase common stock

   1,698    124    3,260

Shares of common stock subject to repurchase

   580    —      —  
              

Totals

   19,675    12,206    3,360
              

 

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Table of Contents

DivX, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

 

Stock-based compensation

Prior to January 1, 2006, the Company accounted for employee stock-based compensation in accordance with Accounting Principles Board Opinion 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, or APB 25, and Financial Accounting Standards Board Interpretation, or FIN, No. 44, Accounting for Certain Transactions Involving Stock Compensationan Interpretation of APB No. 25, and complied with the disclosure provisions of SFAS 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation, and related SFAS No. 148, Accounting for Stock-Based CompensationTransaction and Disclosure. Under APB 25, compensation expense is based on the difference, if any, on the date of the grant, between the fair value of the Company’s stock and the exercise price of the option. Prior to January 1, 2006, the Company amortized deferred stock-based compensation using the straight-line method over the vesting period.

For non-employees, the Company accounts for stock-based compensation in accordance with EITF Issue No. 96-18, Accounting Recognition for Equity Instruments That are Issued to Other Than Employees for Acquiring, or in Conjunction with Selling, Goods for Services. Equity instruments awarded to non-employees are periodically remeasured as the underlying awards vest unless the instruments are fully vested, immediately exercisable and nonforfeitable on date of grant.

Prior to its initial public offering in September 2006, the Company granted stock options to purchase common stock to employees with exercise prices equal to the value of the underlying stock, as determined by the board of directors on the date the equity award was granted. The Company’s board of directors had determined the fair value of the Company’s common stock based on several factors, including but not limited to, historical and projected financial results, the risks the Company faced at the time, the preferences of the Company’s preferred stockholders and the lack of liquidity of the Company’s common stock.

In connection with the preparation of the financial statements for the Company’s initial public offering and solely for the purposes of accounting for stock-based compensation for financial statement purposes, the Company’s management reassessed the fair value of the Company’s common stock for the equity awards granted on or after October 1, 2004 (which coincided approximately with the Company’s Series C preferred stock financing) through December 31, 2005. Based upon this reassessment of the fair value of the Company’s common stock, the Company recorded deferred stock-based compensation to the extent that the reassessed value of the Company’s common stock at the date of the grant exceeded the exercise price of the equity awards. Reassessed values are inherently uncertain and highly subjective. The Company recorded deferred compensation of $1,244,000 during 2005. For stock options granted prior to September 30, 2004, no expense was recorded as management determined that the estimated fair value of the Company’s stock at the date of grant did not exceed the exercise price. Deferred stock-based compensation is being amortized on a straight-line basis over the stock option vesting period of generally four years. In 2005, the Company recognized stock-based compensation expense related to options granted to employees based on the reassessed values of the common stock underlying the stock option awards. The expense associated with the amortization of unearned stock-based compensation related to options for which we reassessed the value is classified in the Company’s consolidated statements of income as follows:

 

     Year ended December 31,
     2005    2006    2007
     (in thousands)

Total cost of revenues

   $ 1    $ 4    $ 3

Selling, general and administrative

     252      190      110

Product development

     141      262      265
                    

Total

   $ 394    $ 456    $ 378
                    

 

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Table of Contents

DivX, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

 

In 2006, the Company adopted SFAS No. 123R, Share-Based Payment, or SFAS 123R, which requires all share-based payments to employees, including grants of employee stock options, to be recognized in the financial statements as compensation expense over the vesting period based on their grant date fair values and does not allow the previously permitted pro forma disclosure-only method as an alternative to financial statement recognition. SFAS 123R supersedes APB 25 and related interpretations and amends SFAS No. 95, Statement of Cash Flows. The Company adopted SFAS 123R effective January 1, 2006, prospectively for new equity awards issued subsequent to January 1, 2006. As the Company utilized the minimum value method prior to January 1, 2006, pursuant to SFAS 123R the Company will continue to recognize compensation expense relating to unvested awards issued prior to January 1, 2006 using APB 25 which is the same accounting principle originally applied to those awards. The adoption of SFAS 123R in 2006 and 2007 resulted in the recognition of additional stock-based compensation expense and a reduction in net income of approximately $1.9 million and $7.4 million, respectively. Recording this stock compensation expense caused the Company’s basic and diluted earnings per share for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006 to be reduced by $0.12 and $0.11, respectively and for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 to be reduced by $0.22 and $0.21, respectively, net of related tax benefits.

In connection with the adoption of SFAS 123R, the Company reviewed and updated, among other things, its forfeiture rate, expected term and volatility assumptions. The weighted average expected lives of the options for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2007 reflects the application of the simplified method set out in SAB No. 107 Share Based Payments, or SAB 107, which was issued in March 2005. The simplified method defines the life as the average of the contractual term of the options and the weighted average vesting period for all option tranches. Estimated volatility for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2007 also reflects the application of SAB 107 interpretive guidance and, accordingly, incorporates historical volatility of similar entities whose share prices are publicly available. The fair value of each option grant is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes method with the following assumptions in the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2007:

 

     2006     2007  

Expected life (in years)

   6.25     6.24  

Interest rate

   5.0 %   4.6 %

Volatility

   55 %   48 %

Dividend yield

   —       —    

As of December 31, 2007, there was $33.1 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to stock options which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.66 years. The unrecognized compensation related to the acquisition of Corporate Green (which is described in more detail in Note 11) was $25,000 and will be recognized during 2008. The Company recorded cash received from the exercise of stock options of $414,000 and $1.1 million and related tax benefits of $60,000 and $825,000 during fiscal 2006 and 2007, respectively. Upon option exercise, the Company issues new shares of common stock.

The estimated weighted-average fair value of an option to purchase one share of common stock granted during 2006 and 2007 was $7.30 and $8.42, respectively. The total intrinsic value of options exercised during 2006 and 2007 was $2.3 million and $10.3 million, respectively.

2006 Employee Stock Purchase Plan

In July 2006, the Company adopted the 2006 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, or Purchase Plan. A total of 550,000 shares of common stock were initially reserved under the Purchase Plan, such number to be automatically increased on January 1 of each year, beginning with January 1, 2007, by the lesser of (i) one and one-half percent of the total number of shares outstanding or (ii) 1,500,000 of common stock, subject to

 

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Table of Contents

DivX, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

 

adjustment as provided in the Purchase Plan, for issuance and purchase by employees of the Company to assist them in acquiring a stock ownership interest in the Company and to encourage them to remain employees of the Company. The Purchase Plan is qualified under Section 423 of the Internal Revenue Code and permits eligible employees to purchase common stock at a discount through payroll deductions during specified six-month offering periods. No employee may purchase more than $25,000 worth of common stock in any calendar year.

The purchase price of common stock under the Purchase Plan shall be determined as the lesser of (i) an amount equal to eighty-five percent of the fair market value of the shares of common stock on the offering date or (ii) an amount equal to eighty-five percent of the fair market value of the shares of common stock on the last day of each six-month purchase period.

The fair value of each compensatory share purchase right is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The following assumptions were used in estimating the fair value of the purchase rights during 2006 and 2007:

 

     2006     2007  

Expected term (in years)

   0.5     0.56  

Risk-free interest rate

   5.1 %   4.2 %

Expected volatility

   39 %   41 %

Dividend yield

   —       —    

The weighted-average estimated fair value of each compensatory share purchase right issued during 2006 and 2007 was $4.29 and $5.14, respectively.

Recently issued accounting standards

In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurements, or SFAS 157, which defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. The provisions of SFAS 157 are effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. The Company is currently evaluating the impact, if any, of the provisions of SFAS 157.

In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities, or SFAS 159. SFAS 159 provides companies with an option to report selected financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value. Unrealized gains and losses on items for which the fair value option has been elected are reported in earnings at each subsequent reporting date. SFAS 159 is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. The Company is currently evaluating the impact, if any, of the provisions of SFAS 159.

In December 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 141 (Revised 2007) (SFAS 141R), “Business Combinations”. SFAS 141R will change the accounting for business combinations. Under SFAS 141R, an acquiring entity will be required to recognize all the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a transaction at the acquisition-date fair value with limited exceptions. SFAS 141R will change the accounting treatment and disclosure for certain specific items in a business combination. SFAS 141R applies prospectively to business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008. SFAS 141R will have an impact on accounting for business combinations once adopted but the effect is dependent upon acquisitions at that time.

 

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Table of Contents

DivX, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

 

In December 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 160 (SFAS 160), “Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements—An Amendment of ARB No. 51”. SFAS 160 establishes new accounting and reporting standards for the non-controlling interest in a subsidiary and for the deconsolidation of a subsidiary. SFAS 160 is effective for fiscal years beginning on or after December 15, 2008. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of SFAS No. 160 on its consolidated results of operations and financial position.

In December 2007, the SEC issued SAB No. 110, Certain Assumptions Used in Valuation Methods—Expected Term (“SAB110”). According to SAB 110, under certain circumstances the SEC staff will continue to accept beyond December 31, 2007 the use of the simplified method in developing an estimate of expected term of share options that possess certain characteristics in accordance with SFAS 123R beyond December 31, 2007. The Company will adopt SAB 110 effective January 1, 2008 and continue to use the simplified method in developing the expected term used for our valuation of stock-based compensation until sufficient historical experience exists for which the Company can determine the expected term of its options granted.

2. Short-term investments

The following tables summarize short-term investments by security type (in thousands):

 

December 31, 2007

          
     Amortized
Cost
   Gross
Unrealized
Gains
   Gross
Unrealized
Losses
    Estimated
Fair Value

Auction rate securities

   $ 17,700    $ —      $ —       $ 17,700

Commercial paper

     30,750      38      (3 )   $ 30,785

Corporate bonds

     55,885      32      (41 )   $ 55,876

Government

     22,055      87      —       $ 22,142
                            
   $ 126,390    $ 157    $ (44 )   $ 126,503
                            

December 31, 2006

          
     Amortized
Cost
   Gross
Unrealized
Gains
   Gross
Unrealized
Losses
    Estimated
Fair Value

Auction rate securities

   $ 9,800    $ —      $ —       $ 9,800

Commercial paper

     23,913      —        (23 )     23,890

Corporate bonds

     26,232      —        (43 )     26,189

Government

     2,458      —        (6 )     2,452
                            
   $ 62,403    $ —      $ (72 )   $ 62,331
                            

The following table summarizes the contractual maturities of the Company’s short-term investments (in thousands):

 

     December 31,
     2006    2007

Less than one year

   $ 43,284    $ 99,340

Due in one to five years

     9,247      9,463

Due after five years

     9,800      17,700
             
   $ 62,331    $ 126,503
             

 

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Table of Contents

DivX, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

 

Asset-backed securities have been allocated within the contractual maturities table based upon the set maturity date of the security. Realized gains and losses on short-term investments are included in interest expense and other, in the accompanying consolidated statements of income. The Company recorded no realized gains or losses on its short-term investments in 2005, 2006 or 2007.

As of December 31, 2007, the Company had no investments that have been in a continuous unrealized loss position for a period of 12 months.

At December 31, 2006 and 2007, the Company’s holdings of auction rate securities aggregated approximately $9.8 million and $17.7 million, respectively, and were included in short-term investments in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. As of December 31, 2007, the auction rate debt securities have stated maturities through 2045. Each of these securities has interest rates which typically reset every 27 to 34 days. At each auction reset, the Company has the option to hold the position, bid for a new interest rate or sell. In the event of a failed auction rate debt security, the Company may reclassify the auction rate debt security from short-term to long-term investments based on the actual maturity of the security rather than the auction reset period. In addition, if an auction fails, the Company’s investment may not be liquid. In the event the Company needs to access these funds, the Company may not be able to until a future auction on these investments is successful. If the issuer is unable to successfully close future auctions and their credit rating deteriorates, the Company may be required to adjust the carrying value of the investment through an impairment charge.

3. Financial Statement Details

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment consists of the following (in thousands):

 

     December 31,  
     2006     2007  

Computer equipment

   $ 5,215     $ 8,137  

Software

     1,039       1,339  

Leasehold improvements

     1,002       1,119  

Furniture and fixtures

     315       427  

Office equipment

     172       173  
                
     7,743       11,195  

Less accumulated depreciation and amortization

     (4,255 )     (5,793 )
                
   $ 3,488     $ 5,402  
                

Depreciation and amortization expense was $1.0 million, $1.6 million, and $1.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007.

 

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Table of Contents

DivX, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

 

Intangible Assets

Intangible assets consist of the following (in thousands):

 

     December 31,  
     2006    2007  

Definite Lives:

     

Developed technologies

   $ —      $ 11,337  

Customer lists

     —        1,400  
               
     —        12,737  

Less accumulated amortization

     —        (276 )
               
   $ —      $ 12,461  

Indefinite Life:

     

Trade name

     —        1,800  
               
   $ —      $ 14,261  
               

Amortization expense relating to intangible assets was $0 in 2005 and 2006 and $276,000 in 2007 and is included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of income.

Future estimated amortization expense over the following five-year period is as follows (in thousands):

 

2008

   $ 2,116

2009

     2,096

2010

     1,966

2011

     1,966

2012

     1,894

Thereafter

     2,423
      
   $ 12,461
      

4. Redeemable Series D convertible preferred stock and stockholders’ equity

Initial Public Offering

On September 21, 2006, the SEC declared effective the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 for its initial public offering. The Company completed the sale of 7,461,538 shares of its common stock on September 27, 2006 at a price of $16.00 per share. JP Morgan Securities Inc., Banc of America Securities LLC, Cowen and Company, LLC, Canaccord Adams Inc. and Montgomery & Co., LLC acted as the underwriters for the offering.

The aggregate purchase price of the offering, exclusive of shares sold by selling stockholders in the offering, was $119,385,000. The net offering proceeds received by the Company after deducting total estimated expenses, including the underwriters’ discount were $108,158,000. The Company incurred total estimated expenses in connection with the offering of $11,227,000, which consisted of $2,527,000 in legal, accounting and printing fees, $8,357,000 in underwriters’ discounts, fees and commissions, and $343,000 in miscellaneous expenses.

Upon closing of the Company’s initial public offering, 5,811,100 shares of outstanding redeemable convertible preferred stock, and 25,256,370 shares of outstanding convertible preferred stock, converted into 16,649,881 shares of common stock.

 

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Table of Contents

DivX, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

 

Series A, Series B, and Series C convertible preferred stock

Each share of Series A, Series B, and Series C preferred stock was convertible into 1.49, 1 and 1 shares of common stock, respectively. The Series A, Series B, and Series C preferred stock automatically converted into shares of common stock upon the closing of the Company’s initial public offering on September 21, 2006. In addition, the terms included anti-dilution provisions whereby the conversion ratio would have been adjusted due to stock splits, issuance of a stock dividend on outstanding shares of common stock or the issuance of equity securities at a consideration per share less than the conversion price in effect immediately prior to such issuance, subject to certain exceptions.

Dividends on the Series A, Series B and Series C preferred stock were non-cumulative, but if dividends were declared, each share of Series A, Series B and Series C preferred stock was entitled to $0.1125, $0.029 and $0.1859 per annum, respectively, on a pari passu basis, subject to the prior payment of stated dividends on the Series D preferred stock and prior and in preference to payment of any dividends on the common stock. Holders of the Series A, Series B and Series C preferred stock were entitled to vote together with holders of the common stock on all matters brought before holders of the common stock, and with holders of other series of preferred stock and separately as a class on certain other matters. Each share of Series A, Series B and Series C preferred stock was entitled to a number of votes equal to the number of shares of common stock issuable upon conversion.

Subject to prior payment of the liquidation preference on the Series D preferred stock and prior and in preference to the payment of any amounts in respect of common stock, (i) each share of Series A preferred stock was entitled to a liquidation preference between $0 and $1.25 per share, depending upon the aggregate liquidation value of the Company at the time of such liquidation, (ii) each share of Series B preferred stock was entitled to a liquidation preference between $0 and $0.7252 per share, depending upon the aggregate liquidation value of the Company at the time of such liquidation and (iii) each share of Series C preferred stock was entitled to a liquidation preference of $2.3232 per share. To the extent there were proceeds available for distribution in respect of the Series A, Series B and Series C preferred stock upon liquidation, such amounts would be applied first to satisfy the Series C liquidation preference in full, then to satisfy the Series B liquidation preference in full, and finally to satisfy the Series A liquidation preference in full. Proceeds on liquidation remaining after satisfaction of such preferences would be distributed ratably to the holders of common stock and preferred stock on an as-if converted basis, subject to certain limits on the aggregate amounts payable to the holders of the Series C and Series D preferred stock. A liquidation included a merger, consolidation or sale of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, subject to certain exceptions.

Redeemable Series D convertible preferred stock

Each share of Series D preferred stock was converted into one share of common stock automatically upon the closing of the Company’s initial public offering on September 21, 2006. In addition, the terms included anti-dilution provisions whereby the conversion ratio would have been adjusted due to stock splits, issuance of a stock dividend on outstanding shares of common stock or the issuance of equity securities at a consideration per share less than the conversion price in effect immediately prior to such issuance, subject to certain exceptions.

Dividends on the Series D preferred stock were non-cumulative, but if dividends were declared, each share of Series D preferred stock was entitled to $0.2337 per annum prior to and in preference to the payment of any dividends on the Series A, Series B and Series C preferred stock and the common stock. Holders of the Series D preferred stock were entitled to vote together with the holders of the common stock on all matters brought before holders of the common stock, and with holders of other series of preferred stock and separately as a class on certain other matters. Each share of Series D preferred stock was entitled to a number of votes equal to the number of shares of common stock issuable upon conversion. Each share of Series D preferred stock was entitled

 

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Table of Contents

DivX, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

 

to a liquidation preference of $2.9216 per share prior and in preference to the payment of any amounts in respect of Series A, Series B and Series C preferred stock and common stock. Proceeds on liquidation remaining after satisfaction of liquidation preferences payable on the Series A, Series B, Series C and Series D preferred stock would be distributed ratably to the holders of common stock and preferred stock on an as-if converted basis, subject to certain limits on the aggregate amounts payable to the holders of the Series C preferred stock and Series D preferred stock. A liquidation included a merger, consolidation or sale of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, subject to certain exceptions.

In accordance with Accounting Series Release 268, Redeemable Preferred Stock, in periods outstanding the Company has excluded the Redeemable Series D Convertible Preferred Stock from its caption Stockholders’ Equity because redemption was outside the control of the Company. While the shares were redeemable on or after a specified date at the option of the shareholder, the shareholder also could have converted into shares of common stock of the Company at its option and the conversion was considered substantive. As such, the Company considered the Redeemable Series D Convertible Preferred Stock contingently redeemable.

Stock options

In July 2006, the Company adopted its 2006 Equity Incentive Plan, or 2006 Plan, which became effective immediately following the closing date of the Company’s initial public offering. A total of 7,577,336 shares of common stock are reserved under the 2006 Plan as of December 31, 2007, such number is automatically increased on January 1 of each year by the lesser of (i) five percent of the total number of shares of common stock outstanding on December 31 of the previous year or (ii) 5,000,000 shares of common stock, subject to adjustments provided in the 2006 Plan, or such smaller amount of shares of common stock as the board of directors or compensation committee may designate. Generally, options granted under the 2006 Plan are exercisable for up to 10 years from the date of grant and vest over a four-year period. The Company also has a 2000 Stock Incentive Plan, or 2000 Plan. The Company has reserved 6,579,011 shares of common stock for issuance under the 2000 Plan. Generally, options granted under the 2000 Plan are exercisable for up to 10 years from the date of grant and vest over a four-year period. The 2000 Plan allows for early exercise of unvested options. The Company does not make grants from the 2000 Plan. Upon the exercise of an option prior to vesting, the Company has a right to repurchase such shares at the original exercise price to the extent that they have not vested in accordance with the related option agreement. The consideration received for the exercise of an unvested stock option granted is considered a deposit of the exercise price, and thus is a liability that is recorded by the Company. The liability associated with this potential for repurchase, and the related shares, are only reclassified into equity as the option award vests. As a result, the Company has recorded a liability of $356,000 and $114,000 as of December 31, 2006 and 2007, respectively, for the unvested portion of early stock option exercises.

 

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Table of Contents

DivX, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

 

Following is a summary of all stock option activity for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007 (in thousands, except per share amounts):

 

     Options     Weighted-average
exercise price
   Weighted Average
Remaining
Contractual Term
(in years)
   Aggregate
Intrinsic Value

Balance at December 31, 2004

   4,146     $ 0.24      

Granted

   744       1.12      

Exercised

   (2,852 )     0.23      

Canceled

   (341 )     0.48      
              

Balance at December 31, 2005

   1,697     $ 0.58      

Granted

   999       10.40      

Exercised

   (586 )     0.71      

Canceled

   (127 )     2.53      
              

Balance at December 31, 2006

   1,983     $ 5.36    7.7    $ 35,765

Granted

   4,202       16.89      

Exercised

   (683 )     1.68      

Canceled

   (1,257 )     16.73      
              

Balance at December 31, 2007

   4,245     $ 14.04    8.9    $ 10,374
              

Vested at December 31, 2007

   1,000     $ 8.70    7.4    $ 6,942
              

Vested at December 31, 2006

   898     $ 0.76    5.8    $ 20,028
              

Vested and expected to vest at December 31, 2007

   3,891     $ 13.86    8.8    $ 10,124
              

Vested and expected to vest at December 31, 2006

   1,873     $ 5.03    7.4    $ 34,365
              

Exercisable at December 31, 2007

   1,387     $ 7.72    7.6    $ 10,363
              

Exercisable at December 31, 2006

   1,756     $ 2.70    7.3    $ 35,766
              

Additional information regarding options outstanding for all plans as of December 31, 2007, is as follows (in thousands, except per share data):

 

     Options Outstanding    Options Exercisable

Range of Exercise Prices

   Number
Outstanding
   Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life (yrs.)
   Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
   Number
Exercisable
   Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price

$0.12 – 11.00

      853    6.6    $ 2.06       543    $ 1.31

$12.00 – 15.27

      972    9.5      14.26       150      13.77

$15.71 – 17.15

      1,215    9.5      16.44       201      17.13

$17.57 – 21.53

      915    9.7      18.24       41      19.43

$23.60 – 27.05

      290    8.9      25.14       65      25.76
                                    

Total

      4,245       $ 14.04       1,000    $ 8.70
                                    

 

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Table of Contents

DivX, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

 

The number of shares subject to options outstanding at December 31, 2006 and 2007 includes 452,391, and 122,887 shares at a weighted average exercise price of $0.79, and $0.93, respectively, that were unvested at December 31, 2006 and 2007.

As of December 31, 2007, 988,530 and 5,946,687 shares were available for future grant under the 2000 Plan and the 2006 Plan, respectively.

During October 2007, the Company’s former CEO, Jordan Greenhall resigned as an employee of the Company and at the same time agreed to cancel 495,000 of unvested stock options. Due to Mr. Greenhall’s continued services as a Director of the Company through December 19, 2007, which would not have required him to cancel his options, the Company treated the cancellation as a modification of the agreement and recorded a compensation charge of approximately $3.2 million to its statements of income during the fourth quarter of 2007.

Warrants

A summary of warrant activity is as follows (in thousands, except per share data):

 

     December 31,
     2005    2006    2007
     Number
of Warrants
    Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
   Number
of Warrants
    Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
   Number
of Warrants
    Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price

Outstanding, beginning of year

   785     $ 1.30    788     $ 1.35    583     $ 1.00

Granted

   10       4.64    —         —      100       16.14

Exercised

   (7 )     0.73    (205 )     2.34    (508 )     0.73
                          

Outstanding, end of year

   788     $ 1.35    583     $ 1.00    175     $ 10.46
                          

In connection with the execution of a format approval agreement in December 2007, the Company issued warrants to buy 100,000 shares of common stock to Sony Pictures Television, Inc. These warrants may be exercised at $16.14 per share at any time up to June 20, 2009. The fair value of these warrants at the date of issuance was approximately $300,000, which is being expensed over the estimated useful life of the format fee approval agreement, which is estimated to be five years.

The Company determined the value of warrants at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model based on the estimated fair value of the underlying stock, a volatility rate ranging from 42% to 100%, no dividends, a risk-free interest rate ranging from 3% to 6%, and an expected life that coincides with the maximum exercise periods of the warrants.

Shares of common stock reserved for issuance

As of December 31, 2006 and 2007, shares of common stock reserved for issuance were as follows (In thousands):

 

     December 31,
     2006    2007

Common stock options outstanding

   1,983    4,245

Common stock options available for grant

   7,005    6,935

Warrants

   583    175
         

Total common shares reserved for future issuance

   9,571    11,355
         

 

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DivX, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

 

5. Financing arrangement, excluding capital leases

The Company had a loan and security agreement consisting of a $10.0 million revolving line of credit for working capital purposes and up to $2.0 million to finance eligible equipment whereby the Company could receive term loans, due in 30 to 48 monthly installments. During 2007 these loan and security agreements expired. As of December 31, 2006 $393,000 was outstanding under the equipment term loan agreement. Interest was payable monthly at the bank’s prime rate plus 1.0%, not to go below 5.0%. The interest rate was 7.25% at December 31, 2006.

The financing arrangement was secured by any and all certificates of deposit, money market accounts, deposit accounts, investment accounts and/or other accounts held at the bank. The Company was required to adhere to various reporting and administrative covenants. As of December 31, 2006 the Company was in compliance with such covenants.

The financing arrangement was subject to events of default, including if (i) a material adverse change occurs in the Company’s financial condition, (ii) the lender believes the prospect of payment or performance of the indebtedness is impaired or (iii) the lender in good faith deems itself insecure. If an event of default occurred, all amounts due under the revolving line of credit and term loan agreement would have become due and payable.

In conjunction with the acquisition of MainConcept, the Company assumed an overdraft facility and a bank loan for $37,000 and $47,000, respectively, as of December 31, 2007. The overdraft facility bears interest at a rate of approximately 12% per annum and is payable upon demand. The bank loan is payable over a period of two years ending in September 2009 and bears interest at a rate of 4.75% per annum.

6. Commitments

Leases

The Company has multiple capital and operating leases for facilities and equipment expiring through 2009. Cost under capital leases was $1.9 million at December 31, 2006 and 2007. Accumulated amortization under capital leases was $1,800,000 and $1,836,000 at December 31, 2006 and 2007, respectively. Amortization of equipment under capital lease obligations is included in depreciation expense. Some of the leases contain renewal and purchase options. Rent expense under operating leases was $359,000, $818,000, and $1.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2006, and 2007, respectively.

Future minimum payments under capital leases and non-cancelable operating leases with initial terms of one year or more consists of the following at December 31, 2007 (in thousands):

 

     Operating
leases
   Capital
leases
 

2008

   $ 1,193    $ 42  

2009

     210      32  

2010

     74      —    

2011

     74      —    

2012

     18      —    
               

Total minimum lease payments

   $ 1,569      74  
         

Less amount representing interest

        (5 )
           

Present value of future minimum capital lease obligations

        69  

Less amount due in one year

        (38 )
           

Long-term portion of capital lease obligations

      $ 31  
           

 

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Table of Contents

DivX, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

 

In June 2004, pursuant to an office lease agreement, the Company established a $250,000 letter of credit which expires in March 2009, but automatically renews subsequent to March 2009 on a yearly basis unless the Company is notified by the lender.

In January 2007, the Company entered into a lease agreement for approximately 30,000 square feet of additional office space in San Diego that expires in July 2008. Minimum lease payments are estimated to be approximately $420,000 for 2008, respectively.

7. Contingencies

Legal Matters

The Company has been involved in intellectual property litigation that has the potential to adversely affect operating results. While the Company prevailed in such matters in the past, it may not prevail in any such matters in the future. Although the Company licenses intellectual property from a variety of sources, other owners of intellectual property rights have sent notifications to the Company indicating that they believe that the Company may be infringing on their intellectual property rights.

While the Company has filed patent applications, copyright applications and applications for trademark registrations, these applications may not result in the issuance of patents, registered copyrights or trademarks, and the Company may not be able to obtain all necessary intellectual property rights. Further, even if patents, copyrights or trademarks are granted, other parties may contest the Company’s intellectual property rights.

On September 6, 2007, the Company filed a lawsuit seeking a declaratory relief judgment against Universal Music Group, Inc. and related entities, or UMG, in the United States District Court for the Southern District of California. In the lawsuit the Company alleged that UMG has asserted claims of copyright infringement against the Company arising from the operation of Stage6, its online video community service. The Company further alleged that UMG claimed that the Digital Millennium Copyright Act, including without limitation its notice-and-takedown procedures, was inapplicable to the activities of Stage6. The Company asked that the court declare that it is not liable to UMG for copyright infringement based upon the operation of Stage6 or in the alternative that any potential liability is barred by provisions of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. UMG responded by filing a lawsuit against the Company in the Central District of California on October 22, 2007 alleging copyright infringement and seeking monetary damages, and later sought to dismiss or transfer the lawsuit that the Company initially filed in the United States District Court for the Southern District of California. On February 5, 2008, the Court in the Southern District of California granted UMG’s motion to dismiss the Company’s lawsuit. At this time, the parties are waiting for the Court to decide on the Company’s currently pending motion to dismiss UMG’s action in the Central District. The Company believes it has meritorious defenses to UMG’s claims and will assert them vigorously, but litigation is inherently uncertain and there can be no guarantee that it will prevail or that the litigation will not have material adverse consequences for the Company; an unfavorable resolution of these proceedings could materially affect our future operating results or financial conditions in particular periods.

The Company is also involved in various legal proceedings from time to time arising from the normal course of business activities, including commercial, employment and other matters. In its opinion, resolution of these proceedings is not expected to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s operating results or financial condition. However, it is possible that an unfavorable resolution of one or more such proceedings could materially affect the Company’s future operating results or financial condition in a particular period.

 

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Table of Contents

DivX, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

 

8. Income taxes

Income before income taxes for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007 is comprised of the following (in thousands):

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2005    2006    2007  

Domestic

   $ 3,357    $ 17,002    $ 9,573  

Foreign

     —        —        (1,339 )
                      
   $ 3,357    $ 17,002    $ 8,234  
                      

The components of the income tax provision were as follows:

 

     Year ended December 31,  
     2005    2006     2007  
     (in thousands)  

Current:

       

Federal

   $ —      $ 550     $ (954 )

State

     34      —         547  

Foreign

     1,028      2,312       3,400  
                       

Total current

     1,062      2,862       2,993  

Deferred

       

Federal

     —        (1,624 )     (3,361 )

State

     —        (676 )     (525 )

Foreign

     —        —         (81 )
                       

Total deferred

     —        (2,300 )     (3,967 )
                       

Total provision for income taxes

   $ 1,062    $ 562     $ (974 )
                       

The following is a reconciliation of the expected statutory federal income tax provision to the Company’s actual income tax provision:

 

Year ended December 31,

   2005     2006     2007  
     (in thousands)  

Expected income tax provision at federal statutory tax rate

   $ 1,175     $ 5,950     $ 2,882  

State income tax provision, net of federal benefit

     193       977       16  

Stock compensation

     164       472       320  

Foreign income taxes

     1,028       2,312       3,298  

Valuation allowance

     33       (7,652 )     (742 )

Tax credits

     (1,884 )     (3,211 )     (3,928 )

Reduction in reserves

     —         —         (1,744 )

Utilization of net operating loss carryforward

     —         —         (1,825 )

Other

     353       1,714       749  
                        

Income tax expense (benefit)

   $ 1,062     $ 562     $ (974 )
                        

 

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DivX, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

 

Significant components of the Company’s deferred tax assets as of December 31, 2006 and 2007, are shown below:

 

Year ended December 31,

   2006     2007  
     (in thousands)  

Deferred tax assets:

    

Net operating loss carryforwards

   $ 176     $ 2,028  

Stock based compensation

     392       2,806  

Accrued expenses

     388       1,579  

Amortization expense

     150       1,406  

Research and development and other tax credits

     1,288       —    

Allowance for uncollectible sales and accounts

     580       745  

Deferred revenue

     313       432  

Deferred rent

     188       112  

Other, net

     (107 )     415  
                

Total deferred tax assets

     3,368       9,523  

Valuation allowance for deferred tax assets

     (1,068 )     (320 )
                

Net deferred tax assets

   $ 2,300     $ 9,203  
                

Deferred tax liabilities:

    

Purchased intangible assets

     —         4,269  
                

Total deferred tax liabilities

     —         4,269  
                

Total net deferred taxes

   $ 2,300     $ 4,934  
                

At December 31, 2007, the Company had U.S. federal and California tax net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $1.5 million and $600,000, respectively. The Company also has approximately $4.9 million of foreign net operating loss carryforwards, which have a full valuation allowance as of December 21, 2007. The U.S. federal and California tax loss carryforwards will begin to expire in 2021 and 2011, respectively, unless previously utilized. The foreign net operating loss carryforwards will begin to expire in five years after the NOL’s have been utilized. During 2007 the Company recorded an income tax benefit of approximately $1.8 million as a result of the completion of the Company’s Section 382/383 limitation analysis on the Company’s deferred tax assets related to its net operating loss carryforwards and certain research and development credits. It was determined that the remaining domestic net operating loss carryforwards will be limited to the utilization of approximately $350,000 per year under Section 382.

At December 31, 2007, based on the weight of available evidence, including cumulative profitability in recent years, the Company determined that it was more likely than not that a portion of its U.S. deferred tax assets would be realized and, at December 31, 2007, eliminated $1.06 million of valuation allowance associated with its U.S. deferred tax assets. The elimination of valuation allowance resulted in $1.06 million recognized as an increase in earnings for the year ended December 31, 2007.

As a result of its acquisition of MainConcept AG during 2007 (see Note 11), the Company has recorded a deferred tax assets of approximately $1.4 million related to foreign net operating loss carryforwards. At December 31, 2007, the Company maintained a valuation allowance of $1.4 million on this deferred tax assets due to the uncertainty of the Company’s ability to utilize this asset. Upon the determination of the Company’s ability to utilize these deferred tax assets, such valuation allowance will be reversed against the income tax provision as it relates to past acquisition losses. In addition, the Company also recorded a deferred tax liability of approximately $3.1 million relating to purchased intangible assets.

 

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Table of Contents

DivX, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

 

The Company adopted FASB Interpretation No. 48 (“FIN 48”), “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109,” on January 1, 2007. FIN 48 clarifies the accounting for uncertain income tax positions recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements in accordance with Statement SFAS No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes.” It provides that a company should use a more-likely-than-not recognition threshold based on the technical merits of the income tax position taken. Income tax positions that meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold should be measured in order to determine the tax benefit to be recognized in the financial statements. As a result of adoption, the Company increased its accrual for unrecognized tax benefits by $2.4 million primarily related to research and development credits and a reduction in retained earnings of the same amount. During the fourth quarter of 2007, the Company completed its documentation process to support its research and development credits previously reserved under the adoption of FIN 48. After the Company completed the documentation process, it had determined that it was more likely than not that approximately $1.7 million of the tax benefits for the research and development tax credits should be recognized and accordingly, the Company recorded a reduction to its FIN 48 accrual of $1.7 million and a corresponding decrease in current income tax expense.

A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits is as follows (in thousands):

 

Unrecognized tax benefits balance at January 1, 2007

   $ 3,151  

Increases related to current year tax positions

     135  

Reversal of accrued unrecognized tax benefits

     (2,019 )

Decrease in unrecognized tax benefits for years prior to 2007

     (641 )

Lapse in statute of limitations

     —    
        

Unrecognized tax benefits balance at December 31, 2007

   $ 626  
        

All of the unrecognized tax benefits, if recognized, would affect the effective tax rate. The Company does not anticipate there will be a significant change in the unrecognized tax benefits within the next 12 months.

It is the Company’s practice to include interest and penalties that relate to income tax matters as a component of income tax expense. Including the cumulative effect of adopting FIN 48, $12,000 of interest and $0 of penalties were accrued as of January 1, 2007.

We file income tax returns in the U.S. and various foreign and state jurisdictions. Due to net operating loss and research and development credit carryovers from earlier years, we are subject to income tax examination by tax authorities from our inception to date.

Tax benefits of $825,000 and $60,000 for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2007, respectively, related to employee stock compensation programs were credited to stockholders’ equity.

9. Employee retirement plan

Effective January 1, 2001, the Company adopted a 401(k) defined contribution retirement plan covering all employees who have completed one month of service. Participants may contribute up to 15% of annual compensation. The Company may, at its sole discretion, match dollar for dollar up to 2% of gross wages. For the years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007, there were no matching contributions made by the Company.

 

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Table of Contents

DivX, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

 

10. Segment information and concentration of risk

Segment information

The Company’s operations are located primarily in the United States, and most of its assets are located in San Diego, California. The Company operates in one segment. Our chief operating decision-maker reviews our operating results on an aggregate basis and manages our operations as a single operating segment. Revenues are derived from product shipments to different geographies in the following manner:

 

     Year Ended December 31,
     2005    2006    2007
     (in thousands)

North America

   $ 7,406    $ 14,426    $ 19,140

Europe

     6,616      6,597      15,532

Asia

     18,596      37,336      49,865

Rest of world

     429      966      325
                    

Total

   $ 33,047    $ 59,325    $ 84,862
                    

Concentration of risk

The Company has historically generated a substantial amount of its revenue from international sales. Any significant decline in the Company’s international sales could have a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition and results of operations.

For the years 2005, 2006 and 2007, the Company’s revenues outside North America comprised 78%, 76% and 77%, respectively, of its total net revenues. In addition, a large number of such consumer hardware device manufacturers are located in Asia, which comprised 56%, 63% and 59% of the Company’s total net revenues for 2005, 2006 and 2007, respectively.

11. Business Acquisitions and Combinations

Corporate Green

In March 2006 the Company acquired all of the assets of Corporate Green, a general partnership that developed an online community platform but had not commenced its principal operations and had not generated any revenue through the date of the acquisition. The total purchase price for the acquisition was valued at $659,000 and consisted of $431,000 in cash and 34,824 fully vested shares of the Company’s common stock, valued at $228,000. In addition to the purchase price, the Company issued to the former partners of Corporate Green 69,651 restricted shares of its common stock which vested upon the occurrence of certain events. Upon the earlier of December 31, 2006, March 31, 2007 and June 30, 2007 and the occurrence of certain performance milestones, and subject, in the case of the latter two events, to continued employment, the Company would pay an aggregate of $104,000, $104,000 and $31,000, respectively, in cash to the three former Corporate Green partners. At December 31, 2007, these milestones had been completed and the associated 65,798 restricted shares of common stock vested and the milestone payments of $239,000 had been paid. The remaining 3,853 restricted shares are expected to vest during 2008. In accordance with EITF Issue No. 95-8, Accounting for Contingent Consideration Paid to Shareholders of an Acquired Enterprise in a Purchase Business Combination, these deferred cash payments and the restricted stock were recorded as compensation expense in the period in which they are earned, as the payment of additional amounts and vesting of shares are directly linked to continued employment with the Company.

 

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Table of Contents

DivX, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

 

The total purchase price, including other acquisition related costs was $659,000 and has been allocated as follows:

 

Developed Technology

   $ 46,000

Assembled Workforce

     613,000
      
   $ 659,000
      

The above amounts were amortized to expense over the estimated useful lives of approximately 1.25 years.

Veatros

In July 2007, the Company acquired all of the assets of Veatros, L.L.C., or Veatros, a limited liability company engaged in real-time digital video processing for the purposes of producing enhanced video search and discovery services. At the time of acquisition, the operations of Veatros had been wound down and no development projects were in-process. The acquisition was accounted for as an acquisition of assets in accordance with Emerging Issues Task Force Issue No. 98-3, Determining Whether a Nonmonetary Transaction Involves Receipt of Productive Assets or of a Business. The total purchase price for the acquisition is up to $4.3 million comprised of an initial upfront cash payment of $2.0 million, which the Company made in July 2007, and subsequent cash payments up to $2.3 million upon the achievement of certain technology related milestones. The Company did not acquire any tangible assets or assume any liabilities as a result of the acquisition. The Company allocated the initial cash payment of $2.0 million, along with the first two milestones of $1.0 million, and $31,000 of acquisition related costs, for total purchase consideration of approximately $3.0 million to the one identifiable intangible asset, a patented technology license. The asset is being amortized over the remaining life of the patented technology license, approximately 8 years.

In July 2007, subsequent to the asset purchase, the Company’s board of directors approved a plan to separate its Stage6 operations into a separate private entity, and in early 2008 Stage6 was shut down. As a significant portion of the benefit from the acquired patented technology license was originally to be derived from Stage6 future activities, the Company evaluated the intangible asset for impairment as of December 31, 2007 in accordance with Statement of SFAS No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets based on the projected benefits solely attributable to our core consumer electronics business. Based on the Company’s revised forecasts excluding the Stage6 future activities and discounting the cash flows attributable to our core consumer electronics business, the Company concluded that the carrying amount of the asset was not fully recoverable and an impairment charge equal to approximately $3.0 million was recorded in 2007 in the consolidated statements of income, as the acquired patented technology license was considered to have a recoverable value of approximately $60,000.

MainConcept

In November 2007, the Company acquired MainConcept AG, or MainConcept, a German-based provider of audio and video codec technology. In exchange for all outstanding shares of capital stock, the Company paid approximately $22.6 million. The purchase price, including acquisition costs of $200,000, was $16.4 million in cash, 88,940 shares of the Company’s common stock, which was valued at approximately $1.6 million as of the date of the transaction, and outstanding loans extended to MainConcept by one of its shareholders that the Company also purchased for an aggregate amount of approximately $4.4 million. In addition, the purchase agreement provides for additional payments of up to approximately $5.6 million upon the achievement by MainConcept of certain product development goals and certain financial milestones during 2008. If additional payments are made, the consideration will be recorded as additional purchase price and allocated to goodwill.

 

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Table of Contents

DivX, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

 

The purchase price allocations are shown below (in thousands):

 

Cash and investments

   $ 433  

Accounts receivable

     594  

Other current assets

     162  

Property and equipment

     419  

Accounts payable and accrued expenses

     (1,120 )

Deferred tax liability, net

     (3,119 )

Long-tem debt

     (295 )

Other long-term liabilities

     (25 )
        

Net tangible liabilities

     (2,951 )

Developed technologies

     11,337  

Customer lists

     1,400  

Trade name

     1,800  

Goodwill

     11,000  
        

Total purchase price

   $ 22,586  
        

The goodwill recorded for the acquisition of MainConcept is not currently deductible for tax purposes (see Note 8), and will be assessed annually for impairment. The identifiable intangible assets will be amortized over the remaining useful lives of five to seven years for developed technologies, six years for tier I customer lists, two years for tier II customer lists. The acquired trade name and goodwill will not be amortized but assessed annually for impairment.

12. Selected quarterly financial data (unaudited)

The following table presents selected quarterly financial information for the periods indicated. This information has been derived from the Company’s unaudited quarterly consolidated financial statements, which in the opinion of management include all adjustments necessary for a fair statement of such information. In addition to normal recurring adjustments, 2006 includes the elimination of $7.7 million of valuation allowance associated with the Company’s deferred tax assets with the greatest effect occurring in the fourth quarter of 2006. The 2007 quarterly financial results include the reversal of approximately $4.1 million of tax reserves and the elimination of the valuation allowance on deferred tax assets in the fourth quarter of 2007 and an impairment charge of $3.0 million in the third quarter of 2007. The quarterly per share amounts presented below were calculated separately and may not sum to the annual figures presented in the consolidated statements of income. These operating results are also not necessarily indicative of results for any future period.

 

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DivX, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)

 

     2007
     Q1    Q2     Q3     Q4     Total
     (in thousands, except per share amounts)

Net revenues

   $ 20,218    $ 18,279     $ 21,895     $ 24,470     $ 84,862

Gross profit

     19,109      17,302       20,887       23,085       80,383

Income (loss) from operations

     4,157      (341 )     (779 )     (2,680 )     357

Income (loss) before income taxes

     6,060      1,683       1,249       (758 )     8,234

Net income

     3,660      1,003       816       3,729       9,208

Net income per share:

     

Basic

   $ 0.11    $ 0.03     $ 0.02     $ 0.11     $ 0.27

Diluted

     0.10      0.03       0.02       0.11       0.26
     2006
     Q1    Q2     Q3     Q4     Total
     (in thousands, except per share amounts)

Net revenues

   $ 14,099    $ 13,174     $ 15,395     $ 16,657     $ 59,325

Gross profit

     13,147      12,179       14,427       15,584       55,337

Income from operations

     3,993      2,706       3,648       3,666       14,013

Income before income taxes

     4,260      3,058       4,121       5,563       17,002

Net income

     3,279      2,666       3,100       7,395       16,440

Net income per share:

           

Basic

   $ 0.14    $ 0.11     $ 0.12     $ 0.22     $ 0.70

Diluted

     0.11      0.09       0.10       0.21       0.61

13. Recent Events (unaudited)

In February 2008, the Company shut down Stage6, the Company’s online service that allowed users to publish and download video content. Based on the board of directors’ plan to separate its Stage6 operations into a separate private entity in 2007, the Company evaluated the intangible assets associated with Stage6, including the intangible assets associated with the Veatros acquisition (see Note 11), for impairment as of December 31, 2007 in accordance with Statement of SFAS No. 144, and concluded that the carrying amount of the asset was not fully recoverable.

The Company’s short-term investments included $17.7 million of auction rate securities as of December 31, 2007. Through March 11, 2008, the Company had 13 issues fail at auction with a par value of $20.2 million. The Company believes the auction rate securities are not currently impaired as the underlying assets are substantially backed by the federal government. The Company has the ability to hold these auction rate debt securities until maturity. Based on the Company’s ability to access its cash and other short-term investments, its expected operating cash flows and other sources of cash, the Company does not anticipate the lack of liquidity on these investments to affect its ability to operate our business as usual.

 

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DivX, Inc.

SCHEDULE II—VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007 (in thousands)

 

Allowance for Uncollectible Sales and Accounts

   Balance at
beginning
of year
   Charged to
operations
   Deductions
from
allowance
    Balance at
end of year

For the year ended December 31, 2005

   $ 1,041    $ 898    $ (976 )   $ 963

For the year ended December 31, 2006

     963      1,685      (1,224 )     1,424

For the year ended December 31, 2007

     1,424      968      (483 )     1,909

 

 

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