Income Taxes

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Income Taxes

12. Income Taxes

The difference between the Company's effective tax rate for the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 was primarily due to an increase in the valuation allowance recorded on operating losses during the three months ended June 30, 2023 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2022. The difference between the Company's effective tax rate for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 was primarily due to a decrease in the tax benefit on the vesting of restricted stock units and restricted stock awards due to a lower market price for the Company's stock for the three months ended March 31, 2023 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022.

The Company recorded an aggregate deferred federal, state, and local tax benefit of $1.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023, which was partially offset by an increase to the valuation allowance of $1.3 million. The Company recorded an aggregate deferred federal, state, and local tax benefit of $10.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023, which was offset by an increase to the valuation allowance of $11.0 million. The Company recorded an aggregate deferred federal, state, and local tax expense of $20.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022, which was offset by a reduction to the valuation allowance of $21.4 million. The Company recorded an aggregate deferred federal, state, and local tax expense of $45.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022, which was partially offset by a reduction to the valuation allowance of $44.0 million.

The Company evaluates its deferred tax assets each quarter to determine if a valuation allowance is required based on whether it is more likely than not that some portion of the deferred tax asset would not be realized. The Company's valuation allowance as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 was $436.0 million and $425.0 million, respectively.

The increase in the valuation allowance for both the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 is the result of current operating losses during the periods and by the anticipated reversal of future tax liabilities offset by future tax deductions.

The Company recorded interest charges related to its tax contingency reserve for cash tax positions for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 which are included in income tax expense or benefit for the period. As of June 30, 2023, tax returns for years 2018 through 2021 are subject to future examination by tax authorities. In addition, the net operating losses from prior years are subject to adjustment under examination.