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Note 13 - Stock-based Compensation
12 Months Ended
Jul. 31, 2019
Notes to Financial Statements  
Share-based Payment Arrangement [Text Block]
NOTE
1
3
:
STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
 
Stock Options
 
At
July 31, 2019,
we had
one
stock option plan, the
2019
Stock Incentive Plan (the
“2019
Plan”), which superseded and replaced the Company’s
2018
Stock Incentive Plan (collectively the “Stock Incentive Plan”), such that
no
further shares are issuable under the prior plan.
 
During Fiscal
2019,
we granted stock options under the Stock Incentive Plan to certain of our directors, officers, employees and consultants to purchase an aggregate of
2,006,350
(Fiscal
2018:
4,083,000;
and Fiscal
2017:
672,500
) shares of the Company. The expected life of the stock options granted in Fiscal
2019
was estimated at
3.7
to
5
years based on the historical life of the options. The stock options granted in Fiscal
2018
and Fiscal
2017
were estimated using the simplified method due to a lack of historical life information on issuance pertaining to the stock options with
five
year term. Under the simplified method, the expected life was determined using the mid-point of the average vesting date and the end of the contractual term. 
 
The fair value of these stock options was estimated at the date of grant, using the Black-Scholes Option Valuation Model, with the following weighted average assumptions:
 
   
Year Ended July 31,
 
   
2019
   
2018
   
2017
 
Expected Risk Free Interest Rate
 
 
1.86%
     
2.24%
     
1.28%
 
Expected Volatility
 
 
65.62%
     
67.60%
     
82.40%
 
Expected Life in Years
 
 
4.9
     
3.1
     
2.9
 
Expected Dividend Yield
 
 
0%
     
0%
     
0%
 
Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value
   
$0.53
     
$0.68
     
$0.77
 
 
The majority of the stock options granted in Fiscal
2019
have a term of
10
years, whereas the options granted during Fiscal
2018
and Fiscal
2017
have a term of
five
years. These options are subject to a
24
month vesting provision whereby, at the end of each of the
first
three
and
six
months after the grant date
12.5%
of the total stock options become exercisable, and whereby at the end of each of the
12,
18
and
24
months after the grant date
25%
of the total stock options become exercisable.
 
A continuity schedule of outstanding stock options at
July 31, 2019,
and the changes during the periods, is as follows:
 
   
Number of Stock Options
   
Weighted Average Exercise Price
 
Balance, July 31, 2016
   
12,105,858
    $
1.34
 
Granted
   
672,500
     
1.11
 
Exercised
   
(412,134
)    
0.56
 
Expired
   
(100,724
)    
4.35
 
Forfeited
   
(5,000
)    
0.93
 
Balance, July 31, 2017
   
12,260,500
     
1.33
 
Granted
   
4,083,000
     
1.40
 
Exercised
   
(1,365,625
)    
0.70
 
Forfeited
   
(66,250
)    
1.24
 
Balance, July 31, 2018
   
14,911,625
     
1.41
 
Granted
   
2,006,350
     
0.97
 
Exercised
   
(259,625
)    
1.12
 
Forfeited/cancelled
   
(910,000
)    
2.41
 
Expired
   
(10,000
)    
1.50
 
Balance, July 31, 2019
 
 
15,738,350
   
$
1.30
 
 
The table below sets forth the number of shares issued and cash received upon exercise of the stock options:
 
   
Year Ended July 31,
 
   
2019
   
2018
   
2017
 
Number of Shares Issued Upon Exercise of Options
 
 
125,879
     
1,094,589
     
264,727
 
Number of Options Exercised on Forfeiture Basis
 
 
193,375
     
580,625
     
309,634
 
Number of Net Shares Issued
 
 
59,629
     
309,589
     
162,227
 
Number of Options Exercised on Cash Basis
 
 
66,250
     
785,000
     
102,500
 
Cash Received from Exercise of Stock Options
 
$
72,363
    $
530,050
    $
56,925
 
Total Intrinsic Value of Options Exercised
 
$
134,174
    $
1,049,694
    $
232,205
 
 
A continuity schedule of outstanding non-vested stock options at
July 31, 2019,
and the changes during the periods, is as follows:
 
   
Number of Unvested Stock Options
   
Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value
 
Balance, July 31, 2016
   
2,323,000
    $
0.51
 
Granted
   
672,500
     
0.77
 
Vested
   
(2,224,750
)    
0.56
 
Forfeited
   
(5,000
)    
0.49
 
Balance, July 31, 2017
   
765,750
     
0.58
 
Granted
   
4,083,000
     
0.68
 
Vested
   
(1,303,000
)    
0.65
 
Forfeited
   
(66,250
)    
0.62
 
Balance, July 31, 2018
   
3,479,500
    $
0.68
 
Granted
   
2,006,350
     
0.53
 
Vested
   
(2,055,250
)    
0.68
 
Forfeited
   
(120,000
)    
0.67
 
Balance, July 31, 2019
 
 
3,310,600
   
$
0.59
 
 
At
July 31, 2019,
the aggregate intrinsic value of all outstanding stock options granted under the Stock Incentive Plan was estimated at
$182,339
(vested:
$91,712
and unvested:
$90,628
).
 
At
July 31, 2019,
the unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested stock options granted under the Stock Incentive Plan was
$1,288,825
expected to be recognized over
1.11
years.
 
A summary of stock options outstanding and exercisable at
July 31, 2019
is as follows:
 
 
     
Options Outstanding
   
Options Exercisable
 
Range of
Exercise
Prices
 
Outstanding at
July 31, 2019
   
Weighted Average Exercise Price
   
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years)
   
Exercisable at
July 31, 2019
   
Weighted Average Exercise Price
   
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years)
 
$0.93
to
$0.99
   
3,643,100
    $
0.94
     
6.07
     
1,766,750
    $
0.94
     
1.90
 
$1.00
to
$1.49
   
9,465,000
     
1.28
     
0.97
     
8,989,000
     
1.28
     
0.85
 
$1.50
to
$3.75
   
2,630,250
     
1.86
     
3.29
     
1,672,000
     
2.06
     
2.89
 
 
 
 
   
15,738,350
    $
1.30
     
2.54
     
12,427,750
    $
1.34
     
1.27
 
 
Subsequent to
July 31, 2019,
the Company paid Fiscal
2019
bonuses to certain of our directors, officers, employees and consultants, which were paid in the form of cash, compensation shares (the “Bonus Shares”) and stock options. The Bonus Shares were issued and the stock options were granted under the Company’s Stock Incentive Plan. The cash bonus of
$659,000
and withholding amounts associated with the Bonus Shares were included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities, and
188,914
Bonus Shares with a fair value of
$187,100
was reported as share issuance obligations on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet as at
July 31, 2019.
The stock options to purchase
597,650
shares of the Company are exercisable at
$0.91
per share vesting over a period of
24
months with a term of
10
years.
 
Subsequent to
July 31, 2019,
stock options to purchase an aggregate of
5,990,000
shares of the Company with a weighted average exercise price of
$1.34
per share, expired unexercised.
 
Restricted Stock Units
 
During Fiscal
2019,
the Company granted an aggregate of
465,000
RSUs with a fair value of
$0.9421
per share, determined using the share price at the date of grant, to certain directors and officers of the Company under the Stock Incentive Plan. These RSUs have a vesting period of
three
years from the grant date such that
one
-
third
of the RSUs will vest, and
one
-
third
of the resulting RSU shares will be issued, at a deemed issuance price of
$0.9421
per RSU share, at the end of each of the first,
second
and
third
year, respectively, from the date of grant.
 
During Fiscal
2019,
no
RSU shares were vested and
no
amortization was recorded as the amount was immaterial. At
July 31, 2019
outstanding unvested RSUs totaled
465,000.
 
Performance Based Restricted Stock Units
 
During Fiscal
2019,
the Company granted an aggregate of
445,000
PRSUs to the Company’s executive officers. These PRSUs shall vest based on certain performance goals measured on the Company’s share price relative to the Global
X
Uranium ETF. On each anniversary from the grant date over the next
three
years (the “Performance Period”), depending on the performance, the percentage eligible to vest at end of each anniversary would range from
0%
to
200%
of the PRSU. The vested PRSUs will accrue annually and will
not
settle until the end of the Performance Period. Each unit of vested PRSU converts into
one
common share of the Company at the end of the
three
years Performance Period. There are
no
cash settlement alternatives. The PRSUs carry neither rights to dividends nor voting rights. The Company accounts for the PRSU as an equity-settled plan.
 
These PRSUs have a market condition considered in the determination of the fair value such that the ultimate number of units that vest will be determined in part by total shareholder relative to a group of peer companies. The fair value of these PRSUs was estimated at
$1.15
per share at the date of grant using a Monte Carlo simulation model with the following principal assumptions:
 
Expected Risk Free Interest Rate
 
 1.99%
to
2.20%
Expected Volatility
 
 56.74%
to
61.75%
Expected Dividend Yield
 
 
0%
 
Expected Life in Years
 
 
3
 
Correlation
 
 
57.10%
 
 
During Fiscal
2019,
no
PRSUs were vested and
no
amortization was recorded as the amount was immaterial. At
July 31, 2019,
outstanding unvested PRSUs totaled
445,000.
 
Stock
-
Based Compensation
 
A summary of stock-based compensation expense for Fiscal
2019,
Fiscal
2018
and Fiscal
2017
is as follows:
  
   
Year Ended July 31,
 
   
2019
   
2018
   
2017
 
Stock-Based Compensation for Consultants
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Common stock issued for consulting services
 
$
644,307
    $
740,640
    $
1,184,660
 
Amortization of stock option expenses
 
 
153,549
     
582,842
     
469,815
 
   
 
797,856
     
1,323,482
     
1,654,475
 
Stock-Based Compensation for Management
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Common stock issued to management
 
 
269,688
     
702,505
     
686,584
 
Amortization of stock option expenses
 
 
516,266
     
284,556
     
473,811
 
   
 
785,954
     
987,061
     
1,160,395
 
Stock-Based Compensation for Employees
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Common stock issued to employees
 
 
674,488
     
773,899
     
584,837
 
Amortization of stock option expenses
 
 
689,743
     
547,231
     
369,663
 
   
 
1,364,231
     
1,321,130
     
954,500
 
                         
Settlement of share issuance obligation
 
 
-
     
(127,615
)    
-
 
   
$
2,948,041
    $
3,504,058
    $
3,769,370