S-3 1 forms-3.htm

 

As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 23, 2024

 

Registration No. 333-          

 

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

 

 

FORM S-3

REGISTRATION STATEMENT

UNDER

THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

 

 

 

LIXTE BIOTECHNOLOGY HOLDINGS, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

 

 

Delaware   20-2903526

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)

 

680 East Colorado Boulevard, Suite 180

Pasadena, California 91101

(631) 830-7092

(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant’s principal executive offices)

 

 

 

Bas van der Baan

Chief Executive Officer

Lixte Biotechnology Holdings, Inc.

680 East Colorado Boulevard, Suite 180

Pasadena, California 91101

(631) 830-7092

(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)

 

With copies to:

 

David Ficksman

TroyGould PC

1801 Century Park East

16th Floor

Los Angeles, California 90067

(310) 553-4441

 

 

 

Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public:

 

From time to time after the effective date of this registration statement.

 

If the only securities being registered on this Form are being offered pursuant to dividend or interest reinvestment plans, please check the following box. ☐

 

If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, other than securities offered only in connection with dividend or interest reinvestment plans, check the following box. ☒

 

If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐

 

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐

 

If this Form is a registration statement pursuant to General Instruction I.D. or a post-effective amendment thereto that shall become effective upon filing with the Commission pursuant to Rule 462(e) under the Securities Act, check the following box. ☐

 

If this Form is a post-effective amendment to a registration statement filed pursuant to General Instruction I.D. filed to register additional securities or additional classes of securities pursuant to Rule 413(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box. ☐

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

 

Large accelerated filer Accelerated filer
Non-accelerated filer Smaller reporting company
    Emerging growth company

 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act. ☐

 

 

 

The registrant hereby amends this registration statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this registration statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 or until the registration statement shall become effective on such date as the Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.

 

 

 

 

 

 

EXPLANATORY NOTE

 

We are filing this registration statement on Form S-3 with the Securities and Exchange Commission using a “shelf” registration process to replace our prior registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-252430) originally filed on January 26, 2021 and declared effective on February 5, 2021 (the “Prior Registration Statement”), in accordance with applicable Securities and Exchange Commission regulations.

 

The registration statement contains two prospectuses:

 

  A base prospectus covering the offering, issuance and sale by the registrant of up to a maximum aggregate offering price of $50,000,000 of the registrant’s common stock, preferred stock, debt securities, warrants, rights, and/or units; and
  A prospectus covering the offering, issuance and sale of up to 583,334 shares of common stock from time to time, pursuant to the exercise of common stock warrants issued to the selling stockholder identified herein.

 

The base prospectus immediately follows this explanatory note. The specific terms of any securities to be offered pursuant to the base prospectus will be specified in a prospectus supplement to the base prospectus.

 

The prospectus relating to the offer and sale by the selling stockholder immediately follows the base prospectus. In the event that all of the shares covered by such prospectus are not sold, any remaining shares will be available for sale in other offerings pursuant to the base prospectus and a corresponding prospectus supplement.

 

 

 

 

The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities, and it is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities, in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.

 

Subject to Completion, dated April 23, 2024

 

PROSPECTUS

 

LIXTE BIOTECHNOLOGY HOLDINGS, INC.

 

$50,000,000

Common Stock

Preferred Stock

Debt Securities

Warrants

Rights

Units

 

From time to time, we may offer and sell up to an aggregate amount of $50,000,000 of any combination of the securities described in this prospectus in one or more offerings. We may also offer securities as may be issuable upon conversion, redemption, repurchase, exchange or exercise of any securities registered hereunder, including any applicable antidilution provisions. We may sell the securities to or through underwriters and also to other purchasers or through agents. The names of any underwriters or agents, and any fees, discounts or other compensation payable to them will be set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement accompanying this prospectus.

 

We will provide the specific terms of these offerings in one or more supplements to this prospectus. We may also authorize one or more free writing prospectuses to be provided to you in connection with these offerings. The prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus may also update or change information contained in this prospectus. You should carefully read this prospectus, the applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus, as well as any documents incorporated by reference, before buying any of the securities being offered.

 

Our common stock is listed on The Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “LIXT”. On April 19, 2024, the last reported sale price of our common stock on The Nasdaq Capital Market was $3.47 per share. As of April 19, 2024, the aggregate market value of our outstanding shares of Common Stock held by non-affiliates was $7,606,053 based on 2,249,290 shares of common stock outstanding, of which 2,191,946 shares were held by non-affiliates on such date, and based on a closing sale price of our common stock of $3.47 per share on that date. Pursuant to General Instruction I.B.6 of Form S-3, in no event will we sell securities in a public primary offering with a value exceeding 1/3 of our public float in any 12-month period so long as our public float remains below $75,000,000.

 

These securities may be sold directly by us, through dealers or agents designated from time to time, to or through underwriters, dealers, or through a combination of these methods on a continuous or delayed basis. See “Plan of Distribution” in this prospectus. We may also describe the plan of distribution for any particular offering of our securities in a prospectus supplement. If any agents, underwriters or dealers are involved in the sale of any securities in respect of which this prospectus is being delivered, we will disclose their names and the nature of our arrangements with them in a prospectus supplement. The price to the public of such securities and the net proceeds we expect to receive from any such sale by us will also be included in a prospectus supplement.

 

 

 

Investing in our securities involves significant risks. You should review carefully the risks and uncertainties described under the heading “Risk Factors” beginning on page 5 of this prospectus and in any applicable prospectus supplement and free writing prospectuses we have authorized for use in connection with a specific offering, and under similar headings in the other documents that are incorporated by reference into this prospectus or any prospectus supplement or free writing prospectuses.

 

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed upon the adequacy or accuracy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

 

The date of this prospectus is April     , 2024.

 

 

 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS 1
NOTE ABOUT FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS 2
PROSPECTUS SUMMARY 3
RISK FACTORS 5
THE SECURITIES WE MAY OFFER 6
USE OF PROCEEDS 7
DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK 7
DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES 10
DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS 18
DESCRIPTION OF RIGHTS 19
DESCRIPTION OF UNITS 20
LEGAL OWNERSHIP OF SECURITIES 21
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION 24
LEGAL MATTERS 25
EXPERTS 25
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION 26
INFORMATION INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE 26

 

 

 

 

ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS

 

This prospectus is part of a registration statement that we filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) using a “shelf” registration process. Under this shelf registration process, we may, from time to time, offer and sell, either individually or in combination, in one or more offerings, up to a total dollar amount of $50,000,000 of shares of our common stock (“Common Stock”), preferred stock (“Preferred Stock”), various series of debt securities, rights to purchase shares of our Common Stock or Preferred Stock, and/or warrants to purchase any such securities, either individually or as units comprised of a combination of one or more of the other securities .

 

This prospectus provides you with a general description of the securities we may offer. Each time we offer securities under this prospectus, we will provide a prospectus supplement that will contain more specific information about the terms of that offering. We may also authorize one or more free writing prospectuses to be provided to you that may contain material information relating to these offerings. The prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus that we may authorize to be provided to you may also update or change any of the information contained in this prospectus or in the documents that we have incorporated by reference into this prospectus. We urge you to read carefully this prospectus, any applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectuses we have authorized for use in connection with a specific offering, together with the information incorporated herein by reference as described under the heading “Information Incorporated by Reference”, before buying any of the securities being offered.

 

You should rely only on the information contained in, or incorporated by reference into, this prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplement, along with the information contained in any free writing prospectuses we have authorized for use in connection with a specific offering. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with information in addition to or different from that contained in this prospectus, any applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus. We take no responsibility for and can provide no assurances as to the reliability of, any information not contained in this prospectus, any applicable prospectus supplement or any related free writing prospectus that we may authorize to be provided to you. This prospectus is an offer to sell only the securities offered hereby, but only under circumstances and in jurisdictions where it is lawful to do so. You should assume that the information in this prospectus, any applicable prospectus supplement or any related free writing prospectus is accurate only as of the date on the front of the document and that any information incorporated by reference is accurate only as of the date of the document incorporated by reference, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus, any applicable prospectus supplement or any related free writing prospectus, or any sale of a security. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since those dates.

 

References in this prospectus to the terms “Lixte”, “we”, “us”, “our” or the “Company” or other similar terms refer, collectively, to Lixte Biotechnology Holdings, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiary, unless we state otherwise or the context indicates otherwise.

 

When we refer to “you”, we mean the potential holders of the applicable series of securities.

 

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NOTE ABOUT FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

 

This prospectus and the information incorporated herein by reference includes forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). For this purpose, any statements contained herein, other than statements of historical fact, may be forward-looking statements under the provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, including any statements about our future performance, business, financial condition, strategic transactions (including mergers, acquisitions and management services agreements), sources of revenue, operating results, plans, objectives, expectations and intentions; any statements regarding future economic conditions; and any statements of belief or assumptions including underlying any of the foregoing. In this prospectus and the information incorporated herein by reference, words such as “anticipate”, “believe”, “estimate”, and variations of such words or similar expressions are used to identify these forward-looking statements. Actual results may differ materially from those indicated by such forward-looking statements as a result of various important factors. These risks are described in greater detail in the section entitled “Risk Factors” of this prospectus. Many of these factors that will determine actual results are beyond our ability to control or predict. If one or more of these factors materialize, or if any underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results, performance or achievements may vary materially from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. In addition, any forward-looking statements in this prospectus represent our views only as of the date of this prospectus and should not be relied upon as representing our views as of any subsequent date. We anticipate that subsequent events and developments will cause its views to change. However, while we may elect to update these forward-looking statements publicly at some point in the future, we specifically disclaim any obligation to do so, except as may be required by law, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. Our forward-looking statements generally do not reflect the potential impact of any future acquisitions, mergers, dispositions, joint ventures or investments we may make.

 

Refer to the section entitled “Risk Factors” of this prospectus, and any other risk factors set forth in any accompanying prospectus supplement and in any information incorporated by reference in this prospectus or any accompanying prospectus supplement to better understand the risks and uncertainties inherent in our business and underlying any forward-looking statements, as well as any other risk factors and cautionary statements described in the documents we file from time to time with the SEC, specifically our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Definitive Proxy Statements on Schedule 14A and Current Reports on Form 8-K, including sections therein titled “Risk Factors” and “Note About Forward-Looking Statements”, respectively. See “Information Incorporated by Reference” in this prospectus.

 

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PROSPECTUS SUMMARY

 

This summary highlights selected information contained elsewhere in this prospectus. This summary is not complete and does not contain all the information that you should consider before making a decision to invest in our securities. We urge you to carefully read this entire prospectus and all applicable prospectus supplements, including the more detailed information regarding our Company, the securities being registered hereby, as well as our consolidated financial statements, the notes to the consolidated financial statements and other information incorporated by reference from our other filings with the SEC. Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risks. Therefore, carefully consider the risk factors set forth in Lixte’s most recent annual and quarterly filings with the SEC, as well as other information in this prospectus, all applicable prospectus supplements and the documents incorporated by reference herein or therein, before purchasing our securities. Each of the risk factors could adversely affect our business, operating results and financial condition, as well as adversely affect the value of an investment in our securities.

 

The Company

 

Company Overview

 

We are a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company dedicated to improving patients’ lives by developing a drug class called Protein Phosphatase 2A inhibitors. Our corporate office is located in Pasadena, California.

 

Our product pipeline is primarily focused on inhibitors of protein phosphatase 2A, used in combination with cytotoxic agents and/or x-ray, immune checkpoint blockers and other cancer therapies. We believe that inhibitors of protein phosphatases have significant therapeutic potential for a broad range of cancers. We are focusing on the clinical development of a specific protein phosphatase inhibitor, referred to as LB-100, which has been shown to have clinical anti-cancer activity at doses that produce little or no toxicity.

 

Our activities are subject to significant risks and uncertainties, including the need for additional capital. We have not yet commenced any revenue-generating operations, do not have positive cash flows from operations, rely on stock-based compensation for a substantial portion of employee and consultant compensation, and are dependent on periodic infusions of equity capital to fund its operating requirements.

 

Risks Associated with Our Business

 

Our business is subject to a number of risks of which you should be aware of before making an investment decision. Some of these risks include the following:

 

  We are engaged in early-stage research and as such might not be successful in our efforts to develop a portfolio of commercially viable products.
     
  We have incurred substantial losses since our inception and anticipate that we will continue to incur substantial and increasing losses for the foreseeable future.
     
  We need significant additional financing to fund our operations and complete the development and, if approved, the commercialization of our lead product candidate, LB-100. If we are unable to raise capital when needed, we could be forced to delay, reduce or eliminate our product development programs or commercialization efforts.
     
  We currently have no source of revenues. We might never generate revenues or achieve profitability.
     
  Clinical-stage biopharmaceutical companies with product candidates in clinical development face a wide range of challenging activities which might entail substantial risk.
     
  We might find it difficult to enroll patients in our clinical trials which could delay or prevent the start of clinical trials for our product candidate.

 

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  Clinical drug development involves a lengthy and expensive process with an uncertain outcome.
     
  Risks associated with operating in foreign countries could materially adversely affect our product development.
     
  Our current and future product candidates, the methods used to deliver them or their dosage levels may cause undesirable side effects or have other properties that could delay or prevent their regulatory approval, limit the commercial profile of an approved label or result in significant negative consequences following any regulatory approval.
     
  Our product development program might not uncover all possible adverse events that patients who take our lead product candidate may experience. The number of subjects exposed to our lead product candidate and the average exposure time in the clinical development program might be inadequate to detect rare adverse events or chance findings that might only be detected once the product is administered to more patients and for greater periods of time.
     
  Our future success is dependent on the regulatory approval of our lead product candidate.
     
  Our lead product candidate and future product candidates could fail to receive regulatory approval from the FDA.
     
  Failure to obtain regulatory approval in international jurisdictions would prevent our lead product candidate from being marketed abroad.
     
  Even if our current primary product candidate received regulatory approval, it might still face future development and regulatory difficulties.
     
  We depend on certain key scientific personnel for our success who do not work full time for us. The loss of any such personnel could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
     
  We expect to rely heavily on third parties for the conduct of clinical trials of our product candidates. If these clinical trials are not successful, or if we or our collaborators are not able to obtain the necessary regulatory approvals, we will not be able to commercialize our product candidates.
     
  Our failure to find third party collaborators to assist or share in the costs of product development could materially harm our business, financial condition or results of operations.
     
  We might be subject to claims by third parties asserting that our employees, consultants, collaborators contractors or we have misappropriated their intellectual property, or claiming ownership of what we regard as our own intellectual property.
     
  We cannot be certain we will be able to obtain patent protection to protect our product candidates and technology.
     
  If we do not obtain patent term extension in the United States under the Hatch-Waxman Act or in foreign countries under similar legislation, our business might be materially harmed.
     
  If we fail to comply with our obligations in agreements under which we have licensed or, might license, intellectual property rights from third parties, or if we otherwise experience disruptions to our business relationships with our licensors, we could lose rights that are important to our business.
     
  We might infringe the intellectual property rights of others, which may prevent or delay our product development efforts and stop us from commercializing or increase the costs of commercializing our product candidates.

 

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  We might be subject to claims that our employees, consultants or independent contractors have wrongfully used or disclosed alleged trade secrets of one or more third parties.
     
  Our intellectual property might not be sufficient to protect our intended products from competition, which might negatively affect our business as well as limit our partnership or acquisition appeal.
     
  If we are not able to protect and control our unpatented trade secrets, know-how and other technological innovation, we might suffer competitive harm.
     
  We might incur substantial costs prosecuting our patent applications, maintaining our patents and patent applications, enforcing our patents, defending against third party patent infringement suits, seeking invalidation of third party patents or in-licensing third party intellectual property, as a result of litigation or other proceedings relating to patent and other intellectual property rights.
     
  Our commercial success depends upon attaining significant market acceptance of our current product candidate and future product candidates, if approved, among physicians, patients, healthcare payors and cancer treatment centers.
     
  Even if we are able to commercialize our lead product candidate or any future product candidates, the products might not receive coverage or adequate reimbursement from third party payors in the United States and in other countries in which we seek to commercialize our intended products, which could harm our business.
     
  We face substantial competition, which might result in others discovering, developing or commercializing products before or more successfully than we do.
     
  Our business might be adversely affected by a recurrence of the Coronavirus pandemic or a pandemic due to the emergence of another virus.
     
  Significant disruptions of information technology systems, computer system failures or breaches of information and cyber security could adversely affect our business.
     
  We might need to grow the size of our organization in the future, and we might experience difficulties in managing this growth.

 

RISK FACTORS

 

Investing in our securities involves significant risks. Before making an investment decision, with respect to any of our securities, you should carefully consider the information set forth in this prospectus, including under the heading “Risks Associated with our Business” and in any applicable prospectus supplement and in the documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus, including our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, as revised or supplemented by our subsequent Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q or Current Reports on Form 8-K on file with the SEC, all of which are incorporated herein by reference, and which may be amended, supplemented or superseded from time to time by other reports we file with the SEC in the future

 

The risks included in this prospectus, the applicable prospectus supplement and the documents we have incorporated by reference are not the only ones we face. There may be other unknown or unpredictable economic, business, competitive, regulatory or other factors that could have material adverse effects on our future results. The occurrence of any of these risks could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. As a result, the value of our securities could decline and you could lose part or all of your investment therein. Past financial performance may not be a reliable indicator of future performance and historical trends should not be used to anticipate results or trends in future periods. Conditions that we currently deem to be immaterial may also materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, cash flows and results of operation. For more information, see “Information Incorporated by Reference” in this prospectus.

 

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THE SECURITIES WE MAY OFFER

 

We may offer shares of Common Stock and Preferred Stock, various series of debt securities, rights to purchase shares of Common Stock and Preferred Stock, and/or warrants to purchase any such securities, either individually or in combination, up to a total dollar amount of $50,000,000 from time to time under this prospectus, together with any applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectuses, at prices and on terms to be determined by market conditions at the time of any offering. This prospectus provides you with a general description of the securities we may offer. Each time we offer a type or series of securities under this prospectus, we will provide a prospectus supplement that will describe the specific amounts, prices and other important terms of the securities, including, to the extent applicable:

 

  designation or classification;
     
  aggregate principal amount or aggregate offering price;
     
  maturity;
     
  original issue discount, if any;
     
  rates and times of payment of interest or dividends, if any;
     
  redemption, conversion, exchange or sinking fund terms, if any;
     
  conversion or exchange prices or rates, if any, and, if applicable, any provisions for changes to or adjustments in the conversion or exchange prices or rates and in the securities or other property receivable upon conversion or exchange;
     
  ranking;
     
  restrictive covenants, if any;
     
  voting or other rights, if any; and
     
  important U.S. federal income tax considerations.

 

Any applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus that we may authorize to be provided to you may add, update or change any of the information contained in this prospectus or in the documents we have incorporated by reference. However, no prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus will offer a security that is not registered and described in this prospectus at the time of the effectiveness of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part.

 

THIS PROSPECTUS MAY NOT BE USED TO CONSUMMATE A SALE BY US OF OUR SECURITIES UNLESS IT IS ACCOMPANIED BY A PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT.

 

We may sell the securities directly to investors or to or through agents, underwriters or dealers. We and our agents or underwriters, reserve the right to accept or reject all or part of any proposed purchase of securities. If we do offer securities to or through agents or underwriters, we will include in the applicable prospectus supplement:

 

  the names of those agents or underwriters;
     
  applicable fees, discounts and commissions to be paid to them;
     
  details regarding over-allotment or other options, if any; and

 

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  the net proceeds to us.

 

USE OF PROCEEDS

 

Except as described in any applicable prospectus supplement or in any related free writing prospectuses we have authorized for use in connection with a specific offering, we currently intend to use the net proceeds from the sale of the securities offered by us hereunder, if any, for working capital, research and development costs, capital expenditures, and general corporate purposes, funding future acquisition of other companies, purchasing other assets or lines of business, repurchasing Common Stock, or for any other purpose we describe in the applicable prospectus supplement. We have not determined the amounts we plan to spend on any of these areas or the timing of these expenditures. As a result, our management will have broad discretion regarding the application of the net proceeds from the sale of securities described in this prospectus.

 

DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK

 

The following is a summary description of the Common Stock, which does not purport to be complete and is summarized from, and is qualified in its entirety by reference to, our Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, and Amended and Restated Bylaws, and Certificate of Designation, to which you should refer and copies of which are incorporated herein by reference as Exhibits 3.1 - 3.5 and 4.1, respectively, and to the registration statement on Form S-3 of which this prospectus forms a part. The summary below is also qualified by provisions of applicable law, including the Delaware General Corporation Law.

 

Common Stock

 

We are authorized to issue up to a total of 100,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share. Holders of our common stock are entitled to one vote for each share held on all matters submitted to a vote of our stockholders. Holders of our common stock have no cumulative voting rights.

 

Further, holders of our common stock have no pre-emptive or conversion rights or other subscription rights. Upon our liquidation, dissolution or winding-up, holders of our common stock are entitled to share in all assets remaining after payment of all liabilities and the liquidation preferences of any of our outstanding shares of preferred stock. Subject to preferences that may be applicable to any outstanding shares of preferred stock, holders of our common stock are entitled to receive dividends, if any, as may be declared from time to time by our board of directors out of our assets which are legally available. Each outstanding share of our common stock is, and all shares of common stock to be issued in this offering when they are paid for, will be fully paid and non-assessable.

 

The holders of 33-1/3% of the shares of our common stock outstanding, represented in person or by proxy, are necessary to constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at any meeting. Except in regards to proposals that require the approval of a majority of the issued and outstanding shares, if a quorum is present, an action by stockholders entitled to vote on a matter is approved if the number of votes cast in favor of the action exceeds the number of votes cast in opposition to the action, with the exception of the election of directors, which requires a plurality of the votes cast.

 

Preferred Stock

 

Our board of directors has the authority, without further action by the stockholders, to issue up to 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock in one or more series and to fix the designations, powers, preferences, privileges, and relative participating, optional, or special rights as well as the qualifications, limitations, or restrictions of the preferred stock, including dividend rights, conversion rights, voting rights, terms of redemption, and liquidation preferences, any or all of which may be greater than the rights of the common stock. Our board of directors, without stockholder approval, will be able to issue convertible preferred stock with voting, conversion, or other rights that could adversely affect the voting power and other rights of the holders of common stock. Preferred stock could be issued quickly with terms calculated to delay or prevent a change of control or make removal of management more difficult. Additionally, the issuance of preferred stock may have the effect of decreasing the market price of our common stock, and may adversely affect the voting and other rights of the holders of common stock. At present, we have no plans to issue any shares of preferred stock following this offering.

 

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We have designated a total of 350,000 shares as our Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, which are non-voting and not subject to increase without the written consent of a majority of the holders of such series. The holders of each tranche of 175,000 shares are entitled to receive a per share dividend equal to 1% of our annual net revenue divided by 175,000, until converted or redeemed. Each share of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock may be converted, at the option of the holder, into 2.083 shares of common stock (subject to customary anti-dilution provisions), and are subject to mandatory conversion at the conversion rate in the event of a merger or sale transaction resulting in gross proceeds to us of at least $21,875,000. Each share has a liquidation preference based on its assumed conversion into shares of common stock.

 

Our board of directors will fix the designations, voting powers, rights, preferences and privileges of each series, as well as the qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof, of the Preferred Stock of each series that we offer under this prospectus and applicable prospectus supplements in the certificate of designation relating to that series. We will file as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, or will incorporate by reference from reports that we file with the SEC, the form of any certificate of designation that describes the terms of the series of Preferred Stock we are offering before the issuance of that series of Preferred Stock. This description will include:

 

  the title and stated value;
     
  the number of shares being offered;
     
  the liquidation preference per share;
     
  the purchase price per share;
     
  the dividend rate per share, dividend period and payment dates and method of calculation for dividends;
     
  whether dividends will be cumulative or non-cumulative and, if cumulative, the date from which dividends will accumulate;
     
  our right, if any, to defer payment of dividends and the maximum length of any such deferral period;
     
  the procedures for any auction and remarketing, if any;
     
  the provisions for a sinking fund, if any;
     
  the provisions for redemption or repurchase, if applicable, and any restrictions on our ability to exercise those redemption and repurchase rights;
     
  any listing of the Preferred Stock on any securities exchange or market;
     
  whether the Preferred Stock will be convertible into Common Stock, and the conversion rate or conversion price, or how they will be calculated, and the exchange period;
     
  voting rights, if any, of the Preferred Stock;
     
  preemption rights, if any;
     
  restrictions on transfer, sale or other assignment, if any;

 

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  a discussion of any material or special United States federal income tax considerations applicable to the Preferred Stock;
     
  the relative ranking and preferences of the Preferred Stock as to dividend rights and rights if we liquidate, dissolve or wind up our affairs;
     
  the limitations on issuances of any class or series of Preferred Stock ranking senior to or on a parity with the series of Preferred Stock being issued as to dividend rights and rights if we liquidate, dissolve or wind up our affairs; and
     
  any other specific terms, rights, preferences, privileges, qualifications or restrictions of the Preferred Stock.

 

Upon issuance, the shares of Preferred Stock will be fully paid and non-assessable.

 

Anti-Takeover Provisions of Delaware Law, our Certificate of Incorporation and our Amended and Restated Bylaws

 

Delaware Law

 

We are governed by the provisions of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law. In general, Section 203 prohibits a publicly traded Delaware corporation from engaging in a business combination with an interested stockholder for a period of three years after the date of the transaction in which the person became an interested stockholder, unless the business combination is approved in a prescribed manner. A business combination includes mergers, asset sales or other transactions resulting in a financial benefit to the stockholder. An interested stockholder is a person who, together with affiliates and associates, owns (or within three years, did own) 15% or more of the corporation’s voting stock, subject to certain exceptions. The statute could have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control of our Company.

 

Board of Directors Vacancies

 

Our Certificate of Incorporation and Amended and Restated Bylaws authorize only our board of directors to fill vacant directorships. In addition, the number of directors constituting our board of directors may be set only by resolution of the majority of the incumbent directors.

 

Stockholder Action; Special Meeting of Stockholders

 

Our Certificate of Incorporation and Amended and Restated Bylaws provide that our stockholders may take action by written consent. Our Certificate of Incorporation and Amended and Restated Bylaws further provide that special meetings of our stockholders may be called by a majority of the board of directors, the Chief Executive Officer, or the Chairman of the board of directors.

 

Advance Notice Requirements for Stockholder Proposals and Director Nominations

 

Our Amended and Restated Bylaws provide that stockholders seeking to bring business before our annual meeting of stockholders, or to nominate candidates for election as directors at our annual meeting of stockholders, must provide timely notice of their intent in writing. To be timely, a stockholder’s notice must be delivered to the secretary at our principal executive offices not later than the close of business on the 90th day nor earlier than the close of business on the 120th day prior to the first anniversary of the preceding year’s annual meeting; provided, however, that in the event the date of the annual meeting is more than 30 days before or more than 60 days after such anniversary date, or if no annual meeting was held in the preceding year, notice by the stockholder to be timely must be so delivered not earlier than the close of business on the 120th day prior to such annual meeting and not later than the close of business on the later of the 90th day prior to such annual meeting or the 10th day following the day on which a public announcement of the date of such meeting is first made by us. These provisions may preclude our stockholders from bringing matters before our annual meeting of stockholders or from making nominations for directors at our annual meeting of stockholders.

 

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These provisions could discourage a potential acquirer from acquiring Lixte Biotechnology Holdings, Inc. or otherwise attempting to obtain control and increase the likelihood that its incumbent directors and officers will retain their positions.

 

Transfer Agent and Registrar

 

The transfer agent and registrar for our common stock is Computershare Inc.

 

The Nasdaq Capital Market

 

Our common stock is listed on The Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “LIXT”.

 

DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES

 

The following description, together with the additional information we include in any applicable prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus, summarizes certain general terms and provisions of the debt securities that we may offer under this prospectus. When we offer to sell a particular series of debt securities, we will describe the specific terms of the series in a prospectus supplement. We will also indicate in the prospectus supplement to what extent the general terms and provisions described in this prospectus apply to a particular series of debt securities. To the extent the information contained in the prospectus supplement differs from this summary description, you should rely on the information in the prospectus supplement.

 

We may issue debt securities either separately, or together with, or upon the conversion or exercise of or in exchange for, other securities described in this prospectus. Debt securities may be our senior, senior subordinated or subordinated obligations and, unless otherwise specified in the prospectus supplement, the debt securities will be our direct, unsecured obligations and may be issued in one or more series.

 

The debt securities will be issued under an indenture between us and a trustee named in the prospectus supplement. We have summarized select portions of the indenture below. The summary is not complete. The form of the indenture has been filed as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, and you should read the indenture for provisions that may be important to you. Capitalized terms used in the summary and not defined in this prospectus have the meanings specified in the indenture.

 

General

 

The terms of each series of debt securities will be established by or pursuant to a resolution of our board of directors and set forth or determined in the manner provided in a resolution of our board of directors, in an officer’s certificate or by a supplemental indenture. The particular terms of each series of debt securities will be described in a prospectus supplement relating to such series (including any pricing supplement or term sheet).

 

The indenture would not limit the amount of debt securities that we may issue under it. Debt securities issued under the indenture may be in one or more series with the same or various maturities, at par, at a premium, or at a discount. We will set forth in a prospectus supplement (including any pricing supplement or term sheet) relating to any series of debt securities being offered, the aggregate principal amount and the following terms of the debt securities, if applicable:

 

  the title and ranking of the debt securities (including the terms of any subordination provisions);
     
  the price or prices (expressed as a percentage of the principal amount) at which we will sell the debt securities;
     
  any limit on the aggregate principal amount of the debt securities;

 

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  the date or dates on which the principal on a particular series of debt securities is payable;
     
  the rate or rates (which may be fixed or variable) per annum or the method used to determine the rate or rates (including any commodity, commodity index, stock exchange index or financial index) at which the debt securities will bear interest, the date or dates from which interest will accrue, the date or dates on which interest will commence and be payable and any regular record date for the interest payable on any interest payment date;
     
  the place or places where principal of, and interest, if any, on the debt securities will be payable (and the method of such payment), where the debt securities of such series may be surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange, and where notices and demands to us in respect of the debt securities may be delivered;
     
  the period or periods within which, the price or prices at which and the terms and conditions upon which we may redeem the debt securities;
     
  any obligation we have to redeem or purchase the debt securities pursuant to any sinking fund or analogous provisions or at the option of a holder of debt securities and the period or periods within which, the price or prices at which and the terms and conditions upon which the debt securities of a particular series shall be redeemed or purchased, in whole or in part, pursuant to such obligation;
     
  the dates on which and the price or prices at which we will repurchase debt securities at the option of the holders of debt securities and other detailed terms and provisions of these repurchase obligations;
     
  the denominations in which the debt securities will be issued, if other than denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof;
     
  whether the debt securities will be issued in the form of certificated debt securities or global debt securities;
     
  the portion of principal amount of the debt securities payable upon declaration of acceleration of the maturity date, if other than the principal amount;
     
  the currency of denomination of the debt securities, which may be U.S. dollars or any foreign currency, and if such currency of denomination is a composite currency, the agency or organization, if any, responsible for overseeing such composite currency;
     
  the designation of the currency, currencies or currency units in which payment of principal of, and premium and interest on, the debt securities will be made;
     
  if payments of principal of, or premium or interest on, the debt securities will be made in one or more currencies or currency units other than that or those in which the debt securities are denominated, the manner in which the exchange rate with respect to these payments will be determined;
     
  the manner in which the amounts of payment of principal of, and premium, if any, and interest on, the debt securities will be determined, if these amounts may be determined by reference to an index based on a currency or currencies or by reference to a commodity, commodity index, stock exchange index or financial index;
     
  any provisions relating to any security provided for the debt securities;

 

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  any addition to, deletion of or change in the events of default described in this prospectus or in the indenture with respect to the debt securities and any change in the acceleration provisions described in this prospectus or in the indenture with respect to the debt securities;
     
  any addition to, deletion of or change in the covenants described in this prospectus or in the indenture with respect to the debt securities;
     
  any depositaries, interest rate calculation agents, exchange rate calculation agents or other agents with respect to the debt securities;
     
  the provisions, if any, relating to conversion or exchange of any debt securities of such series, including if applicable, the conversion or exchange price and period, provisions as to whether conversion or exchange will be mandatory, the events requiring an adjustment of the conversion or exchange price and provisions affecting conversion or exchange;
     
  any other terms of the debt securities, which may supplement, modify or delete any provision of the indenture as it applies to that series, including any terms that may be required under applicable law or regulations or advisable in connection with the marketing of the securities; and
     
  whether any of our direct or indirect subsidiaries will guarantee the debt securities of that series, including the terms of subordination, if any, of such guarantees.

 

We may issue debt securities that provide for an amount less than their stated principal amount to be due and payable upon declaration of acceleration of their maturity pursuant to the terms of the indenture. We will provide you with information on the material U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to any of these debt securities in the applicable prospectus supplement.

 

If we denominate the purchase price of any of the debt securities in a foreign currency or currencies or a foreign currency unit or units, or if the principal of, and premium, if any, and interest on, any series of debt securities is payable in a foreign currency or currencies or a foreign currency unit or units, we will provide you with information on the restrictions, elections, general tax considerations, specific terms and other information with respect to that issue of debt securities and such foreign currency or currencies or foreign currency unit or units in the applicable prospectus supplement.

 

Transfer and Exchange

 

Each debt security will be represented by either one or more global securities registered in the name of The Depository Trust Company (“DTC” or the “Depositary”) or a nominee of the Depositary (we will refer to any debt security represented by a global debt security as a “book-entry debt security”), or a certificate issued in definitive registered form (we will refer to any debt security represented by a certificated security as a “certificated debt security”) as set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement. Except as set forth under the heading “Legal Ownership of Securities” below, book-entry debt securities will not be issuable in certificated form.

 

Certificated Debt Securities

 

You may transfer or exchange certificated debt securities at any office we maintain for this purpose in accordance with the terms of the indenture. No service charge will be made for any transfer or exchange of certificated debt securities, but we may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge payable in connection with a transfer or exchange.

 

You may effect the transfer of certificated debt securities and the right to receive the principal of, premium and interest on certificated debt securities only by surrendering the certificate representing those certificated debt securities and either reissuance by us or the trustee of the certificate to the new holder or the issuance by us or the trustee of a new certificate to the new holder.

 

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Global Debt Securities and Book-Entry System

 

Each global debt security representing book-entry debt securities will be deposited with, or on behalf of, the Depositary, and registered in the name of the Depositary or a nominee of the Depositary. See the section of this prospectus entitled “Legal Ownership of Securities” for more information.

 

Covenants

 

We will set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement any restrictive covenants applicable to any issue of debt securities.

 

No Protection in the Event of a Change of Control

 

Unless we state otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, the debt securities will not contain any provisions that may afford holders of the debt securities protection in the event we have a change in control or in the event of a highly leveraged transaction (whether or not such transaction results in a change in control) that could adversely affect holders of debt securities.

 

Consolidation, Merger and Sale of Assets

 

We may not consolidate with or merge with or into, or convey, transfer or lease all or substantially all of our properties and assets to, any person (a “successor person”) unless:

 

  we are the surviving corporation or the successor person (if other than Lixte Biotechnology Holdings, Inc.) is a corporation organized and validly existing under the laws of any U.S. domestic jurisdiction and expressly assumes our obligations on the debt securities and under the indenture;
     
  immediately after giving effect to the transaction, no default or event of default, shall have occurred and be continuing; and
     
  certain other conditions are met.

 

Notwithstanding the above, any of our subsidiaries may consolidate with, merge into or transfer all or part of its properties to us.

 

Events of Default

 

An “event of default” means with respect to any series of debt securities, any of the following:

 

default in the payment of any interest upon any debt security of that series when it becomes due and payable, and continuance of such default for a period of 30 days (unless the entire amount of the payment is deposited by us with the trustee or with a paying agent prior to the expiration of the 30-day period);

 

  default in the payment of principal of any debt security of that series at its maturity;
     
  default in the performance or breach of any other covenant or warranty by us in the indenture or any debt security (other than a covenant or warranty that has been included in the indenture solely for the benefit of a series of debt securities other than that series), which default continues uncured for a period of 60 days after we receive written notice from the trustee or Lixte Biotechnology Holdings, Inc. and the trustee receive written notice from the holders of not less than 25% in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series as provided in the indenture;
     
  certain voluntary or involuntary events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization of Lixte Biotechnology Holdings, Inc.; or

 

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  any other event of default provided with respect to debt securities of that series that is described in the applicable prospectus supplement.

 

No event of default with respect to a particular series of debt securities (except as to certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization) necessarily constitutes an event of default with respect to any other series of debt securities. The occurrence of certain events of default or an acceleration under the indenture may constitute an event of default under certain indebtedness of ours or our subsidiaries outstanding from time to time.

 

We will provide the trustee written notice of any default or event of default within 30 days of becoming aware of the occurrence of such default or event of default, which notice will describe in reasonable detail the status of such default or event of default and what action we are taking or propose to take in respect thereof.

 

If an event of default with respect to debt securities of any series at the time outstanding occurs and is continuing, then the trustee or the holders of not less than 25% in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series may, by a notice in writing to us (and to the trustee if given by the holders), declare to be due and payable immediately the principal of (or, if the debt securities of that series are discount securities, that portion of the principal amount as may be specified in the terms of that series) and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, on all debt securities of that series. In the case of an event of default resulting from certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization, the principal (or such specified amount) of and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, on all outstanding debt securities will become and be immediately due and payable without any declaration or other act on the part of the trustee or any holder of outstanding debt securities. At any time after a declaration of acceleration with respect to debt securities of any series has been made, but before a judgment or decree for payment of the money due has been obtained by the trustee, the holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series may rescind and annul the acceleration if all events of default, other than the non-payment of accelerated principal and interest, if any, with respect to debt securities of that series, have been cured or waived as provided in the indenture. We refer you to the prospectus supplement relating to any series of debt securities that are discount securities for the particular provisions relating to acceleration of a portion of the principal amount of such discount securities upon the occurrence of an event of default.

 

The indenture provides that the trustee may refuse to perform any duty or exercise any of its rights or powers under the indenture unless the trustee receives indemnity satisfactory to it against any cost, liability or expense that might be incurred by it in performing such duty or exercising such right or power. Subject to certain rights of the trustee, the holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of any series will have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the trustee or exercising any trust or power conferred on the trustee with respect to the debt securities of that series.

 

No holder of any debt security of any series will have any right to institute any proceeding, judicial or otherwise, with respect to the indenture or for the appointment of a receiver or trustee, or for any remedy under the indenture, unless:

 

  that holder has previously given to the trustee written notice of a continuing event of default with respect to debt securities of that series; and
     
  the holders of not less than 25% in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series have made written request, and offered indemnity or security satisfactory to the trustee, to the trustee to institute the proceeding as trustee, and the trustee has not received from the holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series a direction inconsistent with that request and has failed to institute the proceeding within 60 days.

 

Notwithstanding any other provision in the indenture, the holder of any debt security will have an absolute and unconditional right to receive payment of the principal of, and premium and any interest on, that debt security on or after the due dates expressed in that debt security and to institute suit for the enforcement of payment.

 

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The indenture requires us, within 120 days after the end of our fiscal year, to furnish to the trustee a statement as to compliance with the indenture. If a default or event of default occurs and is continuing with respect to the securities of any series and if it is known to a responsible officer of the trustee, the trustee shall mail to each holder of the securities of that series notice of a default or event of default within 90 days after it occurs or, if later, after a responsible officer of the trustee has knowledge of such default or event of default. The indenture provides that the trustee may withhold notice to the holders of debt securities of any series of any default or event of default (except in payment on any debt securities of that series) with respect to debt securities of that series if the trustee determines in good faith that withholding notice is in the interest of the holders of those debt securities.

 

Modification and Waiver

 

We and the trustee may modify, amend or supplement the indenture or the debt securities of any series without the consent of any holder of any debt security:

 

  to cure any ambiguity, defect or inconsistency;
     
  to comply with covenants in the indenture described above under the heading “Consolidation, Merger and Sale of Assets”;
     
  to provide for uncertificated securities in addition to or in place of certificated securities;
     
  to add guarantees with respect to debt securities of any series or secure debt securities of any series;
     
  to surrender any of our rights or powers under the indenture;
     
  to add covenants or events of default for the benefit of the holders of debt securities of any series;
     
  to comply with the applicable procedures of the Depositary;
     
  to make any change that does not adversely affect the rights of any holder of debt securities;
     
  to provide for the issuance of and establish the form and terms and conditions of debt securities of any series as permitted by the indenture;
     
  to effect the appointment of a successor trustee with respect to the debt securities of any series and to add to or change any of the provisions of the indenture to provide for or facilitate administration by more than one trustee; or
     
  to comply with requirements of the SEC in order to effect or maintain the qualification of the indenture under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939.

 

We may also modify and amend the indenture with the consent of the holders of at least a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of each series affected by the modification or amendment. We may not make any modification or amendment without the consent of the holders of each affected debt security then outstanding if that amendment would:

 

  reduce the amount of debt securities whose holders must consent to an amendment, supplement or waiver;
     
  reduce the rate of or extend the time for payment of interest (including default interest) on any debt security;
     
  reduce the principal of or premium on or change the fixed maturity of any debt security or reduce the amount of, or postpone the date fixed for, the payment of any sinking fund or analogous obligation with respect to any series of debt securities;
     
  reduce the principal amount of discount securities payable upon acceleration of maturity;

 

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  waive a default or event of default in the payment of the principal of, or premium or interest on, any debt security (except a rescission of acceleration of the debt securities of any series by the holders of at least a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series and a waiver of the payment default that resulted from such acceleration);
     
  make the principal of, or premium or interest on, any debt security payable in a currency other than that stated in the debt security;
     
  make any change to certain provisions of the indenture relating to, among other things, the right of the holders of debt securities to receive payment of the principal of, and premium and interest on, those debt securities and to institute suit for the enforcement of any such payment and to waivers or amendments; or
     
  waive a redemption payment with respect to any debt security.

 

Except for certain specified provisions, the holders of at least a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of any series may on behalf of the holders of all debt securities of that series waive our compliance with provisions of the indenture. The holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of any series may on behalf of the holders of all of the debt securities of such series waive any past default under the indenture with respect to that series and its consequences, except a default in the payment of the principal of, or any interest on, any debt security of that series; provided, however, that the holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of any series may rescind an acceleration and its consequences, including any related payment default that resulted from the acceleration.

 

Defeasance of the Debt Securities and Certain Covenants in Certain Circumstances

 

Legal Defeasance

 

The indenture provides that, unless otherwise provided by the terms of the applicable series of debt securities, we may be discharged from any and all obligations in respect of the debt securities of any series (subject to certain exceptions). We will be so discharged upon the deposit with the trustee, in trust, of cash and/or U.S. government obligations or, in the case of debt securities denominated in a single currency other than U.S. dollars, cash and/or government obligations of the government that issued or caused to be issued such currency, that, through the payment of interest and principal in accordance with their terms, will provide cash in an amount sufficient in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants or investment bank to pay and discharge each installment of principal of, premium and interest on, and any mandatory sinking fund payments in respect of, the debt securities of that series on the stated maturity of those payments in accordance with the terms of the indenture and those debt securities.

 

This discharge may occur only if, among other things, we have delivered to the trustee an opinion of counsel stating that we have received from, or there has been published by, the U.S. Internal Revenue Service a ruling or, since the date of execution of the indenture, there has been a change in the applicable U.S. federal income tax law, in either case to the effect that, and based thereon such opinion shall confirm that, the holders of the debt securities of that series will not recognize income, gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes as a result of the deposit, defeasance and discharge and will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on the same amounts and in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if the deposit, defeasance and discharge had not occurred.

 

Defeasance of Certain Covenants

 

The indenture provides that, unless otherwise provided by the terms of the applicable series of debt securities, upon compliance with certain conditions:

 

  we may omit to comply with the covenant described under the heading “Consolidation, Merger and Sale of Assets” and certain other covenants set forth in the indenture, as well as any additional covenants that may be set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement; and

 

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  any omission to comply with those covenants will not constitute a default or an event of default with respect to the debt securities of that series (a “covenant defeasance”).

 

The conditions include:

 

  depositing with the trustee cash and/or U.S. government obligations or, in the case of debt securities denominated in a single currency other than U.S. dollars, cash and/or government obligations of the government that issued or caused to be issued such currency, that, through the payment of interest and principal in accordance with their terms, will provide cash in an amount sufficient in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants or investment bank to pay and discharge each installment of principal of, premium and interest on, and any mandatory sinking fund payments in respect of, the debt securities of that series on the stated maturity of those payments in accordance with the terms of the indenture and those debt securities; and
     
  delivering to the trustee an opinion of counsel to the effect that we have received from, or there has been published by, the U.S. Internal Revenue Service a ruling or, since the date of execution of the indenture, there has been a change in the applicable U.S. federal income tax law, in either case to the effect that, and based thereon such opinion shall confirm that, the holders of the debt securities of that series will not recognize income, gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes as a result of the deposit and related covenant defeasance and will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on the same amounts and in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if the deposit and related covenant defeasance had not occurred.

 

No Personal Liability of Directors, Officers, Employees or Stockholders

 

None of our past, present or future directors, officers, employees or stockholders, as such, will have any liability for any of our obligations under the debt securities or the indenture or for any claim based on, or in respect or by reason of, such obligations or their creation. By accepting a debt security, each holder waives and releases all such liability. This waiver and release is part of the consideration for the issue of the debt securities. However, this waiver and release may not be effective to waive liabilities under U.S. federal securities laws, and it is the view of the SEC that such a waiver is against public policy.

 

Governing Law

 

The indenture and the debt securities, including any claim or controversy arising out of or relating to the indenture or the debt securities, will be governed by the laws of the State of New York.

 

The indenture provides that we, the trustee and the holders of the debt securities (by their acceptance of the debt securities) irrevocably waive, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, any and all right to trial by jury in any legal proceeding arising out of or relating to the indenture, the debt securities or the transactions contemplated thereby.

 

The indenture provides that any legal suit, action or proceeding arising out of or based upon the indenture or the transactions contemplated thereby may be instituted in the federal courts of the United States of America located in the City of New York or the courts of the State of New York in each case located in the City of New York, and we, the trustee and the holder of the debt securities (by their acceptance of the debt securities) irrevocably submit to the non-exclusive jurisdiction of such courts in any such suit, action or proceeding. The indenture further provides that service of any process, summons, notice or document by mail (to the extent allowed under any applicable statute or rule of court) to such party’s address set forth in the indenture will be effective service of process for any suit, action or other proceeding brought in any such court. The indenture further provides that we, the trustee and the holders of the debt securities (by their acceptance of the debt securities) irrevocably and unconditionally waive any objection to the laying of venue of any suit, action or other proceeding in the courts specified above and irrevocably and unconditionally waive and agree not to plead or claim any such suit, action or other proceeding has been brought in an inconvenient forum.

 

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DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS

 

We may issue warrants for the purchase of shares of Common Stock or Preferred Stock or for the purchase of debt securities. We may issue warrants independently or together with other securities, and the warrants may be attached to or separate from any offered securities. If a series of warrants will be issued under a separate warrant agreement to be entered into between us and the investors or a warrant agent, we will so specify in the applicable prospectus supplement.

 

The following summary of the material terms of the warrants and warrant agreements is subject to, and qualified in its entirety by reference to, all of the provisions of the warrants and any warrant agreement applicable to a particular series of warrants. The terms of any warrants offered under a prospectus supplement may differ from the terms described below. We urge you to read the applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus, as well as the complete warrants and any warrant agreements that contain the terms of the warrants.

 

The material terms of any issue of warrants will be described in the prospectus supplement relating to the issue. Those terms may include:

 

  the number of shares of Common Stock or Preferred Stock purchasable upon the exercise of warrants to purchase such shares and the price at which such number of shares may be purchased upon exercise;
     
  a summary of the terms (including, without limitation, liquidation, dividend, conversion and voting rights) of the series of Preferred Stock purchasable upon exercise of warrants to purchase Preferred Stock as set forth in the certificate of designations for such series of Preferred Stock;
     
  the principal amount of debt securities that may be purchased upon exercise of a debt warrant and the exercise price for the warrants;
     
  the date, if any, on and after which the warrants and the related debt securities, Preferred Stock or Common Stock will be separately transferable;
     
  the terms of any rights to redeem or call the warrants;
     
  the date on which the right to exercise the warrants will commence and the date on which the right will expire;
     
  the material U.S. federal income tax consequences applicable to the warrants; and
     
  any additional material terms of the warrants, including terms, procedures, and limitations relating to the exchange, exercise and settlement of the warrants.

 

Holders of equity warrants will not be entitled:

 

  to vote, consent or received dividends;
     
  receive notice as stockholders with respect to any meeting of stockholders for the election of our directors or any other matter; or
     
  exercise any rights as stockholders of Lixte Biotechnology Holdings, Inc.

 

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Each warrant will entitle its holder to purchase the principal amount of debt securities or the number of shares of Preferred Stock or Common Stock at the exercise price set forth in, or calculable as set forth in, the applicable prospectus supplement. Unless we otherwise specify in the applicable prospectus supplement, holders of the warrants may exercise the warrants at any time up to the specified time on the expiration date that we set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement. After the close of business on the expiration date, unexercised warrants will become void. A holder of warrant certificates may exchange them for new warrant certificates of different denominations, present them for registration of transfer and exercise them at the corporate trust office of the warrant agent or any other office indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement. Until any warrants to purchase debt securities are exercised, the holder of the warrants will not have any rights of holders of the debt securities that can be purchased upon exercise, including any rights to receive payments of principal, premium or interest on the underlying debt securities or to enforce covenants in the applicable indenture. Until any warrants to purchase Common Stock or Preferred Stock are exercised, the holders of the warrants will not have any rights of holders of the underlying Common Stock or Preferred Stock, including any rights to receive dividends or payments upon any liquidation, dissolution or winding up on the Common Stock or Preferred Stock, if any.

 

DESCRIPTION OF RIGHTS

 

General

 

We may issue rights to our stockholders to purchase shares of our common stock, preferred stock or the other securities described in this prospectus. We may offer rights separately or together with one or more additional rights, debt securities, preferred stock, common stock or warrants, or any combination of those securities in the form of units, as described in the applicable prospectus supplement. Each series of rights will be issued under a separate rights agreement to be entered into between us and a bank or trust company, as rights agent. The rights agent will act solely as our agent in connection with the certificates relating to the rights of the series of certificates and will not assume any obligation or relationship of agency or trust for or with any holders of rights certificates or beneficial owners of rights. The following description sets forth certain general terms and provisions of the rights to which any prospectus supplement may relate. The particular terms of the rights to which any prospectus supplement may relate and the extent, if any, to which the general provisions may apply to the rights so offered will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement. To the extent that any particular terms of the rights, rights agreement or rights certificates described in a prospectus supplement differ from any of the terms described below, then the terms described below will be deemed to have been superseded by that prospectus supplement. We encourage you to read the applicable rights agreement and rights certificate for additional information before you decide whether to purchase any of our rights. We will provide in a prospectus supplement the following terms of the rights being issued:

 

  the date of determining the stockholders entitled to the rights distribution;
     
  the aggregate number of shares of common stock, preferred stock or other securities purchasable upon exercise of the rights;
     
  the exercise price;
     
  the aggregate number of rights issued;
     
  whether the rights are transferrable and the date, if any, on and after which the rights may be separately transferred;
     
  the date on which the right to exercise the rights will commence, and the date on which the right to exercise the rights will expire;
     
  the method by which holders of rights will be entitled to exercise;
     
  the conditions to the completion of the offering, if any;
     
  the withdrawal, termination and cancellation rights, if any;
     
  whether there are any backstop or standby purchaser or purchasers and the terms of their commitment, if any;

 

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  whether stockholders are entitled to oversubscription rights, if any;
     
  any applicable material U.S. federal income tax considerations; and
     
  any other terms of the rights, including terms, procedures and limitations relating to the distribution, exchange and exercise of the rights, as applicable.

 

Each right will entitle the holder of rights to purchase for cash the principal amount of shares of common stock, preferred stock or other securities at the exercise price provided in the applicable prospectus supplement. Rights may be exercised at any time up to the close of business on the expiration date for the rights provided in the applicable prospectus supplement.

 

Holders may exercise rights as described in the applicable prospectus supplement. Upon receipt of payment and the rights certificate properly completed and duly executed at the corporate trust office of the rights agent or any other office indicated in the prospectus supplement, we will, as soon as practicable, forward the shares of common stock, preferred stock or other securities, as applicable, purchasable upon exercise of the rights. If less than all of the rights issued in any rights offering are exercised, we may offer any unsubscribed securities directly to persons other than stockholders, to or through agents, underwriters or dealers or through a combination of such methods, including pursuant to standby arrangements, as described in the applicable prospectus supplement.

 

Rights Agent

 

The rights agent for any rights we offer will be set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement.

 

DESCRIPTION OF UNITS

 

We may issue units consisting of any combination of the other types of securities offered under this prospectus in one or more series. We may evidence each series of units by unit certificates that we will issue under a separate unit agreement. We may enter into unit agreements with a unit agent. Each unit agent will be a bank or trust company that we select. We will indicate the name and address of the unit agent in the applicable prospectus supplement relating to a particular series of units.

 

The following description, together with the additional information included in any applicable prospectus supplement, summarizes the general features of the units that we may offer under this prospectus. You should read any prospectus supplement and any free writing prospectus that we may authorize to be provided to you related to the series of units being offered, as well as the complete unit agreements that contain the terms of the units. Specific unit agreements will contain additional important terms and provisions and we will file each unit agreement as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, or will incorporate by reference from another report that we file with the SEC, the form of each unit agreement relating to units offered under this prospectus.

 

If we offer any units, certain terms of that series of units will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement, including, without limitation, the following, as applicable:

 

  the title of the series of units;
     
  identification and description of the separate constituent securities comprising the units;
     
  the price or prices at which the units will be issued;
     
  the date, if any, on and after which the constituent securities comprising the units will be separately transferable;
     
  the material U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to the units; and

 

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  any other material terms of the units and their constituent securities.

 

LEGAL OWNERSHIP OF SECURITIES

 

We may issue securities in registered form or in the form of one or more global securities. We describe global securities in greater detail below. We refer to those persons who have securities registered in their own names on the books that we or any applicable trustee, depositary or warrant agent maintain for this purpose as the “holders” of those securities. These persons are the legal holders of the securities. We refer to those persons who, indirectly through others, own beneficial interests in securities that are not registered in their own names, as “indirect holders” of those securities. As discussed below, indirect holders are not legal holders, and investors in securities issued in book-entry form or in street name will be indirect holders.

 

Book-Entry Holders

 

We may issue securities in book-entry form only, as we will specify in the applicable prospectus supplement. This means securities may be represented by one or more global securities registered in the name of a financial institution that holds them as depositary on behalf of other financial institutions that participate in the depositary’s book-entry system. These participating institutions, which are referred to as participants, in turn, hold beneficial interests in the securities on behalf of themselves or their customers.

 

Only the person in whose name a security is registered is recognized as the holder of that security. Securities issued in global form will be registered in the name of the depositary or its participants. Consequently, for securities issued in global form, we will recognize only the depositary as the holder of the securities, and we will make all payments on the securities to the depositary. The depositary passes along the payments it receives to its participants, which in turn pass the payments along to their customers who are the beneficial owners. The depositary and its participants do so under agreements they have made with one another or with their customers; they are not obligated to do so under the terms of the securities.

 

As a result, investors in book-entry securities will not own securities directly. Instead, they will own beneficial interests in a global security, through a bank, broker or other financial institution that participates in the depositary’s book-entry system or holds an interest through a participant. As long as the securities are issued in global form, investors will be indirect holders, and not holders, of the securities.

 

Street Name Holders

 

We may terminate a global security or issue securities in non-global form. In these cases, investors may choose to hold their securities in their own names or in “street name”. Securities held by an investor in street name would be registered in the name of a bank, broker or other financial institution that the investor chooses, and the investor would hold only a beneficial interest in those securities through an account he or she maintains at that institution.

 

For securities held in street name, we will recognize only the intermediary banks, brokers and other financial institutions in whose names the securities are registered as the holders of those securities, and we will make all payments on those securities to them. These institutions pass along the payments they receive to their customers who are the beneficial owners, but only because they agree to do so in their customer agreements or because they are legally required to do so. Investors who hold securities in street name will be indirect holders, not holders, of those securities.

 

Legal Holders

 

Our obligations, as well as the obligations of any applicable trustee and of any third parties employed by us or a trustee, run only to the legal holders of the securities. We do not have obligations to investors who hold beneficial interests in global securities, in street name or by any other indirect means. This will be the case whether an investor chooses to be an indirect holder of a security or has no choice because we are issuing the securities only in global form.

 

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For example, once we make a payment or give a notice to the holder, we have no further responsibility for the payment or notice even if that holder is required, under agreements with depositary participants or customers or by law, to pass it along to the indirect holders but does not do so. Similarly, we may want to obtain the approval of the holders to amend an indenture, to relieve us of the consequences of a default or of our obligation to comply with a particular provision of the indenture or for other purposes. In such an event, we would seek approval only from the holders, and not the indirect holders, of the securities. Whether or how the holders contact the indirect holders is the responsibility of the holders.

 

Special Considerations for Indirect Holders

 

If you hold securities through a bank, broker or other financial institution, either in book-entry form or in street name, you should check with your own institution to find out:

 

  the performance of third-party service providers;
     
  how it handles securities payments and notices;
     
  whether it imposes fees or charges;
     
  how it would handle a request for the holders’ consent, if ever required;
     
  whether and how you can instruct it to send you securities registered in your own name so you can be a holder, if that is permitted in the future;
     
  how it would exercise rights under the securities if there were a default or other event triggering the need for holders to act to protect their interests; and
     
  if the securities are in book-entry form, how the depositary’s rules and procedures will affect these matters.

 

Global Securities

 

A global security is a security that represents one or any other number of individual securities held by a depositary. Generally, all securities represented by the same global securities will have the same terms.

 

Each security issued in book-entry form will be represented by a global security that we deposit with and register in the name of a financial institution or its nominee that we select. The financial institution that we select for this purpose is called the depositary. Unless we specify otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, DTC will be the depositary for all securities issued in book-entry form.

 

A global security may not be transferred to or registered in the name of anyone other than the depositary, its nominee or a successor depositary, unless special termination situations arise. We describe those situations below under the section entitled “Special Situations When a Global Security Will Be Terminated” in this prospectus. As a result of these arrangements, the depositary, or its nominee, will be the sole registered owner and holder of all securities represented by a global security, and investors will be permitted to own only beneficial interests in a global security. Beneficial interests must be held by means of an account with a broker, bank or other financial institution that in turn has an account with the depositary or with another institution that does. Thus, an investor whose security is represented by a global security will not be a holder of the security, but only an indirect holder of a beneficial interest in the global security.

 

If the prospectus supplement for a particular security indicates that the security will be issued in global form only, then the security will be represented by a global security at all times unless and until the global security is terminated. If termination occurs, we may issue the securities through another book-entry clearing system or decide that the securities may no longer be held through any book-entry clearing system.

 

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Special Considerations for Global Securities

 

The rights of an indirect holder relating to a global security will be governed by the account rules of the investor’s financial institution and of the depositary, as well as general laws relating to securities transfers. We do not recognize an indirect holder as a holder of securities and instead deal only with the depositary that holds the global security.

 

If securities are issued only in the form of a global security, an investor should be aware of the following:

 

  an investor cannot cause the securities to be registered in his or her name, and cannot obtain non-global certificates for his or her interest in the securities, except in the special situations described below;
     
  an investor will be an indirect holder and must look to his or her own bank or broker for payments on the securities and protection of his or her legal rights relating to the securities, as described above;
     
  an investor may not be able to sell interests in the securities to some insurance companies and to other institutions that are required by law to own their securities in non-book-entry form;
     
  an investor may not be able to pledge his or her interest in a global security in circumstances where certificates representing the securities must be delivered to the lender or other beneficiary of the pledge in order for the pledge to be effective;
     
  the depositary’s policies, which may change from time to time, will govern payments, transfers, exchanges and other matters relating to an investor’s interest in a global security;
     
  we and any applicable trustee have no responsibility for any aspect of the depositary’s actions or for its records of ownership interests in a global security, nor do we or any applicable trustee supervise the depositary in any way;
     
  the depositary may, and we understand that DTC will, require that those who purchase and sell interests in a global security within its book-entry system use immediately available funds, and your broker or bank may require you to do so as well; and
     
  financial institutions that participate in the depositary’s book-entry system, and through which an investor holds its interest in a global security, may also have their own policies affecting payments, notices and other matters relating to the securities.

 

There may be more than one financial intermediary in the chain of ownership for an investor. We do not monitor and are not responsible for the actions of any intermediary.

 

Special Situations When a Global Security Will Be Terminated

 

In a few special situations described below, the global security will terminate and interests in it will be exchanged for physical certificates representing those interests. After that exchange, the choice of whether to hold securities directly or in street name will be the responsibility of the investor. Investors must consult their own banks or brokers to learn how to have their interests in securities transferred to their own names so that they will be direct holders. We have described the rights of holders and street name investors above.

 

Unless we provide otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, the global security will terminate when the following special situations occur:

 

  if the depositary notifies us that it is unwilling, unable or no longer qualified to continue as depositary for that global security and we do not appoint another institution to act as depositary within 90 days;
     
  if we notify any applicable trustee that we wish to terminate that global security; or

 

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  if an event of default has occurred with regard to securities represented by that global security and has not been cured or waived.

 

The applicable prospectus supplement may also list additional situations for terminating a global security that would apply only to the particular series of securities covered by the applicable prospectus supplement. When a global security terminates, the depositary, and not we or any applicable trustee, is responsible for deciding the names of the institutions that will be the initial direct holders.

 

PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

 

We may sell the securities offered by this prospectus from time to time pursuant to underwritten public offerings, negotiated transactions, block trades or a combination of these methods or through underwriters or dealers, through agents and/or directly to one or more purchasers. The securities may be distributed from time to time in one or more transactions:

 

  at a fixed price or prices, which may be changed;
     
  at market prices prevailing at the time of sale;
     
  at prices related to such prevailing market prices; or
     
  at negotiated prices.

 

Each time that we sell securities offered by this prospectus, we will provide a prospectus supplement or supplements that will describe the method of distribution and set forth the terms and conditions of the offering of such securities, including the offering price of the securities and the proceeds to us.

 

Offers to purchase the securities being offered by this prospectus may be solicited directly. Agents may also be designated to solicit offers to purchase the securities from time to time. Any agent involved in the offer or sale of our securities will be identified in a prospectus supplement.

 

If a dealer is utilized in the sale of the securities being offered by this prospectus, the securities will be sold to the dealer, as principal. The dealer may then resell the securities to the public at varying prices to be determined by the dealer at the time of resale.

 

If an underwriter is utilized in the sale of the securities being offered by this prospectus, an underwriting agreement will be executed with the underwriter at the time of sale and the name of any underwriter will be provided in the prospectus supplement that the underwriter will use to make resales of the securities to the public. In connection with the sale of the securities, we, or the purchasers of securities for whom the underwriter may act as agent, may compensate the underwriter in the form of underwriting discounts or commissions. The underwriter may sell the securities to or through dealers, and those dealers may receive compensation in the form of discounts, concessions or commissions from the underwriters and/or commissions from the purchasers for which they may act as agent. Unless otherwise indicated in a prospectus supplement, an agent will be acting on a best efforts basis and a dealer will purchase securities as a principal, and may then resell the securities at varying prices to be determined by the dealer.

 

Any compensation paid to underwriters, dealers or agents in connection with the offering of the securities, and any discounts, concessions or commissions allowed by underwriters to participating dealers will be provided in the applicable prospectus supplement. Underwriters, dealers and agents participating in the distribution of the securities may be deemed to be underwriters within the meaning of the Securities Act, and any discounts and commissions received by them and any profit realized by them on resale of the securities may be deemed to be underwriting discounts and commissions. We may enter into agreements to indemnify underwriters, dealers and agents against civil liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, or to contribute to payments they may be required to make in respect thereof and to reimburse those persons for certain expenses.

 

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Any Common Stock issued by us under this prospectus will be listed on The Nasdaq Capital Market, but any other securities may or may not be listed on a national securities exchange. To facilitate the offering of securities, certain persons participating in the offering may engage in transactions that stabilize, maintain or otherwise affect the price of the securities. This may include over-allotments or short sales of the securities, which involve the sale by persons participating in the offering of more securities than were sold to them. In these circumstances, these persons would cover such over-allotments or short positions by making purchases in the open market or by exercising their over-allotment option, if any. In addition, these persons may stabilize or maintain the price of the securities by bidding for or purchasing securities in the open market or by imposing penalty bids, whereby selling concessions allowed to dealers participating in the offering may be reclaimed if securities sold by them are repurchased in connection with stabilization transactions. The effect of these transactions may be to stabilize or maintain the market price of the securities at a level above that which might otherwise prevail in the open market. These transactions may be discontinued at any time.

 

If indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement, underwriters or other persons acting as agents may be authorized to solicit offers by institutions or other suitable purchasers to purchase the securities at the public offering price set forth in the prospectus supplement pursuant to delayed delivery contracts providing for payment and delivery on the date or dates stated in the prospectus supplement. These purchasers may include, among others, commercial and savings banks, insurance companies, pension funds, investment companies and educational and charitable institutions.

 

We may engage in at the market offerings into an existing trading market in accordance with Rule 415(a)(4) under the Securities Act. In addition, we may enter into derivative transactions with third parties, or sell securities not covered by this prospectus to third parties in privately negotiated transactions. If the applicable prospectus supplement so indicates, in connection with those derivatives, the third parties may sell securities covered by this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement, including in short sale transactions. If so, the third party may use securities pledged by us or borrowed from us or others to settle those sales or to close out any related open borrowings of stock, and may use securities received from us in settlement of those derivatives to close out any related open borrowings of stock. The third party in such sale transactions will be an underwriter and, if not identified in this prospectus, will be named in the applicable prospectus supplement (or a post-effective amendment). In addition, we may otherwise loan or pledge securities to a financial institution or other third party that in turn may sell the securities short using this prospectus and an applicable prospectus supplement. Such financial institution or other third party may transfer its economic short position to investors in our securities or in connection with a concurrent offering of other securities.

 

The specific terms of any lock-up provisions in respect of any given offering will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement.

 

The underwriters, dealers and agents may engage in transactions with us, or perform services for us, in the ordinary course of business for which they receive compensation.

 

LEGAL MATTERS

 

TroyGould PC, Los Angeles, California, has issued an opinion regarding certain legal matters relating to the issuance of the securities offered by this prospectus on behalf of Lixte Biotechnology Holdings, Inc. Additional legal matters may be passed upon for us, or any underwriters, dealers or agents, by counsel that we will name in the applicable prospectus supplement.

 

EXPERTS

 

The consolidated financial statements of Lixte Biotechnology Holdings, Inc. appearing in Lixte Biotechnology Holdings, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023 have been audited by Weinberg & Company, P.A., an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report thereon, which includes an explanatory paragraph as to the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. Such financial statements have been incorporated herein by reference in reliance on such report given on the authority of such firm as experts in auditing and accounting.

 

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WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

 

We file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. The SEC maintains a website at http://www.sec.gov that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding us and other issuers that file electronically with the SEC. This prospectus is only part of a registration statement on Form S-3 that we have filed with the SEC under the Securities Act, and therefore omits certain information contained in the registration statement. We have also filed exhibits and schedules with the registration statement that are excluded from this prospectus, and you should refer to the applicable exhibit or schedule for a complete description of any statement referring to any contract or other document. You may access the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part by visiting http://www.sec.gov.

 

We also maintain a website at www.lixte.com, through which you can access our SEC filings free of charge. The information set forth on our website is not part of this prospectus. The reference to our website address does not constitute incorporation by reference of the information contained on our website.

 

INFORMATION INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

 

The rules of the SEC allow us to “incorporate by reference” into this prospectus information that we have filed with the SEC under the Commission File No. 001-39717. This means we can disclose important information to you without actually including the specific information in this prospectus by referring you to SEC filings that contain that information. The information incorporated by reference is considered to be a part of this prospectus, provided that it will be automatically updated and superseded by information that we file later with the SEC. This prospectus incorporates by reference the documents listed below:

 

  Our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, as filed with the SEC on March 19, 2024;
     
  Our Current Reports on Form 8-K, as filed with the SEC on March 22, 2024 and March 28, 2024;
     
  the description of the Common Stock incorporated by reference to our Registration Statement on Form 8-A that was filed with the SEC on November 17, 2020, including any amendment or report filed for the purpose of updating such description; and
     
  all reports and other documents subsequently filed by us pursuant to Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 and 15(d) of the Exchange Act after the date of this prospectus and prior to the termination or completion of the offering of securities under this prospectus shall be deemed to be incorporated by reference in this prospectus and to be a part hereof from the date of filing such reports and other documents.

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, we are not incorporating by reference any documents, portions of documents, exhibits or other information that is deemed to have been furnished to, rather than filed with, the SEC.

 

Any statement contained in this prospectus or in a document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference into this prospectus shall be deemed to be modified or superseded for purposes of this prospectus to the extent that a statement contained in this prospectus or any other subsequently filed document that is deemed to be incorporated by reference into this prospectus modifies or supersedes the statement. Any statements so modified or superseded shall not be deemed, except as so modified or superseded, to constitute a part of this prospectus.

 

We will provide without charge to each person, including any beneficial owner, to whom a copy of this prospectus is delivered, upon written or oral request of any such person, a copy of any or all of the documents that has been or may be incorporated by reference into this prospectus (excluding certain exhibits to the documents) at no cost. Any such request to us may be made by writing or telephoning our Investor Relations department at the following address and telephone number:

 

680 East Colorado Boulevard, Suite 180

Pasadena, California 91101

Telephone: (631) 830-7092

 

You may also access these documents on our website, www.lixte.com. The information contained on, or that can be accessed through, our website is not a part of this prospectus. We have included our website address in this prospectus solely as an inactive textual reference.

 

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The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. The selling stockholder may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and it is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.

 

SUBJECT TO COMPLETION, DATED APRIL 23, 2024

 

Prospectus

 

583,334 Shares

 

 

Common Stock

 

Pursuant to this prospectus, the selling stockholder identified herein is offering on a resale basis 583,334 shares of our common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, issuable upon exercise of certain common stock warrants (the “Warrants”). We issued the Warrants in an exempt private offering (the “Private Placement”) pursuant to a securities purchase agreement, dated July 20, 2023 (the “Purchase Agreement”) with the selling stockholder. We will not receive any of the proceeds from the sale by the selling stockholder of the common stock. However, upon exercise of the Warrants by payment of cash, we will receive the exercise price of the Warrants.

 

The selling stockholder may sell or otherwise dispose of the common stock covered by this prospectus in a number of different ways and at varying prices. We provide more information about how the selling stockholder may sell or otherwise dispose of the common stock covered by this prospectus in the section entitled “Plan of Distribution”. Discounts, concessions, commissions and similar selling expenses attributable to the sale of common stock covered by this prospectus will be borne by the selling stockholder. We will pay all expenses (other than discounts, concessions, commissions and similar selling expenses) relating to the registration of the common stock with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC.

 

You should carefully read this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement, together with the documents we incorporate by reference, before you invest in our common stock.

 

Our common stock is listed on The Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “LIXT”. On April 19, 2024, the last reported sale price for our common stock was $3.47 per share.

 

Investing in common stock involves risk. Please read carefully the section entitled Risk Factorsbeginning on page 5 of this prospectus.

 

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

 

The date of this prospectus is April , 2024.

 

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

  Page
   
About This Prospectus S-ii
Summary S-1
Company Overview S-1
Corporate Information S-1
Private Placement S-1
Risk Factors S-2
Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements S-2
Use of Proceeds S-2
Description of Capital Stock S-3
Private Placement of Warrants S-5
Selling Stockholder S-5
Plan of Distribution S-6
Legal Matters S-7
Experts S-7
Where You Can Find More Information S-7
Information We Incorporate By Reference S-8

 

About This Prospectus

 

This prospectus is part of a registration statement that we filed with the SEC utilizing a “shelf” registration process. Under this shelf registration process, the selling stockholder may sell the securities described in this prospectus in one or more offerings. A prospectus supplement may add to, update or change the information contained in this prospectus. You should read this prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplement, together with the information incorporated herein by reference as described under the headings “Where You Can Find More Information” and “Information We Incorporate by Reference”.

 

You should rely only on the information that we have provided or incorporated by reference in this prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplement. We have not authorized, nor has the selling stockholder authorized, any dealer, salesman or other person to give any information or to make any representation other than those contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus or any applicable prospectus supplement. You should not rely upon any information or representation not contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus or any accompanying prospectus supplement. We take no responsibility for, and can provide no assurance as to the reliability of, any other information that others may give you.

 

This prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement do not constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy any securities other than the registered securities to which they relate, nor do this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy securities in any jurisdiction to any person to whom it is unlawful to make such offer or solicitation in such jurisdiction. You should not assume that the information contained in this prospectus or any applicable prospectus supplement is accurate on any date subsequent to the date set forth on the front of the document or that any information we have incorporated by reference is correct on any date subsequent to the date of the document incorporated by reference, even though this prospectus or any applicable prospectus supplement is delivered or securities are sold on a later date.

 

References in this prospectus to the terms “Lixte”, “we”, “us”, “our” or the “Company” or other similar terms refer collectively to Lixte Biotechnology Holdings, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiary, unless we state otherwise or the context indicates otherwise.

 

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Summary

 

This summary highlights certain information appearing elsewhere in this prospectus and in the documents we incorporate by reference into this prospectus. The summary is not complete and does not contain all of the information that you should consider before investing in our common stock. After you read this summary, you should read and consider carefully the entire prospectus and any prospectus supplement and the more detailed information and financial statements and related notes that are incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement. If you invest in our common stock, you are assuming a high degree of risk.

 

Company Overview

 

We are a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company dedicated to improving patients’ lives by developing a drug class called Protein Phosphatase 2A inhibitors.

 

Our product pipeline is primarily focused on inhibitors of protein phosphatase 2A, used in combination with cytotoxic agents and/or x-ray, immune checkpoint blockers and other cancer therapies. We believe that inhibitors of protein phosphatases have significant therapeutic potential for a broad range of cancers. We are focusing on the clinical development of a specific protein phosphatase inhibitor, referred to as LB-100, which has been shown to have clinical anti-cancer activity at doses that produce little or no toxicity.

 

Our activities are subject to significant risks and uncertainties, including the need for additional capital. We have not yet commenced any revenue-generating operations, do not have positive cash flows from operations, rely on stock-based compensation for a substantial portion of employee and consultant compensation, and are dependent on periodic infusions of equity capital to fund its operating requirements.

 

Corporate Information

 

We are incorporated in Delaware, and our corporate office is located at 680 East Colorado Boulevard, Suite 180, Pasadena, California 91101. Our telephone number is (631) 830-7092. Our corporate website address is www.lixte.com. Information contained on or accessible through our website is not a part of this prospectus, and the inclusion of our website address in this prospectus is an inactive textual reference only.

 

Our common stock and warrants trade on The Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbols “LIXT” and “LIXTW”, respectively.

 

Our principal Internet address is www.lixte.com. Information contained on, or that can be accessed through, our website, is not, and shall not be deemed to be, incorporated in this prospectus or considered a part thereof. We make available free of charge on www.lixte.com our annual, quarterly and current reports, and amendments to those reports, as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the SEC. The SEC maintains an Internet site that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC at http://www.sec.gov.

 

Private Placement

 

On July 20, 2023, we entered into a securities purchase agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with the selling stockholder pursuant to which we agreed to issue and sell warrants (the “Warrants”) to purchase an aggregate of up to 583,334 shares of common stock. The Warrants are exercisable beginning on the date of issuance at a price per share of $6.00 and will expire five years thereafter.

 

Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, the Company agreed to file a registration statement on Form S-3 for the resale by the selling stockholder of the shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants.

 

We are filing the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part to satisfy our obligations under the Purchase Agreement.

 

S-1
 

 

Risk Factors

 

Investing in our common stock involves risk. Prior to making a decision about investing in our common stock, you should carefully consider the risk factors discussed under the heading “Risk Factors” in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, which is incorporated herein by reference and may be amended, supplemented or superseded from time to time by other reports we file with the SEC in the future. If any of these risks actually occurs, our business, results of operations and financial condition could suffer. In that case, the trading price of our common stock could decline, and you could lose all or a part of your investment.

 

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

 

This prospectus, any accompanying prospectus supplement, and the documents incorporated by reference herein and therein may contain forward looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. All statements other than statements of historical fact contained in this prospectus, any accompanying prospectus supplement and the documents incorporated by reference herein and therein, including statements regarding future events, our future financial performance, business strategy, and plans and objectives of management for future operations, are forward-looking statements. We have attempted to identify forward-looking statements by terminology including “anticipates”, “believes”, “can”, “continue”, “could”, “estimates”, “expects”, “intends”, “may”, “plans”, “potential”, “predicts”, “should” or “will” or the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology. Although we do not make forward looking statements unless we believe we have a reasonable basis for doing so, we cannot guarantee their accuracy. These statements are only predictions and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors, including the risks outlined under “Risk Factors” or elsewhere in this prospectus, the any accompanying prospectus supplement and the documents incorporated by reference herein and therein, which may cause our or our industry’s actual results, levels of activity, performance or achievements expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. Moreover, we operate in a highly regulated, very competitive, and rapidly changing environment. New risks emerge from time to time and it is not possible for us to predict all risk factors, nor can we address the impact of all factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause our actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements.

 

We have based these forward-looking statements largely on our current expectations and projections about future events and financial trends that we believe may affect our financial condition, results of operations, business strategy, short term and long-term business operations, and financial needs. These forward-looking statements are subject to certain risks and uncertainties that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those reflected in the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to, those discussed (i) in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, (ii) in this prospectus and (iii) in other documents we file with the SEC. The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 and the notes incorporated by reference herein. We undertake no obligation to revise or publicly release the results of any revision to these forward-looking statements, except as required by law. In light of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, the forward-looking events and circumstances discussed in this prospectus may not occur and actual results could differ materially and adversely from those anticipated or implied in the forward-looking statement.

 

You should not place undue reliance on any forward-looking statement, each of which applies only as of the date of this prospectus. You are advised to consult any further disclosures we make on related subjects in our reports on Forms 10-Q, 8-K and 10-K filed with the SEC.

 

Use of Proceeds

 

We will not receive any of the proceeds from any sale or other disposition of the common stock covered by this prospectus. All proceeds from the sale of the common stock will be paid directly to the selling stockholder. However, we will receive proceeds upon the cash exercise of the Warrants. Assuming full cash exercise of the Warrants, we would receive approximately $3.5 million. We currently intend to use any cash proceeds from a Warrant exercise for working capital and continuing operating expenses, including, without limitation, for further clinical development of our lead compound LB-100.

 

 

S-2
 

 

Description of Capital Stock

 

Common Stock

 

We are authorized to issue up to a total of 100,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share. Holders of our common stock are entitled to one vote for each share held on all matters submitted to a vote of our stockholders. Holders of our common stock have no cumulative voting rights.

 

Further, holders of our common stock have no pre-emptive or conversion rights or other subscription rights. Upon our liquidation, dissolution or winding-up, holders of our common stock are entitled to share in all assets remaining after payment of all liabilities and the liquidation preferences of any of our outstanding shares of preferred stock. Subject to preferences that may be applicable to any outstanding shares of preferred stock, holders of our common stock are entitled to receive dividends, if any, as may be declared from time to time by our board of directors out of our assets which are legally available. Each outstanding share of our common stock is, and all shares of common stock to be issued in this offering when they are paid for will be, fully paid and non-assessable.

 

The holders of 33-1/3% of the shares of our common stock outstanding, represented in person or by proxy, are necessary to constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at any meeting. Except in regards to proposals that require the approval of the majority of the issued and outstanding shares, if a quorum is present, an action by stockholders entitled to vote on a matter is approved if the number of votes cast in favor of the action exceeds the number of votes cast in opposition to the action, with the exception of the election of directors, which requires a plurality of the votes cast.

 

Preferred Stock

 

Our Board of Directors has the authority, without further action by the stockholders, to issue up to 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock in one or more series and to fix the designations, powers, preferences, privileges, and relative participating, optional, or special rights as well as the qualifications, limitations, or restrictions of the preferred stock, including dividend rights, conversion rights, voting rights, terms of redemption, and liquidation preferences, any or all of which may be greater than the rights of the common stock. Our Board of Directors, without stockholder approval, will be able to issue convertible preferred stock with voting, conversion, or other rights that could adversely affect the voting power and other rights of the holders of common stock. Preferred stock could be issued quickly with terms calculated to delay or prevent a change of control or make removal of management more difficult. Additionally, the issuance of preferred stock may have the effect of decreasing the market price of our common stock, and may adversely affect the voting and other rights of the holders of common stock. At present, we have no plans to issue any shares of preferred stock following this offering.

 

We have designated a total of 350,000 shares as our Series A Convertible Preferred Stock which are non-voting and not subject to increase without the written consent of a majority of the holders of such series. The holders of each tranche of 175,000 shares are entitled to receive a per share dividend equal to 1% of our annual net revenue divided by 175,000, until converted or redeemed. Each share of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock may be converted, at the option of the holder, into 0.20833 shares of common stock (subject to customary anti-dilution provisions), and are subject to mandatory conversion at the conversion rate in the event of a merger or sale transaction resulting in gross proceeds to us of at least $21,875,000. Each share has a liquidation preference based on its assumed conversion into shares of common stock.

 

Our Board of Directors will fix the designations, voting powers, rights, preferences and privileges of each series, as well as the qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof, of the preferred stock of each series that we offer under this prospectus and applicable prospectus supplements in the certificate of designation relating to that series. We will file as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, or will incorporate by reference from reports that we file with the SEC, the form of any certificate of designation that describes the terms of the series of preferred stock we are offering before the issuance of that series of preferred stock. This description will include:

 

  the title and stated value;
     
  the number of shares being offered;

 

S-3
 

 

  the liquidation preference per share;
     
  the purchase price per share;
     
  the dividend rate per share, dividend period and payment dates and method of calculation for dividends;
     
  whether dividends will be cumulative or non-cumulative and, if cumulative, the date from which dividends will accumulate;
     
  our right, if any, to defer payment of dividends and the maximum length of any such deferral period;
     
  the procedures for any auction and remarketing, if any;
     
  the provisions for a sinking fund, if any;
     
  the provisions for redemption or repurchase, if applicable, and any restrictions on our ability to exercise those redemption and repurchase rights;
     
  any listing of the preferred stock on any securities exchange or market;
     
  whether the preferred stock will be convertible into common stock, and the conversion rate or conversion price, or how they will be calculated, and the exchange period;
     
  voting rights, if any, of the preferred stock;
     
  preemption rights, if any;

 

  restrictions on transfer, sale or other assignment, if any;
     
  a discussion of any material or special United States federal income tax considerations applicable to the preferred stock;
     
  the relative ranking and preferences of the preferred stock as to dividend rights and rights if we liquidate, dissolve or wind up our affairs;
     
  the limitations on issuances of any class or series of preferred stock ranking senior to or on a parity with the series of preferred stock being issued as to dividend rights and rights if we liquidate, dissolve or wind up our affairs; and
     
  any other specific terms, rights, preferences, privileges, qualifications or restrictions of the preferred stock.

 

Upon issuance, the shares of preferred stock will be fully paid and non-assessable.

 

Transfer Agent and Registrar

 

The transfer agent and registrar for our common stock is Computershare Inc.

 

The Nasdaq Capital Market

 

Our common stock is listed on The Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “LIXT”.

 

S-4
 

 

Private Placement of Warrants

 

On July 20, 2023, we entered into a securities purchase agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with the selling stockholder pursuant to which we agreed to issue and sell warrants (the “Warrants”) to purchase an aggregate of up to 583,334 shares of common stock. The Warrants are exercisable beginning on the date of issuance at a price per share of $6.00 and will expire five years thereafter.

 

Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, the Company agreed to file a registration statement on Form S-3 for the resale by the selling stockholder of the shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants.

 

We are filing the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part to satisfy our obligations under the Purchase Agreement.

 

Selling Stockholder

 

The common stock being offered by the selling stockholder are those issuable to the selling stockholder upon exercise of the Warrants. For additional information regarding the issuance of those Warrants, see “Private Placement of Warrants” above. We are registering the shares of Common Stock in order to permit the selling stockholder to offer the shares for resale from time to time. Except for the beneficial ownership of securities of the Company, including the Warrants, neither the selling stockholder nor any persons who have control over the selling stockholder has had any material relationship with the Company within the past three years.

 

The table below lists the selling stockholder and other information regarding the beneficial ownership (as determined under Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act) of the shares of common stock by the selling stockholder. The second column lists the number of shares of common stock beneficially owned by the selling stockholder, based on its ownership of the shares of common stock, options to purchase common stock, and warrants to purchase common stock, as of April 19, 2024, assuming exercise in full of the Warrants held by the selling stockholder on that date, without regard to any limitations on exercises. The third column lists the maximum number of shares of common stock that may be sold or otherwise disposed of by the selling stockholder pursuant to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part. The selling stockholder may sell or otherwise dispose of some, all or none of its shares of common stock. The fourth column assumes the sale of all of the shares of common stock offered by the selling stockholder pursuant to this prospectus, without regard to any limitations on exercises.

 

Under the terms of the Warrants, the selling stockholder may not exercise the Warrants to the extent such exercise would cause the selling stockholder, together with its affiliates and attribution parties, to beneficially own a number of shares of common stock which would exceed 4.99% or 9.99%, as applicable, of our then outstanding shares of common stock following such exercise, excluding for purposes of such determination the shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants which have not been exercised. The number of shares of common stock owned prior to the offering in the second column and the number of shares of common stock owned after the offering in the fourth column do not reflect this limitation. The selling stockholder may sell all, some or none of their shares of common stock in this offering. See “Plan of Distribution”.

 

  

Number of

Shares of

   Maximum Number of Shares of Common Stock  

Shares Owned

Immediately After Sale of

Maximum Number of

Shares in this Offering

 
Name of Selling Stockholder 

Common Stock

Owned Prior to

Offering(3)

  

to be Sold

Pursuant to this

Prospectus

   Number  

Percentage of

Outstanding

Common Stock(2)

 
Armistice Capital, LLC(1)   1,166,668     583,334    583,334    25.93%
Total   1,166,668    583,334    583,334    25.93%

 

S-5
 

 

(1) The securities are directly held by Armistice Capital Master Fund Ltd., a Cayman Islands exempted company (the “Master Fund”), and may be deemed to be beneficially owned by: (i) Armistice Capital, LLC (“Armistice Capital”), as the investment manager of the Master Fund; and (ii) Steven Boyd, as the Managing Member of Armistice Capital. The Warrants are subject to a beneficial ownership limitation of 4.99%, which such limitation restricts the selling stockholder from exercising that portion of the Warrants that would result in the Selling Stockholder and its affiliates owning, after exercise, a number of shares of common stock in excess of the beneficial ownership limitation. The address of Armistice Capital Master Fund Ltd. is c/o Armistice Capital, LLC, 510 Madison Avenue, 7th Floor, New York, New York 10022.

 

(2) Percentages are based on 2,249,290 shares of common stock outstanding on April 19, 2024.

 

(3) Consists of an aggregate of shares of common stock beneficially owned and is comprised of (i) 180,000 shares of common stock; (ii) 403,334 shares of common stock that were issuable upon exercise of pre-funded warrants that were exercised during the period from July 24, 2023 through August 7, 2023; and (iii) 583,334 shares of common stock that are currently issuable upon the exercise of the Warrants.

 

Plan of Distribution

 

The selling stockholder and any of its pledges, assignees and successors-in-interest may from time to time, sell any or all of their shares of common stock covered hereby on The Nasdaq Capital Market or any other stock exchange, market or trading facility on which the common stock is traded or in private transactions. These sales may be at fixed or negotiated prices. The selling stockholder may use any one or more of the following methods when selling shares of common stock:

 

● ordinary brokerage transactions and transactions in which the broker-dealer solicits purchasers;

 

● block trades in which the broker-dealer will attempt to sell the shares as agent but may position and resell a portion of the block as principal to facilitate the transaction;

 

● purchases by a broker-dealer as principal and resale by the broker-dealer for its account;

 

● an exchange distribution in accordance with the rules of the applicable exchange;

 

● privately negotiated transactions;

 

● settlement of short sales;

 

● in transactions through broker-dealers that agree with the selling stockholder to sell a specified number of shares of common stock at a stipulated price per share;

 

● through the written settlement of options or other hedging transactions, whether through an options exchange or otherwise;

 

● a combination of any such methods of sale; or

 

● any other method permitted pursuant to applicable law.

 

The selling stockholder may also sell shares of common stock under Rule 144 or any other exemption from registration under the Securities Act, if available, rather than under this prospectus.

 

Broker-dealers engaged by the selling stockholder may arrange for other brokers-dealers to participate in sales. Broker-dealers may receive commissions or discounts from the selling stockholder (or, if any broker-dealer acts as agent for the purchaser of shares of common stock, from the purchaser) in amounts to be negotiated, but, except as set forth in a supplement to this prospectus, in the case of an agency transaction not in excess of a customary brokerage commission in compliance with Rule 2121 of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, or FINRA; and in the case of a principal transaction, a markup or markdown in compliance with FINRA Rule 2121.

 

S-6
 

 

In connection with the sale of the shares of common stock covered by this prospectus or interests therein, the selling stockholder may enter into hedging transactions with broker-dealers or other financial institutions, which may in turn engage in short sales of the shares of common stock in the course of hedging the positions they assume. The selling stockholder may also sell shares of common stock short and deliver these shares to close out their short positions, or loan or pledge the shares to broker-dealers that in turn may sell these shares. The selling stockholder may also enter into option or other transactions with broker-dealers or other financial institutions or create one or more derivative securities which require the delivery to such broker-dealer or other financial institution of shares of common stock covered by this prospectus, which shares such broker-dealer or other financial institution may resell pursuant to this prospectus (as supplemented or amended to reflect such transaction).

 

The selling stockholder and any broker-dealers or agents that are involved in selling the shares of common stock covered hereby may be deemed to be “underwriters” within the meaning of the Securities Act in connection with such sales. In such event, any commissions received by such broker-dealers or agents and any profit on the resale of the shares purchased by them may be deemed to be underwriting commissions or discounts under the Securities Act. Each selling stockholder has informed the Company that it does not have any written or oral agreement or understanding, directly or indirectly, with any person to distribute the shares of common stock.

 

The Company is required to pay certain fees and expenses incurred by the Company incident to the registration of the shares of common stock covered hereby. The Company has agreed to indemnify the selling stockholder against certain losses, claims, damages and liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act.

 

We agreed to keep the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part effective until the selling stockholder does not own any Warrants or common stock issuable upon exercise thereof. The shares of common stock will be sold only through registered or licensed brokers or dealers if required under applicable state securities laws. In addition, in certain states, the shares of common stock covered hereby may not be sold unless they have been registered or qualified for sale in the applicable state or an exemption from the registration or qualification requirement is available and is complied with.

 

Under applicable rules and regulations under the Exchange Act, any person engaged in the distribution of the shares of common stock covered hereby may not simultaneously engage in market making activities with respect to the common stock for the applicable restricted period, as defined in Regulation M, prior to the commencement of the distribution. In addition, the selling stockholder will be subject to applicable provisions of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder, including Regulation M, which may limit the timing of purchases and sales of the common stock by the selling stockholder or any other person. We will make copies of this prospectus available to the selling stockholder and have informed it of the need to deliver a copy of this prospectus to each purchaser at or prior to the time of the sale (including by compliance with Rule 172 under the Securities Act).

 

Legal Matters

 

The validity of the shares of common stock offered hereby will be passed upon for us by TroyGould PC, Los Angeles, California.

 

Experts

 

The consolidated financial statements of Lixte Biotechnology Holdings, Inc. appearing in Lixte Biotechnology Holdings, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023 have been audited by Weinberg & Company, P.A., an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report thereon, which includes an explanatory paragraph as to the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. Such financial statements have been incorporated herein by reference in reliance on such report given on the authority of such firm as experts in auditing and accounting.

 

Where You Can Find More Information

 

We file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC, which are available at the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov. In addition, we maintain a website that contains information about us at http://www.lixte.com. The information found on, or otherwise accessible through, our website is not incorporated into, and does not form a part of, this prospectus supplement or any other report or document we file with or furnish to the SEC.

 

S-7
 

 

We have filed with the SEC a registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333- ) under the Securities Act with respect to the shares of common stock offered by this prospectus supplement. When used in this prospectus supplement, the term “registration statement” includes amendments to the registration statement as well as the exhibits, schedules, financial statements and notes filed as part of the registration statement or incorporated by reference therein. This prospectus supplement, which constitutes a part of the registration statement, omits some information contained in the registration statement in accordance with SEC rules and regulations. You should review the information and exhibits in the registration statement for further information on us and our consolidated subsidiaries and the common stock we are offering by this prospectus supplement. Statements herein concerning any document we filed as an exhibit to the registration statement or that we otherwise filed with the SEC are not intended to be comprehensive and are qualified by reference to these filings. You should review the complete document to evaluate these statements. You can obtain a copy of the registration statement from the SEC at the address listed above or from the SEC’s website.

 

Information We Incorporate By Reference

 

The SEC allows us to “incorporate by reference” into this prospectus the information in documents we file with it, which means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to those documents. The information incorporated by reference is considered to be a part of this prospectus, and information that we file later with the SEC will automatically update and supersede this information. Any statement contained in any document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference herein shall be deemed to be modified or superseded for purposes of this prospectus to the extent that a statement contained in or omitted from this prospectus or any accompanying prospectus supplement, or in any other subsequently filed document, which also is or is deemed to be incorporated by reference herein, modifies or supersedes such statement. Any such statement so modified or superseded shall not be deemed, except as so modified or superseded, to constitute a part of this prospectus.

 

We incorporate by reference the documents listed below and any future documents that we file with the SEC (excluding any portion of such documents that are furnished and not filed with the SEC) under Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act (1) after the date of the initial filing of the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part prior to the effectiveness of the registration statement, and (2) after the date of this prospectus until the offering of the securities is terminated:

 

● Our Current Reports on Form 8-K, as filed with the SEC on March 22, 2024 and March 28, 2024;

 

● Our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, as filed with the SEC on March 19, 2024.

 

We will not, however, incorporate by reference in this prospectus any documents or portions thereof that are not deemed “filed” with the SEC, including any information furnished pursuant to Item 2.02 or Item 7.01 of our Current Reports on Form 8-K unless, and except to the extent, specified in such current reports.

 

We will provide you with a copy of any of these filings (other than an exhibit to these filings, unless the exhibit is specifically incorporated by reference into the filing requested) at no cost, if you submit a request to us by writing or telephoning our Investor Relations department at the following address and telephone number:

 

Lixte Biotechnology Holdings, Inc.

680 East Colorado Boulevard, Suite 180

Pasadena, California 91101

(631) 830-7092

 

S-8
 

 

PART II

 

INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS

 

Item 14. Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution.

 

The following table sets forth the fees and expenses to be paid by us, other than underwriting discounts and commissions, in connection with the offering of the securities described in this registration statement. All amounts shown are estimates except for the SEC registration fee.

 

SEC registration fee  $7,675.00 
FINRA filing fee   * 
Nasdaq listing fee   * 
Printing expenses   * 
Legal fees and expenses   * 
Accounting fees and expenses   * 
Transfer agent and registrar fees and expenses   * 
Trustee fees and expenses   * 
Depositary fees and expenses   * 
Warrant agent fees and expenses   * 
Miscellaneous expenses   * 
Total  $ * 

 

 

* These fees and expenses will be based upon the number of securities offerings and the amount of securities offered and accordingly cannot be estimated at this time.

 

Item 15. Indemnification of Directors and Officers.

 

Section 102 of the Delaware General Corporation Law (the “DGCL”) permits a corporation to eliminate the personal liability of directors of a corporation to the corporation or its shareholders for monetary damages for a breach of fiduciary duty as a director, except where the director breached his or her duty of loyalty, failed to act in good faith, engaged in intentional misconduct or knowingly violated a law, authorized the payment of a dividend or approved a stock repurchase in violation of Delaware corporate law or obtained an improper personal benefit.

 

Section 145 of the DGCL provides that a corporation has the power to indemnify a director, officer, employee, or agent of the corporation, or a person serving at the request of the corporation for another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise in related capacities, against expenses (including attorneys’ fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by the person in connection with an action, suit or proceeding to which he or she was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, ending or completed action, suit or proceeding by reason of such position, if such person acted in good faith and in a manner he or she reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation, and, in any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe his or her conduct was unlawful, except that, in the case of actions brought by or in the right of the corporation, no indemnification will be made with respect to any claim, issue or matter as to which such person has been adjudged to be liable to the corporation unless and only to the extent that the Delaware Court of Chancery or other adjudicating court determines that, despite the adjudication of liability but in view of all of the circumstances of the case, such person is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for such expenses which the Delaware Court of Chancery or such other court deems proper.

 

II-1
 

 

Our Amended and Restated Bylaws allow for, and our Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, provides for, indemnification of our current and former directors, officers, committee members or representatives to the full extent permitted by the DGCL. In addition, our Certificate of Incorporation as amended, provides that to the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL, a director of Lixte Biotechnology Holdings, Inc. shall not be personally liable to us or our stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director. These indemnification provisions may be sufficiently broad to permit indemnification of our officers and directors for liabilities (including reimbursement of expenses incurred) arising under the Securities Act. Our directors and officers are also covered by insurance policies maintained by us against certain liabilities for actions taken in their capacities as such, including liabilities under the Securities Act. The foregoing summary is qualified in its entirety by reference to the terms and provisions of such documents or arrangements referred above, including our Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, and our Amended and Restated Bylaws, to which you should refer and copies of which are incorporated herein by reference as Exhibits 3.1, 3.2 and 3.5, respectively, to the registration statement on Form S-3, of which this prospectus forms a part.

 

Item 16. Exhibits.

 

A list of the exhibits filed with this registration statement on Form S-3 is set forth on the Exhibit Index and is incorporated herein by reference.

 

Item 17. Undertakings.

 

(a) The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes:

 

(1) To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement:

 

(i) To include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933;

 

(ii) To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement; notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than a 20 percent change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the “Calculation of Registration Fee” table in the effective registration statement; and

 

(iii) To include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement;

 

provided, however, that paragraphs (a)(1)(i), (a)(1)(ii) and (a)(1)(iii) above do not apply if the information required to be included in a post-effective amendment by those paragraphs is contained in reports filed with or furnished to the Commission by the registrant pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 that are incorporated by reference in the registration statement, or is contained in a form of prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) that is part of the registration statement.

 

(2) That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

 

(3) To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering.

 

II-2
 

 

(4) That, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser:

 

(A) Each prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3) shall be deemed to be part of the registration statement as of the date the filed prospectus was deemed part of and included in the registration statement; and

 

(B) Each prospectus required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2), (b)(5), or (b)(7) as part of a registration statement in reliance on Rule 430B relating to an offering made pursuant to Rule 415(a)(1)(i), (vii), or (x) for the purpose of providing the information required by Section 10(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the earlier of the date such form of prospectus is first used after effectiveness or the date of the first contract of sale of securities in the offering described in the prospectus. As provided in Rule 430B, for liability purposes of the issuer and any person that is at that date an underwriter, such date shall be deemed to be a new effective date of the registration statement relating to the securities in the registration statement to which that prospectus relates, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof; provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such effective date, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such effective date.

 

(5) That, for the purpose of determining liability of the registrant under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser in the initial distribution of securities, the undersigned registrant undertakes that in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned registrant pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to such purchaser:

 

(i) Any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424;

 

(ii) Any free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant or used or referred to by the undersigned registrant;

 

(iii) The portion of any other free writing prospectus relating to the offering containing material information about the undersigned registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant; and

 

(iv) Any other communications that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned registrant to the purchaser.

 

(b) The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that, for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each filing of the registrant’s annual report pursuant to Section 13(a) or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (and, where applicable, each filing of an employee benefit plan’s annual report pursuant to section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) that is incorporated by reference in the registration statement shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

 

(c) Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act of 1933 and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act of 1933 and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

 

(d) The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes to file an application for the purpose of determining the eligibility of the trustee to act under subsection (a) of Section 310 of the Trust Indenture Act (the “Act”) in accordance with the rules and regulations prescribed by the Securities and Exchange Commission under Section 305(b)(2) of the Act.

 

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SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this Registration Statement on Form S-3 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized in the City of Pasadena, State of California, on the 23rd day of April, 2024.

 

  LIXTE BIOTECHNOLOGY HOLDINGS, INC.
  (Registrant)
   
  By: /s/ Bas van der Baan
    Bas van der Baan
    President and Chief Executive Officer, and Chairman of the Board of Directors

 

POWER OF ATTORNEY

 

KNOW ALL BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints Bas van der Baan as his or her true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent, with the full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him or her and in his or her name, place or stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all amendments to this Registration Statement (including post-effective amendments), and to file the same with all exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorney-in-fact and agent, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in connection therewith, as fully to all intents and purposes as he or she might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorney-in-fact and agent, or his or her substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Registration Statement on Form S-3 has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated below.

 

Signature   Title   Date
         
/s/ BAS VAN DER BAAN   President and Chief Executive Officer, and Chairman of the Board of Directors (Principal Executive Officer)   April 23, 2024
Bas van der Baan        
         
/s/ ROBERT N. WEINGARTEN*  

Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

  April 23, 2024
Robert N. Weingarten        
         
/s/ RENE BERNARDS*   Director   April 23, 2024
Rene Bernards        
         
/s/ STEPHEN J. FORMAN*   Director   April 23, 2024
Stephen J. Forman        
         
/s/ REGINA BROWN*   Director   April 23, 2024
Regina Brown        
         
/s/ YUN YEN*   Director   April 23, 2024
Yun Yen        

 

*By Bas van der Baan, Attorney-in-Fact

 

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EXHIBIT INDEX

 

Exhibit
Number
  Description of Document
     
1.1   Form of Underwriter Agreement**
2.1   Share Exchange Agreement dated as of June 8, 2006 among the Company, John S. Kovach and Lixte Biotechnology, Inc.1
3.1   Certificate of Incorporation, as filed with the Delaware Secretary of State on May 24, 2005.2
3.2   Certificate of Amendment of Certificate of Incorporation.3
3.3   Certificate of Designations for the Company’s Series A Convertible Preferred Stock.4
3.4   Certificate of Amendment of Certificate of Designations of the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock.5
3.5   Amended and Restated Bylaws6
3.6   Certificate of Amendment of Certificate of Incorporation7
3.7   Certificate of Amendment of Certificate of Incorporation8
4.1   Form of Common Stock Certificate**
4.2   Certificate of Designations regarding the rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions with respect to any preferred stock**
4.3   Form of Preferred Stock Certificate**
4.4   Form of Debt Securities**
4.5   Form of Warrant**
4.6   Form of Warrant Agreement**
4.7   Form of Indenture*
4.8   Form of Rights Agreement (including Form of Rights, if any)**
4.9   Common Stock Purchase Warrant9
5.1   Opinion of TroyGould PC*
10.1   Securities Purchase Agreement10
23.1   Consent of Weinberg & Company, P.A., Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm*
23.2   Consent of TroyGould PC (included in Exhibit 5.1)
24.1   Power of Attorney (included on the signature page for the initial filing)
107   Filing Fee Table*

 

1   Filed as an Exhibit 2.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 7, 2006 and incorporated herein by reference.
2   Filed as an Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form 10-SB, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 3, 2005 and incorporated herein by reference.
3   Filed as Appendix A to the Company’s Information Statement, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 19, 2006 and incorporated herein by reference.
4   Filed as an Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 18, 2015 and incorporated herein by reference.
5   Filed as an Exhibit 3.4 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 28, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference.
6   Filed as an Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 10, 2022 and incorporated herein by reference.
7   Filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 27, 2020.
8   Filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 6, 2023.
9   Filed as Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 20, 2023.
10   Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 20, 2023.
     
*   Filed herewith
**   To be filed by amendment or as an exhibit to a document incorporated by reference in this registration statement, including a Current Report on Form 8-K in connection with the offering of any securities as appropriate

 

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