4.	INTANGIBLE ASSETS AND GOODWILL

The changes in intangible assets for fiscal 2019 and the net book value of intangible assets as of August 31, 2018 and May 31, 2018 were as follows:

	Intangible Assets, Gross							Accumulated Amortization									Intangible Assets, Net
(Dollars in millions)	May 31, 2018		Additions & Adjustments, net⁽¹⁾			August 31, 2018		May 31, 2018			Expense			August 31, 2018			May 31, 2018		August 31, 2018
Developed technology	$	5,309	$	91		$	5,400	$	(2,814	)	$	(212	)	$	(3,026	)	$	2,495	$	2,374
Cloud services and license support agreements and related relationships		5,999		(29	)		5,970		(2,285	)		(192	)		(2,477	)		3,714		3,493
Other		1,622		(3	)		1,619		(1,161	)		(30	)		(1,191	)		461		428
Total intangible assets, net	$	12,930	$	59		$	12,989	$	(6,260	)	$	(434	)	$	(6,694	)	$	6,670	$	6,295

⁽¹⁾	Amounts also include any changes in intangible asset balances for the periods presented that resulted from foreign currency translations.

Total amortization expense related to our intangible assets was $434 million and $411 million for the three months ended August 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. As of August 31, 2018, estimated future amortization expenses related to intangible assets were as follows (in millions):

Remainder of fiscal 2019	$	1,190
Fiscal 2020		1,419
Fiscal 2021		1,198
Fiscal 2022		982
Fiscal 2023		629
Fiscal 2024		388
Thereafter		489
Total intangible assets, net	$	6,295

The changes in the carrying amounts of goodwill, net, which is generally not deductible for tax purposes, for our operating segments for the three months ended August 31, 2018 were as follows:

(in millions)	Cloud and License			Hardware		Services			Total Goodwill, net
Balances as of May 31, 2018	$	39,600		$	2,367	$	1,788		$	43,755
Goodwill adjustments, net⁽¹⁾		(47	)		—		(6	)		(53	)
Balances as of August 31, 2018	$	39,553		$	2,367	$	1,782		$	43,702

⁽¹⁾

Pursuant to our business combinations accounting policy, we recorded goodwill adjustments for the effects on goodwill of changes to net assets acquired during the period that such a change is identified, provided that any such change is within the measurement period (up to one year from the date of the acquisition). Amounts also include any changes in goodwill balances for the period presented that resulted from foreign currency translations.