485APOS 1 e11380-485apos.htm FORM N-1A

Registration Nos. 333-129342

811-21829


UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549  


FORM N-1A


REGISTRATION STATEMENT

UNDER

         
    THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933   x
    Pre-Effective Amendment No.        ¨
    Post-Effective Amendment No. 88   x
     
    and/or    
     
    REGISTRATION STATEMENT    
    UNDER    
    THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940   x
    Amendment No. 92    

(Check appropriate box or boxes)  

 

BBH TRUST

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)  

 

140 Broadway

New York, New York 10005

(Address of Principal Executive Offices) (Zip Code)

 

(800) 575-1265

Registrant’s Telephone Number, including Area Code:

 

Corporation Services Company

2711 Centerville Road, Suite 400

Wilmington, Delaware  19808

(Name and Address of Agent for Service)  


Copies to:

Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP

1111 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW

Washington, DC 20004-2541

 

Attn: W. John McGuire, Esq.


It is proposed that this filing will become effective:

 

¨ immediately upon filing pursuant to paragraph (b) of Rule 485

 

¨ On (date) pursuant to paragraph (b) of Rule 485

 

¨ 60 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(1)

 

¨ On (date)  pursuant to paragraph (a)(1)

 

x 75 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(2)

 

¨ On (date) pursuant to paragraph (a)(2) of Rule 485

If appropriate, check the following box

 

¨ This post-effective amendment designates a new effective date for a previously filed post-effective amendment.

 

 

 

A registration statement relating to these securities has been filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission but has not yet become effective. Information contained herein is subject to completion or amendment. These securities may not be sold nor may offers to buy be accepted prior to the time the registration statement becomes effective.

http:||www.sec.gov|Archives|edgar|data|1342947|000089109213001769|bbhlogo.jpg

Prospectus
[       ]

BBH Partner Fund - High Quality Reserves
(Ticker [    ])


These securities have not been approved or disapproved by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) or any state securities commission, nor has the SEC or any state securities commission passed upon the accuracy or adequacy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

 

Beginning on January 1, 2021, as permitted by regulations adopted by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, paper copies of the Fund’s shareholder reports will no longer be sent by mail, unless you specifically request paper copies of the reports from the Fund or from your financial intermediary, such as a broker-dealer or bank. Instead, the reports will be made available on a website, and you will be notified by mail each time a report is posted and provided with a website link to access the report.

If you already elected to receive shareholder reports electronically, you will not be affected by this change and you need not take any action. You may elect to receive shareholder reports and other communications electronically from the Fund by calling 1-800-575-1265 or from your financial intermediary.

You may elect to receive all future reports in paper free of charge. You can inform the Fund by calling 1-800-575-1265 or your financial intermediary that you wish to continue receiving paper copies of your shareholder reports. Your election to receive reports in paper may apply to all funds in the fund complex or held with your financial intermediary.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

I.  BBH Partner Fund – High Quality Reserves Summary 3
II.  Investment Objective, Principal Investment  
   Strategies and Principal Risks 7
   Portfolio Holdings 12
III.  Management of the Fund 12
IV.  Shareholder Information 13
   Fund Valuation Policies 13
   Description of Share Classes  
   Revenue Sharing 14
   Account Transactions 14
   Dividends and Distributions 17
   Taxes 17
V.  Financial Highlights 19

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I. BBH PARTNER FUND – HIGH QUALITY RESERVES SUMMARY

INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE

The investment objective of the BBH Partner Fund - High Quality Reserves (the “Fund”) is to provide income balanced with low price volatility.

FEES AND EXPENSES OF THE FUND

The table below describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold the Fund’s shares.

 

Annual Fund Operating Expenses  
(Expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)  
   
   
Management Fees [   ]%
Distribution (12b-1) Fees None
Other Expenses [   ]%
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses [   ]%
       
       

 

 EXAMPLE

This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund’s shares to the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund’s shares for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the operating expenses of the Fund’s shares remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:

1 Year   3 Year
     

 

Portfolio Turnover

The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the example above, affect the Fund’s performance. This information has not been provided because the Fund has not yet commenced investment operations as of the date of this prospectus.

 

PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES

The Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective by investing in a well-diversified portfolio of durable performing fixed income instruments. Under normal circumstances, the Fund invests at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in high quality securities (rated A/A and equivalent or better by nationally recognized statistical rating organizations (“NRSROs”)). These investments will be primarily focused in asset-backed securities (“ABS”), notes and bonds issued by domestic and foreign corporations and financial institutions and the U.S. Government, government agencies and government guaranteed issuers. The Fund may purchase mortgage-backed securities and sovereign debt when the investment adviser believes that the additional returns from these securities justify the risk of allocations to these asset classes. Typically, the duration of the Fund will be less than one year. Duration is a measure of the sensitivity of a fixed-income security to a change in interest

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rate. For every 1% change in interest rate, a fixed income security’s price will change by 1% for every year of duration; therefore, the longer a security’s duration, the more sensitive it is to changes in interest rates. The Fund may invest in money market instruments, repurchase agreements, reverse repurchase agreements, commercial paper, derivative instruments, including futures, swaps and options and private placement securities, including Rule 144A and Regulation S securities, to meet its investment objective. Though the Fund primarily invests in high quality, or high grade, securities, it may invest in lower-rated securities when the investment adviser believes that the additional income from these securities justifies the higher risk.

PRINCIPAL RISKS OF THE FUND

The principal risks of investing in the Fund and the circumstances reasonably likely to adversely affect an investment are listed and described below. The share price of the Fund changes daily, based on market conditions and other factors. A shareholder may lose money by investing in the Fund. There can be no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment objective.

Issuer Risk:

The value of a security may decline for a number of reasons which directly relate to the issuer, such as management performance, financial leverage and reduced demand for the issuer’s goods or services.

 

Credit Risk:

Credit risk refers to the likelihood that an issuer, guarantor, or the counterparty to a derivative contract or repurchase agreement, will default on interest or principal payments. For ABS and commercial mortgage-backed securities, there is risk that the impairment of the value of the collateral underlying the security, such as non-payment of loans, will result in a default on interest or principal payments. Credit risk is heightened to the extent the Fund invests in below high grade securities.

 

Asset-Backed Securities Risk:

Credit risk is an important issue in ABS because of the significant credit risks inherent in the underlying collateral and because issuers are primarily private entities. Credit risk arises from losses due to defaults by the borrowers in the underlying collateral or the issuer’s or servicer’s failure to perform. Market risk arises from the cash-flow characteristics of the security, which for many ABS tend to be predictable. The greatest variability in cash flows comes from credit performance, including the presence of early amortization or acceleration features designed to protect the investor if credit losses in the portfolio rise well above expected levels. Interest rate risk arises for the issuer from the relationship between the pricing terms on the underlying collateral and the terms of the rate paid to security holders. ABS also are subject to the risk that a change in interest rates may influence the pace of prepayments of the underlying securities which, in turn, affects yields on an absolute basis. Liquidity risk can arise from increased perceived credit risk. Illiquidity can also become a significant problem if concerns about credit quality, for example, lead investors to avoid the securities issued by the relevant special-purpose entity. Operations risk arises through the potential for misrepresentation of asset quality or terms by the originating institution, misrepresentation of the nature and current value of the assets by the servicer and inadequate controls over disbursements and receipts by the servicer. Structural risk may arise through investments in ABS with structures (for example, the establishment of various security tranches) that are intended to reallocate the risks entailed in the underlying collateral (particularly credit risk) in ways that give certain investors less credit risk protection (i.e., a lower priority claim on the cash flows from the underlying pool of assets) than others. As a result, such securities have a higher risk of loss as a result of delinquencies or losses on the underlying assets.

 

Management Risk:

The Fund is actively managed, and its success depends upon the investment skills and analytical abilities of the investment adviser to develop and effectively implement strategies that achieve the Fund’s investment objective. Subjective decisions made by the investment adviser may cause the Fund to incur losses or to miss profit opportunities on which it may otherwise have capitalized.

 

U.S. Government Agency Securities Risk:

Certain U.S. government agency securities are backed by the right of the issuer to borrow from the U.S. Treasury while others are supported only by the credit of the issuer or instrumentality. While the U.S. Government has

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historically provided financial support to U.S. government-sponsored agencies or instrumentalities during times of financial stress, such as the various actions taken to stabilize the Federal National Mortgage Association and Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation during the credit crisis of 2008, no assurance can be given that it will do so in the future. Such securities are neither issued nor guaranteed by the U.S. Treasury.

 

Interest Rate Risk:

Interest rate risk refers to the price fluctuation of a bond in response to changes in interest rates. The Fund’s investments in bonds and other fixed income securities will change in value in response to fluctuations in interest rates. In general, fixed-rate bonds with shorter maturities are less sensitive to interest rate movements than those with longer maturities, (i.e. when interest rates increase, bond prices fall). Rising interest rates tend to cause the prices of debt securities (especially those with longer maturities) to fall which could result in a decrease of the NAV of the Fund. The Fund may invest in variable and floating rate securities. Although these instruments are generally less sensitive to interest rate changes than fixed rate instruments, the value of variable and floating rate securities may decline if their interest rates do not rise as quickly, or as much, as general interest rates. The Fund’s fixed income investments may be subject to heightened risk associated with rising interest rates given the current historically low interest rate environment.

 

A rising rate environment may also result in periods of volatility and increased redemptions. As a result of increased redemptions, the Fund may have to liquidate fixed income securities at disadvantageous prices and times, or at a loss, which could adversely affect the performance of the Fund. While the Fund may use futures contracts and futures options to hedge against anticipated changes in interest rates, there can be no guarantee that the Fund will be able to successfully hedge interest rate exposures.

 

Maturity Risk:

Interest rate risk, as discussed above, will generally affect the price of a fixed income security more if the security has a longer maturity.

 

Prepayment Risk:

The Fund’s investments are subject to the risk that in times of declining interest rates, the Fund’s higher yielding securities will be prepaid, and the Fund will have to replace them with securities potentially having a lower yield.

 

Mortgage-Backed Securities Risk:

Borrowers may default on their mortgage obligations or the guarantees underlying the mortgage-backed securities. In addition, during periods of falling interest rates mortgage-backed securities may be called or prepaid, which may result in the Fund having to reinvest proceeds in other investments at a lower interest rate. A fund holding mortgage-related securities may exhibit additional volatility during periods of fluctuating interest rates.

 

Liquidity Risk:

Liquidity risk exists when a particular instrument is difficult to purchase or sell. Size of a transaction or illiquid markets may be factors.

 

Regulation S Securities Risk:

The Fund may invest in private placement securities that cannot be offered for public resale unless registered under the applicable securities laws or that have a contractual restriction that prohibits or limits their resale. Private placement securities are securities that have not been registered under the applicable securities laws, such as Rule 144A securities, and securities of U.S. and non-U.S. issuers that are issued pursuant to Regulation S. Restricted securities may not be listed on an exchange and may have no active trading market, resulting in the security being deemed illiquid.

 

Shareholder Concentration Risk:

Asset allocation decisions, particularly large redemptions, made by an investment adviser whose discretionary clients make up a large percentage of the Fund’s shareholders may adversely impact remaining Fund shareholders.

 

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Derivatives Risk:

Derivatives are financial contracts whose value depends on, or is derived from, the value of an underlying asset or index. Risks of investing in derivatives are different from, or possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in securities and other traditional investments. Risks include liquidity risk, interest rate risk, market risk, credit risk, risk of mis-pricing or improper valuation and the risk of miscorrelation. The Fund could lose more than the principal amount invested.

 

Foreign Investment Risk:

Investing in securities of foreign-based companies involves risks not typically associated with investing in securities of companies organized and operated in the United States. These risks include adverse political, social and economic developments abroad, different kinds and levels of market and issuer regulations, and the different characteristics of overseas economies and markets. These factors can make foreign investments more volatile and potentially less liquid than U.S. investments. Changes in foreign currency exchange rates can affect the value of the Fund’s portfolio.

 

Investment Risk:

Investors in the Fund could lose money, including the possible loss of the entire principal amount of an investment, over short or long periods of time.

 

Leverage Risk:

Leverage can result from borrowing or from an investment in reverse repurchase agreements and, in some cases, derivative contracts that may result in leverage to the Fund. Leverage risk is created when an investment exposes the Fund to a level of risk that exceeds the amount invested. Leveraging is speculative, tends to exaggerate the effect of any increase or decrease in the value of the Fund’s securities and may cause the Fund to be more volatile.

 

Market Risk:

Market risks, including political, regulatory, economic and social developments, can result in market volatility and can affect the value of the fund’s investments. Natural disasters, the spread of infectious illness and other public health emergencies, recession, terrorism and other unforeseeable events may lead to increased market volatility and may have adverse effects on world economies and markets generally.

 

LIBOR Discontinuance Risk:

By the end of 2021, the London InterBank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”), the rate at which banks obtain short-term borrowings from each other in the London interbank market, is expected to be phased out and would no longer be available or deemed an appropriate reference rate upon which to determine the interest rate of certain loans, notes, derivatives and other instruments or investments in the Fund’s portfolio. While the effect of the transition to another reference rate cannot yet be determined, it may result in, among other things, increased volatility or illiquidity in markets for instruments based on LIBOR and changes in the value of such instruments.

 

Sovereign Debt Risk:

Bonds issued by foreign governments, sometimes referred to as “sovereign” debt, present risks not associated with investments in other types of bonds. The government or agency issuing the debt may be unable or unwilling to make interest payments and/or repay the principal owed. In such instance, the Fund may have limited recourse against the issuing government or agency.

 

FUND PERFORMANCE

Performance information is not provided because the Fund had not yet commenced investment operations as of the date of this Prospectus.

 

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INVESTMENT ADVISER

Brown Brothers Harriman & Co. (“BBH&Co.”), through a separately identifiable department, serves as the Fund’s investment adviser (the “Investment Adviser”).

 

Portfolio Managers

     
Name BBH&Co. Title Portfolio Manager of the Fund Since
Andrew P. Hofer Managing Director 2020
Neil Hohmann Managing Director 2020

 

PURCHASE AND SALE OF FUND SHARES

Shares of the Fund may be purchased or sold (redeemed) on any business day (normally any day when the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) is open). Shareholders may redeem shares held directly in the name of a shareholder on the books of the Fund by submitting a redemption request to the Fund’s transfer agent, ALPS Fund Services, Inc. (“Transfer Agent”). If shares are held by a bank, broker or other financial intermediary with which the Fund or its shareholder servicing agent has contracted (“Financial Intermediary”) on behalf of such shareholder, then shareholders must redeem shares through such Financial Intermediary.

Investment Minimums

 

     
Initial Purchases   $5,000
Subsequent Purchases   $0
     

TAX INFORMATION

The Fund’s distributions are generally taxable to you as ordinary income, capital gains, or a combination of the two.

PAYMENTS TO FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES

If you purchase shares of the Fund through a Financial Intermediary, a distributor and/or BBH&Co., as applicable, may pay the Financial Intermediary for the sale of Fund shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the Financial Intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your Financial Intermediary’s website for more information.

II. INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE, PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES AND PRINCIPAL RISKS

INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE

The investment objective of the Fund is to provide income balanced with low price volatility. The investment objective may be changed by the Board without a vote of the shareholders. There can be no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment objective.

 

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PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES

The Fund invests in a well-diversified portfolio of durable, performing fixed income instruments. Under normal circumstances, the Fund invests at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in high quality securities (rated A/A and equivalent or better by nationally recognized statistical rating organizations (“NRSROs”)). These investments will be primarily focused in ABS, notes and bonds issued by domestic and foreign corporations and financial institutions and the U.S. Government, government agencies and government guaranteed issuers. The Fund may purchase mortgage backed securities, and sovereign debt when the Investment Adviser believes that the additional income from these securities justifies the higher risk of allocations to these asset classes. The Fund may invest in money market instruments, repurchase agreements, reverse repurchase agreements, derivative instruments and private placement securities, including Rule 144A and Regulation S securities to meet its investment objective. Typically, the duration of the Fund will be less than one year. Duration is a measure of the sensitivity of a fixed-income security to a change in interest rate. For every 1% change in interest rate, a fixed income security’s price will change by 1% for every year of duration; therefore, the longer a security’s duration, the more sensitive it is to changes in interest rates. For example, if a bond has a duration of 5 years and interest rates increase by 1%, the value of that bond can be expected to decrease by 5%.

Despite comparisons contained in the Fund’s shareholder reports, the Fund will not measure its performance success nor alter its construction in relation to any particular benchmark or index. Instead, the Fund will seek to preserve capital and to generate a positive absolute return, while attempting to avoid instances of negative total return over extended periods of time. The Fund will have the flexibility to invest in the sectors, industries, securities and durations that the Investment Adviser identifies as offering attractive risk-adjusted returns consistent with the Fund’s investment objective. The Investment Adviser’s approach includes the consideration of environmental, social and governance (ESG) criteria which enhances our ability to manage risk and to achieve our long-term objectives.

While the assets of the Fund will be primarily invested in securities denominated in U.S. dollars, some investments may be denominated in other currencies. Though the Fund will invest primarily in high quality, or high grade, securities, it may invest in fixed income securities rated below high grade when the Investment Adviser believes that the additional income from these securities justifies the higher risk.

Temporary Defensive Positions:

In response to adverse market, economic, political and other conditions, the Investment Adviser may make temporary investments for the Fund that are not consistent with its investment objective and principal investment strategies. Such temporary defensive measures may prevent the Fund from achieving its investment objective.

Mortgage-Backed and Asset-Backed Securities:

Mortgage-backed securities are collateralized by pools of residential or commercial mortgage loans, including first and second mortgage loans made by savings and loan institutions, mortgage bankers, commercial banks and others. Pools of mortgage loans are assembled as securities for sale to investors by various governmental, government-related and private organizations.

 

ABS are collateralized by pools of obligations or assets. Most ABS involve pools of consumer or commercial debts with maturities of less than ten years. However, almost any type of asset may be used to create an ABS. ABS may take the form of commercial paper, notes, or pass through certificates. ABS have prepayment risks. Mortgage-backed securities and ABS may be structured as floaters, inverse floaters, interest only and principal only obligations.

Derivative Instruments:

Rather than investing directly in the securities in which the Fund invests, the Fund may use derivatives investments to gain or reduce exposure to market movements related to such securities, or to other risks such as interest rate or currency risk. The Fund may, but is not required to use, derivative instruments for risk management purposes or as part of its investment strategies. The Investment Adviser may decide not to employ any of these strategies and there

8

 

is no assurance that any derivatives strategy used by the Fund will succeed. Derivative investments primarily include futures but may also include swaps and options contracts.

 

Futures Contracts:

Common features of future contracts include: (1) standardized contract features; (2) traded on organized exchanges; and (3) limited maturity, usually 3 months. As the price of the underlying security changes day to day, the value of the future contract also changes. Both buyer and seller recognize this daily gain or loss by transferring the relative gain or loss to the other party. This is called “the daily margin” requirement. The use of futures gives the Investment Adviser flexibility in managing the investment risk of the Fund.

 

Credit Quality:

Under normal market conditions, the Fund will invest primarily in high grade securities (rated A/A and equivalent or better by NRSROs). The Investment Adviser may invest a portion of the assets of the Fund in fixed income securities rated below high grade, or, if unrated, determined by the Investment Adviser to be of comparable quality. Credit ratings for individual holdings are assigned by nationally recognized statistical rating organizations (“NRSRO”) such as Moody’s Investor Service (“Moody’s”) or Standard & Poor’s (“S&P”).

 

PRINCIPAL RISKS OF THE FUND

The following section provides additional information regarding the principal risks of the Fund. The share price of the Fund changes daily, based on market conditions and other factors. A shareholder may lose money by investing in the Fund. There can be no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment objective.

 

Issuer Risk:

The value of a security may decline for a number of reasons, which directly relate to the issuer, such as management performance, financial leverage and reduced demand for the issuer’s goods or services.

 

Credit Risk:

Credit risk refers to the likelihood that an issuer will default on interest or principal payments. The financial condition of an issuer of a debt security or other instrument may cause it to default or become unable to pay interest or principal due. For ABS and commercial mortgage-backed securities, there is risk that the impairment of the collateral underlying the security, such as non-payment of loans, will result in a default on interest or principal payments. The Fund cannot collect interest and principal payments on a security or instrument if the issuer defaults. While the Fund attempts to limit credit exposure in a manner consistent with its investment objective, the value of an investment in the Fund may change quickly and without warning in response to issuer defaults and changes in the credit ratings of the Fund’s portfolio investments.

 

Asset-Backed Securities Risk:

Credit risk is an important issue in ABS because of the significant credit risks inherent in the underlying collateral and because issuers are primarily private entities. Credit risk arises from losses due to defaults by the borrowers in the underlying collateral or the issuer’s or servicer’s failure to perform. Market risk arises from the cash-flow characteristics of the security, which for many ABS tend to be predictable. The greatest variability in cash flows comes from credit performance, including the presence of early amortization or acceleration features designed to protect the investor if credit losses in the portfolio rise well above expected levels. Interest rate risk arises for the issuer from the relationship between the pricing terms on the underlying collateral and the terms of the rate paid to security holders. ABS also are subject to the risk that a change in interest rates may influence the pace of prepayments of the underlying securities which, in turn, affects yields on an absolute basis. Liquidity risk can arise from increased perceived credit risk. Illiquidity can also become a significant problem if concerns about credit quality, for example, lead investors to avoid the securities issued by the relevant special-purpose entity. Operations risk arises through the potential for misrepresentation of asset quality or terms by the originating institution, misrepresentation of the nature and current value of the assets by the servicer and inadequate controls over disbursements and receipts by the servicer. Structural risk may arise through investments in ABS with structures (for example, the establishment of various security tranches) that are intended to reallocate the risks entailed in the underlying collateral (particularly credit risk) in ways that give certain investors less credit risk protection (i.e., a

9

 

lower priority claim on the cash flows from the underlying pool of assets) than others. As a result, such securities have a higher risk of loss as a result of delinquencies or losses on the underlying assets.

 

Management Risk:

The Fund is actively managed and its success depends upon the investment skills and analytical abilities of the Investment Adviser to develop and effectively implement strategies that achieve the Fund’s investment objective. Subjective decisions made by the Investment Adviser may cause the Fund to incur losses or to miss profit opportunities on which it may otherwise have capitalized.

 

U.S. Government Agency Securities Risk:

Certain U.S. government agency securities are backed by the right of the issuer to borrow from the U.S. Treasury while others are supported only by the credit of the issuer or instrumentality. While the U.S. Government has historically provided financial support to U.S. government-sponsored agencies or instrumentalities during times of financial stress, such as the various actions taken to stabilize the Federal National Mortgage Association and Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation during the credit crisis of 2008, no assurance can be given that it will do so in the future. Such securities are neither issued nor guaranteed by the U.S. Treasury.

 

Interest Rate Risk:

Interest rate risk refers to the price fluctuation of a bond in response to changes in interest rates. The Fund’s investments in bonds and other fixed income securities will change in value in response to fluctuations in interest rates. In general, fixed-rate bonds with shorter maturities are less sensitive to interest rate movements than those with longer maturities, (i.e. when interest rates increase, bond prices fall). Rising interest rates tend to cause the prices of debt securities (especially those with longer maturities) to fall which could result in a decrease of the NAV of the Fund. The Fund may invest in variable and floating rate securities. Although these instruments are generally less sensitive to interest rate changes than fixed rate instruments, the value of variable and floating rate securities may decline if their interest rates do not rise as quickly, or as much, as general interest rates. The Fund’s fixed income investments may be subject to heightened risk associated with rising interest rates given the current historically low interest rate environment.

 

A rising rate environment may also result in periods of volatility and increased redemptions. As a result of increased redemptions, the Fund may have to liquidate fixed income securities at disadvantageous prices and times, or at a loss, which could adversely affect the performance of the Fund. While the Fund may use futures contracts and futures options to hedge against anticipated changes in interest rates, there can be no guarantee that the Fund will be able to successfully hedge interest rate exposures.

 

Maturity Risk:

Interest rate risk will generally affect the price of a fixed income security more if the security has a longer maturity. Fixed income securities with longer maturities will therefore be more volatile than other fixed income securities with shorter maturities. Conversely, fixed income securities with shorter maturities will be less volatile but generally provide lower returns than fixed income securities with longer maturities. The average maturity of the Fund’s investments will affect the volatility of the Fund’s share price.

 

Prepayment Risk:

The Fund’s investments are subject to the risk that when interest rates fall certain obligations will be prepaid and that the Fund may have to invest the proceeds in securities with lower yields. In periods of falling interest rates, the rate of prepayment tends to increase as borrowers are more likely to pay off debt and refinance at lower rates. During these periods, reinvestment of the prepayment proceeds will generally be at lower rates of return than the return on assets that were prepaid.

 

Mortgage-Backed Securities Risk:

Borrowers may default on their mortgage obligations or the guarantees underlying the mortgage-backed securities will default or otherwise fail and that, during periods of falling interest rates, mortgage-backed securities will be called or prepaid, which may result in the Fund having to reinvest proceeds in other investments at a lower interest rate (pre-payment risk). During periods of rising interest rates, the average life of a mortgage-backed security may extend, which may lock in a below-market interest rate, increase the security’s duration, and reduce the value of the security (extension risk). Enforcing rights against the underlying assets or collateral may be difficult, or the

10

 

underlying assets or collateral may be insufficient if the issuer defaults. As a result, in a period of fluctuating interest rates, a fund that holds mortgage-related securities may exhibit additional volatility.

 

Liquidity Risk:

Liquidity risk exists when a particular instrument is difficult to purchase or sell. If a transaction is particularly large or if the relevant market is illiquid (as is the case with many restricted securities), it may not be possible to initiate a transaction or liquidate a position at an advantageous time or price. Securities in the Fund are generally less liquid than many other investments including but not limited to securities issued by the U.S. Government, commercial paper and those of higher rated corporate securities.

 

Regulation S Securities

Regulation S securities of U.S. and non-U.S. issuers are issued through private placements without registration with the SEC pursuant to Regulation S of the Securities Act of 1933. Private placements are generally subject to strict restrictions on resale. Privately placed securities may not be listed on an exchange and may have no active trading market, and as such may be illiquid. The Fund may be unable to sell a private placement security on short notice or may be able to sell them only at a price below current value. It may be more difficult to determine a market value for a restricted security. Also, the Fund may get only limited information about the issuer of a private placement security, so it may be less able to predict a loss. In addition, if Fund management receives material non-public information about the issuer, the Fund may as a result be unable to sell the securities. Certain private placement securities may involve a high degree of business and financial risk and may result in substantial losses.

 

Shareholder Concentration Risk:

From time to time, an investment adviser, including BBH&Co., may allocate a portion of the assets of its discretionary clients to the Fund. There is a risk that if a large percentage of Fund shareholders consists of such investment adviser’s discretionary clients, such asset allocation decisions, particularly large redemptions, may adversely impact remaining Fund shareholders.

 

Derivatives Risk:

Derivatives are financial contracts whose value depends on, or is derived from, the value of an underlying asset, reference rate or index. The Fund’s use of derivative instruments involves risks different from, or possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in securities and other traditional investments. Derivatives are subject to a number of risks described elsewhere in this section, such as liquidity risk, interest rate risk, market risk, counterparty risk and credit risk. They also involve the risk of mispricing or improper valuation and the risk that changes in the value of the derivative may not correlate perfectly with the underlying asset, rate or index. By investing in a derivative instrument, the Fund could lose more than the principal amount invested. Also, suitable derivative transactions may not be available in all circumstances and there can be no assurance that the Fund will engage in these transactions to reduce exposure to other risks when that would be beneficial.

 

Foreign Investment Risk:

Investing in securities of foreign-based companies involves risks not typically associated with investing in securities of companies organized and operated in the United States. These risks include changes in political, social or economic conditions, diplomatic relations, confiscatory taxation, expropriation, nationalization, limitation on the removal of funds or assets, or imposition of (or change in) exchange control or tax regulations. In some foreign countries, less information is available about foreign issues and markets because of less rigorous accounting and regulatory standards than in the United States. In addition, foreign stock exchanges and brokers generally have less government supervision and regulation than in the United States. Dividends and interest on foreign securities may be subject to foreign withholding taxes, which may reduce the net return to Fund shareholders. Foreign securities are often denominated in a currency other than the U.S. dollar, which will subject the Fund to the risks associated with fluctuations in currency values. Currency fluctuations could offset investment gain or add to investment losses. All of these factors can make foreign investments more volatile and potentially less liquid than U.S. investments.

 

Investment Risk:

As with all investments, an investment in the Fund is subject to investment risk. Investors in the Fund could lose money, including the possible loss of the entire principal amount of an investment, over short or even long periods of time. The share price of the Fund changes daily, based on market conditions and other factors. The Fund should not be relied upon as a complete investment program.

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Leverage Risk:

Leverage may result from borrowing and from investment in reverse repurchase agreements and in some cases, derivative contracts. Leveraging is speculative and may cause the Fund to be more volatile than if the Fund had not been leveraged. This is because leverage tends to exaggerate the effect of any increase or decrease in the value of the Fund’s securities. The use of leveraging may cause the Fund to liquidate portfolio positions when it may not be advantageous to do so to satisfy its obligations or to meet segregation requirements.

 

Market Risk:

Market risks, including political, regulatory, economic and social developments, can result in market volatility and can affect the value of the fund’s investments. Natural disasters, the spread of infectious illness and other public health emergencies, recession, terrorism and other unforeseeable events may lead to increased market volatility and may have adverse effects on world economies and markets generally.

 

LIBOR Discontinuance Risk:

LIBOR is intended to represent the rate at which contributing banks may obtain short-term borrowings from each other in the London interbank market. The Financial Conduct Authority, the regulatory authority that oversees financial services firms and financial markets in the U.K., has announced that, as of the end of 2021, LIBOR rates may no longer be available or an appropriate reference rate upon which to determine the interest rate of certain loans, notes, derivatives and other instruments or investments held in the Fund’s portfolio. The financial industry has worked to determine an appropriate replacement rate for LIBOR but there is no assurance that such an alternative reference rate will be produce the same value or economic equivalence as LIBOR. These risks may also apply with respect to changes in connection with other interbank offering rates and a wide range of other index levels, rates and values that are treated as “benchmarks” and are the subject of regulatory reform.

 

Sovereign Debt Risk:

Bonds issued by foreign governments, sometimes referred to as “sovereign” debt, present risks not associated with investments in other types of bonds. The government or agency issuing the debt may be unable or unwilling to make interest payments and/or repay the principal owed. In such instance, the Fund may have limited recourse against the issuing government or agency.

 

Investments in the Fund are neither insured nor guaranteed by the U.S. Government. Shares of the Fund are not deposits or obligations of, or guaranteed by, BBH&Co. or any other bank, and the shares are not insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Federal Reserve Board or any other federal, state or other governmental agency.

PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS

Information concerning the Fund’s portfolio holdings is available on the Fund’s website at www.bbhfunds.com. A complete listing of the Fund’s portfolio holdings as of the end of each month is posted on the website approximately 15 days after the end of the month and remains posted until replaced by the information for the succeeding month.

A description of the Fund’s policies and procedures with respect to the disclosure of the Fund’s portfolio securities is available in the Fund’s Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”).

III. MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND

BBH&Co., a New York limited partnership, located at 140 Broadway, New York, NY 10005 and established in 1818, serves as the investment adviser to the Fund through a separately identifiable department (the “Investment Adviser”). The Investment Adviser is registered with the SEC as an investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940.

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Subject to the general supervision of the Fund’s Board of Trustees (the “Board”), the Investment Adviser makes the day-to-day investment decisions for the Fund, places the purchase and sale orders for the portfolio transactions of the Fund, and generally manages the Fund’s portfolio of investments. BBH&Co. provides a broad range of investment management services for customers in the United States and abroad. As of September 30, 2020, BBH&Co. managed total assets of approximately $[ ] billion.

In addition to a continuous investment program, BBH&Co. serves as the Fund’s Administrator, which provides administrative services to the Fund, such as shareholder communications and tax services.

Investment Advisory and Administrative Fee

For investment advisory and administrative services, the Investment Adviser receives a combined fee, computed daily and payable monthly, equal to [ ]% of the Fund’s average daily net assets. This fee compensates the Investment Adviser for its services and its expenses. A discussion of the Board’s most recent review of the Fund’s investment advisory contract will be available in the Fund’s Semi-Annual Report for the period ending April 30, 2021.

 

Portfolio Managers

Andrew P. Hofer and Neil Hohmann serve as co-portfolio managers of the Fund. As such they are jointly responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund.

Andrew Hofer is a Managing Director of BBH&Co. with 32 years of combined industry and investment experience. Mr. Hofer holds a BA from Yale University and an MIA from the Columbia School of International and Public Affairs. He joined BBH&Co. in 1988. Mr. Hofer has served as a Managing Director since January 2000.

Neil Hohmann is a Managing Director of BBH&Co. with 22 years of investment experience. Mr. Hohmann holds a BA from Yale University and a PhD in Economics from the University of Chicago. He joined BBH&Co. in 2006. Mr. Hohmann served as a Senior Vice President from 2010 to 2017. Mr. Hohmann has served as a Managing Director since 2017.

The Fund’s SAI provides additional information about the portfolio managers’ compensation, management of other accounts and ownership of shares of the Fund.

IV. SHAREHOLDER INFORMATION

Fund Valuation Policies

The Fund’s net asset value per share (“NAV”) is normally determined once daily at 4:00 p.m., Eastern Time on each day the NYSE is open for regular trading (“Business Day”). The Fund does not calculate its NAV on days the NYSE is closed for trading. Information that becomes known to the Fund or its agents after the NAV has been calculated on a particular day will not generally be used to retroactively adjust the price of a security or the NAV determined earlier that day. The Fund reserves the right to change the time its NAV is calculated if the Fund closes earlier, or as permitted by the SEC.

The determination of the Fund’s NAV is made by subtracting from the value of the total assets of a share class the amount of liabilities attributable to that class and dividing the difference by the number of shares outstanding of that class at the time the determination is made. The value of the Fund’s portfolio may change on days when the Fund is not opened for business and not available for purchase or redemption Fund shares.

The Fund has a valuation policy which requires that if market quotations are unavailable or available but considered unreliable, then that security price should be overridden and a fair valuation price be determined and used.

The Fund generally values fixed income securities according to prices furnished by brokers and dealers or an independent pricing service using data reflecting the earlier closing of the principal markets for those securities.

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Prices obtained from pricing services may be based on, among other things, information provided by market markers or estimates of market values obtained from yield data relating to investments or securities with similar characteristics. Fixed income securities with remaining maturities of less than 60 days at time of purchase may be valued at amortized cost, which approximates fair value.

Investments for which market quotations or market-based valuations are not readily available, or are available but deemed unreliable, are valued at fair value in accordance with procedures approved by the Board. The Board has delegated to the Investment Adviser the responsibility for applying the Board-approved fair valuation procedures. Market quotes are considered not readily available in circumstances where there is an absence of current or reliable market-based data (e.g., trade information, bid/ask information, broker quotes, pricing services prices), including where events occur after the close of the relevant market, but prior to the NYSE close, that materially affect the price of the security or other asset. In addition, market quotes are considered not readily available when, due to extraordinary circumstances, the markets on which the securities trade are not open for trading for the entire day and no other market prices are available.

Fair value represents a good faith approximation of the value of a security. The fair value of one or more securities may not, in retrospect, be the price at which those assets could have been sold during the period in which the particular fair values were used in determining the Fund’s net asset value.

Revenue Sharing

BBH&Co. may make payments for marketing, promotional or related services provided by Financial Intermediaries that sell shares of the Fund. These payments are often referred to as “revenue sharing payments.” The level of such payments may be based on factors that include, without limitation, differing levels or types of services provided by the intermediary, the expected level of assets or sales of shares, access to an intermediary’s personnel and other factors. Revenue sharing payments are paid from BBH&Co.’s own legitimate profits and its own resources (not from the Fund), and may be in addition to any shareholder servicing payments that are paid by the shareholder servicing agent to the Financial Intermediaries. In some circumstances, such payments may create an incentive for a Financial Intermediary or its employees or associated persons to recommend or sell shares of a particular Fund to you instead of recommending shares offered by competing investment companies.

 

Contact your Financial Intermediary for details about revenue sharing payments.

 

Account Transactions

Eligible Investors

Investors are only eligible to purchase shares of the Fund as described below.

 

The following individuals (referred to as “Eligible Investors”) may invest in the Fund and/or reinvest dividends and capital gains distributions from shares owned in the Fund:

 

  • BBH&Co. private banking and/or private wealth management clients;

 

  • investors with an agreement with Brown Brothers Harriman Investments, LLC or the Fund’s distributor permitting investment in the Fund;

 

  • a Trustee or officer of the BBH Trust, or a partner or employee of BBH&Co. or its affiliates, or a member of the immediate family of any of those persons; and

 

  • an account for an employee benefit plan or retirement plan sponsored by BBH&Co.

 

Eligible Investors may be asked to verify that they meet one of the eligibility requirements above prior to opening a new account in the Fund. The Fund may permit you to open a new account if the Fund reasonably believes that you

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are eligible. The Fund also may decline to permit you to open a new account if the Fund believes that doing so would be in the best interests of the Fund and its shareholders, even if you would be eligible to open a new account.

 

The Fund’s ability to enforce the eligibility requirements listed above with respect to accounts held by financial intermediaries may vary depending on the systems capabilities of those intermediaries, applicable contractual and legal restrictions and cooperation of those intermediaries.

 

An existing shareholder in the Fund that no longer meets the above eligibility requirements is able to continue to remain an investor in the Fund (an “Existing Shareholder”) and may continue to reinvest dividends or capital gains distributions from shares owned in the Fund; however, the Existing Shareholder may not purchase additional shares of the Fund, either directly or as the beneficial owner of shares held in another account.

 

If all shares of the Fund in an Existing Shareholder’s account are voluntarily redeemed or involuntarily redeemed, then the Existing Shareholder’s account will be closed. Once closed, such former Existing Shareholders will not be able to reopen their accounts in the Fund. These repurchase restrictions do not apply to investors listed above as eligible to continue to purchase even if such Eligible Investor would liquidate its entire position.

 

If the Fund receives a purchase order directly from an investor who is not eligible to purchase shares of the Fund, the Fund’s transfer agent will attempt to contact the investor to determine whether he or she would like to purchase shares of another Fund or would prefer that the investment be returned. If the transfer agent cannot contact the investor within 30 days, the entire amount of the investment will be returned.

 

The Fund reserves the right to change these policies at any time. The Fund may from time to time, in its sole discretion, limit new purchases into the Fund or otherwise modify the eligibility requirements at any time.

 

Purchase of Shares

The Fund offers its shares to Eligible Investors on a continuous basis at the current NAV without a sales charge. Eligible Investors may purchase shares on any day the Fund’s NAV is calculated. The Fund executes purchases of its shares at the NAV next determined after the Fund receives the purchase order in good order. Generally, a purchase order is considered to be in good order when the purchase payment is converted to federal funds. The Fund reserves the right to determine the purchase orders for Fund shares that it will accept.

An Eligible Investor may place purchase orders for Fund shares directly through the Transfer Agent or through a Financial Intermediary. Such orders will be priced at the NAV next calculated after the Fund receives the payment, through the Transfer Agent, in good order. Such orders that are placed directly through the Transfer Agent are held directly in the investor’s name on the books of the Fund and the investor is responsible for arranging for payment of the purchase price of Fund shares.

Those Eligible Investors who buy shares of the Fund through a Financial Intermediary that is authorized to place trades in Fund shares for their customers will have such shares held in the Financial Intermediary’s name pursuant to arrangements made with that customer. Each Financial Intermediary arranges payment for Fund shares on behalf of its customers and may charge a transaction fee payable to the Financial Intermediary on the purchase of Fund shares.

Shares of the Fund have not been registered for sale outside the U.S. The Fund generally does not sell shares to investors residing outside the U.S., even if they are U.S. citizens or lawful permanent residents, except to investors with U.S. military APO or FPO addresses.

 

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Investment Minimums*

 

     
Initial Purchases**   $5,000
Subsequent Purchases   $0
     

* The Fund may change these investment minimums from time to time. A Financial Intermediary may also establish and amend, from time to time, minimum initial and/or subsequent purchase requirements for its customers. The Fund may waive the initial and subsequent investment minimums, if any, for purchases by financial intermediaries.

** The Fund has waived the initial purchase investment minimums for all BBH&Co. Partners, employees, Fund Trustees and their respective family members.

 

Redemption of Shares

The Fund prices a redemption at the NAV next calculated after the Fund receives the request in good order. The Fund normally determines the Fund’s NAV daily at 4:00 p.m. Eastern Time on each day that the equity markets of the NYSE are open for a regular day of trading. Under normal market conditions, redemption requests received in good order before 4:00 p.m. Eastern Time on any Business Day will be executed at that day’s NAV. Orders accepted after 4:00 p.m. will be executed at the next day’s NAV. Redemption requests accepted before 4:00 p.m. Eastern Time on any Business Day will typically be paid by the Business Day following the date on which the redemption request was received in good order. Redemption requests will be paid by federal funds wire transfer to the shareholder’s designated account. In order to meet the redemption request, the Fund typically expects to use available cash (or cash equivalents) or by selling portfolio securities. These methods may be used during both normal and stressed market conditions. While the Fund typically makes payments of redemption requests in cash, it has reserved the right to pay redemption proceeds by a distribution in-kind of portfolio securities when it deems appropriate.

 

How to Redeem Fund Shares

Shareholders must redeem shares held by a Financial Intermediary through that Financial Intermediary and follow the Financial Intermediary’s procedures for redeeming Fund shares. For more information about how to redeem shares through a Financial Intermediary, contact the Financial Intermediary directly.

 

Shareholders may redeem shares held directly with the Fund by submitting a redemption request to the Transfer Agent. The Fund pays proceeds resulting from such redemption directly to the shareholder generally on the next Business Day after the redemption request is executed.

Redemptions by the Fund

The Fund has established a minimum account size of $5,000 for its shares, which may be changed from time to time in its discretion. Except in circumstances where the minimum account size has been changed or waived, if the value of an account held directly with the Fund falls below the minimum account size because of a redemption of shares, the Fund reserves the right to redeem the shareholder’s remaining shares. If such remaining shares are to be redeemed, the Fund will notify the shareholder and will allow the shareholder 60 days to make an additional investment to meet the minimum requirement before the redemption is processed.

 

Each Financial Intermediary may establish its own minimum account requirements for its customers, which may be lower than those established for accounts held with the Fund.

Further Redemption Information

Redemptions of shares result in taxable events for a shareholder who may realize a gain or a loss.

 

The Fund has reserved the right to pay redemption proceeds by a distribution in-kind of a security or securities from the Fund’s portfolio (rather than cash). In the event that the Fund makes an in-kind distribution, you could incur brokerage and transaction charges when converting the securities to cash. Additionally, securities received through an in-kind redemption may be subject to market risk until such time as you can dispose of the securities. The Fund does not expect to make in-kind distributions, but if it does, the Fund will pay, during any 90-day period, your redemption proceeds in cash up to either $250,000 or 1.00% of the Fund’s net assets, whichever is less. In the event

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that the Fund meets a redemption request through a distribution in-kind, the Fund will analyze a variety of factors when selecting securities, including, but not limited to, tax implications, liquidity implications, portfolio transaction costs, fees and other costs associated with the transaction.

The Fund may suspend a shareholder’s right to receive payment with respect to any redemption or postpone the payment of the redemption proceeds for up to seven days and for such other periods as applicable laws may permit.

Frequent Trading Policy

Given the short-term nature of the Fund’s investments, the Fund does not anticipate that in the normal course frequent or short-term trading into and out of the Fund will have significant adverse consequences for the Fund and its shareholders. For this reason, the Fund’s Board has not adopted policies or procedures to monitor or discourage frequent or short-term trading of the Fund’s shares.

 

Dividends and Distributions

The Fund declares dividends daily, distributes net investment income monthly and net realized gains, if any, annually. The Fund may pay additional distributions and dividends at other times if necessary for the Fund to avoid federal income or excise tax. The Fund expects distributions to be primarily from income.

 

Shares normally begin to earn dividends on the business day after payment is received in good order by the Fund’s transfer agent. Shares earn dividends through the date of a redemption. Shares redeemed on a Friday or prior to a holiday will continue to earn dividends until the next business day. If you redeem all of your shares at any time during the month, you will receive all dividends earned through the date of redemption. When you redeem only a portion of your shares, all dividends accrued on those shares will be reinvested, or paid in cash, on the next dividend payment date.

 

Unless a shareholder whose shares are held directly in the shareholder’s name on the books of the Fund elects to have dividends and capital gains distributions paid in cash, the Fund automatically reinvests dividends and capital gains distributions in additional Fund shares without reference to the minimum subsequent purchase requirement. There are no sales charges for the reinvestment of dividends.

Each Financial Intermediary may establish its own policy with respect to the reinvestment of dividends and capital gains distributions in additional Fund shares.

Taxes

Please consult your personal tax adviser regarding your specific questions about federal, state and local income taxes. Below is a summary of some important tax issues that affect the Fund and its shareholders. This summary is based on current tax laws, which are subject to change. Unless you are a tax-exempt entity or your investment in Fund shares is made through a tax-deferred retirement account, such as an individual retirement account, you need to be aware of the possible tax consequences when the Fund makes distributions and when you sell Fund shares.

 

The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”) made significant changes to the U.S. federal income tax rules for taxation of individuals and corporations, generally effective for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017. Many of the changes applicable to individuals are temporary and only apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017 and before January 1, 2026. There are only minor changes with respect to the specific rules applicable to a regulated investment company, such as the Fund. The Tax Act, however, made numerous other changes to the tax rules that may affect shareholders and the Fund. You are urged to consult your own tax advisor regarding how the Tax Act affects your investment in the Fund.

Distributions you receive from the Fund will generally be subject to federal income tax, and any state or local income taxes, whether or not you reinvest them in additional shares. Income distributions are generally taxable as ordinary income. Any distributions of net capital gain (the excess of the Fund’s net long-term capital gain over its net short-term capital loss) are taxable as long-term capital gains, regardless of how long you have owned your shares. Distributions of net short-term capital gains are taxable as ordinary income. The Fund does not expect a

17

 

substantial portion of distributions to be treated as qualified dividend income, which is taxable to non-corporate shareholders at reduced rates, or to be eligible for the dividends-received deduction for corporate shareholders.

The Fund (or its administrative agent) will report to shareholders annually the U.S. federal income tax status of all Fund distributions.

Because the Fund may invest in foreign securities, it may be subject to foreign withholding taxes with respect to dividends or interest it receives from sources in foreign countries.

U.S. individuals with income exceeding certain thresholds are subject to a 3.8% Medicare contribution tax on all or a portion of their “net investment income,” which includes interest, dividends, and certain capital gains (including capital gains distributions and capital gains realized on the sale or exchange of shares of the Fund). This 3.8% tax also applies to all or a portion of the undistributed net investment income of certain shareholders that are estates and trusts.

If the Fund declares a dividend in October, November or December, payable to shareholders of record in such a month, and pays it in January of the following year, shareholders will be taxed on the dividend as if it were received in the year in which it was declared.

You may want to avoid buying shares when the Fund is about to declare a dividend or other distribution because such dividend or other distribution will be taxable to you even though it may effectively be a return of a portion of your investment.

Each sale or redemption of Fund shares may be a taxable event. The gain or loss on the sale or redemption of the Fund’s shares generally will be treated as a short-term capital gain or loss if you held the shares for 12 months or less or a long-term capital gain or loss if you held the shares for longer than 12 months. Any loss recognized by you on the sale or redemption of Fund shares with a tax holding period of six months or less will be treated as a long-term capital loss to the extent of any amounts treated as distributions to you of long-term capital gain with respect to such shares.

If you are neither a citizen nor a resident of the United States, the Fund will withhold federal income tax at the rate of 30% (or such lower rate as may be determined in accordance with any applicable treaty) on ordinary dividends and other payments that are subject to such withholding. The 30% withholding tax will not apply to dividends that the Fund reports as (a) interest-related dividends, to the extent such dividends are derived from the Fund’s “qualified net interest income,” or (b) short-term capital gain dividends, to the extent such dividends are derived from the Fund’s “qualified short-term gain.” “Qualified net interest income” is the Fund’s net income derived from U.S.-source interest and original issue discount, subject to certain exceptions and limitations. “Qualified short-term gain” generally means the excess of the net short-term capital gain of the Fund for the taxable year over its net long-term capital loss, if any.

If you do not provide the Fund with your correct taxpayer identification number and any required certifications, you will be subject to backup withholding on your redemption proceeds, distributions and dividends. The backup withholding rate is 24%. Backup withholding will not, however, be applied to payments that have been subject to the 30% withholding tax applicable to shareholders who are neither citizens nor residents of the United States.

The tax treatment of the Fund and its shareholders residing in those states and local jurisdictions that have income tax laws might differ from the treatment under federal income tax laws. Therefore, distributions to shareholders may be subject to additional state and local taxes. Shareholders are urged to consult their personal tax advisors regarding any state or local taxes.

For additional information regarding taxes, please refer to the SAI.

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V. FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS

The Financial Highlights table is intended to help an investor understand the financial performance of the Fund for the past five years (or if shorter, the period of the Fund’s operations). Financial highlights are not available for the Fund because, as of the date of this Prospectus, the Fund had not commenced operations.

 

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More information on the Fund is available free upon request, including the following:

Annual/Semi-Annual Report

The Fund’s annual and semi-annual reports to shareholders provide the Fund’s investments, performance and list of portfolio holdings. The Fund’s annual report contains a letter from the Fund’s Investment Adviser discussing recent market conditions, economic trends and Fund strategies that significantly affected the Fund’s performance during its last fiscal year.

To reduce expenses, we mail only one copy of the Fund’s prospectus and each annual and semi-annual report to those addresses shared by two or more accounts. If you wish to receive individual copies of these documents, please call us at 1-800-575-1265 or if your shares are held through a financial institution please contact them directly. We will typically send you individual copies within three business days after receiving your request.

Statement of Additional Information

The SAI provides more details about the Fund and its policies and information on the Fund’s non-principal investment strategies. A current SAI is on file with the SEC and is incorporated by reference (and is legally considered part of this Prospectus).

To obtain the SAI, Annual Report and Semi-Annual Report without charge:

   
By telephone: Call 1-800-575-1265
 
By mail write to the Fund’s shareholder servicing agent:
  Brown Brothers Harriman & Co.
  140 Broadway
  New York, New York 10005
   
By e-mail send your request to: bbhfunds@bbh.com

 

On the Internet:

Certain Fund documents, including a recent statement of Fund holdings, can be viewed online or downloaded from Fund’s website at: http://www.bbhfunds.com

To obtain other information or to make other shareholder inquiries:

   
By telephone: Call 1-800-575-1265
   
By e-mail send your request to: bbhfunds@bbh.com

 

 

Reports and other information about the Fund are available on the EDGAR Database on the SEC’s Internet site at http://www.sec.gov. Copies of this information may be obtained, after paying a duplicating fee, by electronic request at the following e-mail address: publicinfo@sec.gov.

 

Investment Company Act File No. 811-21829

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A registration statement relating to these securities has been filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission but has not yet become effective. Information contained herein is subject to completion or amendment. These securities may not be sold nor may offers to buy be accepted prior to the time the registration statement becomes effective.

 

 

STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

 

BBH PARTNER FUND - HIGH QUALITY RESERVES

 

Ticker [    ]

 

140 Broadway, New York, New York 10005

[Date]

The BBH Partner Fund - High Quality Reserves (the “Fund”) is a separate, diversified series of BBH Trust (the “Trust”).

This Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”) is not a prospectus and provides new and additional information beyond that contained in the Fund’s prospectus. This SAI should be read in conjunction with the Fund’s prospectus dated [ ] 2020 (the “Prospectus”), as it may be further amended and/or supplemented from time to time. You may obtain the Fund’s Prospectus and annual report without charge by calling 1-800-575-1265.

 

 

Table of Contents

  Page
The Trust 1
Investment Policies, Permitted Investments, and Related Risks 1
Investment Restrictions 25
  Fundamental Investment Policies 25
  Non-Fundamental Investment Policies 26
Management 28
  Board of Trustees 31
  Code of Ethics 34
  Voting Proxies on Fund Portfolio Securities 34
  Portfolio Holdings Information 35
  Investment Advisory and Administrative Services 36
  Distributor 42
  Financial Intermediaries 42
  Revenue Sharing 43
  Custodian and Fund Accounting Agent 43
  Transfer and Dividend Disbursing Agent 43
  Legal Counsel 43
  Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 43
Net Asset Value 43
Purchases and Redemptions 44
Taxes 45
Description of Shares 51
Portfolio Brokerage Transactions 52
Additional Information 53
Financial Statements
Appendix 1 – Description of Ratings 54
Appendix 2 – Listing of Service Providers and Vendors 64

 

 

 

THE TRUST

The Trust is an open-end management investment company registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”). The Trust is a Delaware statutory trust organized on October 28, 2005.

The Trust has a combined Investment Advisory and Administrative Services Agreement (the “Agreement”) with Brown Brothers Harriman & Co. (“BBH&Co.”) through a separately identifiable department (the “SID” or the Investment Adviser”). The SID is registered with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) as an investment adviser as the term is defined under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (“Advisers Act”) and provides investment advice to mutual funds that are registered under the 1940 Act and to collective investment funds organized as Undertakings for Collective Investments in Transferable Securities. The SID provides administrative service to each series of the Trust.

 

INVESTMENT POLICIES, PERMITTED INVESTMENTS, AND RELATED RISKS

General

The Fund’s Prospectus discusses the Fund’s investment objective, principal investment strategies, and principal risks, as well as other important information. The investment techniques and instruments described below and in the Fund’s Prospectus may, consistent with the Fund’s investment objective and investment policies, be used by the Fund if such strategies will be advantageous to the Fund. This section supplements the information in the Prospectus and should be read in conjunction with the Prospectus.

The Fund’s investment objective is non-fundamental and may be changed without the approval of shareholders. The Fund is diversified under the 1940 Act, which means that, with respect to 75% of its total assets, the Fund will not invest more than 5% of its assets in the securities of any single issuer, nor hold more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of any single issuer (other than, in each case, securities of other investment companies, and securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities).

Set forth below is a listing of some of the types of investments and investment strategies that the Fund may use, and the risks and considerations associated with those investments and investment strategies. A check mark indicates that the Fund invests or may invest in such investment. There is a discussion of each of the securities/risks follows

Corporate Debt Securities

The Fund’s investment in U.S. dollar or foreign currency-denominated corporate debt securities of domestic or foreign issuers is limited to corporate bonds, debentures, notes and other similar corporate debt instruments, including convertible securities and including corporate income-producing securities which meet the minimum ratings criteria set forth for the Fund, or, if unrated, are in the Investment Adviser’s opinion, comparable in quality to corporate debt securities in which the Fund may invest.

Corporate income-producing securities may include forms of preferred or preference stock. The rate of interest on a corporate debt security may be fixed, floating or variable, and may vary inversely with respect to a reference rate. The rate of return or return of principal on some debt obligations may be linked or indexed to the level of exchange rates between the U.S. dollar and a foreign currency or currencies. Debt securities may be acquired with warrants attached.

Debt Securities Rating Criteria

High quality, or high grade, debt securities are those rated "A/A" or higher by S&P Ratings Group ("Standard & Poor’s") or the equivalent rating of other NRSROs at the time of purchase (or, if unrated, a security that would, in the opinion of the Investment Adviser, be high grade if rated by a nationally recognized rating organization). Debt securities rated A/A are considered high grade obligations. The obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the high grade obligation is considered very strong. If two or more nationally recognized securities rating organizations have assigned different ratings to a security, the Investment Adviser uses the highest rating assigned.

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If the rating of an high grade debt security is downgraded below A/A by Standard & Poor’s or an equivalent rating by another NRSRO, the Investment Adviser will take appropriate action to evaluate such investment so that the Fund’s investment objective is met. Though the Fund primarily invests in high quality, or high grade, securities, it may invest in lower-rated securities when the Investment Adviser believes that the additional income from these securities justifies the higher risk. See Appendix I for a description of rating categories.

Collateralized Bond Obligations

A Collateralized Bond Obligation (“CBO”) is a trust typically consisting of corporate bonds (both U.S. & foreign). CBOs consist of a portfolio of many underlying securities where the cashflows from the securitization are derived from this portfolio. The cashflows from the trust are split into two or more portions, called tranches, varying in risk and yield. The riskiest portion is the "Equity" tranche, which bears the bulk of defaults from the bonds in the trust and serves to protect the other, more senior tranches from default in all but the most severe circumstances. Since it is partially protected from defaults a senior tranche from a CBO trust typically has a higher rating and lower yield than its underlying securities, and can be rated investment grade. Despite the protection from the equity tranche, CBO tranches can experience substantial losses due to actual defaults, increased sensitivity to defaults due to collateral default and disappearance of protecting tranches, market anticipation of defaults, as well as aversion to CBO securities as a class.

Collateralized Loan Obligations

A Collateralized Loan Obligation (“CLO”) is a trust typically consisting of loans made to issuers (both U.S. and foreign). CLOs consist of a portfolio of many underlying loans where the cashflows from the securitization are derived from this portfolio of loans. The cashflows from the trust are split into two or more portions, called tranches, varying in risk and yield. The riskiest portion is the "Equity" tranche, which bears the bulk of defaults from the loans in the trust and serves to protect the other, more senior tranches from default in all but the most severe circumstances. Since it is partially protected from defaults a senior tranche from a CLO trust typically has a higher rating and lower yield than its underlying securities, and can be rated investment grade. Despite the protection from the equity tranche, CLO tranches can experience substantial losses due to actual defaults, increased sensitivity to defaults due to collateral default and disappearance of protecting tranches, market anticipation of defaults, as well as aversion to CLO securities as a class.

Convertible Securities

A convertible debt security is a bond, debenture, note, or other security that entitles the holder to acquire common stock or other equity securities of the same or a different issuer. A convertible security generally entitles the holder to receive interest paid or accrued until the convertible security matures or is redeemed, converted or exchanged. Before conversion, convertible securities have characteristics similar to non-convertible debt securities. Convertible securities rank senior to common stock in a corporation’s capital structure and, therefore, generally entail less risk than the corporation’s common stock, although the extent to which such risk is reduced depends in large measure upon the degree to which the convertible security sells above its value as a fixed income security.

Because of the conversion feature, the price of the convertible security will normally fluctuate in some proportion to changes in the price of the underlying equity security, and as such is subject to risks relating to the activities of the issuer and/or general market and economic conditions. The income component of a convertible security may tend to cushion the security against declines in the price of the underlying asset. However, the income component of convertible securities causes fluctuations based upon changes in interest rates and the credit quality of the issuer. In addition, convertible securities are often lower-rated securities.

A convertible security may be subject to redemption at the option of the issuer at a predetermined price. If a convertible security held by the Fund is called for redemption, the Fund would be required to permit the issuer to redeem the security and convert it to underlying common stock, or would sell the convertible security to a third party, which may have an adverse effect on the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective. The Fund generally would invest in convertible securities for their favorable price characteristics and total return potential and would normally not exercise an option to convert.

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Mortgage-Related Securities

Mortgage-related securities are interests in pools of residential or commercial mortgage loans, including first and second mortgage loans made by savings and loan institutions, mortgage bankers, commercial banks and others. Pools of mortgage loans are assembled as securities for sale to investors by various governmental, government-related and private organizations. See "Mortgage Pass-Through Securities." The Fund may also invest in other types of mortgage-related securities including, but not limited, to collateralized mortgage obligations (“CMOs”), CMO residuals, commercial mortgage-backed securities and stripped mortgage-related securities.

The rate of prepayments on underlying mortgages will affect the price and volatility of a mortgage-related security, and may have the effect of shortening or extending the effective maturity of the security beyond what was anticipated at the time of purchase.

The principal governmental guarantor of mortgage-related securities is the GNMA, a wholly owned U.S. Government corporation within the Department of Housing and Urban Development. GNMA is authorized to guarantee, with the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government, the timely payment of principal and interest on securities issued by institutions approved by GNMA (such as savings and loan institutions, commercial banks and mortgage bankers) and backed by pools of mortgages insured by the Federal Housing Administration (the "FHA"), or guaranteed by the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (the "VA"). The GNMA is also empowered to borrow without limitation from the U.S. Treasury if necessary to make any payments required under its guarantee.

Obligations of Federal National Mortgage Association ("FNMA") and the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation ("FHLMC") are not backed by the full faith and credit of the United States Government. In the case of obligations not backed by the full faith and credit of the United States Government, the Fund must look principally to the agency issuing or guaranteeing the obligation for ultimate repayment. FNMA and FHLMC may borrow from the U.S. Treasury to meet their obligations, but the U.S. Treasury is under no obligation to lend to FNMA or FHLMC. FNMA purchases conventional (i.e., not insured or guaranteed by any government agency) residential mortgages from a list of approved seller/servicers which include state and federally chartered savings and loan associations, mutual savings banks, commercial banks and credit unions and mortgage bankers. Pass-through securities issued by FNMA are guaranteed as to timely payment of principal and interest by FNMA but are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government. FHLMC was created by Congress in 1970 for the purpose of increasing the availability of mortgage credit for residential housing. FHLMC issues Participation Certificates ("PCs"), which represent interests in conventional mortgages from FHLMC’s national portfolio. FHLMC guarantees the timely payment of interest and ultimate collection of principal, but PCs are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government.

 

Commercial banks, savings and loan institutions, private mortgage insurance companies, mortgage bankers and other secondary market issuers also create pass-through pools of conventional residential mortgage loans. Such issuers may, in addition, be the originators and/or servicers of the underlying mortgage loans as well as the guarantors of the mortgage-related securities. Pools created by such non-governmental issuers generally offer a higher rate of interest than government and government-related pools because there are no direct or indirect government or agency guarantees of payments in the former pools. However, timely payment of interest and principal of these pools may be supported by various forms of insurance or guarantees, including individual loan, title, pool and hazard insurance and letters of credit, which may be issued by governmental entities, private insurers or the mortgage poolers. The insurance and guarantees are issued by governmental entities, private insurers and the mortgage poolers. Such insurance and guarantees and the creditworthiness of the issuers thereof will be considered in determining whether a mortgage-related security meets the Fund’s investment quality standards. There can be no assurance that the private insurers or guarantors can meet their obligations under the insurance policies or guarantee arrangements. The Fund may buy mortgage-related securities without insurance or guarantees if, through an examination of the loan experience and practices of the originator/servicers and poolers, the Investment Adviser determines that the securities meet the Fund’s quality standards. Although the market for such securities is becoming increasingly liquid, securities issued by certain private organizations may not be readily marketable.

 

Mortgage-backed securities that are issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities, are not subject to the Fund’s industry concentration restrictions, set forth below under "Investment Restrictions," by virtue of the exclusion from that test available to all U.S. Government securities. The assets underlying such securities may be represented by a portfolio of first lien residential mortgage (including both whole mortgage loans

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and mortgage participation interests) or portfolios of mortgage pass-through securities issued or guaranteed by GNMA, FNMA or FHLMC. Mortgage loans underlying a mortgage-related security may in turn be insured or guaranteed by the FHA or the VA. In the case of private issue mortgage-related securities whose underlying assets are neither U.S. Government securities nor U.S. Government-insured mortgages, to the extent that real properties securing such assets may be located in the same geographical region, the security may be subject to a greater risk of default than other comparable securities in the event of adverse economic, political or business developments that may affect such region and, ultimately, the ability of residential homeowners to make payments of principal and interest on the underlying mortgages.

Mortgage Pass-Through Securities. Interests in pools of mortgage-related securities differ from other forms of debt securities, which normally provide for periodic payment of interest in fixed amounts with principal payments at maturity or specified call dates. Instead, these securities provide a monthly payment which consists of both interest and principal payments. In effect, these payments are a "pass-through" of the monthly payments made by the individual borrowers on their residential or commercial mortgage loans, net of any fees paid to the issuer or guarantor of such securities. Additional payments are caused by repayments of principal resulting from the sale of the underlying property, refinancing or foreclosure, net of fees or costs which may be incurred. Some mortgage-related securities (such as securities issued by Government National Mortgage Association (“GNMA”)) are described as "modified pass-through." These securities entitle the holder to receive all interest and principal payments owed on the mortgage pool, net of certain fees, at the scheduled payment dates regardless of whether or not the mortgagor actually makes the payment.

Collateralized Mortgage Obligations (“CMOs”). A CMO is a hybrid between a mortgage-backed bond and a mortgage pass-through security. CMOs are similar to both a bond and a pass-through security, as interest and prepaid principal is paid, in most cases, on a monthly basis. Although CMOs, like bonds, may be collateralized by whole mortgage loans, CMOs, like pass-through securities, are more typically collateralized by portfolios of mortgage pass-through securities guaranteed by GNMA, FHLMC, or FNMA, and their income streams.

CMOs are structured into multiple classes, each bearing a different stated maturity. Actual maturity and average life will depend upon the prepayment experience of the collateral. CMOs provide for a modified form of call protection through a de facto breakdown of the underlying pool of mortgages according to how quickly the loans are repaid. Monthly payment of principal received from the pool of underlying mortgages, including prepayments, is first returned to investors holding the shortest maturity class. Investors holding the longer maturity classes receive principal only after the first class has been retired. An investor is partially guarded against a sooner than desired return of principal because of the sequential payments.

In a typical CMO transaction, a corporation issues multiple series (e.g., A, B, C, Z) of CMO bonds ("Bonds"). Proceeds of the Bond offering are used to purchase mortgages or mortgage pass-through certificates ("Collateral"). The Collateral is pledged to a third party trustee as security for the Bonds. Principal and interest payments from the Collateral are used to pay principal on the Bonds in the order A, B, C, Z. The Series A, B, and C Bonds all bear current interest. Interest on the Series Z Bond is accrued and added to principal and a like amount is paid as principal on the Series A, B, or C Bond currently being paid off. When the Series A, B, and C Bonds are paid in full, interest and principal on the Series Z Bond begins to be paid currently. With some CMOs, the issuer serves as a conduit to allow loan originators (primarily builders or savings and loan associations) to borrow against their loan portfolios.

Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities (“CMBS”). CMBS reflect an interest in, and are secured by, mortgage loans on commercial real property. The market for commercial mortgage-backed securities developed more recently and in terms of total outstanding principal amount of issues is relatively small compared to the market for residential single-family mortgage-backed securities. Many of the risks of investing in commercial mortgage-backed securities reflect the risks of investing in the real estate securing the underlying mortgage loans. These risks reflect the effects of local and other economic conditions on real estate markets, the ability of tenants to make loan payments, and the ability of a property to attract and retain tenants. Commercial mortgage-backed securities may be less liquid and exhibit greater price volatility than other types of mortgage- or asset-backed securities.

CMO Residuals. CMO residuals are mortgage securities issued by agencies or instrumentalities of the U.S. Government or by private originators of, or investors in, mortgage loans, including savings and loan associations, homebuilders, mortgage banks, commercial banks, investment banks and special purpose entities of the foregoing.

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The cash flow generated by the mortgage assets underlying a series of CMOs is applied first to make required payments of principal and interest on the CMOs and second to pay the related administrative expenses of the issuer. The residual in a CMO structure generally represents the interest in any excess cash flow remaining after making the foregoing payments. Each payment of such excess cash flow to a holder of the related CMO residual represents income and/or a return of capital. The amount of residual cash flow resulting from a CMO will depend on, among other things, the characteristics of the mortgage assets, the coupon rate of each class of CMO, prevailing interest rates, the amount of administrative expenses and the prepayment experience on the mortgage assets. In particular, the yield to maturity on CMO residuals is extremely sensitive to prepayments on the related underlying mortgage assets, in the same manner as an interest-only ("IO") class of stripped mortgage-backed securities. In addition, if a series of a CMO includes a class that bears interest at an adjustable rate, the yield to maturity on the related CMO residual will also be extremely sensitive to changes in the level of the index upon which interest rate adjustments are based. As described below with respect to stripped mortgage-backed securities, in certain circumstances the Fund may fail to recoup fully its initial investment in a CMO residual.

CMO residuals are generally purchased and sold by institutional investors through several investment banking firms acting as brokers or dealers. The CMO residual market has only very recently developed and CMO residuals currently may not have the liquidity of other more established securities trading in other markets. Transactions in CMO residuals are generally completed only after careful review of the characteristics of the securities in question. In addition, CMO residuals may, or pursuant to an exemption therefrom, may not have been registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "1933 Act"). CMO residuals, whether or not registered under the 1933 Act, may be subject to certain restrictions on transferability, and may be deemed "illiquid" and subject to the Fund’s limitations on investment in illiquid securities.

Stripped Mortgage-Backed Securities (“SMBS”). SMBS are derivative multi-class mortgage securities. SMBS may be issued by agencies or instrumentalities of the U.S. Government, or by private originators of, or investors in, mortgage loans, including savings and loan associations, mortgage banks, commercial banks, investment banks and special purpose entities of the foregoing.

SMBS are usually structured with two classes that receive different proportions of the interest and principal distributions on a pool of mortgage assets. A common type of SMBS will have one class receiving some of the interest and most of the principal from the mortgage assets, while the other class will receive most of the interest and the remainder of the principal. In the most extreme case, one class will receive all of the interest (the "IO" class), while the other class will receive all of the principal (the principal-only or "PO" class). The yield to maturity on an IO class is extremely sensitive to the rate of principal payments (including prepayments) on the related underlying mortgage assets, and a rapid rate of principal payments may have a material adverse effect on the Fund’s yield to maturity from these securities. If the underlying mortgage assets experience greater than anticipated prepayments of principal, the Fund may fail to recoup some or all of its initial investment in these securities even if the security is in one of the highest rating categories.

Although SMBS are purchased and sold by institutional investors through several investment banking firms acting as brokers or dealers, these securities were only recently developed. As a result, established trading markets have not yet developed and, accordingly, these securities may be deemed "illiquid" and subject to the Fund’s limitations on investment in illiquid securities.

Other Mortgage-Related Securities. Other mortgage-related securities include securities other than those described above that directly or indirectly represent a participation in, or are secured by and payable from, mortgage loans on real property."). Other mortgage-related securities may be equity or debt securities issued by agencies or instrumentalities of the U.S. Government or by private originators of, or investors in, mortgage loans, including savings and loan associations, homebuilders, mortgage banks, commercial banks, investment banks, partnerships, trusts and special purpose entities of the foregoing.

Asset-Backed Securities

The Fund may invest in ABS, which are debt obligations or debt securities that entitle the holders thereof to receive payments that depend primarily on the cash flow from underlying financial assets, together with rights or other assets designed to assure the servicing or timely distribution of proceeds to holders of such securities. ABS may be collateralized by assets including, but not limited to, credit card loans, automobile loans, home equity loans and

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manufactured housing and airplane leases. ABS are subject to the risk that a change in interest rates may influence the pace of prepayments of the underlying securities which, in turn, affects yields on an absolute basis. An ABS is typically created by the sale of assets or collateral to a conduit, generally a bankruptcy-remote vehicle such as a grantor trust or other special-purpose entity, which becomes the legal issuer of the ABS. Interests in or other securities issued by the trust or special-purpose entity, which give the holder thereof the right to certain cash flows arising from the underlying assets, are then sold to investors through an investment bank or other securities underwriter.

The structure of an ABS and the terms of the investors’ interest in the collateral can vary depending on the type of collateral, the desires of investors and the use of credit enhancements. Although the basic elements of all ABS are similar, individual transactions can differ markedly in both structure and execution. Holders of ABS bear various risks, including credit risks, liquidity risks, interest rate risks, market risks, operations risks, structural risks and legal risks.

Credit risk is an important issue in ABS because of the significant credit risks inherent in the underlying collateral and because issuers are primarily private entities. Credit risk arises from losses due to defaults by the borrowers in the underlying collateral or the issuer’s or servicer’s failure to perform. Market risk arises from the cash-flow characteristics of the security, which for many ABS tend to be predictable. The greatest variability in cash flows comes from credit performance, including the presence of early amortization or acceleration features designed to protect the investor if credit losses in the portfolio rise well above expected levels. Interest-rate risk arises for the issuer from the relationship between the pricing terms on the underlying collateral and the terms of the rate paid to security holders. Liquidity risk can arise from increased perceived credit risk. Liquidity can also become a significant problem if concerns about credit quality, for example, lead investors to avoid the securities issued by the relevant special-purpose entity. Operations risk arises through the potential for misrepresentation of asset quality or terms by the originating institution, misrepresentation of the nature and current value of the assets by the servicer and inadequate controls over disbursements and receipts by the servicer. Structural risk may arise through investments in ABS with structures (for example, the establishment of various security tranches) that are intended to reallocate the risks entailed in the underlying collateral (particularly credit risk) in ways that give certain investors less credit risk protection (i.e., a lower priority claim on the cash flows from the underlying pool of assets) than others. As a result, such securities have a higher risk of loss as a result of delinquencies or losses on the underlying assets.

U.S. Government Securities

These securities are issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government, its agencies or instrumentalities and may or may not be backed by the "full faith and credit" of the United States. In the case of securities not backed by the full faith and credit of the United States, it may not be possible to assert a claim against the United States itself in the event the agency or instrumentality issuing or guaranteeing the security for ultimate repayment does not meet its commitments. Securities that are not backed by the full faith and credit of the United States include, but are not limited to, securities of the Tennessee Valley Authority, the FNMA, the Federal Farm Credit System, the FHLBs and the FHLMC. Securities that are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States include Treasury bills, Treasury notes, Treasury bonds and pass through obligations of the GNMA, the Farmers Home Administration and the Export-Import Bank. There is no percentage limitation with respect to investments in U.S. government securities.

On September 7, 2008, the U.S. Treasury announced a federal takeover of FNMA and FHLMC, placing the two federal instrumentalities in conservatorship. Under the takeover, the U.S. Treasury agreed to acquire $1 billion of senior preferred stock of each instrumentality and obtained warrants for the purchase of common stock of each instrumentality. Under these Senior Preferred Stock Purchase Agreements (SPAs), the U.S. Treasury has pledged to provide up to $100 billion per instrumentality as needed, including the contribution of cash capital to the instrumentalities in the event their liabilities exceed their assets. On May 6, 2009, the U.S. Treasury increased its maximum commitment to each instrumentality under the SPAs to $200 billion per instrumentality. On December 24, 2009, the U.S. Treasury further amended the SPAs to allow the cap on Treasury's funding commitment to increase as necessary to accommodate any cumulative reduction in FNMA’s and FHLMC’s net worth through the end of 2012. On August 17, 2012, the U.S. Treasury announced that it was again amending the SPAs to terminate the requirement that FNMA and FHLMC each pay a 10% dividend annually on all amounts received under the funding

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commitment. Instead, they will transfer to the U.S. Treasury on a quarterly basis all profits earned during a quarter that exceed a capital reserve amount of $3 billion. It is anticipated that the new amendment would put FNMA and FHLMC in a better position to service their debt. At the start of 2013, the unlimited support the U.S. Treasury extended to the two companies expired – FNMA’s bailout is capped at $125 billion and FHLMC has a limit of $149 billion. On December 21, 2017, the U.S. Treasury and FNMA, agreed to amend the SPA to increase the annual dividend rate paid by FNMA to 12% to be paid quarterly on all profits earned during the quarter that exceed a capital reserve amount of $3 billion.

The actions of the U.S. Treasury are intended to ensure that FNMA and FHLMC maintain a positive net worth and meet their financial obligations preventing mandatory triggering of receivership. No assurance can be given that the U.S. Treasury initiatives will be successful.

 

On August 5, 2011, Standard & Poor’s Financial Services LLC (S&P) lowered the long-term sovereign credit rating assigned to the United States to AA+ with a negative outlook. On August 8, 2011, S&P downgraded the long-term senior debt rating of FNMA and FHLMC to AA+ with a negative outlook. The long-term impacts of any future downgrades are unknown. However, any future downgrades could have a material adverse impact on global financial markets and worldwide economic conditions, and could negatively impact the Fund.

 

Inflation-Indexed Bonds

Inflation-Indexed bonds are securities that are structured to provide protection against inflation. Such securities are commonly referred to as Inflation-Indexed Securities or IIS. Unlike traditional notes and bonds, which pay a stated rate of interest in dollars and are redeemed at their par amounts, IIS have regular adjustments to their interest payments and redemption value to compensate for the loss of purchasing power from inflation.

Variable and Floating Rate Instruments

The Fund may invest in variable rate and floating rate instruments. These are securities whose interest rates are reset daily, weekly or at another periodic date so that the security remains close to par, minimizing changes in its market value. These securities often have a demand feature, which entitles the investor to repayment of principal plus accrued interest on short notice. In calculating the maturity of a variable rate or floating rate instrument for the Fund, the date of the next interest rate reset is used.

Zero Coupon Bonds

The Fund may invest in zero coupon bonds. These are securities issued at a discount from their face value that pay all interest and principal upon maturity. The difference between the purchase price and par is a specific compounded interest rate for the investor. In calculating the daily income of the Fund, a portion of the difference between a zero coupon bond’s purchase price and its face value is taken into account as income.

Deferred Interest Bonds

A deferred interest bond is a bond such as a zero-coupon bond that does not pay interest until a later date. Prices for deferred interest bonds are less stable than for a current coupon bond.

PIK (Payment-In-Kind) Securities

Bonds or preferred stock whose dividends are in the form of additional bonds or preferred stock are called PIK securities. PIK bonds have longer effective durations due to the deferral of cash payouts, and are typically issued by lower quality issuers. As a result, they tend to be much more volatile than cash-pay bonds.

Municipal Obligations

The Fund may purchase municipal obligations when the Investment Adviser believes that they offer favorable rates of income or capital gain potential when compared to a taxable investment. The term "municipal obligations" generally is understood to include debt obligations issued by municipalities to obtain funds for various public purposes, the interest on which is, in the opinion of bond counsel to the issuer, excluded from gross income for

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federal income tax purposes. In addition, if the proceeds from private activity bonds are used for the construction, repair or improvement of privately operated industrial or commercial facilities, the interest paid on such bonds may be excluded from gross income for federal income tax purposes, although current federal tax laws place substantial limitations on the size of these issues. The Fund’s distributions of any interest it earns on municipal obligations will be taxable to shareholders as ordinary income.

The two principal classifications of municipal obligations are "general obligation" and "revenue" bonds. General obligation bonds are secured by the issuer’s pledge of its faith, credit, and taxing power for the payment of principal and interest. Revenue bonds are payable from the revenues derived from a particular facility or class of facilities or, in some cases, from the proceeds of a special excise or other specific revenue source, but not from the general taxing power. Sizable investments in these obligations could involve an increased risk to the Fund should any of the related facilities experience financial difficulties. Private activity bonds are in most cases revenue bonds and do not generally carry the pledge of the credit of the issuing municipality. There are, of course, variations in the security of municipal obligations, both within a particular classification and between classifications.

Event-Linked Bonds

Event-linked bonds are fixed income securities for which the return of principal and payment of interest is contingent on the non-occurrence of a specific "trigger" event, such as a hurricane, earthquake, or other physical or other loss-creating phenomenon. They may be issued by government agencies, insurance companies, reinsurers, special purpose corporations or other on-shore or off-shore entities. If a trigger event causes losses exceeding a specific amount in the geographic region and time period specified in a bond, the Fund investing in the bond may lose a portion or all of its principal invested in the bond. If no trigger event occurs, the Fund will recover its principal plus interest. For some event-linked bonds, the trigger event or losses may be based on company-wide losses, index-portfolio losses, industry indices, or readings of scientific instruments rather than specified actual losses. Often the event-linked bonds provide for extensions of maturity that are mandatory, or optional at the discretion of the issuer, in order to process and audit loss claims in those cases where a trigger event has, or possibly has, occurred. In addition to the specified trigger events, event-linked bonds may also expose the Fund to certain unanticipated risks including but not limited to issuer (credit) default, adverse regulatory or jurisdictional interpretations, and adverse tax consequences.

Event-linked bonds are a relatively new type of financial instrument. As such, there is no significant trading history of these securities, and there can be no assurance that a liquid market in these instruments will develop. See "Illiquid Securities" below. Lack of a liquid market may impose the risk of higher transaction costs and the possibility that the Fund may be forced to liquidate positions when it would not be advantageous to do so. Event-linked bonds are typically rated, and the Fund will only invest in catastrophe bonds that meet the credit quality requirements for the Fund.

Short-Term Instruments

In addition to investing in short-term instruments as described in the Fund’s prospectus, the Fund’s assets may also be invested in short-term instruments to meet anticipated expenses or for day-to-day operating purposes and when, in the Investment Adviser’s opinion, it is advisable to adopt a temporary defensive position because of unusual and adverse conditions affecting the markets. In addition, when the Fund experiences large cash inflows through additional investments by its investors or the sale of portfolio securities, and desirable securities that are consistent with its investment objective are unavailable in sufficient quantities, assets may be held in short-term investments for a limited time pending availability of such securities. Short-term instruments consist of foreign and domestic: (i) short-term obligations of sovereign governments, their agencies, instrumentalities, authorities or political subdivisions; (ii) other short-term debt securities rated A or higher by Moody’s or Standard & Poor’s, or if unrated are of comparable quality in the opinion of the Investment Adviser; (iii) commercial paper; (iv) bank obligations, including negotiable certificates of deposit, fixed time deposits and bankers' acceptances; and (v) repurchase agreements. Time deposits with a maturity of more than seven days are treated as not readily marketable. At the time the Fund’s assets are invested in commercial paper, bank obligations or repurchase agreements, the issuer must have outstanding debt rated A or higher by Moody’s or Standard & Poor’s; the issuer’s parent corporation, if any, must have outstanding commercial paper rated Prime-1 by Moody’s or A-1 by Standard & Poor’s; or, if no such ratings are available, the instrument must be of comparable quality in the opinion of the Investment Adviser. The assets of the Fund may be invested in non-U.S. dollar denominated and U.S. dollar denominated short-term instruments,

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including U.S. dollar denominated repurchase agreements. Cash is held for the Fund with the Fund’s custodian bank.

When-Issued and Delayed Delivery Securities

The Fund may purchase securities on a when-issued or delayed delivery basis. For example, delivery and payment may take place a month or more after the date of the transaction. The purchase price and the interest rate payable on the securities are fixed on the transaction date. The securities so purchased are subject to market fluctuation and no interest accrues to the Fund until delivery and payment take place.

At the time the commitment to purchase securities for the Fund on a when-issued or delayed delivery basis is made, the transaction is recorded and thereafter the value of such securities is reflected each day in determining the Fund’s net asset value per share (“NAV”). At the time of its acquisition, a when-issued or delayed delivery security may be valued at less than the purchase price. To facilitate such acquisitions, a segregated account with BBH&Co., the custodian (the “Custodian”) for the Fund, is maintained for the Fund with liquid assets in an amount at least equal to such commitments. Such segregated account consists of liquid assets marked to the market daily, with additional liquid assets added when necessary to ensure that at all times the value of such account is equal to the commitments. On delivery dates for such transactions, such obligations are met from maturities or sales of the securities held in the segregated account and/or from cash flow. If the right to acquire a when-issued or delayed delivery security is disposed of prior to its acquisition, the Fund could, as with the disposition of any other portfolio obligation, incur a gain or loss due to market fluctuation.

Derivative Instruments

In pursuing its investment objective, the Fund may purchase and sell (write) both put options and call options on securities, securities indexes, and foreign currencies, and enter into interest rate, foreign currency and index futures contracts and purchase and sell options on such futures contracts ("futures options") as part of their overall investment strategies. The Fund also may purchase and sell foreign currency options for purposes of increasing exposure to a foreign currency or to shift exposure to foreign currency fluctuations from one country to another. The Fund also may enter into swap agreements with respect to interest rates, inflation, credit default and indexes of securities, and to the extent it may invest in foreign currency-denominated securities, may enter into swap agreements with respect to foreign currencies. The Fund may invest in structured securities, which may be issued by a trust. If other types of financial instruments, including other types of options, swaps, futures contracts, or futures options are traded in the future, the Fund may also use those instruments, provided that the Trust’s Board of Trustees (the “Board” or “Trustees”) determine that their use is consistent with the Fund’s investment objective.

The value of some derivative instruments in which the Fund may invest may be particularly sensitive to changes in prevailing interest rates, and, like the other investments of the Fund, the ability of the Fund to successfully utilize these instruments may depend in part upon the ability of the Investment Adviser to forecast interest rates and other economic factors correctly. If the Investment Adviser incorrectly forecasts such factors and has taken positions in derivative instruments contrary to prevailing market trends, the Fund could be exposed to the risk of loss.

No assurance can be given that any strategy described below, if used by the Fund, will succeed. If the Investment Adviser incorrectly forecasts interest rates, market values or other economic factors in utilizing a derivatives strategy for the Fund, the Fund might have been in a better position if it had not entered into the transaction at all. Also, suitable derivative transactions may not be available in all circumstances. The use of these strategies involves certain special risks, including a possible imperfect correlation, or even no correlation, between price movements of derivative instruments and price movements of related investments. While some strategies involving derivative instruments can reduce the risk of loss, they can also reduce the opportunity for gain or even result in losses by offsetting favorable price movements in related investments or otherwise, due to the possible inability of the Fund to purchase or sell a portfolio security at a time that otherwise would be favorable or the possible need to sell a portfolio security at a disadvantageous time because the Fund is required to maintain asset coverage or offsetting positions in connection with transactions in derivative instruments, and the possible inability of the Fund to close out or to liquidate its derivatives positions. In addition, the Fund’s use of such instruments may cause the Fund to realize higher amounts of short-term capital gains (generally taxed at ordinary income tax rates) than if it had not used such instruments.

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Options on Securities and Indexes

The Fund may, to the extent specified herein, purchase and sell both put and call options on fixed income or other securities or indexes in standardized contracts traded on foreign or domestic securities exchanges, boards of trade, or similar entities, or quoted on NASDAQ or on a regulated foreign or domestic over-the-counter market, and agreements, sometimes called cash puts, which may accompany the purchase of a new issue of bonds from a dealer.

An option on a security (or index) is a contract that gives the holder of the option, in return for a premium, the right to buy from (in the case of a call) or sell to (in the case of a put) the writer of the option the security underlying the option (or the cash value of the index) at a specified exercise price at any time during the term of the option. The writer of an option on a security has the obligation upon exercise of the option to deliver the underlying security upon payment of the exercise price or to pay the exercise price upon delivery of the underlying security. Upon exercise, the writer of an option on an index is obligated to pay the difference between the cash value of the index and the exercise price multiplied by the specified multiplier for the index option. (An index is designed to reflect features of a particular financial or securities market, a specific group of financial instruments or securities, or certain economic indicators.)

The Fund will write call options and put options only if they are "covered." In the case of a call option on a security, the option is "covered" if the Fund owns the security underlying the call or has an absolute and immediate right to acquire that security without additional cash consideration (or, if additional cash consideration is required, cash or other assets determined to be liquid by the Investment Adviser in accordance with procedures established by the Board, in such amount are segregated by the Custodian) upon conversion or exchange of other securities held by the Fund. For a call option on an index, the option is covered if the Fund maintains with its Custodian assets determined to be liquid by the Investment Adviser in accordance with procedures established by the Board, in an amount equal to the contract value of the index. A call option is also covered if the Fund holds a call on the same security or index as the call written where the exercise price of the call held is: (i) equal to or less than the exercise price of the call written, or (ii) greater than the exercise price of the call written, provided the difference is maintained by the Fund in segregated assets determined to be liquid by the Investment Adviser in accordance with procedures established by the Board. A put option on a security or an index is "covered" if the Fund segregates assets determined to be liquid by the Investment Adviser in accordance with procedures established by the Board equal to the exercise price. A put option is also covered if the Fund holds a put on the same security or index as the put written where the exercise price of the put held is: (i) equal to or greater than the exercise price of the put written, or (ii) less than the exercise price of the put written, provided the difference is maintained by the Fund in segregated assets determined to be liquid by the Investment Adviser in accordance with procedures established by the Board.

If an option written by the Fund expires unexercised, the Fund realizes a capital gain equal to the premium received at the time the option was written. If an option purchased by the Fund expires unexercised, the Fund realizes a capital loss equal to the premium paid. Prior to the earlier of exercise or expiration, an exchange traded option may be closed out by an offsetting purchase or sale of an option of the same series (type, exchange, underlying security or index, exercise price, and expiration). There can be no assurance, however, that a closing purchase or sale transaction can be effected when the Fund desires.

The Fund may sell put or call options on securities it has previously purchased, which could result in a net gain or loss depending on whether the amount realized on the sale is more or less than the premium and other transaction costs paid on the put or call option which is sold. Prior to exercise or expiration, an option may be closed out by an offsetting purchase or sale of an option of the same series. The Fund will realize a capital gain from a closing purchase transaction if the cost of the closing option is less than the premium received from writing the option, or, if it is more, the Fund will realize a capital loss. If the premium received from a closing sale transaction is more than the premium paid to purchase the option, the Fund will realize a capital gain or, if it is less, the Fund will realize a capital loss. The principal factors affecting the market value of a put or a call option include supply and demand, interest rates, the current market price of the underlying security or index in relation to the exercise price of the option, the volatility of the underlying security or index, and the time remaining until the expiration date.

The premium paid for a put or call option purchased by the Fund is an asset of the Fund. The premium received for an option written by the Fund is recorded as a deferred credit. The value of an option purchased or written is marked to market daily and is valued at the closing price on the exchange on which it is traded or, if not traded on an exchange or no closing price is available, at the mean between the last bid and asked prices.

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The Fund may write covered straddles consisting of a combination of a call and a put written on the same underlying security. A straddle will be covered when sufficient assets are deposited to meet the Fund’s immediate obligations. The Fund may use the same liquid assets to cover both the call and put options where the exercise price of the call and put are the same, or the exercise price of the call is higher than that of the put. In such cases, the Fund will also segregate liquid assets equivalent to the amount, if any, by which the put is "in the money."

Risks Associated with Options on Securities and Indexes

There are several risks associated with transactions in options on securities and on indexes. For example, there are significant differences between the securities and options markets that could result in an imperfect correlation between these markets, causing a given transaction not to achieve its objectives. A decision as to whether, when and how to use options involves the exercise of skill and judgment, and even a well-conceived transaction may be unsuccessful to some degree because of market behavior or unexpected events.

During the option period, the covered call writer has, in return for the premium on the option, given up the opportunity to profit from a price increase in the underlying security above the exercise price, but, as long as its obligation as a writer continues, has retained the risk of loss should the price of the underlying security decline. The writer of an option has no control over the time when it may be required to fulfill its obligation as a writer of the option. Once an option writer has received an exercise notice, it cannot effect a closing purchase transaction in order to terminate its obligation under the option and must deliver the underlying security at the exercise price. If a put or call option purchased by the Fund is not sold when it has remaining value, and if the market price of the underlying security remains equal to or greater than the exercise price (in the case of a put), or remains less than or equal to the exercise price (in the case of a call), the Fund will lose its entire investment in the option. Also, where a put or call option on a particular security is purchased to hedge against price movements in a related security, the price of the put or call option may move more or less than the price of the related security.

There can be no assurance that a liquid market will exist when the Fund seeks to close out an option position. If the Fund were unable to close out an option that it had purchased on a security, it would have to exercise the option in order to realize any profit or the option may expire worthless. If the Fund were unable to close out a covered call option that it had written on a security, it would not be able to sell the underlying security unless the option expired without exercise. As the writer of a covered call option, the Fund forgoes, during the option’s life, the opportunity to profit from increases in the market value of the security covering the call option above the sum of the premium and the exercise price of the call.

If trading were suspended in an option purchased by the Fund, the Fund would not be able to close out the option. If restrictions on exercise were imposed, the Fund might be unable to exercise an option it has purchased. Except to the extent that a call option on an index written by the Fund is covered by an option on the same index purchased by the Fund, movements in the index may result in a loss to the Fund; however, such losses may be mitigated by changes in the value of the Fund’s securities during the period the option was outstanding.

Options on Foreign Currencies

The Fund may buy or sell put and call options on foreign currencies either on exchanges or in the over-the-counter market. A put option on a foreign currency gives the purchaser of the option the right to sell a foreign currency at the exercise price until the option expires. A call option on a foreign currency gives the purchaser of the option the right to purchase the currency at the exercise price until the option expires. Currency options traded on U.S. or other exchanges may be subject to position limits that may limit the ability of the Fund to reduce foreign currency risk using such options. Over-the-counter options differ from traded options in that they are two-party contracts with price and other terms negotiated between buyer and seller, and generally do not have as much market liquidity as exchange-traded options.

Futures Contracts and Options on Futures Contracts

The Fund may invest in interest rate futures contracts and options thereon ("futures options"), and to the extent it may invest in foreign currency-denominated securities, may also invest in foreign currency futures contracts and options thereon. An interest rate, foreign currency or index futures contract provides for the future sale by one party and purchase by another party of a specified quantity of a financial instrument, foreign currency or the cash value of

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an index at a specified price and time. A futures contract on an index is an agreement pursuant to which two parties agree to take or make delivery of an amount of cash equal to the difference between the value of the index at the close of the last trading day of the contract and the price at which the index contract was originally written. Although the value of an index might be a function of the value of certain specified securities, no physical delivery of these securities is made. A public market exists in futures contracts covering a number of indexes as well as financial instruments and foreign currencies, including: U.S. Treasury bonds; U.S. Treasury notes; GNMA Certificates; three-month U.S. Treasury bills; 90-day commercial paper; bank certificates of deposit; Eurodollar certificates of deposit; the Australian dollar; the Canadian dollar; the British pound; the Swiss franc; certain multinational currencies, such as the Euro; the Japanese yen; and the Mexican peso. It is expected that other futures contracts will be developed and traded in the future.

The Fund may purchase and write call and put futures options. Futures options possess many of the same characteristics as options on securities and indexes (discussed above). A futures option gives the holder the right, in return for the premium paid, to assume a long position (call) or short position (put) in a futures contract at a specified exercise price at any time during the period of the option. Upon exercise of a call option, the holder acquires a long position in the futures contract and the writer is assigned the opposite short position. In the case of a put option, the opposite is true.

To the extent the Fund uses futures and/or options on futures, it will do so in accordance with Rule 4.5 under the Commodity Exchange Act, as amended (“CEA”). The Trust, on behalf of the Fund has filed with the National Futures Association a notice claiming an exclusion from the definition of the term “commodity pool operator” (“CPO”) under the CEA, and the rules of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”) promulgated thereunder, with respect to the Fund’s operation. The Trust is not subject to registration or regulation as a CPO. However, the CFTC has adopted certain rule amendments that significantly affect the continued availability of this exclusion, and may subject advisers to funds to regulation by the CFTC. Although the Trust has initially concluded that as of the date of this SAI the Fund should be able to operate within the exclusions from CFTC regulation, there is no certainty that the Fund or the Trust will be able to continue to rely on an exclusion from CFTC regulation in the future. The Fund may determine not to use investment strategies that trigger additional CFTC regulation or may determine to operate subject to CFTC regulation, if applicable. If the Fund or the Trust operates subject to CFTC regulation, it may incur additional expenses.

The Fund may use futures contracts to hedge against anticipated changes in interest rates that might adversely affect either the value of the Fund’s securities or the price of the securities that the Fund intends to purchase. The Fund’s hedging activities may include sales of futures contracts as an offset against the effect of expected increases in interest rates, and purchases of futures contracts as an offset against the effect of expected declines in interest rates. Although other techniques could be used to reduce the Fund’s exposure to interest rate fluctuations, the Fund may be able to hedge its exposure more effectively and perhaps at a lower cost by using futures contracts and futures options. The Fund may also use futures to obtain market exposure to certain market or market segments.

The Fund will only enter into futures contracts and futures options which are standardized and traded on a U.S. or foreign exchange, board of trade, or similar entity or quoted on an automated quotation system.

When a purchase or sale of a futures contract is made by the Fund, the Fund is required to deposit with its Custodian (or eligible broker, if legally permitted) a specified amount of assets determined to be liquid by the Investment Adviser in accordance with procedures established by the Board ("initial margin"). The margin required for a futures contract is set by the exchange on which the contract is traded and may be modified during the term of the contract. Margin requirements on foreign exchanges may be different than U.S. exchanges. The initial margin is in the nature of a performance bond or good faith deposit on the futures contract which is returned to the Fund upon termination of the contract, assuming all contractual obligations have been satisfied. The Fund expects to earn interest income on its initial margin deposits. A futures contract held by the Fund is valued daily at the official settlement price of the exchange on which it is traded. Each day the Fund pays or receives cash, called "variation margin," equal to the daily change in value of the futures contract. This process is known as "marking to market." Variation margin does not represent a borrowing or loan by the Fund but is instead a settlement between the Fund and the broker of the amount one would owe the other if the futures contract expired. In computing daily net NAV, the Fund will mark to market its open futures positions.

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The Fund is also required to deposit and maintain margin with respect to put and call options on futures contracts written by it. Such margin deposits will vary depending on the nature of the underlying futures contract (and the related initial margin requirements), the current market value of the option, and other futures positions held by the Fund.

Although some futures contracts call for making or taking delivery of the underlying securities, generally these obligations are closed out prior to delivery by offsetting purchases or sales of matching futures contracts (same exchange, underlying security or index, and delivery month). If an offsetting purchase price is less than the original sale price, the Fund realizes a capital gain, or if it is more, the Fund realizes a capital loss. Conversely, if an offsetting sale price is more than the original purchase price, the Fund realizes a capital gain, or if it is less, the Fund realizes a capital loss. The transaction costs must also be included in these calculations.

The Fund may write covered straddles consisting of a call and a put written on the same underlying futures contract. A straddle will be covered when sufficient assets are deposited to meet the Fund’s immediate obligations. The Fund may use the same liquid assets to cover both the call and put options where the exercise price of the call and put are the same, or the exercise price of the call is higher than that of the put. In such cases, the Fund will also segregate liquid assets equivalent to the amount, if any, by which the put is "in the money."

Other Considerations Relating to Futures and Futures Options

When purchasing a futures contract, the Fund will maintain with its Custodian (and mark-to-market on a daily basis) assets determined to be liquid by the Investment Adviser in accordance with procedures established by the Board, that, when added to the amounts deposited with a futures commission merchant as margin, are equal to the market value of the futures contract. Alternatively, the Fund may "cover" its position by purchasing a put option on the same futures contract with a strike price as high as or higher than the price of the contract held by the Fund.

When selling a futures contract, the Fund will maintain with its Custodian (and mark-to-market on a daily basis) assets determined to be liquid by the Investment Adviser in accordance with procedures established by the Board that are equal to the market value of the instruments underlying the contract. Alternatively, the Fund may "cover" its position by owning the instruments underlying the contract (or, in the case of an index futures contract, a portfolio with a volatility substantially similar to that of the index on which the futures contract is based), or by holding a call option permitting the Fund to purchase the same futures contract at a price no higher than the price of the contract written by the Fund (or at a higher price if the difference is maintained in liquid assets with the Fund’s Custodian).

With respect to futures contracts that are not legally required to “cash settle,” the Fund may cover the open position by setting aside or “earmarking” liquid assets in an amount equal to the market value of the futures contract. With respect to futures that are required to “cash settle,” however, the Fund is permitted to set aside or “earmark” liquid assets in an amount equal to the Fund’s daily marked to market (net) obligation, if any, (in other words, the Fund’s daily net liability, if any) rather than the market value of the futures contract. By setting aside assets equal to only its net obligation under cash-settled futures, the Fund will have the ability to employ leverage to a greater extent than if the Fund were required to segregate assets equal to the full market value of the futures contract.

When selling a call option on a futures contract, the Fund will maintain with its Custodian (and mark-to-market on a daily basis) assets determined to be liquid by the Investment Adviser in accordance with procedures established by the Board, that, when added to the amounts deposited with a futures commission merchant as margin, equal the total market value of the futures contract underlying the call option. Alternatively, the Fund may cover its position by entering into a long position in the same futures contract at a price no higher than the strike price of the call option, by owning the instruments underlying the futures contract, or by holding a separate call option permitting the Fund to purchase the same futures contract at a price not higher than the strike price of the call option sold by the Fund.

When selling a put option on a futures contract, the Fund will maintain with its Custodian (and mark-to-market on a daily basis) assets determined to be liquid by the Investment Adviser in accordance with procedures established by the Board, that equal the purchase price of the futures contract, less any margin on deposit. Alternatively, the Fund may cover the position either by entering into a short position in the same futures contract, or by owning a separate put option permitting it to sell the same futures contract so long as the strike price of the purchased put option is the same or higher than the strike price of the put option sold by the Fund.

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To the extent that securities with maturities greater than one year are used to segregate assets to cover the Fund’s obligations under futures contracts and related options, such use will not eliminate the risk of a form of leverage, which may tend to exaggerate the effect on NAV of any increase or decrease in the market value of the Fund’s portfolio, and may require liquidation of portfolio positions when it is not advantageous to do so. However, any potential risk of leverage resulting from the use of securities with maturities greater than one year may be mitigated by the overall duration limit on the Fund’s portfolio of securities. Thus, the use of a longer-term security may require the Fund to hold offsetting short-term securities to balance the Fund’s portfolio of securities such that the Fund’s duration does not exceed the maximum permitted for the Fund in the Prospectus.

The requirements for qualification as a regulated investment company also may limit the extent to which the Fund may enter into futures, futures options or forward contracts. See "Taxes."

Risks Associated with Futures and Futures Options

There are several risks associated with the use of futures contracts and futures options. A purchase or sale of a futures contract may result in losses in excess of the amount invested in the futures contract. When used as a hedging technique, there can be no guarantee that there will be a correlation between price movements in the hedging vehicle and in the Fund’s portfolio of securities being hedged. In addition, there are significant differences between the securities and futures markets that could result in an imperfect correlation between the markets, causing a given hedge not to achieve its objectives. The degree of imperfection of correlation depends on circumstances such as variations in speculative market demand for futures and futures options on securities, including technical influences in futures trading and futures options, and differences between the financial instruments being hedged and the instruments underlying the standard contracts available for trading in such respects as interest rate levels, maturities, and creditworthiness of issuers. A decision as to whether, when and how to hedge involves the exercise of skill and judgment, and even a well-conceived hedge may be unsuccessful to some degree because of market behavior or unexpected interest rate trends.

Futures contracts on U.S. Government securities historically have reacted to an increase or decrease in interest rates in a manner similar to that in which the underlying U.S. Government securities reacted. Thus, the anticipated spread between the price of the futures contract and the hedged security may be distorted due to differences in the nature of the markets. The spread also may be distorted by differences in initial and variation margin requirements, the liquidity of such markets and the participation of speculators in such markets.

Futures exchanges may limit the amount of fluctuation permitted in certain futures contract prices during a single trading day. The daily limit establishes the maximum amount that the price of a futures contract may vary either up or down from the previous day’s settlement price at the end of the current trading session. Once the daily limit has been reached in a futures contract subject to the limit, no more trades may be made on that day at a price beyond that limit. The daily limit governs only price movements during a particular trading day and therefore does not limit potential losses because the limit may work to prevent the liquidation of unfavorable positions. For example, futures prices have occasionally moved the daily limit for several consecutive trading days with little or no trading, thereby preventing prompt liquidation of positions and subjecting some holders of futures contracts to substantial losses.

There can be no assurance that a liquid market will exist at a time when the Fund seeks to close out a futures or a futures option position, and the Fund would remain obligated to meet margin requirements until the position is closed. In addition, many of the contracts discussed above are relatively new instruments without a significant trading history. As a result, there can be no assurance that an active secondary market will develop or continue to exist.

Reset Options

Typically, a call option or warrant whose strike price may be reset to a lower strike or a put whose strike price may be reset to a higher strike at some point during the life of the instrument if the option is out of the money on the reset date. There may be a limit to the magnitude of the strike price adjustment and the reset may be triggered by a specific price on the underlying rather than set on a specific reset date.

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"Yield Curve" Options

Yield curve options allow buyers to protect themselves from adverse movements in the yield curve. Yield curve options are often based on the difference in the yields of bonds of different maturities.

Additional Risks of Trading Options

Options on securities, futures contracts, options on futures contracts and options on currencies may be traded on foreign exchanges. Such transactions may not be regulated as effectively as similar transactions in the United States; may not involve a clearing mechanism and related guarantees, and are subject to the risk of governmental actions affecting trading in, or the prices of, foreign securities. The value of such positions also could be adversely affected by: (i) other complex foreign political, legal and economic factors; (ii) lesser availability than in the United States of data on which to make trading decisions; (iii) delays in a Fund’s ability to act upon economic events occurring in foreign markets during non-business hours in the United States; (iv) the imposition of different exercise and settlement terms and procedures and margin requirements than in the United States, and (v) lesser trading volume.

Swap Agreements

The Fund may enter into interest rate, inflation, index, credit default and, to the extent it may invest in foreign currency-denominated securities, currency exchange rate swap agreements. These transactions are entered into in an attempt to obtain a particular return when it is considered desirable to do so, possibly at a lower cost to the Fund than if the Fund had invested directly in an instrument that yielded that desired return. Swap agreements are two party contracts entered into primarily by institutional investors for periods ranging from a few weeks to more than one year. In a standard "swap" transaction, two parties agree to exchange the returns (or differentials in rates of return) earned or realized on particular predetermined investments or instruments, which may be adjusted for an interest factor. The gross returns to be exchanged or "swapped" between the parties are generally calculated with respect to a "notional amount," i.e., the return on or increase in value of a particular dollar amount invested at a particular interest rate, in a particular foreign currency, or in a "basket" of securities representing a particular index. Forms of swap agreements include interest rate caps, under which, in return for a premium, one party agrees to make payments to the other to the extent that interest rates exceed a specified rate, or "cap"; interest rate floors, under which, in return for a premium, one party agrees to make payments to the other to the extent that interest rates fall below a specified rate, or "floor"; and interest rate collars, under which a party sells a cap and purchases a floor or vice versa in an attempt to protect itself against interest rate movements exceeding given minimum or maximum levels.

Credit default swap agreements specify that one party pays a fixed periodic coupon for the life of the agreement to another party. The other party makes no payment unless a credit event, relating to a predetermined security, occurs. If such an event occurs, the party will make a payment to the other party and the swap will be terminated. The size of the payment is usually linked to the decline in such security’s market value following the occurrence of the credit event. The Fund may use credit default swaps to either gain exposure or to hedge its exposure to issuer credit risk.

Most swap agreements entered into by the Fund would calculate the obligations of the parties to the agreement on a "net basis." Consequently, the Fund’s current obligations (or rights) under a swap agreement will generally be equal only to the net amount to be paid or received under the agreement based on the relative values of the positions held by each party to the agreement (the "net amount"). The Fund’s current obligations under a swap agreement will be accrued daily (offset against any amounts owed to the Fund) and any accrued but unpaid net amounts owed to a swap counterparty will be covered by the segregation of assets determined to be liquid by the Investment Adviser in accordance with procedures established by the Board, to avoid any potential leveraging of the Fund’s portfolio of securities. Obligations under swap agreements so covered will not be construed to be "senior securities" for purposes of the Fund’s investment restriction concerning senior securities. With respect to swap agreements, including credit default swaps, the Fund will segregate any liquid high grade instruments against the full notional value of the swap written.

Whether the Fund’s use of swap agreements will be successful in furthering its investment objective will depend on the Investment Adviser’s ability to predict correctly whether certain types of investments are likely to produce greater returns than other investments. Because they are two party contracts and because they may have terms of greater than seven days, swap agreements may be considered to be illiquid. Moreover, the Fund bears the risk of loss

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of the amount expected to be received under a swap agreement in the event of the default or bankruptcy of a swap agreement counterparty. The Fund will enter into swap agreements only with counterparties that meet certain standards of creditworthiness. Certain restrictions imposed on the Fund by the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”) may limit the Fund’s ability to use swap agreements.

The absence of a regulated execution facility or contract market and lack of liquidity for swap transactions has led, in some instances, to difficulties in trading and valuation, especially in the event of market disruptions. Financial reform legislation requires many major categories of swaps to be executed on a regulated exchange or contract market and to be cleared through a regulated clearinghouse. Once implemented, new regulations, including margin, clearing and trade execution requirements, may make derivatives such as swaps more costly, may limit their availability, or may otherwise adversely affect the value or performance of these instruments.

Certain swaps, such as interest rate swaps and credit default swaps that are based on an index, are required under applicable law to be cleared by a regulated clearinghouse. Swaps subject to this requirement are typically submitted for clearing through brokerage firms that are members of the clearinghouse. The Fund would establish an account with a brokerage firm to facilitate clearing such a swap, and the clearinghouse would become the Fund’s counterparty. A brokerage firm would guarantee the Fund’s performance on the swap to the clearinghouse. The Fund would be exposed to the credit risk of the clearinghouse and the brokerage firm that holds the cleared swap. The brokerage firm also would impose margin requirements with respect to open cleared swap positions held by the Fund, and the brokerage firm would be able to require termination of those positions in certain circumstances. These margin requirements and termination provisions may adversely affect the Fund’s ability to trade cleared swaps. In addition, the Fund may not be able to recover the full amount of its margin from a brokerage firm if the firm were to go into bankruptcy. It is also possible that the Fund would not be able to enter into a swap transaction that is required to be cleared if no clearinghouse will accept the swap for clearing.

Swaps that are required to be cleared must be traded on a regulated execution facility or contract market that makes them available for trading. The transition from trading swaps bilaterally to trading them on such a facility or market may not result in swaps being easier to trade or value and may present certain execution risks if these facilities and markets do not operate properly. On-facility trading of swaps is also expected to lead to greater standardization of their terms. It is possible that the Fund may not be able to enter into swaps that fully meet its investment needs, or that the costs of entering into customized swaps, including any applicable margin requirements, will be significant.

Options on Swaps

The Fund may enter into options contracts on interest rate swaps, commonly referred to as swaptions. The buyer of a swaption has the right to enter into an interest rate swap agreement by some specified date in the future. The swaption agreement will specify whether the buyer of the swaption will be a fixed-rate receiver or a fixed-rate payer. The writer of the swaption becomes the counterparty if the buyer exercises.

Structured Securities

The Fund may invest in structured securities. Structured notes are derivative debt securities, the interest rate or principal of which is determined by an unrelated indicator. Indexed securities include structured notes as well as securities other than debt securities, the interest rate or principal of which is determined by an unrelated indicator. Indexed securities may include a multiplier that multiplies the indexed element by a specified factor and, therefore, the value of such securities may be very volatile. To the extent the Fund invests in these securities, however, the Investment Adviser analyzes these securities in its overall assessment of the effective duration of the Fund’s portfolio of securities in an effort to monitor the Fund’s interest rate risk.

Foreign Investments

The Fund may invest its assets in corporate debt securities of foreign issuers (including preferred or preference stock), certain foreign bank obligations (see "Bank Obligations") and U.S. dollar or foreign currency-denominated obligations of foreign governments or their subdivisions, agencies and instrumentalities, international agencies and supranational entities.

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Investment in sovereign debt can involve a high degree of risk. The governmental entity that controls the repayment of sovereign debt may not be able or willing to repay the principal and/or interest when due in accordance with the terms of the debt. A governmental entity’s willingness or ability to repay principal and interest due in a timely manner may be affected by, among other factors, its cash flow situation, the extent of its foreign reserves, the availability of sufficient foreign exchange on the date a payment is due, the relative size of the debt service burden to the economy as a whole, the governmental entity’s policy toward the International Monetary Fund, and the political constraints to which a governmental entity may be subject. Governmental entities may also depend on expected disbursements from foreign governments, multilateral agencies and others to reduce principal and interest arrearages on their debt. The commitment on the part of these governments, agencies and others to make such disbursements may be conditioned on a governmental entity’s implementation of economic reforms and/or economic performance and the timely service of such debtor’s obligations. Failure to implement such reforms, achieve such levels of economic performance or repay principal or interest when due may result in the cancellation of such third parties' commitments to lend funds to the governmental entity, which may further impair such debtor’s ability or willingness to service its debts in a timely manner. Consequently, governmental entities may default on their sovereign debt. Holders of sovereign debt (including the Fund) may be requested to participate in the rescheduling of such debt and to extend further loans to governmental entities. There is no bankruptcy proceeding by which sovereign debt on which governmental entities have defaulted may be collected in whole or in part.

The Fund’s investments in foreign currency denominated debt obligations and hedging activities will likely produce a difference between its book income and its taxable income. This difference may cause a portion of the Fund’s income distributions to constitute returns of capital for tax purposes or require the Fund to make distributions exceeding book income to qualify for treatment as a regulated investment company for federal tax purposes.

Emerging Market Securities

The Fund may invest up to 10% of its total assets in securities of issuers domiciled in countries with developing (or “emerging market”) economies. Emerging market countries are generally countries with less-developed economies and lower per capita GDP. The IMF, World Bank and other organizations employ different criteria to classify economies as emerging or developed. The Fund considers an ”emerging market’’ to be any country that, at the time the Fund invests, is included in the JPMorgan Emerging Market Bond Index ("EMBI"), or as reasonably determined from time to time by the Investment Adviser, based on its own assessment of economic characteristics and institutional stability.

Investing in emerging market securities imposes risks different from, or greater than, risks of investing in domestic securities or in foreign, developed countries. These risks include: smaller market capitalization of securities markets, which may suffer periods of relative illiquidity; significant price volatility; and restrictions on foreign investment possible repatriation of investment income and capital. In addition, foreign investors may be required to register the proceeds of sales; future economic or political crises could lead to price controls, forced mergers, expropriation or confiscatory taxation, seizure, nationalization, or creation of government monopolies. The currencies of emerging market countries may experience significant declines against the U.S. dollar, and devaluation may occur subsequent to investments in these currencies by the Fund. Inflation and rapid fluctuations in inflation rates have had, and may continue to have, negative effects on the economies and securities markets of certain emerging market countries. Additional risks of emerging markets securities may include: greater social, economic and political uncertainty and instability; more substantial governmental involvement in the economy; less governmental supervision and regulation; unavailability of currency hedging techniques; companies that are newly organized and small; differences in auditing and financial reporting standards, which may result in unavailability of material information about issuers; and less developed legal system. In addition, emerging securities markets may have different clearance and settlement procedures, which may be unable to keep pace with the volume of securities transactions or otherwise make it difficult to engage in such transactions. Settlement problems may cause the Fund to miss attractive investment opportunities, hold a portion of its assets in cash pending investments, or be delayed in disposing of a portfolio security. Such a delay could result in possible liability to a purchaser of the security.

Foreign Currency Transactions

The Fund may engage in foreign currency transactions. These transactions may be conducted at the prevailing spot rate for purchasing or selling currency in the foreign exchange market. The Fund also has authority to enter into forward foreign currency exchange contracts involving currencies of the different countries in which the fund

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invests as a hedge against possible variations in the foreign exchange rates between these currencies and the U.S. dollar. This is accomplished through contractual agreements to purchase or sell a specified currency at a specified future date and price set at the time of the contract.

Transaction hedging is the purchase or sale of forward foreign currency contracts with respect to specific receivables or payables of the Fund, accrued in connection with the purchase and sale of its portfolio securities quoted in foreign currencies. Hedging the portfolio is the use of forward foreign currency contracts to offset portfolio security positions denominated or quoted in such foreign currencies. There is no guarantee that the Fund will be engaged in hedging activities when adverse exchange rate movements occur. The Fund will not attempt to hedge all of its foreign portfolio positions and will enter into such transactions only to the extent, if any, deemed appropriate by the Investment Adviser.

Hedging against a decline in the value of a currency does not eliminate fluctuations in the prices of portfolio securities or prevent losses if the prices of such securities decline. Such transactions also limit the opportunity for gain if the value of the hedged currency should rise. Moreover, it may not be possible for the Fund to hedge against a devaluation that is so generally anticipated that the Fund is not able to contract to sell the currency at a price above the devaluation level it anticipates.

The cost to the Fund of engaging in foreign currency transactions varies with such factors as the currency involved, the size of the contract, the length of the contract period, differences in interest rates between the two currencies and the market conditions then prevailing. Since transactions in foreign currency and forward contracts are usually conducted on a principal basis, no fees or commissions are involved. The Fund may close out a forward position in a currency by selling the forward contract or by entering into an offsetting forward contract.

The precise matching of the forward contract amounts and the value of the securities involved will not generally be possible because the future value of such securities in foreign currencies will change as a consequence of market movements in the value of those securities between the date on which the contract is entered into and the date it matures. Using forward contracts to protect the value of the Fund’s securities against a decline in the value of a currency does not eliminate fluctuations in the underlying prices of the securities. It simply establishes a rate of exchange which the Fund can achieve at some future point in time. The precise projection of short-term currency market movements is not possible, and short-term hedging provides a means of fixing the U.S. dollar value of only a portion of the Fund’s foreign assets.

While the Fund will enter into forward contracts to reduce currency exchange rate risks, transactions in such contracts involve certain other risks. While the Fund may benefit from such transactions, unanticipated changes in currency prices may result in a poorer overall performance for the Fund than if it had not engaged in any such transactions. Moreover, there may be imperfect correlation between the Fund’s holdings of securities quoted or denominated in a particular currency and forward contracts entered into by the Fund. Such imperfect correlation may cause the Fund to sustain losses which will prevent the Fund from achieving a complete hedge or expose the Fund to risk of foreign exchange loss.

Over-the-counter markets for trading foreign forward currency contracts offer less protection against defaults than is available when trading in currency instruments on an exchange. Since a forward foreign currency exchange contract is not guaranteed by an exchange or clearinghouse, a default on the contract would deprive the Fund of unrealized profits or force the Fund to cover its commitments for purchase or resale, if any, at the current market price.

If the Fund enters into a forward contract to purchase foreign currency, the Custodian or the Investment Adviser will segregate liquid assets.

Foreign Exchange Contracts

Foreign exchange contracts are made with currency dealers, usually large commercial banks and financial institutions. Although foreign exchange rates are volatile, foreign exchange markets are generally liquid with the equivalent of approximately $500 billion traded worldwide on a typical day.

While the Fund may enter into foreign currency exchange transactions to reduce the risk of loss due to a decline in the value of the hedged currency, these transactions also tend to limit the potential for gain. Forward foreign

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exchange contracts do not eliminate fluctuations in the prices of the Fund’s securities or in foreign exchange rates, or prevent loss if the prices of these securities should decline. The precise matching of the forward contract amounts and the value of the securities involved is not generally possible because the future value of such securities in foreign currencies changes as a consequence of market movements in the value of such securities between the date the forward contract is entered into and the date it matures. The projection of currency market movements is extremely difficult, and the successful execution of a hedging strategy is highly unlikely.

The Investment Adviser, on behalf of the Fund, may enter into forward foreign exchange contracts in order to protect the dollar value of all investments denominated in foreign currencies. The precise matching of the forward contract amounts and the value of the securities involved is not always possible because the future value of such securities in foreign currencies changes as a consequence of market movements in the value of such securities between the date the forward contract is entered into and the date it matures.

The Fund’s recognition of gain or loss due to foreign currency exchange rates may be treated differently for federal income tax purposes. This difference may require the Fund to make a distribution in excess of its book income to qualify as a registered investment company for federal income tax purposes.

Borrowings

The 1940 Act permits a registered investment company to borrow money from banks, so long as it maintains asset coverage of 300% for all outstanding borrowings. The Fund must reduce the amount of their borrowings within three days if their asset coverage falls below 300%. As a general matter, the fund that borrows money is susceptible to the risk of having to sell portfolio securities at an inopportune time in order to maintain the 300% asset coverage ratio required by the 1940 Act. Borrowing may also exaggerate the impact on a fund of any increase or decrease in the value of its investments (which would have a corresponding effect on the Fund's share value). Money borrowed is also subject to interest costs.

The Fund may borrow for temporary administrative purposes. This borrowing may be unsecured. Provisions of the 1940 Act require the Fund to maintain continuous asset coverage (that is, total assets including borrowings, less liabilities exclusive of borrowings) of 300% of the amount borrowed, with an exception for borrowings not in excess of 5% of the Fund’s total assets made for temporary administrative purposes. Any borrowings for temporary administrative purposes in excess of 5% of the Fund's total assets must maintain continuous asset coverage. If the 300% asset coverage should decline as a result of market fluctuations or other reasons, the Fund may be required to sell some of its portfolio holdings within three days to reduce the debt and restore the 300% asset coverage, even though it may be disadvantageous from an investment standpoint to sell securities at that time. As noted below, the Fund also may enter into certain transactions, including reverse repurchase agreements, mortgage dollar rolls, and sale-buybacks, that can be viewed as constituting a form of borrowing or financing transaction by the Fund. To the extent the Fund covers its commitment under a reverse repurchase agreement (or economically similar transaction) by the segregation of assets determined in accordance with procedures adopted by the Board of Trustees of the Trust (the “Board” or “Trustees”), equal in value to the amount of the Fund's commitment to repurchase, such an agreement will not be considered a “senior security” by the Fund and therefore will not be subject to the 300% asset coverage requirement otherwise applicable to borrowings by the Fund. Borrowing will tend to exaggerate the effect on net asset value of any increase or decrease in the market value of the Fund’s portfolio of securities. Money borrowed will be subject to interest costs, which may or may not be recovered by appreciation of the securities purchased. The Fund also may be required to maintain minimum average balances in connection with such borrowing or to pay a commitment or other fee to maintain a line of credit; either of these requirements would increase the cost of borrowing over the stated interest rate.

Dollar Roll Transactions

In addition to borrowing for temporary purposes, the Fund may enter into reverse repurchase agreements, mortgage dollar rolls, and economically similar transactions. A reverse repurchase agreement involves the sale of a portfolio-eligible security by the Fund, coupled with its agreement to repurchase the instrument at a specified time and price. Under a reverse repurchase agreement, the Fund continues to receive any principal and interest payments on the underlying security during the term of the agreement.

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The Fund typically will segregate assets determined to be liquid by the Investment Adviser in accordance with procedures established by the Trust’s Trustees, equal (on a daily mark-to-market basis) to its obligations under reverse repurchase agreements. However, reverse repurchase agreements involve the risk that the market value of securities retained by the Fund may decline below the repurchase price of the securities sold by the Fund which it is obligated to repurchase. To the extent that positions in reverse repurchase agreements are not covered through the segregation of liquid assets at least equal to the amount of any forward purchase commitment, such transactions would be subject to the Fund’s limitations on borrowings, which would restrict the aggregate of such transactions (plus any other borrowings) to 33 1/3% of the Fund’s total assets.

A "mortgage dollar roll" is similar to a reverse repurchase agreement in certain respects. In a "dollar roll" transaction, the Fund sells a mortgage-related security, such as a security issued by the GNMA, to a dealer and simultaneously agrees to repurchase a similar security (but not the same security) in the future at a pre-determined price. A "dollar roll" can be viewed, like a reverse repurchase agreement, as a collateralized borrowing in which the Fund pledges a mortgage-related security to a dealer to obtain cash. Unlike in the case of reverse repurchase agreements, the dealer with which the Fund enters into a dollar roll transaction is not obligated to return the same securities as those originally sold by the Fund, but only securities that are "substantially identical." To be considered "substantially identical," the securities returned to the Fund generally must: (1) be collateralized by the same types of underlying mortgages; (2) be issued by the same agency and be part of the same program; (3) have a similar original stated maturity; (4) have identical net coupon rates; (5) have similar market yields (and therefore price); and (6) satisfy "good delivery" requirements, meaning that the aggregate principal amounts of the securities delivered and received back must be within 2.5% of the initial amount delivered.

The Fund’s obligations under a dollar roll agreement must be covered by “earmarked” liquid assets equal in value to the securities subject to repurchase by the Fund. As with reverse repurchase agreements, to the extent that positions in dollar roll agreements are not covered by segregated liquid assets at least equal to the amount of any forward purchase commitment, such transactions would be subject to the Fund’s limitations on borrowings. Furthermore, because dollar roll transactions may be for terms ranging between one and six months, dollar roll transactions may be deemed "illiquid" and subject to the Fund’s overall limitations on investments in illiquid securities. The Fund also may effect simultaneous purchase and sale transactions that are known as "sale-buybacks." A sale-buyback is similar to a reverse repurchase agreement, except that in a sale-buyback, the counterparty who purchases the security is entitled to receive any principal or interest payments made on the underlying security pending settlement of the Fund’s repurchase of the underlying security. The Fund’s obligations under a sale-buyback typically would be offset by liquid assets equal in value to the amount of the Fund’s forward commitment to repurchase the subject security.

Repurchase Agreements

A repurchase agreement is an agreement in which the seller (Lender) of a security agrees to repurchase from the Fund the security sold at a mutually agreed upon time and price. As such, it is viewed as the lending of money to the Lender. The resale price normally is in excess of the purchase price, reflecting an agreed upon interest rate. The rate is effective for the period of time assets of the Fund are invested in the agreement and is not related to the coupon rate on the underlying security. The period of these repurchase agreements is usually short, from overnight to one week, and at no time are assets of a Fund invested in a repurchase agreement with a maturity of more than one year. The securities that are subject to repurchase agreements, however, may have maturity dates in excess of one year from the effective date of the repurchase agreement.

Repurchase agreements are considered by the Staff of the SEC to be loans by the Fund. Repurchase agreements could involve risks in the event of a default or insolvency of the other party to the agreement, including possible delays or restrictions upon the Fund’s ability to dispose of the underlying securities. If the lender defaults, the Fund might incur a loss if the value of the collateral securing the repurchase agreement declines and might incur disposition costs in connection with liquidating the collateral. In an attempt to reduce the risk of incurring a loss on a repurchase agreement, the Fund will enter into repurchase agreements only with banks and other recognized financial institutions, such as securities dealers, deemed creditworthy by the Investment Adviser.

Collateral is marked to the market daily and has a market value including accrued interest at least equal to 100% of the dollar amount invested on behalf of the Fund in each agreement along with accrued interest. If the Lender defaults, the Fund might incur a loss if the value of the collateral securing the repurchase agreement declines and

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might incur disposition costs in connection with liquidating the collateral. In addition, if bankruptcy proceedings are commenced with respect to the Lender, realization upon the collateral on behalf of the Fund may be delayed or limited in certain circumstances. A repurchase agreement with more than seven days to maturity may not be entered into for the Fund if, as a result, more than 15% of the Fund’s net assets would be invested in such repurchase agreements together with any other investment being held for the Fund for which market quotations are not readily available.

Collateral for repurchase agreements may be held by a custodian other than BBH&Co.

Reverse Repurchase Agreements

Reverse repurchase agreements may be entered into only with a primary dealer (as designated by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York) in U.S. Government obligations. This is an agreement in which the Fund agrees to repurchase securities sold by it at a mutually agreed upon time and price. As such, it is viewed as the borrowing of money for the Fund. Proceeds of borrowings under reverse repurchase agreements are invested for the Fund. This technique involves the speculative factor known as leverage. If interest rates rise during the term of a reverse repurchase agreement utilized for leverage, the value of the securities to be repurchased for the Fund as well as the value of securities purchased with the proceeds will decline. Proceeds of a reverse repurchase transaction are not invested for a period which exceeds the duration of the reverse repurchase agreement. A reverse repurchase agreement may not be entered into for the Fund if, as a result, more than one-third of the market value of the Fund’s total assets, less liabilities other than the obligations created by reverse repurchase agreements, would be engaged in reverse repurchase agreements. In the event that such agreements exceed, in the aggregate, one-third of such market value, the amount of the Fund’s obligations created by reverse repurchase agreements will be reduced within three days thereafter (not including weekends and holidays) or such longer period as the SEC may prescribe, to an extent that such obligations will not exceed, in the aggregate, one-third of the market value of the Fund’s assets, as defined above. A segregated account with the Custodian is established and maintained for the Fund with liquid assets in an amount at least equal to the Fund’s purchase obligations under its reverse repurchase agreements. Such segregated account consists of liquid assets marked to the market daily, with additional liquid assets added when necessary to ensure that at all times the value of such account is equal to the purchase obligations.

Loan Participations and Assignments and Other Direct Indebtedness

The Fund may invest in fixed- and floating-rate loans, which investments generally will be in the form of loan participations and assignments of portions of such loans. Loan participations and assignments involve special types of risk, including credit risk, interest rate risk, liquidity risk, and the risks of being a lender. If the Fund purchases loan participations, it may only be able to enforce its rights through the lender, and may assume the credit risk of the lender in addition to the borrower.

The Fund may purchase loan participations in commercial loans. Such indebtedness may be secured or unsecured. Loan participations typically represent direct participation in a loan to a corporate borrower, and generally are offered by banks or other financial institutions or lending syndicates. The Fund may participate in such syndications, or can buy part of a loan, becoming a part lender. When purchasing loan participations, the Fund assumes the credit risk associated with the corporate borrower and may assume the credit risk associated with an interposed bank or other financial intermediary. The participation interests in whom the Fund intends to invest may not be rated by any Nationally Recognized Statistical Rating Organization.

A loan is often administered by an agent bank acting as agent for all holders. The agent bank administers the terms of the loan, as specified in the loan agreement. In addition, the agent bank is normally responsible for the collection of principal and interest payments from the corporate borrower and the apportionment of these payments to the credit of all institutions which are parties to the loan agreement. Unless, under the terms of the loan or other indebtedness, the Fund has direct recourse against the corporate borrower, the Fund may have to rely on the agent bank or other financial intermediary to apply appropriate credit remedies against a corporate borrower.

A financial institution’s employment as agent bank might be terminated in the event that it fails to observe a requisite standard of care or becomes insolvent. A successor agent bank would generally be appointed to replace the terminated agent bank, and assets held by the agent bank under the loan agreement should remain available to holders of such indebtedness. However, if assets held by the agent bank for the benefit of the Fund were determined

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to be subject to the claims of the agent bank’s general creditors, the Fund might incur certain costs and delays in realizing payment on a loan or loan participation and could suffer a loss of principal and/or interest. In situations involving other interposed financial institutions (e.g., an insurance company or governmental agency) similar risks may arise.

Purchasers of loans and other forms of direct indebtedness depend primarily upon the creditworthiness of the corporate borrower for payment of principal and interest. If the Fund does not receive scheduled interest or principal payments on such indebtedness, the Fund’s NAV could be adversely affected. Loans that are fully secured offer the Fund more protection than an unsecured loan in the event of non-payment of scheduled interest or principal. However, there is no assurance that the liquidation of collateral from a secured loan would satisfy the corporate borrower’s obligation, or that the collateral can be liquidated.

The Fund may invest in loan participations with credit quality comparable to that of issuers of its securities investments. Indebtedness of companies whose creditworthiness is poor involves substantially greater risks, and may be highly speculative. Some companies may never pay off their indebtedness, or may pay only a small fraction of the amount owed. Consequently, when investing in indebtedness of companies with poor credit, the Fund bears a substantial risk of losing the entire amount invested.

The Fund limits the amount of its total assets that it will invest in any one issuer or in issuers within the same industry (see "Investment Restrictions"). For purposes of these limits, the Fund generally will treat the corporate borrower as the "issuer" of indebtedness held by the Fund. In the case of loan participations where a bank or other lending institution serves as a financial intermediary between the Fund and the corporate borrower, (if the Fund does not have a direct debtor-creditor relationship with the corporate borrower), SEC interpretations require the Fund to treat both the lending bank or other lending institution and the corporate borrower as "issuers" for the purposes of determining whether the Fund has invested more than 5% of its total assets in a single issuer. Treating a financial intermediary as an issuer of indebtedness may restrict the Fund’s ability to invest in indebtedness related to a single financial intermediary, or a group of intermediaries engaged in the same industry, even if the underlying borrowers represent many different companies and industries.

Loans and other types of direct indebtedness may not be readily marketable and may be subject to restrictions on resale. In some cases, negotiations involved in disposing of indebtedness may require weeks to complete. Consequently, some indebtedness may be difficult or impossible to dispose of readily at what the Investment Adviser believes to be a fair price. In addition, valuation of illiquid indebtedness involves a greater degree of judgment in determining the Fund’s NAV than if that value were based on available market quotations, and could result in significant variations in the Fund’s daily share price. At the same time, some loan interests are traded among certain financial institutions and accordingly may be deemed liquid. As the market for different types of indebtedness develops, the liquidity of these instruments is expected to improve. In addition, the Fund currently intends to treat indebtedness for which there is no readily available market as illiquid for purposes of the Fund’s limitation on illiquid investments. Investments in loan participations are considered to be debt obligations for purposes of the Fund’s investment restriction relating to the lending of funds or assets by the Fund.

Investments in loans through a direct assignment of the financial institution’s interests with respect to the loan may involve additional risks to the Fund. For example, if a loan is foreclosed, the Fund could become part owner of any collateral, and would bear the costs and liabilities associated with owning and disposing of the collateral. In addition, it is conceivable that under emerging legal theories of lender liability, the Fund could be held liable as co-lender. It is unclear whether loans and other forms of direct indebtedness offer securities law protections against fraud and misrepresentation. In the absence of definitive regulatory guidance, the Fund relies on the Investment Adviser’s research in an attempt to avoid situations where fraud or misrepresentation could adversely affect the Fund.

Delayed Funding Loans and Revolving Credit Facilities

The Fund may also enter into, or acquire participations in, delayed funding loans and revolving credit facilities, in which a lender agrees to make loans up to a maximum amount upon demand by the borrower during a specified term. These commitments may have the effect of requiring the Fund to increase its investment in a company at a time when it might not otherwise decide to do so (including at a time when the company’s financial condition makes it unlikely that such amounts will be repaid). To the extent that the Fund is committed to advance additional funds, it

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will segregate or “earmark” assets determined to be liquid by Investment Adviser in accordance with procedures established by the Board in an amount sufficient to meet such commitments. Delayed funding loans and revolving credit facilities are subject to credit, interest rate and liquidity risk and the risks of being a lender.

Rule 144A/ Regulation S Securities

The Investment Adviser may, on behalf of the Fund, as specified herein, purchase securities that are not registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “1933 Act”), but that can be sold to “qualified institutional buyers” in accordance with the requirements stated in Rule 144A under the 1933 Act (“Rule 144A Securities”) and private placement securities such as Regulation S securities. A Rule 144A or Regulation S security may be considered illiquid and therefore subject to the 15% limitation on the purchase of illiquid securities, unless it is determined on an ongoing basis that an adequate trading market exists for the security. Guidelines have been adopted and the daily function of determining and monitoring liquidity of Rule 144A and Regulation S securities has been delegated to the Investment Adviser. All relevant factors will be considered in determining the liquidity of Rule 144A and Regulation S securities and all investments in Rule 144A and Regulation S securities will be carefully monitored.

Money Market Instruments

The Fund may invest in money market instruments, which include certificates of deposit, repurchase agreements, commercial paper, Eurodollar deposits, Federal agency short-term securities, municipal notes, Treasury bills, shares of money funds, foreign exchange swaps and short-lived mortgage and asset-backed securities. Such instruments are highly liquid investments.

Illiquid Securities

The Fund may invest up to 15% of its net assets in illiquid securities. The term "illiquid securities" for this purpose means securities that cannot be disposed of within seven days in the ordinary course of business at approximately the amount at which the Fund has valued the securities. Illiquid securities are considered to include, among other things, written over-the-counter options, securities or other liquid assets being used as cover for such options, repurchase agreements with maturities in excess of seven days, certain loan participation interests, fixed time deposits which are not subject to prepayment or provide for withdrawal penalties upon prepayment (other than overnight deposits), and Rule 144A and Regulation S Securities and certain commercial paper that the Investment Adviser has determined not to be liquid under procedures approved by the Trust’s Trustees. Rule 144A and Regulation S securities determined to be liquid pursuant to the procedures approved by the Trust’s Trustees are not subject to the foregoing 15% limitation.

Illiquid securities may include privately placed securities, which are sold directly to a small number of investors, usually institutions. Unlike public offerings, such securities are not registered under the federal securities laws. Although certain of these securities may be readily sold, others may be illiquid, and their sale may involve substantial delays and additional costs.

Investment Company Securities

Subject to applicable statutory and regulatory limitations, the assets of the Fund may be invested in shares of other investment companies. As a shareholder of another investment company, the Fund would bear, along with other shareholders, its pro rata portion of the other investment company’s expenses, including advisory fees. These expenses would be in addition to the advisory and other expenses that the Fund bears directly in connection with its own operations. The Fund’s investment in other investment companies may include shares of money market funds, including funds affiliated with the Fund’s Investment Adviser.

Risks of Cyber Attacks

As with any entity that conducts business through electronic means in the modern marketplace, the Fund, and its service providers and their respective operations, may be susceptible to potential risks resulting from cyber attacks or incidents (collectively, “cyber events”). Cyber events may include, among other behaviors, stealing or corrupting

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data maintained online or digitally, denial of service attacks on websites, the unauthorized monitoring, release, misuse, loss, destruction or corruption of confidential information, infection from computer viruses or other malicious software code, unauthorized access to or compromises to relevant systems, networks or devices that the Fund and its service providers use to service the Fund’s operations, operational disruption or failures in the physical infrastructure or operating systems that support the Funds and their service providers, or various other forms of cyber security breaches. In addition to intentional cyber events, unintentional cyber events can occur, such as, for example, the inadvertent release of confidential information. Cyber events affecting a Fund, or any Sub-advisers, if applicable, the Fund’s distributor, custodian, transfer agent, or any other of the Fund’s intermediaries or service providers may adversely impact the Fund and its shareholders, potentially resulting in, among other things, financial losses or the inability of Fund shareholders to transact business. For instance, cyber events may interfere with the processing of shareholder transactions, impact the Fund’s ability to calculate its NAVs, cause the release of private shareholder information or confidential business information, impede trading, subject the Fund to regulatory fines or financial losses and/or cause reputational damage. The Fund may also incur additional costs for cyber security risk management purposes designed to mitigate or prevent the risk of cyber events. Such costs may be ongoing because threats of cyber-attacks are constantly evolving as cyber attackers become more sophisticated and their techniques become more complex. Similar types of cyber security risks are also present for issuers of securities in which the Fund may invest, which could result in material adverse consequences for such issuers and may cause the Fund’s investment in such companies to lose value.

The Fund, and its service providers and their relevant affiliates have established risk management systems reasonably designed to seek to reduce the risks associated with cyber events. However, there can be no assurance that the Fund, the Fund’s service providers, or the issuers of the securities in which the Fund invests will not suffer losses relating to cyber-attacks or other information security breaches in the future.

Risks within the Fixed Income Market

The fixed-income securities market can be susceptible to unusual volatility and illiquidity. Volatility and illiquidity may be more pronounced in the case of lower-rated and unrated securities. Liquidity can decline unpredictably in response to overall economic conditions or credit tightening. Increases in volatility and decreases in liquidity may be caused by a rise in interest rates (or the expectation of a rise in interest rates), which are near historic lows in the U.S. and in other countries. During times of reduced market liquidity, the Fund may not be able to readily sell bonds at the prices at which they are carried on the Fund’s books. If the Fund needed to sell large blocks of bonds to meet shareholder redemption requests or to raise cash, those sales could further reduce the bonds’ prices. An unexpected increase in Fund redemption requests (including requests from shareholders who may own a significant percentage of the Fund’s shares) which may be triggered by market turmoil or an increase in interest rates, as well as other adverse market and economic developments, could cause the Fund to sell its holdings at a loss or at undesirable prices and adversely affect the Fund’s share price and increase the Fund’s liquidity risk, Fund expenses and/or taxable distributions. Similarly, the prices of the Fund’s holdings could be adversely affected if an investment account managed similarly to the Fund was to experience significant redemptions and that account were required to sell its holdings at an inopportune time. The liquidity of an issuer’s securities may decrease as a result of a decline in an issuer’s credit rating, the occurrence of an event that causes counterparties to avoid transacting with the issuer, or an increase in the issuer’s cash outflows. A lack of liquidity or other adverse credit market conditions may hamper the Fund’s ability to sell the debt securities in which it invests or to find and purchase suitable debt instruments.

Economic and other market developments can adversely affect fixed-income securities markets in the United States, Europe and elsewhere. At times, participants in debt securities markets may develop concerns about the ability of certain issuers of debt securities to make timely principal and interest payments, or they may develop concerns about the ability of financial institutions that make markets in certain debt securities to facilitate an orderly market. Those concerns may impact the market price or value of those debt securities and may cause increased volatility in those debt securities or debt securities markets. Under some circumstances, as was the case during the latter half of 2008 and early 2009, those concerns may cause reduced liquidity in certain debt securities markets, reducing the

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willingness of some lenders to extend credit, and making it more difficult for borrowers to obtain financing on attractive terms (or at all).

The Federal Reserve has recently raised interest rates on multiple occasions, and continues to consider future raises to the federal funds rate. As a result, there is a risk that interest rates may rise and cause fixed-income investors to move out of fixed-income securities, which may also increase redemptions in fixed-income mutual funds.

In addition, although the fixed-income securities markets have grown significantly in the last few decades, regulations and business practices have led some financial intermediaries to curtail their capacity to engage in trading (i.e., “market making”) activities for certain debt securities. As a result, dealer inventories of fixed-income securities, which provide an indication of the ability of financial intermediaries to make markets in fixed-income securities, are near historic lows relative to market size. Because market makers help stabilize the market through their financial intermediary services, further reductions in dealer inventories could have the potential to decrease liquidity and increase volatility in the fixed-income securities markets.

Periods of market volatility may occur in response to pandemics or other events outside of our control. These types of events could adversely affect the Fund’s performance. For example, since December 2019, a novel strain of coronavirus has spread globally, which has resulted in the temporary closure of many corporate offices, retail stores, and manufacturing facilities and factories across the world. As the extent of the impact on global markets from the coronavirus is difficult to predict, the extent to which the coronavirus may negatively affect the Fund’s performance or the duration of any potential business disruption is uncertain. Any potential impact on performance will depend to a large extent on future developments and new information that may emerge regarding the duration and severity of the coronavirus and the actions taken by authorities and other entities to contain the coronavirus or treat its impact.

INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS

FUNDAMENTAL INVESTMENT POLICIES

The Fund operates under the following investment policies, which are deemed fundamental and may be changed only with the approval of the Board and the holders of a "majority of the Fund’s outstanding voting securities" (as defined in the 1940 Act).

Diversification

With respect to securities comprising 75% of the value of its total assets, the Fund will not purchase securities of any one issuer (other than cash; cash items; securities issued or guaranteed by the government of the United States or its agencies or instrumentalities and repurchase agreements collateralized by such U.S. government securities; and securities of other investment companies) if, as a result, more than 5% of the value of its total assets would be invested in the securities of that issuer, or the Fund would own more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of that issuer.

Concentration

The Fund will not make investments that will result in the concentration of its investments in the securities of issuers primarily engaged in the same industry. For purposes of this restriction, the term concentration has the meaning set forth in the 1940 Act, any rule or order thereunder, or any SEC staff interpretation thereof. Tax-exempt government securities and tax-exempt municipal securities will not be deemed to constitute an industry.

Underwriting

The Fund may not underwrite the securities of other issuers, except that the Fund may engage in transactions involving the acquisition, disposition or resale of its portfolio securities, under circumstances where it may be considered to be an underwriter under the 1933 Act.

25

 

Investing in Commodities

The Fund may not purchase or sell physical commodities, provided that the Fund may purchase securities of companies that deal in commodities. For purposes of this restriction, investments in transactions involving futures contracts and options, forward currency contracts, swap transactions and other financial contracts that settle by payment of cash are not deemed to be investments in commodities.

Investing in Real Estate

The Fund may not purchase or sell real estate, provided that this restriction does not prevent the Fund from investing in issuers which invest, deal, or otherwise engage in transactions in real estate or interests therein, or investing in securities that are secured by real estate or interests therein. The Fund may exercise its rights under agreements relating to such securities, including the right to enforce security interests and to hold real estate acquired by reason of such enforcement until that real estate can be liquidated in an orderly manner.

Borrowing Money and Issuing Senior Securities

The Fund may borrow money, directly or indirectly, and issue senior securities to the maximum extent permitted under the 1940 Act, any rule or order thereunder, or any SEC staff interpretation thereof.

Lending

The Fund may not make loans, provided that this restriction does not prevent the Fund from purchasing debt obligations, entering into repurchase agreements, lending its assets to broker/dealers or institutional investors and investing in loans, including assignments and participation interests.

NON-FUNDAMENTAL INVESTMENT POLICIES

The Fund’s investment objective and the following policies are non-fundamental and therefore may be changed by the Board without shareholder approval. Shareholders will be notified before any material change in these limitations becomes effective.

Purchases on Margin

The Fund will not purchase securities on margin, provided that the Fund may obtain short-term credits necessary for the clearance of purchases and sales of securities and further provided that the Fund may make margin deposits in connection with its use of financial options and futures, forward and spot currency contracts, swap transactions and other financial contracts or derivative instruments.

Pledging Assets

The Fund will not mortgage, pledge, or hypothecate any of its assets, provided that this shall not apply to the transfer of securities in connection with any permissible borrowing or to collateral arrangements in connection with permissible activities.

Selling Short

The Fund will not make short sales of securities or maintain a short position, unless at all times when a short position is open it owns an equal amount of such securities or securities convertible into or exchangeable, without payment of any further consideration, for securities of the same issue as, and equal in amount to, the securities sold short, and unless not more than 10% of its net assets (taken at market value) is represented by such securities, or securities convertible into or exchangeable for such securities, at any one time.

Restricted Securities

The Fund will not purchase securities that are restricted at the time of purchase, except that the Fund may purchase private placement securities under Rule 144a and Regulation D.

26

 

Interest Only, Principal Only and Inverse Floaters

The Fund will not invest more than 5% of the assets of the Fund (taken at market value at the time of investment) in any combination of interest only, principal only, or inverse floating rate securities.

For purposes of the above investment policies:

 

  the Fund considers certificates of deposit and demand and time deposits issued by a U.S. branch of a domestic bank or savings association having capital, surplus and undivided profits in excess of $100,000,000 at the time of investment to be “cash items and “bank instruments;” and

 

  except with respect to borrowing money or illiquid securities, if a percentage limitation is adhered to at the time of investment, a later increase or decrease in percentage resulting from any change in value or net assets will not result in a violation of such limitation.

 

27

 

MANAGEMENT

Information pertaining to the Trustees and executive officers of the Trust is set forth below. The mailing address for each Trustee is c/o BBH Trust, 140 Broadway, New York, NY 10005.

Name and Birth Year Position(s) Held
with the Trust  
Term of Office and
Length of Time
Served#
Principal Occupation(s) During
Past 5 Years  
Number of
Portfolios in Fund
Complex Overseen
by Trustee^  
Other Public Company or Investment Company
Directorships
held by Trustee During Past 5 Years  
Independent Trustees          

H. Whitney Wagner

Birth Year: 1956

Chairman of the Board and  Trustee Chairman Since 2014; Trustee Since 2007 and 2006-2007 with the Predecessor Trust President, Clear Brook Advisors, a registered investment adviser. 8

None.

 

 

 

 

Andrew S. Frazier

Birth Year: 1948

Trustee Since 2010

Retired.

 

8 Director of Western World Insurance Group, Inc.

Mark M. Collins

Birth Year: 1956

Trustee Since 2011 Partner of Brown Investment Advisory Incorporated, a registered investment adviser. 8 Chairman of Dillon Trust Company.

John M. Tesoro

Birth Year: 1952

Trustee Since 2014 Retired. 8

Trustee, Bridge Builder Trust (8 Funds); Director, Teton Advisors, Inc. (a registered

investment adviser).

 

 

Joan A. Binstock

Birth Year: 1954

Trustee Since 2019 Partner, Chief Financial and Operations Officer, Lord Abbett & Co. LLC (1999-2018); Lovell Minnick Partners, Senior Adviser (2018-Present). 8 None.

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Name, Address and Birth Year Position(s) Held
with the Trust  
Term of Office and
Length of Time
Served
Principal Occupation(s) During
Past 5 Years  
Number of
Portfolios in Fund
Complex Overseen
by Trustee^ 
Other Public Company or Investment Company
Directorships
held by Trustee During Past 5 Years  
Interested Trustees          

Susan C. Livingston+

50 Post Office Square

Boston, MA 02110

Birth Year: 1957

 

Trustee Since 2011 Partner (since 1998) and Senior Client Advocate (since 2010) for BBH&Co. 8 None.

John A. Gehret+

140 Broadway
New York, NY 10005

Birth Year: 1959

Trustee Since 2011 Limited Partner of BBH&Co. (2012-present). 8

None.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

29

 

Name, Address and Birth Year Position(s) Held
with the Trust
Term of Office and
Length of Time
Served
#
Principal Occupation(s) During
Past 5 Years  
Officers      

Jean-Pierre Paquin

140 Broadway
New York, NY 10005

Birth Year: 1973

President and Principal Executive Officer Since 2016 Partner of BBH&Co. since 2015; joined BBH&Co. in 1996.

Daniel Greifenkamp

140 Broadway

New York, NY 10005

Birth Year: 1969

Vice President

Since 2016

 

 

Managing Director of BBH&Co. since 2014; joined BBH&Co. in 2011.

Charles H. Schreiber

140 Broadway
New York, NY 10005

Birth Year: 1957

Treasurer and Principal Financial Officer

Since 2007

2006-2007 with the Predecessor Trust

Senior Vice President of BBH&Co. since 2001; joined BBH&Co. in 1999.

Paul F. Gallagher

140 Broadway
New York, NY 10005

Birth Year: 1959

Chief Compliance Officer (“CCO”). Since 2015 Senior Vice President of BBH&Co. since September 2015; Executive Director, Counsel, Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC (2009 -September 2015).

Keith M. Kelley

50 Post Office Square

Boston, MA 02129

Birth Year: 1983

Anti-Money Laundering Officer (“AMLO”) Since 2016 Vice President of BBH&Co. since February 2016; Director, Legal and Compliance, Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC (2014 – February 2016).

Suzan M. Barron

50 Post Office Square
Boston, MA 02110

Birth Year: 1964

Secretary Since 2009 Senior Vice President and Senior Investor Services Counsel of BBH&Co. since 2005.

Crystal Cheung

140 Broadway
New York, NY 10005

Birth Year: 1974

Assistant Treasurer Since 2018 Assistant Vice President of BBH&Co. since 2016; joined BBH&Co. in 2014.  

Brian J. Carroll

50 Post Office Square

Boston, MA 02110

Birth Year: 1985

Assistant Secretary Since 2018 Associate of BBH&Co. since 2017; joined BBH&Co. in 2014.

 

 # All officers of the Trust hold office for one year and until their respective successors are chosen and qualified (subject to the ability of the Trustees to remove any officer in accordance with the Trust’s By-laws). Mr. Wagner previously served on the Board of Trustees of the Predecessor Trust.
+ Ms. Livingston and Mr. Gehret are “interested persons” of the Trust as defined in the 1940 Act because of

30

 

  their positions as Partner and Limited Partner of BBH&Co., respectively.
^ The Fund Complex consists of the Trust, which has seven series, and each is counted as one “Portfolio” for purposes of this table.

 

BOARD OF TRUSTEES

Board Leadership Structure

Currently, five of the seven Trustees of the Board are not “interested persons,” as defined in the 1940 Act (“Independent Trustees”). The Board has appointed Mr. H. Whitney Wagner to serve as Chairman of the Board. There are two primary committees of the Board: the Audit Committee and the Valuation Committee. The Committee chairs each preside at Committee meetings, participate in formulating agendas for those meetings, and coordinate with management to serve as a liaison between the Independent Trustees and management on matters within the scope of the responsibilities of each Committee. The Board has determined that this leadership structure is appropriate given the specific characteristics and circumstances of the Fund. The Board made this determination in consideration of, among other things, legal requirements under applicable law, including the 1940 Act, the fact that the Board is comprised of a majority (66%) of Independent Trustees, the number of funds (and classes) overseen by the Board and the total number of Trustees on the Board.

Board Oversight of Risk Management

The Board is responsible for overseeing the management and affairs of the Fund and the Trust. The Board has considered and approved contracts, as described herein, under which certain parties provide essential management and administrative services to the Trust. Like most funds, the day-to-day business of the Trust, including the day-to-day management of risk, is performed by service providers, such as the Investment Adviser, distributor and administrator. The Board is responsible for overseeing the Trust’s service providers and, thus, has oversight responsibility with respect to the risk management performed by those service providers. Risk management seeks to identify and eliminate or mitigate the potential effects of risks, i.e., events or circumstances that could have material adverse effects on the business, operations, shareholder services, investment performance or reputation of the Trust or Fund. Under the overall supervision of the Board, the Audit Committee, and the Valuation Committee (discussed in more detail below), the service providers to the Fund employ a variety of processes, procedures and controls to identify risks relevant to the operations of the Trust and the Fund to lessen the probability of their occurrence and/or to mitigate the effects of such events or circumstances if they do occur. Each service provider is responsible for one or more discrete aspects of the Trust’s business (e.g., the Fund’s Investment Adviser is responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund’s portfolio investments) and, consequently, for managing the risks associated with that activity.

The Board oversees the risk management of the Trust’s operations, in part, by requesting periodic reports from and otherwise communicating with various personnel of the Trust and its service providers, including the Trust’s CCO and the Trust’s independent registered public accounting firm. The Board and, with respect to identified risks that relate to its scope of expertise, the Audit Committee and Valuation Committee, oversee efforts by management and service providers to manage risks to which the Fund may be exposed. The Board receives reports from the Trust’s service providers regarding operational risks, portfolio valuation and other matters. Annually, the independent registered public accounting firm reviews with the Audit Committee its audit of the Trust’s financial statements, focusing on major areas of risk encountered by the Trust and noting any significant deficiencies or material weaknesses in the Trust’s internal controls.

The Board is responsible for overseeing the nature, extent and quality of the services provided to the Fund by the Investment Adviser and receives information about those services at its regular meetings. In addition, on at least an annual basis, in connection with its consideration of whether to renew the Agreement with the Investment Adviser, the Board meets with the Investment Adviser to review such services. Among other things, the Board regularly considers the Investment Adviser’s adherence to the Fund’s investment restrictions and compliance with various Fund policies and procedures and with applicable securities regulations. In the case of the Investment Adviser, the Agreement combines advisory and administrative services under one fee. As a result, the Board compares the combined advisory and administration fee earned by BBH&Co. for the Fund against average fees for similar funds

31

 

taking into account the administrative portion of such fee. In addition, the Board also considers all fees and other benefits that are received by the Investment Adviser and its affiliates from the Fund. The Board also reviews information about the Fund’s performance and investments.

The Board receives regular written reports on the concentration of the Fund’s portfolio, its exposure to illiquid or hard to value securities, and other commonly considered portfolio risk factors.

The Trust’s CCO meets regularly with the Board to review and discuss compliance and other issues. At least annually, the Trust’s CCO provides the Board with a report reviewing the adequacy and effectiveness of the Trust’s policies and procedures and those of its service providers, including the Investment Adviser. The Board additionally seeks to monitor legal risk by receiving periodic reports from counsel on developments in the law and regulations that may affect the operation of the Fund or other aspects of the fund industry in general.

The Board acknowledges that unique risks arise when an affiliate acts as a service provider in the way various business units within BBH&Co. act as service providers to the Fund. The Board monitors affiliation risk in the ways described above, including, but not limited to, receiving reports on transactions or trading activity involving the Fund and BBH&Co. (or any affiliates) to ensure BBH&Co. is putting the interests of the Fund ahead of its own. In addition, when evaluating all service contracts between the Fund and BBH&Co., the Board requests and receives information about the service provided by such BBH&Co. business unit, including, in some cases, comparative fee information, to ensure the fees negotiated are consistent with fees that would result from a third party arm’s-length negotiation.

The Board recognizes that not all risks that may affect the Fund can be identified, that it may not be practical or cost-effective to eliminate or mitigate certain risks, that it may be necessary to bear certain risks (such as investment-related risks) to achieve the Fund’s goals, and that the processes, procedures and controls employed to address certain risks may be limited in their effectiveness. Moreover, despite the periodic reports the Board receives and the Board’s discussions with the service providers to the Fund, it may not be made aware of all of the relevant information of a particular risk. Most of the Trust’s investment management and business affairs are carried out by or through the Fund’s Investment Adviser and other service providers each of which has an independent interest in risk management but whose policies and the methods by which one or more risk management functions are carried out may differ from the Trust’s and each other’s in the setting of priorities, the resources available or the effectiveness of relevant controls. As a result of the foregoing and other factors, the Board’s risk management oversight is subject to substantial limitations.

Individual Trustee Qualifications

The Board has concluded that each of the Trustees should initially and continue to serve on the Board because of: (i) each Trustee’s ability to review and understand information about the Funds provided to them by management, to identify and request other information they may deem relevant to the performance of their duties, to question management regarding material factors bearing on the management of the Funds, and to exercise their business judgment in a manner that serves the best interests of the Funds’ shareholders; and (ii) the Trustee’s experience, qualifications, attributes or skills as described below.

 

The Board has concluded that Mr. Wagner should serve as a Trustee of the Funds because of the experience he has gained as President of a registered investment adviser and as a Trustee or Director of the Funds and the Predecessor Trust since 2006.

The Board has concluded that Mr. Frazier should serve as a Trustee of the Funds because of the experience he has gained as President and CEO of a property casualty insurance business for 24 years.

The Board has concluded that Ms. Livingston should serve as a Trustee of the Funds because of the business and financial experience she has gained as a Partner of BBH&Co.

The Board has concluded that Mr. Collins should serve as a Trustee of the Funds because of his 39 years of extensive experience in investment advisory, corporate finance and economic policy planning.

32

 

The Board has concluded that Mr. Gehret should serve as a Trustee of the Funds because of the business and financial experience he has gained as a partner of BBH&Co., and as the former President and Principal Executive Officer of the Trust.

The Board has concluded that Mr. Tesoro should serve as a Trustee of the Funds because of the business, financial and accounting experience he gained as a partner and certified public accountant at a registered public accounting firm.

The Board has concluded that Ms. Binstock should serve as a Trustee of the Funds because the experience she has gained as Chief Financial and Operating Officer of a registered investment adviser for 19 years.

Trustee Committees

The Trustees (except Ms. Livingston and Mr. Gehret) serve on an Audit Committee that selects the independent registered public accounting firm for the Fund and reviews the Fund’s financial reporting processes, compliance policies, procedures and the Trust’s overall system of internal controls. The Audit Committee met 4 times during the Fund’s most recent fiscal year.

The Trustees (except Ms. Livingston and Mr. Gehret) serve on a Valuation Committee for the Fund that meets on an as-needed basis (and in any event not less frequently than monthly) to determine the “fair value” of any security for which market quotations are not readily available. The Valuation Committee met 16 times during the Fund’s most recent fiscal year.

Trustee Equity Ownership as of [     ]

Name of Trustee Dollar Range of Equity Securities in the Fund Aggregate Dollar Range of Equity Securities in All Registered Investment Companies Overseen by Trustee in BBH Trust
H. Whitney Wagner None Over $100,000
Andrew S. Frazier None Over $100,000
Mark M. Collins None Over $100,000
John M. Tesoro None Over $100,000
Joan A. Binstock None None
Susan C. Livingston None None
John A. Gehret None Over $100,000
     

Control Persons and Principal Holders of Securities

As of the date of this Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”), there were no control persons or principal shareholders as there were no shares of the Fund outstanding.

Trustee Compensation

Each Independent Trustee receives a base annual fee of $70,000 and such base annual fee is allocated among all series of the Trust in equal amounts. The Chairman of the Board (Mr. Wagner) and the Chairman of the Audit Committee (Mr. Tesoro) and the Chairman of the Valuation Committee (Mr. Collins) receive an additional fee of $12,500, $10,000 and $5,000 per year, respectively. In addition, each Independent Trustee receives an additional fee of $2,500 for attending each special Board meeting (meetings of the Board other than the regularly scheduled quarterly Board meetings). Interested Trustees and officers of the Trust do not receive compensation from the Trust.

 

 

 

33

 

For the fiscal year ended October 31, 2020, Independent Trustees were compensated as follows:

 

 

Name

Aggregate Compensation from the Fund Pension or Retirement Benefits Accrued as Part of Fund Expenses Estimated Annual Benefits upon Retirement Total Compensation from Fund Complex paid to Trustee +
H. Whitney Wagner None None None $[   ]
Andrew S. Frazier None None None $[   ]
Mark M. Collins None None None $[   ]
John M. Tesoro None None None $[   ]
Joan A. Binstock None None None None
+ The Fund Complex consists of the Trust, which currently consists of eight series.
           

CODE OF ETHICS

The Trust, the Investment Adviser and the distributor (each as described below) have adopted codes of ethics pursuant to Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act. The Investment Adviser’s code of ethics is also maintained pursuant to the Advisers Act. The codes of ethics contain provisions reasonably designed to identify and address potential conflicts of interest between personal investment activities and the interests of the Fund. Of course, there can be no assurance that the codes of ethics will be effective in identifying and addressing all conflicts of interest relating to personal securities transactions. The code of ethics of the Trust, the Investment Adviser and the distributor are on file with the SEC.

VOTING PROXIES ON FUND PORTFOLIO SECURITIES

Proxy Voting Policy and Procedures

The Fund’s Board has delegated the responsibility to vote proxies on the securities held in the Fund’s portfolio to the Investment Adviser. In order to mitigate any potential conflict of interest, the SID (through BBH&Co.) has retained an independent third party proxy agent (“Proxy Agent”) to recommend how to vote a Fund’s proxy. The Board has also approved the SID’s policies and procedures for voting the proxies, which are summarized below.

The SID has adopted proxy voting policies and procedures concerning the voting of proxies of its Fund clients (the “Proxy Policy and Procedures”). Pursuant to the Proxy Policy and Procedures, the Investment Adviser reviews and analyzes the recommendations of the Proxy Agent and from time to time may depart from such recommendations based on its own analysis and discretion. The Proxy Policy and Procedures are reviewed periodically, and, accordingly, are subject to change.

The Proxy Agent maintains proxy guidelines, reviewed at least annually by the Investment Adviser, that present its typical voting posture for routine and non-routine issues. Generally, the Proxy Agent recommends voting in favor of proposals that maintain or strengthen the shared interests of shareholders and management; increase shareholder value; maintain or increase shareholder influence over the issuer’s board of directors and management; and maintain or increase the rights of shareholders. Whether the Proxy Agent or the Investment Adviser supports or opposes a proposal will depend on the specific circumstances described in the proxy statement and other available information.

For more information on the Proxy Policy and Procedures, described herein, investors in the Fund may request a copy of the Proxy Voting Policy and Procedures by calling a toll-free number for Shareholder Inquiries: 1-800-575-1265.

34

 

Proxy Voting Report

A report on "Form N-PX" of how the Fund voted any proxies during the most recent 12-month period ended June 30 is available upon request and without charge by calling a toll-free number 1-800-575-1265 or by going to the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov.

PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS INFORMATION

The Board has approved a policy related to the dissemination of Fund information. This policy is designed to provide a framework for disclosing information regarding portfolio holdings and other Fund information (“Fund Information”) consistent with applicable federal securities laws and general principles of fiduciary duty relating to Fund shareholders. Under the Policy, no compensation or other consideration is allowed to be received by the Fund, the Investment Adviser, the distributor or any other party associated/affiliated with the Fund, the Investment Adviser or the distributor in exchange for the disclosure of Fund Information. Under limited circumstances, the non-public disclosure of Fund Information to certain third parties is allowed. These recipients are prohibited from trading on non-public Fund Information. Additional information concerning the Fund’s portfolio holdings is available on the Fund’s website at www.bbhfunds.com. The Board receives periodic reports from the Investment Adviser, about arrangements involving the disclosure of portfolio securities.

The Fund is required to disclose its complete portfolio holdings using Form N-PORT, for the third month of each fiscal quarter within 60 days of the end of the each fiscal quarter. The Fund is also required to disclose its portfolio holdings using Form N-CSR, which is filed with the SEC not later than 10 days after the transmission to shareholders of annual and semi-annual shareholder reports which is required within 60 days of the end of the second and fourth quarter of each fiscal year. Portfolio holdings will be disclosed and made available to investors on a monthly basis on the bbhfunds.com website approximately fifteen (15) days after each month end.

You may also access from the Fund’s website portfolio information as of the end of each of the Fund’s fiscal quarters. Fiscal quarter information is made available on the website within 70 days after the end of the fiscal quarter. This information is also available in reports filed with the SEC at the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.

In addition, the Trust’s service providers and vendors, which include, without limitation, the Investment Adviser, distributor, transfer agent, administrator, custodian, independent registered public accountant, legal counsel, fund accountant, proxy voting service provider, trade execution vendor, pricing information vendors, and printer and mailing agent, may all receive early disclosure of portfolio holdings information as frequently as daily in connection with the services they perform for the Fund (see Appendix 2 for a list of these service providers and vendors). It is generally the policy of the Fund that neither the Fund nor its service providers or vendors may selectively disclose the Fund’s portfolio holding information. This means that Fund Information approved for disclosure shall be disclosed or made available to all persons including individual investors, potential investors, institutional investors, intermediaries that distribute Fund shares, third party service providers and vendors, rating and ranking organizations, survey companies and affiliated persons of the Fund on an equal basis. Service providers and vendors will be subject to a duty of confidentiality with respect to any Fund Information whether imposed by the provisions of its contract with the Trust or by the nature of its relationship with the Trust.

Fund Information shall be disclosed only after it has been determined that such disclosure will not disadvantage shareholders. Disclosure of Fund Information to select investors is permissible only when there is a legitimate business purposes for doing so and the recipients are subject to the restrictions listed below. Such disclosures must be approved by the Fund’s President.

The recipient does not distribute the Fund Information to third parties, other departments or persons who are likely to use the information for purposes of purchasing or selling the Fund before the Fund Information becomes public information; and
The recipient signs a written confidentiality agreement.

Portfolio holdings may not be disclosed to any investor, except after: (1) the holdings have been reviewed and approved appropriately, (2) the portfolio holdings have been posted and are readily available on the Fund’s website, and (3) the availability of the portfolio holdings is disclosed in the Fund’s SAI.

35

 

INVESTMENT ADVISORY AND ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES

Pursuant to the Agreement with the Trust, subject to the general supervision of the Trustees and in conformance with the stated policies of the Fund, the Investment Adviser, provides investment advice and portfolio management to the Fund. The SID also provides and/or arranges with BBH&Co. administrative services to the Fund. The Investment Adviser manages the Fund’s investment operations according to the Fund’s principal investment strategies.

It is the responsibility of the Investment Adviser to make the day-to-day investment decisions for the Fund, to place the purchase and sale orders for portfolio transactions of the Fund, and to manage, generally, the investments of the Fund.

The Agreement between the Investment Adviser and the Trust is dated June 14, 2018, and remains in effect as long as the Agreement is specifically approved at least annually: (i) by a vote of the holders of a "majority of the Fund’s outstanding voting securities" (as defined in the 1940 Act) or by the Fund’s Trustees; and (ii) by a vote of a majority of the Independent Trustees cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such approval. The Agreement terminates automatically if assigned and is terminable at any time without penalty by a vote of a majority of the Trustees of the Fund, or by a vote of the holders of a "majority of the Fund’s outstanding voting securities" (as defined in the 1940 Act) on 60 days' written notice to the Investment Adviser and by the Investment Adviser on 90 days' written notice to the Fund (see "Additional Information").

The investment advisory services of the Investment Adviser to the Fund are not exclusive under the terms of the Agreement. The SID may render investment advisory services to others, including other registered investment companies.

Pursuant to a license agreement between the Trust and BBH&Co., dated December 11, 2006, the Trust, including each series thereof, may use "Brown Brothers Harriman" in its name. The license agreement may be terminated by BBH&Co. at any time upon written notice to the Trust, upon the expiration or earlier termination of any agreement between the Trust or any investment company in which a series of the Trust invests all of its assets, and BBH&Co. Termination of the license agreement would require the Trust to change its name and the name of the Fund to eliminate all references to Brown Brothers Harriman.

The SID has been retained by the Trust to serve as Fund Administrator (the “Administrator”) to the Trust under the terms of the Agreement. In its capacity as Administrator of the Trust, BBH&Co. administers all aspects of the Trust’s operations subject to the supervision of the Board, except as set forth above under "Investment Adviser" and below under “Distributor.” In connection with its responsibilities as Administrator and at its own expense, BBH&Co.: (i) provides the services of persons competent to perform such supervisory, administrative and clerical functions as are necessary in order to provide effective administration of the Trust; (ii) oversees the performance of administrative and professional services to the Trust by others, including the transfer and dividend disbursing agent; (iii) provides adequate office space and communications and other facilities; and (iv) prepares and/or arranges for the preparation, but does not pay for, the periodic updating of the registration statements and the Fund’s prospectus, the printing of such documents for the purpose of filings with the SEC and state securities administrators, and the preparation of tax returns for the Fund and reports to shareholders and the SEC.

The fee paid to the Investment Adviser pursuant to the Agreement is calculated daily and paid monthly at an annual rate equal 0.[ ]% of the average daily net assets of the Fund.

The Agreement obligates the Investment Adviser to pay all expenses incurred by it in connection with its activities under the Agreement, other than those assumed by the Fund. The Fund pays (i) the fees and expenses of the Investment Adviser otherwise incurred for the Fund in connection with the management of the investment and reinvestment of its assets; (ii) the fees and expenses of the Independent Trustees of the Fund or of an investment company in which the Fund invests its investable assets; (iii) certain fees and expenses of the Fund's custodian; (iv) the fees and expenses of the Fund's transfer agent and shareholder servicing agent which relate to the maintenance of each shareholder account and the fees and expenses of any eligible institution; (v) the charges and expenses of legal counsel and independent accountants for the Fund; (vi) brokers' commissions and any issue or transfer taxes chargeable to a Fund in connection with its securities transactions; (vii) all taxes and corporate fees payable by the Fund to federal, state or other governmental authorities; (viii) the fees of any trade association of which the Fund

36

 

may be a member; (ix) the cost of certificates, if any, representing shares of the Fund; (x) the fees and expenses involving registering and maintaining registrations of the Fund's shares with the SEC and preparation and printing of the Fund's Registration Statement and Prospectuses; (xi) the cost of any liability insurance or fidelity bond; (xii) allocable communications expenses with respect to investor services and all expenses of shareholders' and Trustees' meetings and of preparing, printing and mailing reports and prospectuses to Fund shareholders; and (xiii) litigation and indemnification expenses and other extraordinary expenses not incurred in the ordinary course of business of the Fund.

Because the Fund had not commenced operations as of the date of this SAI, there is no Investment Advisory and Administration Fee information.

Portfolio Manager Information

The following information about the Fund’s Co-portfolio managers, Messrs. Andrew P. Hofer and Neil Hohmann is provided as of October 31, 2020.

Andrew P. Hofer

Other Accounts Co-Managed by
Andrew P. Hofer
Total Number of Other
Accounts Managed/
Total Assets (in millions)
Registered Investment Companies [   ]/[   ]
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles* [   ]/$[   ]
Other Accounts * [   ]/$[   ]

 *Mr. Hofer does not manage any accounts individually.

Accounts managed by Mr. Hofer for which the advisory fee is totally or partially based on performance, and the number of such accounts and the assets of such accounts for which the advisory fee is totally or partially based on performance of the Fund’s most recently completed fiscal year, can be found in the table below:

Other Accounts Co-Managed by Andrew P. Hofer

For Which the Advisory Fee is Totally or Partially

Based Upon Performance

Total Number of Other
Accounts Managed/
Total Assets (in millions)
Registered Investment Companies [   ]/[   ]
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles [   ]/$[   ]
Other Accounts [   ]/$[   ]

 

Because the Fund had not commenced operations as of the date of this SAI, there is no Fund ownership information for Mr. Hofer.

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Neil Hohmann

Other Accounts Co-Managed by
Neil Hohmann
Total Number of Other
Accounts Managed/
Total Assets (in millions)
Registered Investment Companies [   ]/[   ]
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles* [   ]/$[   ]
Other Accounts* [   ]/$[   ]

 *Mr. Hohmann does not manage any accounts individually.

Accounts managed by Mr. Hohmann for which the advisory fee is totally or partially based on performance, and the number of such accounts and the assets of such accounts for which the advisory fee is totally or partially based on performance of the Fund’s most recently completed fiscal year, can be found in the table below:

Other Accounts Co-Managed by Neil Hohmann

For Which the Advisory Fee is Totally or Partially

Based Upon Performance

Total Number of Other
Accounts Managed/
Total Assets (in millions)
Registered Investment Companies [   ]/[   ]
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles [   ]/$[   ]
Other Accounts [   ]/$[   ]

 

Because the Fund had not commenced operations as of the date of this SAI, there is no Fund ownership information for Mr. Hohmann.

Compensation Structure

Messrs. Hofer and Hohmann are Managing Directors of BBH&Co. They are paid a fixed base salary and variable incentives based on their performance, the investment performance of the Fund and other portfolios co-managed by Messrs. Hofer and Hohmann, and the overall profitability of BBH&Co. Messrs. Hofer and Hohmann’s base salary is determined within a market competitive salary range, based on their individual experience and performance, and is consistent with the salaries paid to other managing directors of BBH&Co. The variable incentives are composed of three separate elements. The first element is a cash bonus paid at the end of each calendar year based on multiple performance criteria (the “Performance Bonus”). The second element is a cash bonus paid at the end of each calendar year based on the profitability of BBH&Co. (the “Managing Director’s profit share”). The third and typically the smallest element is participation in a profit sharing plan that allows all employees to share in the success of BBH&Co. in meeting its profit objectives. This participation is a uniform portion of each employee’s base salary and is paid to each employee’s 401K account that vests over time. The main criteria for establishing Messrs. Hofer and Hohmann’s Performance Bonuses are the investment performance of the Fund and certain other funds and separate accounts managed by Messrs. Hofer and Hohmann that follow a similar investment strategy as the Fund and Messrs. Hofer and Hohmann’s leadership, collaboration, and communication skills. Messrs. Hofer and Hohmann’s Managing Director’s profit share is consistent with the percentage received by other managing directors of BBH&Co.

 

Conflicts of Interest

BBH&Co., including the Investment Adviser, provides discretionary and non-discretionary investment management services and products to corporations, institutions and individual investors throughout the world. As a result, in the ordinary course of its businesses, BBH&Co., including the Investment Adviser, may engage in activities in which its

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interests or the interests of its clients may conflict with or be adverse to the interests of the Fund. In addition, certain of such clients (including the Fund) utilize the services of BBH&Co. for which they will pay to BBH&Co. customary fees and expenses that will not be shared with the Fund.

 

BBH&Co., including the Investment Adviser, seeks to meet its fiduciary obligation with respect to all investment management clients, including the Fund. BBH&Co., including the Investment Adviser, has adopted and implemented policies and procedures that seek to manage conflicts of interest. Pursuant to such policies and procedures, BBH&Co, including the Investment Adviser, monitors a variety of areas, including compliance with fund investment guidelines, review of allocation decisions and compliance with the Investment Adviser’s Code of Ethics. With respect to the allocation of investment opportunities, BBH&Co., including the Investment Adviser, has adopted and implemented policies designed to achieve fair and equitable allocation of investment opportunities among its clients over time. The Investment Adviser has structured the portfolio managers’ compensation in a manner it believes is reasonably designed to safeguard the Fund from being negatively affected as a result of any such potential conflicts.

 

The Trust also manages these conflicts of interest. For example, the Trust has designated a CCO and has adopted and implemented policies and procedures designed to manage the conflicts identified below and other conflicts that may arise in the course of the Fund’s operations in such a way as to safeguard the Fund from being negatively affected as a result of any such potential conflicts. From time to time, the Trustees receive reports from the Investment Adviser and the Trust’s CCO on areas of potential conflict.

Investors should carefully review the following, which describes potential and actual conflicts of interest that BBH&Co. and the Investment Adviser can face in the operation of its investment management services. This section is not, and is not intended to be, a complete enumeration or explanation of all of the potential conflicts of interest that may arise. The Investment Adviser and the Fund has adopted policies and procedures reasonably designed to appropriately prevent, limit or mitigate the conflicts of interest described below. Additional information about potential conflicts of interest regarding the Investment Adviser is set forth in the Investment Adviser’s Form ADV. A copy of Part 1 and Part 2A of the Investment Adviser’s Form ADV is available on the SEC’s website (www.adviserinfo.sec.gov). In addition, many of the activities that create these conflicts of interest are limited and/or prohibited by law, unless an exception is available.

Other Clients and Allocation of Investment Opportunities. BBH&Co., including the Investment Adviser. manages funds and accounts of clients other than the Fund (“Other Clients”). In general, BBH&Co., including the Investment Adviser, faces conflicts of interest when it renders investment advisory services to different clients and, from time to time, provides dissimilar investment advice to different clients. Investment decisions will not necessarily be made in parallel among the Fund and BBH&Co.’s Other Clients. Investments made by the Fund do not, and are not intended to, replicate the investments, or the investment methods and strategies, of Other Clients managed by BBH&Co. Accordingly, such Other Clients managed by BBH&Co., may produce results that are materially different from those experienced by the Fund. Certain other conflicts of interest may arise in connection with a portfolio manager’s management of the Fund’s investments, on the one hand, and the investments of other funds or accounts for which the portfolio manager is responsible, on the other. For example, it is possible that the various funds or accounts managed by BBH& Co. could have different investment strategies that, at times, might conflict with one another to the possible detriment of the Fund. Alternatively, the investment methods and strategies that the Investment Adviser utilizes in managing the Fund are utilized by BBH&Co., including the Investment Adviser, in managing investments for Other Clients. From time to time, BBH&Co., including the Investment Adviser, establishes, sponsors and is affiliated with other investment pools and accounts which engage in the same or similar businesses as the Fund using the same or similar investment strategies. To the extent that the same investment opportunities might be desirable for more than one account or fund, possible conflicts could arise in determining how to allocate them because BBH&Co. may have an incentive to allocate investment opportunities to certain accounts or funds. For example, BBH&Co. may act as adviser to private funds with investment strategies similar to the Fund. Those private funds may pay BBH&Co. a performance fee in addition to the stated investment advisory fee. In such cases, BBH&Co. may have an incentive to allocate certain investment opportunities to the private fund rather than the Fund in order to increase the private fund’s performance and thus improve BBH&Co.’s chances of receiving the performance fee. However, BBH&Co. has implemented policies and procedures designed to ensure that information relevant to investment decisions is disseminated promptly within its portfolio

39

 

management teams and investment opportunities are allocated equitably among different clients. The policies and procedures require, among other things, objective allocation for limited investment opportunities, and documentation and review of justifications for any decisions to make investments only for select accounts or in a manner disproportionate to the size of the account. Nevertheless, access to investment opportunities may be allocated differently among accounts due to the particular characteristics of an account, such as size of the account, cash position, tax status, risk tolerance and investment restrictions or for other reasons.

Actual or potential conflicts of interest may also arise when a portfolio manager has management responsibilities to multiple accounts or funds, resulting in unequal commitment of time and attention to the portfolio management of the funds or accounts.

Affiliated Service Providers. Other potential conflicts might include conflicts between the Fund and its affiliated and unaffiliated service providers (e.g. conflicting duties of loyalty). In addition to providing investment management services through the SID, BBH&Co. provides administrative, custody, shareholder servicing and fund accounting services to the Fund. BBH&Co. may have conflicting duties of loyalty while servicing the Fund and/or opportunities to further its own interest to the detriment of the Fund. For example, in negotiating fee arrangements with affiliated service providers, BBH&Co. may have an incentive to agree to higher fees than it would in the case of unaffiliated providers. BBH&Co. acting in its capacity as the Fund’s administrator is the primary valuation agent of the Fund. BBH&Co. values securities and assets in the Fund according to the Fund’s valuation policies. Because the Investment Adviser’s advisory and administrative fees are calculated by reference to a Fund’s net assets, BBH&Co. and its affiliates may have an incentive to seek to overvalue certain assets.

Aggregation. Potential conflicts of interest also arise with the aggregation of trade orders. Purchases and sales of securities for the Fund may be aggregated with orders for other BBH&Co. client accounts. BBH&Co., however, is not required to aggregate orders if portfolio management decisions for different accounts are made separately, or if it is determined that aggregating is not practicable, or in cases involving client direction. Prevailing trading activity frequently may make impossible the receipt of the same price or execution on the entire volume of securities purchased or sold. When this occurs, the various prices may be averaged, and the Fund will be charged or credited with the average price. Thus, the effect of the aggregation may operate on some occasions to the disadvantage of the Fund. In addition, under certain circumstances, the Fund will not be charged the same commission or commission equivalent rates in connection with an aggregated order. Allocations of aggregated trades, particularly trade orders that were only partially filled due to limited availability, raise a potential conflict of interest because BBH&Co. has an incentive to allocate trades to certain accounts or funds.

 

Cross Trades. Under certain circumstances, the Investment Adviser, on behalf of the Fund, may seek to buy from or sell securities to another fund or account advised by BBH&Co. or the Investment Adviser. Subject to applicable law and regulation, BBH&Co. or the Investment Adviser may (but is not required to) effect purchases and sales between BBH&Co. or the Investment Adviser’s clients (“cross trades”), including the Fund, if BBH&Co. or the Investment Adviser believe such transactions are appropriate based on each party’s investment objectives and guidelines. There may be potential conflicts of interest or regulatory issues relating to these transactions which could limit the Investment Adviser’s decision to engage in these transactions for the Fund. BBH&Co. or the Investment Adviser may have a potentially conflicting division of loyalties and responsibilities to the parties in such transactions.

 

Soft Dollars. The Investment Adviser may direct brokerage transactions and/or payment of a portion of client commissions (“soft dollars”) to specific brokers or dealers or other providers to pay for research or other appropriate services which provide, in the Investment Adviser’s view, appropriate assistance to the Investment Adviser in the investment decision-making process (including with respect to futures, fixed price offerings and over-the-counter transactions). The use of a broker that provides research and securities transaction services may result in a higher commission than that offered by a broker who does not provide such services. The Investment Adviser will determine in good faith whether the amount of commission is reasonable in relation to the value of research and services provided and whether the services provide lawful and appropriate assistance in its investment decision-making responsibilities.

 

Research or other services obtained in this manner may be used in servicing any or all of the Funds and other BBH&Co. client accounts, including in connection with BBH&Co. client accounts that do not pay commissions to

40

 

the broker related to the research or other service arrangements. Such products and services may disproportionately benefit other BBH&Co. client accounts relative to the Fund based on the amount of brokerage commissions paid by the Fund and such other BBH&Co. client accounts. For example, research or other services that are paid for through one client’s commissions may not be used in managing that client’s account. In addition, other BBH&Co. client accounts may receive the benefit, including disproportionate benefits, of economies of scale or price discounts in connection with products and services that may be provided to the Fund and to such other BBH&Co. client accounts. To the extent that BBH&Co. uses soft dollars, it will not have to pay for those products and services itself.

 

BBH&Co. may receive research that is bundled with the trade execution, clearing, and/or settlement services provided by a particular broker-dealer. To the extent that BBH&Co. receives research on this basis, many of the same conflicts related to traditional soft dollars may exist. For example, the research effectively will be paid by client commissions that also will be used to pay for the execution, clearing, and settlement services provided by the broker-dealer and will not be paid by BBH&Co.

 

BBH&Co. may endeavor to execute trades through brokers who, pursuant to such arrangements, provide research or other services in order to ensure the continued receipt of research or other services BBH&Co. believes are useful in its investment decision-making process. BBH&Co. may from time to time choose not to engage in the above described arrangements to varying degrees. BBH&Co. may also enter into commission sharing arrangements under which BBH&Co. may execute transactions through a broker-dealer, and request that the broker-dealer allocate a portion of the commissions or commission credits to another firm that provides research to BBH&Co. To the extent that BBH&Co. engages in commission sharing arrangements, many of the same conflicts related to traditional soft dollars may exist.

 

Arrangements regarding compensation and delegation of responsibility may create conflicts relating to selection of brokers or dealers to execute Fund portfolio trades and/or specific uses of commissions from Fund portfolio trades, administration of investment advice and valuation of securities.

 

Investments in BBH Funds. From time to time BBH&Co. may invest a portion of the assets of its discretionary investment advisory clients in the Fund. That investment by BBH&Co. on behalf of its discretionary investment advisory clients in the Fund may be significant at times.

Increasing the Fund’s assets may enhance investment flexibility and diversification and may contribute to economies of scale that tend to reduce the Fund’s expense ratio. In selecting the Fund for its discretionary investment advisory clients, BBH&Co. may limit its selection to funds managed by BBH&Co. or the Investment Adviser. BBH&Co. may not consider or canvass the universe of unaffiliated investment companies available, even though there may be unaffiliated investment companies that may be more appropriate or that have superior performance. BBH&Co., the Investment Adviser and their affiliates providing services to the Fund benefit from additional fees when the Fund is included as an investment by a discretionary investment advisory client.

BBH&Co. reserves the right to redeem at any time some or all of the shares of the Fund acquired for its discretionary investment advisory clients’ accounts. A large redemption of shares of the Fund by BBH&Co. on behalf of its discretionary investment advisory clients could significantly reduce the asset size of the Fund, which might have an adverse effect on the Fund’s investment flexibility, portfolio diversification and expense ratio.

 

Valuation. When market quotations are not readily available or are believed by BBH&Co. to be unreliable, the Fund’s investments may be valued at fair value by BBH&Co. pursuant to procedures adopted by the Fund’s Board of Trustees. When determining an asset’s “fair value,” BBH&Co. seeks to determine the price that a Fund might reasonably expect to receive from the current sale of that asset in an arm’s-length transaction. The price generally may not be determined based on what the Fund might reasonably expect to receive for selling an asset at a later time or if it holds the asset to maturity. While fair value determinations will be based upon all available factors that BBH&Co. deems relevant at the time of the determination and may be based on analytical values determined by BBH&Co. using proprietary or third party valuation models, fair value represents only a good faith approximation of the value of a security. The fair value of one or more securities may not, in retrospect, be the price at which those assets could have been sold during the period in which the particular fair values were used in determining the Fund’s net asset value. As a result, the Fund’s sale or redemption of its shares at net asset value, at a time when a holding or

41

 

holdings are valued by BBH&Co. (pursuant to Board-adopted procedures) at fair value, may have the effect of diluting or increasing the economic interest of existing shareholders.

 

Referral Arrangements. BBH&Co. may enter into advisory and/or referral arrangements with third parties. Such arrangements may include compensation paid by BBH&Co. to the third party. BBH&Co. may pay a solicitation fee for referrals and/or advisory or incentive fees. BBH&Co. may benefit from increased amounts of assets under management.

Personal Trading. BBH&Co., including the Investment Adviser, and any of their respective partners, principals, directors, officers, employees, affiliates or agents, face conflicts of interest when transacting in securities for their own accounts because they could benefit by trading in the same securities as the Fund, which could have an adverse effect on the Fund. However, BBH&Co., including the Investment Adviser, has implemented policies and procedures concerning personal trading by BBH&Co. Partners and employees. The policies and procedures are intended to prevent BBH&Co. Partners and employees with access to Fund material non-public information from trading in the same securities as the Fund.

Gifts and Entertainment. From time to time, employees of BBH&Co., including the Investment Adviser, and any of their respective partners, principals, directors, officers, employees, affiliates or agents, may receive gifts and/or entertainment from clients, intermediaries, or service providers to the Fund or BBH&Co., including the Investment Adviser, which could have the appearance of affecting or may potentially affect the judgment of the employees, or the manner in which they conduct business. BBH&Co., including the Investment Adviser, has implemented policies and procedures concerning gifts and entertainment to mitigate any impact on the judgment of BBH&Co. Partners and employees.

 

DISTRIBUTOR

ALPS Distributors, Inc., (“ALPS” or the “Distributor”) serves as the distributor of the Fund’s shares. Its offices are located at 1290 Broadway, Suite 1100, Denver, CO 80203. The Distribution Agreement between the Trust and ALPS, dated as of April 16, 2018, as amended, remains in effect so long as the continuance of the agreement is specifically approved at least annually in conformity with the requirements of the 1940 Act. The Distribution Agreement terminates automatically in the event of its assignment, and may be terminated: (i) with respect to the Fund, at any time, without penalty, by the Board of the Trust or by a vote of the holders of a "majority of the outstanding voting securities" (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Fund on not more than sixty (60) days' written notice to ALPS; and (ii) by ALPS on sixty (60) days' written notice to the Trust.

FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES

From time to time, the Fund and/or its Shareholder Servicing Agent enters into contracts with banks, brokers and other financial intermediaries pursuant to which the financial intermediary, which holds Fund shares in its name on behalf of its customers, may provide the following shareholder services: provides necessary personnel and facilities to establish and maintain certain shareholder accounts and records enabling it to hold, as agent, its customer’s shares in its name or its nominee name on the shareholder records of the Fund; assists in processing purchase and redemption transactions; arranges for the wiring of funds; transmits and receives funds in connection with customer orders to purchase or redeem shares of the Fund; provides periodic statements showing a customer’s account balance and, to the extent practicable, integrates such information with information concerning other customer transactions otherwise effected with or through it; furnishes, either separately or on an integrated basis with other reports sent to a customer, monthly and annual statements and confirmations of all purchases and redemptions of shares in a customer’s account; transmits proxy statements, annual reports, updated prospectuses and other communications from the Fund to its customers; and receives, tabulates and transmits to the Fund proxies executed by its customers with respect to meetings of shareholders of the Fund. A financial intermediary may designate other intermediaries to accept purchase and redemption orders for shares. Customer orders are priced at the NAV for shares next determined after such order has been accepted by such customer’s financial intermediary or its authorized designee. The Fund will be deemed to have received a purchase or redemption order for shares when the financial intermediary or its authorized designee accepts such order. For these services, the financial intermediary receives such fees from the Fund or the Shareholder Servicing Agent as may be agreed upon from time to time between the parties.

42

 

REVENUE SHARING

BBH&Co. may make payments for marketing, promotional or related services provided by broker-dealers and other financial intermediaries that sell shares of the Fund. These payments are often referred to as “revenue sharing payments.” The level of such payments may be based on factors that include, without limitation, differing levels or types of services provided by the intermediary, the expected level of assets or sales of shares, or placing the Fund on a recommended or preferred list, access to an intermediary’s personnel and other factors. Revenue sharing payments are paid from BBH&Co.’s own legitimate profits and its own resources (not from the Fund) and may be in addition to any shareholder servicing payments that are paid. In some circumstances, such payments may create an incentive for an intermediary or its employees or associated persons to recommend or sell shares of a particular Fund to you instead of recommending shares offered by competing investment companies.

Contact your financial intermediary for details about revenue sharing payments.

CUSTODIAN AND FUND ACCOUNTING AGENT

BBH&Co., 140 Broadway, New York, New York 10005, is the custodian and fund accounting agent (the “Custodian”) for the Fund. As Custodian, it is responsible for maintaining books and records of the Fund’s portfolio transactions and holding the Fund’s portfolio securities and cash pursuant to a custodian agreement with the Trust. Cash is held for the Fund at the Custodian. The Custodian maintains the accounting records for the Fund and each day computes the NAV of the Fund.

Because the Fund had not commenced operations as of the date of this SAI, there is no Custody and Accounting Fee information.

TRANSFER AND DIVIDEND DISBURSING AGENT

ALPS Fund Services, Inc., 1290 Broadway, Suite 1100, Denver, CO 80203, is the transfer and dividend disbursing agent for the Fund and is responsible for maintaining the books and records detailing ownership of the Fund’s shares.

LEGAL COUNSEL

 

Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP, 1111 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20004, serves as legal counsel to the Trust.

INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

Deloitte & Touche LLP serves as the independent registered public accounting firm for the Fund. Deloitte & Touche LLP’s principal address is 200 Berkeley Street, Boston, MA 02116.

NET ASSET VALUE

The NAV of each class of shares of the Fund is normally determined once daily at 4:00 P.M. Eastern Time each day the NYSE is open for regular trading (“Business Day”). (As of the date of this SAI, the NYSE is open every weekday except for the following holidays: New Year’s Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Presidents' Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas and on the preceding Friday or subsequent Monday when one of those holidays fall on Saturday or Sunday.) The determination of NAV of each share of the Fund is made once during each Business Day as of the close of regular trading on the NYSE by subtracting from the value of the Fund’s total assets the amount of its liabilities, and dividing the difference by the number of shares of the Fund outstanding at the time the determination is made. NAV is determined separately for each class of shares by dividing the value of the Fund’s total assets attributable to the shares of the class (less all liabilities attributable to the class) by the total number of shares of the class outstanding.

The value of the Fund’s net assets (i.e., the value of its securities and other assets less its liabilities, including expenses payable or accrued) is normally determined at the same time and on the same days as the Fund’s NAV is

43

 

determined. Unless determined not to represent fair value by the Trustees, Fund investments are valued in the manner described below.

The value of investments listed on a securities exchange is based on the last sale prices as of the close of regular trading of the NYSE (which is currently 4:00 P.M., Eastern Time) or, in the absence of recorded sales, at the average of readily available closing bid and asked prices on the NYSE. Unlisted securities are valued at the average of the quoted bid and asked prices in the over-the-counter market. The value of each security for which readily available market quotations exist is based on a decision as to the broadest and most representative market for such security.

Bonds and other fixed income securities (other than short-term obligations but including listed issues) are valued on the basis of valuations furnished by a pricing service, the use of which has been approved by the Board. In making such valuations, the pricing service utilizes both dealer-supplied valuations and electronic data processing techniques which take into account appropriate factors such as institutional-size trading in similar groups of securities, yield, quality, coupon rate, maturity, type of issue, trading characteristics and other market data, without exclusive reliance upon quoted prices or exchange or over-the-counter prices.

Securities or other assets for which market quotations are not readily available, or which are available but deemed unreliable, are valued at fair value in accordance with procedures established by and under the general supervision and responsibility of the Board. Short-term investments which mature in 60 days or less are valued at amortized cost if their original maturity was 60 days or less, or by amortizing their value on the 61st day prior to maturity, if their original maturity when acquired for the Fund was more than 60 days.

Trading in securities on most foreign exchanges and over-the-counter markets is normally completed before the close of the NYSE and may also take place on days the NYSE is closed. If events materially affecting the value of foreign securities occur between the time when the exchange on which they are traded closes and the time when the Fund’s NAV is calculated, such securities would be valued at fair value in accordance with procedures established by and under the general supervision of the Trust’s Board. A domestic exchange-traded security may also be fair valued if events materially affecting the price of the security occur between the time the exchange on which the security or other asset is traded closes and the time the Fund values its assets.

PURCHASES AND REDEMPTIONS

Orders received by a financial intermediary will be priced at the NAV next calculated after that financial intermediary, as an agent of the Fund, receives the request in good order from its clients.

A confirmation of each purchase and redemption transaction is issued on execution of that transaction.

The Fund reserves the right to discontinue, alter or limit the automatic reinvestment privilege at any time, but will provide shareholders prior written notice of any such discontinuance, alteration or limitation.

A shareholder’s right to receive payment with respect to any redemption may be suspended or the payment of the redemption proceeds postponed: (i) during periods when the NYSE is closed for other than weekends and holidays or when regular trading on the NYSE is restricted as determined by the SEC by rule or regulation, (ii) during periods in which an emergency exists, which causes disposal of, or evaluation of the NAV of the Fund’s portfolio securities to be unreasonable or impracticable, or (iii) for such other periods as the SEC may permit.

An investor should be aware that redemptions from the Fund may not be processed if a completed account application with a certified taxpayer identification number has not been received.

In the event a shareholder redeems all shares held in the Fund, future purchases of shares of the Fund by such shareholder would be subject to the Fund’s minimum initial purchase requirements.

The value of shares redeemed may be more or less than the shareholder’s cost depending on Fund performance during the period the shareholder owned such shares.

Lost Accounts. The Fund’s transfer and dividend disbursing agent will consider your account lost if correspondence to your address of record is returned as undeliverable on more than two consecutive occasions, unless the transfer

44

 

agent determines your new address. When an account is "lost," all distributions on the account will be reinvested in additional Fund shares. In addition, the amount of any outstanding checks (unpaid for six months or more) or checks that have been returned to the transfer agent will be reinvested at the then-current NAV and the checks will be cancelled. However, checks will not be reinvested into accounts with a zero balance.

TAXES

The following is only a summary of certain additional U.S. federal income tax considerations generally affecting the Fund and its shareholders that is intended to supplement the discussion contained in the Fund’s prospectus. No attempt is made to present a detailed explanation of the tax treatment of the Fund or its shareholders, and the discussion here and in the Fund’s prospectus is not intended as a substitute for careful tax planning. Shareholders are urged to consult their tax advisors with specific reference to their own tax situations, including their state, local, and foreign tax liabilities.

This discussion of certain federal income tax consequences is based on the Code and the regulations issued thereunder as in effect on the date of this SAI. New legislation, as well as administrative changes or court decisions, may significantly change the conclusions expressed herein, and may have a retroactive effect with respect to the matters addressed herein.

The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”) makes significant changes to the U.S. federal income tax rules for taxation of individuals and corporations, generally effective for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017. Many of the changes applicable to individuals are temporary and would apply only to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017 and before January 1, 2026. There are only minor changes with respect to the specific rules applicable to a regulated investment company (“RIC”), such as the Fund. The Tax Act, however, makes numerous other changes to the tax rules that may affect shareholders and the Fund. You are urged to consult with your own tax advisor regarding how the Tax Act affects your investment in the Fund.

Qualification as a Regulated Investment Company (“RIC”). The Fund intends to qualify and elects to be treated as a RIC. By following such a policy, the Fund expects to eliminate or reduce to a nominal amount the federal taxes to which it may be subject. If the Fund qualifies as a RIC, it will generally not be subject to federal income taxes on the net investment income and net realized capital gains that it timely distributes to its shareholders. The Board reserves the right not to maintain the qualification of the Fund as a RIC if it determines such course of action to be beneficial to shareholders.

In order to qualify as a RIC under the Code, the Fund must distribute annually to its shareholders at least 90% of its net investment income (which, includes dividends, taxable interest, and the excess of net short-term capital gains over net long-term capital losses, less operating expenses) and at least 90% of its net tax exempt interest income, for each tax year, if any (the “Distribution Requirement”) and also must meet certain additional requirements. Among these requirements are the following: (i) at least 90% of the Fund’s gross income each taxable year must be derived from dividends, interest, payments with respect to certain securities loans, and gains from the sale or other disposition of stock, securities, or foreign currencies, or other income (including but not limited to gains from options, futures or forward contracts) derived with respect to its business of investing in such stock, securities, or currencies, and net income derived from an interest in a qualified publicly traded partnership (the “Qualifying Income Test”); and (ii) at the close of each quarter of the Fund’s taxable year: (A) at least 50% of the value of its total assets must be represented by cash and cash items, U.S. government securities, securities of other RICs and other securities, with such other securities limited, in respect to any one issuer, to an amount not greater than 5% of the value of the Fund’s total assets and that does not represent more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer, including the equity securities of a qualified publicly traded partnership, and (B) not more than 25% of the value of its total assets is invested, including through corporations in which the Fund owns a 20% or more voting stock interest, in the securities (other than U.S. government securities or securities of other RICs) of any one issuer or the securities (other than the securities of another RIC) of two or more issuers that the Fund controls and which are engaged in the same or similar trades or businesses or related trades or businesses, or the securities of one or more qualified publicly traded partnerships (the “Asset Test”).

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Although the Fund intends to distribute substantially all of its net investment income and may distribute its capital gains for any taxable year, the Fund will be subject to federal income taxation to the extent any such income or gains are not distributed.

If the Fund fails to satisfy the Qualifying Income or Asset Tests in any taxable year, the Fund may be eligible for relief provisions if the failures are due to reasonable cause and not willful neglect and if a penalty tax is paid with respect to each failure to satisfy the applicable requirements. Additionally, relief is provided for certain de minimis failures of the diversification requirements where the Fund corrects the failure within a specified period. If the Fund fails to maintain qualification as a RIC for a tax year, and the relief provisions are not available, the Fund will be subject to federal income tax at the regular corporate rate (which the Tax Act reduced to 21%) without any deduction for distributions to shareholders. In such case, its shareholders would be taxed as if they received ordinary dividends, although corporate shareholders could be eligible for the dividends received deduction (subject to certain limitations) and individuals may be able to benefit from the lower tax rates available to qualified dividend income. In addition, the Fund could be required to recognize unrealized gains, pay substantial taxes and interest, and make substantial distributions before requalifying as a RIC.

The Fund may elect to treat part or all of any “qualified late year loss” as if it had been incurred in the succeeding taxable year in determining the Fund’s taxable income, net capital gain, net short-term capital gain, and earnings and profits. The effect of this election is to treat any such “qualified late year loss” as if it had been incurred in the succeeding taxable year in characterizing Fund distributions for any calendar year. A “qualified late year loss” generally includes net capital loss, net long-term capital loss, or net short-term capital loss incurred after October 31 of the current taxable year (commonly referred to as “post-October losses”) and certain other late-year losses.

The treatment of capital loss carryovers for the Fund is similar to the rules that apply to capital loss carryovers of individuals, which provide that such losses are carried over indefinitely. If the Fund has a “net capital loss” (that is, capital losses in excess of capital gains), for a taxable year beginning after December 22, 2010 (a “Post-2010 Loss”), the excess of the Fund’s net short-term capital losses over its net long-term capital gains is treated as a short-term capital loss arising on the first day of the Fund’s next taxable year, and the excess (if any) of the Fund’s net long-term capital losses over its net short-term capital gains is treated as a long-term capital loss arising on the first day of the Fund’s next taxable year. The Fund’s unused capital loss carryforwards that arose in taxable years that began on or before December 22, 2010 (“Pre-2011 Losses”) are available to be applied against future capital gains, if any, realized by the Fund prior to the expiration of those carryforwards, generally eight years after the year in which they arose. The Fund’s Post-2010 Losses must be fully utilized before the Fund will be permitted to utilize carryforwards of Pre-2011 Losses. In addition, the carryover of capital losses may be limited under the general loss limitation rules if the Fund experiences an ownership change as defined in the Code.

Federal Excise Tax. Notwithstanding the Distribution Requirement described above, which generally requires the Fund to distribute at least 90% of its annual investment company taxable income and the excess of its exempt interest income (but does not require any minimum distribution of net capital gain), the Fund will be subject to a nondeductible 4% federal excise tax to the extent it fails to distribute, by the end of the calendar year at least 98% of its ordinary income and 98.2% of its capital gain net income (the excess of short- and long-term capital gains over short- and long-term capital losses) for the one-year period ending on October 31 of such year (including any retained amount from the prior calendar year on which the Fund paid no federal income tax). The Fund intends to make sufficient distributions to avoid liability for federal excise tax, but can make no assurances that such tax will be completely eliminated. The Fund may in certain circumstances be required to liquidate Fund investments in order to make sufficient distributions to avoid federal excise tax liability at a time when the investment adviser might not otherwise have chosen to do so.

Distributions to Shareholders. The Fund receives income generally in the form of dividends and interest on investments. This income, plus net short-term capital gains, if any, less expenses incurred in the operation of the Fund, constitutes the Fund’s net investment income from which dividends may be paid to you. Any distributions by the Fund from such income will be taxable to you as ordinary income or at the lower capital gains rates that apply to individuals receiving qualified dividend income, whether you take them in cash or in additional shares. Due to the Fund’s investment strategy it is not anticipated that the distributions by the Fund will be eligible for the reduced tax rates applicable to qualified dividend income or the dividends-received-deduction for corporate shareholders.

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Distributions by the Fund of its net short-term capital gains will be taxable as ordinary income. Capital gain distributions consisting of the Fund’s net capital gains will be taxable as long-term capital gains for individual shareholders currently set at a maximum rate of 20% regardless of how long you have held your shares in the Fund.

To the extent that the Fund makes a distribution of income received by the Fund in lieu of dividends (a “substitute payment”) with respect to securities on loan pursuant to a securities lending transaction, such income will not constitute qualified dividend income to individual shareholders and will not be eligible for the dividends received deduction for corporate shareholders.

If the Fund’s distributions exceed its taxable income and capital gains realized during a taxable year, all or a portion of the distributions made in the same taxable year may be recharacterized as a return of capital to shareholders. A return of capital distribution will generally not be taxable, but will reduce each shareholder’s cost basis in the Fund and result in a higher reported capital gain or lower reported capital loss when those shares on which the distribution was received are sold.

A dividend or distribution received shortly after the purchase of shares reduces the net asset value of the shares by the amount of the dividend or distribution and, although in effect a return of capital, will be taxable to the shareholder. If the net asset value of shares were reduced below the shareholder's cost by dividends or distributions representing gains realized on sales of securities, such dividends or distributions would be a return of investment though taxable to the shareholder in the same manner as other dividends or distributions.

The Fund (or its administrative agent) will inform you of the amount of your ordinary income dividends, qualified dividend income and capital gain distributions, if any, and will advise you of their tax status for federal income tax purposes shortly after the close of each calendar year. If you have not held your shares for a full year, the Fund may designate and distribute to you, as ordinary income, qualified dividend income or capital gain, a percentage of income that is not equal to the actual amount of such income earned during the period of your investment in the Fund.

Dividends declared to shareholders of record in October, November or December and actually paid in January of the following year will be treated as having been received by shareholders on December 31 of the calendar year in which declared. Under this rule, therefore, a shareholder may be taxed in one year on dividends or distributions actually received in January of the following year.

Sales, Exchanges or Redemptions. Any gain or loss recognized on a sale, exchange, or redemption of shares of the Fund by a shareholder who is not a dealer in securities will generally, for individual shareholders, be treated as a long-term capital gain or loss if the shares have been held for more than twelve months and otherwise will be treated as a short-term capital gain or loss. However, if shares on which a shareholder has received a net capital gain distribution are subsequently sold, exchanged, or redeemed and such shares have been held for six months or less, any loss recognized will be treated as a long-term capital loss to the extent of the net capital gain distribution. In addition, the loss realized on a sale or other disposition of shares will be disallowed to the extent a shareholder repurchases (or enters into a contract or option to repurchase) shares within a period of 61 days (beginning 30 days before and ending 30 days after the disposition of the shares). This loss disallowance rule will apply to shares received through the reinvestment of dividends during the 61-day period.

U.S. individuals with income exceeding $200,000 ($250,000 if married and filing jointly) are subject to a 3.8% Medicare contribution tax on their “net investment income,” including interest, dividends, and capital gains (including any capital gains realized on the sale or exchange of shares of the Fund).

The Fund (or its administrative agent) must report to the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) and furnish to Fund shareholders the cost basis information for Fund shares purchased on or after January 1, 2012, and sold on or after that date. In addition to reporting the gross proceeds from the sale of Fund shares, the Fund (or its administrative agent) is also required to report the cost basis information for such shares and indicate whether these shares have a short-term or long-term holding period. For each sale of its shares, the Fund will permit its shareholders to elect from among several IRS-accepted cost basis methods, including average cost. In the absence of an election, the Fund will use the average cost basis method. The cost basis method elected by shareholders (or the cost basis method applied by default) for each sale of the Fund’s shares may not be changed after the settlement date of each such sale of the Fund’s shares. Shareholders should consult their tax advisors to determine the best IRS-accepted

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cost basis method for their tax situation and to obtain more information about cost basis reporting. Shareholders also should carefully review any cost basis information provided to them and make any additional basis, holding period or other adjustments that are required when reporting these amounts on their federal income tax returns.

Tax Treatment of Complex Securities. The Fund may invest in complex securities and these investments may be subject to numerous special and complex tax rules. These rules could affect the Fund’s ability to qualify as a RIC, affect whether gains and losses recognized by the Fund are treated as ordinary income or capital gain, accelerate the recognition of income to the Fund and/or defer the Fund’s ability to recognize losses, and, in limited cases, subject the Fund to U.S. federal income tax on income from certain of its foreign securities. In turn, these rules may affect the amount, timing or character of the income distributed to you by the Fund.

As a result of entering into swap contracts, the Fund may make or receive periodic net payments. The Fund may also make or receive a payment when a swap is terminated prior to maturity through an assignment of the swap or other closing transaction. Periodic net payments will generally constitute ordinary income or deductions, while termination of a swap will generally result in capital gain or loss (which will be a long-term capital gain or loss if the Fund has been a party to the swap for more than one year). The tax treatment of many types of credit default swaps is uncertain and may affect the amount, timing or character of the income distributed to you by the Fund.

The Fund is required for federal income tax purposes to mark-to-market and recognize as income for each taxable year its net unrealized gains and losses on certain futures contracts as of the end of the year as well as those actually realized during the year. Gain or loss from futures and options contracts on broad-based indexes required to be marked to market will be 60% long-term and 40% short-term capital gain or loss. Application of this rule may alter the timing and character of distributions to shareholders. The Fund may be required to defer the recognition of losses on futures contracts, options contracts and swaps to the extent of any unrecognized gains on offsetting positions held by the Fund. These provisions may also require the Fund to mark-to-market certain types of positions in its portfolio (i.e., treat them as if they were closed out), which may cause the Fund to recognize income without receiving cash with which to make distributions in amounts necessary to satisfy the Distribution Requirement and for avoiding the excise tax discussed above. Accordingly, in order to avoid certain income and excise taxes, the Fund may be required to liquidate its investments at a time when the investment adviser might not otherwise have chosen to do so.

With respect to investments in STRIPS, Treasury Receipts, and other zero coupon securities which are sold at original issue discount and thus do not make periodic cash interest payments, the Fund will be required to include as part of its current income the imputed interest on such obligations even though the Fund has not received any interest payments on such obligations during that period. Because the Fund intends to distribute all of its net investment income to its shareholders, the Fund may have to sell Fund securities to distribute such imputed income which may occur at a time when the Adviser would not have chosen to sell such securities and which may result in taxable gain or loss.

Any market discount recognized on a bond is taxable as ordinary income. A market discount bond is a bond acquired in the secondary market at a price below redemption value or adjusted issue price if issued with original issue discount. Absent an election by the Fund to include the market discount in income as it accrues, gain on the Fund’s disposition of such an obligation will be treated as ordinary income rather than capital gain to the extent of the accrued market discount.

The Fund may invest in inflation-linked debt securities. Any increase in the principal amount of an inflation-linked debt security will be original interest discount, which is taxable as ordinary income and is required to be distributed, even though the Fund will not receive the principal, including any increase thereto, until maturity. As noted above, if the Fund invests in such securities it may be required to liquidate other investments, including at times when it is not advantageous to do so, in order to satisfy its distribution requirements and to eliminate any possible taxation at the Fund level.

Certain Foreign Currency Tax Issues. The Fund’s transactions in foreign currencies and forward foreign currency contracts will generally be subject to special provisions of the Code that, among other things, may affect the character of gains and losses realized by the Fund (i.e., may affect whether gains or losses are ordinary or capital), accelerate recognition of income to the Fund and defer losses. These rules could therefore affect the character, amount and timing of distributions to shareholders. These provisions also may require the Fund to mark-to-market certain types of positions in its portfolio (i.e., treat them as if they were closed out) which may cause the Fund to

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recognize income without receiving cash with which to make distributions in amounts necessary to satisfy the Distribution Requirements and for avoiding the excise tax described above. The Fund intends to monitor its transactions, intends to make the appropriate tax elections, and intends to make the appropriate entries in its books and records when it acquires any foreign currency or forward foreign currency contract in order to mitigate the effect of these rules so as to prevent disqualification of the Fund as a RIC and minimize the imposition of income and excise taxes.

Foreign Taxes. Dividends and interest received by the Fund may be subject to income, withholding or other taxes imposed by foreign countries and U.S. possessions that would reduce the yield on the Fund’s stock or securities. Tax conventions between certain countries and the U.S. may reduce or eliminate these taxes. Foreign countries generally do not impose taxes on capital gains with respect to investments by foreign investors.

If more than 50% of the value of the Fund’s total assets at the close of its taxable year consists of stock or securities of foreign corporations, the Fund will be eligible to and intends to file an election with the IRS that may enable shareholders, in effect, to receive either the benefit of a foreign tax credit, or a deduction from such taxes, with respect to any foreign and U.S. possessions income taxes paid by the Fund, subject to certain limitations. Pursuant to the election, the Fund will treat those taxes as dividends paid to its shareholders. Each such shareholder will be required to include a proportionate share of those taxes in gross income as income received from a foreign source and must treat the amount so included as if the shareholder had paid the foreign tax directly. The shareholder may then either deduct the taxes deemed paid by him or her in computing his or her taxable income or, alternatively, use the foregoing information in calculating any foreign tax credit they may be entitled to use against the shareholders’ federal income tax. If the Fund makes the election, the Fund (or its administrative agent) will report annually to its shareholders the respective amounts per share of the Fund’s income from sources within, and taxes paid to, foreign countries and U.S. possessions.

Tax-Exempt Shareholders. Certain tax-exempt shareholders, including qualified pension plans, individual retirement accounts, salary deferral arrangements, 401(k)s, and other tax-exempt entities, generally are exempt from federal income taxation except with respect to their unrelated business taxable income (“UBTI”). Under the Tax Act, tax-exempt entities are not permitted to offset losses from one trade or business against the income or gain of another trade or business. Certain net losses incurred prior to January 1, 2018 are permitted to offset gain and income created by an unrelated trade or business, if otherwise available. Under current law, the Fund generally serves to block UBTI from being realized by their tax-exempt shareholders. However, notwithstanding the foregoing, the tax-exempt shareholder could realize UBTI by virtue of an investment in the Fund where, for example: (i) the Fund invests in residual interests of Real Estate Mortgage Investment Conduits (“REMICs”), (ii) the Fund invests in a REIT that is a taxable mortgage pool (“TMP”) or that has a subsidiary that is a TMP or that invests in the residual interest of a REMIC, or (iii) shares in the Fund constitute debt-financed property in the hands of the tax-exempt shareholder within the meaning of section 514(b) of the Code. Charitable remainder trusts are subject to special rules and should consult their tax advisor. The IRS has issued guidance with respect to these issues and prospective shareholders, especially charitable remainder trusts, are strongly encouraged to consult their tax advisors regarding these issues.

The Fund’s shares held in a tax-qualified retirement account will generally not be subject to federal taxation on income and capital gains distributions from the Fund until a shareholder begins receiving payments from their retirement account.

Backup Withholding. The Fund will be required in certain cases to withhold at a 24% withholding rate and remit to the U.S. Treasury the amount withheld on amounts payable to any shareholder who: (i) has provided the Fund either an incorrect tax identification number or no number at all; (ii) is subject to backup withholding by the IRS for failure to properly report payments of interest or dividends; (iii) has failed to certify to the Fund that such shareholder is not subject to backup withholding; or (iv) has failed to certify to the Fund that the shareholder is a U.S. person (including a resident alien).

Non-U.S. Investors. Any non-U.S. investors in the Fund may be subject to U.S. withholding and estate tax and are encouraged to consult their tax advisors prior to investing in the Fund. Foreign shareholders (i.e., nonresident alien individuals and foreign corporations, partnerships, trusts and estates) are generally subject to U.S. withholding tax at the rate of 30% (or a lower tax treaty rate) on distributions derived from taxable ordinary income. The Fund may,

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under certain circumstances, report all or a portion of a dividend as an “interest-related dividend” or a “short-term capital gain dividend,” which would generally be exempt from this 30% U.S. withholding tax, provided certain other requirements are met. Short-term capital gain dividends received by a nonresident alien individual who is present in the U.S. for a period or periods aggregating 183 days or more during the taxable year are not exempt from this 30% withholding tax. Gains realized by foreign shareholders from the sale or other disposition of shares of the Fund generally are not subject to U.S. taxation, unless the recipient is an individual who is physically present in the U.S. for 183 days or more per year. Foreign shareholders who fail to provide an applicable IRS form may be subject to backup withholding on certain payments from the Fund. Backup withholding will not be applied to payments that are subject to the 30% (or lower applicable treaty rate) withholding tax described in this paragraph. Different tax consequences may result if the foreign shareholder is engaged in a trade or business within the United States. In addition, the tax consequences to a foreign shareholder entitled to claim the benefits of a tax treaty may be different than those described above.

Under legislation generally known as “FATCA” (the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act), the Fund is required to withhold 30% of certain ordinary dividends it pays to shareholders that fail to meet prescribed information reporting or certification requirements. In general, no such withholding will be required with respect to a U.S. person or non-U.S. individual that timely provides the certifications required by the Fund or its agent on a valid IRS Form W-9 or applicable IRS Form W-8, respectively. Shareholders potentially subject to withholding include foreign financial institutions (“FFIs”), such as non-U.S. investment funds, and non-financial foreign entities (“NFFEs”). To avoid withholding under FATCA, an FFI generally must enter into an information sharing agreement with the IRS in which it agrees to report certain identifying information (including name, address, and taxpayer identification number) with respect to its U.S. account holders (which, in the case of an entity shareholder, may include its direct and indirect U.S. owners), and an NFFE generally must identify and provide other required information to the Fund or other withholding agent regarding its U.S. owners, if any. Such non-U.S. shareholders also may fall into certain exempt, excepted or deemed compliant categories as established by regulations and other guidance. A non-U.S. shareholder resident or doing business in a country that has entered into an intergovernmental agreement with the U.S. to implement FATCA will be exempt from FATCA withholding provided that the shareholder and the applicable foreign government comply with the terms of the agreement.

A non-U.S. entity that invests in the Fund will need to provide the Fund with documentation properly certifying the entity’s status under FATCA in order to avoid FATCA withholding. Non-U.S. investors in the Fund should consult their tax advisors in this regard.

Tax Shelter Reporting Regulations. Under U.S. Treasury regulations, generally, if a shareholder recognizes a loss of $2 million or more for an individual shareholder or $10 million or more for a corporate shareholder, the shareholder must file with the IRS a disclosure statement on Form 8886. Direct shareholders of portfolio securities are in many cases excepted from this reporting requirement, but under current guidance, shareholders of a RIC such as the Fund are not excepted. Future guidance may extend the current exception from this reporting requirement to shareholders of most or all RICs. The fact that a loss is reportable under these regulations does not affect the legal determination of whether the taxpayer's treatment of the loss is proper. Shareholders should consult their tax advisors to determine the applicability of these regulations in light of their individual circumstances.

State Taxes. Depending upon state and local law, distributions by the Fund to its shareholders and the ownership of such shares may be subject to state and local taxes. Rules of state and local taxation of dividend and capital gains distributions from RICs often differ from the rules for federal income taxation described above.

Many states grant tax-free status to dividends paid to you from interest earned on direct obligations of the U.S. government, subject in some states to minimum investment requirements that must be met by the Fund. Investment in Ginnie Mae or Fannie Mae securities, banker’s acceptances, commercial paper, and repurchase agreements collateralized by U.S. government securities do not generally qualify for such tax-free treatment. The rules on exclusion of this income are different for corporate shareholders. Shareholders are urged to consult their tax advisors regarding state and local taxes applicable to an investment in the Fund.

The foregoing discussion is a summary only and is not intended as a substitute for careful tax planning. Purchasers of shares should consult their own tax advisers as to the tax consequences of investing in such shares, including under state, local and other tax laws. Finally, the foregoing discussion is based on applicable provisions of the Code, regulations, judicial authority and administrative interpretations in effect on the date hereof. Changes in applicable

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authority could materially affect the conclusions discussed above, and such changes often occur. Because each shareholder’s tax situation is different, shareholders should consult their tax advisor about the tax implications of an investment in the Fund.

DESCRIPTION OF SHARES

The Trust is an open-end management investment company organized as a Delaware Trust on October 28, 2005. Its offices are located at 140 Broadway, New York, New York 10005; its telephone number is 800-575-1265. The Agreement and Declaration of Trust currently permits the Trust to issue an unlimited number of shares with no par value.

Each share of the Fund represents an equal proportional interest in the Fund with each other share. Upon liquidation of the Fund, shareholders are entitled to share pro rata in the net assets of the Fund available for distribution to shareholders.

Shareholders of the Fund are entitled to a full vote for each share held and to a fractional vote for each fractional share held. Separate votes are taken by a single series of the Trust on matters affecting only that series, and by a single class of a particular series on matters affecting only that class. Shareholders in the Trust do not have cumulative voting rights, and shareholders owning more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the Trust may elect all of the Trustees if they choose to do so and in such event the other shareholders in the Trust would not be able to elect any Trustee. The Trust is not required and has no current intention to hold meetings of shareholders annually, but the Trust will hold special meetings of shareholders when in the judgment of the Trustees it is necessary or desirable to submit matters for a shareholder vote as may be required by the 1940 Act or as may be permitted by the Agreement and Declaration of Trust or By-laws. Shareholders have under certain circumstances (e.g., upon application and submission of certain specified documents to the Trustees by a specified number of shareholders) the right to communicate with other shareholders in connection with requesting a meeting of shareholders for the purpose of removing one or more Trustees. Shareholders also have the right to remove one or more Trustees without a meeting by a declaration in writing by a specified number of shareholders. Shares have no preemptive or conversion rights. The rights of redemption are described in the Prospectus. Shares are fully paid and non-assessable by the Trust. The Trust’s Agreement and Declaration of Trust provides that the Trust may, upon the approval of its Board, require the redemption of all or any part of any outstanding shares without shareholder consent upon the sending of written notice thereof to each affected shareholder. This might occur, for example, if the Fund does not reach or fails to maintain an economically viable size.

Share certificates are not issued by the Trust.

The By-laws of the Trust provide that the presence in person or by proxy of the holders of record of one third of the shares of the Fund outstanding and entitled to vote thereat shall constitute a quorum at all meetings of Fund shareholders, except as otherwise required by applicable law. The By-laws further provide that all questions shall be decided by a majority of the votes cast at any such meeting at which a quorum is present, except as otherwise required by applicable law.

The Trust’s Agreement and Declaration of Trust provides that, at any meeting of shareholders of the Fund, each financial intermediary may vote any shares as to which that financial intermediary is the agent of record and which are otherwise not represented in person or by proxy at the meeting, proportionately in accordance with the votes cast by holders of all shares otherwise represented at the meeting in person or by proxy as to which that financial intermediary is the agent of record. Any shares so voted by a financial intermediary are deemed represented at the meeting for purposes of quorum requirements.

The Agreement and Declaration of Trust further provides that obligations of the Trust are not binding upon the Trust’s Trustees individually but only upon the property of the Trust and that the Trust’s Trustees are not liable for any action or failure to act. Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing in the Agreement and Declaration of Trust protects a Trustee against any liability to which he would otherwise be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence, or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his office.

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The Trust has adopted a plan pursuant to Rule 18f-3 under the 1940 Act (the "Plan") to permit the Trust to establish a multiple class distribution system for the Fund. Under the Plan, each class of shares represents an interest in the same portfolio of investments of the Fund, and has the same rights and privileges as any other class of the Fund.

PORTFOLIO BROKERAGE TRANSACTIONS

The Fund is managed actively in pursuit of its investment objective. Securities are not traded for short-term profits but, when circumstances warrant, securities are sold without regard to the length of time held. A 25% annual turnover rate would occur, for example, if one-quarter of the securities in the Fund’s portfolio (excluding short-term obligations) were replaced once in a period of one year. The amount of brokerage commissions and taxes on realized capital gains to be borne by the shareholders of the Fund tends to increase as the turnover rate activity increases.

In effecting securities transactions for the Fund, the Investment Adviser seeks to obtain the best price and execution of orders. In selecting a broker, the Investment Adviser considers a number of factors including: the broker’s ability to execute orders without disturbing the market price; the broker’s reliability for prompt, accurate confirmations and on-time delivery of securities; the broker’s financial condition and responsibility; the research and other investment information provided by the broker; and the commissions charged. Accordingly, the commissions charged by any such broker may be greater than the amount another firm might charge if the Investment Adviser determines in good faith that the amount of such commissions is reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage services and research information provided by such broker.

Portfolio securities are not purchased from or sold to the Administrator, Distributor or Investment Adviser or any "affiliated person" (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Administrator, Distributor or Investment Adviser when such entities are acting as principals, except to the extent permitted by law.

The Board from time to time reviews, among other things, information relating to the commissions charged by BBH&Co. to the Fund and to its other customers and information concerning the prevailing level of commissions charged by other qualified brokers.

The Investment Adviser may direct a portion of the Fund’s securities transactions to certain unaffiliated brokers which in turn use a portion of the commissions they receive from the Fund to pay other unaffiliated service providers for services provided to the Fund for which the Fund would otherwise be obligated to pay. Such commissions paid by the Fund are at the same rate paid to other brokers for effecting similar transactions in listed equity securities.

The Fund executes transactions through qualified brokers other than BBH&Co. In selecting such brokers, the Investment Adviser may consider the research and other investment information provided by such brokers. Such research services include economic statistics and forecasting services, industry and company analyses, portfolio strategy services, quantitative data, and consulting services from economists and political analysts. Research services furnished by brokers are used for the benefit of all the Investment Adviser’s clients and not solely or necessarily for the benefit of the Fund. The Investment Adviser believes that the value of research services received is not readily determinable. The Trust does not reduce the fee paid by the Fund to the Investment Adviser by any amount that might be attributable to the value of such services.

BBH&Co. maintains a list of approved Brokers and establishes committees that will periodically assess and review the full range of broker-dealer services including: the Broker’s ability to execute orders without disturbing the market price; the Broker’s reliability for prompt, accurate confirmations and on-time delivery of securities; the Broker’s financial condition and responsibility; the research and other investment information provided by the Broker; and the commissions charged. In evaluating the execution capability of approved Brokers, these committees will review, when appropriate, a number of factors that may include, without limitation, the following: (i) ability to execute orders at the prevailing market price at the time of order entry; (ii) ability to execute orders on a timely basis; and (iii) ability to automate order flow, including the ability of the execution venue to support the order types. In addition, under Section 28(e) of the Exchange Act, the value of the permitted products and services can be factored into the equation for evaluating the cost of each transaction, including higher commissions, to determine if best execution is in fact obtained from approved Brokers. Any new Brokers shall be assessed against BBH&Co.’s best execution criteria and reviewed by the applicable committee for inclusion on the approved Broker list.

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The Trustees review regularly the reasonableness of commissions and other transaction costs incurred for the Fund in light of facts and circumstances deemed relevant from time to time and, in that connection, receive reports from the Investment Adviser and published data concerning transaction costs incurred by institutional investors generally.

The writing of options by the Trust may be subject to limitations established by each of the exchanges governing the maximum number of options in each class which may be written by a single investor or group of investors acting in concert, regardless of whether the options are written on the same or different exchanges or are held or written in one or more accounts or through one or more brokers. The number of options which the Trust may write may be affected by options written by the Investment Adviser for other investment advisory clients. An exchange may order the liquidation of positions found to be in excess of these limits, and it may impose certain other sanctions.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

As used in this SAI and the Prospectus, the term “majority of the outstanding voting securities” (as defined in the 1940 Act) currently means the vote of: (i) 67% or more of the Fund’s shares present at a meeting, if the holders of more than 50% of the Fund’s outstanding voting securities are present in person or represented by proxy; or (ii) more than 50% of the Fund’s outstanding voting securities, whichever is less.

Fund shareholders receive semi-annual reports containing unaudited financial statements and annual reports containing financial statements audited by independent registered public accounting firm.

With respect to the securities offered by the Fund, this SAI and the Prospectus do not contain all the information included in the Registration Statement filed with the SEC under the 1933 Act. Pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC, certain portions have been omitted. The Registration Statement including the exhibits filed therewith may be examined at the office of the SEC in Washington, D.C. or by calling 1-202-551-8090. Additionally, this information is available on the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov. A copy may be obtained, after paying a duplicating fee, by electronic request at the following e-mail address: publicinfo@sec.gov.

Statements contained in this SAI and the Prospectus concerning the contents of any contract or other document are not necessarily complete, and in each instance, reference is made to the copy of such contract or other document filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement. Each such statement is qualified in all respects by such reference.

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APPENDIX 1 - DESCRIPTION OF RATINGS

The Fund’s investments may range in quality from securities rated in the lowest category in which the Fund is permitted to invest to securities rated in the highest category (as rated by nationally rated statistical ratings organizations including, but not limited to: Moody’s, Standard & Poor’s, Fitch’s, DBRS, Kroll, or, if unrated by such organizations, as determined by the Investment Adviser to be of comparable quality). The percentage of the Fund’s assets invested in securities in a particular rating category will vary. The following terms are generally used to describe the credit quality of fixed income securities:

Investment Grade Debt Securities are those rated in one of the four highest rating categories or, if unrated, deemed comparable by the Investment Adviser.

Below Investment Grade, High Yield Securities ("Junk Bonds") are those rated lower than Baa by Moody’s or BBB by Standard & Poor’s and comparable securities. They are deemed to be predominately speculative with respect to the issuer’s ability to repay principal and interest.

Moody’s Investor Service

 

A Description of Moody’s Investors Service, Inc.’s (“Moody’s”) Global Rating Scales Ratings assigned on Moody’s global long-term and short-term rating scales are forward-looking opinions of the relative credit risks of financial obligations issued by non-financial corporates, financial institutions, structured finance vehicles, project finance vehicles, and public sector entities. Long-term ratings are assigned to issuers or obligations with an original maturity of one year or more and reflect both on the likelihood of a default on contractually promised payments and the expected financial loss suffered in the event of default. Short term ratings are assigned to obligations with an original maturity of thirteen months or less and reflect the likelihood of a default on contractually promised payments.

 

Description of Moody’s Long-Term Obligation Ratings

 

AaaObligations rated Aaa are judged to be of the highest quality, subject to the lowest level of credit risk.

 

AaObligations rated Aa are judged to be of high quality and are subject to very low credit risk.

 

AObligations rated A are judged to be upper-medium grade and are subject to low credit risk.

 

BaaObligations rated Baa are judged to be medium-grade and subject to moderate credit risk and as such may possess certain speculative characteristics.

 

BaObligations rated Ba are judged to be speculative and are subject to substantial credit risk.

 

BObligations rated B are considered speculative and are subject to high credit risk.

 

CaaObligations rated Caa are judged to be speculative of poor standing and are subject to very high credit risk.

 

CaObligations rated Ca are highly speculative and are likely in, or very near, default, with some prospect of recovery of principal and interest.

 

CObligations rated C are the lowest rated class and are typically in default, with little prospect for recovery of principal or interest.

 

Note: Moody’s appends numerical modifiers 1, 2, and 3 to each generic rating classification from Aaa through Caa. The modifier 1 indicates that the obligation ranks in the higher end of its generic rating category; the modifier 2 indicates a mid-range ranking; and the modifier 3 indicates a ranking in the lower end of that generic rating category.

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Hybrid Indicator (hyb)

 

The hybrid indicator (hyb) is appended to all ratings of hybrid securities issued by banks, insurers, finance companies, and securities firms. By their terms, hybrid securities allow for the omission of scheduled dividends, interest, or principal payments, which can potentially result in impairment if such an omission occurs. Hybrid securities may also be subject to contractually allowable write-downs of principal that could result in impairment. Together with the hybrid indicator, the long-term obligation rating assigned to a hybrid security is an expression of the relative credit risk associated with that security.

 

Description of Short-Term Obligation Ratings

 

Moody’s employs the following designations to indicate the relative repayment ability of rated issuers:

 

P-1Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-1 have a superior ability to repay short-term debt obligations.

 

P-2Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-2 have a strong ability to repay short-term debt obligations.

 

P-3Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-3 have an acceptable ability to repay short-term obligations.

 

NPIssuers (or supporting institutions) rated Not Prime do not fall within any of the Prime rating categories.

 

Description of Moody’s US Municipal Short-Term Obligation Ratings

 

The Municipal Investment Grade (“MIG”) scale is used to rate US municipal bond anticipation notes of up to three years maturity. Municipal notes rated on the MIG scale may be secured by either pledged revenues or proceeds of a take-out financing received prior to note maturity. MIG ratings expire at the maturity of the obligation, and the issuer’s long-term rating is only one consideration in assigning the MIG rating. MIG ratings are divided into three levels — MIG 1 through MIG 3 — while speculative grade short-term obligations are designated SG.

 

MIG 1 This designation denotes superior credit quality. Excellent protection is afforded by established cash flows, highly reliable liquidity support, or demonstrated broad-based access to the market for refinancing.

 

MIG 2 This designation denotes strong credit quality. Margins of protection are ample, although not as large as in the preceding group.

 

MIG 3 This designation denotes acceptable credit quality. Liquidity and cash-flow protection may be narrow, and market access for refinancing is likely to be less well-established.

 

SGThis designation denotes speculative-grade credit quality. Debt instruments in this category may lack sufficient margins of protection.

 

Description of Moody’s Demand Obligation Ratings

 

In the case of variable rate demand obligations (“VRDOs”), a two-component rating is assigned: a long or short-term debt rating and a demand obligation rating. The first element represents Moody’s evaluation of risk associated with scheduled principal and interest payments. The second element represents Moody’s evaluation of risk associated with the ability to receive purchase price upon demand (“demand feature”). The second element uses a rating from a variation of the MIG scale called the Variable Municipal Investment Grade (“VMIG”) scale.

 

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VMIG 1This designation denotes superior credit quality. Excellent protection is afforded by the superior short-term credit strength of the liquidity provider and structural and legal protections that ensure the timely payment of purchase price upon demand.

 

VMIG2This designation denotes strong credit quality. Good protection is afforded by the strong short-term credit strength of the liquidity provider and structural and legal protections that ensure the timely payment of purchase price upon demand.

 

VMIG 3This designation denotes acceptable credit quality. Adequate protection is afforded by the satisfactory short-term credit strength of the liquidity provider and structural and legal protections that ensure the timely payment of purchase price upon demand.

 

SGThis designation denotes speculative-grade credit quality. Demand features rated in this category may be supported by a liquidity provider that does not have an investment grade short-term rating or may lack the structural and/or legal protections necessary to ensure the timely payment of purchase price upon demand.

 

Standard & Poor’s, a Division of S&P Global Inc. (“Standard & Poor’s”) Ratings

 

A Standard & Poor’s issue credit rating is a forward-looking opinion about the creditworthiness of an obligor with respect to a specific financial obligation, a specific class of financial obligations, or a specific financial program (including ratings on medium-term note programs and commercial paper programs). It takes into consideration the creditworthiness of guarantors, insurers, or other forms of credit enhancement on the obligation and takes into account the currency in which the obligation is denominated. The opinion reflects Standard & Poor’s view of the obligor’s capacity and willingness to meet its financial commitments as they come due, and may assess terms, such as collateral security and subordination, which could affect ultimate payment in the event of default.

 

Issue credit ratings can be either long-term or short-term. Short-term ratings are generally assigned to those obligations considered short-term in the relevant market. In the U.S., for example, that means obligations with an original maturity of no more than 365 days — including commercial paper. Short-term ratings are also used to indicate the creditworthiness of an obligor with respect to put features on long term obligations. Medium-term notes are assigned long-term ratings.

 

Issue credit ratings are based, in varying degrees, on Standard & Poor’s analysis of the following considerations:

 

Likelihood of payment — capacity and willingness of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on an obligation in accordance with the terms of the obligation;

 

Nature of and provisions of the obligation and the imputed promise;

 

Protection afforded by, and relative position of, the obligation in the event of bankruptcy, reorganization, or other arrangement under the laws of bankruptcy and other laws affecting creditors’ rights.

 

Long-Term Issue Credit Ratings*

 

AAAAn obligation rated ‘AAA’ has the highest rating assigned by Standard & Poor’s. The obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is extremely strong.

 

AAAn obligation rated ‘AA’ differs from the highest-rated obligations only to a small degree. The obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is very strong.

 

AAn obligation rated ‘A’ is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher-rated categories. However, the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is still strong.

 

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BBBAn obligation rated ‘BBB’ exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.

 

BB

B

CCC

CC

C

Obligations rated ‘BB’, ‘B’, ‘CCC’, ‘CC’, and ‘C’ are regarded as having significant speculative characteristics. ‘BB’ indicates the least degree of speculation and ‘C’ the highest. While such obligations will likely have some quality and protective characteristics, these may be outweighed by large uncertainties or major exposures to adverse conditions.

 

BBAn obligation rated ‘BB’ is less vulnerable to nonpayment than other speculative issues. However, it faces major ongoing uncertainties or exposure to adverse business, financial, or economic conditions, which could lead to the obligor’s inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.

 

BAn obligation rated ‘B’ is more vulnerable to nonpayment than obligations rated ‘BB’, but the obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. Adverse business, financial, or economic conditions will likely impair the obligor’s capacity or willingness to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.

 

CCCAn obligation rated ‘CCC’ is currently vulnerable to nonpayment, and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. In the event of adverse business, financial, or economic conditions, the obligor is not likely to have the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.

 

CCAn obligation rated ‘CC’ is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment. The ‘CC’ rating is used when a default has not yet occurred, but Standard & Poor’s expects default to be a virtual certainty, regardless of the anticipated time to default.

 

CAn obligation rated ‘C’ is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment, and the obligation is expected to have lower relative seniority or lower ultimate recovery compared to obligations that are rated higher.

 

DAn obligation rated ‘D’ is in default or in breach of an imputed promise. For non-hybrid capital instruments, the ‘D’ rating category is used when payments on an obligation are not made on the date due, unless Standard & Poor’s believes that such payments will be made within five business days in the absence of a stated grace period or within the earlier of the stated grace period or 30 calendar days. The ‘D’ rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of similar action and where default on an obligation is a virtual certainty, for example due to automatic stay provisions. An obligation’s rating is lowered to ‘D’ if it is subject to a distressed exchange offer.

 

NRThis indicates that no rating has been requested, or that there is insufficient information on which to base a rating, or that Standard & Poor’s does not rate a particular obligation as a matter of policy.

 

* The ratings from ‘AA’ to ‘CCC’ may be modified by the addition of a plus (+) or minus (-) sign to show relative standing within the major rating categories.

 

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Short-Term Issue Credit Ratings

 

A-1A short-term obligation rated ‘A-1’ is rated in the highest category by Standard & Poor’s. The obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is strong. Within this category, certain obligations are designated with a plus sign (+). This indicates that the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on these obligations is extremely strong.

 

A-2A short-term obligation rated ‘A-2’ is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher rating categories. However, the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is satisfactory.

 

A-3A short-term obligation rated ‘A-3’ exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.

 

BA short-term obligation rated ‘B’ is regarded as vulnerable and has significant speculative characteristics. The obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitments; however, it faces major ongoing uncertainties which could lead to the obligor’s inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitments.

 

CA short-term obligation rated ‘C’ is currently vulnerable to nonpayment and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.

 

DA short-term obligation rated ‘D’ is in default or in breach of an imputed promise. For non hybrid capital instruments, the ‘D’ rating category is used when payments on an obligation are not made on the date due, unless Standard & Poor’s believes that such payments will be made within any stated grace period. However, any stated grace period longer than five business days will be treated as five business days. The ‘D’ rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of a similar action and where default on an obligation is a virtual certainty, for example due to automatic stay provisions. An obligation’s rating is lowered to ‘D’ if it is subject to a distressed exchange offer.

 

Description of Standard & Poor’s Municipal Short-Term Note Ratings

 

A Standard & Poor’s U.S. municipal note rating reflects Standard & Poor’s opinion about the liquidity factors and market access risks unique to the notes. Notes due in three years or less will likely receive a note rating. Notes with an original maturity of more than three years will most likely receive a long-term debt rating. In determining which type of rating, if any, to assign, Standard & Poor’s analysis will review the following considerations:

 

Amortization schedule — the larger the final maturity relative to other maturities, the more likely it will be treated as a note; and

 

Source of payment — the more dependent the issue is on the market for its refinancing, the more likely it will be treated as a note.

 

Standard & Poor’s municipal short-term note rating symbols are as follows:

 

SP-1Strong capacity to pay principal and interest. An issue determined to possess a very strong capacity to pay debt service is given a plus (+) designation.

 

SP-2Satisfactory capacity to pay principal and interest, with some vulnerability to adverse financial and economic changes over the term of the notes.

 

SP-3Speculative capacity to pay principal and interest.

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Description of Fitch Ratings’ (“Fitch’s”) Credit Ratings Scales

 

Fitch’s credit ratings provide an opinion on the relative ability of an entity to meet financial commitments, such as interest, preferred dividends, repayment of principal, insurance claims or counterparty obligations. Credit ratings are used by investors as indications of the likelihood of receiving the money owed to them in accordance with the terms on which they invested.

 

The terms “investment grade” and “speculative grade” have established themselves over time as shorthand to describe the categories ‘AAA’ to ‘BBB’ (investment grade) and ‘BB’ to ‘D’ (speculative grade). The terms “investment grade” and “speculative grade” are market conventions, and do not imply any recommendation or endorsement of a specific security for investment purposes. “Investment grade” categories indicate relatively low to moderate credit risk, while ratings in the “speculative” categories either signal a higher level of credit risk or that a default has already occurred.

 

Fitch’s credit ratings do not directly address any risk other than credit risk. In particular, ratings do not deal with the risk of a market value loss on a rated security due to changes in interest rates, liquidity and other market considerations. However, in terms of payment obligation on the rated liability, market risk may be considered to the extent that it influences the ability of an issuer to pay upon a commitment. Ratings nonetheless do not reflect market risk to the extent that they influence the size or other conditionality of the obligation to pay upon a commitment (for example, in the case of index-linked bonds).

 

In the default components of ratings assigned to individual obligations or instruments, the agency typically rates to the likelihood of non-payment or default in accordance with the terms of that instrument’s documentation. In limited cases, Fitch may include additional considerations (i.e., rate to a higher or lower standard than that implied in the obligation’s documentation). In such cases, the agency will make clear the assumptions underlying the agency’s opinion in the accompanying rating commentary.

 

Description of Fitch’s Long-Term Corporate Finance Obligations Rating Scales

 

Fitch long-term obligations rating scales are as follows:

 

AAA Highest credit quality. ‘AAA’ ratings denote the lowest expectation of credit risk. They are assigned only in cases of exceptionally strong capacity for payment of financial commitments. This capacity is highly unlikely to be adversely affected by foreseeable events.
   
AA Very high credit quality. ‘AA’ ratings denote expectations of very low credit risk. They indicate very strong capacity for payment of financial commitments. This capacity is not significantly vulnerable to foreseeable events.
   
A High credit quality. ‘A’ ratings denote expectations of low credit risk. The capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered strong. This capacity may, nevertheless, be more vulnerable to adverse business or economic conditions than is the case for higher ratings.
   
BBB Good credit quality. ‘BBB’ ratings indicate that expectations of credit risk are currently low. The capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered adequate but adverse business or economic conditions are more likely to impair this capacity.
   
BB Speculative. ‘BB’ ratings indicate an elevated vulnerability to credit risk, particularly in the event of adverse changes in business or economic conditions over time; however, business or financial alternatives may be available to allow financial commitments to be met.
   
B Highly speculative. ‘B’ ratings indicate that material credit risk is present.
CCC ‘CCC’ ratings indicate that substantial credit risk is present.

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CC ‘CC’ ratings indicate very high levels of credit risk.

C ‘C’ ratings indicate exceptionally high levels of credit risk.

 

Defaulted obligations typically are not assigned ‘RD’ or ‘D’ ratings, but are instead rated in the ‘B’ to ‘C’ rating categories, depending upon their recovery prospects and other relevant characteristics. This approach better aligns obligations that have comparable overall expected loss but varying vulnerability to default and loss.

 

Note: The modifiers “+” or “–” may be appended to a rating to denote relative status within major rating categories. Such suffixes are not added to the ‘AAA’ obligation rating category, or to corporate finance obligation ratings in the categories below ‘CCC’.

 

Description of Fitch’s Short-Term Ratings

 

A short-term issuer or obligation rating is based in all cases on the short-term vulnerability to default of the rated entity or security stream and relates to the capacity to meet financial obligations in accordance with the documentation governing the relevant obligation. Short-Term Ratings are assigned to obligations whose initial maturity is viewed as “short term” based on market convention. Typically, this means up to 13 months for corporate, sovereign, and structured obligations and up to 36 months for obligations in U.S. public finance markets.

 

Fitch short-term ratings are as follows:

 

F1Highest short-term credit quality. Indicates the strongest intrinsic capacity for timely payment of financial commitments; may have an added “+” to denote any exceptionally strong credit feature.

 

F2Good short-term credit quality. Good intrinsic capacity for timely payment of financial commitments.

 

F3Fair short-term credit quality. The intrinsic capacity for timely payment of financial commitments is adequate.

 

BSpeculative short-term credit quality. Minimal capacity for timely payment of financial commitments, plus heightened vulnerability to near term adverse changes in financial and economic conditions.

 

CHigh short-term default risk. Default is a real possibility.

 

RDRestricted default. Indicates an entity that has defaulted on one or more of its financial commitments, although it continues to meet other financial obligations. Typically applicable to entity ratings only.

 

DDefault. Indicates a broad-based default event for an entity, or the default of a short-term obligation.

 

Kroll Bond Rating Agency

Kroll Bond Rating Agency (“KBRA”) assigns credit ratings to issuers and their obligations using the same rating scale. In either case, KBRA's credit ratings are intended to reflect both the probability of default and severity of loss in the event of default, with greater emphasis on probability of default at higher rating categories. For obligations, the determination of expected loss severity is, among other things, a function of the seniority of the claim. Generally speaking, issuer-level ratings assume a loss severity consistent with a senior unsecured claim. KBRA appends an (sf) indicator to ratings assigned to structured finance obligations.

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Long Term Credit Rating

 

  AAA Determined to have almost no risk of loss due to credit-related events. Assigned only to the very highest quality obligors and obligations able to survive extremely challenging economic events.
  AA Determined to have minimal risk of loss due to credit-related events. Such obligors and obligations are deemed very high quality.
  A Determined to be of high quality with a small risk of loss due to credit-related events. Issuers and obligations in this category are expected to weather difficult times with low credit losses.
  BBB Determined to be of medium quality with some risk of loss due to credit-related events. Such issuers and obligations may experience credit losses during stress environments.
  BB Determined to be of low quality with moderate risk of loss due to credit-related events. Such issuers and obligations have fundamental weaknesses that create moderate credit risk.
  B Determined to be of very low quality with high risk of loss due to credit-related events. These issuers and obligations contain many fundamental shortcomings that create significant credit risk.
  CCC Determined to be at substantial risk of loss due to credit-related events, or currently in default with high recovery expectations.
  CC Determined to be near default or in default with average recovery expectations.
  C Determined to be near default or in default with low recovery expectations.
  D KBRA defines default as occurring if:  
 
1.There is a missed interest or principal payment on a rated obligation which is unlikely to be recovered.
2.The rated entity files for protection from creditors, is placed into receivership or is closed by regulators such that a missed payment is likely to result.
3.The rated entity seeks and completes a distressed exchange, where existing rated obligations are replaced by new obligations with a diminished economic value.
Short Term Credit Rating
K1 Very strong ability to meet short-term obligations.
K2 Strong ability to meet short-term obligations.
K3 Adequate ability to meet short-term obligations.
B Questionable ability to meet short-term obligations.
C Little ability to meet short-term obligations.
D KBRA defines default as occurring if:
 
1.There is a missed interest or principal payment on a rated obligation which is unlikely to be recovered.
2.The rated entity files for protection from creditors, is placed into receivership or is closed by regulators such that a missed payment is likely to result.
3.The rated entity seeks and completes a distressed exchange, where existing rated obligations are replaced by new obligations with a diminished economic value.

KBRA may append - or + modifiers to ratings in categories AA through CCC to indicate, respectively, upper and lower risk levels within the broader category.

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Dominion Bond Rating Service (“DBRS”)

Commercial Paper and Short-Term Debt Rating Scale

 

The DBRS short-term debt rating scale provides an opinion on the risk that an issuer will not meet its short-term financial obligations in a timely manner. Ratings are based on quantitative and qualitative considerations relevant to the issuer and the relative ranking of claims. The R-1 and R-2 rating categories are further denoted by the subcategories “(high)”, “(middle)”, and “(low)”.

 

R-1 (high) Highest credit quality. The capacity for the payment of short-term financial obligations as they fall due is exceptionally high. Unlikely to be adversely affected by future events.
   
R-1 (middle) Superior credit quality. The capacity for the payment of short-term financial obligations as they fall due is very high. Differs from R-1 (high) by a relatively modest degree. Unlikely to be significantly vulnerable to future events.
   
R-1 (low) Good credit quality. The capacity for the payment of short-term financial obligations as they fall due is substantial. Overall strength is not as favorable as higher rating categories. May be vulnerable to future events, but qualifying negative factors are considered manageable.
   
R-2 (high) Upper end of adequate credit quality. The capacity for the payment of short-term financial obligations as they fall due is acceptable. May be vulnerable to future events.
   
R-2 (middle) Adequate credit quality. The capacity for the payment of short-term financial obligations as they fall due is acceptable. May be vulnerable to future events or may be exposed to other factors that could reduce credit quality.
   
R-2 (low) Lower end of adequate credit quality. The capacity for the payment of short-term financial obligations as they fall due is acceptable. May be vulnerable to future events. A number of challenges are present that could affect the issuer’s ability to meet such obligations.
   
R-3 Lowest end of adequate credit quality. There is a capacity for the payment of short-term financial obligations as they fall due. May be vulnerable to future events and the certainty of meeting such obligations could be impacted by a variety of developments.
   
R-4 Speculative credit quality. The capacity for the payment of short-term financial obligations as they fall due is uncertain.
   
R-5 Highly speculative credit quality. There is a high level of uncertainty as to the capacity to meet short-term financial obligations as they fall due.
   
D When the issuer has filed under any applicable bankruptcy, insolvency or winding up statute or there is a failure to satisfy an obligation after the exhaustion of grace periods, a downgrade to D may occur. DBRS may also use SD (Selective Default) in cases where only some securities are impacted, such as the case of a “distressed exchange”. See Default Definition for more information.

 

Long Term Obligations Scale

 

The DBRS long-term rating scale provides an opinion on the risk of default. That is, the risk that an issuer will fail to satisfy its financial obligations in accordance with the terms under which an obligations has been issued. Ratings are based on quantitative and qualitative considerations relevant to the issuer, and the relative ranking of claims. All rating categories other than AAA and D also contain subcategories "(high)" and "(low)". The absence of either a "(high)" or "(low)" designation indicates the rating is in the middle of the category.

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AAAHighest credit quality. The capacity for the payment of financial obligations is exceptionally high and unlikely to be adversely affected by future events.

 

AASuperior credit quality. The capacity for the payment of financial obligations is considered high. Credit quality differs from AAA only to a small degree. Unlikely to be significantly vulnerable to future events.

 

AGood credit quality. The capacity for the payment of financial obligations is substantial, but of lesser credit quality than AA. May be vulnerable to future events, but qualifying negative factors are considered manageable.

 

BBBAdequate credit quality. The capacity for the payment of financial obligations is considered acceptable. May be vulnerable to future events.

 

BBSpeculative, non-investment grade credit quality. The capacity for the payment of financial obligations is uncertain. Vulnerable to future events.

 

BHighly speculative credit quality. There is a high level of uncertainty as to the capacity to meet financial obligations.

 

CCC / CC / C Very highly speculative credit quality. In danger of defaulting on financial obligations. There is little difference between these three categories, although CC and C ratings are normally applied to obligations that are seen as highly likely to default, or subordinated to obligations rated in the CCC to B range. Obligations in respect of which default has not technically taken place but is considered inevitable may be rated in the C category.

 

DWhen the issuer has filed under any applicable bankruptcy, insolvency or winding up statute or there is a failure to satisfy an obligation after the exhaustion of grace periods, a downgrade to D may occur. DBRS may also use SD (Selective Default) in cases where only some securities are impacted, such as the case of a “distressed exchange”. See Default Definition for more information.

 

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APPENDIX 2 – LISTING OF SERVICE PROVIDERS AND VENDORS

The following is a list of persons/organizations other than the Investment Adviser and its affiliates that may receive nonpublic portfolio holdings information concerning the Fund:

Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

Deloitte & Touche LLP

Legal Counsel

Morgan Lewis & Bockius LLP

Distributor and Transfer Agent

ALPS Distributors, Inc.

ALPS Fund Services, Inc.

Security Pricing Services

Interactive Data Corp.

Markit

Reuters, Inc.

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Part C: Other Information

BBH TRUST

Item 28.Exhibits 
(a) (1)      Conformed copy of the Certificate of Trust of BBH Trust (the “Registrant” or the “Trust”), dated October 28, 2005. (1)
(a)    (2)      Conformed copy of the Agreement and Declaration of Trust of the Registrant, dated October 28, 2005. (1)
(a)    (3)      Conformed copy of the Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust of the Registrant, dated December 8, 2006. (2)
(a)    (4)      Conformed copy of the Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust of the Registrant, dated June 9, 2016. (17)
(b)        Copy of the By-Laws of the Registrant, dated October 28, 2005. (1)
(c)        Not applicable.  
(d)    (1)      Conformed copy of the Amended and Restated Investment Advisory and Administrative Services Agreement between Brown Brothers Harriman & Co. (“BBH&Co.”) and the Registrant, dated June 14, 2018. (21)
(d) (2)   Annual Fee Schedule, as amended December 9, 2019, to the Amended and Restated Investment Advisory and Administrative Services Agreement between BBH&Co. and the Registrant, dated June 14, 2018. (25)
(d) (3)   Conformed copy of the Sub-Advisory Agreement between BBH&Co. and Select Equity Group, L.P. (“Select Equity”), dated December 19, 2016. (18)
(d) (4)   Conformed copy of Amendment No. 1, dated February 23, 2017, to the Sub-Advisory Agreement between BBH&Co. and Select Equity, dated December 19, 2016. (20)
(e)    (1)   Conformed copy of the Distribution Agreement between ALPS Distributors, Inc. and the Registrant, dated April 16, 2018. (21)
(e) (2)   Conformed copy of Amendment No. 1, dated June 27, 2018, to the Distribution Agreement between ALPS Distributors, Inc. and the Registrant, dated April 16, 2018. (22)
(e) (3)   Conformed copy of Amendment No. 2, dated September 4, 2019, to the Distribution Agreement between ALPS Distributors, Inc., and the Registrant, dated April 16, 2018. (24)
(e) (4)   Conformed copy of Amendment No. 3, dated December 9, 2019, to the Distribution Agreement between ALPS Distributors, Inc. and the Registrant, dated April 16, 2018. (25)
(e) (5)   Conformed copy of Amendment No. 4, dated December 10, 2019, to the Distribution Agreement between ALPS Distributors, Inc. and the Registrant, dated April 16, 2018. (25)
(e) (6)   Conformed copy of the Distribution Agreement between ALPS Distributors, Inc. and the Registrant, dated November 1, 2011. (10)
(e) (7)   Conformed copy of Amendment No. 2, dated March 1, 2013, to the Distribution Agreement between ALPS Distributors, Inc. and the Registrant, (13)

C-1 

 

      dated November 1, 2011.  
(e) (8)   Conformed copy of Amendment No. 3, dated March 31, 2014, to the Distribution Agreement between ALPS Distributors, Inc. and the Registrant, dated November 1, 2011. (15)
(e) (9)   Conformed copy of Amendment No. 4, dated May 28, 2015, to the Distribution Agreement between ALPS Distributors, Inc. and the Registrant, dated November 1, 2011. (16)
(e) (10)   Conformed copy of Amendment No. 5, dated April 1, 2016, to the Distribution Agreement between ALPS Distributors, Inc. and the Registrant, dated November 1, 2011. (17)
(f)     Not applicable.  
(g)    (1)   Conformed copy of the Custodian Agreement between BBH&Co. and the Registrant, dated February 1, 2007. (3)
(g) (2)   Conformed copy of the First Amendment, dated September 11, 2012, to the Custodian Agreement between BBH&Co. and the Registrant, dated February 1, 2007. (11)
(h)    (1)      Conformed copy of the Accounting Agency Agreement between BBH&Co. and the Registrant, dated February 1, 2007. (3)
(h) (2)   Appendix A, as amended September 10, 2014, to the Accounting Agency Agreement between BBH&Co. and the Registrant, dated February 1, 2007. (15)
(h)    (3)      Conformed copy of the Transfer Agency and Services Agreement between ALPS Fund Services Inc. and the Registrant, dated October 5, 2009. (5)
(h) (4)   Appendix A, as amended June 14, 2018, to the Transfer Agency and Services Agreement between ALPS Fund Services, Inc. and the Registrant, dated October 5, 2009. (21)
(h)    (5)      Conformed copy of the Amended and Restated Shareholder Servicing Agreement between BBH&Co. and the Registrant, dated December 10, 2018. (23)
(h) (6)   Schedule A, as amended September 9, 2019, to the Amended and Restated Shareholder Servicing Agreement between BBH&Co. and the Registrant, dated December 9, 2019. (25)
(h) (7)   Conformed copy of the Expense Limitation Agreement between BBH&Co. and the Registrant, dated July 14, 2010. (13)
(h) (8)   Schedule A, as amended December 9, 2019, to the Expense Limitation Agreement between BBH&Co. and the Registrant, dated July 14, 2010. (25)
(i)     Conformed copy of the Opinion and Consent of Counsel, Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP, dated February 28, 2020. (23)
(j)        Conformed copy of the Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, Deloitte & Touche LLP. (25)
(k)        Audited Financial Statements, as of December 31, 2012, for BBH Global Funds, LLC, on behalf of Global Core Select, the predecessor fund to BBH Global Core Select. (13)
(l)        Conformed copy of the Initial Capital of Understanding, dated March 16, 2007. (3)

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(m)    (1)   Rule 12b-1 Plan of the Registrant, dated June 23, 2010. (6)
(m) (2)   Schedule A, dated December 9, 2019, to the Rule 12b-1 Plan of the Registrant, dated June 23, 2010. (25)
(n) (1)   Registrant’s Amended and Restated Multiple Class Plan Pursuant to Rule 18f-3, dated June 23, 2010. (6)
(n) (2)   Appendix A, as last amended September 4, 2019, to the Registrant’s Amended and Restated Multiple Class Plan Pursuant to Rule 18f-3, dated June 23, 2010. (24)
(o)     Reserved.  

(p)   

 

(1)      Code of Ethics for the Registrant, dated June 2013. (14)

(p) 

 

(2)      Code of Ethics for BBH&Co., dated October 19, 2012. (12)

(p) 

 

(3)      Code of Ethics for Select Equity. (19)

(p) 

 

(4)      Code of Ethics for ALPS Distributors, Inc., dated July 1, 2010. (7)
(q)    (1)   Conformed copies of Powers of Attorney of the Trustees of the Registrant, dated December 11, 2006. (2)
(q) (2)   Conformed copies of Powers of Attorney of the Officers of the Registrant, dated December 11, 2006. (2)
(q) (3)   Conformed copy of Power of Attorney of the President of the Registrant, dated March 10, 2008. (4)
(q) (4)   Conformed copy of Power of Attorney of a Trustee of the Registrant, dated July 20, 2010. (6)
(q) (5)   Conformed copy of Power of Attorney of a Trustee of the Registrant, dated April 1, 2011. (8)
(q) (6)   Conformed copy of Power of Attorney of a Trustee of the Registrant, dated June 29, 2011. (8)
(q) (7)   Conformed copy of Power of Attorney of a Trustee of the Registrant, dated December 7, 2011. (9)
(q) (8)   Conformed copy of Power of Attorney of a Trustee of the Registrant, dated October 27, 2014. (15)
(q) (9)   Conformed copy of Power of Attorney of a Trustee of the Registrant, dated September 4, 2019. (24)

____________________________________

(1)Response is incorporated by reference to Registrant’s initial Registration Statement, filed on October 31, 2005.
(2)Response is incorporated by reference to Registrant's Pre-Effective Amendment No. 2, filed on January 18, 2007.

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(3)Response is incorporated by reference to Registrant's Pre-Effective Amendment No. 3, filed on March 19, 2007.
(4)Response is incorporated by reference to Registrant's Post-Effective Amendment No. 3, filed on October 28, 2008.
(5)Response is incorporated by reference to Registrant's Post-Effective Amendment No. 8, filed on February 26, 2010.
(6)Response is incorporated by reference to Registrant's Post-Effective Amendment No. 9, filed on July 20, 2010.
(7)Response is incorporated by reference to Registrant's Post-Effective Amendment No. 15, filed on October 28, 2010.
(8)Response is incorporated by reference to Registrant's Post-Effective Amendment No. 18, filed on July 28, 2011.
(9)Response is incorporated by reference to Registrant's Post-Effective Amendment No. 21, filed on December 22, 2011.
(10)Response is incorporated by reference to Registrant's Post-Effective Amendment No. 22, filed on February 28, 2012.
(11)Response is incorporated by reference to Registrant's Post-Effective Amendment No. 25, filed on October 29, 2012.
(12)Response is incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 30, filed on February 28, 2013.

 

(13)Response is incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 33, filed on March 28, 2013.

 

(14)Response is incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 35, filed on October 29, 2013.

 

(15)Response is incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 44, filed on October 28, 2014.

 

(16)Response is incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 49, filed on March 2, 2015.

 

(17)Response is incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 62, filed on August 24, 2016.

 

(18)Response is incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 63, filed on October 28, 2016.

 

(19)Response is incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 65, filed on December 22, 2016.

 

(20)Response is incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 66, filed on February 24, 2017.

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(21)Response is incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 75, filed on June 25, 2018.

 

(22)Response is incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 77, filed on October 29, 2018.

 

(23)Response is incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 79, filed on February 28, 2019.

 

(24)Response is incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 82, filed on September 9, 2019.

 

(25)Response is incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 86, filed on February 28, 2020.

 

 

Item 29.Persons Controlled or Under Common Control with the Fund

None. 

 

Item 30.Indemnification

Subject to Section 4 of the Registrant’s Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust, the Trust shall indemnify (from the assets of one or more Series to which the conduct in question relates) each of its Trustees, officers, employees and agents (including Persons who serve at the Trust's request as directors, officers or trustees of another organization in which the Trust has any interest as a shareholder, creditor or otherwise (hereinafter, together with such Person's heirs, executors, administrators or personal representatives, referred to as a "Covered Person")) against all liabilities, including but not limited to amounts paid in satisfaction of judgments, in compromise or as fines and penalties, and expenses, including reasonable accountants’ and counsel fees, incurred by any Covered Person in connection with the defense or disposition of any action, suit or other proceeding, whether civil or criminal, before any court or administrative or legislative body, in which such Covered Person may be or may have been involved as a party or otherwise or with which such Covered Person may be or may have been threatened, while in office or thereafter, by reason of being or having been such a Trustee or officer, director or trustee, except with respect to any matter as to which it has been determined that such Covered Person (i) did not act in good faith in the reasonable belief that such Covered Person’s action was in or not opposed to the best interests of the Trust; or (ii) had acted with willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of such Covered Person’s office; and (iii) for a criminal proceeding, had reasonable cause to believe that his or her conduct was unlawful (the conduct described in (i), (ii) and (iii) being referred to hereafter as “Disabling Conduct”). A determination that the Covered Person is entitled to indemnification may be made by (i) a final decision on the merits by a court or other body before whom the proceeding was brought that the Covered Person to be indemnified was not liable by reason of Disabling Conduct, (ii) dismissal of a court action or an administrative proceeding against a Covered Person for insufficiency of evidence of Disabling Conduct, or (iii) a reasonable determination, based upon a review of the facts, that the indemnitee was not liable by reason of Disabling Conduct by (a) a vote of a majority of a quorum of the Trustees who are neither Interested Persons of the Trust nor parties to the proceeding (the “Disinterested Trustees”), or (b) an independent legal counsel in a written opinion. Expenses, including accountants' and counsel fees so incurred by any such Covered Person (but excluding amounts paid in satisfaction of judgments, in compromise or as fines or penalties),

C-5 

 

may be paid from time to time by one or more Series to which the conduct in question related in advance of the final disposition of any such action, suit or proceeding; provided that the Covered Person shall have undertaken to repay the amounts so paid to such Series if it is ultimately determined that indemnification of such expenses is not authorized under this Article VII and (i) the Covered Person shall have provided security for such undertaking, (ii) the Trust shall be insured against losses arising by reason of any lawful advances, or (iii) a majority of a quorum of the Disinterested Trustees, or an independent legal counsel in a written opinion, shall have determined, based on a review of readily available facts (as opposed to a full trial type inquiry), that there is reason to believe that the Covered Person ultimately will be found entitled to indemnification. 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, with respect to any action, suit or other proceeding voluntarily prosecuted by any Covered Person as plaintiff, indemnification shall be mandatory only if the prosecution of such action, suit or other proceeding by such indemnitee (1) was authorized by a majority of the Trustees or (2) was instituted by the indemnitee to enforce his or her rights to indemnification hereunder in a case in which the indemnitee is found to be entitled to such indemnification. The rights to indemnification set forth in this Declaration shall continue as to a person who has ceased to be a Trustee or officer of the Trust and shall inure to the benefit of his or her heirs, executors and personal and legal representatives. No amendment or restatement of this Declaration or repeal of any of its provisions shall limit or eliminate any of the benefits provided to any person who at any time is or was a Trustee or officer of the Trust or otherwise entitled to indemnification hereunder in respect of any act or omission that occurred prior to such amendment, restatement or repeal. In making any determination regarding any person's entitlement of indemnification hereunder, it shall be presumed that such person is entitled to indemnification, and the Trust shall have the burden of proving the contrary. 

Insofar as indemnification liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 (the “1933 Act”), may be permitted to trustees, directors, officers and controlling persons of the Registrant by the Registrant pursuant to the Agreement and Declaration of Trust or otherwise, the Registrant is aware that in the opinion of the SEC, such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the 1933 Act and, therefore, is unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by trustees, directors, officers or controlling persons of the Registrant in connection with the successful defense of any act, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such trustees, directors, officers or controlling persons in connection with the shares being registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the 1933 Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issues. 

 

Item 31. Business and Other Connections of the Investment Adviser

(a)Investment Adviser – Brown Brothers Harriman & Co. through a separately identifiable department

Brown Brothers Harriman & Co., a New York limited partnership, located at 140 Broadway, New York, NY 10005 and established in 1818, serves as the investment adviser to each of the Registrant’s series through a separately identifiable department (the “SID”). The SID is registered with the SEC under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (the “Advisers Act”).

For the fiscal years ended October 31, 2018 and 2019, no director, officer or partner of the BBH&Co. is or has been engaged in any other business, profession, vocation or employment of a substantial nature for his or her own account or in the capacity of director, officer, employee, partner or trustee.

 

C-6 

 

(b)Sub-Adviser – Select Equity Group, L.P.

Select Equity Group L.P. serves as investment sub-adviser to the BBH Partner Fund - International Equity. Select Equity is located at 380 Lafayette Street, New York, NY 10003.

The list required by this Item 31 of officers and directors of Select Equity, together with information as to any other business, profession, vocation or employment of a substantial nature engaged in by such officers and directors during the past two fiscal years, is incorporated by reference to Schedules A and D of Form ADV filed by Select Equity pursuant to the Advisers Act (SEC File No. 801-78977).

Item 32. Principal Underwriters.

(a)ALPS Distributors, Inc. acts as the distributor for the Registrant and the following investment companies: 1WS Credit Income Fund, 1290 Funds, Aberdeen Standard Investments ETFs, ALPS Series Trust, The Arbitrage Funds, AQR Funds, Axonic Alternative Income Fund, Axonic Funds, Barings Funds Trust, BBH Trust, Bluerock Total Income+ Real Estate Fund, Brandes Investment Trust, Bridge Builder Trust, Broadstone Real Estate Access Fund, Brown Advisory Funds, Brown Capital Management Mutual Funds, Cambria ETF Trust, CC Real Estate Income Fund, Centre Funds, CIM Real Assets & Credit Fund, CION Ares Diversified Credit Fund, Columbia ETF Trust, Columbia ETF Trust I, Columbia ETF Trust II, CRM Mutual Fund Trust, Cullen Funds Trust, DBX ETF Trust, ETF Series Solutions, Flat Rock Opportunity Fund, Financial Investors Trust, Firsthand Funds, FS Credit Income Fund, FS Energy Total Return Fund, FS Series Trust, FS Multi-Alternative Income Fund, Goehring & Rozencwajg Investment Funds, Goldman Sachs ETF Trust, Griffin Institutional Access Credit Fund, Griffin Institutional Access Real Estate Fund, Hartford Funds Exchange-Traded Trust, Hartford Funds NextShares Trust, Heartland Group, Inc., Holland Series Fund, Inc., IndexIQ Active ETF Trust, Index IQ ETF Trust, Infusive US Trust, James Advantage Funds, Janus Detroit Street Trust, Lattice Strategies Trust, Litman Gregory Funds Trust, Longleaf Partners Funds Trust, M3Sixty Funds Trust, Mairs & Power Funds Trust, Meridian Fund, Inc., Natixis ETF Trust, Pax World Series Trust I, Pax World Funds Trust III, PRIMECAP Odyssey Funds, Principal Exchange-Traded Funds, Reality Shares ETF Trust, Resource Credit Income Fund, RiverNorth Funds, Sierra Total Return Fund, SPDR Dow Jones Industrial Average ETF Trust, SPDR S&P 500 ETF Trust, SPDR S&P MidCap 400 ETF Trust, Sprott Funds Trust, Stadion Investment Trust, Stone Harbor Investment Funds, Stone Ridge Trust, Stone Ridge Trust II, Stone Ridge Trust III, Stone Ridge Trust IV, Stone Ridge Trust V, USCF ETF Trust, Wasatch Funds, WesMark Funds, Wilmington Funds, XAI Octagon Credit Trust, X-Square Balanced Fund and YieldStreet Prism Fund.

 

(b)To the best of Registrant’s knowledge, the directors and executive officers of ALPS Distributors, Inc., are as follows:

 

Name* Position with Underwriter Positions with Fund
Bradley J. Swenson President, Chief Operating Officer, Director None

C-7 

 

Robert J. Szydlowski Senior Vice President, Chief Technology Officer None
Eric T. Parsons Vice President, Controller and Assistant Treasurer None
Joseph J. Frank** Secretary None
Patrick J. Pedonti ** Vice President, Treasurer and Assistant Secretary None
Richard C. Noyes Senior Vice President, General Counsel, Assistant Secretary None
Liza Orr Vice President, Senior Counsel None
Jed Stahl Vice President, Senior Counsel None
James Stegall Vice President None
Gary Ross Senior Vice President None
Kevin Ireland Senior Vice President None
Stephen J. Kyllo Vice President, Chief Compliance Officer None
Hilary Quinn Vice President None
Jennifer Craig Assistant Vice President None

 

 

* Except as otherwise noted, the principal business address for each of the above directors and executive officers is 1290 Broadway, Suite 1100, Denver, Colorado 80203.

** The principal business address for Messrs. Pedonti and Frank is 333 W. 11th Street, 5th Floor, Kansas City, Missouri 64105.

 

 

Item 33.Location of Accounts and Records

 

All accounts and records required to be maintained by Section 31(a) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, and Rules 31a-1 through 31a-3 promulgated thereunder are maintained at one of the following locations: 

 

Brown Brothers Harriman & Co.  

50 Post Office Square

Boston, MA 02110

 

Brown Brothers Harriman & Co.  

140 Broadway

New York, NY 10005

 

Select Equity Group, L.P. (for BBH Partner
Fund - International Equity only)
 

380 Lafayette Street

New York, NY 10003

C-8 

 

 

ALPS Distributors Inc.

 

 

1290 Broadway, Suite 1100,

Denver, CO 80203

 

ALPS Funds Services, Inc.  

1290 Broadway, Suite 1100,

Denver, CO 80203

 

Item 34.Management Services

 

Other than as set forth under the caption “Investment Adviser and Fund Administrator” in the Prospectus constituting Part A of this Registration Statement, Registrant is not a party to any management-related service contract. 

 

Item 35.Undertakings

 

Not applicable. 

C-9 

 

Signatures

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended and the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, the Registrant has duly caused this post-effective amendment No. 88 to the registration statement on Form N-1A to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, duly authorized, in the City of New York, New York on the 8th day of October, 2020.

 

  BBH TRUST  
 

 

By:

/s/ Jean-Pierre Paquin  
    Jean-Pierre Paquin, President (Principal Executive Officer)  

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this Amendment to the Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities and on the date indicated.

Name   Title Date
 
/s/ Jean-Pierre Paquin   President (Principal Executive Officer) October 8, 2020
Jean-Pierre Paquin      
 
    Trustee October 8, 2020
H. Whitney Wagner*      
 
    Trustee October 8, 2020
Andrew S. Frazier*      
 
    Trustee October 8, 2020
Mark M. Collins*      
 
    Trustee October 8, 2020
John M. Tesoro*      
       
    Trustee October 8, 2020
Joan A. Binstock*      
       
    Trustee October 8, 2020
Susan C. Livingston*      
 
       
    Trustee October 8, 2020
John A. Gehret*      
       
/s/ Charles H. Schreiber   Treasurer (Principal Financial Officer) October 8, 2020
Charles H. Schreiber      
       
/s/ Suzan M. Barron   Secretary October 8, 2020
By: Suzan M. Barron, Attorney in Fact      
*Signed by Suzan M. Barron pursuant to powers of attorney previously filed.

 

C-10