10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

 (Mark One)

√	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
	For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2019

OR

☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
	For the transition period from __________ to ___________
	Commission file number: 0-52577

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

Delaware	20-3340900
(State or Other Jurisdiction of	(IRS Employer Identification No.)
Incorporation or Organization)
8235 Forsyth Blvd., Suite 400, St Louis, Missouri	63105
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)	(Zip Code)

  (314) 854-8352 

(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock	FF	NYSE

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes √ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes √ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company”, and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one): 

Large accelerated filer   ☐	Accelerated filer	√
Non-accelerated filer  ☐	Smaller reporting company	☐
(do not check if a smaller reporting company)	Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No √

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of November 8, 2019: 43,743,243  

PART I FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements.

FutureFuel Corp.

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(Dollars in thousands)

	(Unaudited)
	September 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	235,945	$	214,972
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for bad debts of $0		20,820		16,294
Accounts receivable – related parties		22		1,844
Inventory		42,789		39,296
Income tax receivable		367		6,858
Prepaid expenses		510		1,767
Prepaid expenses – related parties		12		12
Marketable securities		75,583		79,888
Deferred financing costs		72		144
Other current assets		870		1,255
Total current assets		376,990		362,330
Property, plant and equipment, net		100,320		103,575
Intangible assets		1,408		1,408
Deferred financing costs		-		36
Other noncurrent assets		5,548		3,806
Total noncurrent assets		107,276		108,825
Total Assets	$	484,266	$	471,155
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Accounts payable	$	25,632	$	19,981
Accounts payable – related parties		972		1,689
Deferred revenue – short-term		5,232		4,581
Dividends payable		2,625		10,498
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		5,227		2,742
Total current liabilities		39,688		39,491
Deferred revenue – long-term		19,394		20,319
Noncurrent deferred income tax liability		17,813		18,026
Other noncurrent liabilities		2,244		4,241
Total noncurrent liabilities		39,451		42,586
Total liabilities		79,139		82,077
Commitments and contingencies
Preferred stock, $0.0001 par value, 5,000,000 shares authorized, none issued and outstanding		-		-
Common stock, $0.0001 par value, 75,000,000 shares authorized, 43,743,243, issued and outstanding at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018		4		4
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)		200		(20	)
Additional paid in capital		282,166		282,145
Retained earnings		122,757		106,949
Total stockholders’ equity		405,127		389,078
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity	$	484,266	$	471,155

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

1

 FutureFuel Corp.

Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income

(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
Revenue	$	65,332		$	80,588		$	182,830		$	223,184
Revenue – related parties		352			834			2,219			2,321
Cost of goods sold		54,037			61,559			155,603			146,916
Cost of goods sold – related parties		4,455			5,651			12,314			15,682
Distribution		1,687			1,512			5,006			4,329
Distribution – related parties		43			47			132			147
Gross profit		5,462			12,653			11,994			58,431
Selling, general, and administrative expenses
Compensation expense		661			933			1,996			3,054
Other expense		561			476			1,609			1,482
Related party expense		132			138			391			416
Research and development expenses		833			877			2,327			2,843
Total operating expenses		2,187			2,424			6,323			7,795
Income from operations		3,275			10,229			5,671			50,636
Interest and dividend income		2,718			2,543			7,830			6,688
Interest expense		(43	)		(43	)		(130	)		(129	)
Gain (loss) on marketable securities		1,424			815			5,177			(3,273	)
Other income (expense)		262			(87	)		149			(264	)
Other income		4,361			3,228			13,026			3,022
Income before taxes		7,636			13,457			18,697			53,658
Income tax provision		1,014			4,012			2,889			2,336
Net income	$	6,622		$	9,445		$	15,808		$	51,322
Earnings per common share
Basic	$	0.15		$	0.22		$	0.36		$	1.17
Diluted	$	0.15		$	0.22		$	0.36		$	1.17
Weighted average shares outstanding
Basic		43,743,243			43,724,195			43,743,243			43,719,215
Diluted		43,743,243			43,732,920			43,745,153			43,725,370
Comprehensive income
Net income	$	6,622		$	9,445		$	15,808		$	51,322
Other comprehensive income (loss) from unrealized net gains (losses) on available-for-sale debt securities		1			(27	)		279			(46	)
Income tax effect		-			6			(59	)		10
Total unrealized gains (losses), net of tax		1			(21	)		220			(36	)
Comprehensive income	$	6,623		$	9,424		$	16,028		$	51,286

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

2

FutureFuel Corp.

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity

(Dollars in thousands)

(Unaudited)

	For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019
					Accumulated
					Other			Additional				Total
	Common Stock				Comprehensive			paid-in		Retained		Stockholders’
	Shares		Amount		Income			Capital		Earnings		Equity
Balance - December 31, 2018		43,743,243	$	4	$	(20	)	$	282,145	$	106,949	$	389,078
Other comprehensive income		-		-		202			-		-		202
Net income		-		-		-			-		5,499		5,499
Balance - March 31, 2019		43,743,243	$	4	$	182		$	282,145	$	112,448	$	394,779
Other comprehensive income		-		-		17			-		-		17
Net income		-		-		-			-		3,687		3,687
Balance - June 30, 2019		43,743,243	$	4	$	199		$	282,145	$	116,135	$	398,483
Stock based compensation, net of tax		-		-		-			21		-		21
Other comprehensive income		-		-		1			-		-		1
Net income		-		-		-			-		6,622		6,622
Balance - September 30, 2019		43,743,243	$	4	$	200		$	282,166	$	122,757	$	405,127

	For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018
					Accumulated
					Other			Additional					Total
	Common Stock				Comprehensive			paid-in			Retained		Stockholders’
	Shares		Amount		Income			Capital			Earnings		Equity
Balance - December 31, 2017 - As previously reported		43,741,670	$	4	$	8,433		$	281,964		$	61,195	$	351,596
Prior period adjustment: Change in accounting principles		-		-		(8,273	)		-			3,094		(5,179	)
Balance - January 1, 2018 - As adjusted		43,741,670	$	4	$	160		$	281,964		$	64,289	$	346,417
Stock based compensation, net of tax		-		-		-			107			-		107
Other comprehensive loss		-		-		(58	)		-			-		(58	)
Net income		-		-		-			-			35,826		35,826
Balance - March 31, 2018		43,741,670	$	4	$	102		$	282,071		$	100,115	$	382,292
Stock based compensation, net of tax		1,007		-		-			107			-		107
Other comprehensive income		-		-		43			-			-		43
Net income		-		-		-			-			6,051		6,051
Balance - June 30, 2018		43,742,677	$	4	$	145		$	282,178		$	106,166	$	388,493
Stock based compensation, net of tax		566		-		-			(69	)		-		(69	)
Other comprehensive loss		-		-		(21	)		-			-		(21	)
Net income		-		-		-			-			9,445		9,445
Balance - September 30, 2018		43,743,243	$	4	$	124		$	282,109		$	115,611	$	397,848

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

3

FutureFuel Corp.

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Dollars in thousands)

(Unaudited)

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2019			2018
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income	$	15,808		$	51,322
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash from operating activities:
Depreciation		9,092			8,502
Amortization of deferred financing costs		108			108
Benefit for deferred income taxes		(273	)		(3,609	)
Change in fair value of equity securities		(6,621	)		5,597
Change in fair value of derivative instruments		(357	)		(2,290	)
Loss (gain) on the sale of investments		1,444			(2,324	)
Stock based compensation		21			321
(Gain) loss on disposal of property and equipment		(11	)		41
Noncash interest expense		22			22
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable		(4,526	)		3,031
Accounts receivable – related parties		1,822			(2,382	)
Inventory		(3,493	)		(4,251	)
Income tax receivable		6,491			6,458
Prepaid expenses		1,257			1,190
Other assets		221			(247	)
Accounts payable		5,951			13,018
Accounts payable – related parties		(717	)		1,949
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		1,904			5,385
Deferred revenue		(274	)		(2,672	)
Other noncurrent liabilities		(3,511	)		-
Net cash provided by operating activities		24,358			79,169
Cash flows from investing activities
Collateralization of derivative instruments		852			2,384
Purchase of marketable securities		(19,200	)		(19,664	)
Proceeds from the sale of marketable securities		28,962			33,942
Proceeds from the sale of property and equipment		13			22
Capital expenditures		(6,139	)		(3,084	)
Net cash provided by investing activities		4,488			13,600
Cash flows from financing activities
Minimum tax withholding on stock options exercised and awards vested		-			(176	)
Payment of dividends		(7,873	)		(7,872	)
Net cash used in financing activities		(7,873	)		(8,048	)
Net change in cash and cash equivalents		20,973			84,721
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period		214,972			114,627
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	235,945		$	199,348
Cash paid for interest	$	-		$	-
Cash paid for income taxes	$	1,076		$	1,506
Noncash investing and financing activities:
Noncash capital expenditures	$	42		$	-
Noncash operating leases	$	432		$	-

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

4

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of FutureFuel Corp.

(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

1 ) NATURE OF OPERATIONS AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION

Organization

FutureFuel Corp. (“FutureFuel” or “the Company”), through its wholly-owned subsidiary, FutureFuel Chemical Company (“FutureFuel Chemical”), owns and operates a chemical production facility located on approximately 2,200 acres of land six miles southeast of Batesville in north central Arkansas fronting the White River (the “Batesville Plant”). FutureFuel Chemical manufactures diversified chemical products, biobased products comprised of biofuels, and biobased specialty chemical products. FutureFuel Chemical’s operations are reported in two segments: chemicals and biofuels.

The chemical segment manufactures a diversified portfolio of chemical products that are sold to third party customers. The majority of the revenues from the chemical segment are derived from the custom manufacturing of specialty chemicals for specific customers.

The biofuels segment primarily produces and sells biodiesel. FutureFuel Chemical also sells petrodiesel in blends with the Company’s biodiesel and, from time to time, with no biodiesel added. FutureFuel Chemical is a shipper of refined petroleum products on common carrier pipelines and buys and sells petroleum products to maintain an active shipper status on these pipelines.

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared by FutureFuel in accordance and consistent with the accounting policies stated in FutureFuel’s 2018 audited consolidated financial statements and should be read in conjunction with the 2018 audited consolidated financial statements of FutureFuel. Certain reclassifications were made to prior year amounts to conform to the 2019 presentation.

In the opinion of FutureFuel, all normal recurring adjustments necessary for a fair presentation have been included in the unaudited consolidated financial statements. The unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in compliance with the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with instructions to Form 10-Q adopted by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Accordingly, the financial statements do not include all the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements, and do include amounts that are based upon management estimates and judgments. Future actual results could differ from such current estimates. The unaudited consolidated financial statements include assets, liabilities, revenues, and expenses of FutureFuel and its direct and indirect wholly owned subsidiaries; namely, FutureFuel Chemical Company, FFC Grain, L.L.C., FutureFuel Warehouse Company, L.L.C., and Legacy Regional Transport, L.L.C. Intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.

2 ) REINSTATEMENT OF THE BIODIESEL BLENDERS’ TAX CREDIT AND SMALL AGRI-BIODIESEL PRODUCER TAX CREDIT

The biodiesel Blenders’ Tax Credit (“BTC”) provides a $1.00 per gallon tax credit to the blender of biomass-based diesel with at least 0.1% petroleum-based diesel fuel.  When in effect, FutureFuel is the blender of record and recognizes the credit as a reduction to cost of goods sold.  The BTC expired on December 31, 2016 and was not reinstated for 2017 until it was signed into law as part of The Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018 passed by Congress on February 9, 2018.  As this Act was passed into law in 2018, FutureFuel recognized a net estimated pretax benefit from the reinstatement in the biofuels segment of $28,865 (a reduction in revenue of $13,559 for customer rebates (“BTC Rebates”) upon reinstatement and a reduction in cost of goods sold of $42,424). The gallons related to this credit were sold in the twelve months ended December 31, 2017.

As part of the law from which the BTC was reinstated, small agri-biodiesel producers with production capacity not in excess of 60 million gallons were eligible for an additional tax credit of $0.10 per gallon on the first 15 million gallons of agri-biodiesel sold (the “Small Agri-biodiesel Producer Tax Credit”).  The benefit of the Small Agri-biodiesel Producer Tax Credit was recognized as a $1,500 benefit in the income tax provision in the nine-month period ended September 30, 2018.

Neither the BTC nor the Small Agri-biodiesel Producer Tax Credit have been passed into law for gallons blended and sold in 2018 or 2019.  

5

 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of FutureFuel Corp.

(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)  

 3 )  REVENUE RECOGNITION

FutureFuel recognizes revenue in accordance with ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, and related subsequently issued ASUs (“Topic 606”). Under this standard, FutureFuel recognizes revenue when performance obligations of the customer contract are satisfied. FutureFuel sells to customers through master sales agreements or standalone purchase orders. The majority of FutureFuel's terms of sale have a single performance obligation to transfer products. Accordingly, FutureFuel recognizes revenue when control has been transferred to the customer, generally at the time of shipment or delivery of products. Under the previous revenue recognition accounting standard (“Topic 605”), FutureFuel recognized revenue upon the transfer of title and risk of loss, generally upon shipment or delivery of goods, although some revenue was recognized on a bill-and-hold basis.

A select number of FutureFuel custom chemical contracts within the chemical segment contain a material right as defined by Topic 606, from the provision of a customer option to purchase future goods or services at a discounted price as a result of upfront payments provided by customers. Each contract also has a performance obligation to transfer products with 30-day payment terms. FutureFuel recognizes revenue when the customer takes control of the inventory, either upon shipment or when the material is made available for pickup. FutureFuel has applied the renewal option approach in allocating the transaction price to these material rights and transfer of product. As a basis for allocating the transaction price to the material right and transfer of product, FutureFuel estimated the expected life of the product, the expected contractual volumes to be sold over that life, and the most likely expected sales price. Each estimate is updated quarterly on a prospective basis.

The majority of the Company’s revenue is from short-term contracts with revenue recognized when a single performance obligation to transfer product under the terms of a contract with a customer are satisfied. Accordingly, FutureFuel recognizes revenue when control is transferred to the customer, which is when products are considered to meet customer specification per the customer contract and title and risk of loss are transferred. This typically occurs at the time of shipment or delivery; or for certain contracts, this occurs upon delivery of the material to a FutureFuel storage location, ready for customer pickup and separated from other FutureFuel inventory. Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration FutureFuel expects to receive in exchange for transferring products and is generally based upon a negotiated price. FutureFuel sells its products directly to customers generally under agreements with payment terms of 30 to 75 days for chemical segment customers and 3 to 10 days for biofuels segment customers.

Contract Assets and Liabilities:

Contract assets consist of amounts typically resulting from amounts related to FutureFuel’s contractual right to consideration for completed performance obligations not yet invoiced.  Contract assets are recorded as accounts receivable on the consolidated balance sheet. Contract liabilities consist of upfront capital payments from a customer material right. The contract liabilities are recorded as deferred revenue in the consolidated balance sheets and are reduced as FutureFuel transfers product to the customer under the renewal option approach.  “Contract liabilities – short-term” primarily reflects deferred revenue from prepayments from customers for product to be delivered in 12 months or less.  “Contract liabilities – long-term” includes advance payments that FutureFuel has received from customers related to long-term supply contracts that are deferred and recognized over the life of the contract. 

These contract assets and liabilities are reported on the consolidated balance sheets on a contract-by-contract basis at the end of each reporting period.

6

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of FutureFuel Corp.

(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

The following table provides information about receivables, contract assets, and contract liabilities from contracts with customers.

Contract Assets and Liability Balances	September 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
Trade receivables, which are included in Accounts receivable, net of allowances for bad debts of $0	$	20,045	$	15,496
Contract assets	$	775	$	798
Contract liabilities, which are included in Deferred revenue - short-term	$	5,025	$	4,374
Contract liabilities, which are included in Deferred revenue - long-term	$	15,199	$	15,958

The increase in contract liabilities from December 31, 2018 to September 30, 2019 was $3,402 of advanced payments from customers related to long-term supply agreements.  Revenue recognized in the first nine months of 2019 from amounts included in contract liabilities at the beginning of the period was $3,510. 

Transaction price allocated to the remaining performance obligations:

At September 30, 2019, approximately $20,224 of revenue is expected to be recognized from remaining performance obligations. FutureFuel expects to recognize this revenue ratably over expected sales over the expected term of its long-term contracts which range from one to five years. Approximately 25% of this revenue is expected to be recognized over the next 12 months, and 75% is expected to be recognized between one and five years. These amounts are subject to change based upon changes in the estimated contract life and estimated quantities to be sold over the contract life.

The Company applied the practical expedient in ASC 606-10-50-14 and have excluded the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for (i) contracts with an original expected length of one year or less; and (ii) contracts for which the Company recognizes revenue at the amount to which it has the right to invoice for services performed.

7

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of FutureFuel Corp.

(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

Disaggregation of revenue - contractual and non-contractual:

	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
Contract revenue from customers with > 1 year arrangements	$	16,331	$	14,587	$	43,470	$	47,745
Contract revenue from customer with < 1 year arrangements		49,298		66,780		141,413		191,154
Revenue from non-contractual arrangements		55		55		166		165
BTC rebate		-		-		-		(13,559	)
Total revenue	$	65,684	$	81,422	$	185,049	$	225,505

Timing of revenue:

	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
Bill-and-hold revenue	$	14,417	$	11,576	$	38,179	$	32,470
Non-bill-and-hold revenue		51,267		69,846		146,870		193,035
Total revenue	$	65,684	$	81,422	$	185,049	$	225,505

For both long-term and short-term contracts, FutureFuel has elected to account for shipping and handling as activities to fulfill the promise to transfer the good. As such, shipping and handling fees billed to customers in a sales transaction are recorded in net sales and shipping and handling costs incurred are recorded in cost of goods sold. FutureFuel has elected to exclude from net sales any taxes which it collects concurrent with revenue-producing activities. These accounting policy elections are consistent with the manner in which FutureFuel historically recorded shipping and handling fees and taxes.

4 )  LEASE COMMITMENTS AND SHORT-TERM CONTRACTS

The FASB established Topic 842, Leases, by issuing Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2016-02, which requires lessees to recognize leases on-balance sheet and disclose key information about leasing arrangements. The new standard establishes a right-of-use model (ROU) that requires a lessee to recognize a ROU asset and lease liability on the balance sheet for all leases with a term longer than 12 months. ROU assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to make lease payments under the leases.

The Company adopted the new lease standard January 1, 2019 under the modified retrospective transition approach using the effective date as the date of initial application with the practical expedient election for short-term lease exemption along with the election to not separate lease and non-lease components for all leases.

FutureFuel leases railcars under multi-year arrangements primarily for delivery of feedstock and biodiesel within its biofuels segment. The lease fees are fixed, with no option to purchase and no upfront fees nor residual value guarantees. All railcar leases are direct and no subleases exist. FutureFuel determines lease existence and classification at inception when an agreement conveys the right to control identified property for a period of time in exchange for consideration. The Company’s leases have remaining terms from two to five years with a weighted average remaining term of four years. As operating leases do not provide a readily determinable implicit interest rate, the Company uses an incremental borrowing rate based on information available at the commencement date in determining present value of the lease payments. On January 1, 2019, an ROU asset and ROU liability was reported as other noncurrent assets of $1,641 and other current liabilities and other noncurrent liabilities of $370 and $1,271, respectively.

8

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of FutureFuel Corp.

(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

Following are supplemental income statement and cash flow information related to leases at September 30, 2019.

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
Operating lease expense	$	149	$	135	$	427	$	405
Short-term lease expense	$	73	$	-	$	165	$	-
Cash paid for operating leases	$	149	$	135	$	427	$	405
ROU assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations	$	-	$	-	$	432	$	-
Weighted average discount rate	4.4% per annum			N/A	4.4% per annum			N/A

Following are supplemental balance sheet information related to leases at September 30, 2019.

Operating lease ROU assets:
Other noncurrent assets	$	1,688
Total operating lease assets	$	1,688
Operating lease liabilities:
Other current liabilities	$	531
Other noncurrent liabilities		1,157
Total operating lease liabilities	$	1,688

Following are maturities of lease liabilities at September 30, 2019.

2019	$	130
2020		595
2021		388
2022		370
2023		319
2024		32
Total	$	1,834
Less: imputed interest		146
Present value of lease payments	$	1,688

5 ) INVENTORY

The carrying values of inventory were as follows as of:   

	September 30, 2019			December 31, 2018
At average cost (approximates current cost)
Finished goods	$	18,283		$	23,658
Work in process		1,480			2,100
Raw materials and supplies		30,917			23,909
		50,680			49,667
LIFO reserve		(7,891	)		(10,371	)
Total inventory	$	42,789		$	39,296

9

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of FutureFuel Corp.

(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)  

6 ) DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS

FutureFuel is exposed to certain risks relating to its ongoing business operations. Commodity price risk is the primary risk managed by using derivative instruments. Regulated fixed price futures and options contracts are utilized to manage the price risk associated with future purchases of feedstock used in FutureFuel’s biodiesel production along with physical feedstock and finished product inventories attributed to this process.

FutureFuel recognizes all derivative instruments as either assets or liabilities at fair value in its consolidated balance sheets. FutureFuel’s derivative instruments do not qualify for hedge accounting under the specific guidelines of ASC 815-20-25, Derivatives and Hedging. None of the derivative instruments are designated and accounted for as hedges primarily as a result of the extensive record keeping requirements.

The fair value of FutureFuel’s derivative instruments is determined based on the closing prices of the derivative instruments on relevant commodity exchanges at the end of an accounting period. Realized gains and losses on derivative instruments and changes in fair value of the derivative instruments are recorded in the statements of operations as a component of cost of goods sold, and amounted to a gain of $322 for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and a loss of $676 for the three months ended September 30, 2018, and a loss of $711 and $3,947 for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

The volumes and carrying values of FutureFuel’s derivative instruments were as follows at: 

	September 30, 2019				December 31, 2018
	Contract Quantity Short		Fair Value		Contract Quantity Short		Fair Value
Regulated options		-	$	-		100	$	(484	)
Regulated fixed price future commitments		10	$	60		96	$	187

The margin account maintained with a broker to collateralize these derivative instruments carried an account balance of $128 and $980 at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively, and was classified as other current assets in the consolidated balance sheets. The carrying values of the margin account and of the derivative instruments are included net, in other current assets.

7 ) MARKETABLE SECURITIES

At September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, FutureFuel had investments in certain debt securities (trust preferred securities and exchange-traded debt instruments) and in preferred stock and other equity instruments. These investments are classified as current assets in the consolidated balance sheets. FutureFuel has designated the debt securities as being available-for-sale. For the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, the change in the fair value of equity securities was reported as gain (loss) on marketable securities as a component of net income.

10

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of FutureFuel Corp.

(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

AVAILABLE-FOR-SALE DEBT SECURITIES:

The following comprises the available-for-sale debt securities balances included within marketable securities in the consolidated balance sheets at the respective dates:

	September 30, 2019
	Adjusted Cost		Unrealized Gains		Unrealized Losses			Fair Value
Exchange-traded debt	$	1,428	$	112	$	(5	)	$	1,535
Trust preferred stock		3,676		147		-			3,823
Total debt securities	$	5,104	$	259	$	(5	)	$	5,358

	December 31, 2018
	Adjusted Cost		Unrealized Gains		Unrealized Losses			Fair Value
Exchange-traded debt	$	1,428	$	37	$	(65	)	$	1,400
Trust preferred stock		3,147		21		(18	)		3,150
Total debt securities	$	4,575	$	58	$	(83	)	$	4,550

The aggregate fair value of debt securities with unrealized losses totaled $256 at September 30, 2019, and the aggregate fair value of debt securities with unrealized losses totaled $2,540 at December 31, 2018. FutureFuel had investments in debt securities with a total value of $256 and $187 that were in an unrealized loss position for a greater-than-12-month period at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. The unrealized loss position for those securities was $5 and $19, respectively, at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018.  These unrealized losses are interest rate related and therefore considered temporary. FutureFuel will hold these debt securities as they are fully expected to recover. Both unrealized and realized gains and losses are recognized on the specific identification method. There were no sales of debt securities in 2019 or 2018.

The adjusted cost basis and fair value of debt securities at September 30, 2019, by contractual maturity, are shown below.

	September 30, 2019
	Adjusted Cost		Fair Value
Due in one year or less	$	-	$	-
Due after one year through five years		-		-
Due after five years through ten years		-		-
Due after ten years		5,104		5,358
Total	$	5,104	$	5,358

The unrealized gain (loss) on equity securities held for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 were $1,730 and $6,621, respectively, and for the three- and nine- months ended September 2018, $815 and ($5,597), respectively. 

11

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of FutureFuel Corp.

(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

8 ) RECLASSIFICATIONS FROM ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME:

The following tables summarize changes in accumulated other comprehensive income from unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities in the three- and nine-months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018. 

Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income From Unrealized
Gains and Losses on Available-for-Sale Securities
Three Months Ended September 30, 2019 and 2018
(Net of Tax)
	2019		2018
Balance at July 1	$	199	$	145
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications		1		(21	)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income		-		-
Net current-period other comprehensive income		1		(21	)
Balance at September 30	$	200	$	124

Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income From Unrealized
Gains and Losses on Available-for-Sale Securities
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019 and 2018
(Net of Tax)
	2019			2018
Balance at January 1	$	(20	)	$	160
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications		220			(36	)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income		-			-
Net current-period other comprehensive income		220			(36	)
Balance at September 30	$	200		$	124

There were no reclassifications from accumulated other comprehensive income in the three- and nine-months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018. 

12

9 )  FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

Fair value is defined as the exit price, or the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants as of the measurement date. Fair value accounting pronouncements also include a hierarchy for inputs used in measuring fair value that maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs by requiring that the most observable inputs be used when available. Observable inputs are inputs market participants would use in valuing the asset or liability developed based on market data obtained from sources independent of FutureFuel. Unobservable inputs are inputs that reflect FutureFuel’s assumptions about the factors market participants would use in valuing the asset or liability developed based upon the best information available in the circumstances. The hierarchy is broken down into three levels. Level 1 inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 inputs include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, and inputs (other than quoted prices) that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability. Categorization within the valuation hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

The following tables provide information by level for assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value, on a recurring basis, at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018. 

	Asset
			Fair Value Measurements Using
	Fair Value at		Inputs Considered as:
Description	September 30, 2019		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Derivative instruments	$	60	$	60	$	-	$	-
Preferred stock and other equity instruments	$	70,225	$	70,225	$	-	$	-
Trust preferred stock and exchange-traded debt instruments	$	5,358	$	5,358	$	-	$	-

	Asset (Liability)
				Fair Value Measurements Using
	Fair Value at			Inputs Considered as:
Description	December 31, 2018			Level 1			Level 2		Level 3
Derivative instruments	$	(297	)	$	(297	)	$	-	$	-
Preferred stock and other equity instruments	$	75,338		$	75,338		$	-	$	-
Trust preferred stock and exchange-traded debt instruments,	$	4,550		$	4,550		$	-	$	-

10 )  INTANGIBLE ASSETS

In April of 2015, FutureFuel acquired additional historical line space on a pipeline for $1,408. The acquired line space was recorded as an intangible asset with an indefinite life as there was no foreseeable limit on the time period over which it is expected to contribute to cash flows. The carrying value of the asset was $1,408 at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018. FutureFuel tests the intangible asset for impairment in accordance with Topic 350, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other. 

13

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of FutureFuel Corp.

(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)  

11 ) ACCRUED EXPENSES AND OTHER CURRENT LIABILITIES

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities, including those associated with related parties, consisted of the following at:   

	September 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
Accrued employee liabilities	$	2,533	$	1,253
Accrued property, franchise, motor fuel and other taxes		1,860		1,225
Lease liability, current		531		-
Other		303		264
Total	$	5,227	$	2,742

12 ) BORROWINGS

On April 16, 2015, FutureFuel, with FutureFuel Chemical as the borrower and certain of FutureFuel’s other subsidiaries as guarantors, entered into a $150,000 secured and committed credit facility with the lenders party, Regions Bank as administrative agent and collateral agent, and PNC Bank, N.A., as syndication agent. On May 25, 2016, FutureFuel increased the credit facility by $15,000. The credit facility consists of a five-year revolving credit facility in a dollar amount of up to $165,000, which includes a sublimit of $30,000 for letters of credit and $15,000 for swingline loans (collectively, the “Credit Facility”). The credit facility expires on April 16, 2020.

The interest rate floats at the following margins over LIBOR or base rate based upon the leverage ratio from time to time:

Consolidated Leverage Ratio			Adjusted LIBOR Rate Loans and Letter of Credit Fee			Base Rate Loans			Commitment Fee
< 1.00:1.0				1.25	%		0.25	%		0.15	%
≥ 1.00:1.0	And	< 1.50:1.0		1.50	%		0.50	%		0.20	%
≥ 1.50:1.0	And	< 2.00:1.0		1.75	%		0.75	%		0.25	%
≥ 2.00:1.0	And	< 2.50:1.0		2.00	%		1.00	%		0.30	%
≥ 2.50:1.0				2.25	%		1.25	%		0.35	%

The terms of the Credit Facility contain certain covenants and conditions including a maximum consolidated leverage ratio, a minimum consolidated fixed charge coverage ratio, and a minimum liquidity requirement. FutureFuel was in compliance with such covenants at September 30, 2019.

There were no borrowings under this credit agreement at September 30, 2019 or December 31, 2018.

14

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of FutureFuel Corp.

(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)  

13) LEGAL MATTERS

From time to time, FutureFuel and its operations are parties to, or targets of, lawsuits, claims, investigations, regulatory matters, and proceedings, which are being handled and defended in the ordinary course of business. While FutureFuel is unable to predict the outcomes of these matters, it does not believe, based upon currently available facts, that the ultimate resolution of any such pending matters will have a material adverse effect on its overall financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.

14 ) RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

FutureFuel enters into transactions with companies affiliated with or controlled by a director and significant shareholder. Revenues, expenses, prepaid amounts, and unpaid amounts related to these transactions are captured in the accompanying consolidated financial statements as related party line items.

Related party revenues are the result of sales of biodiesel, petrodiesel, blends, other petroleum products, and other similar or related products to these related parties.  

Related party cost of goods sold and distribution are the result of sales of biodiesel, petrodiesel, blends, and other petroleum products to these related parties along with the associated expense from the purchase of natural gas, storage and terminalling services, and income tax and consulting services by FutureFuel from these related parties.

15 ) INCOME TAX PROVISION

The following table summarizes the income tax provision.  

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
Income tax provision	$	1,014		$	4,012		$	2,889		$	2,336
Effective tax rate		13.3	%		29.8	%		15.5	%		4.4	%

The effective tax rate for the three-and nine-months ended September 30, 2019 included a benefit from the 2014, 2015, and 2016 income tax audit settlements with the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) and a return to provision true-up. The effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 was also favorably impacted from a retroactive research and development credit for a prior year in a state where FutureFuel does significant business.

Comparatively, the effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 reflected the expected tax rate on reported operating income before income tax, including the positive effect of the retroactive reinstatement of the 2017 BTC and Small Agri-biodiesel Producer Tax Credit. The effective tax rate in the nine months ended September 30, 2019 does not reflect these credits as they were not applicable for 2018 or 2019.

There were no unrecognized tax benefits at September 30, 2019 and unrecognized tax benefits of $2,804 at December 31, 2018. As mentioned above, the Company settled the 2014, 2015, and 2016 IRS audit through resolution of issues previously provided for as unrecognized tax benefits. 

FutureFuel recorded interest and penalties, net, as a component of income tax provision and had accrued balances of $748 and $681 at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.

15

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of FutureFuel Corp.

(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)  

16 ) EARNINGS PER SHARE

In the three- and nine-months ended September 30, 2019, FutureFuel used the treasury method in computing earnings per share as all shares with participating security holders had vested and thus, the two class method was unnecessary. During 2018, FutureFuel had unvested participating shares and computed earnings per share using the two-class method in accordance with ASC Topic 260, Earnings per Share. The two-class method is an allocation of earnings between the holders of common stock and a company’s participating security holders. Outstanding unvested shares of restricted stock contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends and, therefore, are considered participating securities for purposes of computing earnings per share pursuant to the two-class method. There were no other participating securities at September 30, 2019 or 2018.

FutureFuel had shares contingently issuable of 53,405 and 160,218 associated with outstanding service-based restricted stock units for the three- and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2018, respectively. These shares were not included in the earnings per share calculations as the vesting conditions had not been satisfied. There were no outstanding service-based restricted stock units for the three- and nine-months ended September 30, 2019.

Basic and diluted earnings per common share were computed as follows:  

	Three Months Ended September 30,					Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2019		2018			2019		2018
Numerator:
Net income	$	6,622	$	9,445		$	15,808	$	51,322
Less: distributed earnings allocated to non-vested stock		-		-			-		-
Less: undistributed earnings allocated to non-vested restricted stock		-		(4	)		-		(26	)
Numerator for basic earnings per share	$	6,622	$	9,441		$	15,808	$	51,296
Effect of dilutive securities:
Add: undistributed earnings allocated to non-vested restricted stock		-		4			-		26
Less: undistributed earnings reallocated to non-vested restricted stock		-		(4	)		-		(26	)
Numerator for diluted earnings per share	$	6,622	$	9,441		$	15,808	$	51,296
Denominator:
Weighted average shares outstanding – basic		43,743,243		43,724,195			43,743,243		43,719,215
Effect of dilutive securities:
Stock options and other awards		-		8,725			1,910		6,155
Weighted average shares outstanding – diluted		43,743,243		43,732,920			43,745,153		43,725,370
Basic earnings per share	$	0.15	$	0.22		$	0.36	$	1.17
Diluted earnings per share	$	0.15	$	0.22		$	0.36	$	1.17

Certain options to purchase FutureFuel’s common stock were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share because they were anti-dilutive in the period. For the three- and nine-months ended September 30, 2019, 50,000 and 30,000 options were excluded on a weighted average basis, respectively. There were no options excluded on this basis for the three-months ended September 30, 2018. The weighted average number of options excluded on this basis was 20,000 for the nine-months ended September 30, 2018.

16

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of FutureFuel Corp.

(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)  

17 ) SEGMENT INFORMATION

FutureFuel has two reportable segments organized along similar product groups – chemicals and biofuels.

Chemicals

FutureFuel’s chemical segment manufactures diversified chemical products that are sold externally to third party customers. This segment is comprised of two components: “custom manufacturing” (manufacturing chemicals for specific customers) and “performance chemicals” (multi-customer specialty chemicals).

Biofuels

FutureFuel’s biofuels segment primarily manufactures and markets biodiesel. Biodiesel revenues are generated through the sale of biodiesel to customers through FutureFuel’s distribution network at the Batesville Plant, through distribution facilities available at leased oil storage facilities, and through a network of remotely located tanks. Biofuels revenues also include the sale of biodiesel blends with petrodiesel; petrodiesel with no biodiesel added; internally generated, separated Renewable Identification Numbers (“RINs”); biodiesel production byproducts; and the purchase and sale of other petroleum products on common carrier pipelines.  Biodiesel selling prices and profitability can at times fluctuate based on the timing of unsold, internally generated RINs. FutureFuel does not allocate production costs to internally generated RINs, and, from time to time, can enter into sales of biodiesel on a “RINs-free” basis, resulting in FutureFuel maintaining possession of the applicable RINs from the sale. The benefit derived from the eventual sale of the RINs is not reflected in results of operations until such time as the RINs sale has been completed, which may lead to variability in reported operating results.

Summary of long-lived assets and revenues by geographic area

All of FutureFuel’s long-lived assets are located in the United States.

Most of FutureFuel’s sales are transacted with control and title passing at the time of shipment from the Batesville Plant, although some sales are transacted with control and title passing at the delivery point. While many of FutureFuel’s chemicals are utilized to manufacture products that are shipped, further processed, and/or consumed throughout the world, the chemical products, with limited exceptions, generally leave the United States only after ownership has transferred from FutureFuel to the customer. FutureFuel is rarely the exporter of record, never the importer of record into foreign countries, and is not always aware of the exact quantities of its products that are moved into foreign markets by its customers. FutureFuel does track the addresses of its customers for invoicing purposes and uses this address to determine whether a particular sale is within or outside the United States. FutureFuel’s revenues attributable to the United States and foreign countries (based upon the billing addresses of its customers) were as follows: 
 

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
United States	$	65,340	$	81,152	$	183,606	$	223,943
All Foreign Countries		344		270		1,443		1,562
Total	$	65,684	$	81,422	$	185,049	$	225,505

Revenues from a single foreign country during the three- and nine-months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 did not exceed 1% of total revenues.    

17

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of FutureFuel Corp.

(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)  

Summary of business by segment

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
Revenue
Custom chemicals	$	25,270		$	23,973		$	70,935		$	74,465
Performance chemicals		3,376			4,049			10,922			14,165
Chemicals revenue		28,646			28,022			81,857			88,630
Biofuels revenue		37,038			53,400			103,192			136,875
Total Revenue	$	65,684		$	81,422		$	185,049		$	225,505
Segment gross profit (loss)
Chemicals	$	8,488		$	8,898		$	22,978		$	24,470
Biofuels		(3,026	)		3,755			(10,984	)		33,961
Total gross profit		5,462			12,653			11,994			58,431
Corporate expenses		(2,187	)		(2,424	)		(6,323	)		(7,795	)
Income before interest and taxes		3,275			10,229			5,671			50,636
Interest and other income		4,404			3,358			13,156			6,688
Interest and other expense		(43	)		(130	)		(130	)		(3,666	)
Income tax provision		(1,014	)		(4,012	)		(2,889	)		(2,336	)
Net income	$	6,622		$	9,445		$	15,808		$	51,322

Depreciation is allocated to segment costs of goods sold based on plant usage. The total assets and capital expenditures of FutureFuel have not been allocated to individual segments as large portions of these assets are shared to varying degrees by each segment, causing such an allocation to be of little value.

18

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of FutureFuel Corp.

(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)  

18 ) RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING STANDARDS 

The following table provides a brief description of recent Accounting Standard Updates ("ASU") issued by the FASB:

Standard Description Effective Date Effect on the Financial Statements or Other Significant Matters

In August, 2018 the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, Intangibles – Goodwill and Other – Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer's Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract	These amendments align the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software (and hosting arrangements that include an internal-use software license). Accordingly, the amendments require an entity (customer) in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract to follow the guidance in Subtopic 350-40 to determine which implementation costs to capitalize as an asset related to the service contract and which costs to expense. The amendments also require the entity (customer) to expense the capitalized implementation costs of a hosting arrangement that is a service contract over the term of the hosting arrangement, which includes reasonably certain renewals.	Annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019 and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, including any interim period.	The Company plans to adopt the new guidance effective January 1, 2020.  The new guidance is expected to have minimal impact.
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses, Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. In April and May of 2019, FASB issued ASU 2019-04 and 2019-05 related to codification improvements and targeted transition relief for ASU 2016-13	These amendments require the measurement of all expected credit losses for financial assets held at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts. In addition, the ASU amends the accounting for credit losses on available-for-sale debt securities and purchased financial assets with credit deterioration.	Annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019. Earlier adoption was permitted, for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018.	The Company is currently considering the potential impact of this standard on financial reporting and internal controls related to the implementation of the standard as it relates to accounts receivable and debt securities and plans to adopt the new guidance on the effective date of January 1, 2020. The new guidance is expected to have minimal impact.

19

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

All dollar amounts expressed as numbers in this M D&A are in thousands (except per share amounts).

Certain tables may not add due to rounding.

The following Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations should be read together with our consolidated financial statements, including the notes thereto, set forth herein. This discussion contains forward-looking statements that reflect our current views with respect to future events and financial performance. Actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements. See “Forward Looking Information” below for additional discussion regarding risks associated with forward-looking statements.

Overview

Our company is managed and reported in two reporting segments: chemicals and biofuels. Within the chemical segment are two product groupings: custom chemicals and performance chemicals. The custom product group is comprised of specialty chemicals manufactured for a single customer whereas the performance product group is comprised of chemicals manufactured for multiple customers. The biofuels segment is comprised of one product group. Management believes that the diversity of each segment strengthens the company in the ability to utilize resources and is committed to growing each segment.

Summary of Financial Results

Set forth below is a summary of certain consolidated financial information for the periods indicated.

	Three Months Ended September 30,
					Dollar			%
	2019		2018		Change			Change
Revenue	$	65,684	$	81,422	$	(15,738	)		(19.3%	)
Income from operations	$	3,275	$	10,229	$	(6,954	)		(68.0%	)
Net income	$	6,622	$	9,445	$	(2,823	)		(29.9%	)
Earnings per common share:
Basic	$	0.15	$	0.22	$	(0.07	)		(31.8%	)
Diluted	$	0.15	$	0.22	$	(0.07	)		(31.8%	)
Capital expenditures (net of customer reimbursements)	$	572	$	642	$	(70	)		(10.9%	)
Adjusted EBITDA	$	6,834	$	13,661	$	(6,827	)		(50.0%	)

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
					Dollar			%
	2019		2018		Change			Change
Revenue	$	185,049	$	225,505	$	(40,456	)		(17.9%	)
Income from operations	$	5,671	$	50,636	$	(44,965	)		(88.8%	)
Net income	$	15,808	$	51,322	$	(35,514	)		(69.2%	)
Earnings per common share:
Basic	$	0.36	$	1.17	$	(0.81	)		(69.2%	)
Diluted	$	0.36	$	1.17	$	(0.81	)		(69.2%	)
Capital expenditures (net of customer reimbursements)	$	1,446	$	1,539	$	(93	)		(6.0%	)
Adjusted EBITDA	$	15,633	$	63,184	$	(47,551	)		(75.3%	)

20

We use adjusted EBITDA as a key operating metric to measure both performance and liquidity. Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure. Adjusted EBITDA is not a substitute for operating income, net income, or cash flow from operating activities (each as determined in accordance with GAAP) as a measure of performance or liquidity. Adjusted EBITDA has limitations as an analytical tool, and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of results as reported under GAAP. We define adjusted EBITDA as net income before interest, income taxes, depreciation, and amortization expenses, excluding, when applicable, non-cash stock-based compensation expenses, public offering expenses, acquisition-related transaction costs, purchase accounting adjustments, losses on disposal of property and equipment, gains or losses on derivative instruments, and other non-operating income or expenses. Information relating to adjusted EBITDA is provided so that investors have the same data that we employ in assessing the overall operation and liquidity of our business. Our calculation of adjusted EBITDA may be different from similarly titled measures used by other companies; therefore, the results of our calculation are not necessarily comparable to the results of other companies.

Adjusted EBITDA allows our chief operating decision makers to assess the performance and liquidity of our business on a consolidated basis to assess the ability of our operating segments to produce operating cash flow to fund working capital needs, to fund capital expenditures, and to pay dividends. In particular, our management believes that adjusted EBITDA permits a comparative assessment of our operating performance and liquidity, relative to a performance and liquidity based on GAAP results, while isolating the effects of certain items, including depreciation and amortization, which may vary among our operating segments without any correlation to their underlying operating performance, non-cash stock-based compensation expense, which is a non-cash expense that varies widely among similar companies, and gains and losses on derivative instruments, which can cause net income to appear volatile from period to period relative to the sale of the underlying physical product.

We utilize commodity derivative instruments primarily to protect our operations from downward movements in commodity prices, and to provide greater certainty of cash flows associated with sales of our commodities. We enter into hedges, and we utilize mark-to-market accounting to account for these instruments. Thus, our results in any given period can be impacted, and sometimes significantly, by changes in market prices relative to our contract price along with the timing of the valuation change in the derivative instruments relative to the sale of biofuel. We include this item as an adjustment as we believe it provides a relevant indicator of the underlying performance of our business in a given period.

Additionally, we invest in marketable securities of certain debt securities (trust preferred stock and exchange-traded debt instruments) and in preferred stock and other equity instruments. The realized and unrealized gains and losses on these marketable securities can fluctuate significantly from period to period. We include this item as an adjustment as we believe it provides a relevant indicator of the underlying performance of our business in a given period.

The following table reconciles net income, the most directly comparable GAAP performance financial measure, with adjusted EBITDA. 

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
Net income	$	6,622		$	9,445		$	15,808		$	51,322
Depreciation		3,620			2,732			9,092			8,502
Non-cash stock-based compensation		21			107			21			321
Interest and dividend income		(2,718	)		(2,543	)		(7,830	)		(6,688	)
Non-cash interest expense and amortization of deferred financing costs		43			43			130			130
(Gain) loss on disposal of property and equipment		(22	)		4			(11	)		41
(Gain) loss on derivative instruments		(322	)		676			711			3,947
(Gain) loss on marketable securities		(1,424	)		(815	)		(5,177	)		3,273
Income tax provision		1,014			4,012			2,889			2,336
Adjusted EBITDA	$	6,834		$	13,661		$	15,633		$	63,184

21

The following table reconciles cash flows from operations, the most directly comparable GAAP liquidity financial measure, with adjusted EBITDA.

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2019			2018
Net cash provided by operating activities	$	24,358		$	79,169
Benefit for deferred income taxes		273			3,609
Interest and dividend income		(7,830	)		(6,688	)
Income tax provision		2,889			2,336
Loss on derivative instruments		711			3,947
Change in fair value of derivative instruments		357			2,290
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net		(5,125	)		(21,479	)
Adjusted EBITDA	$	15,633		$	63,184

22

Results of Operations 

Consolidated

	Three Months Ended September 30,										Nine Months Ended September 30,
					Change										Change
	2019		2018		Amount			%			2019		2018		Amount			%
Revenue	$	65,684	$	81,422	$	(15,738	)		(19.3%	)	$	185,049	$	225,505	$	(40,456	)		(17.9%	)
Volume/product mix effect					$	(11,108	)		(13.6%	)					$	(38,678	)		(17.2%	)
Price effect					$	(4,630	)		(5.7%	)					$	(1,778	)		(0.7%	)
Gross profit	$	5,462	$	12,653	$	(7,191	)		(56.8%	)	$	11,994	$	58,431	$	(46,437	)		(79.5%	)

Consolidated revenue in the three- and nine-months ended September 30, 2019 decreased $15,738 and $40,456, respectively, compared to the three- and nine-months ended September 30, 2018. This decrease primarily resulted from decreased sales volumes and decreased prices of biodiesel in the three- and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2019. In addition, in the nine-month period ended September 30, 2019, revenue was reduced by lower sales volumes in the chemical segment. Partially reducing the nine-month price effect was prior year rebates paid to customers that resulted from the retroactive reinstatement of the 2017 blenders’ tax credit (BTC) passed into law on February 9, 2018. The BTC has not been reinstated beyond 2017, therefore, these rebates did not reoccur in 2019. Please see Note 2 for additional discussion.

Gross profit in the three- and nine-months ended September 30, 2019 decreased $7,191 and $46,437, respectively, compared to the three- and nine-months ended September 30, 2018. This decrease was primarily from the biofuels segment with the prior year period benefiting from the aforementioned BTC which was not in law in 2019. Also negatively impacting gross profit in the current periods were reduced sales volumes and average selling price in the biofuels segment. Additionally, chemical segment sales volumes reduced gross profit in the nine-month period. Partially offsetting these decreases in gross profit was the favorable impact of the change in the unrealized and realized activity in derivative instruments with a gain of $322 in the three months ended September 30, 2019 as compared to a loss of $676 in the three months ended September 30, 2018 and a loss of $711 in the nine months ended September 30, 2019, as compared to a loss of $3,947 in the same period of 2018. Additionally, gross profit was favorably impacted in the three- and nine-months ended September 30, 2019, as compared to the three- and nine-months ended September 30, 2018, by the adjustment in the carrying value of our inventory as determined utilizing the LIFO method of inventory accounting.  This adjustment increased gross profit by $557 and $2,480 in the three- and nine-months ended September 30, 2019 as compared to a decrease in gross profit of $623 and $2,621 in the three- and nine-months ended September 30, 2018, respectively.

Operating Expenses

Operating expenses decreased $237 and $1,472 in the three- and nine-months ended September 30, 2019, as compared to the three- and nine-months ended September 30, 2018. This decrease was primarily from reduced compensation expense on accrued bonuses related to the benefit of the 2017 BTC reinstated in the three and nine-month period ended September 30, 2018.

Income tax provision

The effective tax rate for the three-and nine-months ended September 30, 2019 included a benefit from income tax settlements for 2014, 2015, and 2016 Internal Revenue Service audits.  The effective tax rate for the nine-months ended September 30, 2019 was also favorably impacted by a retroactive research and development credit for a prior year in a state where we had significant business.

The nine-month period ended September 30, 2018 included the favorable effect of the BTC and Small Agri-biodiesel Producer Tax Credit (2017 BTC which was reinstated in the three months ended March 31, 2018).  These tax credits were not in law in 2019.

There were no unrecognized tax benefits at September 30, 2019 and there were unrecognized tax benefits of $2,804 at December 31, 2018. As mentioned in the previous paragraph, we settled the 2014, 2015, and 2016 IRS audits through resolution of issues previously provided for as unrecognized tax benefits.

We recorded interest and penalties, net, as a component of income tax provision with accrued balances of $748 and $681 at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.

23

Net Income

Net income for the three- and nine-months ended September 30, 2019 decreased $2,823 and $35,514, respectively, as compared to the same periods in 2018. The decrease in the three-month period resulted primarily from lower sales volumes and lower prices of biodiesel.  The decrease in the nine-month period resulted primarily from the absence of biodiesel tax credits and incentives that benefited the prior year and were not in effect for 2019 and to a lesser extent, lower sales volumes in the chemical segment.

 Chemical Segment

	Three Months Ended September 30,										Nine Months Ended September 30,
					Change										Change
	2019		2018		Amount			%			2019		2018		Amount			%
Revenue	$	28,646	$	28,022	$	624			2.2	%	$	81,857	$	88,630	$	(6,773	)		(7.6%	)
Volume/product mix effect					$	466			1.7	%					$	(7,592	)		(8.6%	)
Price effect					$	158			0.6	%					$	819			0.9	%
Gross profit	$	8,488	$	8,898	$	(410	)		(4.6%	)	$	22,978	$	24,470	$	(1,492	)		(6.1%	)

Chemical revenue in the three months ended September 30, 2019 increased 2.2% or $624 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2018. Revenue for our custom chemicals (unique chemicals produced for specific customers) for the three months ended September 30, 2019 totaled $25,270, an increase of $1,297 from the same period in 2018. This increase was primarily attributed to the timing of products delivered. Performance chemicals (comprised of multi-customer products which are sold based on specification) revenue was $3,376 in the three months ended September 30, 2019, a decrease of $673 from the three months ended September 30, 2018. This decrease was primarily from reduced sales volume of glycerin and slower sales of a polymer modifier used in the carpet industry.

Chemical revenue in the nine months ended September 30, 2019 decreased 7.6% or $6,773 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2018. Revenue for our custom chemicals (unique chemicals produced for specific customers) for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 totaled $70,935, a decrease of $3,530 from the same period in 2018. This decrease was primarily attributed to decreased sales volumes in the agrochemical and energy markets and included a planned shutdown of a process line to expand capacity. During the current quarter, a custom agrochemical customer informed us that they would not renew their contract for 2020. For the three- and nine-month period, revenue from this customer totaled $4,877 and $12,195, respectively. Performance chemicals (comprised of multi-customer products which are sold based on specification) revenue was $10,922 in the nine months ended September 30, 2019, a decrease of $3,243 from the nine months ended September 30, 2018. This decrease was primarily from reduced sales volume of glycerin and slower sales of a polymer modifier used in the carpet industry.

Gross profit for the chemical segment for the three- and nine-months ended September 30, 2019, decreased 4.6% or $410 and 6.1% or $1,492, respectively, when compared to the same period of 2018. This decrease was driven mostly by sales volume declines in the agrochemical and energy market as discussed above and partially offset by a benefit from the change in adjustments in the carrying value of our inventory as determined utilizing the LIFO method of inventory accounting. The change in this adjustment increased the chemical segment gross profit in the nine-months ended September 30, 2019 by $836, as compared to a decrease in gross profit of $601, in the same period of 2018.

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Biofuels Segment

	Three Months Ended September 30,											Nine Months Ended September 30,
						Change											Change
	2019			2018		Amount			%			2019			2018		Amount			%
Revenue	$	37,038		$	53,400	$	(16,362	)		(30.6	%)	$	103,192		$	136,875	$	(33,683	)		(24.6	%)
Volume/product mix effect						$	(11,574	)		(21.6	%)						$	(31,086	)		(22.7	%)
Price effect						$	(4,788	)		(9.0	%)						$	(2,597	)		(1.9	%)
Gross (loss) profit	$	(3,026	)	$	3,755	$	(6,781	)		(180.6	%)	$	(10,984	)	$	33,961	$	(44,945	)		(132.3	%)

Biofuels revenue in the three- and nine-months ended September 30, 2019 decreased $16,362 and $33,683, respectively, as compared to the same periods of 2018. The biodiesel and biodiesel blend volumes decreased in both the three- and nine-month period as compared to the prior year, primarily from the lack of sourcing profitable feedstock. In addition, in the three months ended September 30, 2019 as compared to the same period of 2018, lower selling price reduced revenue 9.0% or $4,788. In the nine-month period ended September 30, 2019 as compared to the same period of 2018, net sales prices decreased revenue 1.9% or $2,597. In the nine-month period ended September 30, 2018, revenue included rebates that resulted from the retroactive reinstatement of the 2017 BTC. These rebates represented a lower sales price in the nine months ended September 30, 2018; these rebates were not present in the nine-month period ended September 30, 2019. The BTC has not been reinstated beyond 2017. Please see Note 2 for additional discussion.  

Biofuels revenue from common carrier pipelines varies as its revenue recognition depends upon whether a transaction is bought from and sold to the same party. Purchases and sales of inventory with the same counterparty that are entered into in contemplation of one another (including buy/sell agreements) are combined and recorded on a net basis. Additionally, revenue from common carrier pipelines fluctuates with market conditions. Revenue from net transactions increased $121 in the nine months ended September 30, 2019 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2018.

A portion of our biodiesel sold was to one major refiner/blender in 2019 and two in 2018.  No assurances can be given that we will continue to sell to such major refiners, or, if we do sell, the volume we will sell or the profit margin we will realize. We do not believe that the loss of these customers would have a material adverse effect on our biofuels segment or on us as a whole because: (i) unlike our custom manufacturing products, biodiesel is a commodity with a large potential customer base; (ii) we believe that we could readily sell our biodiesel to other customers as potential demand from other customers for biodiesel exceeds our production capacity; (iii) our sales to these customers are not under fixed terms and the customers have no fixed obligation to purchase any minimum quantities except as stipulated by short-term purchase orders; and (iv) the prices we receive from these customers are based upon then-market rates, as would be the case with sales of this commodity to other customers.

Biofuels had a gross loss of $3,026 in the three months ended September 30, 2019, as compared to a gross profit of $3,755 in the same period of 2018, primarily on lower sales volumes and to a lesser extent, lower sales prices. Partially reducing the gross loss in the three months ended September 30, 2019 was the change in adjustments in the carrying value of our inventory as determined utilizing the LIFO method of inventory accounting as compared to the same period in 2018. This adjustment decreased gross loss $465 in the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared to a decrease in gross profit of $460 in the three months ended September 30, 2018.

Biofuels gross loss was also reduced by the change in the activity in derivative instruments with a gain of $322 in the three months ended September 30, 2019, as compared to a loss of $676 in the same period of 2018. In order to better manage the commodity price risk caused by market fluctuations in biofuel prices, we may enter into exchange-traded commodity futures and options contracts. We account for these derivative instruments in accordance with accounting standards whereby the fair value of our derivative instruments is determined based on the closing prices of the derivative instruments on relevant commodity exchanges at the end of an accounting period. Realized gains and losses on derivative instruments and changes in fair value of the derivative instruments are recorded in the statement of operations as a component of cost of goods sold within the biofuels segment.

We recognize all derivative instruments as either assets or liabilities at fair value in its consolidated balance sheet. Our derivative instruments do not qualify for hedge accounting under the specific guidelines of Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging. None of the derivative instruments are designated and accounted for as hedges due primarily to the extensive record keeping requirements.

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In the nine-month period ended September 30, 2019, biofuels gross loss was $10,984 as compared to a gross profit of $33,961 in the same period of 2018. The change was primarily from the retroactive reinstatement of the 2017 BTC, totaling $28,865, which benefited the first nine months of 2018 and has not been reinstated past December 31, 2017. Further increasing gross loss were lower sales volumes in the nine months of 2019 as compared to the same period of 2018. Gross loss was partially reduced in 2019, by the change in adjustments in the carrying value of our inventory as determined utilizing the LIFO method of inventory accounting. This adjustment reduced gross loss $1,645 in the nine months ended September 30, 2019, as compared to a reduction in gross profit of $2,020 in the nine months ended September 30, 2018. In addition, biofuels gross loss was reduced by the change in the activity in derivative instruments with a loss of $711 in the nine months ended September 30, 2019, as compared to a loss of $3,947 in the same period of 2018.

The volumes and carrying values of our derivative instruments were as follows:

	September 30, 2019				December 31, 2018
	Contract Quantity		Fair Value		Contract Quantity Short		Fair Value
Regulated options, included in other current assets		-	$	-		100	$	(484	)
Regulated fixed price future commitments, included in other current assets		10	$	60		96	$	187

*All derivative instruments are entered into with the standard contract terms and conditions in accordance with major trading authorities of the New York Mercantile Exchange.

Critical Accounting Estimates

Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes revenue under Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. Certain long-term contracts had upfront non-cancellable payments considered material rights. The Company applied the renewal option approach in allocating the transaction price to the material rights. For each of these contracts, the Company estimated the expected contractual volumes to be sold at the most likely expected sales price as a basis for allocating the transaction price to the material right. Estimates are updated quarterly on a prospective basis. These custom chemical contracts have payment terms of 30 days. Please see Note 18 for additional discussion.

For most product sales, revenue is recognized when product is shipped from our facilities and risk of loss and title have passed to the customer, which is in accordance with our customer contracts and the stated shipping terms. Nearly all custom manufactured products are manufactured under written master service agreements. Performance chemicals and biodiesel are generally sold pursuant to the terms of written purchase orders. In general, customers do not have any rights of return, except for quality disputes. All of our products are tested for quality before shipment, and historically returns have been inconsequential. We do not offer rebates, except those related to the BTC.

Biodiesel selling prices can at times fluctuate based on the timing of unsold, internally generated RINs. From time to time, sales of biodiesel are on a “RINs-free” basis. Such method of selling results in applicable RINs being held. The value of the RINs is not reflected in revenue until such time as the RIN sale has been completed.

Revenue from bill-and-hold transactions in which a performance obligation exists is recognized when the total performance obligation has been met and control of the product has transferred. Bill-and-hold transactions for the three- and nine-months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 were related to custom chemicals customers whereby revenue was recognized in accordance with contractual agreements based upon product being produced and ready for use by the customer. These sales were subject to written monthly purchase orders with agreement that production was reasonable. The product was custom manufactured and stored at the customer’s request and could not be sold to another buyer. Credit and payment terms for bill-and-hold customers are similar to other custom chemicals customers. Revenue under bill-and-hold arrangements were $14,417 and $11,576 for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, bill-and-hold revenue were $38,179 and $32,470, respectively.

26

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our net cash from operating activities, investing activities, and financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 are set forth in the following table.

	2019			2018
Net cash from operating activities	$	24,358		$	79,169
Net cash from investing activities	$	4,488		$	13,600
Net cash used in financing activities	$	(7,873	)	$	(8,048	)

Operating Activities

Cash from operating activities decreased from $79,169 in the first nine months of 2018 to $24,358 in the first nine months of 2019. This $54,811 decrease was primarily attributable to the decrease of $35,514 in net income; a gain in the fair value of equity securities of $6,621 in the nine months ended September 30, 2019, as compared to a loss of $5,597 in the nine months ended September 30, 2018 for a total change of $12,218, and a lesser increase of $5,234 in accounts payable, including accounts payable - related parties, compared to the increase of $14,967 for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, for a net change of $9,733.  

Investing Activities

Cash from investing activities decreased from $13,600 in the first nine months of 2018 to $4,488 in the first nine months of 2019. Of the $9,112 change, $4,516 was the result of decreased cash inflows from net sales of marketable securities in the first nine months of 2019 compared to net sales in the first nine months of 2018. Such net sales totaled $9,762, in the first nine months of 2019, compared to $14,278 in net sales in the first nine months of 2018. Our capital expenditures and customer reimbursements for capital expenditures for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 are summarized in the following table: 

	2019			2018
Cash paid for capital expenditures	$	6,139		$	3,084
Cash received from customers as reimbursement of capital expenditures*	$	(4,693	)	$	(1,545	)
Cash paid for capital expenditures, net of customer reimbursements	$	1,446		$	1,539

*This receipt of cash was reported as an increase in deferred revenue in cash flows from operations.

Financing Activities

Cash used in financing activities was $7,873 and $8,048, in the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. This is primarily the result of payments of dividends on our common stock in the first nine months of 2019 and 2018.

 Credit Facility

Effective April 16, 2015, we entered into a new $150,000 secured committed credit facility with a syndicated group of commercial banks. On May 25, 2016, we increased the facility $15,000. The loan is a revolving facility, the proceeds of which may be used for our working capital, capital expenditures, and general corporate purposes. The facility terminates on April 16, 2020. See Note 7 for additional information regarding our Credit Agreement.

We intend to fund future capital requirements for our businesses from cash flow as well as from existing cash, cash investments, and, if the need should arise, borrowings under our credit facility. We do not believe there will be a need to issue any securities to fund such capital requirements.

27

Dividends

In the first nine months of 2019 and 2018, we paid a regular quarterly cash dividend in the amount of $0.06 per share on our common stock. The regular cash dividend amounted to $7,873 and $7,872 in the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Capital Management

As a result of our initial equity offering, our subsequent positive operating results, the exercise of warrants, and the issuance of shares in our at-the-market offering, we accumulated excess working capital. Some of this excess working capital has been paid out as special and regular cash dividends. Additionally, regular cash dividends will be paid in 2019, as previously reported. Third parties have not placed significant restrictions on our working capital management decisions.

A significant portion of these funds was held in cash or cash equivalents at multiple financial institutions. In the periods ended September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, we also had investments in certain preferred stock, trust preferred securities, exchange-traded debt instruments, and other equity instruments. We classify these investments as current assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and designate the debt securities as being “available-for-sale.” Accordingly, the debt securities are recorded at fair value, with the unrealized gains and losses, net of taxes, reported as a component of stockholders’ equity. We also held equity securities with readily available market values. These equity instruments are recorded at fair value, with the unrealized gains and losses reported as a component of net income. The fair value of the debt securities and equity instruments totaled $75,583 and $79,888 at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.

Lastly, we maintain depositary accounts such as checking accounts, money market accounts, and other similar accounts at selected financial institutions.

28

Off- Balance Sheet Arrangements

We engage in two types of hedging transactions. First, we hedge our biofuels sales through the purchase and sale of futures contracts and options on futures contracts of energy commodities. This activity was captured on our balance sheet at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018. Second, we hedge our biofuels feedstock through the execution of purchase contracts and supply agreements with certain vendors. These hedging transactions are recognized in earnings and were not recorded on our balance sheet at September 30, 2019 or December 31, 2018 because they do not meet the definition of a derivative instrument as defined under GAAP. The purchase of biofuels feedstock generally involves two risk components: basis and price. Basis covers any refining or processing required as well as transportation. Price covers the purchases of the actual agricultural commodity. Both basis and price fluctuate over time. A supply agreement with a vendor constitutes a hedge when we have committed to a certain volume of feedstock in a future period and have fixed the basis for that volume.

29

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

All dollar amounts expressed as numbers in these Market Risk Disclosures are in thousands (except per share amounts).

In recent years, general economic inflation has not had a material adverse impact on our costs and, as described elsewhere herein, we have passed some price increases along to our customers. However, we are subject to certain market risks as described below.

Market risk represents the potential loss arising from adverse changes in market rates and prices. Commodity price risk is inherent in the chemicals and biofuels business both with respect to inputs (electricity, coal, raw materials, biofuels feedstock, etc.) and outputs (manufactured chemicals and biofuels).

We seek to mitigate our market risks associated with the manufacturing and sale of chemicals by entering into long-term sale contracts that include contractual market price adjustment protections to allow changes in market prices of key raw materials to be passed on to the customer. Such price protections are not always obtained, however, and some raw material price risk remains significant.

In order to manage price risk caused by market fluctuations in biofuels prices, we may enter into exchange-traded commodity futures and options contracts. We account for these derivative instruments in accordance with Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging. Under this standard, the accounting for changes in the fair value of a derivative instrument depends upon whether it has been designated as an accounting hedging relationship and, further, on the type of hedging relationship. To qualify for designation as an accounting hedging relationship, specific criteria must be met and appropriate documentation maintained. We had no derivative instruments that qualified under these rules as designated accounting hedges in the first nine months of 2019 or 2018. Changes in the fair value of our derivative instruments are recognized at the end of each accounting period and recorded in the statement of operations as a component of cost of goods sold within the biodiesel segment.

Our immediate recognition of derivative instrument gains and losses can cause net income to be volatile from period to period due to the timing of the change in value of the derivative instruments relative to the volume of biofuel being sold. At September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the fair values of our derivative instruments were a net asset of $60 and liability of $297, respectively.

Our gross profit will be impacted by the prices we pay for raw materials and conversion costs (costs incurred in the production of chemicals and biofuels) for which we do not possess contractual market price adjustment protection. These items are principally comprised of crude corn oil and yellow grease and petrodiesel. The availability and price of these items are subject to fluctuations due to unpredictable factors such as weather conditions, overall economic conditions, governmental policies, commodity markets, and global supply and demand.

We prepared a sensitivity analysis of our exposure to market risk with respect to key raw materials and conversion costs for which we do not possess contractual market price adjustment protections, based on average prices for the first nine months of 2019. We included only those raw materials and conversion costs for which a hypothetical adverse change in price would result in a 1% or greater decrease in gross profit. Assuming that the prices of the associated finished goods could not be increased and assuming no change in quantities sold, a hypothetical 10% change in the average price of the commodity listed below would result in the following change in gross profit.

30

(Volume and dollars in thousands)

Item	Volume Requirements (a)		Units	Hypothetical Adverse Change in Price			Decrease in Gross Profit		Percentage Decrease in Gross Profit
Biodiesel feedstocks		256,495	LB		10.0	%		6,977		58.2	%
Methanol		117,689	LB		10.0	%		2,083		17.4	%
Electricity		90	MWH		10.0	%		500		4.2	%
Natural Gas		964	MCF		10.0	%		285		2.4	%
Sodium Methylate		6,951	LB		10.0	%		261		2.2	%
Coal		26	Ton		10.0	%		172		1.4	%
Caustic soda		9,438	LB		10.0	%		125		1.0	%

(a) Volume requirements and average price information are based upon volumes used and prices obtained for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. Volume requirements may differ materially from these quantities in future years as our business evolves.

We had no borrowings at September 30, 2019 or December 31, 2018 and, as such, we were not exposed to interest rate risk for those periods. Due to the relative insignificance of transactions denominated in foreign currency, we consider our foreign currency risk to be immaterial.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures.

Under the supervision and with the participation of our chief executive officer and our principal financial officer and other senior management personnel, we evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15(d)-15(e)) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on that evaluation, our chief executive officer and our principal financial officer have concluded that these disclosure controls and procedures at September 30, 2019 were effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms.

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during our last fiscal quarter that materially affected, or were reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

31

PART II OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings.

We are not a party to, nor is any of our property subject to, any material pending legal proceedings, other than ordinary routine litigation incidental to our business. However, from time to time, we may be a party to, or a target of, lawsuits, claims, investigations, and proceedings, including product liability, personal injury, asbestos, patent and intellectual property, commercial, contract, environmental, antitrust, health and safety, and employment matters, which we expect to be handled and defended in the ordinary course of business. While we are unable to predict the outcome of any matters currently pending, we do not believe that the ultimate resolution of any such pending matters will have a material adverse effect on our overall financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows. However, adverse developments could negatively impact earnings or cash flows in future periods.

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

There have been no material changes to the risk factors we previously disclosed in Item 1A of our Form 10-K, Annual

Report for the year ended December 31, 2018 filed with the SEC on March 15, 2019.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

None.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.

None.

Item 5. Other Information.

None.

Item 6. Exhibits.

Exhibit	Description
11.	Statement re Computation of per Share Earnings
31(a).	Rule 13a-15(e)/15d-15(e) Certification of chief executive officer
31(b).	Rule 13a-15(e)/15d-15(e) Certification of chief principal officer
32.	Section 1350 Certification of chief executive officer and principal financial officer
101	Interactive Data Files**
101.INS	XBRL Instance
101.SCH	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema
101.CAL	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation
101.DEF	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition
101.LAB	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Labels
101.PRE	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation
**	Pursuant to Rule 406T of Regulation S-T, the Interactive Data Files in Exhibit 101 hereto are deemed not filed or part of a registration statement or prospectus for purposes of Section 11 or 12 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, are deemed not filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and otherwise are not subject to liability under those sections.

32

Special Note Regarding Forward Looking Information

This report, and the documents incorporated by reference into this report contain forward-looking statements. Forward- looking statements deal with our current plans, intentions, beliefs, and expectations, and statements of future economic performance. Statements containing such terms as “believe,” “do not believe,” “plan,” “expect,” “intend,” “estimate,” “anticipate,” and other phrases of similar meaning are considered to contain uncertainty and are forward-looking statements. In addition, from time to time we or our representatives have made or will make forward-looking statements orally or in writing. Furthermore, such forward-looking statements may be included in various filings that we make with the SEC, or in press releases, or in oral statements made by or with the approval of one of our authorized executive officers.

These forward-looking statements are subject to certain known and unknown risks and uncertainties, as well as assumptions that could cause actual results to differ materially from those reflected in these forward-looking statements. Factors that might cause actual results to differ include, but are not limited to, those set forth under the headings “Risk Factors” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in FutureFuel’s Form 10-K Annual Report for the year ended December 31, 2018 and in our future filings made with the SEC. You should not place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements contained in this report which reflect our management’s opinions only as of their respective dates. Except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to revise or publicly release the results of any revisions to forward-looking statements. The risks and uncertainties described in this report and in subsequent filings with the SEC are not the only ones we face. New factors emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for us to predict which will arise. There may be additional risks not presently known to us or that we currently believe are immaterial to our business. In addition, we cannot assess the impact of each factor on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements. If any such risks occur, our business, operating results, liquidity, and financial condition could be materially affected in an adverse manner. You should consult any additional disclosures we have made or will make in our reports to the SEC on Forms 10-K, 10-Q, and 8-K, and any amendments thereto. All subsequent written and oral forward-looking statements attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements contained in this report.

33

S I G N A T U R E S

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

FUTUREFUEL CORP.
By:	/s/ Paul A. Novelly
Paul A. Novelly, Chairman and Chief
Executive Officer
Date: November 8, 2019
By:	/s/ Rose M. Sparks
Rose M. Sparks, Chief Financial Officer
and Principal Financial Officer
Date: November 8, 2019

34

EX-11

Exhibit 11

Statement  of Computation of Per Share Earnings

In the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, FutureFuel computed earnings per share using the treasury method as all shares with participating security holders had vested.  During 2018, FutureFuel had unvested participating shares and computed earnings per share using the two-class method in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification Topic No. 260, Earnings Per Share. The two-class method is an allocation of earnings between the holders of common stock and a company's participating security holders. Our outstanding unvested shares of restricted stock contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends and, therefore, are considered participating securities for purposes of computing earnings per share pursuant to the two-class method. We had no other participating securities at September 30, 2019 or 2018.

Contingently issuable shares associated with outstanding service-based restricted stock units were not included in the earnings per share calculations for the three-month and nine-month period ended September 30, 2018 as the vesting conditions had not been satisfied.  There were no outstanding service-based restricted stock units for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019.

The composition of basic and diluted earnings per share were as follows:

(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

	Three Months Ended September 30,					Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2019		2018			2019		2018
Numerator:
Net income	$	6,622	$	9,445		$	15,808	$	51,322
Less: distributed earnings allocated to non-vested stock		-		-			-		-
Less: undistributed earnings allocated to non-vested restricted stock		-		(4	)		-		(26	)
Numerator for basic earnings per share	$	6,622	$	9,441		$	15,808	$	51,296
Effect of dilutive securities:
Add: undistributed earnings allocated to non-vested restricted stock		-		4			-		26
Less: undistributed earnings reallocated to non-vested restricted stock		-		(4	)		-		(26	)
Numerator for diluted earnings per share	$	6,622	$	9,441		$	15,808	$	51,296
Denominator:
Weighted average shares outstanding – basic		43,743,243		43,724,195			43,743,243		43,719,215
Effect of dilutive securities:
Stock options and other awards		-		8,725			1,910		6,155
Weighted average shares outstanding – diluted		43,743,243		43,732,920			43,745,153		43,725,370
Basic earnings per share	$	0.15	$	0.22		$	0.36	$	1.17
Diluted earnings per share	$	0.15	$	0.22		$	0.36	$	1.17

EX-31.A

Exhibit 31(a)

Certification

I, Paul A. Novelly, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this report on Form 10-Q of FutureFuel Corp. (the "registrant").

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report.

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and the other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report.

4. The registrant's other certifying officers and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under my supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially effect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

5. The registrant's other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors:

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

Date:   November 8, 2019   

/s/ Paul A. Novelly

Paul A. Novelly, Chairman and Chief

Executive Officer

EX-31.B

Exhibit 31(b)

Certification

I, Rose M. Sparks, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this report on Form 10-Q of FutureFuel Corp. (the "registrant").

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report.

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and the other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report.

4. The registrant's other certifying officers and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under my supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially effect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

5. The registrant's other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors:

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant  role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

Date:  November 8, 2019

/s/ Rose M. Sparks

Rose M. Sparks, Chief Financial Officer

and Principal Financial Officer

EX-32

Exhibit  32

Certification  Pursuant to 18

U.S.C. §1350, As Adopted

Pursuant  to

§906 of the Sarbanes -Oxley Act of 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Future Fuel Corp. (the "Company") on Form 10-Q for the period ending September 30, 2019 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the "Report"), the undersigned hereby certify pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350, as adopted pursuant to §906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

1. The Report fully complies with the requirements of §13(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

2. The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

/s/ Paul A. Novelly

Paul A. Novelly,   

Chairman and Chief Executive Officer   

/s/ Rose M. Sparks

Rose M. Sparks, Chief Financial Officer    

and Principal Financial Officer   

November 8, 2019

XML

Note 3 - Revenue Recognition 2 (Details Textual) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2019 USD ($)
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2019-10-01
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Amount	$ 20,224
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Period	1 year
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Percentage	25.00%
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2019-10-01 | Minimum [Member]
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Period	1 year
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2019-10-01 | Maximum [Member]
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Period	5 years
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2020-10-01
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Percentage	75.00%
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2020-10-01 | Minimum [Member]
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Period	1 year
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2020-10-01 | Maximum [Member]
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Period	5 years

XML

Note 4 - Lease Commitments and Short-term Contracts (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2019	Jan. 01, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Operating Lease, Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term	4 years
Operating Lease, Right-of-Use Asset	$ 1,688
Operating Lease, Liability, Current	531
Operating Lease, Liability, Noncurrent	$ 1,157
Accounting Standards Update 2016-02 [Member]
Operating Lease, Right-of-Use Asset		$ 1,641
Operating Lease, Liability, Current		370
Operating Lease, Liability, Noncurrent		$ 1,271
Minimum [Member]
Lessee, Operating Lease, Remaining Lease Term	2 years
Maximum [Member]
Lessee, Operating Lease, Remaining Lease Term	5 years

XML

Note 5 - Inventory - Carrying Values of Inventory (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Finished goods	$ 18,283	$ 23,658
Work in process	1,480	2,100
Raw materials and supplies	30,917	23,909
Inventory, gross	50,680	49,667
LIFO reserve	(7,891)	(10,371)
Total inventory	$ 42,789	$ 39,296

XML

Note 17 - Segment Information - Summary of Business by Segment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended						9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2019	Mar. 31, 2019	Sep. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2018
Revenues	$ 65,684			$ 81,422			$ 185,049	$ 225,505
Gross profit	5,462			12,653			11,994	58,431
Income before interest and taxes	3,275			10,229			5,671	50,636
Interest and other income	4,404			3,358			13,156	6,688
Interest and other expense	(43)			(130)			(130)	(3,666)
Income tax provision	(1,014)			(4,012)			(2,889)	(2,336)
Net income	6,622	$ 3,687	$ 5,499	9,445	$ 6,051	$ 35,826	15,808	51,322
Operating Segments [Member] | Chemicals [Member]
Revenues	28,646			28,022			81,857	88,630
Gross profit	8,488			8,898			22,978	24,470
Operating Segments [Member] | Chemicals [Member] | Custom Chemicals [Member]
Revenues	25,270			23,973			70,935	74,465
Operating Segments [Member] | Chemicals [Member] | Performance Chemicals [Member]
Revenues	3,376			4,049			10,922	14,165
Operating Segments [Member] | Biofuels [Member]
Revenues	37,038			53,400			103,192	136,875
Gross profit	(3,026)			3,755			(10,984)	33,961
Corporate, Non-Segment [Member]
Corporate expenses	$ (2,187)			$ (2,424)			$ (6,323)	$ (7,795)

XML

Note 16 - Earnings Per Share (Details Textual) - shares	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2018
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share, Amount	50,000	0	30,000	20,000
Restricted Stock [Member]
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share, Amount	0	53,405	0	160,218

XML

Note 7 - Marketable Securities (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Notes Tables

Marketable Securities [Table Text Block]

	September 30, 2019
	Adjusted Cost		Unrealized Gains		Unrealized Losses			Fair Value
Exchange-traded debt	$	1,428	$	112	$	(5	)	$	1,535
Trust preferred stock		3,676		147		-			3,823
Total debt securities	$	5,104	$	259	$	(5	)	$	5,358

	December 31, 2018
	Adjusted Cost		Unrealized Gains		Unrealized Losses			Fair Value
Exchange-traded debt	$	1,428	$	37	$	(65	)	$	1,400
Trust preferred stock		3,147		21		(18	)		3,150
Total debt securities	$	4,575	$	58	$	(83	)	$	4,550

Investments Classified by Contractual Maturity Date [Table Text Block]

	September 30 , 201 9
	Adjusted Cost		Fair Value
Due in one year or less	$	-	$	-
Due after one year through five years		-		-
Due after five years through ten years		-		-
Due after ten years		5,104		5,358
Total	$	5,104	$	5,358

XML

Note 3 - Revenue Recognition (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Notes Tables

Contract with Customer, Asset and Liability [Table Text Block]

Contract Assets and Liability Balances	September 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
Trade receivables, which are included in Accounts receivable, net of allowances for bad debts of $0	$	20,045	$	15,496
Contract assets	$	775	$	798
Contract liabilities, which are included in Deferred revenue - short-term	$	5,025	$	4,374
Contract liabilities, which are included in Deferred revenue - long-term	$	15,199	$	15,958

Disaggregation of Revenue [Table Text Block]

	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
Contract revenue from customers with > 1 year arrangements	$	16,331	$	14,587	$	43,470	$	47,745
Contract revenue from customer with < 1 year arrangements		49,298		66,780		141,413		191,154
Revenue from non-contractual arrangements		55		55		166		165
BTC rebate		-		-		-		(13,559	)
Total revenue	$	65,684	$	81,422	$	185,049	$	225,505

	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
Bill-and-hold revenue	$	14,417	$	11,576	$	38,179	$	32,470
Non-bill-and-hold revenue		51,267		69,846		146,870		193,035
Total revenue	$	65,684	$	81,422	$	185,049	$	225,505

XML

Note 15 - Income Tax Provision

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Notes to Financial Statements

Income Tax Disclosure [Text Block]

15   ) INCOME TAX PROVISION

The following table summarizes the income tax provision.  

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
Income tax provision	$	1,014		$	4,012		$	2,889		$	2,336
Effective tax rate		13.3	%		29.8	%		15.5	%		4.4	%

The effective tax rate for the

three

-and

nine

-months ended

September 30, 2019

included a benefit from the

2014,

2015,

and

2016

income tax audit settlements with the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) and a return to provision true-up. The effective tax rate for the

nine

months ended

September 30, 2019

was also favorably impacted from a retroactive research and development credit for a prior year in a state where FutureFuel does significant business.

Comparatively, the effective tax rate for the

nine

months ended

September 30, 2018

reflected the expected tax rate on reported operating income before income tax, including the positive effect of the retroactive reinstatement of the

2017

BTC and Small Agri-biodiesel Producer Tax Credit. The effective tax rate in the

nine

months ended

September 30, 2019

does

not

reflect these credits as they were

not

applicable for

2018

or

2019.

There were

no

unrecognized tax benefits at

September 30, 2019

and unrecognized tax benefits of

$2,804

at

December 31, 2018.

As mentioned above, the Company settled the

2014,

2015,

and

2016

IRS audit through resolution of issues previously provided for as unrecognized tax benefits. 

FutureFuel recorded interest and penalties, net, as a component of income tax provision and had accrued balances of

$748

and

$681

at

September 30, 2019

and

December 31, 2018,

respectively.

XML

Note 11 - Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Notes to Financial Statements

Accounts Payable, Accrued Liabilities, and Other Liabilities Disclosure, Current [Text Block]

11   ) ACCRUED EXPENSES AND OTHER CURRENT LIABILITIES

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities, including those associated with related parties, consisted of the following at:   

	September 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
Accrued employee liabilities	$	2,533	$	1,253
Accrued property, franchise, motor fuel and other taxes		1,860		1,225
Lease liability, current		531		-
Other		303		264
Total	$	5,227	$	2,742

XML

Note 7 - Marketable Securities

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Notes to Financial Statements

Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Marketable Securities [Text Block]

7  ) MARKETABLE SECURITIES

At

September 30, 2019

and

December 31, 2018,

FutureFuel had investments in certain debt securities (trust preferred securities and exchange-traded debt instruments) and in preferred stock and other equity instruments. These investments are classified as current assets in the consolidated balance sheets. FutureFuel has designated the debt securities as being available-for-sale. For the

nine

months ended

September 30, 2019

and

2018,

the change in the fair value of equity securities was reported as gain (loss) on marketable securities as a component of net income.

A

VAILABLE

-

FOR

-

SALE DEBT SECURITIES:

The following comprises the available-for-sale debt securities balances included within marketable securities in the consolidated balance sheets at the respective dates:

	September 30, 2019
	Adjusted Cost		Unrealized Gains		Unrealized Losses			Fair Value
Exchange-traded debt	$	1,428	$	112	$	(5	)	$	1,535
Trust preferred stock		3,676		147		-			3,823
Total debt securities	$	5,104	$	259	$	(5	)	$	5,358

	December 31, 2018
	Adjusted Cost		Unrealized Gains		Unrealized Losses			Fair Value
Exchange-traded debt	$	1,428	$	37	$	(65	)	$	1,400
Trust preferred stock		3,147		21		(18	)		3,150
Total debt securities	$	4,575	$	58	$	(83	)	$	4,550

The aggregate fair value of debt securities with unrealized losses totaled

$256

at

September 30, 2019,

and the aggregate fair value of debt securities with unrealized losses totaled

$2,540

at

December 31, 2018.

FutureFuel had investments in debt securities with a total value of

$256

and

$187

that were in an unrealized loss position for a greater-than-

12

-month period at

September 30, 2019

and

December 31, 2018,

respectively. The unrealized loss position for those securities was 

$5

and

$19,

respectively, at

September 30, 2019

and

December 31, 2018.  

These unrealized losses are interest rate related and therefore considered temporary. FutureFuel will hold these debt securities as they are fully expected to recover. Both unrealized and realized gains and losses are recognized on the specific identification method. There were

no

sales of debt securities in

2019

or

2018.

The adjusted cost basis and fair value of debt securities at

September 30, 2019,

by contractual maturity, are shown below.

	September 30 , 201 9
	Adjusted Cost		Fair Value
Due in one year or less	$	-	$	-
Due after one year through five years		-		-
Due after five years through ten years		-		-
Due after ten years		5,104		5,358
Total	$	5,104	$	5,358

The unrealized gain (loss) on equity securities held for the

three

and

nine

months ended

September 30, 2019

were

$1,730

and

$6,621,

respectively, and for the

three

- and

nine

- months ended

September 2018,

$815

and (

$5,597

), respectively. 

XML

Note 8 - Reclassifications From Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Notes Tables

Schedule of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Table Text Block]

Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income From Unrealized
Gains and Losses on Available-for-Sale Securities
Three Months Ended September 30, 2019 and 2018
( N et of T ax)
	2019		2018
Balance at July 1	$	199	$	145
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications		1		(21	)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income		-		-
Net current-period other comprehensive income		1		(21	)
Balance at September 30	$	200	$	124

Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income From Unrealized
Gains and Losses on Available-for-Sale Securities
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019 and 2018
( Net of T ax)
	2019			2018
Balance at January 1	$	(20	)	$	160
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications		220			(36	)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income		-			-
Net current-period other comprehensive income		220			(36	)
Balance at September 30	$	200		$	124

XML

Note 15 - Income Tax Provision (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Notes Tables

Schedule of Components of Income Tax Expense (Benefit) [Table Text Block]

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
Income tax provision	$	1,014		$	4,012		$	2,889		$	2,336
Effective tax rate		13.3	%		29.8	%		15.5	%		4.4	%

XML

Note 2 - Reinstatement of the Biodiesel Blenders' Tax Credit and Small Agri-biodiesel Producer Tax Credit (Details Textual) - Biodiesel Blenders Credit [Member] - USD ($) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2018	Dec. 31, 2018
Benefit From Tax Credit, Pretax	$ 1,500	$ 28,865
Income Tax Credits and Adjustments		42,424
Owed to Customers [Member]
Income Tax Credits and Adjustments		$ 13,559

XML

Note 12 - Borrowings (Details Textual) - Revolving Credit Facility [Member] - USD ($) $ in Thousands	May 25, 2016	Sep. 30, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Apr. 16, 2015
Long-term Line of Credit, Total		$ 0	$ 0
Regions Bank and PNC Bank N.A. [Member]
Line of Credit Facility, Maximum Borrowing Capacity	$ 165,000			$ 150,000
Line of Credit, Additional Borrowing Capacity	$ 15,000
Line of Credit Facility, Expiration Period	5 years
Line of Credit Facility Sublimit for Letters of Credit	$ 30,000
Line of Credit Facility Swingline Loans	$ 15,000

XML

Note 2 - Reinstatement of the Biodiesel Blenders' Tax Credit and Small Agri-biodiesel Producer Tax Credit

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Notes to Financial Statements

Other Income and Other Expense Disclosure [Text Block]

2   ) R EINSTATEMENT OF THE BIODIESEL BLENDERS’ TAX CREDIT AND SMALL AGRI-BIODIESEL PRODUCER TAX CREDIT

The biodiesel Blenders’ Tax Credit (“BTC”) provides a 

$1.00

 per gallon tax credit to the blender of biomass-based diesel with at least 

0.1%

 petroleum-based diesel fuel.  When in effect, FutureFuel is the blender of record and recognizes the credit as a reduction to cost of goods sold.  The BTC expired on

December 31, 2016

and was

not

reinstated for

2017

until it was signed into law as part of The Bipartisan Budget Act of

2018

passed by Congress on

February 9, 2018. 

As this Act was passed into law in 

2018,

 FutureFuel recognized a net estimated pretax benefit from the reinstatement in the biofuels segment of

$28,865

(a reduction in revenue of

$13,559

for customer rebates (“BTC Rebates”) upon reinstatement and a reduction in cost of goods sold of

$42,424

). The gallons related to this credit were sold in the

twelve

months ended

December 31, 2017.

As part of the law from which the BTC was reinstated, small agri-biodiesel producers with production capacity 

not

 in excess of 

60

 million gallons were eligible for an additional tax credit of 

$0.10

per gallon on the 

first

 

15

 million gallons of agri-biodiesel sold (the “Small Agri-biodiesel Producer Tax Credit”).  The benefit of the Small Agri-biodiesel Producer Tax Credit was recognized as a

$1,500

benefit in the income tax provision in the

nine

-month period ended

September 30, 2018.

Neither the BTC nor the Small Agri-biodiesel Producer Tax Credit have been passed into law for gallons blended and sold in

2018

or

2019.

 

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Note 8 - Reclassifications From Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income - Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended						9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2019	Mar. 31, 2019	Sep. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2018
Balance	$ 398,483	$ 394,779	$ 389,078	$ 388,493	$ 382,292	$ 351,596	$ 389,078	$ 351,596
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income	0			0			0	0
Net current-period other comprehensive income	1	17	202	(21)	43	(58)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income	0			0			0	0
Balance	405,127	398,483	394,779	397,848	388,493	382,292	405,127	397,848
Accounting Standards Update 2016-01 [Member] | Previously Reported [Member]
Balance			389,078				389,078
AOCI Attributable to Parent [Member]
Balance	199	182	(20)	145	102	8,433	(20)	8,433
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications	1			(21)			220	(36)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income
Net current-period other comprehensive income	1	17	202	(21)	43	(58)	220	(36)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income
Balance	$ 200	$ 199	$ 182	124	145	102	$ 200	124
AOCI Attributable to Parent [Member] | Accounting Standards Update 2016-01 [Member] | Previously Reported [Member]
Balance				$ 145		$ 160		$ 160
Balance					$ 145

XML

Note 7 - Marketable Securities (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2018	Dec. 31, 2018
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Fair Value, Total	$ 256		$ 256		$ 2,540
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Twelve Months or Longer, Fair Value	256		256		187
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer, Accumulated Loss	5		5		$ 19
Proceeds from Sale and Maturity of Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Total			0	$ 0
Equity Securities, FV-NI, Unrealized Gain (Loss), Total	$ 1,730	$ 815	$ 6,621	$ (5,597)

XML

Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2018
Revenue	$ 65,684	$ 81,422	$ 185,049	$ 225,505
Gross profit	5,462	12,653	11,994	58,431
Selling, general, and administrative expenses
Compensation expense	661	933	1,996	3,054
Other expense	561	476	1,609	1,482
Related party expense	132	138	391	416
Research and development expenses	833	877	2,327	2,843
Total operating expenses	2,187	2,424	6,323	7,795
Income from operations	3,275	10,229	5,671	50,636
Interest and dividend income	2,718	2,543	7,830	6,688
Interest expense	(43)	(43)	(130)	(129)
Gain (loss) on marketable securities	1,424	815	5,177	(3,273)
Other income (expense)	262	(87)	149	(264)
Other income	4,361	3,228	13,026	3,022
Income before taxes	7,636	13,457	18,697	53,658
Income tax provision	1,014	4,012	2,889	2,336
Net income	$ 6,622	$ 9,445	$ 15,808	$ 51,322
Earnings per common share
Earnings per common share, basic (in dollars per share)	$ 0.15	$ 0.22	$ 0.36	$ 1.17
Earnings per common share, diluted (in dollars per share)	$ 0.15	$ 0.22	$ 0.36	$ 1.17
Weighted average shares outstanding
Weighted average shares outstanding, basic (in shares)	43,743,243	43,724,195	43,743,243	43,719,215
Weighted average shares outstanding, diluted (in shares)	43,743,243	43,732,920	43,745,153	43,725,370
Comprehensive income
Net income	$ 6,622	$ 9,445	$ 15,808	$ 51,322
Other comprehensive income (loss) from unrealized net gains (losses) on available-for-sale debt securities	1	(27)	279	(46)
Income tax effect		6	(59)	10
Total unrealized gains (losses), net of tax	1	(21)	220	(36)
Comprehensive income	6,623	9,424	16,028	51,286
Non-related Parties [Member]
Revenue	65,332	80,588	182,830	223,184
Cost of goods sold	54,037	61,559	155,603	146,916
Non-related Parties [Member] | Shipping and Handling [Member]
Cost of goods sold	1,687	1,512	5,006	4,329
Related Parties [Member]
Revenue	352	834	2,219	2,321
Cost of goods sold	4,455	5,651	12,314	15,682
Related Parties [Member] | Shipping and Handling [Member]
Cost of goods sold	$ 43	$ 47	$ 132	$ 147

XML

Note 10 - Intangible Assets

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Notes to Financial Statements

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Text Block]

10   )  INTANGIBLE ASSET S

In

April

of

2015,

FutureFuel acquired additional historical line space on a pipeline for

$1,408.

The acquired line space was recorded as an intangible asset with an indefinite life as there was

no

foreseeable limit on the time period over which it is expected to contribute to cash flows. The carrying value of the asset was

$1,408

at

September 30, 2019

and

December 31, 2018.

FutureFuel tests the intangible asset for impairment in accordance with Topic

350,

Intangibles-Goodwill and Other

. 

XML

Note 6 - Derivative Instruments

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Notes to Financial Statements

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Text Block]

6  ) DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS

FutureFuel is exposed to certain risks relating to its ongoing business operations. Commodity price risk is the primary risk managed by using derivative instruments. Regulated fixed price futures and options contracts are utilized to manage the price risk associated with future purchases of feedstock used in FutureFuel’s biodiesel production along with physical feedstock and finished product inventories attributed to this process.

FutureFuel recognizes all derivative instruments as either assets or liabilities at fair value in its consolidated balance sheets. FutureFuel’s derivative instruments do

not

qualify for hedge accounting under the specific guidelines of ASC

815

-

20

-

25,

Derivatives and Hedging

.

None

of the derivative instruments are designated and accounted for as hedges primarily as a result of the extensive record keeping requirements.

The fair value of FutureFuel’s derivative instruments is determined based on the closing prices of the derivative instruments on relevant commodity exchanges at the end of an accounting period. Realized gains and losses on derivative instruments and changes in fair value of the derivative instruments are recorded in the statements of operations as a component of cost of goods sold, and amounted to a gain of

$322

for the

three

months ended

September 30, 2019

and a loss of

$676

for the

three

months ended

September 30, 2018,

and a loss of

$711

and

$3,947

for the

nine

months ended

September 30, 2019

and

2018,

respectively.

The volumes and carrying values of FutureFuel’s derivative instruments were as follows at: 

	September 30, 2019				December 31, 2018
	Contract Quantity Short		Fair Value		Contract Quantity Short		Fair Value
Regulated options		-	$	-		100	$	(484	)
Regulated fixed price future commitments		10	$	60		96	$	187

The margin account maintained with a broker to collateralize these derivative instruments carried an account balance of

$128

and

$980

at

September 30, 2019

and

December 31, 2018,

respectively, and was classified as other current assets in the consolidated balance sheets. The carrying values of the margin account and of the derivative instruments are included net, in other current assets.

XML

Note 3 - Revenue Recognition 1 (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2018
Increase (Decrease) in Contract with Customer, Liability	$ (274)	$ (2,672)
Contract with Customer, Liability, Revenue Recognized	3,510
Long-term Supply Arrangement [Member]
Increase (Decrease) in Contract with Customer, Liability	$ 3,402

XML

Note 9 - Fair Value Measurements (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Notes Tables

Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis [Table Text Block]

	Asset
			Fair Value Measurements Using
	Fair Value at		Inputs Considered as:
Description	September 30, 2019		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Derivative instruments	$	60	$	60	$	-	$	-
Preferred stock and other equity instruments	$	70,225	$	70,225	$	-	$	-
Trust preferred stock and exchange-traded debt instruments	$	5,358	$	5,358	$	-	$	-

	Asset (Liability)
				Fair Value Measurements Using
	Fair Value at			Inputs Considered as:
Description	December 31, 2018			Level 1			Level 2		Level 3
Derivative instruments	$	(297	)	$	(297	)	$	-	$	-
Preferred stock and other equity instruments	$	75,338		$	75,338		$	-	$	-
Trust preferred stock and exchange-traded debt instruments,	$	4,550		$	4,550		$	-	$	-

XML

Note 16 - Earnings Per Share (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Notes Tables

Schedule of Earnings Per Share, Basic and Diluted [Table Text Block]

	Three Months Ended September 30,					Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2019		2018			2019		2018
Numerator:
Net income	$	6,622	$	9,445		$	15,808	$	51,322
Less: distributed earnings allocated to non-vested stock		-		-			-		-
Less: undistributed earnings allocated to non-vested restricted stock		-		(4	)		-		(26	)
Numerator for basic earnings per share	$	6,622	$	9,441		$	15,808	$	51,296
Effect of dilutive securities:
Add: undistributed earnings allocated to non-vested restricted stock		-		4			-		26
Less: undistributed earnings reallocated to non-vested restricted stock		-		(4	)		-		(26	)
Numerator for diluted earnings per share	$	6,622	$	9,441		$	15,808	$	51,296
Denominator:
Weighted average shares outstanding – basic		43,743,243		43,724,195			43,743,243		43,719,215
Effect of dilutive securities:
Stock options and other awards		-		8,725			1,910		6,155
Weighted average shares outstanding – diluted		43,743,243		43,732,920			43,745,153		43,725,370
Basic earnings per share	$	0.15	$	0.22		$	0.36	$	1.17
Diluted earnings per share	$	0.15	$	0.22		$	0.36	$	1.17

XML

Document And Entity Information - shares	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2019	Nov. 08, 2019
Document Information [Line Items]
Entity Registrant Name	FUTUREFUEL CORP.
Entity Central Index Key	0001337298
Trading Symbol	ff
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Entity Filer Category	Accelerated Filer
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding (in shares)		43,743,243
Entity Shell Company	false
Document Type	10-Q
Document Period End Date	Sep. 30, 2019
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2019
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q3
Amendment Flag	false
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock

XML

Note 8 - Reclassifications From Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2018
Reclassification from AOCI, Current Period, Net of Tax, Attributable to Parent	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0

XML

Note 6 - Derivative Instruments - Carrying Value of Derivative Instruments (Details) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2019 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2018 USD ($)
Commodity Option [Member]
Contract quantity short		100
Fair value		$ (484)
Future [Member]
Contract quantity short	10	96
Fair value	$ 60	$ 187

XML

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Common Stock [Member]	AOCI Attributable to Parent [Member]	Additional Paid-in Capital [Member]	Retained Earnings [Member]	Total
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2017	43,741,670
Balance at Dec. 31, 2017	$ 4	$ 8,433	$ 281,964	$ 61,195	$ 351,596
Other comprehensive income		(58)			(58)
Net income				35,826	35,826
Stock based compensation, net of tax			107		107
Prior period adjustment: Change in accounting principles at Dec. 31, 2017		(8,273)		3,094	(5,179)
Balance, as adjusted (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2017	43,741,670
Balance, as adjusted at Dec. 31, 2017	$ 4	160	281,964	64,289	346,417
Balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2018	43,741,670
Balance at Mar. 31, 2018	$ 4	102	282,071	100,115	382,292
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2017	43,741,670
Balance at Dec. 31, 2017	$ 4	8,433	281,964	61,195	351,596
Other comprehensive income		(36)
Net income					51,322
Prior period adjustment: Change in accounting principles at Dec. 31, 2017		(8,273)		3,094	(5,179)
Balance, as adjusted (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2017	43,741,670
Balance, as adjusted at Dec. 31, 2017	$ 4	160	281,964	64,289	346,417
Balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2018	43,743,243
Balance at Sep. 30, 2018	$ 4	124	282,109	115,611	397,848
Balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2018	43,741,670
Balance at Mar. 31, 2018	$ 4	102	282,071	100,115	382,292
Other comprehensive income		43			43
Net income				6,051	6,051
Stock based compensation, net of tax			107		107
Balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2018	43,742,677
Balance at Jun. 30, 2018	$ 4	145	282,178	106,166	388,493
Other comprehensive income		(21)			(21)
Net income				9,445	9,445
Stock based compensation, net of tax			(69)		(69)
Stock based compensation, net of tax (in shares)	566
Balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2018	43,743,243
Balance at Sep. 30, 2018	$ 4	124	282,109	115,611	397,848
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2018	43,743,243
Balance at Dec. 31, 2018	$ 4	(20)	282,145	106,949	389,078
Other comprehensive income		202			202
Net income				5,499	5,499
Balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2019	43,743,243
Balance at Mar. 31, 2019	$ 4	182	282,145	112,448	394,779
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2018	43,743,243
Balance at Dec. 31, 2018	$ 4	(20)	282,145	106,949	389,078
Other comprehensive income		220
Net income					15,808
Balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2019	43,743,243
Balance at Sep. 30, 2019	$ 4	200	282,166	122,757	405,127
Balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2019	43,743,243
Balance at Mar. 31, 2019	$ 4	182	282,145	112,448	394,779
Other comprehensive income		17			17
Net income				3,687	3,687
Balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2019	43,743,243
Balance at Jun. 30, 2019	$ 4	199	282,145	116,135	398,483
Other comprehensive income		1			1
Net income				6,622	6,622
Stock based compensation, net of tax			21		21
Balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2019	43,743,243
Balance at Sep. 30, 2019	$ 4	$ 200	$ 282,166	$ 122,757	$ 405,127

XML

Note 11 - Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities - Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Accrued employee liabilities	$ 2,533	$ 1,253
Accrued property, franchise, motor fuel and other taxes	1,860	1,225
Lease liability, current	531
Other	303	264
Total	$ 5,227	$ 2,742

XML

Note 3 - Revenue Recognition

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Notes to Financial Statements

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Text Block]

  3 )  REVENUE RECOGNITION

FutureFuel recognizes revenue in accordance with ASU

2014

-

09,

Revenue from Contracts with Customers

, and related subsequently issued ASUs (“Topic

606”

). Under this standard, FutureFuel recognizes revenue when performance obligations of the customer contract are satisfied. FutureFuel sells to customers through master sales agreements or standalone purchase orders. The majority of FutureFuel's terms of sale have a single performance obligation to transfer products. Accordingly, FutureFuel recognizes revenue when control has been transferred to the customer, generally at the time of shipment or delivery of products. Under the previous revenue recognition accounting standard (“Topic

605”

), FutureFuel recognized revenue upon the transfer of title and risk of loss, generally upon shipment or delivery of goods, although some revenue was recognized on a bill-and-hold basis.

A select number of FutureFuel custom chemical contracts within the chemical segment contain a material right as defined by Topic

606,

from the provision of a customer option to purchase future goods or services at a discounted price as a result of upfront payments provided by customers. Each contract also has a performance obligation to transfer products with

30

-day payment terms. FutureFuel recognizes revenue when the customer takes control of the inventory, either upon shipment or when the material is made available for pickup. FutureFuel has applied the renewal option approach in allocating the transaction price to these material rights and transfer of product. As a basis for allocating the transaction price to the material right and transfer of product, FutureFuel estimated the expected life of the product, the expected contractual volumes to be sold over that life, and the most likely expected sales price. Each estimate is updated quarterly on a prospective basis.

The majority of the Company’s revenue is from short-term contracts with revenue recognized when a single performance obligation to transfer product under the terms of a contract with a customer are satisfied. Accordingly, FutureFuel recognizes revenue when control is transferred to the customer, which is when products are considered to meet customer specification per the customer contract and title and risk of loss are transferred. This typically occurs at the time of shipment or delivery; or for certain contracts, this occurs upon delivery of the material to a FutureFuel storage location, ready for customer pickup and separated from other FutureFuel inventory. Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration FutureFuel expects to receive in exchange for transferring products and is generally based upon a negotiated price. FutureFuel sells its products directly to customers generally under agreements with payment terms of

30

to

75

days for chemical segment customers and

3

to

10

days for biofuels segment customers.

Contract Assets and Liabilities:

Contract assets consist of amounts typically resulting from amounts related to FutureFuel’s contractual right to consideration for completed performance obligations

not

yet invoiced.  Contract assets are recorded as accounts receivable on the consolidated balance sheet. Contract liabilities consist of upfront capital payments from a customer material right. The contract liabilities are recorded as deferred revenue in the consolidated balance sheets and are reduced as FutureFuel transfers product to the customer under the renewal option approach.  “Contract liabilities – short-term” primarily reflects deferred revenue from prepayments from customers for product to be delivered in

12

months or less.  “Contract liabilities – long-term” includes advance payments that FutureFuel has received from customers related to long-term supply contracts that are deferred and recognized over the life of the contract. 

These contract assets and liabilities are reported on the consolidated balance sheets on a contract-by-contract basis at the end of each reporting period.

The following table provides information about receivables, contract assets, and contract liabilities from contracts with customers.

Contract Assets and Liability Balances	September 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
Trade receivables, which are included in Accounts receivable, net of allowances for bad debts of $0	$	20,045	$	15,496
Contract assets	$	775	$	798
Contract liabilities, which are included in Deferred revenue - short-term	$	5,025	$	4,374
Contract liabilities, which are included in Deferred revenue - long-term	$	15,199	$	15,958

The increase in contract liabilities from

December 31, 2018

to

September 30, 2019

was

$3,402

of advanced payments from customers related to long-term supply agreements.  Revenue recognized in the

first

nine

months of

2019

from amounts included in contract liabilities at the beginning of the period was

$3,510.

 

Transaction price allocated to the remaining performance obligations:

At

September 30, 2019,

approximately

$20,224

of revenue is expected to be recognized from remaining performance obligations. FutureFuel expects to recognize this revenue ratably over expected sales over the expected term of its long-term contracts which range from

one

to

five

years. Approximately

25%

of this revenue is expected to be recognized over the next

12

months, and

75%

is expected to be recognized between

one

and

five

years. These amounts are subject to change based upon changes in the estimated contract life and estimated quantities to be sold over the contract life.

The Company applied the practical expedient in ASC

606

-

10

-

50

-

14

and have excluded the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for (i) contracts with an original expected length of

one

year or less; and (ii) contracts for which the Company recognizes revenue at the amount to which it has the right to invoice for services performed.

Disaggregation of revenue - contractual and non-contractual

:

	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
Contract revenue from customers with > 1 year arrangements	$	16,331	$	14,587	$	43,470	$	47,745
Contract revenue from customer with < 1 year arrangements		49,298		66,780		141,413		191,154
Revenue from non-contractual arrangements		55		55		166		165
BTC rebate		-		-		-		(13,559	)
Total revenue	$	65,684	$	81,422	$	185,049	$	225,505

Timing of revenue

:

	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
Bill-and-hold revenue	$	14,417	$	11,576	$	38,179	$	32,470
Non-bill-and-hold revenue		51,267		69,846		146,870		193,035
Total revenue	$	65,684	$	81,422	$	185,049	$	225,505

For both long-term and short-term contracts, FutureFuel has elected to account for shipping and handling as activities to fulfill the promise to transfer the good. As such, shipping and handling fees billed to customers in a sales transaction are recorded in net sales and shipping and handling costs incurred are recorded in cost of goods sold. FutureFuel has elected to exclude from net sales any taxes which it collects concurrent with revenue-producing activities. These accounting policy elections are consistent with the manner in which FutureFuel historically recorded shipping and handling fees and taxes.

XML

Note 6 - Derivative Instruments (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2018	Dec. 31, 2018
Derivative Instruments Not Designated as Hedging Instruments, Gain (Loss), Net, Total	$ 322	$ 676	$ 711	$ 3,947
Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents, Total	$ 128		$ 128		$ 980

XML

Note 3 - Revenue Recognition - Contract Assets and Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Contract assets	$ 775	$ 798
Contract liabilities, which are included in Deferred revenue - short-term	5,025	4,374
Contract liabilities, which are included in Deferred revenue - long-term	15,199	15,958
Trade Accounts Receivable [Member]
Trade receivables, which are included in Accounts receivable, net of allowances for bad debts of $0	$ 20,045	$ 15,496

XML

Note 4 - Lease Commitments and Short-term Contracts - Lease Cost (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2018
Operating lease expense	$ 149	$ 135	$ 427	$ 405
Short-term lease expense	73		165
Cash paid for operating leases	149	135	427	405
Noncash operating leases			$ 432
Weighted average discount rate	4.40%		4.40%

XML

Note 17 - Segment Information - Revenues by Geographical Areas (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2018
Revenues	$ 65,684	$ 81,422	$ 185,049	$ 225,505
UNITED STATES
Revenues	65,340	81,152	183,606	223,943
Non-US [Member]
Revenues	$ 344	$ 270	$ 1,443	$ 1,562

XML

Note 15 - Income Tax Provision - Summary of Provisions for Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2018
Income tax provision	$ 1,014	$ 4,012	$ 2,889	$ 2,336
Effective tax rate	13.30%	29.80%	15.50%	4.40%

XML

Note 18 - Recently Issued Accounting Standards

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Notes to Financial Statements

Description of New Accounting Pronouncements Not yet Adopted [Text Block]

1 8   ) RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING STA NDARDS  

The following table provides a brief description of recent Accounting Standard Updates ("ASU") issued by the FASB:

Standard Description Effective Date Effect on the Financial Statements or Other Significant Matters

In August, 2018 the FASB issued ASU 2018 - 15, Intangibles – Goodwill and Other – Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350 - 40 ):  Customer's Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract	These amendments align the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software (and hosting arrangements that include an internal-use software license). Accordingly, the amendments require an entity (customer) in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract to follow the guidance in Subtopic 350 - 40 to determine which implementation costs to capitalize as an asset related to the service contract and which costs to expense. The amendments also require the entity (customer) to expense the capitalized implementation costs of a hosting arrangement that is a service contract over the term of the hosting arrangement, which includes reasonably certain renewals.	Annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019 and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, including any interim period.	The Company plans to adopt the new guidance effective January 1, 2020.  The new guidance is expected to have minimal impact.
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016 - 13,   Financial Instruments - Credit Losses, Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. In April and May of 2019, FASB issued ASU 2019 - 04 and 2019 - 05 related to codification improvements and targeted transition relief for ASU 2016 - 13	These amendments require the measurement of all expected credit losses for financial assets held at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts. In addition, the ASU amends the accounting for credit losses on available-for-sale debt securities and purchased financial assets with credit deterioration.	Annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019. Earlier adoption was permitted, for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018.	The Company is currently considering the potential impact of this standard on financial reporting and internal controls related to the implementation of the standard as it relates to accounts receivable and debt securities and plans to adopt the new guidance on the effective date of January 1, 2020. The new guidance is expected to have minimal impact.

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Note 14 - Related Party Transactions

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Notes to Financial Statements

Related Party Transactions Disclosure [Text Block]

1 4   ) RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

FutureFuel enters into transactions with companies affiliated with or controlled by a director and significant shareholder. Revenues, expenses, prepaid amounts, and unpaid amounts related to these transactions are captured in the accompanying consolidated financial statements as related party line items.

Related party revenues are the result of sales of biodiesel, petrodiesel, blends, other petroleum products, and other similar or related products to these related parties.  

Related party cost of goods sold and distribution are the result of sales of biodiesel, petrodiesel, blends, and other petroleum products to these related parties along with the associated expense from the purchase of natural gas, storage and terminalling services, and income tax and consulting services by FutureFuel from these related parties.

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Note 6 - Derivative Instruments (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Notes Tables

Schedule of Derivative Instruments [Table Text Block]

	September 30, 2019				December 31, 2018
	Contract Quantity Short		Fair Value		Contract Quantity Short		Fair Value
Regulated options		-	$	-		100	$	(484	)
Regulated fixed price future commitments		10	$	60		96	$	187

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Note 12 - Borrowings (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Notes Tables

Schedule of Long-term Debt Instruments [Table Text Block]

Consolidated Leverage Ratio			Adjusted LIBOR Rate Loans and Letter of Credit Fee			Base Rate Loans			Commitment Fee
< 1.00:1.0				1.25	%		0.25	%		0.15	%
≥ 1.00:1.0	And	< 1.50:1.0		1.50	%		0.50	%		0.20	%
≥ 1.50:1.0	And	< 2.00:1.0		1.75	%		0.75	%		0.25	%
≥ 2.00:1.0	And	< 2.50:1.0		2.00	%		1.00	%		0.30	%
≥ 2.50:1.0				2.25	%		1.25	%		0.35	%

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Note 1 - Nature of Operations and Basis of Presentation (Details Textual)	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2019 a
Area of Land	2,200
Number of Operating Segments	2

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Note 12 - Borrowings

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Notes to Financial Statements

Debt Disclosure [Text Block]

12  ) BORROWINGS

On

April 16, 2015,

FutureFuel, with FutureFuel Chemical as the borrower and certain of FutureFuel’s other subsidiaries as guarantors, entered into a

$150,000

secured and committed credit facility with the lenders party, Regions Bank as administrative agent and collateral agent, and PNC Bank, N.A., as syndication agent. On

May 25, 2016,

FutureFuel increased the credit facility by

$15,000.

The credit facility consists of a

five

-year revolving credit facility in a dollar amount of up to

$165,000,

which includes a sublimit of

$30,000

for letters of credit and

$15,000

for swingline loans (collectively, the “Credit Facility”). The credit facility expires on

April 16, 2020.

The interest rate floats at the following margins over LIBOR or base rate based upon the leverage ratio from time to time:

Consolidated Leverage Ratio			Adjusted LIBOR Rate Loans and Letter of Credit Fee			Base Rate Loans			Commitment Fee
< 1.00:1.0				1.25	%		0.25	%		0.15	%
≥ 1.00:1.0	And	< 1.50:1.0		1.50	%		0.50	%		0.20	%
≥ 1.50:1.0	And	< 2.00:1.0		1.75	%		0.75	%		0.25	%
≥ 2.00:1.0	And	< 2.50:1.0		2.00	%		1.00	%		0.30	%
≥ 2.50:1.0				2.25	%		1.25	%		0.35	%

The terms of the Credit Facility contain certain covenants and conditions including a maximum consolidated leverage ratio, a minimum consolidated fixed charge coverage ratio, and a minimum liquidity requirement. FutureFuel was in compliance with such covenants at

September 30, 2019.

There were

no

borrowings under this credit agreement at

September 30, 2019

or

December 31, 2018.

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Note 8 - Reclassifications From Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Notes to Financial Statements

Comprehensive Income (Loss) Note [Text Block]

8   ) RECLASSIFICATIONS FROM ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME:

The following tables summarize changes in accumulated other comprehensive income from unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities in the

three

- and

nine

-months ended 

September 30, 2019

and

2018.

 

Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income From Unrealized
Gains and Losses on Available-for-Sale Securities
Three Months Ended September 30, 2019 and 2018
( N et of T ax)
	2019		2018
Balance at July 1	$	199	$	145
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications		1		(21	)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income		-		-
Net current-period other comprehensive income		1		(21	)
Balance at September 30	$	200	$	124

Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income From Unrealized
Gains and Losses on Available-for-Sale Securities
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019 and 2018
( Net of T ax)
	2019			2018
Balance at January 1	$	(20	)	$	160
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications		220			(36	)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income		-			-
Net current-period other comprehensive income		220			(36	)
Balance at September 30	$	200		$	124

There were

no

reclassifications from accumulated other comprehensive income in the

three

- and

nine

-months ended

September 30, 2019

and

2018.

 

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Note 4 - Lease Commitments and Short-term Contracts

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Notes to Financial Statements

Lessee, Operating Leases [Text Block]

4 )  LEASE COMMITMENTS AND SHORT-TERM CONTRACTS

The FASB established Topic

842,

Leases

, by issuing Accounting Standards Update (ASU)

No.

2016

-

02,

which requires lessees to recognize leases on-balance sheet and disclose key information about leasing arrangements. The new standard establishes a right-of-use model (ROU) that requires a lessee to recognize a ROU asset and lease liability on the balance sheet for all leases with a term longer than

12

months. ROU assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to make lease payments under the leases.

The Company adopted the new lease standard

January 1, 2019

under the modified retrospective transition approach using the effective date as the date of initial application with the practical expedient election for short-term lease exemption along with the election to

not

separate lease and non-lease components for all leases.

FutureFuel leases railcars under multi-year arrangements primarily for delivery of feedstock and biodiesel within its biofuels segment. The lease fees are fixed, with

no

option to purchase and

no

upfront fees nor residual value guarantees. All railcar leases are direct and

no

subleases exist. FutureFuel determines lease existence and classification at inception when an agreement conveys the right to control identified property for a period of time in exchange for consideration. The Company’s leases have remaining terms from

two

to

five

years with a weighted average remaining term of

four

years. As operating leases do

not

provide a readily determinable implicit interest rate, the Company uses an incremental borrowing rate based on information available at the commencement date in determining present value of the lease payments. On

January 1, 2019,

an ROU asset and ROU liability was reported as other noncurrent assets of

$1,641

and other current liabilities and other noncurrent liabilities of

$370

and

$1,271,

respectively.

Following are supplemental income statement and cash flow information related to leases at

September 30, 2019.

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
Operating lease expense	$	149	$	135	$	427	$	405
Short-term lease expense	$	73	$	-	$	165	$	-
Cash paid for operating leases	$	149	$	135	$	427	$	405
ROU assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations	$	-	$	-	$	432	$	-
Weighted average discount rate	4.4% per annum			N/A	4.4% per annum			N/A

Following are supplemental balance sheet information related to leases at

September 30, 2019.

Operating lease ROU assets:
Other noncurrent assets	$	1,688
Total operating lease assets	$	1,688
Operating lease liabilities:
Other current liabilities	$	531
Other noncurrent liabilities		1,157
Total operating lease liabilities	$	1,688

Following are maturities of lease liabilities at

September 30, 2019.

2019	$	130
2020		595
2021		388
2022		370
2023		319
2024		32
Total	$	1,834
Less: imputed interest		146
Present value of lease payments	$	1,688

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Consolidated Balance Sheets (Current Period Unaudited) (Parentheticals) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Allowance for bad debt	$ 0	$ 0
Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	5,000,000	5,000,000
Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)	0	0
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	0	0
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)	75,000,000	75,000,000
Common stock, shares issued (in shares)	43,743,243	43,743,243
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	43,743,243	43,743,243

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Note 9 - Fair Value Measurements - Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on Recurring Basis (Details) - USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Trust preferred stock and exchange-traded debt instruments	$ 5,358,000	$ 4,550,000
Fair Value, Recurring [Member]
Derivative instruments	60,000	(297,000)
Preferred stock and other equity instruments	70,225,000	75,338,000
Trust preferred stock and exchange-traded debt instruments	5,358,000	4,550,000
Fair Value, Recurring [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Derivative instruments	60,000	(297,000)
Preferred stock and other equity instruments	70,225,000	75,338,000
Trust preferred stock and exchange-traded debt instruments	5,358,000	4,550,000
Fair Value, Recurring [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Derivative instruments
Preferred stock and other equity instruments
Trust preferred stock and exchange-traded debt instruments
Fair Value, Recurring [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
Derivative instruments
Preferred stock and other equity instruments
Trust preferred stock and exchange-traded debt instruments

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Note 7 - Marketable Securities - Marketable Securities (Details) - USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Adjusted Cost	$ 5,104,000	$ 4,575,000
Unrealized Gains	259,000	58,000
Unrealized Losses	(5,000)	(83,000)
Fair Value	5,358,000	4,550,000
Corporate Debt Securities [Member]
Adjusted Cost	1,428,000	1,428,000
Unrealized Gains	112,000	37,000
Unrealized Losses	(5,000)	(65,000)
Fair Value	1,535,000	1,400,000
Trust Preferred Securities [Member]
Adjusted Cost	3,676,000	3,147,000
Unrealized Gains	147,000	21,000
Unrealized Losses		(18,000)
Fair Value	$ 3,823,000	$ 3,150

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Note 1 - Nature of Operations and Basis of Presentation

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Notes to Financial Statements

Nature of Operations [Text Block]

1   ) NATURE OF OPERATIONS AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION

Organization

FutureFuel Corp. (“FutureFuel” or “the Company”), through its wholly-owned subsidiary, FutureFuel Chemical Company (“FutureFuel Chemical”), owns and operates a chemical production facility located on approximately

2,200

acres of land

six

miles southeast of Batesville in north central Arkansas fronting the White River (the “Batesville Plant”). FutureFuel Chemical manufactures diversified chemical products, biobased products comprised of biofuels, and biobased specialty chemical products. FutureFuel Chemical’s operations are reported in

two

segments: chemicals and biofuels.

The chemical segment manufactures a diversified portfolio of chemical products that are sold to

third

party customers. The majority of the revenues from the chemical segment are derived from the custom manufacturing of specialty chemicals for specific customers.

The biofuels segment primarily produces and sells biodiesel. FutureFuel Chemical also sells petrodiesel in blends with the Company’s biodiesel and, from time to time, with

no

biodiesel added. FutureFuel Chemical is a shipper of refined petroleum products on common carrier pipelines and buys and sells petroleum products to maintain an active shipper status on these pipelines.

Basis

of

Presentation

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared by FutureFuel in accordance and consistent with the accounting policies stated in FutureFuel’s

2018

audited consolidated financial statements and should be read in conjunction with the

2018

audited consolidated financial statements of FutureFuel. Certain reclassifications were made to prior year amounts to conform to the

2019

presentation.

In the opinion of FutureFuel, all normal recurring adjustments necessary for a fair presentation have been included in the unaudited consolidated financial statements. The unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in compliance with the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with instructions to Form

10

-Q adopted by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Accordingly, the financial statements do

not

include all the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements, and do include amounts that are based upon management estimates and judgments. Future actual results could differ from such current estimates. The unaudited consolidated financial statements include assets, liabilities, revenues, and expenses of FutureFuel and its direct and indirect wholly owned subsidiaries; namely, FutureFuel Chemical Company, FFC Grain, L.L.C., FutureFuel Warehouse Company, L.L.C., and Legacy Regional Transport, L.L.C. Intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.

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Note 16 - Earnings Per Share - Computation of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Common Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended						9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2019	Mar. 31, 2019	Sep. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2018
Net income	$ 6,622	$ 3,687	$ 5,499	$ 9,445	$ 6,051	$ 35,826	$ 15,808	$ 51,322
Less: distributed earnings allocated to non-vested stock
Less: undistributed earnings allocated to non-vested restricted stock				(4)				(26)
Numerator for basic earnings per share	6,622			9,441			15,808	51,296
Add: undistributed earnings allocated to non-vested restricted stock				4				26
Less: undistributed earnings reallocated to non-vested restricted stock				(4)				(26)
Numerator for diluted earnings per share	$ 6,622			$ 9,441			$ 15,808	$ 51,296
Weighted average shares outstanding – basic (in shares)	43,743,243			43,724,195			43,743,243	43,719,215
Stock options and other awards (in shares)				8,725			1,910	6,155
Weighted average shares outstanding – diluted (in shares)	43,743,243			43,732,920			43,745,153	43,725,370
Basic earnings per share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.15			$ 0.22			$ 0.36	$ 1.17
Diluted earnings per share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.15			$ 0.22			$ 0.36	$ 1.17

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Note 12 - Borrowings - Leverage Ratio (Details)	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2019
Leverage Ratio1 [Member]
Commitment Fee	0.15%
Leverage Ratio1 [Member] | London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) [Member]
Spread on variable rate	1.25%
Leverage Ratio1 [Member] | Base Rate [Member]
Spread on variable rate	0.25%
Leverage Ratio1 [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Leverage ratio	1
Leverage Ratio 2 [Member]
Commitment Fee	0.20%
Leverage Ratio 2 [Member] | London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) [Member]
Spread on variable rate	1.50%
Leverage Ratio 2 [Member] | Base Rate [Member]
Spread on variable rate	0.50%
Leverage Ratio 2 [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Leverage ratio	1.5
Leverage Ratio 2 [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Leverage ratio	1
Leverage Ratio 3 [Member]
Commitment Fee	0.25%
Leverage Ratio 3 [Member] | London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) [Member]
Spread on variable rate	1.75%
Leverage Ratio 3 [Member] | Base Rate [Member]
Spread on variable rate	0.75%
Leverage Ratio 3 [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Leverage ratio	2
Leverage Ratio 3 [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Leverage ratio	1.5
Leverage Ratio 4 [Member]
Commitment Fee	0.30%
Leverage Ratio 4 [Member] | London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) [Member]
Spread on variable rate	2.00%
Leverage Ratio 4 [Member] | Base Rate [Member]
Spread on variable rate	1.00%
Leverage Ratio 4 [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Leverage ratio	2.5
Leverage Ratio 4 [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Leverage ratio	2
Leverage Ratio 5 [Member]
Commitment Fee	0.35%
Leverage Ratio 5 [Member] | London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) [Member]
Spread on variable rate	2.25%
Leverage Ratio 5 [Member] | Base Rate [Member]
Spread on variable rate	1.25%
Leverage Ratio 5 [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Leverage ratio	2.5

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Note 3 - Revenue Recognition - Disaggregation of Revenue (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2018
Revenue	$ 65,684	$ 81,422	$ 185,049	$ 225,505
Revenue from non-contractual arrangements	55	55	166	165
BTC rebate				(13,559)
Bill and Hold Revenue [Member]
Revenue	14,417	11,576	38,179	32,470
Non-bill and Hold Revenue [Member]
Revenue	51,267	69,846	146,870	193,035
Long-term Contract Revenue [Member]
Revenue	16,331	14,587	43,470	47,745
Short-term Contract Revenue [Member]
Revenue	$ 49,298	$ 66,780	$ 141,413	$ 191,154

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Note 4 - Lease Commitments and Short-term Contracts - Maturities of Lease Liabilities (Details) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2019 USD ($)
2019	$ 130
2020	595
2021	388
2022	370
2023	319
2024	32
Total	1,834
Less: imputed interest	146
Present value of lease payments	$ 1,688

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Note 4 - Lease Commitments and Short-term Contracts (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Notes Tables

Lease, Cost [Table Text Block]

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
Operating lease expense	$	149	$	135	$	427	$	405
Short-term lease expense	$	73	$	-	$	165	$	-
Cash paid for operating leases	$	149	$	135	$	427	$	405
ROU assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations	$	-	$	-	$	432	$	-
Weighted average discount rate	4.4% per annum			N/A	4.4% per annum			N/A

Supplemental Balance Sheet Disclosures, Leases [Table Text Block]

Operating lease ROU assets:
Other noncurrent assets	$	1,688
Total operating lease assets	$	1,688
Operating lease liabilities:
Other current liabilities	$	531
Other noncurrent liabilities		1,157
Total operating lease liabilities	$	1,688

Lessee, Operating Lease, Liability, Maturity [Table Text Block]

2019	$	130
2020		595
2021		388
2022		370
2023		319
2024		32
Total	$	1,834
Less: imputed interest		146
Present value of lease payments	$	1,688

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Note 16 - Earnings Per Share

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Notes to Financial Statements

Earnings Per Share [Text Block]

16   ) EARNINGS PER SHARE

In the

three

- and

nine

-months ended

September 30, 2019,

FutureFuel used the treasury method in computing earnings per share as all shares with participating security holders had vested and thus, the

two

class method was unnecessary. During

2018,

FutureFuel had unvested participating shares and computed earnings per share using the

two

-class method in accordance with ASC Topic

260,

Earnings per Share

. The

two

-class method is an allocation of earnings between the holders of common stock and a company’s participating security holders. Outstanding unvested shares of restricted stock contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends and, therefore, are considered participating securities for purposes of computing earnings per share pursuant to the

two

-class method. There were

no

other participating securities at

September 30, 2019

or

2018.

FutureFuel had shares contingently issuable of

53,405

and

160,218

associated with outstanding service-based restricted stock units for the

three

- and

nine

-month periods ended

September 30, 2018,

respectively. These shares were

not

included in the earnings per share calculations as the vesting conditions had

not

been satisfied. There were

no

outstanding service-based restricted stock units for the

three

- and

nine

-months ended

September 30, 2019.

Basic and diluted earnings per common share were computed as follows:  

	Three Months Ended September 30,					Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2019		2018			2019		2018
Numerator:
Net income	$	6,622	$	9,445		$	15,808	$	51,322
Less: distributed earnings allocated to non-vested stock		-		-			-		-
Less: undistributed earnings allocated to non-vested restricted stock		-		(4	)		-		(26	)
Numerator for basic earnings per share	$	6,622	$	9,441		$	15,808	$	51,296
Effect of dilutive securities:
Add: undistributed earnings allocated to non-vested restricted stock		-		4			-		26
Less: undistributed earnings reallocated to non-vested restricted stock		-		(4	)		-		(26	)
Numerator for diluted earnings per share	$	6,622	$	9,441		$	15,808	$	51,296
Denominator:
Weighted average shares outstanding – basic		43,743,243		43,724,195			43,743,243		43,719,215
Effect of dilutive securities:
Stock options and other awards		-		8,725			1,910		6,155
Weighted average shares outstanding – diluted		43,743,243		43,732,920			43,745,153		43,725,370
Basic earnings per share	$	0.15	$	0.22		$	0.36	$	1.17
Diluted earnings per share	$	0.15	$	0.22		$	0.36	$	1.17

Certain options to purchase FutureFuel’s common stock were

not

included in the computation of diluted earnings per share because they were anti-dilutive in the period. For the

three

- and

nine

-months ended

September 30, 2019,

50,000

and

30,000

options were excluded on a weighted average basis, respectively. There were

no

options excluded on this basis for the

three

-months ended

September 30, 2018.

The weighted average number of options excluded on this basis was

20,000

for the

nine

-months ended

September 30, 2018.

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Note 17 - Segment Information (Details Textual)	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2019
Number of Reportable Segments	2
Chemicals [Member]
Number of Reportable Segments	2

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Note 15 - Income Tax Provision (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Unrecognized Tax Benefits, Ending Balance	$ 0	$ 2,804
Unrecognized Tax Benefits, Income Tax Penalties and Interest Accrued, Total	$ 748	$ 681

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Note 3 - Revenue Recognition - Contract Assets and Liabilities (Details) (Parentheticals) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Trade Accounts Receivable [Member]
Trade receivable, allowance for bad debts	$ 0	$ 0

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Note 4 - Lease Commitments and Short-term Contracts - Supplemental Balance Sheet Information Related to Leases (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Other noncurrent assets	$ 1,688
Total operating lease assets	1,688
Operating Lease, Liability, Current	531
Operating Lease, Liability, Noncurrent	$ 1,157

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Note 5 - Inventory (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Notes Tables

Schedule of Inventory, Current [Table Text Block]

	September 30, 2019			December 31, 2018
At average cost (approximates current cost)
Finished goods	$	18,283		$	23,658
Work in process		1,480			2,100
Raw materials and supplies		30,917			23,909
		50,680			49,667
LIFO reserve		(7,891	)		(10,371	)
Total inventory	$	42,789		$	39,296

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Note 17 - Segment Information

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Notes to Financial Statements

Segment Reporting Disclosure [Text Block]

17   ) SEGMENT INFORMATION

FutureFuel has

two

reportable segments organized along similar product groups – chemicals and biofuels.

Chemicals

FutureFuel’s chemical segment manufactures diversified chemical products that are sold externally to

third

party customers. This segment is comprised of

two

components: “custom manufacturing” (manufacturing chemicals for specific customers) and “performance chemicals” (multi-customer specialty chemicals).

Biofuels

FutureFuel’s biofuels segment primarily manufactures and markets biodiesel. Biodiesel revenues are generated through the sale of biodiesel to customers through FutureFuel’s distribution network at the Batesville Plant, through distribution facilities available at leased oil storage facilities, and through a network of remotely located tanks. Biofuels revenues also include the sale of biodiesel blends with petrodiesel; petrodiesel with

no

biodiesel added; internally generated, separated Renewable Identification Numbers (“RINs”); biodiesel production byproducts; and the purchase and sale of other petroleum products on common carrier pipelines.  Biodiesel selling prices and profitability can at times fluctuate based on the timing of unsold, internally generated RINs. FutureFuel does

not

allocate production costs to internally generated RINs, and, from time to time, can enter into sales of biodiesel on a “RINs-free” basis, resulting in FutureFuel maintaining possession of the applicable RINs from the sale. The benefit derived from the eventual sale of the RINs is

not

reflected in results of operations until such time as the RINs sale has been completed, which

may

lead to variability in reported operating results.

Summary

of long-lived

assets

and

revenues

by

geographic area

All of FutureFuel’s long-lived assets are located in the United States.

Most of FutureFuel’s sales are transacted with control and title passing at the time of shipment from the Batesville Plant, although some sales are transacted with control and title passing at the delivery point. While many of FutureFuel’s chemicals are utilized to manufacture products that are shipped, further processed, and/or consumed throughout the world, the chemical products, with limited exceptions, generally leave the United States only after ownership has transferred from FutureFuel to the customer. FutureFuel is rarely the exporter of record, never the importer of record into foreign countries, and is

not

always aware of the exact quantities of its products that are moved into foreign markets by its customers. FutureFuel does track the addresses of its customers for invoicing purposes and uses this address to determine whether a particular sale is within or outside the United States. FutureFuel’s revenues attributable to the United States and foreign countries (based upon the billing addresses of its customers) were as follows: 
 

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
United States	$	65,340	$	81,152	$	183,606	$	223,943
All Foreign Countries		344		270		1,443		1,562
Total	$	65,684	$	81,422	$	185,049	$	225,505

Revenues from a single foreign country during the 

three

- and

nine

-months ended

September 30, 2019

and

2018

did

not

exceed

1%

of total revenues.    

Summary of

business

by

segment

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
Revenue
Custom chemicals	$	25,270		$	23,973		$	70,935		$	74,465
Performance chemicals		3,376			4,049			10,922			14,165
Chemicals revenue		28,646			28,022			81,857			88,630
Biofuels revenue		37,038			53,400			103,192			136,875
Total Revenue	$	65,684		$	81,422		$	185,049		$	225,505
Segment gross profit (loss)
Chemicals	$	8,488		$	8,898		$	22,978		$	24,470
Biofuels		(3,026	)		3,755			(10,984	)		33,961
Total gross profit		5,462			12,653			11,994			58,431
Corporate expenses		(2,187	)		(2,424	)		(6,323	)		(7,795	)
Income before interest and taxes		3,275			10,229			5,671			50,636
Interest and other income		4,404			3,358			13,156			6,688
Interest and other expense		(43	)		(130	)		(130	)		(3,666	)
Income tax provision		(1,014	)		(4,012	)		(2,889	)		(2,336	)
Net income	$	6,622		$	9,445		$	15,808		$	51,322

Depreciation is allocated to segment costs of goods sold based on plant usage. The total assets and capital expenditures of FutureFuel have

not

been allocated to individual segments as large portions of these assets are shared to varying degrees by each segment, causing such an allocation to be of little value.

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Note 11 - Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Notes Tables

Schedule of Accrued Liabilities [Table Text Block]

	September 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
Accrued employee liabilities	$	2,533	$	1,253
Accrued property, franchise, motor fuel and other taxes		1,860		1,225
Lease liability, current		531		-
Other		303		264
Total	$	5,227	$	2,742

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Note 17 - Segment Information (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Notes Tables

Schedule of Revenue from External Customers Attributed to Foreign Countries by Geographic Area [Table Text Block]

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
United States	$	65,340	$	81,152	$	183,606	$	223,943
All Foreign Countries		344		270		1,443		1,562
Total	$	65,684	$	81,422	$	185,049	$	225,505

Schedule of Segment Reporting Information, by Segment [Table Text Block]

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
Revenue
Custom chemicals	$	25,270		$	23,973		$	70,935		$	74,465
Performance chemicals		3,376			4,049			10,922			14,165
Chemicals revenue		28,646			28,022			81,857			88,630
Biofuels revenue		37,038			53,400			103,192			136,875
Total Revenue	$	65,684		$	81,422		$	185,049		$	225,505
Segment gross profit (loss)
Chemicals	$	8,488		$	8,898		$	22,978		$	24,470
Biofuels		(3,026	)		3,755			(10,984	)		33,961
Total gross profit		5,462			12,653			11,994			58,431
Corporate expenses		(2,187	)		(2,424	)		(6,323	)		(7,795	)
Income before interest and taxes		3,275			10,229			5,671			50,636
Interest and other income		4,404			3,358			13,156			6,688
Interest and other expense		(43	)		(130	)		(130	)		(3,666	)
Income tax provision		(1,014	)		(4,012	)		(2,889	)		(2,336	)
Net income	$	6,622		$	9,445		$	15,808		$	51,322

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Note 9 - Fair Value Measurements

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Notes to Financial Statements

Fair Value Disclosures [Text Block]

9 )  FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

Fair value is defined as the exit price, or the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants as of the measurement date. Fair value accounting pronouncements also include a hierarchy for inputs used in measuring fair value that maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs by requiring that the most observable inputs be used when available. Observable inputs are inputs market participants would use in valuing the asset or liability developed based on market data obtained from sources independent of FutureFuel. Unobservable inputs are inputs that reflect FutureFuel’s assumptions about the factors market participants would use in valuing the asset or liability developed based upon the best information available in the circumstances. The hierarchy is broken down into

three

levels. Level

1

inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level

2

inputs include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are

not

active, and inputs (other than quoted prices) that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. Level

3

inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability. Categorization within the valuation hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

The following tables provide information by level for assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value, on a recurring basis, at

September 30, 2019

and

December 31, 2018. 

	Asset
			Fair Value Measurements Using
	Fair Value at		Inputs Considered as:
Description	September 30, 2019		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Derivative instruments	$	60	$	60	$	-	$	-
Preferred stock and other equity instruments	$	70,225	$	70,225	$	-	$	-
Trust preferred stock and exchange-traded debt instruments	$	5,358	$	5,358	$	-	$	-

	Asset (Liability)
				Fair Value Measurements Using
	Fair Value at			Inputs Considered as:
Description	December 31, 2018			Level 1			Level 2		Level 3
Derivative instruments	$	(297	)	$	(297	)	$	-	$	-
Preferred stock and other equity instruments	$	75,338		$	75,338		$	-	$	-
Trust preferred stock and exchange-traded debt instruments,	$	4,550		$	4,550		$	-	$	-

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Note 5 - Inventory

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Notes to Financial Statements

Inventory Disclosure [Text Block]

5   ) INVENTORY

The carrying values of inventory were as follows as of:   

	September 30, 2019			December 31, 2018
At average cost (approximates current cost)
Finished goods	$	18,283		$	23,658
Work in process		1,480			2,100
Raw materials and supplies		30,917			23,909
		50,680			49,667
LIFO reserve		(7,891	)		(10,371	)
Total inventory	$	42,789		$	39,296

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Note 13 - Legal Matters

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Notes to Financial Statements

Legal Matters and Contingencies [Text Block]

1 3 ) LEGAL MATTERS

From time to time, FutureFuel and its operations are parties to, or targets of, lawsuits, claims, investigations, regulatory matters, and proceedings, which are being handled and defended in the ordinary course of business. While FutureFuel is unable to predict the outcomes of these matters, it does

not

believe, based upon currently available facts, that the ultimate resolution of any such pending matters will have a material adverse effect on its overall financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.

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Consolidated Balance Sheets (Current Period Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 235,945	$ 214,972
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for bad debts of $0	20,820	16,294
Accounts receivable – related parties	22	1,844
Inventory	42,789	39,296
Income tax receivable	367	6,858
Prepaid expenses	510	1,767
Prepaid expenses – related parties	12	12
Marketable securities	75,583	79,888
Deferred financing costs	72	144
Other current assets	870	1,255
Total current assets	376,990	362,330
Property, plant and equipment, net	100,320	103,575
Intangible assets	1,408	1,408
Deferred financing costs		36
Other noncurrent assets	5,548	3,806
Total noncurrent assets	107,276	108,825
Total Assets	484,266	471,155
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Accounts payable	25,632	19,981
Accounts payable – related parties	972	1,689
Deferred revenue – short-term	5,232	4,581
Dividends payable	2,625	10,498
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	5,227	2,742
Total current liabilities	39,688	39,491
Deferred revenue – long-term	19,394	20,319
Noncurrent deferred income tax liability	17,813	18,026
Other noncurrent liabilities	2,244	4,241
Total noncurrent liabilities	39,451	42,586
Total liabilities	79,139	82,077
Commitments and contingencies
Preferred stock, $0.0001 par value, 5,000,000 shares authorized, none issued and outstanding
Common stock, $0.0001 par value, 75,000,000 shares authorized, 43,743,243, issued and outstanding at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018	4	4
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	200	(20)
Additional paid in capital	282,166	282,145
Retained earnings	122,757	106,949
Total stockholders’ equity	405,127	389,078
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity	$ 484,266	471,155
Accounting Standards Update 2016-01 [Member] | Previously Reported [Member]
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Total stockholders’ equity		$ 389,078

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Note 10 - Intangible Assets (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	1 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2015	Sep. 30, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Payments to Acquire Intangible Assets	$ 1,408
Intangible Assets, Net (Excluding Goodwill), Total		$ 1,408	$ 1,408

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Note 7 - Marketable Securities - Adjusted Cost Basis and Fair Value of Debt Securities By Contractual Maturity (Details) - USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Due in one year or less, adjusted cost
Due in one year or less, fair value
Due after one year through five years, adjusted cost
Due after one year through five years, fair value
Due after five years through ten years, adjusted cost
Due after five years through ten years, fair value
Due after ten years, adjusted cost	5,104,000
Due after ten years, fair value	5,358,000
Total, adjusted cost	5,104,000	$ 4,575,000
Total, fair value	$ 5,358,000	$ 4,550,000

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Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2018
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income	$ 15,808	$ 51,322
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash from operating activities:
Depreciation	9,092	8,502
Amortization of deferred financing costs	108	108
Benefit for deferred income taxes	(273)	(3,609)
Change in fair value of equity securities	(6,621)	5,597
Change in fair value of derivative instruments	(357)	(2,290)
Loss (gain) on the sale of investments	1,444	(2,324)
Stock based compensation	21	321
(Gain) loss on disposal of property and equipment	(11)	41
Noncash interest expense	22	22
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	(4,526)	3,031
Accounts receivable – related parties	1,822	(2,382)
Inventory	(3,493)	(4,251)
Income tax receivable	6,491	6,458
Prepaid expenses	1,257	1,190
Other assets	221	(247)
Accounts payable	5,951	13,018
Accounts payable - related parties	(717)	1,949
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	1,904	5,385
Increase (Decrease) in Contract with Customer, Liability	(274)	(2,672)
Other noncurrent liabilities	(3,511)
Net cash provided by operating activities	24,358	79,169
Cash flows from investing activities
Collateralization of derivative instruments	852	2,384
Purchase of marketable securities	(19,200)	(19,664)
Proceeds from the sale of marketable securities	28,962	33,942
Proceeds from the sale of property and equipment	13	22
Capital expenditures	(6,139)	(3,084)
Net cash provided by investing activities	4,488	13,600
Cash flows from financing activities
Minimum tax withholding on stock options exercised and awards vested		(176)
Payment of dividends	(7,873)	(7,872)
Net cash used in financing activities	(7,873)	(8,048)
Net change in cash and cash equivalents	20,973	84,721
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	214,972	114,627
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	235,945	199,348
Cash paid for interest
Cash paid for income taxes	1,076	1,506
Noncash investing and financing activities:
Noncash capital expenditures	42
Noncash operating leases	$ 432