UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
FORM 10-K
| ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 | |||||
For the fiscal year ended December 31 , 2021
or
| TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 | |||||
For the transition period from to
Commission File No. 0-51754
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
| (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) | |||||||
(303 ) 848-7000
(Address, including zip code and telephone number, including area code, of registrant’s principal executive offices)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
| Title of each class: | Trading symbol: | Name of each exchange on which registered: | ||||||||||||
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
____________________________________________________________________________
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes ☐ No ☒
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company,” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
| Accelerated filer | Non-accelerated filer | Smaller reporting company | Emerging growth company | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| ☒ | ☐ | ☐ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☒
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ☐ No ☒
The aggregate market value of the voting common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant as of June 30, 2021 was approximately $4.6 billion. For the purpose of the foregoing calculation only, all directors and executive officers of the registrant and owners of more than 10% of the registrant’s common stock are assumed to be affiliates of the registrant. This determination of affiliate status is not necessarily conclusive for any other purpose.
The number of shares of the registrant’s common stock, par value $0.001 per shares, outstanding as of February 9, 2022 was 58,353,973 .
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). From time to time, we may also provide oral or written forward-looking statements in other materials we release to the public. Such forward-looking statements are subject to the safe harbor created by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.
Statements that refer to industry trends, projections of our future financial performance, anticipated trends in our business and other characterizations of future events or circumstances are forward-looking statements. These statements, which express management’s current views concerning future events or results, use words like “anticipate,” “assume,” “believe,” “continue,” “estimate,” “expect,” “future,” “intend,” “plan,” “project,” “strive,” and future or conditional tense verbs like “could,” “may,” “might,” “should,” “will,” “would,” and similar expressions or variations. Examples of forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements we make regarding
•our expectations regarding future trends, selling, general and administrative cost savings, expectations, and performance of our business;
•our expectations regarding supply chain disruptions and related cost increases;
•our belief that we have sufficient liquidity to fund our business operations during the next twelve months;
•our expectations about the impact of our strategic plans;
•the anticipated consummation of the HEYDUDE Acquisition (as defined herein) and the timing and benefits thereof; and
•our intent to achieve various Environmental, Social, and Governance initiatives.
Forward-looking statements are subject to risks, uncertainties and other factors, which may cause actual results to differ materially from future results expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from the forward-looking statements include, without limitation, those described in Part I - Item 1A. Risk Factors of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, elsewhere throughout this Annual Report on Form 10-K, and those described from time to time in our past and future reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Caution should be taken not to place undue reliance on any such forward-looking statements. Moreover, such forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. We undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of such statements.
Risks Factors Summary
Our business is subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, including those described in Part I, Item 1A. Risk Factors of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. These risks include, but are not limited to, the following:
• our substantial dependence on the value of our brand and our failure to strengthen and preserve this value;
• the significant competition that we face;
• introducing new products, which may be difficult and expensive;
• our failure to adequately protect our trademarks and other intellectual property rights and counterfeiting of our brand;
• our failure to continue to obtain or maintain high-quality endorsers of our products;
• our reliance on technical innovation to compete in the market for our products;
• the COVID-19 pandemic;
• supply chain disruptions, which could interrupt product manufacturing and global logistics and increase product costs;
• our dependence on third-party manufacturers located outside of the U.S.;
• our dependence on the global supply chain and impacts of supply chain constraints and inflationary pressure;
• our inability to accurately forecast consumer demand;
• our third-party manufacturing operations, which must comply with labor, trade, and other laws;
• our dependence on a number of suppliers for key production materials, and any disruption in the supply of such materials;
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• changes in foreign exchange rates, most significantly but not limited to the Euro, South Korean Won, and Chinese Yuan, or other global currencies;
• the fact that we conduct significant business activity outside the U.S., which exposes us to risks of international commerce;
• changes in global economic conditions, which may adversely affect consumer spending and the financial health of our customers and others with whom we do business;
• our inability to successfully execute our long-term growth strategy, maintain or grow our current revenue and profit levels, or accurately forecast demand and supply for our products;
• our significant reliance on the use of information technology;
• our online e-commerce sites, or those of our customers, not functioning effectively;
• the dependence of our financial success in part on the strength of our relationships with, and the success of, our wholesale and distributor customers;
• the substantial fixed costs we incur with respect to company-operated retail stores;
• if substantial investments in businesses and operations fail to produce expected returns;
• our dependence on employees across the globe;
• periodic litigation, which could result in unexpected expenditures of time and resources;
• global climate change, including extreme weather conditions, natural disasters, public health issues, or other events outside of our control, as well as related regulations;
• the provisions in our restated certificate of incorporation, amended and restated bylaws, and Delaware law that could discourage a third-party from acquiring us;
• the significant operating and financial restrictions that our Revolving Credit Agreement (as defined herein) and the Indentures (as defined herein) each impose, and those that we expect the Term Loan B Credit Agreement (as defined herein) will impose, on us and certain of our subsidiaries, which may prevent us from capitalizing on business opportunities;
• changes in the method for determining LIBOR (as defined herein) and/or the replacement of LIBOR;
• our indebtedness as well as the ability to meet payment obligations under our Revolving Credit Agreement and the Notes (as defined herein);
• our ability to incur substantially more debt;
• that we may be required to record impairments of long-lived assets or incur other charges relating to our company-operated retail operations;
• the fluctuations to which our quarterly revenues and operating results are subject;
• the risks of maintaining significant cash abroad;
• changes in tax laws and unanticipated tax liabilities and adverse outcomes from tax audits or tax litigation;
• our failure to meet analyst and investor expectations;
• our ability to realize the benefits from the HEYDUDE Acquisition being substantially dependent on our ability to continue to grow HEYDUDE;
• the announcement and pendency of the HEYDUDE Acquisition;
• the failure to complete the HEYDUDE Acquisition in a timely manner or at all;
• the incurrence by us of substantial indebtedness in connection with the financing of the HEYDUDE Acquisition; and
• the transaction fees and costs that we will incur in connection with the HEYDUDE Acquisition.
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Crocs, Inc.
Table of Contents to the Annual Report on Form 10-K
For the Year Ended December 31, 2021
1
PART I
ITEM 1. Business
The Company
Crocs, Inc. and our consolidated subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company,” “Crocs,” “we,” “us,” or “our”) are engaged in the design, development, worldwide marketing, distribution, and sale of casual lifestyle footwear and accessories for women, men, and children. We strive to be the world leader in innovative casual footwear, combining comfort and style with a value that consumers want. The vast majority of shoes within our collection contain Croslite™ material, a proprietary, molded footwear technology, delivering extraordinary comfort with each step.
We run our business across three geographic regions: the Americas, Asia Pacific, and Europe, Middle East, and Africa (“EMEA”), which are discussed in more detail in “Business Segments and Geographic Information” below. Within these regions, we prioritize five core markets where we believe the greatest opportunities for growth exist: (i) China, (ii) Japan, (iii) South Korea, (iv) the U.S., and (v) Western Europe.
Our Vision
Our brand philosophy has our consumer at its heart. As a global brand “of the people, for the people,” we have successfully created a brand with a broad democratic appeal and accessible price points that is aligned with global megatrends such as casualization and personalization. Our brand philosophy and vision has been an important driver of our results and we believe will continue to be important as we realize the full potential of our brand. To that end, in 2021, we continued our message of “Come As You Are” in all regions and channels.
Our growth framework is driven by four strategic areas of focus: (i) growing digital sales, (ii) gaining market share in sandals, (iii) growth opportunities in Asia, and (iv) ongoing product and marketing innovation.
Growing Digital Sales
Digital sales include sales directly to consumers through our company-owned websites, third-party marketplaces, and wholesale sales to our global e-tailers. Our digital sales in 2021 were 36.7% of revenues, compared to 41.5% of revenues in 2020, which was higher than 2021 partially as a result of consumer migration to online shopping during the COVID-19 pandemic, and 31.1% of revenues in 2019. We plan to grow our percentage of digital sales by elevating our consumer experience, personalizing the consumer journey, and investing in capabilities to grow consumer lifetime value. We believe our digital connection with our consumers will allow us to remain nimble and maximize the full potential of the Crocs brand, while staying focused on the online channels in which our consumers are increasingly shopping.
Gaining Sandals Market Share
Sandals have long been a focus of the Company, as a large and accessible growth avenue for the brand. While we have increased sales of sandals in recent years, we believe there is an opportunity for additional growth. We discuss sandals in more depth under “Innovation in Products” below.
Growth Opportunities in Asia
As a brand with a well-established global footprint, we believe we have a long-term sales growth opportunity in the Asia Pacific segment. Our five core markets include three markets in Asia: China, Japan, and South Korea. China, in particular, which is the second largest footwear market in the world and represented about 20% of global footwear sales in 2020, is a key focus for us. Our strategy for China growth focuses on penetrating the digital channel, investing in an ‘always on’ marketing playbook to drive brand awareness and relevance, driving store growth and increased productivity within our mono-branded partner portfolio, and opening and operating a focused set of stores within major cities and in key outlet centers.
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Innovation in Products and Marketing
Products
Since we first introduced a single-style clog in six colors in 2002, we have grown to be a world leader of innovative, casual footwear for women, men, and children. Recognized globally for our unmistakable iconic clog silhouette, we have taken the successful formula of a simple design aesthetic, paired it with modern comfort, and expanded into a wide variety of casual footwear products including sandals—wedges, flips, and slides—that meet the needs of the whole family. Our mission of “everyone comfortable in their own shoes” continued in 2021 as we continued to bring to our consumers new silhouettes, compelling collaborations, trend-right colors and graphics, Crocs socks, and increased personalization through our Jibbitz™ charms accessories.
We offer a broad portfolio of all-season products, while remaining true to our core molded footwear heritage. The vast majority of Crocs™ shoes feature Croslite™ material, a proprietary, revolutionary technology that gives each pair of shoes the soft, comfortable, lightweight, non-marking, and odor-resistant qualities that our fans know and love. We also use Croslite™ material formulations in connection with material technologies used in our visible comfort collections, such as our LiteRide™ products. LiteRide™ features comfort-focused, proprietary foam insoles which are soft, lightweight, and resilient.
At the heart of our brand’s DNA are our clogs, sandals, and Jibbitz™ charms — key product pillars that we believe will drive the majority of our long-term growth.
Clogs
The Classic Clog, our most iconic style for adults and children, embodies our innovation in molding, simplicity of design, and all-day comfort. The clog product silhouette is comfortable, versatile, and accessible. It provides a blank canvas for self-expression, while naturally lending itself to innovation, including the silhouette’s expansion into height, sport, adventure, and enhanced visible comfort technologies. Our product innovation and marketing over the past several years has driven clog relevance, which in turn has created brand relevance to consumers and led to increased sales. On-trend color and prints create highly compelling newness, allowing us to highlight the latest trends in our seasonal launches. Additionally, we have made our clog a year-round silhouette via innovations such as fuzz, used in our lined footwear collection.
We anticipate the clog market will continue to expand as many new brands enter the category in the luxury, sports, and fashion spaces, and that we will continue to increase our consumer base through product design and marketing activations. We intend to continue to drive future clog growth and relevance around the world.
Sandals
We believe sandals are a natural extension of our brand, leveraging our signature molding technology to provide casual, comfortable footwear for a variety of wearing occasions. The sandals silhouette category allows us to access new consumers and broader wearing occasions as well as convert our existing clog consumers. The current sandals market is fragmented with no single dominant player, which we believe offers us the opportunity to expand. Unlike clogs where our focus is on driving relevance, with sandals, our focus is on and opportunity lies with driving awareness and consideration.
Our expectation for the potential future growth of sandals is driven by several factors. First, clog relevance with consumers has converted to interest in sandals. Our recent brand metric studies show high levels of sandal consideration from consumers, matching clog consideration in many markets. This has been driven through marketing investments which have focused advertising campaigns and collaborations on the sandal silhouette and sandal product design that incorporates personalization. Additionally, while sandals are more seasonal than clogs, they still represent a year-round opportunity, particularly in the digital channel and our warmer markets.
Personalization
Personalization has been part of our culture since the very first pair of Crocs was created. Jibbitz™ charms enhance the consumer experience by providing an outlet for customization and self-expression, driving overall consumer engagement and retention, and heightening our message of “Come As You Are™” in all channels and regions. Personalization is a unique selling proposition and is an important part of our brand. Jibbitz™ drive high levels of engagement and purchase frequency. We intend to continue to position personalization at the heart of our brand experience, and expect it will continue to be a strong driver of sales in both the clog and sandal categories.
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Our products also meet the needs of the entire family. We enjoy licensing partnerships with Disney, including Marvel and Lucasfilm, Warner Bros., Nintendo, and Nickelodeon, among others, which allow us to bring popular global franchises and characters to life on our product in a fun, exciting way.
Marketing
We concentrate our marketing efforts on our five core markets to increase customer awareness of both our brand and our full product range. Each season, we focus on presenting a compelling brand story and experience for our new product introductions as well as our on-going core products. We employ social and digital marketing centered on showcasing our clog and sandal silhouettes and our Jibbitz™ charms. We are growing our clog silhouette with new colors, graphics, licensed images, embellishments, and accessories, such as Jibbitz™ charms, that allow for personalization. We continue to invest in globally integrated advertising campaigns, as well as designer, celebrity and influencer, and brand partnerships, ranging from popular artists like Justin Bieber to a wide range of well-known brands such as Balenciaga and Hidden Valley Ranch. Innovation is not only core to our brand values; it is at the forefront of how we drive consumer acquisition and engagement. We strive to listen and respond quickly to our fans to give them new and innovative reasons to continue to choose Crocs. See Note 1 — Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements included in Part II - Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for information on total marketing costs for the year.
HEYDUDE Acquisition
On December 22, 2021, we entered into a definitive agreement to acquire the HEYDUDE brand (the “HEYDUDE Acquisition”), a privately-owned casual footwear brand, pursuant to a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Securities Purchase Agreement”).
The HEYDUDE Acquisition will further diversify our product portfolio under two brands. The HEYDUDE brand provides an ultra-light and comfortable casual footwear product that aligns with our vision. The Securities Purchase Agreement provides that we will purchase all of the issued and outstanding equity securities of HEYDUDE for a purchase price of $2.05 billion in cash (the “Cash Consideration”) and 2,852,280 in Crocs shares to be issued to one of the sellers (the “Equity Consideration Shares”). The Equity Consideration Shares will be subject to a lock-up period beginning on the closing date (the “Closing Date”) of the HEYDUDE Acquisition and continuing to, and including, the date that is 12 months after the Closing Date, provided that (a) on the date that is six months after the Closing Date, 50% of the Equity Consideration Shares will be released from the lock-up, and (b) on the date that is twelve months after the Closing Date, the remaining 50% of the Equity Consideration Shares will be released from the lock-up. The Cash Consideration is subject to adjustment based on, among other things, the cash, indebtedness, transaction expenses, and working capital of HEYDUDE as of the closing of the HEYDUDE Acquisition. We expect to finance the Cash Consideration by entering into the $2.0 billion Term Loan B Facility (as defined herein) and borrowing $50.0 million under the Revolving Facility (as defined herein).
The HEYDUDE Acquisition is expected to close in February 2022, subject to customary closing conditions.
The foregoing description of the Securities Purchase Agreement and the transactions contemplated thereby do not purport to be complete and are subject to, and qualified in their entirety by, the full text of the Securities Purchase Agreement, a copy of which is attached as Exhibit 2.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on December 23, 2021.
Environmental, Social, and Governance (“ESG”) Initiatives
As one of the world’s largest footwear companies, we strive to make a positive impact on the global footwear industry and our planet by committing to transparent, socially conscious, and sustainable business practices. All information in the below ESG discussion pertains to the Crocs brand as of December 31, 2021.
Through our established ESG Program, we intend to continuously advance our sustainable business practices with the goal of consistently delivering products that exceed customer and consumer expectations. We believe the progress of our ESG efforts is best served by disclosing goals and relevant metrics, and, to this end, we have aligned our program with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (“SDGs”) and the Sustainability Accounting Standards Board (“SASB”) framework for reporting and disclosure guidance in order to share our ESG progress. Our ESG initiatives complement our “Green Comes in Every Color” campaign, which is focused on providing Comfort Without Carbon, Comfort for our Communities, and Comfort for all People.
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Additional information related to our ESG initiatives and achievements will be published in our fiscal year 2021 ESG Report in the first half of 2022, which will be available on the Investor Relations section of our website located at www.crocs.com. The content provided in our ESG Report or accessible through our website is not incorporated by reference as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Environmental
We are committed to reducing our impact on the environment by focusing on sustainability initiatives in our operations and throughout our supply chain and product lifecycle.
In 2021, we established our ambition of becoming a Net Zero brand by 2030. We also identified four areas of focus for our sustainability strategy: (i) transitioning to more sustainable product ingredients; (ii) responsible resource use; (iii) implementing more environmentally friendly packaging; and (iv) exploring sustainable solutions for product end of life.
Our transition to more sustainable ingredients was highlighted by our announcement of production on our “shoe of the future” powered by a new bio-based Croslite. This more sustainable Croslite incorporates Dow’s new ECOLIBRIUMTM Technology that transforms sustainably-sourced waste and by-products from other industries into a shoe that has all the comfort you expect from Crocs but with a lower environmental impact than other materials. During 2021, we also eliminated leather from our product line to become a 100% vegan brand.
To keep shoes on feet and out of landfills, we donated thousands of unsold Crocs to those in need around the world. We also announced our partnership with ThredUP to give previously used items a second life and help create a more comfortable world.
We remain a member of the Sustainable Apparel Coalition to ensure our efforts are aligned with industry guidance and best practices. We also continue to leverage the Higg Index suite of tools for baselining and establishing goals across emissions, energy and water use, and waste reduction/disposal for both our internal brand activities as well as our factory partners. We continue working to align with Science-Based Targets for the purpose of developing meaningful GHG emissions reduction goals that support the prevention of climate change.
Social
Human Capital
At Crocs, our vision to make “everyone comfortable in their own shoes” starts with our people. As of December 31, 2021, we employed approximately 5,770 employees in the Americas, EMEA, and Asia Pacific. This includes approximately 3,300 employees in our retail stores, 1,400 employees at our corporate/regional offices, and 1,000 employees at our distribution centers.
We are committed to the health and safety of our employees and customers. In response to COVID-19, our corporate offices, retail stores, and distribution centers have maintained various elevated safety protocols, in accordance with local guidelines and regulations. To support our workforce, we also implemented a supplemental sick policy in 2020 for our U.S. workforce with additional hours available for paid time off related to COVID-19, which we continued for 2021 and 2022.
To ensure that we remain an employer of choice for what we believe is the most talented workforce in the footwear industry, we have implemented initiatives across our business and geographies to develop leadership capabilities, enable meaningful professional experiences, offer a compelling employee value proposition, and create a transparent, collaborative culture that “celebrates one-of-a-kinds and stands together with all different kinds.” We are also committed to an equitable total rewards philosophy as well as pay transparency in all regions.
We are proud of our culture of inclusion, which encompasses regular employee listening, employee-led inclusivity councils, and diversity at all levels. Crocs strives to create a culture of inclusion while creating a comfortable workplace through progressive people-practices where employees can freely contribute equally regardless of gender, age, race, ethnicity, national origin, disability, religion, immigration status, or sexual orientation, gender identity or expressions. Our Code of Ethics codifies these values. Crocs is also a premier partner of the UN Foundation’s #EqualEverywhere: Champions for Change Campaign promoting their global push for gender equality.
Investing in talent is a key component of our human capital strategy. Crocs is committed to identifying and developing the next generation of leadership. We conduct an annual talent and succession review with our CEO and Board of Directors (“Board”)
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with a focus on accelerating talent development, strengthening succession pipelines, and advancing diversity representation for our most critical roles.
We continue to emphasize employee development and training. We have established a culture of learning and development, with robust training at all levels on a wide range of topics from Cultivating a Sense of Belonging, Thriving through Adversity (for instance, during the COVID-19 pandemic), Guiding Dynamic Decision Making, and Facilitating Team Communication.
Crocs is committed to providing an employee value proposition that is compelling, market-competitive, and performance-based. Our compensation programs, practices, and policies reflect our commitment. We aim to generally position total direct compensation within a competitive range of the market median, with differentiation based on tenure, skills, proficiency, and performance to attract and retain key talent, and have taken aggressive steps to advance hourly wages for our workforce across the globe, including increasing our hourly workers’ average wage above $15 per hour in the U.S. and Puerto Rico as of December 31, 2021. Additionally, all full- and part-time employees based in North America are eligible for sick leave accrual based on hours worked, and we follow all applicable illness and leave requirements globally.
Our regular employee engagement surveys reflect a highly engaged global workforce, with, among others, high scores returned by employees recommending “Crocs as a great place to work” and saying “it is easy for people with diverse backgrounds to be accepted.”
Social Capital
At Crocs, we strive to ensure our products are sourced, produced, and delivered to our customers in a manner that upholds international labor and human rights standards. To this end, we have implemented measures to ensure our supply chain complies with these standards, including utilizing internal and external parties to conduct both scheduled and unannounced social compliance reviews. We also maintain a factory Social Compliance Code of Conduct and a certification process – our contracted factories and direct suppliers sign an annual Statement of Compliance, verifying that their operations are in compliance with all local laws and customs regarding hiring practices, wages, and working conditions, as well as our Code of Conduct. We recently joined the Fair Labor Association in an effort to provide further resources and transparency for protecting worker rights throughout our supply chain.
We also monitor chemicals and substances in our supply chain for compliance with legal and regulatory requirements consistent with our Restricted Substances Policy and expect our contracted factories and suppliers to take a proactive stance in eliminating any hazardous chemicals or substances in the manufacture of Crocs products. We recently joined the Apparel & Footwear International RSL Management Working Group to help reduce the use and impact of harmful substances in our supply chain.
Community
Giving back to the community is extremely important to us. Through our global “Crocs Cares” program, we focus on providing shoes, funds, and employee time to address timely human needs, to support social inclusion and equality, and to enable our employees to collaborate and give back within their local communities. In the past two years alone, we have donated over one million pairs of shoes, including our donation in 2020 of over 860,000 pairs of shoes to frontline healthcare workers and other organizations around the world as part of our “A Free Pair for Healthcare” program and additional donations in 2021 of 150,000 pairs of shoes across multiple organizations. Additionally, thanks to the generosity of our consumers in 2021, we also raised nearly $2.5 million for Feeding America, enabling over 25 million meals for those in need.
Governance
At Crocs, we have strong corporate governance mechanisms in place, along with robust internal controls over our financial reporting framework. We also have Enterprise Risk Management and Ethics & Compliance program frameworks, with regular updates provided to our Board and its committees. For our ESG efforts, Crocs has established an ESG/sustainability management and oversight framework under the direction of our Executive Vice President, Chief Legal and Risk Officer. The Governance and Nominating Committee of our Board, comprised of three independent directors, oversees our ESG efforts and receives quarterly updates on the progress of our ESG program.
Our commitment to diversity and inclusion is reflected in our Board, consisting of 38% female representation and 13% racial/ethnic minority representation as of December 31, 2021.
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We also continue to conduct annual in-person and online compliance training for all corporate employees as well as retail and distribution center management and maintain a global ethics hotline, which is administered by our Legal department.
Distribution Channels
The broad appeal of our footwear has allowed us to market our products in more than 85 countries through two distribution channels: wholesale and direct-to-consumer (“DTC”). Our wholesale channel includes domestic and international multi-brand retailers, mono-branded partner stores, e-tailers, and distributors; our DTC channel includes retail, in which we sell through company-operated stores, and e-commerce, in which we sell through company-operated e-commerce sites and third-party marketplaces.
Wholesale Channel
During the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, 50.8%, 50.0%, and 53.3% of revenues, respectively, were derived through our wholesale channel. Our wholesale channel includes domestic and international, multi-brand, brick-and-mortar retailers, e-tailers, and distributors in certain countries, including partner store operators. Brick-and-mortar customers typically include family footwear retailers, national and regional retail chains, sporting goods stores, and independent footwear retailers.
Outside the U.S., we use distributors when we believe such arrangements are economically preferable to direct sales. Distributors purchase products pursuant to a price list and are granted the right to resell those products in a defined territory, usually a country or group of countries. Our typical distribution agreements have terms of one to five years and can be terminated or renegotiated if minimum requirements or other terms are not met.
No single wholesale customer accounted for 10% or more of our total revenues for any of the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019.
Direct-to-Consumer Channel
During the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, 49.2%, 50.0%, and 46.7%, respectively, of our revenues were derived through our DTC channel.
Retail
During 2020, as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, our global retail stores were closed for a portion of the year. However, the vast majority of our stores were open throughout 2021. We operate our retail channel through three platforms: company-operated full-price retail stores, outlet stores, and kiosks/store-in-store locations. With the continued worldwide consumer shift toward e-commerce, we are carefully managing our retail fleet, especially full-priced retail stores. As of December 31, 2021, we had 373 company-operated stores. See Part II - Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for information on store locations by platform.
Our company-operated full-price retail stores allow us to effectively showcase the full extent of our product range to consumers and provide us with the opportunity to interact with those consumers directly. As of December 31, 2021, we had 107 full-price retail stores.
Our company-operated outlet stores allow us to sell discontinued and overstocked merchandise directly to consumers at discounted prices. We also sell full-priced products in certain of our outlet stores as well as built-for-outlet products. As of December 31, 2021, we had 193 outlet stores.
Our company-operated kiosks and store-in-store locations allow us to market specific product lines, with flexibility to tailor products to consumer preferences in shopping malls and other high foot-traffic areas. With efficient use of retail space and limited fixed cost and capital investment we believe kiosks and store-in-store locations can be effective vehicles for selling our products in certain geographic areas. As of December 31, 2021, we had 73 kiosks and store-in-store locations.
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The following table illustrates the net change during 2021 in the number of our company-operated retail stores by reportable operating segment and country:
| December 31, 2020 | Opened | Closed | December 31, 2021 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Americas | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| United States | 154 | 9 | 1 | 162 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Canada | 8 | — | — | 8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Puerto Rico | 3 | — | — | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Americas | 165 | 9 | 1 | 173 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Asia Pacific | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Korea | 90 | 3 | 4 | 89 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| China | 18 | 19 | 3 | 34 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Japan | 12 | 1 | — | 13 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Singapore | 17 | — | — | 17 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Asia Pacific | 137 | 23 | 7 | 153 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| EMEA | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Russia | 26 | 1 | 1 | 26 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Germany | 14 | — | — | 14 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| France | 4 | — | 2 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Austria | 3 | — | — | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| The Netherlands | 2 | — | — | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total EMEA | 49 | 1 | 3 | 47 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | 351 | 33 | 11 | 373 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
E-commerce
As of December 31, 2021, we offered our products through 14 company-operated e-commerce sites worldwide and also on third-party marketplaces. Our e-commerce presence facilitates a greater connection with our consumers and provides us with an opportunity to educate them about our products and brand. We continue to leverage increasingly sophisticated digital marketing activities to enhance the consumer experience and drive sales, thereby benefiting from the continued migration of consumers to online shopping.
Business Segments and Geographic Information
We have three reportable operating segments based on the geographic nature of our operations: the Americas, Asia Pacific, and EMEA. See Part II - Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and Note 16 — Operating Segments and Geographic Information in the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements included in Part II - Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for financial information related to our operating segments.
Raw Materials
Croslite™, our proprietary closed-cell resin brand, incorporates the primary material formulations used in the vast majority of our footwear and some of our accessories. Our Croslite™ materials are formulated to create soft, comfortable, lightweight, non-marking, and odor-resistant footwear. We continue to invest in research and development to refine our materials to enhance these properties, develop new properties for specific applications, as well as reduce our environmental impact through various ESG initiatives described in the previous section.
Croslite™ is produced by compounding elastomer resins purchased from major chemical manufacturers, together with certain other production inputs such as color dyes. Multiple suppliers produce the elastomer resins used in the Croslite™ material. In the future, we may identify and utilize materials produced by other suppliers as an alternative to, or in addition to, those elastomer resins. All of the other raw materials that we use to produce the Croslite™ formulations are readily available for purchase from multiple suppliers.
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Some of the products we offer are constructed using textile fabrics or other material formulations, such as those we brand LiteRide™. These materials are obtained from a number of third-party sources, and we believe these materials are also broadly available.
Sourcing, Distribution, and Logistics
Our sourcing strategy is to maintain a flexible, globally-diversified, cost-efficient third-party manufacturing base. We source our inventory production from multiple third-party manufacturers, primarily in Vietnam and China. In response to production delays in 2021 associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly in Vietnam, we have further diversified our manufacturers. These delays are further described in the risk factor under “Risks Related to Our Supply Chain — Supply chain disruptions could interrupt product manufacturing and global logistics and increase product costs” included in Item 1A. Risk Factors of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
During the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, approximately 56%, 75%, and 61%, respectively, of our production was in Vietnam, while our largest third-party manufacturer, operating in both Vietnam and China, produced approximately 34%, 46%, and 38%, respectively, and our second largest third-party manufacturer, primarily operating in both Vietnam and China, produced approximately 30%, 22%, and 17%, respectively, of our footwear unit volume. We believe any potential concentration risk is mitigated by the fact that the manufacturing capabilities required to produce our footwear are broadly available. Additionally, we began to further diversify our manufacturers in 2021 to add capacity in other countries, particularly China and Indonesia, in response to Vietnam factory closures as a result of COVID-19. See the risk factor under “Risks Related to Our Supply Chain — We depend solely on third-party manufacturers located outside of the U.S.” included in Item 1A. Risk Factors of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for information on risks associated with sourcing.
We strive to enhance our distribution and logistics network to further streamline our supply chain, increase our speed to market, and lower operating costs. As of December 31, 2021, we principally stored our finished goods inventory in company-operated warehouses and distribution and logistics facilities located in the U.S. and the Netherlands. During 2021, we opened a new EMEA distribution center in the Netherlands and began further expansion of our U.S. distribution center in Ohio to increase distribution capacity and increase automation, which we expect will maximize throughput and support our anticipated growth. We also utilized third-party operated distribution centers located in Japan, China, Australia, Korea, Singapore, India, Russia, and Brazil. As of December 31, 2021, our company-operated warehouse and distribution facilities provided us with 1.6 million square feet, and our third-party operated distribution facilities provided us with 0.5 million square feet, with additional area available based on inventory levels. We also ship directly to certain of our wholesale customers from our third-party manufacturers, and certain distributors pick up orders directly from our third-party manufacturers.
As a result of global industry-wide logistics challenges in 2021, we implemented several mitigating measures including: (i) prioritizing top-selling products and narrowing product assortment, which has and will continue to improve factory throughput, (ii) maintaining flexibility by leveraging air freight and reducing our dependency on congested West Coast ports in the United States by adding East Coast trans-shipment capabilities, and (iii) strategically allocating units and prioritizing our key growth initiatives. With the actions taken to date and our future plans, we believe Crocs is well-positioned to withstand these supply challenges. See the risk factor under “Risks Related to Our Supply Chain — Supply chain disruptions could interrupt product manufacturing and global logistics and increase product costs” included in Item 1A. Risk Factors of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for information on risks associated with sourcing.
Intellectual Property and Trademarks
We rely on a combination of trademarks, copyrights, trade secrets, trade dress, and patent protections to establish, protect, and enforce our intellectual property rights in our product designs, brands, materials, and research and development efforts, although no such methods can afford complete protection. We own or license the material trademarks used in connection with the marketing, distribution, and sale of all of our products, both domestically and internationally, in most countries where our products are currently either sold or manufactured. Our major trademarks include the Crocs logo and the Crocs word mark, both of which are registered or pending registration in the U.S., the European Union, Japan, Taiwan, China, and Canada, among other countries. We also have registrations or pending trademark applications for other marks and logos in various countries around the world.
In the U.S., our patents are generally in effect for up to 20 years from the date of filing the patent application. Our trademarks registered within and outside of the U.S. are generally valid as long as they are in use and their registrations are properly maintained and have not been found to have become generic. We believe our trademarks and patents are crucial to the successful marketing and sale of our products. We strategically register, both domestically and internationally, the trademarks and patents covering certain product designs and branding that we utilize today. We aggressively police our patents,
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trademarks, and copyrights and pursue those who infringe upon them, both domestically and internationally, though litigation and otherwise as we deem necessary.
We consider the formulations of the materials used to produce our footwear covered by our trademark Croslite™ and LiteRide™, among others, valuable trade secrets. The material formulations are manufactured through a process that combines a number of components in various proportions to achieve the properties for which our products are known. We use multiple suppliers to source these components but protect the formulations by using an exclusive supply agreement for key components, confidentiality agreements with our third-party processors, and by requiring our employees to execute confidentiality agreements concerning the protection of our confidential information. Other than our third-party processors, we are unaware of any third-party using our formulations in the production of footwear. We believe the comfort and utility of our products depend on the properties achieved from the compounding of the Croslite™ and LiteRide™ materials, which constitutes a key competitive advantage for us, and we intend to continue to vigorously protect these trade secrets.
We also actively combat counterfeiting and other infringements of our brand by monitoring the global marketplace. We use our employees, sales representatives, distributors, and retailers, as well as outside investigators, attorneys, and customs agents, to police against infringing products by encouraging them to notify us of any suspect products and to assist law enforcement agencies. Our sales representatives and distributors are also educated on our patents, pending patents, trademarks, and trade dress to assist in preventing potentially infringing products from obtaining retail shelf space. The laws of certain countries do not protect intellectual property rights to the same extent or in the same manner as do the laws of the U.S., and, therefore, we may have difficulty obtaining legal protection for our intellectual property in certain foreign jurisdictions.
Competition
The global casual, athletic, and fashion footwear markets are highly competitive. Although we do not believe that we compete directly with any single company with respect to the entire spectrum of our products, we believe portions of our wholesale, retail, and e-commerce businesses compete with companies including, but not limited to: NIKE, Inc., adidas AG, Deckers Outdoor Corporation, Skechers USA, Inc., Steven Madden, Ltd., Wolverine World Wide, Inc., and VF Corporation. Our company-operated retail locations and e-commerce sites also compete with some of our wholesale partners.
The principal elements of competition in these markets include brand awareness, product functionality, design, comfort, quality, price, customer service, and marketing and distribution. We believe that our unique footwear designs, material formulations, prices, product line, and distribution network position us well in the marketplace. However, a number of companies in the casual footwear industry have greater financial resources, more comprehensive product lines, broader market presence, longer standing relationships with wholesalers, longer operating histories, greater distribution capabilities, stronger brand recognition, and greater marketing resources than we have. See the risk factor under “Risks Related to our Products — We face significant competition” included in Item 1A. Risk Factors of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for more information.
Available Information
We file with, or furnish to, the SEC reports including our Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to those reports pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act. These reports are available free of charge on our corporate website (www.crocs.com) as soon as reasonably practicable after they are electronically filed with or furnished to the SEC. Copies of any materials we file with the SEC can be obtained free of charge at www.sec.gov. The foregoing website addresses are provided as inactive textual references only. The information provided on our website (or any other website referred to in this report) is not part of this report and is not incorporated by reference as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
ITEM 1A. Risk Factors
You should carefully consider the following risk factors and all other information presented within this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The risks set forth below are those that our management believes are applicable to our business and the industry in which we operate. These risks have the potential to have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows, financial condition, liquidity, access to sources of financing, or stock price. The risks included here are not exhaustive and there may be additional risks that are not presently material or known. Because we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment, new risk factors emerge from time to time and it is not possible for us to predict all risk factors, nor can we assess the impact of all such risk factors on our business. Please also refer to the section entitled “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
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Risks Related to Our Products
Our success depends substantially on the value of our brand; failure to strengthen and preserve this value, either through our actions or those of our business partners, could have a negative impact on our financial results.
We believe much of our success has been attributable to the strength of the Crocs global brand. To be successful in the future, particularly outside of the U.S., where the Crocs global brand may be less well-known or perceived differently, we believe we must timely and appropriately respond to changing consumer demand and leverage the value of our brand across all sales channels. We may have difficulty managing our brand image across markets and international borders as certain consumers may perceive our brand image to be out of style, outdated, or otherwise undesirable. Maintaining, promoting, and growing our brand will depend on our design and marketing efforts, including product innovation and quality, advertising and consumer campaigns, as well as our ability to adapt to a rapidly changing media environment, including our reliance on social media and digital dissemination of advertising campaigns.
In the past, several footwear companies, including ours, have experienced periods of rapid growth in revenues and earnings followed by periods of declining sales and losses, and our business may be similarly affected in the future. Consumer demand for our products and our brand equity could also diminish significantly if we fail to preserve the quality of our products, are perceived to act in an unethical or socially irresponsible manner, fail to comply with laws and regulations, or fail to deliver a consistently positive consumer experience in each of our markets.
Adverse publicity about regulatory or legal action against us, or by us, could also damage our reputation and brand image, undermine consumer confidence in us, and reduce long-term demand for our products, even if the regulatory or legal action is unfounded or not material to our operations. Negative claims or publicity involving us, our products, or any of our key employees, endorsers, or business partners could materially damage our reputation and brand image, regardless of whether such claims are accurate. Social media, which accelerates and potentially amplifies the scope of negative publicity, can accelerate, and increase the impact of, negative claims. Further, business incidents that erode consumer trust, such as perceived product safety issues, whether isolated or recurring, in particular incidents that receive considerable publicity or result in litigation, can significantly reduce brand value and have a negative impact on our business and financial results. Additionally, counterfeit reproductions of our products or other infringement of our intellectual property rights, including unauthorized uses of our trademarks by third parties, could harm our brand and adversely impact our business.
We face significant competition.
The footwear industry is highly competitive. Our competitors include most major athletic and non-athletic footwear companies and retailers with their own private label footwear products. A number of our competitors have significantly greater financial resources, more comprehensive product lines, a broader market presence, longer standing relationships with wholesalers, a longer operating history, greater distribution capabilities, stronger brand recognition, less reliance on a small number of brands or product lines, and spend substantially more on product marketing than we do. Our competitors’ greater financial resources and capabilities in these areas may enable them to better withstand periodic downturns in the footwear industry and general economic conditions, compete more effectively on the basis of price and production, price their products more aggressively in the face of inflationary pressures, launch more extensive or diverse product lines, and more quickly develop new and popular products. Continued demand in the market for casual footwear and readily available offshore manufacturing capacity has also encouraged the entry of new competitors into the marketplace and has increased competition from established companies. Some of our competitors are offering products that are substantially similar, in design and materials, to our products. If we are unable to compete successfully in the future, our sales and profits may decline, we may lose market share, our business and financial results may deteriorate, and the market price of our common stock would likely fall.
Introducing new products may be difficult and expensive. If we are unable to do so successfully, our brand may be adversely affected and we may not be able to maintain or grow our current revenue and profit levels.
To successfully continue to evolve our footwear product line to appeal to our consumers, we must anticipate, understand, and react to the rapidly changing tastes of consumers and provide appealing merchandise in a timely manner. New footwear models that we introduce may not be successful with consumers or our brand may fall out of favor with consumers. If we are unable to anticipate, identify, or react appropriately to changes in consumer preferences, our revenues may decrease, our brand image may suffer, our operating performance may decline, and we may not be able to execute our growth plans.
In producing new footwear models, we may encounter difficulties that we did not anticipate during the product development stage. If we are not able to efficiently manufacture new products in quantities sufficient to support wholesale, retail, and e-commerce distribution, we may not be able to recover our investment in the development of new styles and product lines, and
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we would continue to be subject to the risks inherent to having a limited product line. Even if we develop and manufacture new footwear products that consumers find appealing, the ultimate success of a new style may depend on our pricing. We may introduce products that are not popular, set the prices of new styles too high for the market to bear, or we may not provide the appropriate level of marketing in order to educate the market and potential consumers about our new products. Achieving market acceptance will require us to exert substantial product development and marketing efforts, which could result in a material increase in our selling, general and administrative expenses. There can be no assurance that we will have the resources necessary to undertake such efforts effectively or that such efforts will be successful or that we will dedicate our limited marketing resources to the right product lines. Failure to gain market acceptance for new products could impede our ability to maintain or grow current revenue levels, reduce profits, adversely affect the image of our brand, erode our competitive position, and result in long-term harm to our business and financial results.
Failure to adequately protect our trademarks and other intellectual property rights and counterfeiting of our brand could divert sales, damage our brand image and adversely affect our business.
We utilize trademarks, trade names, copyrights, trade secrets, issued and pending patents and trade dress, and design rights on nearly all of our products. We believe that having distinctive marks that are readily identifiable trademarks and intellectual property is important to our brand, our success, and our competitive position. The laws of some countries, for example, China, do not protect intellectual property rights to the same extent as do U.S. laws. We frequently discover products that are counterfeit reproductions of our products or that otherwise infringe on our intellectual property rights. If we are unsuccessful in challenging another party’s products on the basis of trademark or design or utility patent infringement or other infringement, particularly in some foreign countries, or if we are required to change our name or use a different logo, or it is otherwise found that we infringe on others’ intellectual property rights, continued sales of such competing products by third parties could harm our brand or we may be forced to cease selling certain products, which could adversely impact our business, financial condition, revenues, and results of operations by resulting in the shift of consumer preference away from our products. If our brand is associated with inferior counterfeit reproductions, the integrity and reputation of our brand could be adversely affected. Furthermore, our efforts to enforce our intellectual property rights are typically met with defenses and counterclaims attacking the validity and enforceability of our intellectual property rights. We may face significant expenses and liability in connection with the protection of our intellectual property, and if we are unable to successfully protect our rights or resolve intellectual property conflicts with others, our business or financial condition could be adversely affected.
We also rely on trade secrets, confidential information, and other unpatented proprietary rights and information related to, among other things, the Croslite™ material formulations and product development, particularly where we do not believe patent protection is appropriate or obtainable. Using third-party manufacturers and compounding facilities may increase the risk of misappropriation of our trade secrets, confidential information, and other unpatented proprietary information. The agreements we use in an effort to protect our intellectual property, confidential information, and other unpatented proprietary information may be ineffective or insufficient to prevent unauthorized use or disclosure of such trade secrets and information. A party to one of these agreements may breach the agreement, and we may not have adequate remedies for such breach. As a result, our trade secrets, confidential information, and other unpatented proprietary rights and information may become known to others, including our competitors. Furthermore, our competitors or others may independently develop or discover such trade secrets and information, which would render them less valuable to us.
Failure to continue to obtain or maintain high-quality endorsers of our products could harm our business.
We establish relationships with both celebrity endorsers and design, celebrity, and brand collaborators to develop, evaluate, and promote our products, as well as strengthen our brand. In a competitive environment, the costs associated with establishment and retention of these relationships may increase. If we are unable to maintain current associations and/or to establish new associations in the future, this could adversely affect our brand visibility and strength and result in a negative impact to financial results. In addition, actions taken by celebrity endorsers and collaborators associated with our products that harm the public image and reputations of those endorsers and collaborators could also seriously harm our brand image with consumers and, as a result, could have an adverse effect on our sales and financial condition.
We rely on technical innovation to compete in the market for our products.
Our success relies on continued innovation in both materials and design of footwear, such as our branded Croslite™ and LiteRide™ materials. Research and development is a key part of our continued success and growth, and we rely on experts to develop and test our materials and products. Croslite™, our branded proprietary closed-cell resin, is the primary raw material used in the vast majority of our footwear and some of our accessories. Croslite™ is carefully formulated to create soft, durable, extremely lightweight, and water-resistant footwear that conforms to the shape of the foot and increases comfort. We continue to invest in research and development in order to refine our materials to enhance these properties and to develop new properties
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for specific applications. We strive to produce footwear featuring fun, comfort, color, and functionality. If we fail to introduce technical innovation in our products, consumer demand for our products could decline, and if we experience problems with the quality of our products, we may incur substantial expense to remedy the problems.
Risks Related to the Economy
The COVID-19 pandemic has had an adverse impact, and may have a future material adverse impact, on our business, operations, liquidity, financial condition, and results of operations.
Since 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic has driven global uncertainty and disruption and has spread throughout the geographic regions in which we run our business and where our suppliers, third-party manufacturers, retail stores, wholesale customers, and consumers are located. The pandemic has had a material impact on our retail and wholesale channel revenues, predominately in the first half of 2020, and the total impact of the pandemic on us will depend on developments outside of our control, including, among other factors, the duration and spread of COVID-19 and related variants, the efficacy and adoption of vaccines against COVID-19 and related variants, actions that may be taken by governmental authorities to contain COVID-19 or mitigate its impact, including related restrictions on movement and commercial activities, the economic or other impacts on our wholesale partners, the impact on and recovery time of our supply chain, consequential staffing shortages, manufacturing delays and the uncertainty with respect to the accessibility of additional liquidity or to the capital markets.
While the vast majority of our company-operated stores, our partner stores, and our wholesale partner stores were open as of December 31, 2021, some may close again upon additional COVID-19 outbreaks. At this time, we cannot reasonably estimate the length of time of any remaining closures, if further closures will occur, or if consumers will return to purchasing our products at historical levels in retail locations. The inability to sell our products in our retail or wholesale channels has had and may continue to have a material adverse effect on our revenues and results of operations.
We also rely upon the facilities of our third-party manufacturers outside of the U.S. to support our business as well as to export our products throughout the world. As a result of COVID-19 and the measures designed to contain the spread of the virus, our third-party manufacturers have not had at times in the past, and may not have in the future, the materials, capacity, or capability to manufacture our products according to our schedule and specifications, which has in the past, and may in the future, negatively impact our ability to manage inventories. If our third-party manufacturers’ operations are curtailed, as they have been in the past, we may need to seek alternate manufacturing sources, which may be unavailable, more expensive, or face the same constraints. Should any production and distribution closures continue for an extended period of time, the impact on our global supply chain could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and cash flows. See the risk factor under “Risks Related to Our Supply Chain — We depend solely on third-party manufacturers located outside the U.S.” and “Risks Related to Our Supply Chain — Our operations are dependent on the global supply chain and impacts of supply chain constraints and inflationary pressure could adversely impact our operating results” for more information.
The effects of COVID-19 could affect our ability to successfully operate in many ways, including, but not limited to, the following factors:
•the impact of the pandemic on the economies and financial markets of the countries and regions in which we operate
•“shelter in place” and other similar mandated or suggested isolation protocols, which have disrupted, and could continue to disrupt, our retail locations, partner stores, and brick-and-mortar retailers via store closures or reduced operating hours and decreased retail traffic;
•the risk that for a prolonged period, fear of COVID-19 or variants could cause customers to avoid public places where our stores and those of our wholesale partners are located such as malls and outlets; and
•operational risk, including, but not limited to, cybersecurity risks as a result of extended remote work arrangements and restrictions on employee travel.
The rapid development and fluidity of the pandemic precludes any prediction as to the ultimate impact of COVID-19. The full extent of the impact and effects of COVID-19 on our future business, operations, liquidity, financial condition, and results of operations remain uncertain at this time.
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Risks Related to Our Supply Chain
Supply chain disruptions could interrupt product manufacturing and global logistics and increase product costs.
We rely on third-party manufacturers outside of the U.S. to produce our products. Global industry-wide logistics challenges negatively impacted us during the year ended December 31, 2021, during which some of our third-party factories in Vietnam were closed for several weeks due to COVID-19 outbreaks. Our third-party factories in Vietnam have resumed operations, though with some at reduced capacity, after being shut down. Closures and factory disruptions may recur if additional COVID-19 break-outs occur in Vietnam or other countries where we rely on third-party manufacturers to produce our products. See the risk factor under “We depend solely on third-party manufacturers located outside the U.S.” for more information.
We also rely on international shipping to transport our products to their various geographic markets. During the year ended December 31, 2021, international shipping to the U.S. was disrupted and delayed due to congestion in west coast ports. Continued or additional delays in shipping may cause us to have to use more expensive air freight or other more costly methods to ship our products. In addition, global inflation has contributed to already higher incremental freight costs and such inflation may continue to result in higher freight costs. Failure to adequately produce and timely ship our products to customers could lead to lost potential revenue, failure to meet customer demand, strained relationships with customers, including wholesales, and diminished brand loyalty.
Despite our actions to mitigate these impacts, we expect to still be impacted by global logistics challenges in 2022. Specifically, we plan to invest in higher cost air freight in 2022 to bolster our inventory positions for the first half of 2022 in all regions, which will add to our expenses and impact our profit margins.
We depend solely on third-party manufacturers located outside of the U.S.
All of our footwear products are manufactured by third-party manufacturers, the majority of which are located in Vietnam and China. We depend on the ability of these manufacturers to finance the production of goods ordered, maintain adequate manufacturing capacity, and meet our quality standards. We compete with other companies for the production capacity of our third-party manufacturers, and we do not exert direct control over the manufacturers’ operations. As such, from time to time we have experienced delays or inabilities to fulfill customer demand and orders. During the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, approximately 56%, 75%, and 61%, respectively, of our production was in Vietnam, while our largest third-party manufacturer, operating in both Vietnam and China, produced approximately 34%, 46%, and 38%, respectively, and our second largest third-party manufacturer, primarily operating in both Vietnam and China, produced approximately 30%, 22%, and 17%, respectively, of our footwear unit volume. We cannot guarantee that any third-party manufacturer will have sufficient production capacity, meet our production deadlines, or meet our quality standards. Furthermore, due to the relative concentration of our third party manufacturers, disruption at the facilities of our third-party manufacturing partners as a result of COVID-19 or otherwise, including through the effects of facility closures, reductions in operating hours and labor shortages had an adverse effect on our supply chain in 2021 and may have a material adverse effect in the future. For example, in the third quarter of 2021 many of our third-party manufacturing facilities in Vietnam were closed or not operating at full capacity due to local COVID-19 outbreaks and safety protocols, which negatively impacted our financial results. See the risk factor under “Supply chain disruptions could interrupt product manufacturing and global logistics and increase product costs” and “Our operations are dependent on the global supply chain and impacts of supply chain constraints and inflationary pressure could adversely impact our operating results.”
Foreign manufacturing is subject to additional risks, including transportation delays and interruptions, including those caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, work stoppages, political instability, expropriation, nationalization, foreign currency fluctuations, changing economic conditions, changes in governmental policies or laws and the imposition of tariffs, import and export controls, and other barriers. Because we do not manufacture products internally, we cannot offset any interruption or decrease in supply of our products by increasing production in internal manufacturing facilities, and we may not be able to substitute suitable alternative third-party manufacturers in a timely manner or at acceptable prices. Any disruption in the supply of products from our third-party manufacturers may harm our business and could result in a loss of sales and an increase in production costs, which would adversely affect our results of operations. In addition, manufacturing delays or unexpected demand for our products may require us to use faster, more expensive transportation methods, such as aircraft, which could adversely affect our profit margins. The cost of fuel is a significant component in transportation costs. Increases in the price of petroleum products can increase our transportation costs and adversely affect our product margins.
In addition, because our footwear products are manufactured outside the U.S., the possibility of adverse changes in trade or political relations between the U.S. and other countries, political instability, changes in legislation and policies, increases in labor costs, changes in international trade agreements and tariffs, adverse weather conditions, or public health issues, such as
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the COVID-19 pandemic, could significantly interfere with the production and shipment of our products, which would have a material adverse effect on our operations and financial results.
We, similar to many other companies with overseas operations, import and sell products in other countries that could be impacted by changes to the trade policies of the U.S. and foreign countries (including governmental action related to tariffs, international trade agreements, or economic sanctions). Such changes have the potential to adversely impact our industry and the global demand for our products, and as a result, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations. See the risk factor under “Risks Related to International Operations — We conduct significant business activity outside the U.S., which exposes us to risks of international commerce.”
Our operations are dependent on the global supply chain and impacts of supply chain constraints and inflationary pressure could adversely impact our operating results.
Our operations have been, and may continue to be, impacted by supply chain constraints and raw material shortages, resulting in increased material costs, longer lead times, port congestion, and increased freight costs caused, in part, by the COVID-19 pandemic, the uncertain economic environment, and macroeconomic trends. In addition, current or future governmental policies may increase the risk of inflation, which could further increase the costs of raw materials and components for our business. Similarly, if costs of goods continue to increase, our suppliers may seek price increases from us. If we are unable to mitigate the impact of supply chain constraints and inflationary pressure through price increases or other measures, our results of operations and financial condition could be negatively impacted. Even if we are able to raise the prices of our products, consumers might react negatively to such price increases, which could have a material adverse effect on, among other things, our brand, reputation, and sales. If our competitors substantially lower their prices, we may lose customers and mark down prices. Our profitability may be impacted by lower prices, which may negatively impact gross margins. Even though we are working to alleviate supply chain constraints through various measures, we are unable to predict the impact of these constraints on the timing of revenue and operating costs of our business in the near future. Raw material supply shortages and supply chain constraints, including cost inflation, have impacted and could continue to negatively impact our ability to meet increased demand, which in turn could impact our net sales revenues and market share. In addition, in 2021, shortages of raw materials and disruption to the global supply chain including the blockage in the Suez Canal, container costs, port congestion, and Vietnam factory closures, negatively impacted costs and inventory availability and may continue to have a negative impact on future results and profitability.
If we do not accurately forecast consumer demand, we may have excess inventory to liquidate or have greater difficulty filling our customers’ orders, either of which could adversely affect our business.
The footwear industry is subject to cyclical variations, consolidation, contraction and closings, as well as fashion trends, rapid changes in consumer preferences, the effects of weather, general economic conditions, and other factors affecting consumer demand. In addition, purchase orders from our wholesale customers are generally subject to rights of cancellation and rescheduling by the wholesaler. These factors make it difficult to forecast consumer demand. If we overestimate demand for our products, we may be forced to liquidate excess inventories at discounted prices resulting in losses or lower gross margins. Conversely, if we underestimate consumer demand, we could have inventory shortages, which can result in lower sales, delays in shipments to customers, expedited shipping costs, and adversely affect our relationships with our customers and diminish brand loyalty. Excess inventory, or any failure on our part to satisfy increased demand for our products, could adversely affect our business and financial results.
Our third-party manufacturing operations must comply with labor, trade, and other laws. Failure to do so may adversely affect us.
We require our third-party manufacturers to meet our quality control standards and footwear industry standards for working conditions and other matters, including compliance with applicable labor, environmental, and other laws; however, we do not control our third-party manufacturers or their respective labor practices. A failure by any of our third-party manufacturers to adhere to quality standards or labor, environmental, and other laws could cause us to incur additional costs for our products, generate negative publicity, damage our reputation and the value of our brand, and discourage customers from buying our products. We also require our third-party manufacturers to meet certain product safety standards. A failure by any of our third-party manufacturers to adhere to such product safety standards could lead to a product recall, which could result in critical media coverage; harm our business, brand, and reputation; and cause us to incur additional costs.
In addition, if we or our third-party manufacturers violate U.S. or foreign trade laws or regulations, we may be subject to extra duties, significant monetary penalties, the seizure and the forfeiture of the products we are attempting to import, or the loss of our import privileges. Possible violations of U.S. or foreign laws or regulations could include inadequate record keeping of our
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imported products, misstatements or errors as to the origin, quota category, classification, marketing or valuation of our imported products, and fraudulent visas or labor violations. The effects of these factors could render our conduct of business in a particular country undesirable or impractical and have a negative impact on our operating results. We cannot predict whether additional U.S. or foreign customs quotas, duties, taxes other charges, or restrictions will be imposed upon the importation of foreign produced products in the future or what effect such actions could have on our business or results. See the risk factor under “We depend solely on third-party manufacturers located outside the U.S.” for more information.
We depend on a number of suppliers for key production materials, and any disruption in the supply of such materials could interrupt product manufacturing and increase product costs.
We depend on a number of sources for the primary materials used to make our footwear. We source the elastomer resins that constitute the primary raw materials used in compounding our Croslite™ and LiteRide™ formulations, which we use to produce our various footwear products, from multiple suppliers. If the suppliers we rely on for elastomer resins were to cease production of these materials, we may not be able to obtain suitable substitute materials in time to avoid interruption of our production schedules. We are also subject to market conditions related to supply and demand for our raw materials and any resulting shortages in supply, as well as impacts of any global shipping or logistics delays. We may have to pay substantially higher prices in the future for the elastomer resins or any substitute materials we use, which would increase our production costs and could have an adverse impact on our product margins. If we are unable to obtain suitable elastomer resins, or if we are unable to procure sufficient quantities of the materials that go into the Croslite™ and LiteRide™ formulations, we may not be able to meet our production requirements in a timely manner or may need to modify our product characteristics, which could result in less favorable market acceptance, lost potential sales, delays in shipments to customers, strained relationships with customers, and diminished brand loyalty.
Risks Related to International Operations
Changes in foreign exchange rates, most significantly but not limited to the Euro, South Korean Won, and Chinese Yuan, or other global currencies could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial results.
As a global company, we have significant revenues and costs denominated in currencies other than the U.S. Dollar (“USD”). We are exposed to the risk of losses resulting from changes in exchange rates on monetary assets and liabilities within our international subsidiaries that are denominated in currencies other than the subsidiaries’ functional currencies. Likewise, our U.S. companies are also exposed to the risk of losses resulting from changes in exchange rates on monetary assets and liabilities that are denominated in a currency other than the USD. We have experienced, and will continue to experience, changes in exchange rates, impacting both our statements of operations and the value of our assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies.
Further, our ability to sell our products in foreign markets and the USD value of the sales made in foreign currencies can be significantly influenced by changes in exchange rates. A decrease in the value of foreign currencies relative to the USD could result in lower revenues, gross margin compression, and increased losses from currency exchange rates. Foreign exchange rate volatility could also disrupt the business of the third-party manufacturers that produce our products by making their purchases of raw materials more expensive and more difficult to finance. We pay the majority of our third-party manufacturers, located primarily in Vietnam and China, in USD. In 2021, we experienced increases of approximately $1.5 million in our Americas segment revenues, primarily as a result of increases in the value of the Canadian Dollar relative to the USD, approximately $11.8 million in our Asia Pacific segment revenues as a result of increases in the value of Asian currencies relative to the USD, and approximately $10.9 million in our EMEA revenues, primarily as a result of increases in the Euro relative to the USD. Strengthening of the USD against Asian and European currencies, and various other global currencies, adversely impacts our USD reported results due to the impact on foreign currency translation. While we enter into foreign currency exchange forward contracts to reduce our exposure to changes in exchange rates on monetary assets and liabilities, the volatility of foreign currency exchange rates is dependent on many factors that cannot be forecasted with reliable accuracy and, as a result, our forward contracts may not prove effective in reducing our exposures.
We conduct significant business activity outside the U.S., which exposes us to risks of international commerce.
A significant portion of our revenues is generated from foreign sales. Our ability to maintain the current level of operations in our existing international markets is subject to risks associated with international sales operations. We operate retail stores and sell our products to retailers outside of the U.S. and utilize foreign-based third-party manufacturers. Foreign manufacturing and sales activities are subject to numerous risks, including
•tariffs, anti-dumping fines, import and export controls, and other non-tariff barriers such as quotas and local content rules;
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•delays associated with the manufacture, transportation, and delivery of products, including related to global port backlog;
•increased transportation costs due to distance, energy prices, inflation, or other factors;
•delays in the transportation and delivery of goods due to increased security concerns;
•restrictions on the transfer of funds;
•restrictions and potential penalties due to privacy laws on the handling and transfer of consumer and other personal information;
•changes in governmental policies and regulations;
•political unrest, changes in law, terrorism, natural disasters, public health issues like the COVID-19 pandemic, or war, any of which can interrupt commerce;
•potential violations of U.S. and foreign anti-corruption and anti-bribery laws by our employees, business partners or agents, despite our policies and procedures relating to compliance with these laws;
•expropriation and nationalization;
•difficulties in managing foreign operations effectively and efficiently from the U.S.;
•difficulties in understanding and complying with local laws, regulations, and customs in foreign jurisdictions;
•longer accounts receivable payment terms and difficulties in collecting foreign accounts receivables;
•difficulties in enforcing contractual and intellectual property rights;
•greater risk that our business partners do not comply with our policies and procedures relating to labor, health, and safety; and
•increased accounting and internal control costs.
In addition, we are subject to customs laws and regulations with respect to our export and import activity, which are complex and vary within legal jurisdictions in which we operate. We cannot ensure there will be not be a control failure around customs enforcement despite the precautions we take. We are currently subject to audits by customs authorities. Any failure to comply with customs laws and regulations could be discovered during a U.S. or foreign government customs audit, or customs authorities may disagree with our tariff treatments, and such actions could result in substantial fines and penalties, which could have an adverse effect on our business and financial results. In addition, changes to U.S. trade laws may adversely impact our operations. These changes and any changes to the trade laws of other countries may add additional compliance costs and obligations and subject us to significant fines and penalties for non-compliance. Compliance with these and other foreign legal regimes may have a material adverse impact on our business and results of operations. For example, on December 23, 2021, the Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act, which effectively prohibits imports of any goods made either wholly or in part in a certain area of China, was signed into law, which generally prohibits importing goods made with forced labor into the U.S., subject to certain exceptions. While we do not currently expect that this law will directly affect our supply chain, since we do not believe that our suppliers source materials from such area of China for the products they sell to us or use to manufacture our products, other companies’ attempts to shift suppliers in response to this law or other policy developments could result in shortages, delays, and/or price increases that could disrupt our own supply chain or cause our suppliers to renegotiate existing arrangements with us or fail to perform on such obligations. For more information, please see the risk factors under “Risks Related to Our Supply Chain — We depend solely on third-party manufacturers located outside the U.S.” and “Risks Specific to Our Company and Strategy — Our business relies significantly on the use of information technology. A significant disruption to our operational technology or data security breach could harm our reputation and/or our ability to effectively operate our business.”
Furthermore, as a global company, we are subject to foreign and U.S. laws and regulations designed to combat governmental corruption, including the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and the U.K. Bribery Act. Violations of these laws and regulations could result in fines and penalties; criminal sanctions against us, our officers, or our employees; prohibitions on the conduct of our business and on our ability to offer our products and services in one or more countries; and a materially negative effect on our brand and our operating results. Although we have implemented policies and procedures designed to ensure compliance with these foreign and U.S. laws and regulations, including the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and the U.K. Bribery Act, there can be no assurance that our employees, business partners, or agents will not violate our policies.
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Changes in global economic conditions may adversely affect consumer spending and the financial health of our customers and others with whom we do business, which may adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations, and cash resources.
Uncertainty about current and future global economic conditions may cause consumers and retailers to defer purchases or cancel purchase orders for our products in response to tighter credit, decreased cash availability, and weakened consumer confidence. Our financial success is sensitive to changes in general economic conditions, both globally and in specific markets, that may adversely affect the demand for our products including recessionary economic cycles, higher interest rates, higher fuel and other energy costs, inflation, increases in commodity prices, higher levels of unemployment, higher consumer debt levels, higher tax rates and other changes in tax laws, public health issues like the COVID-19 pandemic, or other economic factors. If global economic and financial market conditions deteriorate, or remain weak, for an extended period of time, the following factors, among others, could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial results:
•Changes in foreign currency exchange rates relative to the USD could have a material impact on our reported financial results.
•Slower consumer spending may result in our inability to maintain or increase our sales to new and existing customers, cause reduced product orders or product order delays or cancellations from wholesale accounts that are directly impacted by fluctuations in the broader economy, difficulties managing inventories, higher discounts, and lower product margins.
•If consumer demand for our products declines, we may not be able to profitably operate existing retail stores, due to higher fixed costs of the retail business.
•A decrease in credit available to our wholesale or distributor customers, product suppliers and other service providers, or financial institutions that are counterparties to our Revolving Facility or derivative instruments may result in credit pressures, other financial difficulties, or insolvency for these parties, with a potential adverse impact on our business, our financial results, or our ability to obtain future financing.
•If our wholesale customers experience diminished liquidity, we may experience a reduction in product orders, an increase in customer order cancellations, and/or the need to extend customer payment terms, which could lead to larger balances and delayed collection of our accounts receivable, reduced cash flows, greater expenses for collection efforts, and increased risk of nonpayment of our accounts receivable.
•If our manufacturers or other parties in our supply chain experience diminished liquidity, and as a result are unable to fulfill their obligations to us, we may be unable to provide our customers with our products in a timely manner, resulting in lost sales opportunities or a deterioration in our customer relationships.
Risks Specific to Our Company and Strategy
We may be unable to successfully execute our long-term growth strategy, maintain or grow our current revenue and profit levels, or accurately forecast demand and supply for our products.
Our ability to maintain our revenue and profit levels or to grow in the future depends on, among other things, the continued success of our efforts to maintain our brand image, our ability to bring compelling and profit enhancing footwear offerings to market, our ability to effectively manage or reduce expenses and our ability to expand within our current distribution channels and increase sales of our products into new locations internationally. We are focusing on our core molded footwear heritage by narrowing our product line with an emphasis on higher margin products, as well as developing innovative new casual lifestyle footwear platforms.
Successfully executing our long-term growth and profitability strategy will depend on many factors, including our ability to
•strengthen and maintain our brand globally;
•focus on relevant geographies and markets, product innovation, and profitable growth, while maintaining demand for our current offerings;
•effectively manage our company-operated retail stores to meet operational and financial targets at the retail store level;
•accurately forecast the global demand for our products, consolidate our distribution and supply chain network to leverage resources, simplify our fulfillment process, and deliver product around the globe efficiently;
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•use and protect the Crocs brand and, following the completion of the HEYDUDE Acquisition, the HEYDUDE brand, and our other intellectual property in new and existing markets and territories;
•achieve and maintain a strong competitive position in new and existing markets;
•attract and retain qualified wholesalers and distributors, including partner store operators;
•maintain and enhance our digital marketing capabilities and digital commerce capabilities; and
•execute multi-channel advertising, marketing, collaboration, and social media campaigns to effectively communicate our message directly to our consumers and employees.
While these strategies, along with other steps to be taken, are intended to improve and grow our business, there can be no assurance this will be the case or that additional steps or accrual of additional material expenses or accounting charges will not be required. If additional steps are required, there can be no assurance that they will be properly implemented or will be successful.
Our business relies significantly on the use of information technology. A significant disruption to our operational technology or those of our business partners, a privacy law violation, or a data security breach could harm our reputation and/or our ability to effectively operate our business, and our financial results.
We rely heavily on the use of information technology systems and networks across all business functions, as do our business partners. The future success and growth of our business depend on streamlined processes made available through information systems, global communications, internet activity, and other network processes. We rely on third-party information services providers worldwide for many of our information technology functions including network, hardware, and software configuration. Additionally, we rely on internal networks and information systems and other technology, including the internet and third-party hosted services, to support a variety of business processes and activities, including procurement and supply chain, manufacturing, distribution, invoicing, and collection of payments. We use information systems for certain human resource activities and to process our employee benefits, as well as to process financial information for internal and external reporting purposes and to comply with various reporting, legal, and tax requirements. We also have outsourced a significant portion of work associated with our finance and accounting, human resources, customer service, and other information technology functions to third-party service providers. Despite our current security and cybersecurity measures, our systems and those of our third-party service providers may be vulnerable to information security breaches, acts of vandalism, computer viruses, credit card fraud, phishing, ransomware attacks, and interruption or loss of valuable business data, and we have been subject to, and will continue to be subject to, various third-party attacks and phishing scams. Any disruption to these systems or networks could result in product fulfillment delays, key personnel being unable to perform duties or communicate throughout the organization, loss of sales, significant costs for data restoration, the inability to interpret data timely to enhance operations, and other adverse impacts on our business and reputation. Denial of service attacks could also materially adversely affect our business.
We routinely possess sensitive customer and employee information. Hackers and data thieves are increasingly sophisticated and operate large-scale and complex automated attacks on a daily basis. Any breach of our network may result in the loss of valuable business data, misappropriation of our consumers’ or employees’ personal information, including credit card information, or a disruption of our business. Despite our existing cybersecurity procedures and controls, if our network is breached, it could give rise to unwanted media attention, materially damage our customer relationships, or harm our business, our reputation, and our financial results, which could result in fines or lawsuits. The costs we incur to protect against such information security breaches may materially increase, including increased investment in technology, the costs of compliance with consumer protection laws, and costs resulting from consumer fraud. Our business partners in our supply chain and customer base also rely significantly on information technology. Despite their existing cybersecurity procedures and controls, if their information systems become compromised, it could, among other things, cause delays in our product fulfillment or reduce our sales, which could harm our business.
In addition, the European Union’s General Data Protection Regulation, the California Consumer Privacy Act, and other similar evolving privacy laws impose additional obligations on companies regarding the handling of personal data and provide certain individual privacy rights to persons whose data is stored. These regulations may harm or alter the operations of our e-commerce business, add additional compliance costs and obligations, and subject us to significant fines and penalties for non-compliance. Compliance with these and other foreign legal regimes and the associated costs may have a material adverse impact on our business and results of operations.
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If our online e-commerce sites, or those of our customers, do not function effectively, our business and financial results could be materially adversely affected.
An increasing amount of our products are sold on our e-commerce sites and third-party e-commerce sites. Any failure on our part or on the part of third parties to provide effective, reliable, user-friendly e-commerce platforms that offer a wide assortment of our products could place us at a competitive disadvantage, result in the loss of sales, and could have a material adverse impact on our business and financial results. Our e-commerce business may be particularly vulnerable to cyber threats including unauthorized access and denial of service attacks. Sales in our e-commerce channel may also divert sales from our retail and wholesale channels.
Our financial success depends in part on the strength of our relationships with, and the success of, our wholesale and distributor customers.
Our financial success is related to the willingness of our current and prospective wholesale and distributor customers to carry our products. We do not have long-term contracts with most wholesale customers, and sales to these customers are generally on an order-by-order basis and subject to cancellation and rescheduling. Our contracts with distributors typically have terms of one to five years and can be terminated or renegotiated if minimum requirements or other terms are not met. If we cannot fill orders in a timely manner, the sales of our products and our relationships may suffer. Alternatively, if our wholesalers or distributors experience diminished liquidity or other financial issues, we may experience a reduction in product orders, an increase in order cancellations and/or the need to extend payment terms, which could lead to larger outstanding balances, delays in collections of accounts receivable, increased expenses associated with collection efforts, increases in bad debt expenses, and reduced cash flows if our collection efforts are unsuccessful. We have recorded material allowances for doubtful accounts in the past and could do so again in the future. Future problems with customers may have a material adverse effect on our product sales, financial condition, results of operations, and our ability to grow our product line.
Operating company-operated retail stores incurs substantial fixed costs. If we are unable to generate sales, operate our retail stores profitably, or otherwise fail to meet expectations, we may be unable to reduce such fixed costs and avoid losses or negative cash flows.
Opening and operating company-operated retail stores requires substantial financial commitments, including fixed costs, and are subject to numerous risks including consumer preferences, location, and other factors that we do not control. Declines in revenue and operating performance of our company-operated retail stores could cause us to record impairment charges and have a material adverse effect on our business and financial results. During 2021, we opened 33 and closed 11 retail stores, and we operated 373 retail stores at December 31, 2021.
Many of our company-operated retail stores are located in shopping malls and outlet malls, and our success depends in part on obtaining prominent locations and the overall ability of the malls to successfully generate and maintain customer traffic. We cannot control the success of individual malls or store closures by other retailers, which may lead to mall vacancies and reduced customer foot-traffic. In addition, consumer spending and shopping preferences have shifted, and may continue to further shift, away from brick-and-mortar retail to e-commerce channels, both prior to, and as a result of, the COVID-19 pandemic, which may contribute to declining foot-traffic in company-operated retail locations. Continued reduced customer foot-traffic could reduce sales at our company-operated retail stores, including kiosks and store-in-store locations, or hinder our ability to open retail stores in new markets, which could in turn negatively affect our business and financial results. Similarly, customer foot-traffic as a result of store closures, reduced operating hours, and social distancing restrictions as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic could also have a material adverse effect on our business and financial results. In addition, some of our company-operated retail stores occupy street locations that are heavily dependent on customer traffic generated by tourism. Any substantial decrease in tourism, resulting from an economic slowdown, political, terrorism, social, or military events, natural disasters, public health issues like the COVID-19 pandemic, or otherwise, is likely to adversely affect sales in our existing stores.
Our financial results may be adversely affected if substantial investments in businesses and operations fail to produce expected returns.
From time to time, we may invest in business infrastructure, expansion of existing businesses or operations, and acquisitions of new businesses, such as the pending HEYDUDE acquisition, which require substantial cash investment and management attention. We believe cost effective investments are essential to business growth and profitability; however, significant investments are subject to risks and uncertainties. The failure of any significant investment to provide the returns or profitability we expect, or implementation issues, or the failure to integrate newly acquired businesses could have a material adverse effect on our financial results and divert management attention from more profitable business operations.
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Specifically, over the last several years, we have implemented numerous information systems designed to support various areas of our business, including a fully-integrated global accounting, operations, and finance enterprise resource planning system, and warehouse management, order management, and internet point-of-sale systems, as well as various interfaces between these systems and supporting back office systems. We have also moved to, and subsequently expanded, a new distribution center in Dayton, Ohio to serve our North American businesses, and have moved to a new company-operated distribution center in The Netherlands and a new third-party operated distribution center in Japan to serve our EMEA and Asia Pacific businesses, respectively. As our business grows, we may also need to make further investments in business systems and distribution capabilities. Issues in implementing or integrating new business operations, such as the pending HEYDUDE acquisition, and new systems with our current operations, failure of these systems to operate effectively, problems with transitioning to upgraded or replacement systems, issues with transitioning to or operating our new distribution centers, cost overruns, or a breach in security of these systems could cause delays in product fulfillment and reduced efficiency of our operations, require significant additional capital investments to remediate, and may have an adverse effect on our business and financial results.
We depend on employees across the globe, the loss of whom would harm our business.
We rely on executives and senior management to drive the financial and operational performance of our business. Turnover of executives and senior management can adversely impact our stock price, our results of operations, and our client relationships and may make recruiting for future management positions more difficult or may require us to offer more generous compensation packages to attract top executives. Changes in other key management positions may temporarily affect our financial performance and results of operations as new management becomes familiar with our business. When we experience management turnover, we must successfully integrate any newly hired management personnel within our organization in a timely manner in order to achieve our operating objectives. The key initiatives directed by these executives may take time to implement and yield positive results, and there can be no guarantee they will be successful. If our new executives do not perform up to expectations, we may experience declines in our financial performance and/or delays or failures in achieving our long-term growth strategy.
Further, our business depends on our ability to source and distribute products in a timely, efficient, and cost-effective manner. Labor disputes impacting our suppliers, manufacturers, transportation carriers, or ports pose significant threats to our business, particularly if such disputes result in work slowdowns, lockouts, strikes or other disruptions during our peak importing, or manufacturing and selling seasons. Any such disruption could result in delayed or canceled orders by customers, unplanned inventory accumulation or shortages, and increased transportation and labor costs, negatively impacting our results of operations and financial position.
We are subject to periodic litigation, which could result in unexpected expenditures of time and resources.
From time to time, we initiate litigation or are called upon to defend ourselves against lawsuits relating to our business. Due to the inherent uncertainties of litigation, we cannot accurately predict the ultimate outcome of any such proceedings. For a detailed discussion of our current material legal proceedings, see Note 17 — Legal Proceedings in the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements included in Part II - Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. An unfavorable outcome in any of these proceedings, or any future legal proceedings, could have an adverse impact on our business and financial results. In addition, any significant litigation in the future, regardless of its merits, could divert management’s attention from our operations and result in substantial legal fees. In the past, securities class action litigation has been brought against us. If our stock price is volatile, we may become involved in this type of litigation in the future. Any litigation could result in substantial costs and a diversion of management’s attention and resources that are needed to successfully run our business.
Global climate change, including extreme weather conditions, natural disasters, public health issues, or other events outside of our control, as well as related regulations, could negatively impact our operating results and financial condition.
The effects of climate change, natural disasters such as earthquakes, hurricanes, tsunamis, or other adverse weather and climate conditions, and public health issues like the COVID-19 pandemic, whether occurring in the U.S. or abroad, and the consequences and effects thereof, including damage to our supply chain, manufacturing or distribution centers, retail stores, changes in consumer preferences or spending priorities, and energy shortages, have in the past and could in the future harm or disrupt our operations or the operations of our vendors, other suppliers, or customers, or result in economic instability that may negatively impact our operating results and financial condition. Additionally, certain catastrophes are not covered by our general insurance policies, which could result in significant unrecoverable losses.
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We have made a public commitment regarding a plan to be a Net Zero brand by 2030 through sustainable ingredients and packaging as well as responsible resource use and exploring innovative product afterlife solutions. Although we intend to meet these commitments, we may be required to expend significant resources to do so, which could increase our operational costs. Further, there can be no assurance of the extent to which our commitment will be achieved, or that any future investments we make in furtherance of achieving such target and goal will meet investor expectations or legal standards, if any, regarding sustainability performance. Moreover, we may determine that it is in the best interest of our Company and our stockholders to prioritize other business, social, governance or sustainable investments over the achievement of our current commitments based on economic, technological developments, regulatory and social factors, business strategy or pressure from investors, activist groups or other stakeholders. If we are unable to meet these commitments, then we could incur adverse publicity and reaction from investors, activist groups or other stakeholders, which could adversely impact the perception of us and our products and services by current and potential customers, as well as investors, which could in turn adversely impact our results of operations.
Our restated certificate of incorporation, amended and restated bylaws, and Delaware law contain provisions that could discourage a third-party from acquiring us and consequently decrease the market value of an investment in our stock.
Our restated certificate of incorporation, amended and restated bylaws, and Delaware corporate law each contain provisions that could delay, defer, or prevent a change in control of us or changes in our management. These provisions could discourage proxy contests and make it more difficult for our stockholders to elect directors and take other corporate actions, which may prevent a change of control or changes in our management that a stockholder might consider favorable. In addition, Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law may discourage, delay, or prevent a change in control of us. Any delay or prevention of a change of control or change in management that stockholders might otherwise consider to be favorable could cause the market price of our common stock to decline.
Indebtedness Risks
Our senior revolving credit facility agreement (as amended to date, the “Revolving Credit Agreement”) and the Indentures each impose, and we expect the Term Loan B Credit Agreement will impose, significant operating and financial restrictions on us and certain of our subsidiaries, which may prevent us from capitalizing on business opportunities. A breach of any of those restrictive covenants may cause us to be in default under the Revolving Credit Agreement, the expected Term Loan B Credit Agreement and/or the Indentures, and our lenders could foreclose on our assets.
Our Credit Agreement requires us to maintain certain financial covenants. A decline in our operating performance could negatively impact our ability to meet these financial covenants. If we breach any of these restrictive covenants, the lenders could either refuse to lend funds to us or accelerate the repayment of any outstanding borrowings under the Revolving Credit Agreement. We may not have sufficient funds to repay such indebtedness upon a default or be unable to receive a waiver of the default from the lenders. If we are unable to repay the indebtedness, the lenders could initiate a bankruptcy proceeding or collection proceedings with respect to our assets, all of which secure our indebtedness under the Revolving Credit Agreement. The foregoing risks would also apply to the Term Loan B Credit Agreement we expect to enter into upon consummation of the HEYDUDE acquisition.
The Revolving Credit Agreement and the Indentures also contain, and we expect the Term Loan B Credit Agreement will contain, certain restrictive covenants that limit, and in some circumstances prohibit, our ability to, among other things: incur additional debt or issue preferred stock; sell, lease or transfer our assets; pay dividends on, and make other distributions on, or redeem or repurchase, our common stock; make certain capital expenditures and investments; guarantee debt or obligations; create certain liens; repurchase our common stock; enter into transactions with our affiliates; and enter into certain merger, consolidation, or other reorganizations transactions. These restrictions could limit our ability to obtain future financing, incur or guarantee additional debt, incur certain liens, enter into transactions with affiliates, transfer or sell certain assets, make acquisitions or needed capital expenditures, withstand the current or future downturns in our business, or the economy in general, conduct operations or otherwise take advantage of business opportunities that may arise, any of which could place us at a competitive disadvantage relative to our competitors. The terms of any future indebtedness we may incur could include more restrictive covenants. We cannot assure you that we will be able to maintain compliance with these covenants in the future and, if we fail to do so, that we will be able to obtain waivers from the lenders and/or amend the covenants. Our failure to comply with the restrictive covenants described above as well as other terms of our indebtedness could result in an event of default, which, if not cured or waived, could result in our being required to repay these borrowings before their due date. If we are forced to refinance these borrowings on less favorable terms or cannot refinance these borrowings, our results of operations and financial condition could be adversely affected.
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Changes in the method for determining the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) and/or the replacement of LIBOR could adversely affect our results of operations.
In July 2017, the United Kingdom’s Financial Conduct Authority, which regulates LIBOR, announced that it intended to phase out LIBOR by the end of 2021. LIBOR is in the process of being discontinued. While certain U.S. Dollar LIBOR settings will continue to be published on the current basis until June 30, 2023, all other LIBOR settings either are no longer being published or are being published only for a limited time and only on a “synthetic” basis (i.e., not on the basis of submissions made by panel banks). The regulator of the administrator of LIBOR has prohibited any new use of LIBOR by firms subject to its supervision, and certain regulators in the United States have stated that no new contracts using U.S. Dollar LIBOR should be entered into after 2021. Our Revolving Credit Agreement states that, should LIBOR cease to exist or should another rate become widely recognized as the benchmark rate for USD loans, a rate substantially equivalent to the LIBOR rate in effect prior to its replacement, will be used. Furthermore, the amendment to the Revolving Credit Agreement and the Term Loan B Credit Agreement that we expect to enter into upon consummation of the HEYDUDE Acquisition are expected to utilize SOFR (as defined below). However, the consequences of the adoption of any such alternative reference rates cannot be predicted and could have an adverse impact on the amount of interest and commitment fees that we pay under the Revolving Facility. Likewise, the unavailability of LIBOR may have an adverse impact on interest rates and other financing costs under other debt instruments and other financial obligations of ours, as well as the market value of and the payments we receive under any LIBOR-linked securities or investments that we may own from time to time. In addition, financial markets generally may be adversely affected by the discontinuation of LIBOR, the uncertainties regarding its discontinuation, the alternative reference rates that are being or may be used in place of LIBOR and other issues related to LIBOR. Any of the foregoing could adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.
At this time, the Alternative Reference Rates Committee, a steering committee comprised of large U.S. financial institutions convened by the U.S. Federal Reserve, has recommended the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) as a more robust reference rate alternative to U.S. Dollar LIBOR. SOFR is calculated based on short-term repurchase agreements, backed by Treasury securities. SOFR is observed and backward looking, which stands in contrast with LIBOR under the current methodology, which is an estimated forward-looking rate and relies, to some degree, on the expert judgment of submitting panel members. Given that SOFR is a secured rate backed by government securities, it is a rate that does not take into account bank credit risk, as is the case with LIBOR. SOFR is therefore likely to be lower than LIBOR and is less likely to correlate with the funding costs of financial institutions. Because of these and other differences, there is no assurance that SOFR will perform in the same way as LIBOR would have performed at any time, and there is no guarantee that it is a comparable substitute for LIBOR. Whether or not SOFR attains market traction as a LIBOR replacement tool remains in question.
In March 2020, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued guidance related to reference rate reform to help facilitate the market transition from existing reference rates to alternative rates. This guidance was available for adoption at the time of its issuance, but we have not yet adopted it as of December 31, 2021. Further, at this time, it is not possible to predict the effect of any establishment of alternative reference rates or any other reforms that may be enacted in the United Kingdom or elsewhere. Uncertainty as to the nature of such potential changes, alternative reference rates, including SOFR, or other reforms may adversely affect the trading market for LIBOR-based securities, including ours. Furthermore, if LIBOR ceases to exist or a replacement rate is used to determine the interest rate on borrowings under our Revolving Credit Agreement, our borrowing cost may increase materially. There is currently no definitive information regarding the future utilization of LIBOR or of any particular replacement rate.
As the future of LIBOR and SOFR at this time is uncertain, the potential effect of any future changes cannot yet be determined but may have an adverse impact on our interest expense and, thus, our results of operations.
Our indebtedness could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations, as well as the ability to meet payment obligations under our Revolving Credit Agreement and the Notes.
As of December 31, 2021, we had $771.4 million in total indebtedness outstanding (net of $13.6 million of unamortized issuance costs related to the issuance of the Notes). We also expect to enter into an agreement (the “Term Loan B Credit Agreement”) with respect to a new senior secured term loan B facility in an aggregate principal amount equal to $2.0 billion (the “Term Loan B Facility”) and borrow $50.0 million under the Revolving Facility to finance the HEYDUDE Acquisition in part as well as exercise the accordion provision on the Revolving Credit Agreement to increase the borrowing capacity under the Credit Agreement by $100.0 million. Subject to the limits contained in the Revolving Credit Agreement, the Indentures, the expected Term Loan B Credit Agreement and the applicable agreements governing our other existing indebtedness, we may be able to incur substantial additional debt from time to time. If we do so, the risks related to our level of debt could increase. Specifically, our level of debt could have important consequences, including the following:
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• making it more difficult for us to meet our obligations with respect to our debt;
• reducing the availability of cash flow to fund future working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions or other general corporate purposes;
• limiting our ability to obtain additional financing to fund future working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions or other general corporate purposes;
• requiring a substantial portion of our cash flows to be dedicated to debt service payments instead of other purposes, thereby reducing the amount of cash flows available for working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions or other general corporate purposes;
• increasing our vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry conditions;
• exposing us to the risk of increased interest rates as certain of our borrowings are at variable rates of interest;
• placing us at a disadvantage compared to other, less leveraged competitors;
• increasing our cost of borrowing; and
• limiting our flexibility in planning for changes in our business and reacting to changes in the industry in which we compete.
Furthermore, if we are unable to meet our debt service obligations or should we fail to comply with our financial and other negative covenants contained in the agreements governing our indebtedness, we may be required to refinance all or part of our debt, sell important strategic assets at unfavorable prices, incur additional indebtedness or issue common stock or other equity securities. We may not be able to, at any given time, refinance our debt, sell assets, incur additional indebtedness or issue equity securities on terms acceptable to us, in amounts sufficient to meet our needs. If we are able to raise additional funds through the issuance of equity securities, such issuance would also result in dilution to our stockholders. Our inability to service our obligations or refinance our debt could have a material and adverse effect on our business, financial condition or operating results. In addition, our debt obligations may limit our ability to make required investments in capacity, technology, or other areas of our business, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, or operating results.
Any of these factors could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations and our ability to meet our debt payment obligations. See also “HEYDUDE Acquisition Risks — The incurrence by us of substantial indebtedness in connection with the financing of the HEYDUDE Acquisition may have an adverse impact on our liquidity, limit our flexibility in responding to other business opportunities, and increase our vulnerability to adverse economic and industry conditions.”
Despite our current level of indebtedness, we may be able to incur substantially more debt, which could increase the risks to our financial condition described above.
We may be able to incur substantial additional indebtedness in the future, such as the debt we are incurring to finance the HEYDUDE Acquisition in part. Although certain of the agreements governing our existing indebtedness contain restrictions on the incurrence of additional indebtedness and entering into certain types of other transactions, these restrictions are subject to a number of qualifications and exceptions, including compliance with various financial conditions. Additional indebtedness incurred in compliance with our existing debt instruments could be substantial. To the extent new debt is added to our current debt levels, the substantial leverage risks described in the immediately preceding risk factor would increase.
As of December 31, 2021, we had approximately $771.4 million in total indebtedness outstanding (net of $13.6 million of unamortized issuance costs related to the issuance of the Notes), including $85.0 million outstanding under the Revolving Facility, with total borrowing capacity of approximately $414.7 million thereunder (including $0.3 million of letters of credit outstanding as of such date). We also expect to enter into the Term Loan B Facility in an aggregate principal amount equal to $2.0 billion to finance the HEYDUDE Acquisition in part, as well as exercise the accordion provision on the Revolving Credit Agreement to increase the borrowing capacity under the Revolving Credit Agreement by $100.0 million.
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Financial and Accounting Risks
We may be required to record impairments of long-lived assets or incur other charges relating to our company-operated retail operations.
Impairment testing of our retail stores’ long-lived assets requires us to make estimates about our future performance and cash flows that are inherently uncertain. These estimates can be affected by numerous factors, including changes in economic conditions, our results of operations, and competitive conditions in the industry. Due to the fixed-cost structure associated with our retail operations, negative cash flows, or the closure of a store could result in impairment of leasehold improvements, impairment of right-of-use assets, impairment of other long-lived assets, write-downs of inventory, severance costs, significant lease termination costs or the loss of working capital, which could adversely impact our business and financial results. Impairment charges may increase as we continue to evaluate our retail operations. The recording of additional impairments in the future may have a material adverse impact on our business and financial results.
Our quarterly revenues and operating results are subject to fluctuation as a result of a variety of factors, which could increase the volatility of the price of our common stock.
Quarterly results may also fluctuate as a result of several factors, including new style introductions, general economic conditions, or changes in consumer preferences. Results for any one quarter or year are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for any other quarter or for any other year. This could lead to results outside of analyst and investor expectations, which could increase volatility of our stock price.
The risks of maintaining significant cash abroad could adversely affect our cash flows in the U.S., our business, and financial results.
We have substantial cash requirements in the U.S., but a significant portion of our cash is generated and held abroad. We generally consider unremitted earnings of subsidiaries operating outside the U.S. to be indefinitely reinvested, and it is not our current intent to change this position. Cash held outside of the U.S. is primarily used for the ongoing operations of the business in the locations in which the cash is held. Most of the cash held outside of the U.S. could be repatriated to the U.S., and under the U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, could be repatriated without incurring additional U.S. federal income taxes, although some states will continue to subject cash repatriations to income tax. In some countries, repatriation of certain foreign balances is restricted by local laws and could have adverse tax consequences if we were to move the cash to another country. These limitations may affect our ability to fully utilize our cash resources for needs in the U.S. or other countries and may adversely affect our liquidity.
Changes in tax laws and unanticipated tax liabilities and adverse outcomes from tax audits or tax litigation could adversely affect our effective income tax rate and profitability.
We are subject to income taxes in the U.S. and numerous foreign jurisdictions. Our effective income tax rate in the future could be adversely affected by a number of factors, including changes in the mix of earnings in countries with differing statutory tax rates, changes in the valuation of deferred tax assets and liabilities, changes in tax laws, and the outcome of income tax audits or tax litigation in various jurisdictions around the world. We are regularly subject to, and are currently undergoing, audits by tax authorities in the U.S. and foreign jurisdictions for prior tax years. Please refer to Note 15 — Commitments and Contingencies and Note 17 — Legal Proceedings in the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements included in Part II - Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional details regarding current tax audits. The final outcome of tax audits and related litigation is inherently uncertain and could be materially different than that reflected in our historical income tax provisions and accruals. Moreover, we could be subject to assessments of substantial additional taxes and/or fines or penalties relating to ongoing or future audits, which could have an adverse effect on our financial position and results of operations. Future changes in domestic or international tax laws and regulations could also adversely affect our effective tax rate or result in higher income tax liabilities. Recent developments, including U.S. tax reform, the European Commission’s investigations of local country tax authority rulings and whether those rulings comply with European Union rules on state aid, as well as the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development’s project on Base Erosion and Profit Shifting, continue to change long-standing tax principles. These and any other additional changes could adversely affect our effective tax rate or result in higher cash tax liabilities.
We may fail to meet analyst and investor expectations, which could cause the price of our stock to decline.
Our common stock is traded publicly and various securities analysts follow our financial results and frequently issue reports on us which include information about our historical financial results as well as their estimates of our future performance. These
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estimates are based on their own opinions and are often different from management’s estimates or expectations of our business. If our operating results are below the estimates or expectations of public market analysts and expectations of our investors, our stock price could decline.
HEYDUDE Acquisition Risks
Our ability to realize the benefits from the HEYDUDE Acquisition is substantially dependent on our ability to continue to grow HEYDUDE.
Our ability to realize the benefits from the HEYDUDE Acquisition is substantially dependent on our ability to continue to grow HEYDUDE. Combining with Crocs may not accelerate the growth and success of HEYDUDE and the HEYDUDE business may not perform as expected. If we are unsuccessful at, among other things, building HEYDUDE’s brand awareness, enhancing its digital capabilities, leveraging our wholesale relationships to enhance distribution, investing in HEYDUDE’s infrastructure as well as sales and business operations, leveraging our distribution for global growth and/or investing to scale our supply chain and gain efficiencies, our sales could be adversely affected, and our business could suffer. In addition, HEYDUDE’s product sales may not meet our expectations.
Moreover, HEYDUDE depends on a limited number of third-party manufacturers that are concentrated in China to produce its products. Due to the relative concentration of HEYDUDE’s third-party manufacturers, disruption at the facilities of such third-party manufacturing partners as a result of COVID-19 or otherwise, including through the effects of facility closures, reductions in operating hours and labor shortages may have a material adverse effect in the future. See the risk factors under “Risks Related to Our Supply Chain — Supply chain disruptions could interrupt product manufacturing and global logistics and increase product costs,” “Risks Related to Our Supply Chain — Our operations are dependent on the global supply chain and impacts of supply chain constraints and inflationary pressure could adversely impact our operating results” and “Risks Related to Our Supply Chain — We depend solely on third-party manufacturers located outside of the U.S.”
Further, our ability to realize the benefits from the HEYDUDE Acquisition may be dependent on the savings resulting from the timely and effective integration of the operations of Crocs and HEYDUDE. The process of integrating the operations of Crocs and HEYDUDE could encounter unexpected costs and delays, which include: the loss of key personnel; the loss of key customers; the loss of key suppliers; and unanticipated issues in integrating sales, marketing, and administrative functions. If we are unable to timely and effectively integrate the operations of Crocs and HEYDUDE, our costs could be adversely affected, and our business could suffer.
The announcement and pendency of the HEYDUDE Acquisition may have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, operating results, and cash flows.
On December 22, 2021, we entered into the Securities Purchase Agreement relating to the HEYDUDE Acquisition.
Upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in the Securities Purchase Agreement, we will pay consideration to the sellers of $2.05 billion in cash, subject to adjustment, and we will issue to one of the sellers 2,852,280 shares of our common stock, based on the average of the volume-weighted average price of our common stock for the 20 days immediately prior to the signing date.
Uncertainty about the effect of the HEYDUDE Acquisition on our employees, partners, customers and other third parties may disrupt our sales and marketing or other key business activities and may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, operating results, and cash flows. There can be no assurance we will be able to attract and retain key talent to the same extent that we have previously been able to attract and retain employees. Any loss or distraction of such employees could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and operating results. In addition, we have devoted, and will continue to devote, significant management and other internal resources towards the completion of the HEYDUDE Acquisition and planning for integration, which could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, operating results, and cash flows.
The incurrence by us of substantial indebtedness in connection with the financing of the HEYDUDE Acquisition may have an adverse impact on our liquidity, limit our flexibility in responding to other business opportunities, and increase our vulnerability to adverse economic and industry conditions.
We expect to incur a significant amount of indebtedness in connection with the financing of the HEYDUDE Acquisition, which we expect will be funded, in part, using borrowings under a new Term Loan B Facility in an aggregate principal amount equal to $2.0 billion. The use of indebtedness to finance the HEYDUDE Acquisition will reduce our liquidity and could cause us to
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place more reliance on cash generated from operations to pay principal and interest on our debt, thereby reducing the availability of our cash flow for working capital and capital expenditure needs or to pursue other potential strategic plans. We expect that the agreements we will enter into with respect to the indebtedness we will incur to finance the HEYDUDE Acquisition will contain certain restrictive covenants that limit, and in some circumstances prohibit, our ability to, among other things: incur additional debt or issue preferred stock; sell, lease or transfer our assets; pay dividends on, and make other distributions on, or redeem or repurchase, our common stock; make certain capital expenditures and investments; guarantee debt or obligations; create certain liens; repurchase our common stock; enter into transactions with our affiliates; and enter into certain merger, consolidation, or other reorganizations transactions. These restrictions could limit our ability to obtain future financing, incur or guarantee additional debt, incur certain liens, enter into transactions with affiliates, transfer or sell certain assets, make acquisitions or needed capital expenditures, withstand the current or future downturns in our business, or the economy in general, conduct operations or otherwise take advantage of business opportunities that may arise, any of which could place us at a competitive disadvantage relative to our competitors. Our ability to comply with these negative covenants can be affected by events beyond our control. In addition, a breach of the negative covenants could result in an event of default with respect to the indebtedness, which, if not cured or waived, could result in the indebtedness becoming immediately due and payable and could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, or operating results.
ITEM 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments
None.
ITEM 2. Properties
Our principal executive and administrative offices are located at 13601 Via Varra, Broomfield, Colorado 80020. We lease all of our domestic and international facilities. We currently enter into short-term and long-term leases for office, warehouse, and retail, including kiosk and store-in-store, space. The terms of our leases include fixed monthly rents and/or contingent rents based on percentage of revenues for certain of our retail locations, and expire at various dates through the year 2033. The general location, use, and approximate size of our principal properties, and the reportable operating segment are given below.
| Location | Reportable Operating Segment | Use | Approximate Square Feet | |||||||||||||||||
| Dayton, Ohio | Americas | Warehouse | 1,270,000 | |||||||||||||||||
| Dordrecht, the Netherlands | EMEA | Warehouse | 517,000 | |||||||||||||||||
| Rotterdam, the Netherlands | EMEA | Warehouse | 174,000 | |||||||||||||||||
Broomfield, Colorado (1) | Americas | Corporate headquarters and regional office | 88,000 | |||||||||||||||||
| Oudenbosch, the Netherlands | EMEA | Warehouse | 75,000 | |||||||||||||||||
| Hoofddorp, the Netherlands | EMEA | Regional office | 47,000 | |||||||||||||||||
| Singapore | Asia Pacific | Regional office | 17,000 | |||||||||||||||||
| Westwood, Massachusetts | Americas | Global commercial center | 16,000 | |||||||||||||||||
(1) In November 2021, we entered into a lease to move our corporate headquarters to a new location, also in Broomfield, with an approximate size of 190,000 square feet. We plan to complete the move of our corporate headquarters in 2023.
We believe these properties, particularly our distribution centers and warehouses, along with various third party distribution centers not included above, are adequate for our operations. Aside from the principal properties listed above, we lease various other offices and distribution centers worldwide to meet our sales and operational needs. We also lease 373 retail locations worldwide as of December 31, 2021. See Item 1. Business of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further discussion regarding global company-operated stores.
ITEM 3. Legal Proceedings
A discussion of legal matters is found in Note 17 — Legal Proceedings in the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements included in Part II - Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
ITEM 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
Not applicable.
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PART II
ITEM 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Market Information
Our common stock is listed on the Nasdaq Global Select Market under the stock symbol “CROX.”
Performance Graph
The following performance graph illustrates a five-year comparison of cumulative total return of our common stock, the Nasdaq Composite Index and the Dow Jones U.S. Footwear Index from December 31, 2016 through December 31, 2021. The graph assumes an investment of $100.00 on December 31, 2016 and assumes the reinvestment of all dividends and other distributions.
The Dow Jones U.S. Footwear Index is a sector index and includes companies in the major line of business in which we compete. This index does not encompass all of our competitors or all of our product categories and lines of business. The Dow Jones U.S. Footwear Index includes NIKE, Inc., Deckers Outdoor Corporation, Skechers U.S.A., Inc., Steven Madden Ltd., and Wolverine World Wide, Inc. The Nasdaq Composite Index is a market capitalization-weighted index and consists of more than 3,000 common equities, including Crocs, Inc. The stock performance shown on the performance graph above is not necessarily indicative of future performance. We do not make or endorse any predictions as to future stock performance.
Holders
The approximate number of stockholders of record of our common stock was 68 as of February 9, 2022.
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Dividends
We have never declared or paid cash dividends on our common stock, and we do not anticipate paying any cash dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future. Our financing arrangements include restrictions on cash dividends paid on our common stock. Any future determination to declare cash dividends on our common stock will be made at the discretion of our Board, subject to, among other things, our results of operations, financial condition, level of indebtedness, capital requirements, and compliance with covenants under any then-existing financing agreements.
Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer
| Period | Total Number of Shares Purchased | Average Price Paid per Share | Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs (1) | Maximum Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs (1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
October 1-31, 2021 (2) | 2,657,125 | $ | 188.17 | 2,657,125 | $ | 1,050,000,098 | ||||||||||||||||||||
November 1-30, 2021 | — | — | — | 1,050,000,098 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
December 1-31, 2021 (2) | 528,250 | (2) | 528,250 | 1,050,000,098 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | 3,185,375 | $ | 156.97 | 3,185,375 | $ | 1,050,000,098 | ||||||||||||||||||||
(1) On April 23, 2021, the Board approved a $712.2 million increase to our share repurchase authorization. Additionally, on September 23, 2021, the Board approved an increase of $1.0 billion to our share repurchase authorization. As of December 31, 2021, approximately $1,050.0 million remained available for repurchase under our share repurchase authorization. The number, price, structure, and timing of the repurchases, if any, will be at our sole discretion and future repurchases will be evaluated by us depending on market conditions, liquidity needs, restrictions under the agreements governing our indebtedness, and other factors. Share repurchases may be made in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions. The repurchase authorization does not have an expiration date and does not oblige us to acquire any particular amount of our common stock. The Board may suspend, modify, or terminate the repurchase program at any time without prior notice. In the immediate term, we plan to prioritize repayments of debt, including debt incurred to finance a part of the HEYDUDE Acquisition, and thus have suspended our share repurchase program until such time that our gross leverage is under 2.0x. We do not expect this to occur in 2022.
(2) Effective October 2021, we entered into an accelerated share repurchase arrangement (“ASR”) to repurchase $500.0 million of our common stock. In exchange for an up-front payment of $500.0 million, the financial institution that was party to the ASR committed to deliver to us shares of our common stock during the ASR’s purchase period, which ended in December 2021. In October 2021, 2.7 million shares were delivered at an average price of $188.17 (which is based on a partial share delivery in October 2021). Subsequently, in December 2021, an additional 0.5 million shares were delivered. The average price paid per share for the complete ASR was $156.97.
ITEM 6. [Reserved]
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ITEM 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Business Overview
Crocs, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company,” “Crocs,” “we,” “us,” or “our”) are engaged in the design, development, worldwide marketing, distribution, and sale of casual lifestyle footwear and accessories for women, men, and children. We strive to be the world leader in innovative casual footwear for women, men, and children, combining comfort and style with a value that consumers want. The vast majority of shoes within Crocs’ collection contain Croslite™ material, a proprietary, molded footwear technology, delivering extraordinary comfort with each step. The broad appeal of our footwear has allowed us to market our products through a wide range of distribution channels. We currently sell our products in more than 85 countries, through two distribution channels: wholesale and direct-to-consumer. Our wholesale channel includes domestic and international multi-brand retailers, mono-branded partner stores, e-tailers, and distributors; our direct-to-consumer channel includes company-operated retail stores, company-operated e-commerce sites, and third-party marketplaces.
Known or Anticipated Trends
Based on our recent operating results and our assessment of the current operating environment, we anticipate certain trends will continue to impact our future operating results:
•On December 22, 2021, we entered into a definitive agreement to acquire HEYDUDE, a privately-owned casual footwear brand, pursuant to the Securities Purchase Agreement. Upon closing, the HEYDUDE Acquisition will further diversify our product portfolio under two brands. The Securities Purchase Agreement provides that we will purchase all of the issued and outstanding equity securities of HEYDUDE for a purchase price of $2.05 billion in cash and 2,852,280 in Crocs shares. We expect to finance the Cash Consideration by entering into the $2.0 billion Term Loan B Facility and borrowing $50.0 million under the Revolving Facility. The HEYDUDE Acquisition is expected to close in February 2022, subject to customary closing conditions.
•Global industry-wide logistics challenges impacted us to some degree in the year ended December 31, 2021, particularly in the second half of the year, with some of our factories in Vietnam closed for several weeks or not operating at full capacity during the third and fourth quarters, and into the first quarter of 2022. We expect the situation to remain fluid as COVID-19 break-out rates fluctuate, including any deterioration in circumstances related to COVID-19 variants, and whether vaccination rates increase in the country. However, we have taken and will continue to take several measures to ensure continued future growth and strong gross margins in 2022, including: (i) prioritizing top-selling products and narrowing product assortment, which has and should continue to improve factory throughput, (ii) maintaining flexibility by leveraging air freight and reducing our dependency on congested West Coast ports in the United States by adding East Coast trans-shipment capabilities, and (iii) strategically allocating units and prioritizing our key growth initiatives. With the actions taken to date and our future plans, we believe Crocs is well-positioned to withstand these supply challenges.
•Despite these actions, we expect to still be impacted by global logistics challenges in 2022. Specifically, we plan to invest approximately $75 million in air freight in 2022 to bolster our inventory positions for the first half of the year in all regions. Supported by the health of our brand, wholesale orders for the first half of 2022 have been strong. However, we expect to have limitations around demand fulfillment in the first half of the year.
•Global inflation has also begun to impact our business, contributing to incremental freight costs, increased wages, particularly in our distribution centers, and increased raw materials cost. We expect this trend will continue in 2022.
•Consumer demand for the Crocs brand continues to be strong, fueled by increased marketing investment and compelling product, and is leading to strong sales growth, particularly in our clog silhouette and charms.
•In 2021, we invested, and plan to continue to invest, in selling, general and administrative expenses (“SG&A”), including marketing, talent, and digital commerce, to fuel long-term growth, while continuing to leverage revenue growth.
•In the year ended December 31, 2021, we repurchased $1.0 billion of shares, including accelerated share repurchases of $300.0 million in the three months ended June 30, 2021 and $500.0 million in the three months ended December 31, 2021. In the immediate term, we plan to prioritize repayments of debt, including debt incurred to finance a part of the HEYDUDE Acquisition, and thus have suspended our share repurchase program until such time that our gross leverage is under 2.0x. We do not expect this to occur in 2022.
•Our year-over-year results comparing the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 discussed below are impacted to some extent by prior year store closures and operating hour reductions as a result of the COVID-19 impact in 2020.
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Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures
In addition to financial measures presented on the basis of accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”), we present certain information related to our current period results of operations through “constant currency,” which is a non-GAAP financial measure and should be viewed as a supplement to our results of operations and presentation of reportable segments under U.S. GAAP. Constant currency represents current period results that have been retranslated using prior year average foreign exchange rates for the comparative period to enhance the visibility of the underlying business trends excluding the impact of foreign currency exchange rates on reported amounts.
Management uses constant currency to assist in comparing business trends from period to period on a consistent basis in communications with the Board, stockholders, analysts, and investors concerning our financial performance. We believe constant currency is useful to investors and other users of our consolidated financial statements as an additional tool to evaluate operating performance and trends. Investors should not consider constant currency in isolation from, or as a substitute for, financial information prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP.
2021 Financial and Operational Highlights
Revenues were $2,313.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2021, a 66.9% increase compared to the year ended December 31, 2020. The increase in 2021 revenues compared to 2020 revenues was due to the net effects of: (i) higher sales volumes, which increased revenues by $637.4 million, or 46.0%, driven by continued increased consumer demand for our products, some of which was due to improved sales in our DTC businesses as the pandemic subsided; (ii) higher average selling prices, which increased revenues by $265.9 million, or 19.2%, as a result of increased prices and reduced promotions and discounts; and (iii) favorable changes in exchange rates, which increased revenues by $24.2 million, or 1.7%.
The following were significant developments affecting our businesses during the year ended December 31, 2021:
•Revenues grew in all regional segments and channels compared to the year ended December 31, 2020. Our Americas segment revenues grew 86.1%, or 85.9% on a constant currency basis, while our EMEA segment revenues grew 46.2%, or 41.7% on a constant currency basis, and our Asia segment revenues grew 25.7%, or 21.5% on a constant currency basis.
•We sold 103.0 million pairs of shoes worldwide, an increase from 69.1 million pairs in 2020.
•Gross margin was 61.4% compared to 54.1% in 2020, an increase of 730 basis points, primarily as a result of increased pricing and fewer promotions and discounts, as well as favorable product and channel mix.
•SG&A was $737.2 million, an increase of $222.4 million, or 43.2%, compared to 2020, primarily as a result of increased investments in talent, marketing, and projects to fuel future growth. However, as a percent of revenues, SG&A improved 520 basis points to 31.9% of revenues as a result of strong sales growth and our continued leveraging of operating costs.
•Income from operations was $683.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to income from operations of $214.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2020. Our operating margin rose to 29.5%, compared to 15.4% in 2020.
•Net income was $725.7 million compared to $312.9 million in 2020. Diluted net income per common share was $11.39 for the year ended December 31, 2021, compared to a diluted net income per common share of $4.56 for the year ended December 31, 2020.
•During 2021, we issued $700.0 million of senior notes and at December 31, 2021, we had $414.7 million in available borrowing capacity under our Revolving Facility.
•We incurred costs of $6.4 million in the fourth quarter of 2021 in association with our planned HEYDUDE Acquisition, which is expected to close in February 2022, subject to customary closing conditions.
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Results of Operations
Comparison of the Years Ended December 31, 2021 and 2020
A discussion of our comparison between 2021 and 2020 is presented below. A discussion of the changes in our results of operations between the years ended December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 has been omitted from this Annual Report on Form 10-K but may be found in Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020, filed with the SEC on February 23, 2021, which is available free of charge on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov and our corporate website (www.crocs.com).
However, as a result of changes made in the presentation of certain costs between ‘Unallocated corporate and other’ and our regional segments in the year ended December 31, 2021, as described in more detail under “Reportable Operating Segments” below, we have included a discussion of the changes between the years ended December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, as revised to conform to current period segment presentation. The consolidated results of operations below have not changed from prior year presentation.
| Year Ended December 31, | $ Change | % Change | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Favorable (Unfavorable) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | 2021-2020 | 2021-2020 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands, except per share data, margin, and average selling price data) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues | $ | 2,313,416 | $ | 1,385,951 | $ | 927,465 | 66.9 | % | |||||||||||||||
| Cost of sales | 893,196 | 636,003 | (257,193) | (40.4) | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Gross profit | 1,420,220 | 749,948 | 670,272 | 89.4 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Selling, general and administrative expenses | 737,156 | 514,753 | (222,403) | (43.2) | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Asset impairments | — | 21,071 | 21,071 | 100.0 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Income from operations | 683,064 | 214,124 | 468,940 | 219.0 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Foreign currency losses, net | (140) | (1,128) | 988 | 87.6 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Interest income | 775 | 215 | 560 | 260.5 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense | (21,647) | (6,742) | (14,905) | (221.1) | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Other income, net | 1,797 | 510 | 1,287 | 252.4 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Income before income taxes | 663,849 | 206,979 | 456,870 | 220.7 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Income tax benefit | (61,845) | (105,882) | (44,037) | (41.6) | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Net income | $ | 725,694 | $ | 312,861 | $ | 412,833 | 132.0 | % | |||||||||||||||
Net income per common share: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic | $ | 11.62 | $ | 4.64 | $ | 6.98 | 150.4 | % | |||||||||||||||
| Diluted | $ | 11.39 | $ | 4.56 | $ | 6.83 | 149.8 | % | |||||||||||||||
Gross margin (1) | 61.4 | % | 54.1 | % | 730 | bp | 13.5 | % | |||||||||||||||
Operating margin (1) | 29.5 | % | 15.4 | % | 1,410 | bp | 91.6 | % | |||||||||||||||
Selling, general and administrative expenses as a percentage of revenues | 31.9 | % | 37.1 | % | 520 | bp | 14.0 | % | |||||||||||||||
| Footwear unit sales | 102,962 | 69,087 | 33,875 | 49.0 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Average footwear selling price - nominal basis (2) | $ | 22.27 | $ | 19.91 | $ | 2.36 | 11.9 | % | |||||||||||||||
(1) Changes for gross margin and operating margin are shown in basis points (“bp”).
(2) Average footwear selling price is calculated as footwear and charms revenues divided by footwear units.
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Revenues by Channel
| Year Ended December 31, | % Change | Constant Currency % Change (1) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Favorable (Unfavorable) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | 2021-2020 | 2021-2020 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Wholesale: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Americas | $ | 727,264 | $ | 390,930 | 86.0 | % | 86.1 | % | |||||||||||||||
| Asia Pacific | 184,335 | 133,416 | 38.2 | % | 34.3 | % | |||||||||||||||||
| EMEA | 262,395 | 168,410 | 55.8 | % | 50.4 | % | |||||||||||||||||
| Other businesses | 87 | 163 | (46.6) | % | (46.6) | % | |||||||||||||||||
| Total wholesale | 1,174,081 | 692,919 | 69.4 | % | 67.4 | % | |||||||||||||||||
Direct-to-consumer (2): | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Americas | 879,748 | 472,683 | 86.1 | % | 85.7 | % | |||||||||||||||||
| Asia Pacific | 165,825 | 145,099 | 14.3 | % | 9.8 | % | |||||||||||||||||
| EMEA | 93,762 | 75,250 | 24.6 | % | 22.2 | % | |||||||||||||||||
| Total direct-to-consumer | 1,139,335 | 693,032 | 64.4 | % | 62.9 | % | |||||||||||||||||
| Total revenues | $ | 2,313,416 | $ | 1,385,951 | 66.9 | % | 65.2 | % | |||||||||||||||
(1) Reflects year over year change as if the current period results were in constant currency, which is a non-GAAP financial measure. See “Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures” for more information.
(2) Direct-to-consumer revenues consist of sales generated through our company-operated retail stores (previously our “Retail” channel) and company-operated e-commerce websites and third-party e-commerce marketplaces (previously our “E-commerce” channel).
The primary drivers of the changes in revenues were:
| 2021 vs. 2020 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Volume | Price (1) | Foreign Exchange | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| $ Change | % Change | $ Change | % Change | $ Change | % Change | $ Change | % Change | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenues | $ | 637,382 | 46.0 | % | $ | 265,923 | 19.2 | % | $ | 24,160 | 1.7 | % | $ | 927,465 | 66.9 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(1) The change due to price is based on the change in average selling price on a constant currency basis (“ASP”).
Revenues. In the year ended December 31, 2021, revenues increased compared to 2020, primarily as a result of volume increases in all segments, led by our Americas segment, and all channels, led by our wholesale channel. This was due to increased consumer demand, attributable in part to cycling prior year negative COVID-19 impacts on prior year wholesale and retail store revenues, including traffic limitations in stores and reduced operating hours. Higher ASPs also contributed to higher revenues in all segments and channels, primarily in our direct-to-consumer (“DTC”) channel, as a result of increased pricing and fewer promotions and discounts, while foreign exchange fluctuations increased revenues due to favorable changes in the Euro, Korean Won, and Chinese Yuan.
Cost of sales. Cost of sales increased compared to 2020, primarily due to higher volume of $280.7 million, or 44.1% and foreign currency fluctuations, which increased cost of sales by $10.6 million, or 1.7%. These increases were partially offset by lower average cost per unit on a constant currency basis (“AUC”) of $34.1 million, or 5.4%, as a result of favorable product mix, moderated by higher freight costs associated with global supply chain disruptions, including the blockage in the Suez Canal in the first quarter of 2021 and container costs, port congestion, and Vietnam factory closures in the third and fourth quarters of 2021.
Gross profit. Gross margin was 61.4% compared to 54.1% in 2020, due to increased pricing, fewer promotions and discounts, and favorable product and channel mix. Gross profit increased $670.3 million, or 89.4%, due to higher volumes of $356.7 million, or 47.6%, the combined impact of higher ASP and lower AUC of $300.1 million, or 40.0%, and favorable foreign currency fluctuations of $13.5 million, or 1.8%.
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Selling, general and administrative expenses. SG&A as a percent of revenue improved to 31.9% during the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to 2020, as a result of strong sales growth and our continued efforts to leverage operating costs, while SG&A expenses increased $222.4 million, or 43.2% in the same period. This increase was driven by additional marketing investments of $80.0 million, which together with higher compensation expense and related costs of $79.0 million as a result of increased employee headcount and higher variable and executive compensation, compounded by the prior year temporary and permanent elimination of certain roles in response to COVID-19, both supported the growth of the business. Services costs increased $43.8 million from increased spending on consulting associated with supply chain investments, higher variable costs associated with sales growth, and costs related to our pending HEYDUDE Acquisition, and facilities expense was up $21.3 million primarily as a result of variable rent associated with higher sales. Other costs, including information technology expenses, were up by $15.3 million, offset in part by lower inventory donations of $8.6 million as a result of prior year COVID-19 donations to frontline healthcare workers and other organizations that did not recur at the same magnitude in the current year and lower bad debt expense of $8.4 million, mostly due to the prior year COVID-19 related impact on our distributors that did not recur in the current year, as well as collections on previously reserved bad debt expense.
Asset impairment charges. During the year ended December 31, 2021, we did not incur impairment charges. During the year ended December 31, 2020, we incurred $20.0 million in impairment charges to the right-of-use asset and store assets for a retail location in New York City and $1.1 million in impairment charges to the right-of-use asset for our former corporate headquarters.
Foreign currency losses, net. Foreign currency losses, net, consists of unrealized and realized foreign currency gains and losses from the remeasurement and settlement of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in non-functional currencies as well as realized and unrealized gains and losses on foreign currency derivative instruments. During the year ended December 31, 2021, we recognized realized and unrealized net foreign currency losses of $0.1 million compared to net losses of $1.1 million during the year ended December 31, 2020.
Income tax benefit. During the year ended December 31, 2021, we recognized an income tax benefit of $61.8 million on pre-tax book income of $663.8 million, representing an effective tax rate of (9.3)%, compared to an income tax benefit of $105.9 million on pre-tax book income of $207.0 million in 2020, which represented an effective tax rate of (51.2)%. The prior year effective tax rate is lower primarily due to the prior year net foreign deferred income tax benefit as a result of an intra-entity intellectual property rights transfer of $127.7 million, partially offset by the current year release of valuation allowances and the current year foreign deferred income tax benefit as a result of an intra-entity intellectual property rights transfer. Our effective tax rate has varied dramatically in recent years due to the intra-entity intellectual property rights transfer, differences in our profitability levels and relative operating earnings across multiple jurisdictions, and by changes in the valuation allowance.
During the three months ended December 31, 2021, we completed an intra-entity transfer of certain intellectual property rights primarily to align with current and future international operations. The transfer resulted in a step-up in tax basis of intellectual property rights and a correlated increase in foreign deferred tax assets based on the fair value of the transferred intellectual property rights. We recorded a deferred tax asset of $40.3 million, net of a reserve for uncertain tax positions of $16.1 million. As such, a net deferred tax asset of $24.2 million was recognized along with a corresponding foreign deferred income tax benefit.
Our valuation allowances are primarily the result of uncertainties regarding the future realization of tax attributes recorded in various jurisdictions. The measurement of deferred tax assets is reduced by a valuation allowance if, based upon available evidence, it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will not be realized. We have evaluated the realizability of our deferred tax assets in each jurisdiction by assessing the adequacy of expected taxable income, including the reversal of existing temporary differences, historical and projected operating results, and the availability of prudent and feasible tax planning strategies. In assessing our valuation allowance as of December 31, 2021, we considered all available evidence, including the magnitude of recent and current operating results, the duration of statutory carryforward periods, our historical experience utilizing tax attributes prior to their expiration dates, the historical volatility of operating results of these jurisdictions, and our assessment regarding the sustainability of their profitability. The weight we give to any particular item is, in part, dependent upon the degree to which it can be objectively verified. In 2021, a jurisdiction for which we have historically recorded significant valuation allowances enacted a favorable change in the tax law related to net operating loss carryforwards. This change in tax law impacted the assessment of valuation allowances in the jurisdiction as the reversal of existing deferred tax assets would generate indefinite carryforward net operating losses instead of losses with a limited carryforward period. During 2021, valuation allowances recorded against deferred tax assets decreased by $200.2 million.
The 2021 impact of changes in valuation allowances to the effective tax rate was a favorable impact of $192.3 million, equating to a 29.0% favorable impact. There is also a $7.9 million change in the valuation allowance related to cumulative translation adjustments. We maintain valuation allowances of approximately $26.5 million as of December 31, 2021, which may be
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reduced in the future depending upon the achieved profitability of certain jurisdictions as well as the magnitude of the profitability.
Reportable Operating Segments
The following table sets forth information related to our reportable operating business segments for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019. As a result of changes made in the presentation of certain costs between ‘Unallocated corporate and other’ and our regional segments in the year ended December 31, 2021, as described in more detail below, we have included a discussion of the changes in our results of operations between the years ended December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, as revised to conform to current period presentation.
| Year Ended December 31, | % Change | Constant Currency % Change (1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Favorable (Unfavorable) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | 2021-2020 | 2020-2019 | 2021-2020 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Americas | $ | 1,607,012 | $ | 863,613 | $ | 640,515 | 86.1 | % | 34.8 | % | 85.9 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Asia Pacific | 350,160 | 278,515 | 348,072 | 25.7 | % | (20.0) | % | 21.5 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| EMEA | 356,157 | 243,660 | 241,948 | 46.2 | % | 0.7 | % | 41.7 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Segment revenues | 2,313,329 | 1,385,788 | 1,230,535 | 66.9 | % | 12.6 | % | 65.2 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Unallocated corporate and other (3) | 87 | 163 | 58 | (46.6) | % | 181.0 | % | (46.6) | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total consolidated revenues | $ | 2,313,416 | $ | 1,385,951 | $ | 1,230,593 | 66.9 | % | 12.6 | % | 65.2 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Income from operations: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Americas (2) | $ | 778,310 | $ | 323,512 | $ | 179,199 | 140.6 | % | 80.5 | % | 139.6 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Asia Pacific (2) | 71,936 | 32,830 | 60,724 | 119.1 | % | (45.9) | % | 109.0 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
EMEA (2) | 111,539 | 65,914 | 64,771 | 69.2 | % | 1.8 | % | 63.9 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Segment income from operations | 961,785 | 422,256 | 304,694 | 127.8 | % | 32.8 | % | 125.5 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Reconciliation of segment income from operations to income (loss) before income taxes: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Unallocated corporate and other (2)(3) | (278,721) | (208,132) | (176,045) | (33.9) | % | (18.2) | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total consolidated income from operations | 683,064 | 214,124 | 128,649 | 219.0 | % | 66.4 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency losses, net | (140) | (1,128) | (1,323) | 87.6 | % | 14.7 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest income | 775 | 215 | 601 | 260.5 | % | (64.2) | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense | (21,647) | (6,742) | (8,636) | (221.1) | % | 21.9 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other income, net | 1,797 | 510 | 31 | 252.4 | % | 1,545.2 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Income before income taxes | $ | 663,849 | $ | 206,979 | $ | 119,322 | 220.7 | % | 73.5 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
(1) Reflects year over year change as if the current period results were in constant currency, which is a non-GAAP financial measure. See “Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures” for more information.
(2) In the first quarter of 2021, certain costs previously reported within ‘Other Businesses’ were shifted to the Americas, Asia Pacific, and EMEA segments. Additionally, any costs remaining in ‘Other Businesses,’ including depreciation and amortization, have been consolidated into ‘Unallocated corporate and other.’ In the second quarter of 2021, certain marketing expenses previously reported within ‘Unallocated corporate and other’ were shifted to the Americas, Asia Pacific, and EMEA segments. The previously reported amounts for income from operations for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 have been revised to conform to current period presentation. See the ‘Impacts of segment composition change’ and ‘Impacts of marketing expense allocations’ tables below for more information.
(3) “Unallocated corporate and other” includes corporate support and administrative functions, costs associated with share-based compensation, research and development, brand marketing, legal, and depreciation and amortization of corporate and other assets not allocated to operating segments.
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Impacts of segment composition change:
| Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||||
| 2020 | 2019 | ||||||||||
| (in thousands) | |||||||||||
| Impacts on income from operations: | |||||||||||
| Americas | $ | (29,285) | $ | (12,123) | |||||||
| Asia Pacific | (4,512) | (6,497) | |||||||||
| EMEA | 4,410 | (3,240) | |||||||||
| Total impact on segment income from operations | $ | (29,387) | $ | (21,860) | |||||||
| Unallocated corporate and other | $ | 29,387 | $ | 21,860 | |||||||
Impacts of marketing expense allocations:
| Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||||
| 2020 | 2019 | ||||||||||
| (in thousands) | |||||||||||
| Impacts on income from operations: | |||||||||||
| Americas | $ | (9,133) | $ | (13,546) | |||||||
| Asia Pacific | (10,100) | (13,424) | |||||||||
| EMEA | (1,810) | (2,315) | |||||||||
| Total impact on segment income from operations | $ | (21,043) | $ | (29,285) | |||||||
| Unallocated corporate and other | $ | 21,043 | $ | 29,285 | |||||||
The primary drivers of changes in revenues by operating segment were:
| 2021 vs. 2020 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Volume | Price (1) | Foreign Exchange | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| $ Change | % Change | $ Change | % Change | $ Change | % Change | $ Change | % Change | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Segment Revenues: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Americas | $ | 522,792 | 60.5 | % | $ | 219,144 | 25.4 | % | $ | 1,463 | 0.2 | % | $ | 743,399 | 86.1 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Asia Pacific | 24,881 | 8.9 | % | 34,987 | 12.6 | % | 11,777 | 4.2 | % | 71,645 | 25.7 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| EMEA | 89,785 | 36.8 | % | 11,792 | 4.8 | % | 10,920 | 4.5 | % | 112,497 | 46.2 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total segment revenues | $ | 637,458 | 46.0 | % | $ | 265,923 | 19.2 | % | $ | 24,160 | 1.7 | % | $ | 927,541 | 66.9 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(1) The change due to price for revenues is based on ASP, as defined earlier in this section.
Americas
Revenues. The Americas segment grew revenues 86.1% for the year ended December 31, 2021 compared 2020, as a result of higher volume and higher ASPs in both our wholesale and DTC channels. Volume was up versus prior year as a result of continued increased consumer demand, partially due to the prior year negative impact of COVID-19 on our brick-and-mortar stores. Higher ASPs also contributed to higher sales due mostly to higher pricing and fewer promotions and discounts, primarily in our DTC channel, as well as favorable product mix. Currency fluctuations had an immaterial impact on revenues.
The Americas segment grew in the year ended December 31, 2020, compared to 2019, with significant increases due to both ASP and volume, slightly offset by negative currency fluctuations, primarily in the Brazilian Real. DTC revenues increased 29.4%, primarily due to e-commerce growth, and wholesale revenues increased 42.0%. ASP increased in all channels as a result of less promotional activity, product mix, price increases, and increased sales of charms per shoe, while higher volumes in the
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e-commerce component of our DTC channel and wholesale channel more than offset lower volume in the retail component of our DTC channel. This was in part a result of COVID-19-related closures that drove a consumer shift to online shopping.
Income from Operations. During the year ended December 31, 2021, income from operations for our Americas segment was $778.3 million, an increase of $454.8 million, or 140.6% from 2020. Gross profit for the year ended December 31, 2021 increased $544.2 million, or 108.7%, and gross margin increased 700 basis points to 65.0%, compared to the year ended December 31, 2020. Gross profit increased $299.7 million, or 59.9%, due to sales volume increases in both channels, and increased $241.1 million, or 48.2%, due to higher ASP and lower AUC as a result of favorable product mix, including increased sales of charms per shoe, higher prices and fewer promotions and discounts, favorable channel mix, and increased efficiencies in our U.S. distribution network, partially offset by higher inbound freight costs. Immaterial favorable foreign currency fluctuations also increased gross profit.
During the year ended December 31, 2021, SG&A for our Americas segment increased by $89.4 million, or 50.5%, compared to 2020. This was primarily due to an investment in marketing of $50.0 million to support growth, higher compensation and related costs of $24.7 million as a result of increased headcount associated with the growth of the business and the prior year temporary and permanent elimination of certain roles in response to COVID-19, and $14.4 million in facilities costs, mostly associated with variable rent driven by higher retail sales. Additionally, higher services costs of $6.8 million and other costs of $5.6 million resulted predominantly from variable costs associated with higher sales. These increases were offset by lower donations of inventory of $8.3 million as a result of prior year COVID-19 donations to frontline healthcare workers that did not recur in the current year and lower bad debt expense of $3.8 million as a result of the prior year impact of COVID-19 on our distributors and subsequent collections in the current year.
During the year ended December 31, 2020, income from operations for our Americas segment was $323.5 million, an increase of $144.3 million, or 80.5% from 2019. Gross profit for the year ended December 31, 2020 increased $156.9 million, or 45.7%, and gross margin increased 432 basis points to 58.0%, compared to the year ended December 31, 2019. Gross profit increased $119.1 million, or 34.7%, due to higher ASP and lower AUC. ASP increased as a result of channel mix due to higher DTC e-commerce sales, less promotional activity, and favorable product mix. This was further supplemented by lower AUC as a result of product mix, partially offset by channel mix and higher distribution center costs from the expansion of our U.S. distribution center. Gross profit also increased $40.0 million, or 11.6%, due to sales volume. Foreign currency translation decreased gross profit by $2.2 million, or 0.6%.
During the year ended December 31, 2020, SG&A for our Americas segment increased by $12.6 million, or 7.7%, compared to 2019. This was primarily due to an increase in marketing costs of $5.8 million due to higher variable marketing associated with a higher share of e-commerce sales, $8.3 million of inventory donations associated with COVID-19, and an increase in other net costs of $3.5 million, in part due to bad debt expense recognized related to the impact of COVID-19 on our distributors. These increases were offset by a decrease of $5.0 million in compensation expense, primarily due to the temporary closure of, and reduction of store hours at, our retail stores during the year and the permanent elimination of certain roles in response to COVID-19.
Asia Pacific Operating Segment
Revenues. Revenues in our Asia Pacific segment increased in the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to 2020, as a result of volume increases in our wholesale channel driven in part by cycling prior year negative COVID-19 impacts on our distributor markets and ASP increases in both channels, as a result of increased pricing and fewer promotions and discounts. Revenue also increased as a result of fluctuations in foreign currency, including the Korean Won and Chinese Yuan.
The decrease in revenues in our Asia Pacific segment in the year ended December 31, 2020, compared to 2019, was primarily due to lower sales volumes in our wholesale channel and retail component of our DTC channel, as a result of store closures, decreased customer traffic, and lack of tourism, all of which were brought about by the pandemic. An increase in e-commerce DTC revenues partially offset these declines. Foreign currency fluctuations, primarily in the Korean Won, also decreased revenue slightly. Increased ASP, due to channel mix, fewer promotions and discounts, less discounting, and increased sales of charms per shoe, partially offset these declines.
Income from Operations. During the year ended December 31, 2021, income from operations for our Asia Pacific segment was $71.9 million, an increase of $39.1 million, or 119.1%. Gross profit for the year ended December 31, 2021 increased $63.5 million, or 43.7%, while gross margin increased 740 basis points to 59.6%, compared to the year ended December 31, 2020. The increase in gross profit was largely due to higher ASPs and lower AUCs, on a net basis, of $46.7 million, or 32.1%, resulting from price increases and less promotional activity, favorable product mix, and greater purchasing power from
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currency changes. Higher volume of $8.9 million, or 6.2%, and favorable currency fluctuations of $7.8 million, or 5.4%, also contributed to higher gross profit.
During the year ended December 31, 2021, SG&A for our Asia Pacific segment increased $24.4 million, or 21.7%, compared to the same period in 2020, primarily due to increased investment in marketing of $17.6 million to support growth, an increase in facilities expense of $5.1 million associated with variable rent driven by higher retail sales, an increase in compensation expense and related costs of $4.2 million, and an increase in other net costs, including variable costs associated with revenue growth, of $1.3 million. These increases were partially offset by lower bad debt expense of $2.5 million, primarily from net charges taken in the prior year in response to COVID-19, and prior year inventory donations to healthcare workers and other organizations of $1.4 million, neither of which recurred in 2021.
During the year ended December 31, 2020, income from operations for our Asia Pacific segment was $32.8 million, a decrease of $27.9 million, or 45.9%. Gross profit for the year ended December 31, 2020 decreased $34.0 million, or 19.0%, while gross margin increased 70 basis points to 52.2%, compared to the year ended December 31, 2019. The decrease in gross profit was largely due to lower volume of $33.7 million, or 18.8%, particularly in our wholesale channel, as a result of the lack of tourism in our distributors’ markets and temporary closures of our wholesale partners’ brick-and-mortar stores during the pandemic. Foreign currency fluctuations also decreased gross profit by $1.8 million or 1.0%. Finally, higher ASP, net of AUC, of $3.9 million, due to the shift in direct-to-consumer revenues, was offset by a pandemic-related inventory write-off of $2.4 million.
During the year ended December 31, 2020, SG&A for our Asia Pacific segment decreased $6.1 million, or 5.2%, compared to the same period in 2019. This was due in part to reductions in compensation expense of $3.2 million due to the temporary and permanent elimination of certain roles in response to COVID-19, facilities expense of $3.2 million as a result of store closures in Australia and Hong Kong and COVID-19 related rent abatements, primarily in Singapore, marketing cost of $2.2 million, and travel and related costs of $2.0 million. These decreases were offset by an increase in SG&A from donations of inventory to frontline healthcare workers and other organizations of $1.4 million, higher bad debt expense of $1.2 million, in part due to the impact of COVID-19 on distributor partners, and higher other net costs of $1.9 million.
Europe, Middle East, and Africa Operating Segment
Revenues. Revenues increased for our EMEA segment compared to the year ended December 31, 2020, most significantly as a result of higher volumes in both channels, particularly in wholesale, resulting from increased product demand and cycling prior year negative COVID-19 impacts which further increased the disparity between the two periods. Higher ASPs in all channels, as a result of price increases and fewer promotions and discounts, and favorable foreign currency fluctuations in the Euro also increased revenues.
The increase in revenues for our EMEA segment in the year ended December 31, 2020, compared 2019, was due to increased ASP, primarily in our DTC channel as a result of less discounting, offset in part by lower volumes. Within our DTC channel, e-commerce volume increases of 33.4% were more than offset by retail volume decreases of 36.4%, and wholesale volume decreases of 2.7%, as consumers shifted to online shopping during the pandemic. Negative foreign currency fluctuations in the Russian Ruble, partially offset by positive fluctuations in the Euro, also reduced revenues.
Income from Operations. During the year ended December 31, 2021, income from operations for our EMEA segment was $111.5 million, an increase of $45.6 million, or 69.2%. Gross profit for the year ended December 31, 2021 increased $59.7 million, or 49.5%, and gross margin increased by 110 basis points to 50.6% compared to the year ended December 31, 2020. The increase in our EMEA segment gross profit was due to higher volumes of $42.4 million, or 35.1%, primarily in our wholesale channel, and higher ASPs, supplemented by slightly lower AUCs, of $12.3 million, or 10.2%, as a result of purchasing power gains, favorable product mix, and price increases and fewer promotions and discounts, offset in part by higher freight costs. Favorable foreign currency fluctuations of $5.1 million, or 4.2% also contributed to higher gross profit.
During the year ended December 31, 2021, SG&A for our EMEA segment increased $14.1 million, or 25.8%, compared to the same period in 2020. Additional investments in marketing to support growth of $10.2 million, higher compensation expense and related costs of $3.5 million, and higher facilities and other net costs of $2.2 million were offset in part by $1.8 million lower bad debt expense.
During the year ended December 31, 2020, income from operations for our EMEA segment was $65.9 million, a decrease of $1.1 million, or 1.8%. Gross profit for the year ended December 31, 2020 increased $2.4 million, or 2.0%, and gross margin increased by 60 basis points to 49.5% compared to the year ended December 31, 2019. The decrease in our EMEA segment gross profit was due to lower volumes of $3.6 million, or 3.1%, primarily in the retail component of our DTC channel, and
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negative foreign currency fluctuations of $1.2 million, or 1.1%. Higher ASP in the e-commerce component of our DTC channel as a result of fewer promotions and discounts and price increases led to a total increase to gross profit of $7.2 million or 6.1%.
During the year ended December 31, 2020, SG&A for our EMEA segment increased $1.3 million, or 2.2%, compared to the same period in 2019, primarily due to increased marketing cost of $2.1 million as a result of higher variable marketing associated with a higher share of e-commerce sales and increased other net costs of $0.7 million, offset by a reduction in compensation expense of $1.5 million.
Unallocated Corporate and Other
During the year ended December 31, 2021, total net costs within ‘Unallocated corporate and other’ increased by $70.6 million, or 33.9%, compared to the same period in 2020. This was primarily driven by an increase in compensation expense of $46.6 million due to increased employee headcount and the related hiring costs and higher variable and executive compensation, as well as higher services costs of $35.2 million as a result of supply chain investments, legal expenses, and costs associated with our pending HEYDUDE Acquisition. We also had higher information technology costs of $10.7 million. These increases were partially offset by prior year impairment charges of $21.1 million, primarily related to a retail location in New York City, that did not recur in the current year, and lower other net costs of $0.8 million.
During the year ended December 31, 2020, total net costs within ‘Unallocated Corporate and Other’ increased by $32.1 million, or 18.2%, compared to the same period in 2019. This increase was primarily due to a $20.0 million impairment to the right-of-use asset and store assets for a retail location in New York City, a $1.1 million impairment to the right-of-use asset for our former corporate headquarters, higher compensation expense of $13.2 million due to higher variable compensation and sales commissions associated with higher revenues, and an increase in facilities expense of $3.0 million due to duplicate rent costs associated with our new corporate headquarters and higher insurance premiums. There were also increases in various other costs, including marketing, of $6.2 million. These higher costs were partially offset by lower supply chain costs of $7.6 million due to the impact of favorable foreign currency on purchasing power and favorable sourcing mix and decreases in travel, professional services, and other costs of $3.8 million.
Store Locations and Digital Sales Percentage
The table below illustrates the overall change in the number of our company-operated retail locations by reportable operating segment:
| December 31, 2020 | Opened | Closed | December 31, 2021 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating segment: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Americas | 165 | 9 | 1 | 173 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Asia Pacific | 137 | 23 | 7 | 153 | |||||||||||||||||||
| EMEA | 49 | 1 | 3 | 47 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total | 351 | 33 | 11 | 373 | |||||||||||||||||||
Digital sales, which includes sales through our company-owned website, third-party marketplaces, and e-tailers (which are reported in our wholesale channel), as a percent of total revenues, by operating segment were:
| Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | ||||||||||
| Digital sales as a percent of total revenues: | |||||||||||
| Americas | 33.5 | % | 38.5 | % | |||||||
| Asia Pacific | 37.1 | % | 39.2 | % | |||||||
| EMEA | 50.7 | % | 54.8 | % | |||||||
| Global | 36.7 | % | 41.5 | % | |||||||
The 2020 digital sales percentages were impacted to some extent by the COVID-19 pandemic, which increased digital penetration when brick-and-mortar stores were closed during such time-frame. Nonetheless, we expect digital sales to continue to increase going forward.
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As a result of temporary store closures across the globe due to COVID-19, primarily in the year ended December 31, 2020, we have not presented direct-to-consumer comparable sales.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our liquidity position as of December 31, 2021 was:
| December 31, 2021 | |||||
| (in thousands) | |||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 213,197 | |||
| Available borrowings | 414,725 | ||||
As of December 31, 2021, we had $213.2 million in cash and cash equivalents and up to $414.7 million in available borrowings under our Revolving Facility. We believe that our cash flows from operations, our cash and cash equivalents on hand, and available borrowings under our Revolving Facility and other financing agreements will be sufficient to meet our ongoing liquidity needs and capital expenditure requirements for at least the next twelve months. Additionally, in March 2021 and August 2021, we completed the issuance and sale of $350.0 million aggregate principal amount of 2029 Notes (as defined below) and $350.0 million aggregate principal amount of 2031 Notes (as defined below), respectively. In the year ended December 31, 2021, we repurchased $1.0 billion of shares, including accelerated share repurchases of $300.0 million in the three months ended June 30, 2021 and $500.0 million in the three months ended December 31, 2021. As a result of the HEYDUDE Acquisition, we have suspended our share repurchase program, as described in more detail below.
The consideration for the HEYDUDE Acquisition will be comprised of $2.05 billion in cash and 2,852,280 in Crocs shares. The transaction is expected to close in February 2022, subject to customary closing conditions. To finance the Cash Consideration, in the first quarter of 2022, we expect to enter into the $2.0 billion Term Loan B Credit Agreement, as well as borrow $50.0 million under our Revolving Facility, which we will amend to update certain terms and conditions, including covenants, to be more favorable to the pending HEYDUDE Acquisition. We also intend to exercise the accordion provision to increase our borrowing capacity from $500.0 million to $600.0 million. In 2022, we plan to use excess cash generated by our operations to repay our outstanding debt, including debt incurred to finance a part of the HEYDUDE Acquisition, and, as such, we have suspended our share repurchase program until such time that our gross leverage is under 2.0x. We do not expect this to occur in 2022. See the risk factor under “HEYDUDE Acquisition Risks — The incurrence by us of substantial indebtedness in connection with the financing of the HEYDUDE Acquisition may have an adverse impact on our liquidity, limit our flexibility in responding to other business opportunities, and increase our vulnerability to adverse economic and industry conditions” included in Part I - Item 1A. Risk Factors of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further information on liquidity risks associated with the HEYDUDE Acquisition.
Additional future financing may be necessary to fund our operations and there can be no assurance that, if needed, we will be able to secure additional debt or equity financing on terms acceptable to us or at all. Although we believe we have adequate sources of liquidity over the long term, the success of our operations, the global economic outlook, and the pace of sustainable growth in our markets could each impact our business and liquidity.
Repatriation of Cash
As a global business, we have cash balances in various countries and amounts are denominated in various currencies. Fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates impact our results of operations and cash positions. Future fluctuations in foreign currencies may have a material impact on our cash flows and capital resources. Cash balances held in foreign countries may have additional restrictions associated with them which could adversely impact our liquidity and our ability to timely access and transfer cash balances between entities.
All of the cash held outside of the U.S. could be repatriated to the U.S. without incurring additional U.S. federal income taxes. As of December 31, 2021, we held $97.7 million of our total $213.2 million in cash in international locations. This cash is primarily used for the ongoing operations of the business in the locations in which the cash is held. None of the $97.7 million held in international locations is limited by local regulations.
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Senior Revolving Credit Facility
In July 2019, Crocs, Inc. and certain of its subsidiaries (the “Borrowers”) entered into a Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (as amended, the “Revolving Credit Agreement”), with the lenders named therein and PNC Bank, National Association, as a lender and administrative agent for the lenders, which provides for a revolving credit facility of $500.0 million, which can be increased by an additional $100.0 million subject to certain conditions (the “Revolving Facility”). Borrowings under the Revolving Credit Agreement bear interest at a variable rate based on (A) a domestic base rate (defined as the highest of (i) the Federal Funds open rate, plus 0.25%, (ii) the Prime Rate, and (iii) the Daily LIBOR rate, plus 1.00%), plus an applicable margin ranging from 0.25% to 0.875% based on our leverage ratio, or (B) a LIBOR rate, plus an applicable margin ranging from 1.25% to 1.875% based on our leverage ratio. Borrowings under the Revolving Credit Agreement are secured by all of the assets of the Borrowers and guaranteed by certain other subsidiaries of the Borrowers.
The Revolving Credit Agreement required us to maintain a minimum interest coverage ratio of 4.00 to 1.00 and a maximum leverage ratio of 3.50 to 1.00 from the quarter ended December 31, 2020 to the quarter ended December 31, 2021. Additionally, the Revolving Credit Agreement requires us to maintain a minimum interest coverage ratio of 4.00 to 1.00 and a maximum leverage ratio of 3.25 to 1.00 from the quarter ending March 31, 2022 and thereafter (subject to adjustment in certain circumstances). The Revolving Credit Agreement permits (i) stock repurchases subject to certain restrictions, including after giving effect to such stock repurchases, the maximum leverage ratio does not exceed certain levels; and (ii) certain acquisitions so long as there is borrowing availability under the Revolving Credit Agreement of at least $40.0 million. As of December 31, 2021, we were in compliance with all financial covenants under the Revolving Credit Agreement.
As of December 31, 2021, the total commitments available from the lenders under the Revolving Facility were $500.0 million. At December 31, 2021, we had $85.0 million in outstanding borrowings, which are due when the Revolving Facility matures in July 2024, and $0.3 million in outstanding letters of credit under the Revolving Facility, which reduces amounts available for borrowing under the Revolving Facility. As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, we had $414.7 million and $319.4 million, respectively, of available borrowing capacity under the Revolving Facility. See above regarding our plans to amend and increase our borrowing capacity.
Senior Notes Issuances
On March 12, 2021, the Company completed the issuance and sale of $350.0 million aggregate principal amount of 4.250% Senior Notes due March 15, 2029 (the “2029 Notes”), pursuant to the indenture related thereto (“the March Indenture”). Additionally, on August 10, 2021, the Company completed the issuance and sale of $350.0 million aggregate principal amount of 4.125% Senior Notes due August 15, 2031 (the “2031 Notes”), pursuant to the indenture related thereto (“the August Indenture” and, together with the March Indenture, the “Indentures”). Interest on each of the 2029 Notes and the 2031 Notes (collectively, the “Notes”) is payable semi-annually.
The Company will have the option to redeem all or any portion of the 2029 Notes, at once or over time, at any time on or after March 15, 2024, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount thereof, plus a premium declining ratably on an annual basis to par and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the date of redemption. The Company will also have the option to redeem some or all of the 2029 Notes at any time before March 15, 2024 at a redemption price of 100% of the principal amount to be redeemed, plus a “make-whole” premium and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the date of redemption. In addition, at any time before March 15, 2024, the Company may redeem up to 40% of the aggregate principal amount of the 2029 Notes at a redemption price of 104.250% of the principal amount with the proceeds from certain equity issuances, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the date of redemption.
The Company will have the option to redeem all or any portion of the 2031 Notes, at once or over time, at any time on or after August 15, 2026, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount thereof, plus a premium declining ratably on an annual basis to par and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the date of redemption. The Company will also have the option to redeem some or all of the 2031 Notes at any time before August 15, 2026 at a redemption price of 100% of the principal amount to be redeemed, plus a “make-whole” premium and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the date of redemption. In addition, at any time before August 15, 2024, the Company may redeem up to 40% of the aggregate principal amount of the 2031 Notes at a redemption price of 104.125% of the principal amount with the proceeds from certain equity issuances, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the date of redemption.
The Notes rank pari passu in right of payment with all of the Company’s existing and future senior debt, including the Revolving Credit Agreement, and are senior in right of payment to any of the Company’s future debt that is, by its term, expressly subordinated in right of payment to the Notes. The Notes are unconditionally guaranteed by each of the Company’s restricted subsidiaries that is a borrower or guarantor under the Revolving Credit Agreement and by each of the Company’s
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wholly-owned restricted subsidiaries that guarantees any debt of the Company or any guarantor under any syndicated credit facility or capital markets debt in an aggregate principal amount in excess of $25.0 million.
The Indentures contain covenants that, among other things, limit the ability of the Company and its restricted subsidiaries to incur additional debt or issue certain preferred stock; declare and pay dividends or repurchase or redeem capital stock or make other restricted payments; declare and pay dividends or other payments; incur liens; enter into certain types of transactions with the Company’s affiliates; and consolidate or merge with or into other companies. As of December 31, 2021, we were in compliance with all financial covenants under the Indentures.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Our consolidated statements of cash flows are summarized as follows:
| Year Ended December 31, | $ Change | % Change | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | Favorable (Unfavorable) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash provided by operating activities | $ | 567,165 | $ | 266,902 | $ | 300,263 | 112.5 | % | |||||||||||||||
| Cash used in investing activities | (55,925) | (41,762) | (14,163) | (33.9) | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Cash used in financing activities | (429,638) | (198,038) | (231,600) | (116.9) | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash | (3,950) | 126 | (4,076) | (3234.9) | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Net change in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash | $ | 77,652 | $ | 27,228 | $ | 50,424 | 185.2 | % | |||||||||||||||
Operating Activities. Our primary source of liquidity is cash provided by operating activities, consisting of net income adjusted for non-cash items and changes in working capital. Cash provided by operating activities increased $300.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to the year ended December 31, 2020. This change was driven by higher net income adjusted for non-cash items of $477.2 million, partly offset by a net decrease in operating assets and liabilities of $176.9 million.
Investing Activities. The $14.2 million increase in cash used in investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to the year ended December 31, 2020 is primarily due an increase in the purchases of property, equipment, and software, related to the expansion of our distribution centers.
Financing Activities. The $231.6 million increase in cash used in financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to the year ended December 31, 2020 resulted primarily from an increase of $829.1 million in repurchases of our common stock, as detailed below, and a decrease in borrowings of $70.0 million, net of repayments, on our Revolving Facility. Additionally, there was an increase of $17.1 million in repurchases of common stock for tax withholding, an increase of $14.2 million in deferred debt issuance costs, primarily related to the Notes issuances, and an increase of cash used in other financing activities of $1.2 million. The overall increase in cash used in financing activities was offset by an increase in proceeds from the Notes issuances of $700.0 million.
Stock Repurchases
On February 20, 2018, the Board approved and authorized a program to repurchase up to $500.0 million of our common stock, and on May 5, 2019, the Board approved an increase to the repurchase authorization of an additional $500.0 million of our common stock. On April 23, 2021, the Board approved a $712.2 million increase to our share repurchase authorization. Additionally, on September 23, 2021, the Board approved an increase of $1.0 billion to our share repurchase authorization. The number, price, structure, and timing of the repurchases are at our sole discretion and may be made depending on market conditions, liquidity needs, restrictions under the agreements governing our indebtedness, and other factors. The Board of Directors may suspend, modify, or terminate the program at any time without prior notice. Share repurchases may be made in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions. The repurchase authorization does not have an expiration date and does not obligate us to acquire any amount of our common stock. Under Delaware state law, these shares are not retired, and we have the right to resell any of the shares repurchased.
We repurchased 8.2 million shares of our common stock at a cost of $1,000.0 million, including commissions, during the year ended December 31, 2021. This includes 3.2 million shares delivered under the $500.0 million accelerated share repurchase arrangement (“ASR”) entered into in September 2021, 2.9 million shares delivered under the $300.0 million ASR entered into in April 2021, and 0.5 million shares delivered in January 2021 at the conclusion of the purchase period for the ASR entered
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into in November 2020. Under each ASR, a financial institution delivered shares of our common stock during the purchase period in exchange for an up-front payment. The total number of shares ultimately delivered under the ASR, and therefore the average repurchase price paid per share, was determined based on the volume-weighted average price of our common stock during the purchase period. As of December 31, 2021, we had remaining authorization to repurchase approximately $1,050.0 million of our common stock, subject to restrictions under the agreements governing our indebtedness.
During the year ended December 31, 2020, we repurchased 3.2 million shares of our common stock at a cost of $170.8 million, including commissions. This included 1.5 million shares delivered under a $125.0 million November 2020 ASR.
In 2022, we plan to use excess cash generated by our operations to repay debt, including debt incurred to finance a part of the HEYDUDE Acquisition and, as such, we have suspended our share repurchase program until such time that our gross leverage is under 2.0x. We do not expect this to occur in 2022.
See Note 10 — Equity in the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements included in Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for more information on our repurchases and repurchase authorizations.
Contractual Obligations
We believe we have sufficient liquidity to fund our operations and meet our short-term and long-term obligations. Our material future cash obligations as of December 31, 2021 include the following:
| Less than 1 Year | Thereafter | Total | |||||||||||||||
| (approximately, in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||
| Debt-related: | |||||||||||||||||
Debt obligations (1) | $ | — | $ | 771,400 | $ | 771,400 | |||||||||||
Interest on debt obligations (2) | 30,700 | 214,700 | 245,400 | ||||||||||||||
Lease-related (3): | |||||||||||||||||
Lease obligations | 44,900 | 175,600 | 220,500 | ||||||||||||||
| Obligations for leases not yet commenced | 1,700 | 81,400 | 83,100 | ||||||||||||||
| Other: | |||||||||||||||||
Distribution and logistics obligations (4) | 57,700 | 900 | 58,600 | ||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | 135,000 | $ | 1,244,000 | $ | 1,320,400 | |||||||||||
(1) Net of $13.6 million of unamortized issuance costs related to the issuance of the Notes.
(2) Represents future interest payment obligations, which are estimated by assuming the amounts outstanding under our Revolving Facility and the interest rates in effect as of December 31, 2021, will remain constant into the future. This is only an estimate, as actual amounts borrowed and rates will vary over time, based on a domestic base rate or LIBOR rate, as described in the “Senior Revolving Credit Facility” section.
(3) Our operating lease obligations consist of leases for real estate, which includes retail, warehouse, distribution center, and office spaces and represent the minimum cash commitment under contract to various third parties for operating lease obligations. For more information on our leases obligations and obligations for leases not yet commenced, refer to Note 6 — Leases in the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements included in Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for more information.
(4) Represents material contractual obligations associated with global distribution and logistics projects.
We also have purchase commitments to our third-party manufacturers, primarily for materials and supplies used in the manufacture of our products, for an aggregate of $274.9 million. We expect to fulfill our commitments under these agreements in the next twelve months in the normal course of business and are only liable for the portion of the purchase obligations that have been purchased by the third-party manufacturer or manufactured by the vendor, with the remainder cancellable without penalty. Refer to Note 15 — Commitments and Contingencies in the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements included in Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for more information.
We had no material off-balance sheet arrangements as of December 31, 2021, other than certain purchase commitments, as described in the preceding paragraph.
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Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
General
Our discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations, outside of discussions regarding constant currency and non-GAAP financial measures, is based on the consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with GAAP. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, and contingencies as of the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. We evaluate our assumptions and estimates on an on-going basis.
An accounting policy is considered to be critical if it is important to our results of operations, financial condition, and cash flows, and requires significant judgment and estimates on the part of management in its application. Our estimates are often based on historical experience, complex judgments, assessments of probability, and assumptions that management believes to be reasonable, but that are inherently uncertain and unpredictable. We believe that the following discussion represents those accounting policies that are the most critical to the reporting of our financial condition and results of operations. For a discussion of our significant accounting policies, see Note 1 — Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements included in Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Reserves for Uncollectible Accounts Receivable, Sales Returns, Allowances, Discounts, and Rebates
We make ongoing estimates related to the collectability of our accounts receivable and maintain a reserve for estimated losses resulting from the inability or unwillingness of our customers to make required payments. Our estimates are based on a variety of factors, including the length of time receivables are past due, economic trends and conditions affecting our customer base, significant non-recurring events, and historical write-off experience. Specific provisions are recorded for individual receivables when we become aware of a customer’s inability or unwillingness to meet its financial obligations. Because we cannot predict future changes in the financial stability of our customers, actual future losses from uncollectible accounts may differ from our estimates and we may experience changes in the amount of reserves we recognize for accounts receivable that we deem uncollectible. If the financial condition of our customers were to deteriorate, resulting in their inability to make payments, a larger reserve might be required. In the event we determine that a smaller or larger reserve is appropriate, we would record a credit or a charge, respectively, to ‘Selling, general and administrative expenses’ in our consolidated statement of operations in the period in which we made such a determination.
Additionally, a significant area of judgment affecting reported revenues and net income involves estimating reserves for sales returns, allowances, discounts, and rebates, which represent the portion of revenues not expected to be realized. Wholesale revenues are reduced by estimates of returns, allowances, discounts, contractual discounts to major customers, and rebates. We also may accept returns from our wholesale customers, on an exception basis, to ensure that our products are merchandised in the proper assortments, and may provide markdown allowances at our sole discretion to key wholesalers and distributors to facilitate sales of slower moving products. Further, we record reductions to revenues for estimated customer credits as a result of price markdowns in certain markets. Revenues in our retail and e-commerce channels are also reduced by an estimate of returns.
Our estimated sales returns and allowances are based on customer return history and actual outstanding returns yet to be received. Changes to our estimates for customer returns, allowances, discounts, and rebates may be caused by many factors, including, but not limited to whether customers accept our new styles, customer inventory levels, shipping delays or errors, known or suspected product defects, the seasonal nature of our products, and macroeconomic factors affecting our customers. Historically, actual amounts of customer returns, allowances, discounts, and rebates have not differed significantly from our estimates. A hypothetical 1% increase in our reserves for returns, allowances, discounts, and rebates as of December 31, 2021 would have an immaterial impact on our 2021 revenues.
See Schedule II in Part IV - Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedule to the accompanying consolidated financial statements of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for an analysis of the activity in our reserves for uncollectible accounts receivable, sales returns, allowances, and discounts.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
Property and equipment along with other long-lived assets are evaluated for impairment periodically whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying values may not be fully recoverable. Testing of long-lived assets for impairment is at the level of an asset group, which is the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent
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of the cash flows of other assets and liabilities. In our retail business, the asset group for impairment testing is each individual retail store. In evaluating long-lived assets for recoverability, we use our best estimate of future cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset and its eventual disposition, where applicable. To the extent that estimated future undiscounted net cash flows attributable to the asset are less than its carrying value, an impairment loss is recognized equal to the difference between the carrying value of such asset and its fair value. Assets to be disposed of and for which there is a committed plan of disposal are reported at the lower of carrying value or fair value, less costs to sell.
In determining future cash flows, we take various factors into account, including the remaining useful life of each asset group, forecasted growth rates, pricing, working capital, capital expenditures, and other cash needs specific to the asset group. Additional considerations when assessing impairment include changes in our strategic operational and financial decisions, global and regional economic conditions, demand for our product and other corporate initiatives which may eliminate or significantly decrease the realization of future benefits from our long-lived assets. Since the determination of future cash flows is an estimate of future performance, future impairments may arise in the event that future cash flows do not meet expectations.
In 2021, we did not record impairments to reduce the net carrying value of certain long-lived assets. In 2020, we recorded non-cash impairments of $20.0 million to reduce the net carrying value of certain long-lived assets to their estimated fair values for a retail store in New York City and $1.1 million for our former corporate headquarters. During 2019, we did not record any impairment charges. See Note 3 — Property and Equipment, Net in the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements included in Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further information related to long-lived asset impairments.
Income Taxes
In 2020, we completed changes to our international legal structure that created an amortizable step-up in tax basis of the intangible asset and a corresponding increase in foreign deferred tax assets based on the fair value of the intellectual property (“IP”). As of December 31, 2021, the related net deferred tax asset is $449.9 million, net of a reserve for uncertain tax positions of $189.9 million. Additionally, during the three months ended December 31, 2021, we completed an intra-entity transfer of certain IP rights primarily to align with current and future international operations. This transfer also resulted in a step-up in tax basis of IP rights and a correlated increase in foreign deferred tax assets based on the fair value of the transferred IP rights. We recorded a deferred tax asset of $40.3 million, net of a reserve for uncertain tax positions of $16.1 million, which resulted in a net deferred tax asset of $24.2 million, and a corresponding foreign deferred income tax benefit. This transaction was executed using transfer pricing guidelines issued by the relevant taxing authorities. Significant estimates and assumptions were required to compute the valuation of this transaction. These estimates and assumptions include, but are not limited to, estimated future revenue growth and discount rates, which by their nature are inherently uncertain and, therefore, may ultimately differ materially from our actual results.
In order to support and sustain the amortizable tax basis (and associated deferred tax asset, net of uncertain tax position), we must demonstrate economic ownership, including the appropriate authority and expertise to manage the IP owned and serviced in the Netherlands. The determination of economic substance is a judgment that has to be evaluated by management on a continual basis requiring understanding and expertise of local laws of each associated tax jurisdiction. The Netherlands subsidiary serves as the principal Crocs corporate headquarters outside of the U.S. and already performs significant functions in support of the economic ownership of the IP in the Netherlands. In 2021, we undertook many additional activities to align business operations that support the economic substance of the IP in the Netherlands.
We have also recorded certain tax reserves to address potential differences involving our income tax positions. These potential tax liabilities result from the varying application of statutes, rules, regulations and interpretations by different taxing jurisdictions. While our tax position is not uncertain, because of the significant estimates used in the value of certain intellectual property rights, our tax reserves contain assumptions based on past experiences and judgments about the interpretation of statutes, rules and regulations by taxing jurisdictions. It is possible that the costs of the ultimate tax liability or benefit from these matters may be materially more or less than the amount that we estimated.
We account for income taxes using the asset and liability method, which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the carrying amounts and the tax bases of other assets and liabilities. We provide for income taxes at the current and future enacted tax rates and laws applicable in each taxing jurisdiction. We account for the tax effects of GILTI as a component of income tax expense in the period the tax arises, to the extent applicable. We use a two-step approach for recognizing and measuring tax benefits taken or expected to be taken in a tax return and disclosures regarding uncertainties in income tax positions. The impact of an uncertain tax position that is more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by the relevant taxing authority must be recognized at the largest amount that is more likely than not to be sustained. No portion of an uncertain tax position will be recognized if the position has less
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than a 50% likelihood of being sustained. Interest expense is recognized on the full amount of deferred benefits for uncertain tax positions. While the validity of any tax position is a matter of tax law, the body of statutory, regulatory and interpretive guidance on the application of the law is complex and often ambiguous. We recognize interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits within the ‘Income tax expense (benefit)’ line in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. Accrued interest and penalties are included within the related tax liability line in the consolidated balance sheets.
We evaluate our ability to realize the tax benefits associated with deferred tax assets by analyzing our forecasted taxable income using both historical and projected future operating results, the reversal of existing temporary differences, taxable income in prior carry back years (if permitted) and the availability of tax planning strategies. A valuation allowance is required unless management determines that it is more likely than not that we will ultimately realize the tax benefit associated with a deferred tax asset. We determine on a regular basis the amount of undistributed earnings that will be indefinitely reinvested in our non-U.S. operations. This assessment is based on the cash flow projections and operational and fiscal objectives of each of our U.S. and foreign subsidiaries. Foreign withholding taxes have not been provided on cumulative undistributed foreign earnings of the non-U.S. subsidiaries as of December 31, 2021, which are considered to be indefinitely reinvested outside of the U.S.
See Note 13 — Income Taxes in the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements included in Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further information related to income taxes.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
See Note 2 — Recent Accounting Pronouncements in the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements included in Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for a description of recently adopted accounting pronouncements, and issued accounting pronouncements that we believe may have an impact on our consolidated financial statements when adopted.
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ITEM 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Interest Rate Risk
We centrally manage our debt and investment portfolios considering investment opportunities and risks, tax consequences, and overall financing strategies. Our exposure to market risk includes interest rate fluctuations in connection with our Revolving Facility and certain financial instruments.
Borrowings under our Revolving Facility bear interest at a variable rate based on a domestic base rate or a LIBOR rate, plus an applicable margin, and are therefore subject to risk based upon prevailing market interest rates. Interest rates fluctuate as a result of many factors, including governmental monetary and tax policies, domestic and international economic and political considerations, and other factors that are beyond our control. See the risk factor under “Financial and Accounting Risk — Changes in the method for determining the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) and/or the replacement of LIBOR could adversely affect our results of operations” included in Part I - Item 1A. Risk Factors of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further information on risks related to our interest rate.
As of December 31, 2021, we had long-term borrowings with a face value of $785.0 million, comprised of $85.0 million of borrowings under the Revolving Facility, the Notes, which carry a fixed rate, and $0.3 million in outstanding letters of credit under our Revolving Facility.
A hypothetical increase of 1% in the interest rate on these variable rate borrowings would have increased interest expense by $0.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2021.
Foreign Currency Exchange Risk
Changes in exchange rates have a direct effect on our reported USD consolidated financial statements because we translate the operating results and financial position of our international subsidiaries to USD using current period exchange rates. Specifically, we translate the statements of operations of our foreign subsidiaries into the USD reporting currency using exchange rates in effect during each reporting period. As a result, comparisons of reported results between reporting periods may be impacted significantly due to differences in the exchange rates in effect at the time such exchange rates are used to translate the operating results of our international subsidiaries.
An increase of 1% of the value of the USD relative to foreign currencies would have decreased our revenues and income before taxes during the year ended December 31, 2021 by approximately $7.8 million and $1.4 million, respectively. The volatility of the exchange rates is dependent on many factors that cannot be forecasted with reliable accuracy.
We enter into forward foreign exchange contracts to buy or sell various foreign currencies to selectively protect against volatility in the value of non-functional currency denominated monetary assets and liabilities. Changes in the fair value of these forward contracts are recognized in earnings in the period that the changes occur. As of December 31, 2021, the USD notional value of our outstanding foreign currency forward exchange contracts was approximately $147.7 million. The net fair value of these contracts at December 31, 2021 was a liability of $0.2 million. See Part I - Item 1A. Risk Factors of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for a discussion of risks to our business and financial results associated with foreign currencies.
We perform a sensitivity analysis to determine the effects that market risk exposures may have on the fair values of our foreign currency forward exchange contracts. To perform the sensitivity analysis, we assess the risk of changes in fair values from the effect of hypothetical changes in foreign currency exchange rates. This analysis assumes a like movement by the foreign currencies in our hedge portfolio against the U.S. Dollar. As of December 31, 2021, a 10% appreciation in the value of the USD would result in a net decrease in the fair value of our derivative portfolio of approximately $0.9 million.
See Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for a discussion of the impact of the change in foreign exchange rates on our USD consolidated statement of operations for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020.
47
ITEM 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
The consolidated financial statements and supplementary data are as set forth in the index to consolidated financial statements on page F-1.
ITEM 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
None.
ITEM 9A. Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we conducted an evaluation (pursuant to Rule 13a-15(b) of the Exchange Act) of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined under Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act). Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of December 31, 2021, to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in our reports under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Management necessarily applies its judgment in assessing the costs and benefits of such controls and procedures that, by their nature, can only provide reasonable assurance regarding management’s control objectives.
Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f). Our internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of the inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become ineffective due to changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. Our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, with assistance from other members of management, assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2021, based on the framework and criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on its evaluation, management has concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2021.
Our independent registered public accounting firm has audited the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2021, as stated in their report, which appears herein.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a through 15(f) and 15(d) through 15(f) under the Exchange Act) that occurred during the three months ended December 31, 2021, that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
48
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the stockholders and the Board of Directors of Crocs, Inc.
Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of Crocs, Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2021, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2021, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013) issued by COSO.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2021, of the Company and our report dated February 16, 2022, expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements.
Basis for Opinion
The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP
Denver, Colorado
February 16, 2022
49
ITEM 9B. Other Information
None.
ITEM 9C. Disclosures Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspection
None.
50
PART III
ITEM 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference to our definitive proxy statement for the 2022 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the SEC within 120 days after December 31, 2021.
Code of Ethics
We have a written code of ethics in place that applies to all our employees, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer. A copy of our code of ethics is available on our website: www.crocs.com. We are required to disclose certain changes to, or waivers from, that code for our senior financial officers. We intend to use our website as a method of disseminating any change to, or waiver from, our code of ethics as permitted by applicable SEC rules.
ITEM 11. Executive Compensation
The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference to our definitive proxy statement for the 2022 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the SEC within 120 days after December 31, 2021.
ITEM 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters
The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference to our definitive proxy statement for the 2022 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the SEC within 120 days after December 31, 2021, with the exception of those items listed below.
Securities Authorized for Issuance under Equity Compensation Plans
As shown in the table below, we reserved 1.6 million shares of common stock for future issuance pursuant to exercise of outstanding awards under equity compensation plans as of December 31, 2021.
| Plan Category | Number of Securities to be Issued on Exercise of Outstanding Options, Warrants, and Rights (1) | Weighted Average Exercise Price of Outstanding Options, Warrants, and Rights (2) | Number of Securities Remaining Available for Future Issuance Under Plans, Excluding Securities Available in First Column | ||||||||||||||
Equity compensation plans approved by stockholders (3) | 1,573,233 | $ | 7.78 | 4,323,301 | |||||||||||||
Equity compensation plans not approved by stockholders | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||
| Total | 1,573,233 | $ | 7.78 | 4,323,301 | |||||||||||||
(1) The number of shares outstanding includes restricted stock awards and restricted stock units that were outstanding on December 31, 2021 and assumes target performance for performance-based equity awards.
(2) The weighted average exercise price of outstanding options pertains to 0.2 million shares issuable on the exercise of outstanding options.
(3) On June 10, 2020, our stockholders approved the Crocs, Inc. 2020 Equity Incentive Plan (the “Plan”). The number of shares of our common stock available for issuance under the Plan consisted of (i) 3.8 million newly available shares, (ii) 1.4 million shares of our common stock available for issuance under the 2015 Plan as of June 10, 2020, and (iii) 2015 Plan shares associated with outstanding options or awards that are canceled or forfeited after June 10, 2020. The number of shares authorized for issuance under the Plan is subject to adjustment for future stock splits, stock dividends and similar changes in our capitalization. The Plan became effective immediately upon stockholder approval.
ITEM 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions and Director Independence
The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference to our definitive proxy statement for the 2022 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the SEC within 120 days after December 31, 2021.
51
ITEM 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services
The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference to our definitive proxy statement for the 2022 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the SEC within 120 days after December 31, 2021.
52
PART IV
ITEM 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedule
(1) Financial Statements
The financial statements filed as part of this report are listed on the index to the consolidated financial statements on page F-1.
(2) Financial Statement Schedule
The following consolidated financial statement schedule of Crocs, Inc. and its subsidiaries is filed as a part of this report:
•Schedule II - Valuation and Qualifying Accounts.
Schedules other than the one listed above are omitted either because they are not required or are inapplicable, or because the information is included in the consolidated financial statements or related notes.
53
(3) Exhibit list
54
| Exhibit Number | Description | |||||||
| 10.6 | Second Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated November 13, 2020, by and among Crocs, Inc., Crocs Retail, LLC, Jibbitz, LLC, Colorado Footwear C.V., Crocs Europe B.V., the lenders named therein, PNC Capital Markets LLC, as sole bookrunner, cosyndication agent and joint lead arranger, Citibank, N.A., Bank of America, N.A. and KeyBank National Association, each as joint lead arranger and co-syndication agent, and PNC Bank, National Association, as a lender and administrative agent (incorporated by reference herein to Exhibit 10.12 to Crocs, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed February 23, 2021). | |||||||
| 10.7 | † | |||||||
| 10.8 | * | |||||||
| 10.9 | * | |||||||
| 10.10 | * | |||||||
| 10.11 | * | |||||||
| 10.12 | * | |||||||
| 10.13 | * | |||||||
| 10.14 | * | |||||||
| 10.15 | * | |||||||
| 21 | † | |||||||
| 23.1 | † | |||||||
| 31.1 | † | |||||||
| 31.2 | † | |||||||
| 32 | + | |||||||
| 101.INS | † | XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document. | ||||||
| 101.SCH | † | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document | ||||||
55
| Exhibit Number | Description | |||||||
| 101.CAL | † | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document | ||||||
| 101.DEF | † | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document | ||||||
| 101.LAB | † | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document | ||||||
| 101.PRE | † | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document | ||||||
| 104 | Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document and contained in Exhibit 101). | |||||||
* Compensatory plan or arrangement.
# Certain exhibits and schedules have been omitted pursuant to Item 601(b)(2) of Regulation S-K. The Company agrees to furnish supplementally to the Securities and Exchange Commission a copy of any omitted exhibits or schedules upon request; provided that the Company may request confidential treatment pursuant to Rule 24b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
† Filed herewith.
+ Furnished herewith.
56
Item 16. Form 10–K Summary.
None.
57
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, as of February 16, 2022.
| CROCS, INC. a Delaware Corporation | |||||||||||
| By: | /s/ ANDREW REES | ||||||||||
| Name: | Andrew Rees | ||||||||||
| Title: | Chief Executive Officer | ||||||||||
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
| Signature | Title | Date | ||||||||||||
| /s/ ANDREW REES | Chief Executive Officer and Director (Principal Executive Officer) | February 16, 2022 | ||||||||||||
| Andrew Rees | ||||||||||||||
| /s/ ANNE MEHLMAN | Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) | February 16, 2022 | ||||||||||||
| Anne Mehlman | ||||||||||||||
| /s/ THOMAS J. SMACH | Chairman of the Board | February 16, 2022 | ||||||||||||
| Thomas J. Smach | ||||||||||||||
| /s/ IAN M. BICKLEY | Director | February 16, 2022 | ||||||||||||
| Ian M. Bickley | ||||||||||||||
| /s/ RONALD L. FRASCH | Director | February 16, 2022 | ||||||||||||
| Ronald L. Frasch | ||||||||||||||
| /s/ TRACY GARDNER | Director | February 16, 2022 | ||||||||||||
| Tracy Gardner | ||||||||||||||
| /s/ CHARISSE FORD HUGHES | Director | February 16, 2022 | ||||||||||||
| Charisse Ford Hughes | ||||||||||||||
| /s/ BETH J. KAPLAN | Director | February 16, 2022 | ||||||||||||
| Beth J. Kaplan | ||||||||||||||
| /s/ DOUGLAS J. TREFF | Director | February 16, 2022 | ||||||||||||
| Douglas J. Treff | ||||||||||||||
58
INDEX TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
| Financial Statements: | |||||
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PCAOB ID No. | |||||
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Years Ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019 | |||||
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the Years Ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019 | |||||
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2021 and 2020 | |||||
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the Years Ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019 | |||||
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019 | |||||
| Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements | |||||
| Schedule II: Valuation and Qualifying Accounts | |||||
F- 1
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the stockholders and the Board of Directors of Crocs, Inc.
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Crocs, Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, stockholders' equity, and cash flows, for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2021, and the related notes and the schedule listed in the Index at Item 15 (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2021, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2021, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated February 16, 2022, expressed an unqualified opinion on the Company's internal control over financial reporting.
Basis for Opinion
These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company's financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Critical Audit Matter
The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current-period audit of the consolidated financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.
Income Taxes —Evaluation of the Deferred Tax Asset resulting from Intra-entity Intellectual Property Transactions — Refer to Note 13 to the consolidated financial statements
Critical Audit Matter Description
The Company recognizes deferred income taxes for tax attributes and for differences between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities at enacted statutory tax rates in effect for the years in which the deferred tax liability or asset is expected to be settled or realized. In 2020, the Company completed a series of transactions resulting in changes to their international legal structure, including the sale of certain intellectual property (“IP”) rights between wholly-owned subsidiaries to the Netherlands. The sale entitles the Netherlands entity to profits resulting from the IP and created an amortizable step-up in tax basis of the intangible asset and a corresponding increase in foreign deferred tax assets based on the fair value of the IP. The related net deferred tax asset is $449.9 million as of December 31, 2021.
F- 2
In order to support and sustain the amortizable tax basis (and associated deferred tax asset), the Company must demonstrate economic ownership, including the appropriate authority and expertise to manage the IP owned and serviced in the Netherlands. The determination of economic substance is a judgment that has to be evaluated by management on a continual basis requiring understanding and expertise of tax laws of each associated tax jurisdiction. In 2021, the Company undertook many activities to align the business operations that support the economic substance of the IP in the Netherlands.
We identified management’s evaluation of the economic substance necessary to support the ownership and service of the IP and the corresponding deferred tax asset related to this IP as a critical audit matter because of the significant judgments and interpretations of tax laws that were made by management.
We utilized a high degree of auditor judgment and an increased extent of effort, including the need to involve our income tax specialists with the appropriate skills and knowledge, when performing audit procedures to evaluate whether management’s judgments in interpreting and applying tax laws were appropriate in determining the substance of the deferred tax asset as of December 31, 2021.
How the Critical Audit Matter Was Addressed in the Audit
Our audit procedures related to the Company’s evaluation of the deferred tax asset resulting from the intra-entity IP transfer included the following, among others:
•We tested the effectiveness of management’s controls over the determination of the economic substance of the IP.
•We evaluated the activities undertaken by the Company to support the economic substance, including determination of the functions performed and the considerations necessary to service the IP.
•With the assistance of our tax specialists, we evaluated the economic substance of the deferred tax asset. Our procedures included the following, among others:
–Obtained the Company’s supporting documentation to assess the technical tax merits applicable to the Netherlands and international transfer pricing standards and evaluated the application of these relevant tax laws in the Company’s recognition determination.
–Evaluated the economic substance of the Company’s deferred tax asset using our knowledge of international, domestic, and local income tax laws, as well as settlement activity from the relevant income tax authorities.
/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP
February 16, 2022
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2005.
F- 3
CROCS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(in thousands, except per share data)
| Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | |||||||||||||||
Revenues | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
Cost of sales | |||||||||||||||||
Gross profit | |||||||||||||||||
Selling, general and administrative expenses | |||||||||||||||||
Asset impairments | |||||||||||||||||
Income from operations | |||||||||||||||||
Foreign currency losses, net | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||
Interest income | |||||||||||||||||
Interest expense | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||
Other income, net | |||||||||||||||||
Income before income taxes | |||||||||||||||||
Income tax benefit | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||
Net income | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
Net income per common share: | |||||||||||||||||
Basic | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
Diluted | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
Weighted average common shares outstanding: | |||||||||||||||||
Basic | |||||||||||||||||
Diluted | |||||||||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F- 4
CROCS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(in thousands)
| Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | |||||||||||||||
Net income | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income: | |||||||||||||||||
Foreign currency gains (losses), net | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||
Reclassification of foreign currency translation loss to income (1) | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||
Total comprehensive income | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
(1) Represents the reclassification of cumulative foreign currency translation adjustment upon liquidation of foreign subsidiaries during the year ended December 31, 2020, and upon closure of manufacturing operations during the year ended December 31, 2019, both of which are presented within ‘Selling, general and administrative expenses’ in the consolidated statements of operations.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F- 5
CROCS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except share and par value amounts)
| December 31, | |||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | ||||||||||
ASSETS | |||||||||||
Current assets: | |||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | $ | |||||||||
Restricted cash — current | |||||||||||
Accounts receivable, net of allowances of $ | |||||||||||
Inventories | |||||||||||
Income taxes receivable | |||||||||||
Other receivables | |||||||||||
Prepaid expenses and other assets | |||||||||||
Total current assets | |||||||||||
Property and equipment, net | |||||||||||
Intangible assets, net | |||||||||||
Goodwill | |||||||||||
Deferred tax assets, net | |||||||||||
Restricted cash | |||||||||||
Right-of-use assets | |||||||||||
Other assets | |||||||||||
Total assets | $ | $ | |||||||||
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | |||||||||||
Current liabilities: | |||||||||||
Accounts payable | $ | $ | |||||||||
Accrued expenses and other liabilities | |||||||||||
Income taxes payable | |||||||||||
Current operating lease liabilities | |||||||||||
Total current liabilities | |||||||||||
Long-term income taxes payable | |||||||||||
Long-term borrowings | |||||||||||
Long-term operating lease liabilities | |||||||||||
Other liabilities | |||||||||||
Total liabilities | |||||||||||
| Commitments and contingencies | |||||||||||
Stockholders’ equity: | |||||||||||
Common stock, par value $ | |||||||||||
Treasury stock, at cost, | ( | ( | |||||||||
Additional paid-in capital | |||||||||||
Retained earnings | |||||||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | ( | ( | |||||||||
Total stockholders’ equity | |||||||||||
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | $ | $ | |||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F- 6
CROCS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(in thousands)
| Common Stock | Treasury Stock | Additional Paid-in Capital | Retained Earnings | Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) | Total Stock-holders' Equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2018 | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| — | — | — | — | — | ( | — | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share-based compensation | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Exercises of stock options and issuance of restricted stock awards | ( | — | — | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Repurchases of common stock | ( | ( | — | — | — | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive loss | — | — | — | — | — | — | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2019 | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share-based compensation | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Exercises of stock options and issuance of restricted stock awards | ( | — | — | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Repurchases of common stock | ( | ( | ( | — | — | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2020 | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share-based compensation | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Exercises of stock options and issuance of restricted stock awards | ( | — | — | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Repurchases of common stock | ( | — | ( | ( | — | — | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive loss | — | — | — | — | — | — | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2021 | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(1) The decrease to beginning retained earnings is as a result of the prior year adoption of new lease accounting standards as of January 1, 2019.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F- 7
CROCS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)
| Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | |||||||||||||||
Cash flows from operating activities: | |||||||||||||||||
Net income | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | |||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | |||||||||||||||||
Operating lease cost | |||||||||||||||||
| Inventory donations | |||||||||||||||||
Provision (recovery) for doubtful accounts, net | ( | ||||||||||||||||
Share-based compensation | |||||||||||||||||
Asset impairments | |||||||||||||||||
Deferred taxes | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||
Other non-cash items | ( | ||||||||||||||||
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | |||||||||||||||||
Accounts receivable, net of allowances | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||
Inventories | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||
Prepaid expenses and other assets | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||
Accounts payable | |||||||||||||||||
Accrued expenses and other liabilities | |||||||||||||||||
Right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||
Income taxes | |||||||||||||||||
Cash provided by operating activities | |||||||||||||||||
Cash flows from investing activities: | |||||||||||||||||
Purchases of property, equipment, and software | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||
Proceeds from disposal of property and equipment | |||||||||||||||||
Other | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||
Cash used in investing activities | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||
Cash flows from financing activities: | |||||||||||||||||
| Proceeds from notes issuance | |||||||||||||||||
Proceeds from bank borrowings | |||||||||||||||||
Repayments of bank borrowings | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||
Deferred debt issuance costs | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||
Dividends — Series A convertible preferred stock (1) | ( | ||||||||||||||||
Repurchases of common stock | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||
Repurchases of common stock for tax withholding | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||
Other | ( | ||||||||||||||||
Cash used in financing activities | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||
Net change in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash | ( | ||||||||||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash — beginning of year | |||||||||||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash — end of year | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Cash paid for interest | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Cash paid for income taxes | |||||||||||||||||
| Accrued purchases of property, equipment, and software | |||||||||||||||||
(1) Represents $3.0 million paid to induce conversion of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock to common stock during the year ended December 31, 2019.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F- 8
CROCS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Unless otherwise noted in this report, any description of the “Company,” “Crocs,” “we,” “us,” or “our” includes Crocs, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries within our reportable operating segments and corporate operations. We are engaged in the design, development, worldwide marketing, distribution, and sale of casual lifestyle footwear and accessories for women, men, and children. We strive to be the global leader in the sale of molded footwear characterized by functionality, comfort, color, and lightweight design. Our reportable operating segments include: the Americas, operating in North and South America; Asia Pacific, operating throughout Asia, Australia, and New Zealand; and Europe, Middle East, and Africa (“EMEA”), operating throughout Europe, Russia, the Middle East, and Africa.
Basis of Presentation and Consolidation
Use of Estimates
Our consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. These accounting principles require us to make certain estimates, judgments, and assumptions. We believe that the estimates, judgments, and assumptions used to determine certain amounts that affect the financial statements are reasonable, based on information available at the time they are made. Management believes that the estimates, judgments, and assumptions made when accounting for items and matters such as, but not limited to, the allowance for doubtful accounts, customer rebates, sales returns, impairment assessments and charges, recoverability of long-lived assets, deferred tax assets, valuation allowances, uncertain tax positions, income tax expense, share-based compensation expense, the assessment of lower of cost or net realizable value on inventory, useful lives assigned to long-lived assets, and depreciation and amortization, are reasonable based on information available at the time they are made.
Additionally, we are periodically exposed to various contingencies in the ordinary course of conducting our business, including certain litigation, contractual disputes, employee relations matters, various tax or other governmental audits, and trademark and intellectual property matters and disputes. We record a liability for such contingencies to the extent that we conclude their occurrence is probable and the related losses are estimable. If it is reasonably possible that an unfavorable settlement of a contingency could exceed the established liability, we disclose the estimated impact on our liquidity, financial condition, and results of operations, if practicable. As the ultimate resolution of contingencies is inherently unpredictable, these assessments can involve a series of complex judgments about future events including, but not limited to, court rulings, negotiations between affected parties, and governmental actions. As a result, the accounting for loss contingencies relies heavily on management’s judgment in developing the related estimates and assumptions. See Note 17 — Legal Proceedings for additional information regarding our contingencies and legal proceedings.
The full impact of COVID-19 is unknown and cannot be reasonably estimated as of the reporting date. However, we have made appropriate accounting estimates based on the facts and circumstances available as of the reporting date.
To the extent there are differences between these estimates and actual results, our consolidated financial statements may be materially affected.
Reclassifications
We have reclassified certain amounts in Note 13 — Income Taxes and on the consolidated statements of cash flows to conform to current period presentation.
Transactions with Affiliates
In 2019, we received services from three affiliates of Blackstone Capital Partners VI L.P. (“Blackstone”). Blackstone and certain of its permitted transferees beneficially owned 6,899,027 shares of our common stock until Blackstone sold 6,864,545 shares of common stock held directly by Blackstone and its affiliates on November 4, 2019 in an underwritten public offering. The other 34,482 shares of common stock were held by Gregg S. Ribatt, our former Chief Executive Officer and former
F- 9
member of our Board of Directors, which Blackstone may have been deemed to beneficially own, and were sold by Mr. Ribatt in October 2019. We incurred expenses to Blackstone’s legal counsel of $0.3 million in relation to this transaction.
Certain Blackstone affiliates provide various services to us, including inventory count services, cybersecurity and consulting, and workforce management services. We incurred expenses for services from these affiliates of $2.2 million during the period of Blackstone’s beneficial ownership in 2019. Expenses related to these services are reported in ‘Selling, general and administrative expenses’ in the consolidated statements of operations.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents represent cash and short-term, highly-liquid investments with maturities of three months or less at the date of purchase. We report receivables from credit card companies, if expected to be received within five days, in cash and cash equivalents.
Restricted Cash
Restricted cash primarily consists of funds to secure certain retail store leases, certain customs requirements, and other contractual arrangements.
Accounts Receivable, Net
Accounts receivable are recorded at invoiced amounts, net of reserves and allowances. We reduce the carrying value for estimated uncollectible accounts based on a variety of factors including the length of time receivables are past due, economic trends and conditions affecting our customer base, and historical collection experience. Specific provisions are recorded for individual receivables when we become aware of a customer’s inability to meet its financial obligations. We write off accounts receivable to the reserves when they are deemed uncollectible or, in certain jurisdictions, when legally able to do so. See Schedule II in Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedule of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for more information.
Inventories
Inventories are comprised of finished goods, are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value, and recognized using the first-in-first-out method of inventory costing. We estimate the market value of inventory based on an analysis of historical sales trends of our individual product lines, the impact of market trends and economic conditions, and a forecast of future demand, giving consideration to the value of current orders in-house for future sales of inventory, as well as plans to sell discontinued or end-of-life inventory through our outlet stores, among other off-price channels. Estimates may differ from actual results due to the quantity, quality, and mix of products in inventory, consumer and retailer preferences, and market conditions. If the estimated market value is less than its carrying value, the carrying value is adjusted to the market value, and the difference is recorded in ‘Cost of sales’ in our consolidated statements of operations.
Reserves for the risk of physical loss of inventory are estimated based on historical experience and are adjusted based upon physical inventory counts, and they are recorded within ‘Cost of sales’ in our consolidated statements of operations.
Property and Equipment, Net
Property, equipment, furniture, and fixtures are stated at original cost, less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is provided using the straight-line method over the estimated useful asset lives. The useful lives are reviewed periodically and range from 2 10
F- 10
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, Net
We evaluate the carrying value of our goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment at the reporting unit level at least annually or when an interim triggering event has occurred indicating potential impairment. Our annual test is performed as of the last day of our fiscal fourth quarter. We continuously monitor the performance of our definite-lived intangible assets and evaluate for impairment when evidence exists that certain events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of these assets may not be recoverable. Significant judgments and assumptions are required in such impairment evaluations. Definite-lived intangible assets are stated at cost, less accumulated amortization. Amortization is recorded using the straight-line method over the estimated lives of the assets.
Direct costs of acquiring or developing internal-use computer software, including costs of employees, are capitalized and classified within intangible assets. Software maintenance and training costs are expensed in the period incurred. Initial costs associated with internally-developed-and-used software are expensed until it is determined that the project has reached the application development stage, after which subsequent additions, modifications, or upgrades are capitalized to the extent that they add functionality. Our capitalized software consists primarily of enterprise resource system software, warehouse management software, and point of sale software. Amortization for software is provided using the straight-line method over the estimated useful asset lives, which are reviewed periodically and range from 2 to 8 years. Amortization of capitalized software used in warehouse- and distribution-related activities is included in ‘Cost of sales’ in the consolidated statements of operations. Amortization related to corporate, non-product, and non-manufacturing assets, such as our global information systems, is included in ‘Selling, general, and administrative expenses’ in the consolidated statements of operations.
Amortization for patents, copyrights, and trademarks is provided using the straight-line method over the estimated useful asset lives, which are reviewed periodically and range from 7 to 25 years.
Leases
Our lease portfolio consists primarily of real estate assets, which includes retail, warehouse, distribution center, and office spaces, under operating leases expiring at various dates through 2033. Leases with an original term of twelve months or less are not reported in the consolidated balance sheets; expense for these short-term leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
Many leases include one or more options to renew, with renewal terms that, if exercised by us, may extend the lease term. The exercise of these renewal options is at our discretion. When assessing the likelihood of a renewal or termination, we consider the significance of leasehold improvements, availability of alternative locations, and the cost of relocation or replacement, among other considerations. The depreciable lives of leasehold improvements are the shorter of the useful lives of the improvements or the expected lease term. We determine the lease term for each lease based on the terms of each contract and factor in renewal and early termination options if such options are reasonably certain to be exercised.
Due to our centralized treasury function, we utilize a portfolio approach to discount our lease obligations. We assess the expected lease term at lease inception and discount the lease using a fully-secured annual incremental borrowing rate, adjusted for time value corresponding with the expected lease term.
Derivative Foreign Currency Contracts
We enter into forward foreign currency exchange contracts to mitigate the potential impact of foreign currency exchange rate risk. By policy, we do not enter into these contracts for trading purposes or speculation. The fair value of these contracts is reported either as an asset or liability in our consolidated balance sheets. Changes in the fair value of these contracts are recorded in ‘Foreign currency losses, net’ in our consolidated statements of operations. We did not designate any derivative instruments for hedge accounting during any of the periods presented. See Note 8 — Derivative Financial Instruments for further information.
F- 11
Other Comprehensive Income
Our foreign subsidiaries use their foreign currency as their functional currency. Functional currency assets and liabilities are translated into U.S. Dollars using exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date, and revenues and expenses are translated at average exchange rates during the period. Resulting translation gains and losses are reported in other comprehensive income (loss), until the substantial disposition of a subsidiary, at which time accumulated translation gains or losses are reclassified into net income.
Revenue Recognition
See Note 11 — Revenues for a summary of our revenue recognition policy.
Shipping and Handling Costs and Fees
Shipping and handling costs are expensed as incurred and are included in ‘Cost of sales’ in the consolidated statements of operations. Shipping and handling fees billed to customers are included in revenues.
Taxes Assessed by Governmental Authorities
Taxes assessed by governmental authorities that are directly imposed on a revenue transaction, including value added tax, are recorded on a net basis and are therefore excluded from revenues.
Cost of Sales
Our cost of sales includes costs incurred to design, produce, procure, and ship our footwear. These costs include our raw materials, both direct and indirect labor, shipping and handling including freight costs, utilities, maintenance costs, depreciation, packaging, and other warehouse and distribution overhead and costs.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
Selling, general and administrative expenses consist primarily of labor and outside services, rent expense, bad debt expense, legal costs, amortization of intangible assets, as well as certain depreciation costs related to corporate and non-product assets and share-based compensation. Selling, general and administrative expenses also include costs for our marketing and sales organizations, and other functions including finance, legal, human resources, and information technology.
Our selling, general and administrative expenses also include media advertising (television, radio, print, social, digital), tactical advertising (signs, banners, point-of-sale materials) and promotional costs. Advertising production costs are expensed when the advertising is first run. Advertising communication costs are expensed in the periods that the communications occur. Certain of our promotional expenses result from payments under endorsement contracts. Endorsement-related expenses are recognized as performance is received over the term of each endorsement agreement.
Total marketing expenses, inclusive of advertising, production, promotion, and agency expenses, including variable marketing expenses, were $172.7 million, $101.0 million, and $83.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively. Prepaid advertising and promotional endorsement expenses of $1.2 million and $2.0 million, were included in ‘Prepaid expenses and other assets’ in the consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
Research, Design, and Development Expenses
We continue to dedicate resources to product design and development based on opportunities we identify in the marketplace. We incurred expenses of $13.7 million, $10.2 million, and $11.8 million in research, design, and development activities for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively, which are expensed as incurred and are reported in ‘Selling, general and administrative expenses’ in the consolidated statements of operations.
F- 12
Share-Based Compensation
Stock Options
Stock options are granted with exercise prices equal to the fair market value of our common stock on the date of grant. We use the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to estimate the grant date fair value of stock options, which requires the use of assumptions, including the expected term of the option, expected volatility of our stock price, our expected dividend yield, and the risk-free interest rate, among others. These assumptions reflect our best estimates; however, they involve inherent uncertainties including market conditions and employee behavior that are generally outside of our control. We expense all share-based compensation awarded based on the grant date fair value of the awards using the straight-line method over the requisite service period, adjusted for forfeitures as they occur.
Restricted Stock Awards (“RSAs”) and Restricted Stock Units (“RSUs”)
We grant RSAs, service-condition RSUs, performance-condition RSUs, and market-condition RSUs. The grant date fair values of RSAs, service-condition RSUs, and performance-condition RSUs are based on the closing market price of our common stock on the grant date; the grant date fair value and derived service period of market-condition RSUs are estimated using a Monte Carlo simulation valuation model. Our service-condition RSUs vest based on continued service; our performance-condition RSUs vest based on achievement of multiple weighted performance goals, certification of performance achievement by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors, and continued service; and our market-condition RSUs vest based on the market price of our stock and continued service. Compensation expense, net of forfeitures, is recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. For performance-condition RSUs, compensation expense is updated for our expected performance level against performance goals at the end of each reporting period, which involves judgment as to the achievement of certain performance metrics.
See Note 12 — Share-Based Compensation for additional information related to share-based compensation.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
Long-lived assets to be held and used are evaluated for impairment when events or circumstances indicate the carrying value of a long-lived asset or asset group is less than the undiscounted cash flows from its use and eventual disposition over its remaining economic life. We assess recoverability by comparing the sum of projected undiscounted cash flows from the use and eventual disposition over the remaining economic life of a long-lived asset or asset group to its carrying value, and record a loss from impairment if the carrying value is more than its undiscounted cash flows. For assets involved in Crocs’ retail business, the asset group is at the retail store level. As retail store performance will vary in new and existing markets due to many factors, including maturity of the market and brand recognition, we periodically evaluate the fixed assets, leasehold improvements, and right-of-use assets related to our retail locations for impairment. Assets or asset groups to be abandoned are written down to zero in the period it is determined they will no longer be used and are removed entirely from service. See Note 3 — Property and Equipment, Net and Note 6 — Leases for a discussion of impairment losses recorded during the periods presented.
Other Income, Net
Other income, net primarily includes gains and losses associated with activities not directly related to making and selling footwear.
F- 13
Fair Value
U.S. GAAP for fair value establishes a hierarchy that prioritizes fair value measurements based on the types of inputs used for the various valuation techniques (market approach, income approach, and cost approach). We utilize a combination of market and income approaches to value derivative instruments. Our financial assets and liabilities are measured using inputs from the three levels of the fair value hierarchy. The three levels of the hierarchy and the related inputs are as follows:
| Level | Inputs | ||||||||||||||||
| 1 | Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities. | ||||||||||||||||
| 2 | Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for similar assets and liabilities; | ||||||||||||||||
| Unadjusted quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active; or | |||||||||||||||||
| Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability. | |||||||||||||||||
| 3 | Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability. | ||||||||||||||||
We categorize fair value measurements within the fair value hierarchy based upon the lowest level of the most significant inputs used to determine fair value.
Our non-financial assets, which primarily consist of property and equipment, goodwill, and other intangible assets, are not required to be carried at fair value on a recurring basis and are reported at carrying value. However, on a periodic basis or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying value may not be fully recoverable (and at least annually for goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets), non-financial instruments are assessed for impairment and, if applicable, written down to and recorded at fair value. See Note 7 — Fair Value Measurements for further discussion related to estimated fair value measurements.
2. RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
New Accounting Pronouncement Adopted
Simplifying Accounting for Income Taxes
In December 2019, the FASB issued new guidance to simplify the accounting for income taxes by removing certain exceptions to the general principles and also simplification of areas such as franchise taxes, step-up in tax basis goodwill, separate entity financial statements, and interim recognition of enactment of tax laws or rate changes. On January 1, 2021, we adopted the guidance. The adoption did not have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements.
F- 14
New Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted
Reference Rate Reform
In March 2020, the FASB issued optional guidance related to reference rate reform, which provides practical expedients for contract modifications and certain hedging relationships associated with the transition from reference rates that are expected to be discontinued. This guidance is applicable for our revolving borrowing instruments, which use LIBOR as a reference rate, and is available for adoption effective immediately, but is only available through December 31, 2022. We are currently evaluating the potential impact of this standard on our consolidated financial statements.
Business Combinations
In October 2021, the FASB issued new guidance primarily related to the accounting for contract assets and contract liabilities from contracts with customers in a business combination. The standard will be effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 31, 2022, including interim reporting periods within those periods, with early adoption permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of adopting this new accounting guidance on our consolidated financial statements.
Other Pronouncements
Other new pronouncements issued but not effective until after December 31, 2021 are not expected to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
3. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET
‘Property and equipment, net’ consists of the following:
| December 31, | |||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | ||||||||||
| (in thousands) | |||||||||||
| Leasehold improvements | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Machinery and equipment | |||||||||||
| Furniture, fixtures, and other | |||||||||||
| Construction-in-progress | |||||||||||
| Property and equipment | |||||||||||
| Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Property and equipment, net | $ | $ | |||||||||
Asset Retirement Obligations
We are contractually obligated, under certain of our lease agreements, to restore certain retail and office facilities back to their original condition. At lease inception, the estimated fair value of these liabilities is recorded along with a related asset. Asset retirement obligations were not material to the consolidated balance sheets in the years ended December 31, 2021 or 2020.
Depreciation and Amortization Expense
Depreciation and amortization expense related to property and equipment, reported in ‘Cost of sales’ and ‘Selling, general and administrative expenses’ was:
| Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | |||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||
| Cost of sales | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative expenses | |||||||||||||||||
| Total depreciation and amortization expense | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
F- 15
Disposals of Property and Equipment and Intangible Assets
We recognized net gains on disposals of property and equipment and intangible assets of $0.3 million and $0.2 million, respectively, for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2019, and a net loss on disposals of property and equipment and intangible assets of $0.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2020, which are included in ‘Selling, general and administrative expenses’ in the consolidated statement of operations.
Additionally, we impaired our leasehold improvement assets for a retail location in the year ended December 31, 2020, as described in Note 7 — Fair Value Measurements.
4. GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET
Goodwill
In the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, there were no changes to our goodwill, which is in our EMEA segment, aside from immaterial changes related to foreign currency translation. At December 31, 2021, accumulated goodwill impairment was $0.8 million.
Intangible Assets, Net
‘Intangible assets, net’ reported in the consolidated balance sheets consist of the following:
| December 31, 2021 | December 31, 2020 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross | Accum. Amortiz. | Net | Gross | Accum. Amortiz. | Net | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Intangible assets subject to amortization: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Capitalized software | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Patents, copyrights, and trademarks | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Intangible assets not subject to amortization: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In progress | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Trademarks and other | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
At December 31, 2021, the weighted average remaining useful life of intangibles subject to amortization was approximately 5.9 years.
Amortization Expense
Amortization expense related to definite-lived intangible assets, reported in ‘Cost of sales’ and ‘Selling, general and administrative expenses’ was:
| Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | |||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||
| Cost of sales | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative expenses | |||||||||||||||||
| Total amortization expense | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
F- 16
As of December 31, 2021 | |||||
| (in thousands) | |||||
| 2022 | $ | ||||
| 2023 | |||||
| 2024 | |||||
| 2025 | |||||
| 2026 | |||||
| Thereafter | |||||
| Total | $ | ||||
5. ACCRUED EXPENSES AND OTHER LIABILITIES
Amounts reported in ‘Accrued expenses and other liabilities’ in the consolidated balance sheets were:
| December 31, | |||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | ||||||||||
| (in thousands) | |||||||||||
| Accrued compensation and benefits | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Professional services | |||||||||||
| Fulfillment, freight, and duties | |||||||||||
| Sales/use and value added taxes payable | |||||||||||
| Return liabilities | |||||||||||
| Accrued rent and occupancy | |||||||||||
| Royalties payable and deferred revenue | |||||||||||
| Other | |||||||||||
| Total accrued expenses and other liabilities | $ | $ | |||||||||
6. LEASES
As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, we received lease concessions from landlords in the form of rent abatements and rent deferrals in the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020. We chose to implement the policy election provided by the FASB in April 2020 to record rent concessions as if no modification to lease contracts were made, and thus no changes to the lease obligations were recorded in respect to these concessions. In the year ended December 31, 2021, we received $1.4 million of rent abatements, and we had an immaterial amount of outstanding deferred rent as of December 31, 2021. In the year ended December 31, 2020, we received rent abatements of $1.5 million, and we had outstanding deferred rent of $0.4 million as of December 31, 2020.
Right-of-Use Assets and Operating Lease Liabilities
Amounts reported in the consolidated balance sheets were:
| December 31, | |||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | ||||||||||
| (in thousands) | |||||||||||
| Assets: | |||||||||||
| Right-of-use assets | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Liabilities: | |||||||||||
| Current operating lease liabilities | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Long-term operating lease liabilities | |||||||||||
| Total operating lease liabilities | $ | $ | |||||||||
F- 17
Lease Costs and Other Information
Lease-related costs reported within ‘Cost of sales’ and ‘Selling, general and administrative expenses’ were:
| Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | ||||||||||
| (in thousands) | |||||||||||
| Operating lease cost | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Short-term lease cost | |||||||||||
| Variable lease cost | |||||||||||
| Total lease costs | $ | $ | |||||||||
Other information related to leases, including supplemental cash flow information, consists of:
| Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | ||||||||||
| (in thousands) | |||||||||||
| Cash paid for operating leases | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease liabilities | |||||||||||
The weighted average remaining lease term and discount rate related to our lease liabilities as of December 31, 2021 were 7.1 years and 3.8 %, respectively. As of December 31, 2020, the weighted average remaining lease term and discount rate related to our lease liabilities were 6.7 years and 4.4 %, respectively.
We also impaired our right-of-use assets for a retail location and our former corporate headquarters in the year ended December 31, 2020, as described in Note 7 — Fair Value Measurements.
Maturities
The maturities of our operating lease liabilities were:
As of December 31, 2021 | |||||
| (in thousands) | |||||
| 2022 | $ | ||||
| 2023 | |||||
| 2024 | |||||
| 2025 | |||||
| 2026 | |||||
| Thereafter | |||||
| Total future minimum lease payments | |||||
| Less: imputed interest | ( | ||||
| Total operating lease liabilities | $ | ||||
Leases That Have Not Yet Commenced
As of December 31, 2021, we had significant obligations for a lease not yet commenced related to the expansion of our Americas distribution center in Dayton, Ohio. The total contractual commitment related to the lease, with payments expected to begin in the first quarter of 2022 and continue through September 2032, is approximately $39 million. Additionally, as of December 31, 2021, we had significant obligations for a lease not yet commenced related to the upcoming move of our corporate headquarters within Broomfield, Colorado. The total contractual commitment related to this lease, with regular payments expected to begin in November 2023 and continue through September 2033, is approximately $44 million.
F- 18
7. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
Recurring Fair Value Measurements
The financial assets and liabilities that are measured and recorded at fair value on a recurring basis consist of our derivative instruments. Our derivative instruments are forward foreign currency exchange contracts. We manage credit risk of our derivative instruments on the basis of our net exposure with our counterparty. All of our derivative instruments are classified as Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy and are reported in the consolidated balance sheets within either ‘Prepaid expenses and other assets’ or ‘Accrued expenses and other liabilities’ at December 31, 2021 and 2020. The fair values of our derivative instruments were a liability of $0.2 million and a liability of $0.4 million at December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. See Note 8 — Derivative Financial Instruments for more information.
The carrying amounts of our cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and current accrued expenses and other liabilities approximate their fair value as recorded due to the short-term maturity of these instruments.
Our borrowing instruments are recorded at their carrying values in the consolidated balance sheets, which may differ from their respective fair values. During the year ended December 31, 2021, we completed the issuance and sale of $350.0 million aggregate principal amount of 2029 Notes (as defined below) and $350.0 million aggregate principal amount of 2031 Notes (as defined below), as described in more detail in Note 9 — Long-Term Borrowings. The Notes (as defined below) are classified as Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy and are reported in our consolidated balance sheet at face value, less unamortized issuance costs. The carrying and fair values of our revolving credit facilities approximate their carrying values at December 31, 2021 and 2020 based on interest rates currently available to us for similar borrowings. The carrying values and fair values of our borrowing instruments as of December 31, 2021 and 2020 were:
| December 31, 2021 | December 31, 2020 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Carrying Value | Fair Value | Carrying Value | Fair Value | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2029 Notes | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| 2031 Notes | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revolving credit facilities | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Inventory donations were immaterial 9.9 million at fair value within ‘Selling, general and administrative expenses’ in our consolidated statements of operations.
Non-Financial Assets and Liabilities
Our non-financial assets, which primarily consist of property and equipment, right-of-use assets, goodwill, and other intangible assets, are not required to be carried at fair value on a recurring basis and are reported at carrying value.
The fair values of these assets were determined based on Level 3 measurements, including estimates of the amount and timing of future cash flows based upon historical experience, expected market conditions, and management’s plans. We recorded impairments as follows:
| Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | |||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||
Retail store assets impairment (1) | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
Right-of-use assets impairment (1) | |||||||||||||||||
| Total asset impairments | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
(1) During the year ended December 31, 2020, we recognized impairments for a retail location in New York City of $2.4 million to retail store assets and $17.6 million to the right-of-use asset. We also recognized an impairment of $1.1 million to the right-of-use asset for our corporate headquarters in Niwot, Colorado, as a result of our relocation to Broomfield, Colorado.
F- 19
8. DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
We transact business in various foreign countries and are therefore exposed to foreign currency exchange rate risk that impacts the reported U.S. Dollar amounts of revenues, expenses, and certain foreign currency monetary assets and liabilities. In order to manage exposure to fluctuations in foreign currency and to reduce the volatility in earnings caused by fluctuations in foreign exchange rates, we may enter into forward contracts to buy and sell foreign currency. By policy, we do not enter into these contracts for trading purposes or speculation.
Counterparty default risk is considered low because the forward contracts we enter into are over-the-counter instruments transacted with highly-rated financial institutions. We were not required to and did not post collateral as of December 31, 2021 or 2020.
Results of Derivative Activities
The fair values of derivative assets and liabilities, net, all of which are classified as Level 2, are reported within either ‘Prepaid expenses and other assets’ or ‘Accrued expenses and other liabilities’ in the consolidated balance sheets and were:
| December 31, 2021 | December 31, 2020 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Derivative Assets | Derivative Liabilities | Derivative Assets | Derivative Liabilities | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Forward foreign currency exchange contracts | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||||
| Netting of counterparty contracts | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency forward contract derivatives | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||||
The notional amounts of outstanding forward foreign currency exchange contracts shown below report the total U.S. Dollar equivalent position and the net contract fair values for each foreign currency position.
| December 31, 2021 | December 31, 2020 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Notional | Fair Value | Notional | Fair Value | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Singapore Dollar | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||
| British Pound Sterling | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Euro | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| South Korean Won | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Japanese Yen | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Indian Rupee | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Other currencies | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||||
| Latest maturity date | January 2022 | January 2021 | |||||||||||||||||||||
F- 20
| Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | |||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||
Foreign currency transaction gains (losses) | $ | $ | $ | ( | |||||||||||||
Foreign currency forward exchange contracts losses | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||
Foreign currency losses, net | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||
9. LONG-TERM BORROWINGS
| Stated Interest Rate | Effective Interest Rate | December 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity | 2021 | 2020 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Notes issuance of $ | 2029 | % | % | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Notes issuance of $ | 2031 | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revolving credit facilities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total face value of long-term borrowings | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Less: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Unamortized issuance costs | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current portion of borrowings | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total long-term borrowings | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Senior Revolving Credit Facility
In July 2019, Crocs, Inc. and certain of its subsidiaries (the “Borrowers”) entered into a Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (as amended, the “Revolving Credit Agreement”), with the lenders named therein and PNC Bank, National Association, as a lender and administrative agent for the lenders, which provides for a revolving credit facility of $500.0 million, which can be increased by an additional $100.0 million subject to certain conditions (the “Revolving Facility”). Borrowings under the Revolving Credit Agreement bear interest at a variable rate based on (A) a domestic base rate (defined as the highest of (i) the Federal Funds open rate, plus 0.25 %, (ii) the Prime Rate, and (iii) the Daily LIBOR rate, plus 1.00 %), plus an applicable margin ranging from 0.25 % to 0.875 % based on our leverage ratio, or (B) a LIBOR rate, plus an applicable margin ranging from 1.25 % to 1.875 % based on our leverage ratio. Borrowings under the Revolving Credit Agreement are secured by all of the assets of the Borrowers and guaranteed by certain other subsidiaries of the Borrowers.
The Revolving Credit Agreement required us to maintain a minimum interest coverage ratio of 4.00 to 1.00 and a maximum leverage ratio of 3.50 to 1.00 from the quarter ended December 31, 2020 to the quarter ended December 31, 2021. Additionally, the Revolving Credit Agreement requires us to maintain a minimum interest coverage ratio of 4.00 to 1.00 and a maximum leverage ratio of 3.25 to 1.00 from the quarter ending March 31, 2022 and thereafter (subject to adjustment in certain circumstances). The Revolving Credit Agreement permits (i) stock repurchases subject to certain restrictions, including after giving effect to such stock repurchases, the maximum leverage ratio does not exceed certain levels; and (ii) certain acquisitions so long as there is borrowing availability under the Revolving Credit Agreement of at least $40.0 million. As of December 31, 2021, we were in compliance with all financial covenants under the Revolving Credit Agreement.
As of December 31, 2021, the total commitments available from the lenders under the Revolving Facility were $500.0 million. At December 31, 2021, we had $85.0 million in outstanding borrowings, which are due when the Revolving Facility matures in July 2024, and $0.3 million in outstanding letters of credit under the Revolving Facility, which reduces amounts available for borrowing under the Revolving Facility. As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, we had $414.7 million and $319.4 million, respectively, of available borrowing capacity under the Revolving Facility.
F- 21
Asia Revolving Credit Facilities
Our revolving credit facility with China Merchants Bank Company Limited, Shanghai Branch (the “CMBC Facility”), matured in May 2021 and provided up to 30.0 million RMB, or $4.7 million using current exchange rates as of May 2021. We renewed the CMBC Facility, effective January 2022. The CMBC Facility now provides a revolving credit facility of up to 10.0 million RMB, or $1.6 million at current exchange rates, and matures in January 2023. For RMB loans under the CMBC Facility, interest is determined at the time of borrowing based on variable rates in effect at that time.
The revolving credit facility with Citibank (China) Company Limited, Shanghai Branch (the “Citibank Facility”) provides up to an equivalent of $10.0 million. For RMB loans under the Citibank Facility, interest is based on a National Interbank Funding Center 1-year prime rate, plus 65 basis points. For USD loans under the Citibank Facility, interest is based on a LIBOR rate, plus 1.5 %.
We had no
Senior Notes Issuances
On March 12, 2021, the Company completed the issuance and sale of $350.0 million aggregate principal amount of 4.250 % Senior Notes due March 15, 2029 (the “2029 Notes”), pursuant to the indenture related thereto (“the March Indenture”). Additionally, on August 10, 2021, the Company completed the issuance and sale of $350.0 million aggregate principal amount of 4.125 % Senior Notes due August 15, 2031 (the “2031 Notes”), pursuant to the indenture related thereto (“the August Indenture” and, together with the March Indenture, the “Indentures”). Interest on each of the 2029 Notes and the 2031 Notes (collectively, the “Notes”) is payable semi-annually.
The Company will have the option to redeem all or any portion of the 2029 Notes, at once or over time, at any time on or after March 15, 2024, at a redemption price equal to 100 % of the principal amount thereof, plus a premium declining ratably on an annual basis to par and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the date of redemption. The Company will also have the option to redeem some or all of the 2029 Notes at any time before March 15, 2024 at a redemption price of 100 % of the principal amount to be redeemed, plus a “make-whole” premium and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the date of redemption. In addition, at any time before March 15, 2024, the Company may redeem up to 40 % of the aggregate principal amount of the 2029 Notes at a redemption price of 104.250 % of the principal amount with the proceeds from certain equity issuances, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the date of redemption.
The Company will have the option to redeem all or any portion of the 2031 Notes, at once or over time, at any time on or after August 15, 2026, at a redemption price equal to 100 % of the principal amount thereof, plus a premium declining ratably on an annual basis to par and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the date of redemption. The Company will also have the option to redeem some or all of the 2031 Notes at any time before August 15, 2026 at a redemption price of 100 % of the principal amount to be redeemed, plus a “make-whole” premium and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the date of redemption. In addition, at any time before August 15, 2024, the Company may redeem up to 40 % of the aggregate principal amount of the 2031 Notes at a redemption price of 104.125 % of the principal amount with the proceeds from certain equity issuances, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the date of redemption.
The Notes rank pari passu in right of payment with all of the Company’s existing and future senior debt, including the Revolving Credit Agreement, and are senior in right of payment to any of the Company’s future debt that is, by its term, expressly subordinated in right of payment to the Notes. The Notes are unconditionally guaranteed by each of the Company’s restricted subsidiaries that is a borrower or guarantor under the Revolving Credit Agreement and by each of the Company’s wholly-owned restricted subsidiaries that guarantees any debt of the Company or any guarantor under any syndicated credit facility or capital markets debt in an aggregate principal amount in excess of $25.0 million.
The Indentures contain covenants that, among other things, limit the ability of the Company and its restricted subsidiaries to incur additional debt or issue certain preferred stock; declare and pay dividends or repurchase or redeem capital stock or make other restricted payments; declare and pay dividends or other payments; incur liens; enter into certain types of transactions with the Company’s affiliates; and consolidate or merge with or into other companies. As of December 31, 2021, we were in compliance with all financial covenants under the Indentures.
F- 22
10. EQUITY
Common Stock
We have one class of common stock with a par value of $0.001 per share. There are 250.0 million shares of common stock authorized for issuance. Holders of common stock are entitled to one vote per share on all matters presented to common stockholders.
Common Stock Repurchase Program
On February 20, 2018, the Board of Directors approved and authorized a program to repurchase up to $500.0 million of our common stock. On May 5, 2019, the Board approved an increase to the repurchase authorization of an additional $500.0 million of our common stock. On April 23, 2021, the Board approved a $712.2 million increase to our share repurchase authorization. Additionally, on September 23, 2021, the Board approved an increase of $1,000.0 million to our share repurchase authorization. The number, price, structure, and timing of the repurchases are at our sole discretion and may be made depending on market conditions, liquidity needs, restrictions under the agreements governing our indebtedness, and other factors. The Board of Directors may suspend, modify, or terminate the program at any time without prior notice. Share repurchases may be made in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions. The repurchase authorization does not have an expiration date and does not obligate us to acquire any amount of our common stock. Under Delaware state law, these shares are not retired, and we have the right to resell any of the shares repurchased.
We repurchased 8.2 million shares of our common stock at a cost of $1,000.0 million, including commissions, during the year ended December 31, 2021. This includes 3.2 million shares delivered under the $500.0 million accelerated share repurchase arrangement (“ASR”) entered into in September 2021, 2.9 million shares delivered under the $300.0 million ASR entered into in April 2021, and 0.5 million shares delivered in January 2021 at the conclusion of the purchase period for the ASR entered into in November 2020. Under each ASR, a financial institution delivered shares of our common stock during the purchase period in exchange for an up-front payment. The total number of shares ultimately delivered under the ASR, and therefore the average repurchase price paid per share, was determined based on the volume-weighted average price of our common stock during the purchase period. The shares received were recorded in the period they were delivered, and the up-front payment was accounted for as a reduction to stockholders’ equity in our consolidated balance sheet in the period the payment was made. As of December 31, 2021, we had remaining authorization to repurchase approximately $1,050.0 million of our common stock, subject to restrictions under the agreements governing our indebtedness.
During the year ended December 31, 2020, we repurchased 3.2 million shares of our common stock at a cost of $170.8 million, including commissions. This included 1.5 million shares delivered under a $125.0 million November 2020 ASR. During the year ended December 31, 2019, we repurchased 6.1 million shares of our common stock at a cost of $147.2 million, including commissions.
Preferred Stock
We have authorized and available for issuance 5.0 million shares of preferred stock. Of these preferred shares, 1.0 million were authorized as Series A Convertible Preferred Stock with a par value of $0.001 per share and none
11. REVENUES
Revenues by reportable operating segment and by channel were:
Year Ended December 31, 2021 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Americas | Asia Pacific | EMEA | Other Businesses | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Channel: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Wholesale | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Direct-to-consumer (1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenues | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
F- 23
Year Ended December 31, 2020 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Americas | Asia Pacific | EMEA | Other Businesses | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Channel: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Wholesale | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Direct-to-consumer (1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenues | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Year Ended December 31, 2019 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Americas | Asia Pacific | EMEA | Other Businesses | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Channel: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Wholesale | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Direct-to-consumer (1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenues | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
(1) Direct-to-consumer revenues consist of sales generated through our company-operated retail stores (previously our “Retail” channel) and company-operated e-commerce websites and third-party e-commerce marketplaces (previously our “E-commerce” channel).
Revenues are recognized in the amount expected to be received in exchange for when control of the products transfers to customers and excludes various forms of promotions, which range from contractually-fixed percentage price reductions to sales returns, discounts, rebates, and other incentives that may vary in amount, must be estimated, and are reported as a reduction in revenues. Variable amounts are estimated based on an analysis of historical experience and adjusted as better estimates become available. During the year ended December 31, 2021, we recognized no changes to estimates for wholesale or direct-to-consumer revenues. During the year ended December 31, 2020, we recognized a net increase of $0.6 million to wholesale revenues and an increase of $1.1 million to direct-to-consumer revenues due to changes in estimates related to products transferred to customers in prior periods. During the year ended December 31, 2019, we recognized a net increase of $0.4 million to wholesale revenues and a decrease of $0.1 million to direct-to-consumer revenues due to changes in estimates related to products transferred to customers in prior periods.
We have also elected to expense incremental costs to obtain customer contracts, consisting primarily of commission incentives, when incurred because the related amortization period is short-term. These costs are reported within ‘Selling, general and administrative expenses’ in our consolidated statement of operations.
The following is a description of our principal revenue-generating activities by distribution channel. We have three reportable operating segments and sell our products using two primary distribution channels. For more detailed information about reportable operating segments, see Note 16 — Operating Segments and Geographic Information.
Wholesale Channel
For the majority of wholesale customers, control transfers and revenues are recognized when the product is shipped or delivered from a manufacturing facility or distribution center to the wholesale customer. In certain cases, control of the product transfers and revenues are recognized when the customer receives the product at the designated delivery point. For certain customers, primarily in the Asia Pacific region, cash payment is required in advance of delivery and revenues are recognized upon the transfer of control to the customer. For a small number of customers in the Asia Pacific region, products are sold on consignment and revenues are recognized on a sell-through basis.
We have arrangements that grant certain wholesale customers exclusive licenses, concurrent with the terms of the related distribution agreements, to use our intellectual property in exchange for a sales-based royalty. Sales-based royalty revenues are recognized over the terms of the related license agreements as sales are made by the wholesalers.
Direct-to-Consumer Channel
Direct-to-consumer revenues consist of sales generated through our company-operated retail stores (previously our “Retail” channel) and company-operated e-commerce websites and third-party e-commerce marketplaces (previously our “E-commerce”
F- 24
channel). We transfer control of products and recognize revenues at company-operated retail stores at the point of sale, in exchange for cash or other payment. For sales made through company-operated e-commerce websites and third-party e-commerce marketplaces, we transfer control and recognize revenues when the product is shipped from the distribution centers, the point at which payment, primarily through debit and credit card and other e-payment methods, is made. A portion of the transaction price charged to our customers is variable, primarily due to promotional discounts or allowances. When recognizing revenues, the amount of revenues associated with expected sales returns is estimated based on historical experience, and adjustments to our estimates are made when the most likely amount of consideration we expect to receive changes.
Contract Liabilities
Contract liabilities consist of advance cash deposits received from wholesale customers to secure product orders in connection with selling seasons and payments received in advance of delivery. As products are shipped and control transfers, we recognize the deferred revenue in ‘Revenues’ in the consolidated statements of operations. At December 31, 2021 and 2020, $0.1 million and $0.7 million, respectively, of deferred revenues associated with advance customer deposits were reported in ‘Accrued expenses and other liabilities’ in the consolidated balance sheets.
Refund Liabilities
Refund liabilities, primarily associated with product sales returns, retrospective volume rebates, and early payment discounts are estimated based on an analysis of historical experience, and adjustments to revenues made when the most likely amount of consideration expected changes. At December 31, 2021 and 2020, $10.3 million and $6.9 million, respectively, of refund liabilities, primarily associated with product returns, were reported in ‘Accrued expenses and other liabilities’ in the consolidated balance sheets.
12. SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION
Our share-based compensation awards are issued under the 2020 Equity Incentive Plan (“2020 Plan”) and predecessor plan, the 2015 Equity Incentive Plan (“2015 Plan”). Any awards that expire or are forfeited under the 2015 Plan become available for issuance under the 2020 Plan. We account for forfeitures as they occur when calculating share-based compensation expense. The aforementioned plans provide for the issuance of previously unissued common stock in connection with the exercise of stock options and conversion of other share-based awards. As of December 31, 2021, 4.3 million shares of common stock remained available for future issuance under all plans, subject to adjustment for future stock splits, stock dividends, and similar changes in capitalization.
Share-Based Compensation Expense
Pre-tax share-based compensation expense reported in the consolidated statements of operations was:
| Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | |||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||
| Cost of sales | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative expenses | |||||||||||||||||
| Total share-based compensation expense | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
F- 25
Stock Option Activity
Stock option activity during the year ended December 31, 2021 was:
| Number of Options | Weighted Average Exercise Price | Weighted Average Contractual Life (Years) | Aggregate Intrinsic Value | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands, except exercise price and years) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Outstanding as of December 31, 2020 | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Granted | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Exercised | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Forfeited or expired | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Outstanding as of December 31, 2021 | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
Exercisable at December 31, 2021 | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
Vested at December 31, 2021 | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
Stock options under our equity incentive plans generally vest ratably over four years with the first vesting occurring one year from the date of grant, followed by monthly vesting for the remaining three years , and expire ten years after the date of grant.
Restricted Stock Awards and Restricted Stock Units Activity
From time to time, we grant RSAs and RSUs. RSAs and RSUs generally vest over three years , depending on the terms of the grant. Holders of unvested RSAs have the same rights as those of common stockholders including voting rights and non-forfeitable dividend rights. However, ownership of unvested RSAs cannot be transferred until vested. Holders of unvested RSUs have a contractual right to receive shares of common stock upon vesting. RSUs have dividend equivalent rights, which accrue over the term of the award and are paid if and when the RSUs vest, but RSU holders have no voting rights. We grant service-condition RSUs, performance-condition RSUs, and market-condition RSUs.
Service-condition RSUs are typically granted on an annual basis and vest over time in three equal annual installments, beginning one year after the grant date. During the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, we granted 0.2 million, 0.6 million, and 0.3 million service-condition RSUs, respectively.
Performance-condition RSUs are typically granted on an annual basis and consist of a performance-based and service-based component. The performance targets and vesting conditions for performance-condition RSUs are based on achievement of multiple weighted performance goals. The number of performance-condition RSUs ultimately awarded may be between 0 % and 200 %, based on performance. These RSUs vest in three equal annual installments beginning one year after the grant date, pending certification of performance achievement by the Compensation Committee of our Board of Directors and continued service. The fair value of performance-condition awards is based on the closing market price of our common stock on the grant date. Compensation expense, net of forfeitures, is updated for our probable expected performance level against performance goals at the end of each reporting period.
We also periodically grant market-condition RSUs to certain executives. The grant date fair value and derived service period for market-condition RSUs are estimated using a Monte Carlo simulation model. On January 11, 2021, our Board awarded 0.4 million market-condition RSUs to certain senior executives (“January market-condition RSUs”). For the executives to earn the target number of shares, the 30 trading day average of the daily volume weighted average trading price of the common stock must meet or exceed certain performance hurdles. Any earned shares will also be subject to time vesting. When a performance hurdle is met or exceeded, one third of the earned portion of the RSUs will vest immediately, and the remaining two thirds will be subject to the executive’s continued employment, with one third vesting one year later and the remaining one third vesting two years later, but in no case later than the fourth anniversary of the award, in each case, subject to certain change in control provisions. As of December 31, 2021, each of the performance hurdles of the January market-condition RSUs had been met or exceeded.
F- 26
During the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, we granted 0.6 million, 0.5 million, and 1.0 million performance- and market-condition RSUs, respectively.
RSA and RSU activity during the year ended December 31, 2021 was:
| Restricted Stock Awards | Restricted Stock Units | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value | Shares | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands, except fair value data) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Unvested at December 31, 2020 | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Granted | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Vested | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Forfeited | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Unvested at December 31, 2021 | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
The weighted average grant date fair value of RSAs granted during the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019 was $88.68 , $38.10 , and $20.53 per share, respectively. RSAs vested during the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019 consisted entirely of service-condition awards. The total grant date fair value of RSAs vested in the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019 was $0.4 million, $0.2 million and $0.2 million, respectively.
As of December 31, 2021, unrecognized share-based compensation expense for RSAs was $0.1 million, which is expected to amortize over a remaining weighted average period of 0.4 years.
The weighted average grant date fair value of RSUs granted during the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019 was $76.28 , $29.14 , and $25.37 per share, respectively. RSUs vested during the year ended December 31, 2021 consisted of 0.4 million service-condition awards and 0.5 million performance- and market-condition awards. RSUs vested during the year ended December 31, 2020 consisted of 0.5 million service-condition awards and 0.4 million performance- and market-condition awards. RSUs vested during the year ended December 31, 2019 consisted of 0.6 million service-condition awards and 0.4 million performance- and market-condition awards. The total grant date fair value of RSUs vested during the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019 was $24.9 million, $11.9 million and $9.9 million, respectively.
As of December 31, 2021, unrecognized share-based compensation expenses for service-condition RSUs were $20.4 million and for performance- and market-condition RSUs were $18.5 million, and are expected to amortize over remaining weighted average periods of 1.5 years and 1.8 years, respectively.
13. INCOME TAXES
During the three months ended December 31, 2021, we completed an intra-entity transfer of certain intellectual property rights primarily to align with current and future international operations. This transaction was executed using transfer pricing guidelines issued by the relevant taxing authorities. Significant estimates and assumptions were required to compute the valuation of this transaction. These estimates and assumptions include, but are not limited to, estimated future revenue growth and discount rates, which by their nature are inherently uncertain, and, therefore, may ultimately differ materially from our actual results.
We have recorded certain tax reserves to address potential differences involving our income tax positions. These potential tax liabilities result from the varying application of statutes, rules, regulations and interpretations by different taxing jurisdictions. While our tax position is not uncertain, because of the significant estimates used in the value of certain intellectual property rights, our tax reserves contain assumptions based on past experiences and judgments about the interpretation of statutes, rules and regulations by taxing jurisdictions. It is possible that the costs of the ultimate tax liability or benefit from these matters may be materially more or less than the amount that we estimated.
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In order to support and sustain the amortizable tax basis (and associated deferred tax asset, net of uncertain tax position), we must demonstrate economic ownership, including the appropriate authority and expertise to manage the intellectual property owned and serviced in the Netherlands. The determination of economic substance is a judgment that has to be evaluated by management on a continual basis requiring understanding and expertise of local laws of each associated tax jurisdiction. The Netherlands subsidiary serves as the principal Crocs corporate headquarters outside of the U.S. and already performs significant functions in support of the economic ownership of the intellectual property in the Netherlands. In 2021, we undertook many additional activities to align business operations that support the economic substance of the intellectual property in the Netherlands.
The transfer resulted in a step-up in tax basis of intellectual property rights and a correlated increase in foreign deferred tax assets based on the fair value of the transferred intellectual property rights. We recorded a deferred tax asset of $40.3 million, net of a reserve for uncertain tax positions of $16.1 million. As such, a net deferred tax asset of $24.2 million was recognized along with a corresponding foreign deferred income tax benefit.
| Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | |||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||
| Income before taxes: | |||||||||||||||||
| U.S. | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Foreign | |||||||||||||||||
| Total income before taxes | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Income tax expense (benefit): | |||||||||||||||||
| Current income taxes: | |||||||||||||||||
| U.S. federal | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| U.S. state | |||||||||||||||||
| Foreign | |||||||||||||||||
| Total current income taxes | |||||||||||||||||
| Deferred income taxes: | |||||||||||||||||
| U.S. federal | ( | ||||||||||||||||
| U.S. state | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||
| Foreign | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||
| Total deferred income taxes | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||
Total income tax benefit | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||
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| Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax expense and rate attributable to: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Federal income tax rate | $ | % | $ | % | $ | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
State income tax rate, net of federal benefit | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign income tax rate differential | % | ( | ( | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| GILTI, net | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-deductible / non-taxable items | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Change in valuation allowance | ( | ( | % | % | ( | ( | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign tax credits | ( | ( | % | ( | ( | % | ( | ( | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Research and development credits | ( | ( | % | ( | ( | % | ( | ( | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Uncertain tax positions | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share-based compensation | ( | ( | % | ( | ( | % | ( | ( | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Intra-Entity IP Transfer | ( | ( | % | ( | ( | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Enacted changes in tax law | ( | ( | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Effective income tax expense and rate | $ | ( | ( | % | $ | ( | ( | % | $ | ( | ( | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Deferred income taxes reflect the net effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. The following table sets forth deferred income tax assets and liabilities as of the date shown:
| December 31, | |||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | ||||||||||
| (in thousands) | |||||||||||
| Non-current deferred tax assets: | |||||||||||
| Share-based compensation expense | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Accruals, reserves, and other expenses | |||||||||||
| Net operating loss | |||||||||||
| Intangible assets | |||||||||||
| Foreign tax credit | |||||||||||
| Operating lease liabilities | |||||||||||
| Other | |||||||||||
| Valuation allowance | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Total non-current deferred tax assets | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Non-current deferred tax liabilities: | |||||||||||
| Unrealized gain on foreign currency | $ | $ | ( | ||||||||
| Property and equipment | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Right-of-use assets | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Other | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Total non-current deferred tax liabilities | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||
During 2021, valuation allowances recorded against deferred tax assets decreased by $200.2 million. The change in the valuation allowance includes $192.3 million related to income tax benefit and $7.9 million that does not impact the tax provision because this amount reflects the cumulative impact of unrecorded tax attributes related to changes in cumulative translation adjustments. During 2020, valuation allowances increased by $147.6 million. The change in the valuation allowance
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includes $143.0 million related to income tax expense and $4.6 million that does not impact the tax provision because this amount reflects the impact of unrecorded tax attributes related to changes in cumulative translation adjustments.
Our valuation allowances are primarily the result of uncertainties regarding the future realization of tax attributes recorded in various jurisdictions. The measurement of deferred tax assets is reduced by a valuation allowance if, based upon available evidence, it is more likely than not the deferred tax assets will not be realized. We have evaluated the realizability of our deferred tax assets in each jurisdiction by assessing the adequacy of expected taxable income, including the reversal of existing temporary differences, historical and projected operating results and the availability of prudent and feasible tax planning strategies. In assessing our valuation allowance we considered all available evidence, including the magnitude of recent and current operating results, the duration of statutory carryforward periods, our historical experience utilizing tax attributes prior to their expiration dates, the historical volatility of operating results of these jurisdictions, and our assessment regarding the sustainability of their profitability. The weight we give to any particular item is, in part, dependent upon the degree to which it can be objectively verified. During the three months ended June 30, 2021, a jurisdiction for which we have historically recorded significant valuation allowances enacted a favorable change in the tax law related to net operating loss carryforwards. The change in tax law impacted the assessment of valuation allowances in the jurisdiction as the reversal of existing deferred tax assets would generate indefinite carryforward net operating losses instead of losses with a limited carryforward period. During 2021, valuation allowances recorded against deferred tax assets decreased by $200.2 million.
In certain other jurisdictions, we recorded additional attributes, primarily driven by operational losses recognized based on local tax accounting requirements. These carryforwards were generated in jurisdictions where results indicate it is not more likely than not the deferred tax assets would be realized. We maintain a valuation allowance against the majority of these balances.
During 2021, all U.S. federal tax credits were utilized. We have included in the table above the prior year deferred tax assets related to U.S. federal tax carryforwards, including foreign tax credits and other tax credits, of $5.8 million as of December 31, 2020. We have included in the table above deferred tax assets related to U.S. state tax net operating loss carryforwards, some of which expire at various dates beginning in 2031 and some of which do not expire, of $2.4 million and $3.6 million at December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. We have recorded deferred tax assets related to foreign tax carryforwards, including foreign tax credits and net operating losses, which expire starting in 2022 and those which do not expire of $61.5 million and $58.4 million as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. We maintain a valuation allowance against a portion of the foreign carryforwards and other attributes.
The transition tax in the Tax Act imposed a tax on undistributed and previously untaxed foreign earnings at various tax rates. This tax largely eliminated the differences between the financial reporting and income tax basis of foreign undistributed earnings. Furthermore, as of December 31, 2021, foreign withholding taxes have not been provided on unremitted earnings of subsidiaries operating outside of the U.S. as these amounts are considered to be indefinitely reinvested.
| Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | |||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||
| Unrecognized tax benefit as of January 1 | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Additions in tax positions taken in prior period | |||||||||||||||||
| Reductions in tax positions taken in prior period | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||
| Additions in tax positions taken in current period | |||||||||||||||||
| Settlements | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||
| Lapse of statute of limitations | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||
| Cumulative foreign currency translation adjustment | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||
| Unrecognized tax benefit as of December 31 | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
We recorded a net expense of $21.3 million related to increases in 2021 unrecognized tax benefits combined with amounts effectively settled under audit. Unrecognized tax benefits as of December 31, 2021 relate to tax years that are currently open under the statute of limitation. The primary impact of uncertain tax benefits on the rate reconciliation includes audit settlements, net increases in position changes, and accrued interest expense.
Any settlements or statute of limitations expirations could result in a significant decrease in our uncertain tax positions. Our assessments are based on estimates and assumptions using the best available information to management. However, our
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estimates of unrecognized tax benefits and potential tax benefits may not be representative of actual outcomes, and any variation from such estimates could materially affect our financial statements in the period of settlement or when the statutes of limitations expire. Finalizing audits with the relevant taxing authorities can include formal administrative and legal proceedings, and, as a result, it is difficult to estimate the timing and range of possible change related to our uncertain tax positions, and such changes could be significant.
Interest and penalties related to income tax liabilities are included in ‘Income tax benefit’ in the consolidated statements of operations. For the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, we recorded approximately $1.0 million, $0.6 million, and $0.4 million, respectively, of penalties and interest. During the year ended December 31, 2021, we released $0.1 million of interest from settlements, lapse of statutes, and change in certainty. The cumulative accrued balance of penalties and interest was $2.0 million, $1.2 million, and $0.7 million, as of December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively.
Unrecognized tax benefits of $218.7 million, $205.6 million, and $4.0 million as of December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively, if recognized, would reduce the annual effective tax rate offset by deferred tax assets recorded for uncertain tax positions.
The following table sets forth the tax years subject to examination for the major jurisdictions where we conduct business as of December 31, 2021:
| The Netherlands | 2009 to 2021 | ||||
| Canada | 2014 to 2021 | ||||
| Japan | 2014 to 2021 | ||||
| China | 2011 to 2021 | ||||
| Singapore | 2017 to 2021 | ||||
| United States | 2007 to 2021 | ||||
We are currently under audit in China. U.S. state tax returns are generally subject to examination for a period of three to five years after filing of the respective return. The state impact of any federal changes remains subject to examination by various state jurisdictions for a period up to two years after formal notification to the states. As such, U.S. state income tax returns for us are generally subject to examination for the years 2016 to 2021. Although the timing of income tax audit resolutions and negotiations with taxing authorities is highly uncertain, we do not anticipate a significant change in the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits within the next twelve months.
14. EARNINGS PER SHARE
Basic and diluted EPS for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019 were as follows:
| Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | |||||||||||||||
| (in thousands, except per share data) | |||||||||||||||||
| Numerator: | |||||||||||||||||
Net income attributable to common stockholders | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Denominator: | |||||||||||||||||
| Weighted average common shares outstanding - basic | |||||||||||||||||
Plus: Dilutive effect of stock options and unvested restricted stock units | |||||||||||||||||
Weighted average common shares outstanding - diluted | |||||||||||||||||
Net income per common share: | |||||||||||||||||
| Basic | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Diluted | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
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15. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Purchase Commitments
As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, we had purchase commitments to our third-party manufacturers, primarily for materials and supplies used in the manufacture of our products, for an aggregate of $274.9 million and $220.8 million, respectively. We expect to fulfill our commitments under these agreements in the normal course of business, and as such, no liability has been recorded.
HEYDUDE Acquisition
On December 22, 2021, we entered into a definitive agreement to acquire the HEYDUDE brand (the “HEYDUDE Acquisition”), a privately-owned casual footwear brand, pursuant to a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Securities Purchase Agreement”). The Securities Purchase Agreement provides that we will purchase all of the issued and outstanding equity securities of HEYDUDE for a purchase price of $2.05 billion in cash (the “Cash Consideration”) and 2,852,280 in Crocs shares to be issued to one of the sellers. The Cash Consideration is subject to adjustment based on, among other things, the cash, indebtedness, transaction expenses, and working capital of HEYDUDE as of the closing of the HEYDUDE Acquisition. The HEYDUDE Acquisition is expected to close in February 2022, subject to customary closing conditions.
Other
We are regularly subject to, and are currently undergoing, audits by various tax authorities in the U.S. and several foreign jurisdictions, including customs duties, import and other taxes for prior tax years.
During our normal course of business, we may make certain indemnities, commitments, and guarantees under which we may be required to make payments in relation to certain matters. We cannot determine a range of estimated future payments and have not recorded any liability for such payments in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
See Note 17 — Legal Proceedings for further details regarding potential loss contingencies related to government tax audits and other current legal proceedings.
16. OPERATING SEGMENTS AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION
We have three reportable operating segments: the Americas, Asia Pacific, and Europe, Middle East, and Africa (“EMEA”). Each of the reportable operating segments derives its revenues from the sale of footwear and accessories to external customers.
Segment performance is evaluated based on segment results without allocating corporate expenses, or indirect general, administrative, and other expenses. Segment profits or losses include adjustments to eliminate inter-segment sales. Reconciling items between segment income from operations and income from operations consist of other businesses and unallocated corporate expenses, as well as inter-segment eliminations.
In the three months ended March 31, 2021, certain costs previously reported within ‘Other Businesses’ were shifted to the Americas, Asia Pacific, and EMEA segments, as applicable, to reflect changes in the way management evaluates segment performance, makes operating decisions, and allocates resources. Additionally, any costs remaining in ‘Other Businesses,’ including depreciation and amortization, had been consolidated into ‘Unallocated corporate and other.’ The previously reported amounts for income from operations for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 have been revised to conform to current period presentation, as shown in the following tables.
In the three months ended June 30, 2021, to reflect changes in the way management evaluates segment performance, makes operating decisions, and allocates resources, and as a response to our incremental investments in marketing in line with our growth, certain marketing expenses previously reported within ‘Unallocated corporate and other’ were shifted to the Americas, Asia Pacific, and EMEA segments, as applicable, to better align these investments with segment profitability. The previously reported amounts for income from operations for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 have been revised to conform to current period presentation, as shown in the following tables.
We do not report asset information by segment because that information is not used to evaluate performance or allocate resources between segments.
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The following tables set forth information related to reportable operating segments:
| Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | |||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||
| Revenues: | |||||||||||||||||
| Americas | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Asia Pacific | |||||||||||||||||
| EMEA | |||||||||||||||||
| Segment revenues | |||||||||||||||||
| Other businesses | |||||||||||||||||
| Total consolidated revenues | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
Income from operations (1)(2): | |||||||||||||||||
| Americas | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Asia Pacific | |||||||||||||||||
| EMEA | |||||||||||||||||
| Total segment income from operations | |||||||||||||||||
Reconciliation of segment income from operations to income before income taxes: | |||||||||||||||||
Unallocated corporate and other (1)(2) | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||
| Total consolidated income from operations | |||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency gains (losses), net | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||
| Interest income | |||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||
| Other income, net | |||||||||||||||||
| Income before income taxes | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization: | |||||||||||||||||
| Americas | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Asia Pacific | |||||||||||||||||
| EMEA | |||||||||||||||||
| Total segment depreciation and amortization | |||||||||||||||||
Unallocated corporate and other (1)(2) | |||||||||||||||||
| Total consolidated depreciation and amortization | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
(1) In the first quarter of 2021, certain costs previously reported within ‘Other Businesses’ were shifted to the Americas, Asia Pacific, and EMEA segments. Additionally, any costs remaining in ‘Other Businesses,’ including depreciation and amortization, have been consolidated into ‘Unallocated corporate and other.’ In the second quarter of 2021, certain marketing expenses previously reported within ‘Unallocated corporate and other’ were shifted to the Americas, Asia Pacific, and EMEA segments. The previously reported amounts for income from operations for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 have been revised to conform to current period presentation. See the ‘Impacts of segment composition change’ and ‘Impacts of marketing expense allocations’ tables below for more information.
(2) Unallocated corporate and other primarily includes corporate support and administrative functions, certain royalty income, costs associated with share-based compensation, research and development, brand marketing, legal, and depreciation and amortization of corporate and other assets not allocated to operating segments.
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Impacts of segment composition change:
| Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||||
| 2020 | 2019 | ||||||||||
| (in thousands) | |||||||||||
| Impacts on income from operations: | |||||||||||
| Americas | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||
| Asia Pacific | ( | ( | |||||||||
| EMEA | ( | ||||||||||
| Total impact on segment income from operations | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||
| Unallocated corporate and other | $ | $ | |||||||||
Impacts of marketing expense allocations:
| Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||||
| 2020 | 2019 | ||||||||||
| (in thousands) | |||||||||||
| Impacts on income from operations: | |||||||||||
| Americas | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||
| Asia Pacific | ( | ( | |||||||||
| EMEA | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Total impact on segment income from operations | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||
| Unallocated corporate and other | $ | $ | |||||||||
There were no customers who represented 10% or more of consolidated revenues during the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019. The following table sets forth certain geographical information regarding Crocs’ revenues for the periods as shown:
| Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | |||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||
| Location: | |||||||||||||||||
| United States | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
International (1) | |||||||||||||||||
| Total revenues | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
(1) No individual international country represented 10% or more of consolidated revenues in any of the years presented.
The following table sets forth geographical information regarding property and equipment assets as of the dates shown:
| December 31, | |||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | ||||||||||
| (in thousands) | |||||||||||
| Location: | |||||||||||
| United States | $ | $ | |||||||||
International (1) | |||||||||||
| Total property and equipment, net | $ | $ | |||||||||
(1) During the year ended December 31, 2021, property and equipment, net in the Netherlands represented approximately 20 % of consolidated property and equipment, net, comprised primarily of property and equipment related to the distribution center in Dordrecht and the warehouses in Rotterdam and Oudenbosch. No other individual country represented 10% or more of consolidated property and equipment, net in any of the years presented.
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17. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
We were subject to an audit by the Brazilian Federal Tax Authorities related to imports of footwear from China between 2010 and 2014. On January 13, 2015, we were notified about the issuance of assessments totaling 14.4 million Brazilian Real (“BRL”), or approximately $2.6 million at current exchange rates, plus interest and penalties, for the period January 2010 through May 2011. We disputed these assessments and asserted defenses to the claims. On February 25, 2015, we received additional assessments totaling 33.3 million BRL, or approximately $6.0 million at current exchange rates, plus interest and penalties, related to the remainder of the audit period. We also disputed these assessments and asserted defenses to these claims in administrative appeals. On August 29, 2017, we received a favorable ruling on our appeal of the first assessment, which dismissed all fines, penalties, and interest. The tax authorities have appealed that decision and we challenged the appeal on both the merits and procedure. Additionally, the second appeal for the remaining assessments was heard on March 22, 2018. That decision was partially favorable for us and resulted in an approximately 38 % reduction in principal, penalties, and interest. The tax authorities have appealed that decision, and we filed a response to the tax authorities’ appeal as well as a separate appeal against the unfavorable portion of the ruling. Taking current rulings into consideration, we estimate the remaining principal for these assessments to be $4.5 million at current exchange rates, plus interest and penalties. Should the Brazilian Tax Authority prevail in these final administrative appeals, we may challenge the assessments through the court system, which would likely require the posting of a bond. We have not recorded these items within the consolidated financial statements as it is not possible at this time to predict the timing or outcome of this matter or to estimate a potential amount of loss, if any.
For all other claims and disputes, we have accrued estimated losses of $1.5 million within ‘Accrued expenses and other liabilities’ in our consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2021. As we are able, we estimate reasonably possible losses or a range of reasonably possible losses for claims and other disputes. As of December 31, 2021, we estimated that reasonably possible losses could potentially exceed amounts accrued by an immaterial amount.
Although we are subject to other litigation from time to time in the ordinary course of business, including employment, intellectual property and product liability claims, other than as set forth above, we are not party to any other pending legal proceedings that we believe would reasonably have a material adverse impact on our business, financial results, and cash flows.
18. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN
19. UNAUDITED QUARTERLY CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL INFORMATION
| For the Quarter Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| March 31, 2021 | June 30, 2021 | September 30, 2021 | December 31, 2021 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands, except per share data) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Gross profit | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Income from operations | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income (1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Basic income per common share (2) | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
Diluted income per common share (2) | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
(1) During the three months ended June 30, 2021, a jurisdiction for which we have historically recorded significant valuation allowances enacted a favorable change in the tax law related to net operating loss carryforwards. This change in tax law impacted the assessment of valuation allowances in the jurisdiction. This resulted in a $176.9 million discrete tax benefit for the release of valuation allowances resulting from the enactment of this tax law change.
(2) Basic and diluted income per common share are computed independently for each of the quarters presented. Therefore, the sum of the quarters may not equal the annual amounts presented in the consolidated statements of operations.
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| For the Quarter Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| March 31, 2020 | June 30, 2020 | September 30, 2020 | December 31, 2020 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands, except per share data) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Gross profit | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Income from operations | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income (1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Basic income (loss) per common share (2) | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
Diluted income (loss) per common share (2) | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
(1) During the three months ended December 31, 2020, we completed an intra-entity transfer of certain intellectual property rights, resulting in the recognition of a $127.7 million tax benefit. See Note 13 — Income Taxes for more information. Additionally, in the three months ended December 31, 2020, we recorded an impairment for a retail location in New York City of $20.0 million and for our former corporate headquarters of $1.1 million.
(2) Basic and diluted income per common share are computed independently for each of the quarters presented. Therefore, the sum of the quarters may not equal the annual amounts presented in the consolidated statements of operations. Additionally, for the three months ended December 31, 2020, basic and diluted income per common share include the impact of the repurchase of 1.7 million shares of our common stock for $131.7 million, including a $125.0 million ASR, as described in more detail in Note 10 — Equity.
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APPENDIX A
SCHEDULE II - VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS
CROCS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
| Balance at Beginning of Period | Charged to Costs and Expenses | Deductions (1) | Balance at End of Period | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Year Ended December 31, 2021 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Allowance for doubtful accounts | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reserve for sales returns and allowances | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reserve for unapplied rebates | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||
Year Ended December 31, 2020 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Allowance for doubtful accounts | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reserve for sales returns and allowances | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reserve for unapplied rebates | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||
Year Ended December 31, 2019 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Allowance for doubtful accounts | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reserve for sales returns and allowances | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reserve for unapplied rebates | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||
(1) Deductions include accounts written off, net of recoveries, and the effects of foreign currency translation.
F- 37