S-3 1 ds3.htm FORM S-3 Form S-3
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As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 16, 2008

Registration No. 333-                        

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

 

 

FORM S-3

REGISTRATION STATEMENT

UNDER

THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

 

 

CBRE Realty Finance, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

 

 

  185 Asylum Street, 31st Floor  
  Hartford, Connecticut, 06103  
Maryland   (860) 275-6200   30-0314655

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

 

(Address, including zip code, and

telephone number, including

area code, of registrant’s principal

executive offices)

 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)

 

 

Kenneth J. Witkin

President and Chief Executive Officer

185 Asylum Street, 31st Floor

Hartford, Connecticut, 06103

(860) 275-6200

(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)

 

 

Copies to:

Larry P. Medvinsky, Esq.

Clifford Chance US LLP

31 West 52nd Street

New York, New York 10019

(212) 878-8000

 

 

APPROXIMATE DATE OF COMMENCEMENT OF PROPOSED SALE TO THE PUBLIC: From time to time after this registration statement becomes effective.

If the only securities being registered on this form are being offered pursuant to dividend or interest reinvestment plans, please check the following box: ¨

If any of the securities being registered on this form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, other than securities offered only in connection with dividend or interest reinvestment plans, check the following box. x

If this form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act of 1933, please check the following box and list the Securities Act of 1933 registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ¨

If this form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act of 1933, check the following box and list the Securities Act of 1933 registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ¨

If delivery of the prospectus is expected to be made pursuant to Rule 434, please check the following box. ¨

 

 

CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE

 

 

Title of Each Class of Securities to be Registered    Amount to be
Registered(1)
   Proposed Maximum
Offering Price
Per Unit(2)
   Proposed Maximum
Aggregate Offering
Price(2)(3)
   Amount of
Registration Fee(2)(3)

Common Stock, par value $.01 per share

   10,439,146    $4.29    $44,783,936.34    $0.00

 

 

(1) Pursuant to Rule 429 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Registration Statement serves as a post-effective amendment to Registration Statement No. 333-139355 on Form S-11. This Registration Statement shall also cover any additional shares of the Registrant’s common stock which become issuable by reason of any stock dividend, stock split or similar transaction.
(2) Estimated solely for purposes of calculating the registration fee in accordance with Rule 457(c) based on the average high and low reported sales prices on The New York Stock Exchange on May 15, 2008.
(3) Pursuant to Rule 457(p) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, a portion of the registration fee of $35,866 previously paid by the Registrant in connection with the filing of Registration Statement No. 333-139355 has been offset against the filing fee payable with respect to this Registration Statement. A total of 10,439,146 shares and the corresponding previously paid fee of $1,760 are being carried forward from Registration Statement No. 333-139355 to this Registration Statement.

 

 

The registrant hereby amends this registration statement on the date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this registration statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 or until the registration statement shall become effective on such date as the Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.

 

 

 


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EXPLANATORY NOTE

Pursuant to Rule 429 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Registration Statement serves as a post-effective amendment to Registration Statement No. 333-139355 on Form S-11.


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The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and it is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any state where the offer or sale is not permitted.

Subject to Completion, dated May 16, 2008

PROSPECTUS

 

LOGO

10,439,146 Shares

Common Stock

CBRE Realty Finance, Inc. is a commercial real estate specialty finance company that primarily focuses on originating, acquiring, investing in, financing and managing a diversified portfolio of commercial real estate-related loans and securities. We are externally managed and advised by CBRE Realty Finance Management, LLC, an indirect subsidiary of CB Richard Ellis, Inc. and a direct subsidiary of CBRE Melody & Company.

This prospectus relates to the resale of up to 10,439,146 shares of our common stock that the selling stockholders named in this prospectus may offer for sale from time to time.

The registration of these shares does not necessarily mean the selling stockholders will offer or sell all or any of these shares of common stock. We will not receive any of the proceeds from the sales of any shares of our common stock by the selling stockholders, but will incur expenses in connection with the registration of these shares.

The selling stockholders from time to time may offer and resell the shares held by them directly or through agents or broker-dealers on terms to be determined by the time of sale. To the extent required, the names of any agent or broker-dealer and applicable commissions or discounts and any other required information with respect to any particular offer will be set forth in a prospectus supplement that will accompany this prospectus. A prospectus supplement also may add, update or change information contained in this prospectus. Each of the selling stockholders reserves the sole right to accept or reject, in whole or in part, any proposed purchase of the shares to be made directly or through agents.

Our common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange, or the NYSE, under the symbol “CBF.” On May 15, 2008, the closing sale price of our common stock on the NYSE was $4.38 per share.

Investing in our common stock involves risks. You should read carefully the risk factors described in our Securities and Exchange Commission filings, including our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007, before investing in our common stock.

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed upon the adequacy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

The date of this prospectus is May     , 2008


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TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

     Page

ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS

   ii

INFORMATION ABOUT CBRE REALTY FINANCE, INC.

   1

RISK FACTORS

   2

CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

   3

USE OF PROCEEDS

   5

SELLING STOCKHOLDERS

   6

DESCRIPTION OF COMMON STOCK

   19

CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF MARYLAND GENERAL CORPORATION LAW AND OF OUR CHARTER AND BYLAWS

   22

MATERIAL U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS

   26

PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

   44

LEGAL MATTERS

   46

EXPERTS

   46

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

   47

You should rely only on the information contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with different or additional information. If anyone provides you with different or additional information, you should not rely on it. We are not making an offer to sell these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted. The information appearing in this prospectus, any accompanying prospectus supplement and the documents incorporated by reference herein or therein is accurate only as of their respective dates or on other dates which are specified in those documents. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since those dates.

 

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ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS

This prospectus is part of a shelf registration statement that we filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, using a “shelf” registration process for the delayed offering and sale of common stock pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act. Under the shelf process, the selling stockholders may, from time to time, sell the shares of common stock covered by this prospectus in one or more offerings. This prospectus provides you with a general description of the common stock the selling stockholders may offer. Each time the selling stockholders sell any of these offered shares of common stock, the selling stockholders will provide a prospectus supplement containing specific information about the terms of that sale and the specific manner in which the shares of common stock will be offered. The prospectus supplement may also add, update or change information contained in this prospectus.

This prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement do not contain all of the information included in the registration statement. We have omitted parts of the registration statement in accordance with the rules and regulations of the SEC. For further information, we refer you to the registration statement on Form S-3 of which this prospectus is a part, including its exhibits. Statements contained in this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement about the provisions or contents of any agreement or other document are not necessarily complete. If the SEC’s rules and regulations require that an agreement or document be filed as an exhibit to the registration statement, please see that agreement or document for a complete description of these matters.

You should read this prospectus together with any additional information you may need to make your investment decision. You should also read and carefully consider the information in the documents we have referred you to in “Where You Can Find More Information” below. Information incorporated by reference after the date of this prospectus may add, update or change information contained in this prospectus. Any information in such subsequent filings that is inconsistent with this prospectus will supersede the information in this prospectus or any earlier prospectus supplement.

As used in this prospectus, unless the context otherwise requires, the terms “we,” “us,” “our” and “our company” refer to all entities owned or controlled by CBRE Realty Finance, Inc.

 

ii


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INFORMATION ABOUT CBRE REALTY FINANCE, INC.

We were formed in Maryland in May 2005 and we completed our initial public offering in October 2006. We are a commercial real estate specialty finance company that focuses on originating, acquiring, investing in, financing and managing a diversified portfolio of commercial real estate-related loans and securities, including whole loans, bridge loans, subordinate interests in whole loans, which we refer to as B Notes, commercial mortgage-back securities, which we refer to as CMBS, and mezzanine loans primarily in the United States. Our objective is to grow our portfolio and provide attractive total returns to our investors over time through a combination of dividends and capital appreciation.

We are a holding company that conducts its businesses through wholly-owned or majority-owned subsidiaries. We are externally managed and advised by CBRE Realty Finance Management, LLC, which we refer to as our Manager, an indirect subsidiary of CB Richard Ellis, Inc., which we refer to as CBRE, and a direct subsidiary of CBRE Melody & Company, which we refer to as CBRE/Melody.

We have elected to be taxed as a real estate investment trust, or REIT, for U.S. federal income tax purposes commencing with our taxable year ended December 31, 2005. Accordingly, we generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income taxes if we meet certain organizational and operational requirements, including a requirement to distribute at least 90% of our net taxable income (determined without regard to the dividends paid deduction and excluding net capital gains) to our stockholders. However, we have a taxable REIT subsidiary, which we refer to as our TRS, which will incur federal, state and local taxes on the taxable income from their activities.

Our principal executive offices are located at 185 Asylum Street, 31st Floor, Hartford, Connecticut, 06103 and our telephone number is (860) 275-6200. We maintain a website at www.cbrerealtyfinance.com. Information contained on our website is not, and should not be interpreted to be, part of this prospectus.

 

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RISK FACTORS

Investment in our securities involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the risks described in the section “Risk Factors” contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007, and that may be contained in any filing we make with the SEC or any applicable prospectus supplement or other offering material, in addition to the other information contained in this prospectus, in an applicable prospectus supplement, or incorporated by reference herein, before purchasing any of our securities. The section “Risk Factors” contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007 is incorporated herein by reference. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial may also materially and adversely affect our business operations. Any of these risks described could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, or ability to make distributions to our stockholders. In such case, you could lose a portion of your original investment. In connection with the forward-looking statements that appear in this prospectus, you should carefully review the factors discussed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007 and the cautionary statements referred to in “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” beginning on page 3 of this prospectus.

 

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CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This prospectus and the documents that are incorporated by reference herein contain certain statements that may be deemed to be “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act. Forward-looking statements relate to expectations, beliefs, projections, future plans and strategies, anticipated events or trends and similar expressions concerning matters that are not historical facts. We intend such forward-looking statements to be covered by the safe harbor provisions for forward-looking statements contained in Section 27A of the Securities Act and Section 21E of the Exchange Act. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terms such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “plan,” “potential,” “project,” “should,” “will” and “would” or the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology.

The forward-looking statements are based on our beliefs, assumptions and expectations of our future performance, taking into account all information currently available to us. These beliefs, assumptions and expectations can change as a result of many possible events or factors, not all of which are known to us or are within our control. If a change occurs, our business, financial condition, liquidity and results of operations may vary materially from those expressed in our forward-looking statements. You should carefully consider these risks along with the following factors that could cause actual results to vary from our forward-looking statements:

 

   

our future operating results;

 

   

our business operations and prospects;

 

   

general volatility of the securities markets in which we invest and the market price of our common stock;

 

   

changes in our business strategy;

 

   

availability, terms and deployment of capital;

 

   

margin calls;

 

   

availability of qualified personnel;

 

   

changes in our industry, interest rates, the debt securities markets, the general economy or the commercial finance and real estate markets specifically;

 

   

unanticipated increases in financing and other costs, including a rise in interest rates, or requirements for additional collateral;

 

   

the performance and financial condition of borrowers and corporate customers;

 

   

the cost of our capital, which depends in part on our asset quality, the nature of our relationships with our lenders and other capital providers, our business prospects and outlook and general market conditions;

 

   

increased rates of default and/or decreased recovery rates on our investments;

 

   

our ability to satisfy complex rules in order for us to qualify as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes and qualify for our exemption under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, and the ability of certain of our subsidiaries to qualify as REITs and certain of our subsidiaries to qualify as taxable REIT subsidiaries for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and our ability and the ability of our subsidiaries to operate effectively within the limitations imposed by these rules;

 

   

risks of structured finance investments;

 

   

increased prepayments of the mortgage and other loans underlying our mortgage-backed or other asset-backed securities;

 

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changes in governmental regulations, tax rates and similar matters;

 

   

legislative and regulatory changes (including changes to laws governing the taxation of REITs or the exemptions from registration as an investment company);

 

   

class action lawsuits;

 

   

potential derivative stockholder claims and any future litigation that may arise;

 

   

the ultimate resolution of our three non-performing loans totaling $94.8 million and our three watch list loans totaling $29.8 million;

 

   

the monetization of our joint venture investments;

 

   

the outcome of our exploration of operational and strategic initiatives;

 

   

availability of investment opportunities in real estate-related and other securities;

 

   

the degree and nature of our competition;

 

   

the adequacy of our cash reserves and working capital;

 

   

the timing of cash flows, if any, from our investments; and

 

   

other factors discussed under the heading “Risk Factors’ in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007.

We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of future events, new information or otherwise.

The risks included here are not exhaustive. Other sections of this report may include additional factors that could adversely affect our business and financial performance. Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment. New risk factors emerge from time to time and it is not possible for management to predict all such risk factors, nor can it assess the impact of all such risk factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements. Given these risks and uncertainties, investors should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements as a prediction of actual results.

 

4


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USE OF PROCEEDS

We will not receive any proceeds by the selling stockholders from the sale of the shares of common stock offered by this prospectus.

 

5


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SELLING STOCKHOLDERS

The selling stockholders may, from time to time, offer and sell pursuant to this prospectus any or all of the shares of our common stock. When we refer to the “selling stockholders” in this prospectus, we mean those persons specifically identified in the table below, as well as the permitted transferees, pledges, donees, assignees, successors and others who later come to hold any of the selling stockholders’ interests other than through a public sale.

The table below sets forth the name of each selling stockholder and the number of shares of our common stock that each selling stockholder may offer pursuant to this prospectus, from time to time, as of May 15, 2008. The information presented regarding the selling stockholders is based upon representations made by the selling stockholders to us.

Because the selling stockholders may offer all, some or none of the shares of the common stock pursuant to this prospectus, and because there currently are no agreements, arrangements or understandings with respect to the sale of any of these shares, no definitive estimate can be given as to the amount of shares that will be held by the selling stockholders after completion of the offering to which this prospectus relates. The following table has been prepared assuming that the selling stockholders sell all of the shares of our common stock beneficially owned by them that have been registered by us and do not acquire any additional shares of stock. We cannot advise you as to whether the selling stockholders will in fact sell any or all of their shares of our common stock. In addition, the selling stockholders may have sold, transferred or otherwise disposed of, or may sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of, at any time and from time to time, the shares of our common stock in transactions exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act after the date on which they provided the information set forth in the table below.

Information concerning the selling stockholders may change from time to time, and any changed information will be set forth in prospectus supplements or post-effective amendments, as may be appropriate.

 

Selling Stockholders

   Shares of
Common
Stock
Beneficially
Owned
Before
Resale
   Shares of
Common
Stock
Offered by
this
Prospectus
   Shares of
Common
Stock
Beneficially
Owned
After
Resale
   Percentage
of Class
Beneficially
Owned
After
Resale(1)

1991 Investments Co.(2)

   16,900    16,900    0    *

A.C. Israel Enterprises Inc.(3)

   133,333    133,333    0    *

Agnes Lochmann Trust(4)

   7,000    7,000    0    *

Adam Morad(86)

   250    250    0    *

Adria Dewitt(90)

   2,700    2,700    0    *

Allen Gold Special Trust(5)

   2,500    2,500    0    *

Amaranth Global Equities Master Fund Limited(6)(7)

   100,000    100,000    0    *

Amaranth LLC(6)(7)

   100,000    100,000    0    *

Andrew C. and Angela Boyer

   3,334    3,334    0    *

Andrew Manley(8)

   23,625    23,625    0    *

Ann Marie O’Rourke(9)

   32,000    32,000    0    *

Anthony D. Ivankovich Family Limited Partnership(10)

   66,666    66,666    0    *

Arbor Partners, L.P.(7)(82)

   2,400    2,400    0    *

 

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Selling Stockholders

   Shares of
Common
Stock
Beneficially
Owned
Before
Resale
   Shares of
Common
Stock
Offered by
this
Prospectus
   Shares of
Common
Stock
Beneficially
Owned
After
Resale
   Percentage
of Class
Beneficially
Owned
After
Resale(1)

Barbara Emmons Family Trust(11)

   1,667    1,667    0    *

Bart G. Reinhard

   1,700    1,700    0    *

Becky J. Gallegos

   18,000    18,000    0    *

Bill R. Frazer and Jean Frazer JTTEN(12)

   35,094    35,094    0    *

Boston Partners Asset Management, LLC(7)(84)

   1,117,575    1,117,575    0    *

Brian Baummer(91)

   3,000    3,000    0    *

Brian Callahan(92)

   3,000    3,000    0    *

Brian Flood(93)

   10,750    10,750    0    *

Brian Smith(94)

   14,500    14,500    0    *

Bruce E. Surry

   2,000    2,000    0    *

Brucia Family Trust DTD 4/28/89(13)

   20,000    20,000    0    *

Calvin W. Frese Jr.

   15,000    15,000    0    *

Carl Bristol(95)

   15,500    15,500    0    *

Cason Family Limited Partnership(14)

   10,000    10,000    0    *

CAW Trust(15)

   18,000    18,000    0    *

CBRE Melody of Texas, L.P.(16)

   1,900,000    1,900,000    0    *

Celia Dondes(96)

   5,000    5,000    0    *

Charles K. Stewart

   21,666    21,666    0    *

Cheryl Chard(97)

   6,750    6,750    0    *

Christa and Herwig Kogelnik

   7,000    7,000    0    *

Christopher William Battistini(17)

   44,500    44,500    0    *

Crestwood Commercial Corp.(18)

   3,350    3,350    0    *

Cuccio Family Trust(19)

   13,400    13,400    0    *

Daniel L. Dagit, Jr.

   1,700    1,700    0    *

Daniel Farr(98)

   26,000    26,000    0    *

Darla J. Longo and Sam C. Longo, Jr.

   7,200    7,200    0    *

David A. Smith and Jennifer L. Smith Living Trust(20)

   1,700    1,700    0    *

David Flynn(99)

   3,250    3,250    0    *

David Doyle

   100,000    100,000    0    *

David F. Dorros(21)

   37,500    37,500    0    *

David P. Marks(22)

   667    667    0    *

David S. and Donna Tropp JTWROS

   1,667    1,667    0    *

Deron M. White

   5,000    5,000    0    *

Diana M. True Revocable Trust(23)

   15,000    15,000    0    *

 

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Selling Stockholders

   Shares of
Common
Stock
Beneficially
Owned
Before
Resale
   Shares of
Common
Stock
Offered by
this
Prospectus
   Shares of
Common
Stock
Beneficially
Owned
After
Resale
   Percentage
of Class
Beneficially
Owned
After
Resale(1)

Dick A. Rose

   3,330    3,330    0    *

Dividend Capital Realty Income Allocation Fund(7)(24)

   400,000    400,000    0    *

Douglas C. Eby(25)

   66,667    66,667    0    *

Douglas P. Marlow

   1,700    1,700    0    *

DWS Dreman Small Cap Value Fund(26)

   388,400    300,000    88,400    *

DWS Dreman Small Cap Value VIP(26)

   236,600    200,000    36,600    *

Dynamic Focus and Real Estate Fund(27)

   70,000    70,000    0    *

Edward Hunter Gray(87)

   2,167    2,167    0    *

Edward N. and Jamie Milton

   3,000    3,000    0    *

Eric and Barbara Jane Tupler JTWROS

   10,000    10,000    0    *

Eric Negrin

   1,700    1,700    0    *

F. Terry & Carol E. Eger Trust UAD 10/17/1991(28)

   50,000    50,000    0    *

Fenner Milton

   1,000    1,000    0    *

Frank Krasovec

   17,000    17,000    0    *

Frank Lawrence

   6,670    6,670    0    *

Gamma Investment SubTrust(29)

   15,000    15,000    0    *

Gary W. Carr

   5,000    5,000    0    *

Geraldine Marchessault(30)

   30,500    30,500    0    *

Goodman Family Trust DTD 12/29/97(31)

   13,300    13,300    0    *

Grafton Tanquary III

   15,000    15,000    0    *

Gregary W. Coxon

   2,000    2,000    0    *

Gregory M. and Sherry L. Dyner

   1,700    1,700    0    *

Gregory S. Vorwaller

   2,000    2,000    0    *

Harry Richard Sherburne

   333    333    0    *

Holly C. and Kenneth C. Minter, III

   3,350    3,350    0    *

 

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Selling Stockholders

   Shares of
Common
Stock
Beneficially
Owned
Before
Resale
   Shares of
Common
Stock
Offered by
this
Prospectus
   Shares of
Common
Stock
Beneficially
Owned
After
Resale
   Percentage
of Class
Beneficially
Owned
After
Resale(1)

IRA FBO David Devine

   2,000    2,000    0    *

IRA FBO Eric Mahnerd

   2,000    2,000    0    *

IRA FBO Michael Garland

   2,000    2,000    0    *

IRA FBO Richard Mahoney

   2,000    2,000    0    *

IRA FBO Robert Shelton

   2,000    2,000    0    *

IRA FBO Thomas J. Podgorski(33)

   8,350    8,350    0    *

J. Michael Camp

   1,700    1,700    0    *

James A. Johnson

   2,800    2,800    0    *

James Drew Baricko(34)

   2,667    2,667    0    *

James F. P. Wagley

   10,000    10,000    0    *

James J. Evans, Jr.(35)

   46,200    46,200    0    *

James R. Lagasse(36)

   39,584    39,584    0    *

Jeffrey J. Littman and Jon E. Littman JTWROS

   20,000    20,000    0    *

Jeffrey Kenneth Carr

   3,400    3,400    0    *

Jeffrey S. Barrett Trust UAD 5/16/90(37)

   6,500    6,500    0    *

Johansen Revocable Trust(38)

   1,000    1,000    0    *

John B. Spencer and Haden Spencer

   8,000    8,000    0    *

John F. Rieckelman

   3,088    3,088    0    *

John J. Ayoob

   13,500    13,500    0    *

John R. and Ruth C. Walker JTTEN

   4,000    4,000    0    *

John T. Suerth and Robyn L. Suerth

   2,000    2,000    0    *

 

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Selling Stockholders

   Shares of
Common
Stock
Beneficially
Owned
Before
Resale
   Shares of
Common
Stock
Offered by
this
Prospectus
   Shares of
Common
Stock
Beneficially
Owned
After
Resale
   Percentage
of Class
Beneficially
Owned
After
Resale(1)

John Wilson

   10,000    10,000    0    *

Joseph Charneski(100)

   15,500    15,500    0    *

Joseph W. Donato, Jr.

   2,000    2,000    0    *

Kayne Anderson REIT Fund, LP(7)(32)

   66,110    66,110    0    *

Keith Gollenberg(40)

   82,320    82,320    0    *

Kelli Hurst Revocable Trust(41)

   7,000    7,000    0    *

Kenneth J. Witkin(107)

   99,000    99,000    0    *

Lake Street Partners(42)

   13,333    13,333    0    *

Larry Bannister

   13,000    13,000    0    *

Larry Roth

   3,333    3,333    0    *

Lawrence D. Chesler Declaration of Trust and Jacqueline L. Chesler Declaration of Trust JTTEN(43)

   6,666    6,666    0    *

Lawrence Howard Midler

   3,350    3,350    0    *

Lawrence J. Melody and Gwendolyn G. Melody JTWROS(44)

   125,453    125,453    0    *

Lee Pfeifer

   10,000    10,000    0    *

Lindsey Cenci(45)

   6,550    6,550    0    *

Malek Hotels LLC(46)

   80,000    80,000    0    *

Marc Friedfertig

   5,000    5,000    0    *

Mark and Susan Pasquella JTWROS

   1,750    1,750    0    *

Mark Kenyon

   10,000    10,000    0    *

Mark M. and Richelle A. Read

   6,700    6,700    0    *

Marshall J. Beebe

   3,500    3,500    0    *

 

10


Table of Contents

Selling Stockholders

   Shares of
Common
Stock
Beneficially
Owned
Before
Resale
   Shares of
Common
Stock
Offered by
this
Prospectus
   Shares of
Common
Stock
Beneficially
Owned
After
Resale
   Percentage
of Class
Beneficially
Owned
After
Resale(1)

Matthew Alix(101)

   2,167    2,167    0    *

Maury E. Zanoff

   3,333    3,333    0    *

McFadzean 1998 Trust DTD 3/13/98(47)

   33,300    33,300    0    *

Meghan Rich(102)

   5,300    5,300    0    *

Mel Minoff and Lee Minoff

   7,000    7,000    0    *

Merrill N. Bradley

   2,000    2,000    0    *

Michael A. Angerthal(48)

   83,367    83,367    0    *

Michael B. Harrrell

   5,000    5,000    0    *

Michael C. Dubin

   6,500    6,500    0    *

Michael Coble

   8,000    8,000    0    *

Michael J. Melody(49)

   98,787    98,787    0    *

Michael Lance Ornstein Living Trust DTD 7/27/04(50)

   10,000    10,000    0    *

Michael S. Buzar

   4,000    4,000    0    *

Millenco, L.L.C.(51)

   137,700    137,700    0    *

Mitchell E. Rudin

   3,334    3,334    0    *

Mitchell Samberg

   10,000    10,000    0    *

Nando G. Parete(52)

   34,500    34,500    0    *

Nanetta M. Wilson

   2,500    2,500    0    *

Nevin Bannister Trust(53)

   10,000    10,000    0    *

Nicholas John Gersbach

   1,667    1,667    0    *

Pasha Zargarof(54)

   4,000    4,000    0    *

Patricia Jennings Bober Trust(55)

   1,000    1,000    0    *

Patrick E. O’Reilly Trust(56)

   3,333    3,333    0    *

Paul Martin(57)

   66,100    66,100    0    *

Peter Hoberman(89)

   2,000    2,000    0    *

 

11


Table of Contents

Selling Stockholders

   Shares of
Common
Stock
Beneficially
Owned
Before
Resale
   Shares of
Common
Stock
Offered by
this
Prospectus
   Shares of
Common
Stock
Beneficially
Owned
After
Resale
   Percentage
of Class
Beneficially
Owned
After
Resale(1)

Philip J. Ward

   7,000    7,000    0    *

Philip Jeffrey Shaw

   3,333    3,333    0    *

Providence Investment Management LLC(58)

   5,000    5,000    0    *

Randy E. and Vivian S. Broadhead JTTEN

   1,700    1,700    0    *

Ricardo Koenigsberger(59)

   667    667    0    *

Richard A. Frolik and Ann F. Frolik

   3,417    3,417    0    *

Richard H. and Gina E. Fish JTTEN

   2,000    2,000    0    *

RM Investments L.P.(60)

   66,700    66,700    0    *

Robert D. Selleck Family Trust(61)

   6,666    6,666    0    *

Robert F. Stillman and Melissa W. Stillman JTWROS

   2,000    2,000    0    *

Robert J. Fahey

   3,000    3,000    0    *

Robert J. LaChapelle

   2,000    2,000    0    *

Robert P. and Mary C. Whitman

   10,000    10,000    0    *

Robert Price Burke

   5,000    5,000    0    *

Robert Timothy Vaughn

   2,000    2,000    0    *

Robert W. and Carolyn H. Peters Trust UAD 1/10/92(62)

   20,000    20,000    0    *

Robin M. Gregory(85)

   2,334    2,334    0    *

Robyn Wolf

   7,000    7,000    0    *

Rockbay Capital Institutional Fund, LLC(66)

   87,128    87,128    0    *

Rockbay Capital Offshore Fund, Ltd.(66)

   360,942    360,942    0    *

Roush Family Trust(83)

   5,000    5,000    0    *

Ryan C. O’Reilly Living Trust(63)

   6,666    6,666    0    *

Ryan Murray(103)

   10,000    10,000    0    *

SAB Capital Partners II, L.P.(64)

   11,379    3,596    7,783    *

SAB Capital Partners, L.P.(64)

   588,718    190,272    398,446    1.3%

SAB Overseas Master Fund, L.P.(64)

   599,903    206,132    393,771    1.3%

 

12


Table of Contents

Selling Stockholders

   Shares of
Common
Stock
Beneficially
Owned
Before
Resale
   Shares of
Common
Stock
Offered by
this
Prospectus
   Shares of
Common
Stock
Beneficially
Owned
After
Resale
   Percentage
of Class
Beneficially
Owned
After
Resale(1)

Samuel Smith Alison

   1,700    1,700    0    *

Sarah S. Ryalls(65)

   8,500    8,500    0    *

Schneider Family Trust DTD 9/1/83(67)

   7,000    7,000    0    *

Scott M. Miller

   1,700    1,700    0    *

Sean Sung-ho Myers(68)

   5,917    5,917    0    *

Sharon L. Kline

   1,700    1,700    0    *

SM Investments L.P.(69)

   66,700    66,700    0    *

Steven Edwards(105)

   6,750    6,750    0    *

Stichting Pensioenfonds ABP(70)

   666,667    666,667    0    *

Stoffers Family Trust(71)

   92,120    92,120    0    *

Susan Burman

   6,666    6,666    0    *

Susan D. Morrison Revocable Trust(72)

   6,720    6,720    0    *

Susan J. Graybill

   15,000    15,000    0    *

Susan M. Orr(104)

   15,000    15,000    0    *

Syers Properties I L.P.(73)

   33,333    33,333    0    *

Tawfeek Shaheen

   6,666    6,666    0    *

Tempo Master Fund LP(74)

   1,200,000    1,200,000    0    *

The McMillen Trust DTD 2/9/98(75)

   1,700    1,700    0    *

The Wirta Trust(76)

   108,333    108,333    0    *

Theodore John Duda

   3,000    3,000    0    *

Thomas J. Podgorski(33)

   76,100    76,100    0    *

Thomas James Melody(77)

   92,120    92,120    0    *

 

13


Table of Contents

Selling Stockholders

   Shares of
Common
Stock
Beneficially
Owned
Before
Resale
   Shares of
Common
Stock
Offered by
this
Prospectus
   Shares of
Common
Stock
Beneficially
Owned
After
Resale
   Percentage
of Class
Beneficially
Owned
After
Resale(1)

Thomas Owen Fish(78)

   35,094    35,094    0    *

TIAA-CREF Institutional Real Estate Securities Fund(7)(79)

   250,000    250,000    0    *

TIAA-CREF Life Real Estate Securities Fund(7)(79)

   25,000    25,000    0    *

Tinsley Randolph Merrill

   5,000    5,000    0    *

Tonya Harvey(106)

   4,000    4,000    0    *

TPF, L.P.(88)

   134,000    134,000    0    *

Vincent Costantini(80)

   3,667    3,667    0    *

Walter Czarnecki, III and Maxine J. Czarnecki JTWROS

   1,700    1,700    0    *

Whitney E. Peyton

   1,667    1,667    0    *

WHJ/MJ Trust UAD 12/17/03(81)

   6,700    6,700    0    *

William Grover Bloodgood

   3,000    3,000    0    *

William P. Boone

   7,000    7,000    0    *

William T. Fleming

   6,670    6,670    0    *

William Wolf

   1,700    1,700    0    *

WPG Opportunistic Value Fund, L.P.(7)(82)

   5,700    5,700    0    *

WPG Opportunistic Value Overseas, L.P.(7)(82)

   4,800    4,800    0    *

Total

   11,361,146    10,436,146    925,000    3.0%

 

* Less than 1%.

(1)

Assumes that each named selling stockholder sells all of the shares of our common stock it is offering for sale under this prospectus and neither acquires nor disposes of any other shares, or right to purchase other shares, of our common stock subsequent to the date as of which we obtained information regarding its holdings. The selling stockholders are not obligated to sell all or any portion of the shares of our common stock.

(2)

Robert Swendon has voting and investment power over the shares this selling stockholder beneficially owns.

(3)

Thomas C. Israel and Gregory Warner share voting and investment power over the shares that this selling stockholder beneficially owns.

(4)

Agnes C. Lochman has voting and investment power over the shares this selling stockholder beneficially owns.

(5)

Curtis Leggett has voting and investment power over the shares this selling stockholder beneficially owns.

(6)

Amaranth Advisors LLC is the investment manager of this selling stockholder and consequently has voting control and investment discretion over the shares held by this selling stockholder. Nicholas M. Maounis is the managing member of Amaranth Advisors LLC.

(7)

This selling stockholder identified itself as a broker-dealer or an affiliate of a broker-dealer. This selling stockholder has represented to us that (a) the shares of our common stock shown above as being offered by such selling stockholder were purchased by such selling stockholder in the ordinary course of business and (b) at the time of such purchase, such selling stockholder had no arrangement or understandings, directly or indirectly, with any person to distribute such shares of our common stock. Accordingly, such selling stockholder is not deemed an “underwriter” within the meaning of Section 2(11) of the Securities Act.

(8)

Includes 16,958 restricted shares of our common stock and options to purchase 6,667 shares of our common stock.

(9)

Ann Marie O’Rourke is an employee of our Manager. Includes 18,000 restricted shares of our common stock and options to purchase 14,000 shares of our common stock.

(10)

Anthony D. Ivankovich has voting and investment power over the shares this selling stockholder beneficially owns.

 

14


Table of Contents

(11)

Barbara Emmons has voting and investment power over the shares that this selling stockholder beneficially owns.

(12)

Bill R. Frazer is the chief financial officer of CBRE/Melody. Includes 8,160 restricted shares of our common stock and options to purchase 13,600 shares of our common stock.

(13)

Frank A. Brucia and Helen M. Brucia share voting and investment power over the shares this selling stockholder beneficially owns.

(14)

William A. Cason has voting and investment power over the shares this selling stockholder beneficially owns.

(15)

Mark Wilson has voting and investment power over the shares this selling stockholder beneficially owns.

(16)

CBRE Melody of Texas, L.P. is an affiliate of CB Richard Ellis, Inc. Includes 1,100,000 shares of our common stock purchased in our June 2005 private offering, and 300,000 restricted shares of common stock and options to purchase 500,000 shares of our common stock granted by us to our Manager and subsequently allocated by our Manager to this selling stockholder. Investment decisions with respect to these shares are made by Brett White, Michael J. Melody, Brian Stoffers and Bill R. Frazer.

(17)

Christopher William Battistini is an employee of our Manager. Includes 35,500 restricted shares of our common stock and options to purchase 9,000 shares of our common stock.

(18)

Jeffrey S. Pion has voting and investment power over the shares this selling stockholder beneficially owns.

(19)

Anthony William Cuccio has voting and investment power over the shares this selling stockholder beneficially owns.

(20)

David A. Smith and Jennifer L. Smith share voting and investment power over the shares this selling stockholder beneficially owns.

(21)

David Dorros was our former executive vice president. Includes 10,000 shares of common stock purchased in our June 2005 private offering, and 9,900 restricted shares of our common stock and options to purchase 17,600 shares of our common stock.

(22)

David P. Marks is a member of our board of directors. Includes 667 restricted shares of our common stock granted by us.

(23)

Diana M. True has voting and investment power over the shares this selling stockholder beneficially owns.

(24)

Dividend Capital Investments LLC is the investment manager of this selling stockholder and consequently has voting control and investment discretion over the shares held by this selling stockholder. Glenn Mueller, Charles Song, Amitabh Godha, Karen Kulvin and Jeffrey Taylor are members of the investment committee of Dividend Capital Investments LLC.

(25)

Douglas C. Eby is a member of our board of directors. Includes 60,000 shares of our common stock purchased in our June 2005 private offering and 667 restricted shares of our common stock granted by us.

(26)

Nelson Woodard, on behalf of Dreman Value Management, L.L.C., the investment manager of this selling stockholder, has voting and investment power over the shares this selling stockholder beneficially owns.

(27)

Oscar Belaiche, on behalf of Goodman & Company, Investment Counsel, the investment manager of this selling stockholder, has voting and investment power over the shares this selling stockholder beneficially owns.

(28)

F. Terry Eger and Carol E. Eger share voting and investment power over the shares this selling stockholder beneficially owns.

(29)

Private Trust Corp. Ltd. is the trustee of this selling stockholder and consequently has voting control and investment discretion over the shares held by this selling stockholder. Adrian Crosbie-Jones is the director of Private Trust Corp. Ltd.

(30)

Geraldine Marchessault is an employee of our Manager. Includes 23,500 restricted shares of our common stock and options to purchase 7,000 shares of our common stock.

(31)

Howard J. Goodman has voting and investment power over the shares this selling stockholder beneficially owns.

(32)

Richard Kayne, on behalf of Kayne Anderson Investment Management, Inc., the investment manager of this selling stockholder, has voting and investment power over the shares this selling stockholder beneficially owns.

(33)

Thomas J. Podgorski serves as one of our executive vice presidents. Includes 49,700 restricted shares of our common stock and options to purchase 26,400 shares of our common stock.

(34)

Includes 2,667 restricted shares of our common stock.

(35)

James Evans was our former executive vice president. Includes 8,350 shares of our common stock purchased in our June 2005 private offering, and 11,450 restricted shares of our common stock and options to purchase 26,400 shares of our common stock.

 

15


Table of Contents

(36)

James R. Lagasse is an employee of our Manager. Includes 27,917 restricted shares of our common stock and options to purchase 11,667 shares of our common stock.

(37)

Jeffrey Scott Barrett has voting and investment power over the shares this selling stockholder beneficially owns.

(38)

Mark Johansen has voting and investment power over the shares this selling stockholder beneficially owns.

(39)

Gerald Cramer, the managing member of this selling stockholder, voting and investment power over the shares this selling stockholder beneficially owns.

(40)

Keith Gollenberg was our former chief executive officer, president and director. Includes 11,700 shares of our common stock purchased in our June 2005 private offering, and 37,620 restricted shares of our common stock and options to purchase 33,000 shares of our common stock.

(41)

Steve Hurst has voting and investment power over the shares this selling stockholder beneficially owns.

(42)

Jane Su, the general partner of this selling stockholder, has voting and investment power over the shares this selling stockholder beneficially owns.

(43)

Lawrence D. Chesler and Jacqueline L. Chesler share voting and investment power over the shares this selling stockholder beneficially owns.

(44)

Lawrence J. Melody is the chairman of CBRE/Melody. Includes 68,333 shares of our common stock purchased in our June 2005 private offering, and 21,420 restricted shares of our common stock and options to purchase 35,700 shares of our common stock.

(45)

Lindsey Cenci is an employee of our Manager. Includes 2,500 restricted shares of our common stock and options to purchase 4,050 shares of our common stock.

(46)

Federic V. Malek, the managing member of this selling stockholder, has voting and investment power over the shares this selling stockholder beneficially owns. Mr. Malek also serves as a member of the board of directors of CB Richard Ellis, Inc.

(47)

David McFadzean and Elizabeth McFadzean share voting and investment power over the shares this selling stockholder beneficially owns.

(48)

Michael A. Angerthal serves as our chief financial officer and treasurer. Includes 46,667 restricted shares of our common stock and options to purchase 25,000 shares of our common stock.

(49)

Michael J. Melody serves as the vice chairman of CBRE/Melody, executive managing director of our Manager and a member of our board of directors. Includes 41,667 shares of our common stock purchased in our June 2005 private offering, and 21,420 restricted shares of our common stock and options to purchase 35,700 shares of our common stock.

(50)

Michael Lance Ornstein has voting and investment power over the shares this selling stockholder beneficially owns.

(51)

Millennium Management, LLC is the investment manager of this selling stockholder and consequently has voting control and investment discretion over the shares held by this selling stockholder. Israel A. Englander is the managing member of Millennium Management, LLC.

(52)

Nando G. Parete is an employee of our Manager. Includes 25,500 restricted shares of our common stock and options to purchase 9,000 shares of our common stock.

(53)

Larry Bannister has voting and investment power over the shares this selling stockholder beneficially owns.

(54)

Pasha Zargaroff is the vice president and assistant general counsel of CB Richard Ellis, Inc.

(55)

Patricia Jennings has voting and investment power over the shares this selling stockholder beneficially owns.

(56)

Patrick E. O’Reilly has voting and investment power over the shares this selling stockholder beneficially owns.

(57)

Paul Martin serves as one of our executive vice presidents. Includes 29,700 restricted shares of common stock and options to purchase 26,400 shares of our common stock.

(58)

Chance Vought has voting and investment power over the shares this selling stockholder beneficially owns.

(59)

Ricardo Koenigsberger is a member of our board of directors. Includes 667 restricted shares of our common stock granted by us.

(60)

Ross Mitchell, the general partner of this selling stockholder, has voting and investment power over the shares this selling stockholder beneficially owns

 

16


Table of Contents

(61)

Robert D. Selleck II has voting and investment power over the shares this selling stockholder beneficially owns.

(62)

Robert W. Peters and Carolyn H. Peters share voting and investment power over the shares this selling stockholder beneficially owns.

(63)

Ryan C. O’Reilly has voting and investment power over the shares this selling stockholder beneficially owns.

(64)

SAB Capital Management, L.P. is the investment manager of this selling stockholder and consequently has voting control and investment discretion over the shares held by this selling stockholder. Scott A. Bommer is the managing member of SAB Capital Management, L.L.C., the general partner of SAB Capital Management, L.P.

(65)

Sarah S. Ryalls is an employee of our Manager. Includes 4,000 restricted shares of our common stock and options to purchase 4,500 shares of our common stock.

(66)

Rockbay Capital management, LP is the investment manager of this selling stockholder and consequently has voting control

(67)

Richard G. Schneider has voting and investment power over the shares this selling stockholder beneficially owns.

(68)

Includes 3,250 restricted shares of our common stock and options to purchase 2,667 shares of our common stock.

(69)

Susan Mitchell, the general partner of this selling stockholder, has voting and investment power over the shares this selling stockholder beneficially owns.

(70)

Barden Gale and Peter Madden, on behalf of ABP Investments US, Inc., the investment manager of this selling stockholder, have voting and investment power over the shares this selling stockholder beneficially owns.

(71)

Brian Stoffers and Kathryn Stoffers share voting and investment power over the shares this selling stockholder beneficially owns. Brian Stoffers is an executive officer of our Manager. Includes 35,000 shares of our common stock purchased in our June 2005 private offering, 21,420 restricted shares of our common stock and options to purchase 35,700 shares of our common stock.

(72)

Susan D. Morrison has voting and investment power over the shares this selling stockholder beneficially owns.

(73)

Charles S. Syers, the general partner of this selling stockholder, has voting and investment power over the shares this selling stockholder beneficially owns.

(74)

J. David Rogers, on behalf of JD Capital Management, Inc., the investment manager of this selling stockholder, has voting and investment power over the shares this selling stockholders beneficially owns.

(75)

Lynda S. McMillen has voting and investment power over the shares this selling stockholder beneficially owns.

(76)

Ray Wirta has voting and investment power over the shares this selling stockholder beneficially owns. Ray Wirta serves as the chairman of our board of directors and was our former interim chief executive officer and president.

(77)

Thomas James Melody is an executive officer of CBRE/Melody. Includes 35,000 shares of our common stock purchased in our June 2005 private offering, 21,420 restricted shares of our common stock and options to purchase 35,700 shares of our common stock.

(78)

Thomas Owen Fish is an employee of CBRE/Melody. Includes 13,334 shares of our common stock purchased in our June 2005 private offering, 8,160 restricted shares of our common stock and options to purchase 13,600 shares of our common stock.

(79)

Hans Erickson, Drew Collins and Edward Grzybowski, on behalf of Teachers Advisors, Inc., the investment manager of this selling stockholder, have voting and investment power over the shares this selling stockholders beneficially owns.

(80)

Vincent Costantini is a member of our board of directors. Includes 3,000 shares of our common stock purchased in our June 2005 private offering and 667 restricted shares of our common stock granted by us.

(81)

Warren H. Judd and Myra Judd share voting and investment power over the shares this selling stockholder beneficially owns.

(82)

Richard Shuster and Daniel Vandivort, on behalf of Robeco USA, LLC, the investment manager of this selling stockholder, have voting and investment power over the shares this selling stockholder beneficially owns.

(83)

David Roush and Christina Roush share voting and investment power over the shares this selling stockholder beneficially owns.

 

17


Table of Contents

(84)

Duilio Ramallo has voting and investment power over the shares this selling stockholder beneficially owns.

 

(85)

Includes 1,333 restricted shares of our common stock and options to purchase 1,001 shares of our common stock.

 

(86)

Includes options to purchase 250 shares of our common stock.

 

(87)

Includes 2,167 restricted shares of our common stock.

 

(88)

Douglas C. Eby, a member of our board of directors and the portfolio manager of this selling stockholder, has voting and investment power over these shares this selling stockholder beneficially owns.

 

(89)

Includes options to purchase 2,000 shares of our common stock.

 

(90)

Adria Dewitt is an employee of our Manager. Includes 200 restricted shares of our common stock and options to purchase 2,500 shares of our common stock.

 

(91)

Brian Baummer is an employee of our Manager. Includes options to purchase 3,000 shares of our common stock.

 

(92)

Brian Callahan is an employee of our Manager. Includes options to purchase 3,000 shares of our common stock.

 

(93)

Brian Flood is an employee of our Manager. Includes 10,750 restricted shares of our common stock.

 

(94)

Brian Smith is an employee of our Manager. Includes 10,500 restricted shares of our common stock and options to purchase 4,000 shares of our common stock.

 

(95)

Carl Bristol is an employee of our Manager. Includes 6,500 restricted shares of our common stock and options to purchase 9,000 shares of our common stock.

 

(96)

Celia Dondes is an employee of our Manager. Includes options to purchase 5,000 shares of our common stock.

 

(97)

Cheryl Chard is an employee of our Manager. Includes 2,750 restricted shares of our common stock and options to purchase 4,000 shares of our common stock.

 

(98)

Daniel Farr is an employee of our Manager. Includes 21,000 restricted shares of our common stock and options to purchase 5,000 shares of our common stock.

 

(99)

David Flynn is an employee of our Manager. Includes 250 restricted shares of our common stock and options to purchase 3,000 shares of our common stock.

 

(100)

Joseph Charneski is an employee of our Manager. Includes 6,500 restricted shares of our common stock and options to purchase 9,000 shares of our common stock.

 

(101)

Includes 1,500 restricted shares of our common stock and options to purchase 667 shares of our common stock.

 

(102)

Meghan Rich is an employee of our Manager. Includes 5,300 restricted shares of our common stock.

 

(103)

Ryan Murray is an employee of our Manager. Includes 10,000 restricted shares of our common stock.

 

(104)

Susan M. Orr is an employee of our Manager. Includes 15,000 restricted shares of our common stock.

 

(105)

Steven Edwards is an employee of our Manager. Includes 2,750 restricted shares of our common stock and options to purchase 4,000 shares of our common stock.

 

(106)

Tonya Harvey is an employee of our Manager. Includes 1,000 restricted shares of our common stock and options to purchase 3,000 shares of our common stock.

 

(107)

Kenneth J. Witkin serves as our president and chief executive officer. Includes 75,000 restricted shares of our common stock and options to purchase 24,000 shares of our common stock.

To our knowledge, except as indicated above, the selling stockholders do not have, and have not had since our inception, any position, office or other material relationship with us or any of our predecessors or affiliates other than as a result of the ownership of the shares covered by this prospectus. The selling stockholders identified above may have sold, transferred or otherwise disposed of all or a portion of their securities since the date on which they provided the information regarding their securities, in transactions exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act.

 

18


Table of Contents

DESCRIPTION OF COMMON STOCK

The following description of the terms of our common stock is only a summary. This description is subject to, and qualified in its entirety by reference to, our charter and bylaws, each of which has previously been filed with the SEC and which we incorporate by reference as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, and the Maryland General Corporation Law, or MGCL.

General

Our charter provides that we may issue up to 100,000,000 shares of common stock, having par value $0.01 per share. As of March 31, 2008, 30,920,225 shares of common stock were issued and outstanding. Our board of directors, with the approval of a majority of the entire board and without any action on the part of our stockholders, may amend our charter from time to time to increase or decrease the aggregate number of shares of stock or the number of shares of stock of any class or series that we have authority to issue. Under Maryland law, our stockholders are not personally liable for our debts and obligations solely as a result of their status as stockholders.

Common Stock

All shares of our common stock offered hereby have equal rights as to earnings, assets, dividends and voting and will be duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable. Distributions may be paid to the holders of our common stock if, as and when authorized by our board of directors and declared by us out of funds legally available therefor. Shares of our common stock have no preemptive, appraisal, preferential exchange, conversion or redemption rights and are freely transferable, except where their transfer is restricted by federal and state securities laws, by contract or by the restrictions in our charter. In the event of our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, each share of our common stock would be entitled to share ratably in all of our assets that are legally available for distribution after payment of or adequate provision for all of our known debts and other liabilities and subject to any preferential rights of holders of our preferred stock, if any preferred stock is outstanding at such time. Subject to our charter restrictions on the transfer and ownership of our stock and except as may otherwise be specified in the terms of any class or series of common stock, each share of our common stock entitles the holder to one vote on all matters submitted to a vote of stockholders, including the election of directors. Except as provided with respect to any other class or series of stock, the holders of our common stock will possess exclusive voting power. There is no cumulative voting in the election of directors, which means that holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of common stock can elect all of our directors, and holders of less than a majority of such shares will be unable to elect any director.

Power to Reclassify Shares of Our Stock

Our charter authorizes our board of directors to classify and reclassify any unissued shares of stock into other classes or series of stock. Prior to issuance of shares of each class or series, the board of directors is required by Maryland law and by our charter to set, subject to our charter restrictions on the transfer and ownership of our stock, the terms, preferences, conversion or other rights, voting powers, restrictions, limitations as to dividends or other distributions, qualifications and terms or conditions of redemption for each class or series. Thus, the board of directors could authorize the issuance of shares of common stock with terms and conditions which could have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a transaction or a change in control that might involve a premium price for holders of our common stock or otherwise be in their best interests.

Power to Issue Additional Shares of Common Stock and Preferred Stock

We believe that the power of our board of directors to amend the charter without stockholder approval to increase the total number of authorized shares of our stock or any class or series of our stock, to issue additional authorized but unissued shares of our common stock and to classify or reclassify unissued shares of our common stock and thereafter to cause us to issue such classified or reclassified shares of stock will provide us with increased flexibility in structuring possible future financings and acquisitions and in meeting other needs which might arise. The additional classes or series, as well as our common stock, will be available for issuance without further action by our stockholders, unless stockholder action is required by applicable law or the rules of any stock exchange or automated quotation system on which our securities may be listed or traded. Although our board of directors has no intention at the present time of doing so, it could authorize us to issue a class or series that could, depending upon the terms of such class or series, delay, defer or prevent a transaction or a change in control of us that might involve a premium price for holders of our common stock or otherwise be in their best interests.

 

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Restrictions on Ownership and Transfer

Our charter, subject to certain exceptions, contains restrictions on the number of shares of our capital stock that a person may own and may prohibit certain entities from owning our shares. Our charter provides that (subject to certain exceptions described below) no person may own, or be deemed to own by virtue of the attribution provisions of the Internal Revenue Code, more than 9.8% by number or value, whichever is more restrictive, of our outstanding shares of common stock or more than 9.8% by number or value, whichever is more restrictive, of the outstanding shares of any class or series of our capital stock, subject to important exceptions.

Our charter also prohibits any person from (i) beneficially or constructively owning shares of our capital stock that would result in our being “closely held” under Section 856(h) of the Internal Revenue Code or otherwise cause us to fail to qualify as a REIT and (ii) transferring shares of our capital stock if such transfer would result in our capital stock being owned by fewer than 100 persons. Any person who acquires or attempts or intends to acquire beneficial or constructive ownership of shares of our capital stock that will or may violate any of the foregoing restrictions on transferability and ownership, or who is the intended transferee of shares of our stock which are transferred to the trust (as described below), will be required to give notice immediately to us and provide us with such other information as we may request in order to determine the effect of such transfer on our qualification as a REIT. The foregoing restrictions on transferability and ownership will not apply if our board of directors determines that it is no longer in our best interests to attempt to qualify, or to continue to qualify, as a REIT.

Our board of directors, in its sole discretion, may exempt a person from the 9.8% ownership limits. The person seeking an exemption must provide to our board of directors such representations, covenants and undertakings as our board of directors may deem appropriate in order to conclude that granting the exemption will not cause us to lose our qualification as a REIT. Our board of directors may also require a ruling from the IRS or an opinion of counsel in order to determine or ensure our qualification as a REIT.

Any attempted transfer of our stock which would, if effective, result in our capital stock being owned by fewer than 100 persons will be void ab initio and the intended transferee will acquire no rights in such shares. Any attempted transfer of our stock which, if effective, would result in a violation of the 9.8% ownership limits described above or in us being “closely held” under Section 856(h) of the Internal Revenue Code or otherwise failing to qualify as a REIT will cause the number of shares causing the violation (rounded to the nearest whole share) to be automatically transferred to a trust for the exclusive benefit of one or more charitable beneficiaries, and the proposed transferee will not acquire any rights in such shares. The automatic transfer will be deemed to be effective as of the close of business on the business day (as defined in our charter) prior to the date of the transfer. If, for any reason, the transfer to the trust does not occur, our charter provides that the purported transfer in violation of the restrictions will be void ab initio. Shares of our stock held in the trust will be issued and outstanding shares. The proposed transferee will not benefit economically from ownership of any shares of stock held in the trust, will have no rights to dividends and no rights to vote or other rights attributable to the shares of stock held in the trust. The trustee of the trust will have all voting rights and rights to dividends or other distributions with respect to shares held in the trust. These rights will be exercised for the exclusive benefit of the charitable beneficiary. Any dividend or other distribution paid prior to our discovery that shares of stock have been transferred to the trust will be paid by the recipient to the trustee upon demand. Any dividend or other distribution authorized but unpaid will be paid when due to the trustee. Any dividend or distribution paid to the trustee will be held in trust for the charitable beneficiary. Subject to Maryland law, the trustee will have the authority (i) to rescind as void any vote cast by the proposed transferee prior to our discovery that the shares have been transferred to the trust and (ii) to recast the vote in accordance with the desires of the trustee acting for the benefit of the charitable beneficiary. However, if we have already taken irreversible corporate action, then the trustee will not have the authority to rescind and recast the vote.

Within 20 days of receiving notice from us that shares of our stock have been transferred to the trust, the trustee will sell the shares to a person designated by the trustee, whose ownership of the shares will not violate the above ownership limitations. Upon such sale, the interest of the charitable beneficiary in the shares sold will terminate and the trustee will distribute the net proceeds of the sale to the proposed transferee and to the charitable beneficiary as follows. The proposed transferee will receive the lesser of (i) the price paid by the proposed transferee for the shares or, if the proposed transferee did not give value for the shares in connection with the event causing the shares to be held in the trust (e.g., a gift, devise or other similar transaction), the market price (as defined in our charter) of the shares on the day of the event causing the shares to be held in the trust and (ii) the price received by the trustee from the sale or other disposition of the shares. Any net sale proceeds in excess of the amount payable to the proposed transferee will be paid immediately to the charitable beneficiary. If, prior to our discovery that shares of our stock have been transferred to the trust, the shares are sold by the proposed transferee, then (i) the shares shall be deemed to have been sold on behalf of the trust and (ii) to the extent that the proposed transferee received an amount for the shares that exceeds the amount the proposed transferee was entitled to receive, the excess shall be paid to the trustee upon demand.

In addition, shares of our stock held in the trust will be deemed to have been offered for sale to us, or our designee, at a

 

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price per share equal to the lesser of (i) the price per share in the transaction that resulted in the transfer to the trust (or, in the case of a devise or gift, the market price at the time of the devise or gift) and (ii) the market price on the date we, or our designee, accept the offer. We will have the right to accept the offer until the trustee has sold the shares. Upon a sale to us, the interest of the charitable beneficiary in the shares sold will terminate and the trustee will distribute the net proceeds of the sale to the proposed transferee.

All certificates representing shares of our capital stock will bear a legend referring to the restrictions described above.

Every owner of more than 5% (or such lower percentage as required by the Internal Revenue Code or the regulations promulgated thereunder) of all classes or series of our stock, including shares of common stock, within 30 days after the end of each taxable year, will be required to give written notice to us stating the name and address of such owner, the number of shares of each class and series of shares of our stock which the owner beneficially owns and a description of the manner in which the shares are held. Each owner shall provide to us such additional information as we may request in order to determine the effect, if any, of the beneficial ownership on our qualification as a REIT and to ensure compliance with the ownership limitations. In addition, each such owner shall upon demand be required to provide to us such information as we may request, in good faith, in order to determine our qualification as a REIT and to comply with the requirements of any taxing authority or governmental authority or to determine such compliance.

These ownership limitations could delay, defer or prevent a transaction or a change in control that might involve a premium price for the common stock or might otherwise be in the best interests of our stockholders.

Transfer Agent and Registrar

The transfer agent and registrar for the common stock is American Stock Transfer & Trust Company.

 

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CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF MARYLAND GENERAL CORPORATION LAW AND OF OUR CHARTER AND BYLAWS

The following summary of certain provisions of Maryland law and our charter and bylaws contains the material terms of our charter and our bylaws and is subject to, and qualified in its entirety by, reference to Maryland law and to our charter and our bylaws.

The MGCL and our charter and bylaws contain provisions that could make it more difficult for a potential acquiror to acquire us by means of a tender offer, proxy contest or otherwise. These provisions are expected to discourage certain coercive takeover practices and inadequate takeover bids and to encourage persons seeking to acquire control of us to negotiate first with our board of directors. We believe that the benefits of these provisions outweigh the potential disadvantages of discouraging any such acquisition proposals because, among other things, the negotiation of such proposals may improve their terms.

Number of Directors; Vacancies; Removal

Our charter provides that the number of directors will be set only by the board of directors in accordance with our bylaws. Our bylaws provide that a majority of our entire board of directors may at any time increase or decrease the number of directors. However, unless our bylaws are amended, the number of directors may never be less than the minimum number required by the MGCL nor more than fifteen (15). Except as may be provided by the board of directors in setting the terms of any class or series of stock, any and all vacancies on the board of directors may be filled only by the affirmative vote of a majority of the remaining directors in office, even if the remaining directors do not constitute a quorum, and any director elected to fill a vacancy will serve for the remainder of the full term of the directorship in which the vacancy occurred and until a successor is duly elected and qualifies.

Our charter provides that a director may be removed only for cause, which means conviction of a felony or a final judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction holding that such director caused demonstrable, material harm to us through bad faith or active and deliberate dishonesty, and then only by the affirmative vote of at least two-thirds of the votes entitled to be cast in the election of directors.

Actions by Stockholders

Under the MGCL, stockholder action can be taken only at an annual or special meeting of stockholders or by unanimous written or electronic consent in lieu of a meeting (unless the charter provides for a lesser percentage, which our charter does not). These provisions, combined with the requirements of our bylaws regarding the calling of a stockholder-requested special meeting of stockholders discussed below, may have the effect of delaying consideration of a stockholder proposal until the next annual meeting.

Advance Notice Provisions for Stockholder Nominations and Stockholder Proposals

Our bylaws provide that with respect to an annual meeting of stockholders, nominations of individuals for election to the board of directors and the proposal of business to be considered by stockholders may be made only (i) pursuant to our notice of the meeting, (ii) by the board of directors or (iii) by a stockholder who was a stockholder of record both at the time of giving of notice by such stockholder as provided for in our bylaws and at the time of the annual meeting and who is entitled to vote at the meeting and who has complied with the advance notice procedures of the bylaws. With respect to special meetings of stockholders, only the business specified in our notice of the meeting may be brought before the meeting. Nominations of individuals for election to the board of directors at a special meeting may be made only (i) pursuant to our notice of the meeting, (ii) by the board of directors or (iii) provided that the board of directors has determined that directors will be elected at the meeting, by a stockholder who was a stockholder of record both at the time of giving of notice by such stockholder as provided for in our bylaws and at the time of the annual meeting and who is entitled to vote at the meeting and who has complied with the advance notice provisions of the bylaws.

The purpose of requiring stockholders to give us advance notice of nominations and other business is to afford our board of directors a meaningful opportunity to consider the qualifications of the proposed nominees and the advisability of any other proposed business and, to the extent deemed necessary or desirable by our board of directors, to inform stockholders and make recommendations about such qualifications or business, as well as to provide a more orderly procedure for conducting meetings of stockholders. Although our bylaws do not give our board of directors any power to disapprove stockholder nominations for the election of directors or proposals recommending certain action, they may have the effect of precluding a contest for the election of directors or the consideration of stockholder proposals if proper procedures are not followed and of discouraging or deterring a third party from conducting a solicitation of proxies to elect its own slate of directors or to approve its own proposal without regard to whether consideration of such nominees or proposals might be harmful or beneficial to us and our stockholders.

 

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Calling Special Meetings of Stockholders

Our bylaws provide that special meetings of stockholders may be called by our board of directors and certain of our officers. Additionally, our bylaws provide that, subject to the satisfaction of certain procedural and informational requirements by the stockholders requesting the meeting, a special meeting of stockholders shall be called by the secretary of the corporation upon the written request of stockholders entitled to cast not less than a majority of all the votes entitled to be cast at such meeting.

Approval of Extraordinary Corporate Action; Amendment of Charter and Bylaws

Under Maryland law, a Maryland corporation generally cannot dissolve, amend its charter, merge, sell all or substantially all of its assets, engage in a share exchange or engage in similar transactions outside the ordinary course of business, unless approved by the affirmative vote of stockholders entitled to cast at least two-thirds of the votes entitled to be cast on the matter. However, a Maryland corporation may provide in its charter for approval of these matters by a lesser percentage, but not less than a majority of all of the votes entitled to be cast on the matter. Our charter, with certain exceptions, generally provides for approval of charter amendments and extraordinary transactions, which have been first declared advisable by our board of directors, by the stockholders entitled to cast at least a majority of the votes entitled to be cast on the matter.

Our bylaws provide that the board of directors will have the exclusive power to adopt, alter or repeal any provision of our bylaws and to make new bylaws.

No Appraisal Rights

As permitted by the MGCL, our charter provides that stockholders will not be entitled to exercise appraisal rights unless a majority of our board of directors determines that such rights will apply.

Control Share Acquisitions

The Maryland Control Share Acquisition Act provides that control shares of a Maryland corporation acquired in a control share acquisition have no voting rights except to the extent approved by a vote of two-thirds of the votes entitled to be cast on the matter. Shares owned by the acquiror, by officers or by employees who are directors of the corporation are excluded from shares entitled to vote on the matter. Control shares are voting shares of stock which, if aggregated with all other shares of stock owned by the acquiror or in respect of which the acquiror is able to exercise or direct the exercise of voting power (except solely by virtue of a revocable proxy), would entitle the acquiror to exercise voting power in electing directors within one of the following ranges of voting power:

 

   

one-tenth or more but less than one-third;

 

   

one-third or more but less than a majority; or

 

   

a majority or more of all voting power.

Control shares do not include shares the acquiring person is then entitled to vote as a result of having previously obtained stockholder approval. A control share acquisition means the acquisition of control shares, subject to certain exceptions.

A person who has made or proposes to make a control share acquisition may compel the board of directors of the corporation to call a special meeting of stockholders to be held within 50 days of demand to consider the voting rights of the shares. The right to compel the calling of a special meeting is subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions, including an undertaking to pay the expenses of the meeting. If no request for a meeting is made, the corporation may itself present the question at any stockholders meeting.

If voting rights are not approved at the meeting or if the acquiring person does not deliver an acquiring person statement as required by the statute, then the corporation may repurchase for fair value any or all of the control shares, except those for which voting rights have previously been approved. The right of the corporation to repurchase control shares is subject to certain conditions and limitations. Fair value is determined, without regard to the absence of voting rights for the control shares, as of the date of the last control share acquisition by the acquiror or of any meeting of stockholders at which the voting rights of the shares are considered and not approved. If voting rights for control shares are approved at a stockholders meeting and the acquiror becomes entitled to vote a majority of the shares entitled to vote, all other stockholders may exercise appraisal rights. The fair value of the shares as determined for purposes of appraisal rights may not be less than the highest price per share paid by the acquiror in the control share acquisition.

 

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The Control Share Acquisition Act does not apply (a) to shares acquired in a merger, consolidation or share exchange if the corporation is a party to the transaction or (b) to acquisitions approved or exempted by the charter or bylaws of the corporation.

Our bylaws contain a provision exempting from the Control Share Acquisition Act any and all acquisitions by any person of our shares of stock. There can be no assurance that such provision will not be amended or eliminated at any time in the future. However, we will amend our bylaws to be subject to the Control Share Acquisition Act only if the board of directors determines that it would be in our best interests.

Business Combinations

Under Maryland law, “business combinations” between a Maryland corporation and an interested stockholder or an affiliate of an interested stockholder are prohibited for five years after the most recent date on which the interested stockholder becomes an interested stockholder. These business combinations include a merger, consolidation, share exchange, or, in circumstances specified in the statute, an asset transfer or issuance or reclassification of equity securities. An interested stockholder is defined as:

 

   

any person who beneficially owns 10% or more of the voting power of the corporation’s shares; or

 

   

an affiliate or associate of the corporation who, at any time within the two-year period prior to the date in question, was the beneficial owner of 10% or more of the voting power of the then outstanding voting stock of the corporation.

A person is not an interested stockholder under the statute if the board of directors approved in advance the transaction by which he or she otherwise would have become an interested stockholder. However, in approving a transaction, the board of directors may provide that its approval is subject to compliance, at or after the time of approval, with any terms and conditions determined by the board.

After the five-year prohibition, any business combination between the corporation and an interested stockholder generally must be recommended by the board of directors of the corporation and approved by the affirmative vote of at least:

 

   

80% of the votes entitled to be cast by holders of outstanding shares of voting stock of the corporation; and

 

   

two-thirds of the votes entitled to be cast by holders of voting stock of the corporation other than shares held by the interested stockholder with whom or with whose affiliate the business combination is to be effected or held by an affiliate or associate of the interested stockholder.

These super-majority vote requirements do not apply if the corporation’s common stockholders receive a minimum price, as defined under Maryland law, for their shares in the form of cash or other consideration in the same form as previously paid by the interested stockholder for its shares.

The statute permits various exemptions from its provisions, including business combinations that are exempted by the board of directors before the time that the interested stockholder becomes an interested stockholder. Our board of directors has adopted a resolution which provides that any business combination between us and any other person is exempted from the provisions of the Business Combination Act, provided that the business combination is first approved by the board of directors. This resolution, however, may be altered or repealed in whole or in part at any time. If this resolution is repealed, or the board of directors does not otherwise approve a business combination, the statute may discourage others from trying to acquire control of us and increase the difficulty of consummating any offer.

Subtitle 8

Subtitle 8 of Title 3 of the MGCL permits a Maryland corporation with a class of equity securities registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and at least three independent directors to elect to be subject, by provision in its charter or bylaws or a resolution of its board of directors and notwithstanding any contrary provision in the charter or bylaws, to any or all of five provisions:

 

   

a classified board;

 

   

a two-thirds stockholder vote requirement for removing a director;

 

   

a requirement that the number of directors be fixed only by vote of the directors;

 

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a requirement that a vacancy on the board be filled only by the remaining directors and for the remainder of the full term of the class of directors in which the vacancy occurred; and

 

   

a majority requirement for the calling of a special meeting of stockholders.

Through provisions in our charter and bylaws unrelated to Subtitle 8, we already (a) require a two-thirds stockholder vote for the removal of any director from the board, as well as require such removal be for cause (as defined in our charter), (b) unless called by our chairman of the board, our president, our chief executive officer or the board, require the request of holders of a majority of outstanding shares to call a special meeting and (c) vest in the board the exclusive power to fix the number of directorships. Pursuant to Subtitle 8, we have elected to provide in our charter that our board will have the exclusive power to fill vacancies on the board, by a vote of the remaining directors, and that such vacancies will be filled until the end of the term of the directorship in which the vacancy occurred.

 

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MATERIAL U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS

The following is a summary of the material U.S. federal income tax considerations relating to our qualification and taxation as a REIT and the acquisition, holding, and disposition of our common stock. For purposes of this section, under the heading “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations,” references to “the company,” “we,” “our” and “us” mean only CBRE Realty Finance, Inc. and not our subsidiaries or other lower-tier entities, except as otherwise indicated. This summary is based upon the Internal Revenue Code, the regulations promulgated by the U.S. Treasury Department, or the Treasury regulations, current administrative interpretations and practices of the IRS (including administrative interpretations and practices expressed in private letter rulings which are binding on the IRS only with respect to the particular taxpayers who requested and received those rulings) and judicial decisions, all as currently in effect and all of which are subject to differing interpretations or to change, possibly with retroactive effect. No assurance can be given that the IRS would not assert, or that a court would not sustain, a position contrary to any of the tax consequences described below. No advance ruling has been or will be sought from the IRS regarding any matter discussed in this summary. The summary is also based upon the assumption that the operation of the company, and of its subsidiaries and other lower-tier and affiliated entities, will, in each case, be in accordance with its applicable organizational documents or partnership agreement. This summary is for general information only, and does not purport to discuss all aspects of U.S. federal income taxation that may be important to a particular stockholder in light of its investment or tax circumstances or to stockholders subject to special tax rules, such as:

 

   

U.S. expatriates;

 

   

persons who mark-to-market our common stock;

 

   

subchapter S corporations;

 

   

U.S. stockholders (as defined below) whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar;

 

   

financial institutions;

 

   

insurance companies;

 

   

broker-dealers;

 

   

regulated investment companies, or RICs;

 

   

trusts and estates;

 

   

holders who receive our common stock through the exercise of employee stock options or otherwise as compensation;

 

   

persons holding our common stock as part of a “straddle,” “hedge,” “conversion transaction,” “synthetic security” or other integrated investment;

 

   

persons subject to the alternative minimum tax provisions of the Internal Revenue Code;

 

   

persons holding their interest through a partnership or similar pass-through entity;

 

   

persons holding a 10% or more (by vote or value) beneficial interest in us; and, except to the extent discussed below:

 

   

tax-exempt organizations; and

 

   

non-U.S. stockholders (as defined below).

This summary assumes that stockholders will hold our common stock as capital assets, which generally means as property held for investment.

THE U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX TREATMENT OF HOLDERS OF OUR COMMON STOCK DEPENDS IN SOME INSTANCES ON DETERMINATIONS OF FACT AND INTERPRETATIONS OF COMPLEX PROVISIONS OF

 

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U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX LAW FOR WHICH NO CLEAR PRECEDENT OR AUTHORITY MAY BE AVAILABLE. IN ADDITION, THE TAX CONSEQUENCES OF HOLDING OUR COMMON STOCK TO ANY PARTICULAR STOCKHOLDER WILL DEPEND ON THE STOCKHOLDER’S PARTICULAR TAX CIRCUMSTANCES. YOU ARE URGED TO CONSULT YOUR OWN TAX ADVISOR REGARDING THE U.S. FEDERAL, STATE, LOCAL, AND FOREIGN INCOME AND OTHER TAX CONSEQUENCES TO YOU, IN LIGHT OF YOUR PARTICULAR INVESTMENT OR TAX CIRCUMSTANCES, OF ACQUIRING, HOLDING, AND DISPOSING OF OUR COMMON STOCK.

Taxation of the Company

We have elected to be taxed as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code, commencing with our initial taxable year ended December 31, 2005. We believe that we have been organized and have operated in a manner that allows us to qualify for taxation as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code commencing with our taxable year ended December 31, 2005, and we intend to continue to be organized and operate in such a manner.

The law firm of Clifford Chance US LLP has acted as our tax counsel in connection with the filing of this registration statement. We received the opinion of Clifford Chance US LLP to the effect that, commencing with our taxable year ended December 31, 2005, we have been organized and operated in conformity with the requirements for qualification and taxation as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code, and our proposed method of operation will enable us to continue to meet the requirements for qualification and taxation as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code. It must be emphasized that the opinion of Clifford Chance US LLP is based on various assumptions relating to our organization and operation, including that all factual representations and statements set forth in all relevant documents, records and instruments are true and correct, all actions described in this prospectus are completed in a timely fashion and that we will at all times operate in accordance with the method of operation described in our organizational documents and this prospectus, and is conditioned upon factual representations and covenants made by our management and affiliated entities, regarding our organization, assets, present and future conduct of our business operations, the fair market value of our investments and other items regarding our ability to meet the various requirements for qualification as a REIT, and assumes that such representations and covenants are accurate and complete and that we will take no action inconsistent with our qualification as a REIT. In addition, to the extent we invest in the equity of CDO transactions holding qualifying real estate assets, the accuracy of such opinion will depend upon the accuracy of certain other opinions rendered to us in connection with such securitization transactions. While we believe that we are organized and operated so that we qualify as a REIT, given the highly complex nature of the rules governing REITs, the ongoing importance of factual determinations and the possibility of future changes in our circumstances or applicable law, no assurance can be given by Clifford Chance US LLP or us that we so qualify for any particular year. Clifford Chance US LLP will have no obligation to advise us or the holders of our common stock of any subsequent change in the matters stated, represented or assumed or of any subsequent change in the applicable law. You should be aware that opinions of counsel are not binding on the IRS, and no assurance can be given that the IRS will not challenge the conclusions set forth in such opinions.

Qualification and taxation as a REIT depends on our ability to meet, on a continuing basis, through actual results of operations, distribution levels and diversity of stock ownership, various qualification requirements imposed upon REITs by the Internal Revenue Code, the compliance with which will not be reviewed by Clifford Chance US LLP. In addition, our ability to qualify as a REIT may depend in part upon the operating results, organizational structure and entity classification for U.S. federal income tax purposes of certain entities in which we invest, which could include entities that have made elections to be taxed as REITs, the qualification of which will not have been reviewed by Clifford Chance US LLP. Our ability to qualify as a REIT also requires that we satisfy certain asset and income tests, some of which depend upon the fair market values of assets directly or indirectly owned by us or which serve as security for loans made by us. Such values may not be susceptible to a precise determination. Accordingly, no assurance can be given that the actual results of our operations for any taxable year will satisfy the requirements for qualification and taxation as a REIT.

Taxation of REITs in General

As indicated above, qualification and taxation as a REIT depends upon our ability to meet, on a continuing basis, various qualification requirements imposed upon REITs by the Internal Revenue Code. The material qualification requirements are summarized below, under “—Requirements for Qualification—General.” While we intend to operate so that we qualify as a REIT, no assurance can be given that the IRS will not challenge our qualification as a REIT or that we will be able to operate in accordance with the REIT requirements in the future. See “—Failure to Qualify.”

Provided that we qualify as a REIT, we will generally be entitled to a deduction for dividends that we pay and, therefore, will not be subject to U.S. federal corporate income tax on our net income that is currently distributed to our stockholders. This treatment substantially eliminates the “double taxation” at the corporate and stockholder levels that results generally from investment in a corporation. Rather, income generated by a REIT generally is taxed only at the stockholder level, upon a distribution of dividends by the REIT.

 

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For tax years through 2010, stockholders who are individual U.S. stockholders (as defined below) are generally taxed on corporate dividends at a maximum rate of 15% (the same as long-term capital gains), thereby substantially reducing, though not completely eliminating, the double taxation that has historically applied to corporate dividends. With limited exceptions, however, dividends received by individual U.S. stockholders (as defined below) from us or from other entities that are taxed as REITs will continue to be taxed at rates applicable to ordinary income, which will be as high as 35% through 2010.

Net operating losses, foreign tax credits and other tax attributes of a REIT generally do not pass through to the stockholders of the REIT, subject to special rules for certain items, such as capital gains, recognized by REITs. See “—Taxation of Taxable U.S. Stockholders.”

If we qualify as a REIT, we will nonetheless be subject to U.S. federal income tax in the following circumstances:

 

   

We will be taxed at regular corporate rates on any undistributed income, including undistributed net capital gains.

 

   

We may be subject to the “alternative minimum tax” on our items of tax preference, if any.

 

   

If we have net income from prohibited transactions, which are, in general, sales or other dispositions of property held primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of business, other than foreclosure property, such income will be subject to a 100% tax. See “—Prohibited Transactions” and “—Foreclosure Property” below.

 

   

If we elect to treat property that we acquire in connection with a foreclosure of a mortgage loan or from certain leasehold terminations as “foreclosure property,” we may thereby avoid (a) the 100% tax on gain from a resale of that property (if the sale would otherwise constitute a prohibited transaction) and (b) the inclusion of any income from such property not qualifying for purposes of the REIT gross income tests discussed below, but the income from the sale or operation of the property may be subject to corporate income tax at the highest applicable rate (currently 35%).

 

   

If we fail to satisfy the 75% gross income test or the 95% gross income test, as discussed below, but nonetheless maintain our qualification as a REIT because other requirements are met, we will be subject to a 100% tax on an amount equal to (a) the greater of (1) the amount by which we fail the 75% gross income test or (2) the amount by which we fail the 95% gross income test, as the case may be, multiplied by (b) a fraction intended to reflect our profitability.

 

   

If we fail to satisfy any of the REIT asset tests, as described below, other than a failure of the 5% or 10% REIT assets tests that do not exceed a statutory de minimis amount as described more fully below, but our failure is due to reasonable cause and not due to willful neglect and we nonetheless maintain our REIT qualification because of specified cure provisions, we will be required to pay a tax equal to the greater of $50,000 or the highest corporate tax rate (currently 35%) of the net income generated by the nonqualifying assets during the period in which we failed to satisfy the asset tests.

 

   

If we fail to satisfy any provision of the Internal Revenue Code that would result in our failure to qualify as a REIT (other than a gross income or asset test requirement) and the violation is due to reasonable cause, we may retain our REIT qualification but we will be required to pay a penalty of $50,000 for each such failure.

 

   

If we fail to distribute during each calendar year at least the sum of (a) 85% of our REIT ordinary income for such year, (b) 95% of our REIT capital gain net income for such year and (c) any undistributed taxable income from prior periods, or the “required distribution,” we will be subject to a 4% excise tax on the excess of the required distribution over the sum of (1) the amounts actually distributed (taking into account excess distributions from prior years), plus (2) retained amounts on which income tax is paid at the corporate level.

 

   

We may be required to pay monetary penalties to the IRS in certain circumstances, including if we fail to meet record-keeping requirements intended to monitor our compliance with rules relating to the composition of our stockholders, as described below in “—Requirements for Qualification—General.”

 

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A 100% excise tax may be imposed on some items of income and expense that are directly or constructively paid between us and our “taxable REIT subsidiaries,” or TRS (as described below), if and to the extent that the IRS successfully adjusts the reported amounts of these items.

 

   

If we acquire appreciated assets from a corporation that is not a REIT in a transaction in which the adjusted tax basis of the assets in our hands is determined by reference to the adjusted tax basis of the assets in the hands of the non-REIT corporation, we will be subject to tax on such appreciation at the highest corporate income tax rate then applicable if we subsequently recognize gain on a disposition of any such assets during the 10-year period following their acquisition from the non-REIT corporation. The results described in this paragraph assume that the non-REIT corporation will not elect, in lieu of this treatment, to be subject to an immediate tax when the asset is acquired by us.

 

   

We will generally be subject to tax on the portion of any excess inclusion income derived from an investment in residual interests in real estate mortgage investment conduits or REMICs to the extent our stock is held by specified tax-exempt organizations not subject to tax on unrelated business taxable income. Similar rules may apply if we own an equity interest in a taxable mortgage pool. To the extent that we own a REMIC residual interest or a taxable mortgage pool through a TRS, we will not be subject to this tax. For a discussion of “excess inclusion income,” see “—Effect of Subsidiary Entities,” “—Taxable Mortgage Pools” and “—Excess Inclusion Income.”

 

   

We may elect to retain and pay income tax on our net long-term capital gain. In that case, a stockholder would include its proportionate share of our undistributed long-term capital gain (to the extent we make a timely designation of such gain to the stockholder) in its income, would be deemed to have paid the tax that we paid on such gain, and would be allowed a credit for its proportionate share of the tax deemed to have been paid, and an adjustment would be made to increase the stockholder’s basis in our common stock.

 

   

We may have subsidiaries or own interests in other lower-tier entities that are subchapter C corporations, the earnings of which could be subject to U.S. federal corporate income tax.

In addition, we and our subsidiaries may be subject to a variety of taxes other than U.S. federal income tax, including payroll taxes and state, local, and foreign income, property and other taxes on assets and operations. As further described below, any TRS in which we own an interest, including CBRE Realty Finance TRS, Inc., will be subject to U.S. federal corporate income tax on its taxable income. We could also be subject to tax in situations and on transactions not presently contemplated.

Requirements for Qualification—General

The Internal Revenue Code defines a REIT as a corporation, trust or association:

 

  (1) that is managed by one or more trustees or directors;

 

  (2) the beneficial ownership of which is evidenced by transferable shares or by transferable certificates of beneficial interest;

 

  (3) that would be taxable as a domestic corporation but for the special Internal Revenue Code provisions applicable to REITs;

 

  (4) that is neither a financial institution nor an insurance company subject to specific provisions of the Internal Revenue Code;

 

  (5) the beneficial ownership of which is held by 100 or more persons;

 

  (6) in which, during the last half of each taxable year, not more than 50% in value of the outstanding stock is owned, directly or indirectly, by five or fewer “individuals” (as defined in the Internal Revenue Code to include specified entities);

 

  (7) which meets other tests described below, including with respect to the nature of its income and assets and the amount of its distributions; and

 

  (8) that makes an election to be a REIT for the current taxable year or has made such an election for a previous taxable year that has not been terminated or revoked.

 

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The Internal Revenue Code provides that conditions (1) through (4) must be met during the entire taxable year, and that condition (5) must be met during at least 335 days of a taxable year of 12 months, or during a proportionate part of a shorter taxable year. Conditions (5) and (6) do not need to be satisfied for the first taxable year for which an election to become a REIT has been made. Our charter provides restrictions regarding the ownership and transfer of its shares, which are intended to assist in satisfying the share ownership requirements described in conditions (5) and (6) above. For purposes of condition (6), an “individual” generally includes a supplemental unemployment compensation benefit plan, a private foundation or a portion of a trust permanently set aside or used exclusively for charitable purposes, but does not include a qualified pension plan or profit sharing trust.

To monitor compliance with the share ownership requirements, we are generally required to maintain records regarding the actual ownership of our shares. To do so, we must demand written statements each year from the record holders of significant percentages of our stock, in which the record holders are to disclose the actual owners of the shares, i.e., the persons required to include in gross income the dividends paid by us. A list of those persons failing or refusing to comply with this demand must be maintained as part of our records. Failure by us to comply with these record-keeping requirements could subject us to monetary penalties. If we satisfy these requirements and have no reason to know that condition (6) is not satisfied, we will be deemed to have satisfied such condition. A stockholder that fails or refuses to comply with the demand is required by Treasury regulations to submit a statement with its tax return disclosing the actual ownership of the shares and other information.

In addition, a corporation generally may not elect to become a REIT unless its taxable year is the calendar year. We satisfy this requirement.

With respect to a residual interest in a real estate mortgage investment conduit, or REMIC, the ownership of which is attributed to us or to a REIT in which we own an interest, we may be required to pay tax at the highest corporate rate on the amount of any excess inclusion income for the taxable year allocable to the percentage of our shares that are held by “disqualified organizations.” Similar rules apply if we own an equity interest in a taxable mortgage pool. To the extent that we own a REMIC residual interest or a taxable mortgage pool through TRS, we will not be required to pay this tax. For a definition of “excess inclusion income,” see “—Taxable Mortgage Pools.” A “disqualified organization” includes:

 

   

The U.S.;

 

   

Any state or political subdivision thereof;

 

   

Any foreign government;

 

   

Any international organization;

 

   

Any agency or instrumentality of any of the foregoing;

 

   

Any other tax-exempt organization, other than a farmer’s cooperative described in section 521 of the Internal Revenue Code, that is exempt both from income taxation and from taxation under the unrelated business taxable income provisions of the Internal Revenue Code; and

 

   

Any rural electrical or telephone cooperative.

For this reason, our charter generally will prohibit disqualified organizations from owning our shares.

Effect of Subsidiary Entities

Ownership of Partnership Interests. In the case of a REIT that is a partner in a partnership, Treasury regulations provide that the REIT is deemed to own its proportionate share of the partnership’s assets and to earn its proportionate share of the partnership’s gross income based on its pro rata share of capital interest in the partnership for purposes of the asset and gross income tests applicable to REITs, as described below. However, solely for purposes of the 10% value test, described below, the determination of a REIT’s interest in partnership assets will be based on the REIT’s proportionate interest in any securities issued by the partnership, excluding for these purposes, certain excluded securities as described in the Internal Revenue Code. In addition, the assets and gross income of the partnership generally are deemed to retain the same character in the hands of the REIT. Thus, our proportionate share of the assets and items of income of partnerships in which we own an

 

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equity interest is treated as assets and items of income of our company for purposes of applying the REIT requirements described below. Consequently, to the extent that we directly or indirectly hold a preferred or other equity interest in a partnership, the partnership’s assets and operations may affect our ability to qualify as a REIT, even though we may have no control or only limited influence over the partnership.

Disregarded Subsidiaries. If a REIT owns a corporate subsidiary that is a “qualified REIT subsidiary,” that subsidiary is disregarded for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and all assets, liabilities and items of income, deduction and credit of the subsidiary are treated as assets, liabilities and items of income, deduction and credit of the REIT itself, including for purposes of the gross income and asset tests applicable to REITs, as summarized below. A qualified REIT subsidiary is any corporation, other than a TRS (as described below), that is wholly-owned by a REIT, by other disregarded subsidiaries or by a combination of the two. Single member limited liability companies that are wholly-owned by a REIT are also generally disregarded as separate entities for U.S. federal income tax purposes, including for purposes of the REIT gross income and asset tests. Disregarded subsidiaries, along with partnerships in which we hold an equity interest, are sometimes referred to herein as “pass-through subsidiaries.”

In the event that a disregarded subsidiary ceases to be wholly-owned by us—for example, if any equity interest in the subsidiary is acquired by a person other than us or another disregarded subsidiary of us—the subsidiary’s separate existence would no longer be disregarded for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Instead, it would have multiple owners and would be treated as either a partnership or a taxable corporation. Such an event could, depending on the circumstances, adversely affect our ability to satisfy the various asset and gross income tests applicable to REITs, including the requirement that REITs generally may not own, directly or indirectly, more than 10% of the value or voting power of the outstanding securities of another corporation. See “—Asset Tests” and “—Gross Income Tests.”

Taxable REIT Subsidiaries. A REIT, in general, may jointly elect with a subsidiary corporation, whether or not wholly-owned, to treat the subsidiary corporation as a TRS. The separate existence of a TRS or other taxable corporation, unlike a disregarded subsidiary as discussed above, is not ignored for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Accordingly, such an entity would generally be subject to corporate income tax on its earnings, which may reduce the cash flow generated by us and our subsidiaries in the aggregate and our ability to make distributions to our stockholders.

A REIT is not treated as holding the assets of a TRS or other taxable subsidiary corporation or as receiving any income that the subsidiary earns. Rather, the stock issued by the subsidiary is an asset in the hands of the REIT, and the REIT generally recognizes as income the dividends, if any, that it receives from the subsidiary. This treatment can affect the gross income and asset test calculations that apply to the REIT, as described below. Because a parent REIT does not include the assets and income of such subsidiary corporations in determining the parent’s compliance with the REIT requirements, such entities may be used by the parent REIT to undertake indirectly activities that the REIT rules might otherwise preclude it from doing directly or through pass-through subsidiaries or render commercially unfeasible (for example, activities that give rise to certain categories of income such as nonqualifying hedging income or inventory sales). If dividends are paid to us by one or more of our TRSs then a portion of the dividends that we distribute to stockholders who are taxed at individual rates generally will be eligible for taxation at preferential qualified dividend income tax rates rather than at ordinary income rates. See “—Taxation of Taxable U.S. Stockholders” and “—Annual Distribution Requirements.”

Certain restrictions imposed on TRSs are intended to ensure that such entities will be subject to appropriate levels of U.S. federal income taxation. First, a TRS may not deduct interest payments made in any year to an affiliated REIT to the extent that such payments exceed, generally, 50% of the TRS’s adjusted taxable income for that year (although the TRS may carry forward to, and deduct in, a succeeding year the disallowed interest amount if the 50% test is satisfied in that year). In addition, if amounts are paid to a REIT or deducted by a TRS due to transactions between a REIT, its tenants and/or a TRS, that exceed the amount that would be paid to or deducted by a party in an arm’s-length transaction, the REIT generally will be subject to an excise tax equal to 100% of such excess. Rents we receive that include amounts for services furnished by one of our TRSs to any of our tenants will not be subject to the excise tax if such amounts qualify for the safe harbor provisions contained in the Internal Revenue Code. Safe harbor provisions are provided where (1) amounts are excluded from the definition of impermissible tenant service income as a result of satisfying the 1% de minimis exception; (2) a TRS renders a significant amount of similar services to unrelated parties and the charges for such services are substantially comparable; (3) rents paid to us by tenants that are not receiving services from the TRS are substantially comparable to the rents paid by our tenants leasing comparable space that are receiving such services from the TRS and the charge for the services is separately stated; or (4) the TRS’s gross income from the service is not less than 150% of the TRS’s direct cost of furnishing the service.

We and one of our corporate subsidiaries, CBRE Realty Finance TRS, Inc., have made an election for that

 

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subsidiary to be treated as a TRS for U.S. federal income tax purposes. We may form additional TRSs in the future. To the extent that any such TRSs pay any taxes, they will have less cash available for distribution to us. If dividends are paid by TRSs to us, then the dividends we designate and pay to our stockholders who are individuals, up to the amount of dividends we receive from such entities, generally will be eligible to be taxed at the reduced 15% maximum U.S. federal rate applicable to qualified dividend income. See “—Taxation of Taxable U.S. Stockholders.” Currently, we anticipate that CBRE Realty Finance TRS, Inc. will retain its after tax income subject to compliance with the 20% asset test applicable to our aggregate ownership of TRSs. See “—Asset Tests.”

Taxable Mortgage Pools

An entity, or a portion of an entity, may be classified as a taxable mortgage pool under the Internal Revenue Code if:

 

   

substantially all of its assets consist of debt obligations or interests in debt obligations;

 

   

more than 50% of those debt obligations are real estate mortgage loans or interests in real estate mortgage loans as of specified testing dates;

 

   

the entity has issued debt obligations that have two or more maturities; and

 

   

the payments required to be made by the entity on its debt obligations “bear a relationship” to the payments to be received by the entity on the debt obligations that it holds as assets.

Under Treasury regulations, if less than 80% of the assets of an entity (or a portion of an entity) consist of debt obligations, these debt obligations are considered not to comprise “substantially all” of its assets, and therefore the entity would not be treated as a taxable mortgage pool.

We have and will likely continue in the future to enter into CDO financing transactions whereby we convey one or more pools of real estate mortgage loans, CMBS or RMBS securities, or mortgage loans to an entity, which issues several classes of mortgage-backed bonds having different maturities with the cash flow from such assets being the sole source of payment of principal and interest on the several classes of mortgage-backed bonds. To the extent that we do not make a REMIC election with respect to such a securitization transaction, each such transaction will likely be a taxable mortgage pool.

A taxable mortgage pool generally is treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes. However, special rules apply to a REIT, a portion of a REIT, or a qualified REIT subsidiary that is a taxable mortgage pool. If a REIT owns directly, or indirectly through one or more qualified REIT subsidiaries or other entities that are disregarded as a separate entity for U.S. federal income tax purposes, 100% of the equity interest in the taxable mortgage pool, the taxable mortgage pool will be a qualified REIT subsidiary and, therefore, ignored as an entity separate from the parent REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes and would not generally affect the tax qualification of the REIT. Rather, the consequences of the taxable mortgage pool classification would generally, except as described below, be limited to the REIT’s stockholders. See “—Excess Inclusion Income.”

If we own less than 100% of the ownership interests in a subsidiary that is a taxable mortgage pool, the foregoing rules would not apply. Rather, the subsidiary would be treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and would potentially be subject to corporate income tax. In addition, this characterization would alter our REIT income and asset test calculations and could adversely affect our compliance with those requirements. We do not expect that we would form any subsidiary in which we own some, but less than all, of the ownership interests that would become a taxable mortgage pool, and we intend to monitor the structure of any taxable mortgage pools in which we have an interest to ensure that they will not adversely affect our qualification as a REIT.

Gross Income Tests

In order to maintain qualification as a REIT, we annually must satisfy two gross income tests. First, at least 75% of our gross income for each taxable year, excluding gross income from sales of inventory or dealer property in “prohibited transactions,” must be derived from investments relating to real property or mortgages on real property, including “rents from real property,” dividends received from other REITs, interest income derived from mortgage loans secured by real property (including certain types of mortgage-backed securities), and gains from the sale of real estate assets, as well as income from certain kinds of temporary investments. Second, at least 95% of our gross income in each taxable year, excluding gross income from prohibited transactions, must be derived from some combination of income that qualifies under the 75% income test described above, as well as other dividends, interest, and gain from the sale or disposition of stock or securities, which need not have any relation to real property.

 

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For purposes of the 75% and 95% gross income tests, a REIT is deemed to have earned a proportionate share of the income earned by any partnership, or any limited liability company treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes, in which it owns an interest, which share is determined by reference to its capital interest in such entity, and is deemed to have earned the income earned by any qualified REIT subsidiary.

Interest Income. Interest income constitutes qualifying mortgage interest for purposes of the 75% gross income test to the extent that the obligation is secured by a mortgage on real property. If we receive interest income with respect to a mortgage loan that is secured by both real property and other property and the highest principal amount of the loan outstanding during a taxable year exceeds the fair market value of the real property on the date that we acquired or originated the mortgage loan, the interest income will be apportioned between the real property and the other property, and our income from the arrangement will qualify for purposes of the 75% gross income test only to the extent that the interest is allocable to the real property. Even if a loan is not secured by real property or is undersecured, the income that it generates may nonetheless qualify for purposes of the 95% gross income test.

To the extent that the terms of a loan provide for contingent interest that is based on the cash proceeds realized upon the sale of the property securing the loan (a “shared appreciation provision”), income attributable to the participation feature will be treated as gain from sale of the underlying property, which generally will be qualifying income for purposes of both the 75% and 95% gross income tests, provided that the property is not inventory or dealer property in the hands of the borrower or us.

To the extent that we derive interest income from a loan where all or a portion of the amount of interest payable is contingent, such income generally will qualify for purposes of the gross income tests only if it is based upon the gross receipts or sales and not the net income or profits of any person. This limitation does not apply, however, to a mortgage loan where the borrower derives substantially all of its income from the property from the leasing of substantially all of its interest in the property to tenants, to the extent that the rental income derived by the borrower would qualify as rents from real property had it been earned directly by us.

Any amount includible in our gross income with respect to a regular or residual interest in a REMIC generally is treated as interest on an obligation secured by a mortgage on real property. If, however, less than 95% of the assets of a REMIC consists of real estate assets (determined as if we held such assets), we will be treated as receiving directly our proportionate share of the income of the REMIC.

Among the assets we may hold are certain mezzanine loans secured by equity interests in a pass-through entity that directly or indirectly owns real property, rather than a direct mortgage on the real property. Revenue Procedure 2003-65 provides a safe harbor pursuant to which a mezzanine loan, if it meets each of the requirements contained in the Revenue Procedure, will be treated by the IRS as a real estate asset for purposes of the REIT asset tests, and interest derived from it will be treated as qualifying mortgage interest for purposes of the 75% gross income test (described above). Although the Revenue Procedure provides a safe harbor on which taxpayers may rely, it does not prescribe rules of substantive tax law. Moreover, the mezzanine loans that we acquire may not meet all of the requirements for reliance on this safe harbor. Hence, there can be no assurance that the IRS will not challenge the qualification of such assets as real estate assets or the interest generated by these loans as qualifying income under the 75% gross income test (described above). To the extent we make corporate mezzanine loans, such loans will not qualify as real estate assets and interest income with respect to such loans will not be qualifying income for the 75% gross income test (described above).

We believe that the interest, original issue discount, and market discount income that we receive from our mortgage related securities generally will be qualifying income for purposes of both gross income tests. However, to the extent that we own non-REMIC collateralized mortgage obligations or other debt instruments secured by mortgage loans (rather than by real property) or secured by non-real estate assets, or debt securities that are not secured by mortgages on real property or interests in real property, the interest income received with respect to such securities generally will be qualifying income for purposes of the 95% gross income test, but not the 75% gross income test. In addition, the loan amount of a mortgage loan that we own may exceed the value of the real property securing the loan. In that case, a portion of the income from the loan will be qualifying income for purposes of the 95% gross income test, but not the 75% gross income test.

Fee Income. We may receive various fees in connection with our operations. The fees will be qualifying income for purposes of both the 75% and 95% gross income tests if they are received in consideration for entering into an agreement to make a loan secured by real property and the fees are not determined by income and profits. Other fees are not qualifying income for purposes of either gross income test. Any fees earned by CBRE Realty Finance TRS, Inc., our TRS, will not be included for purposes of the gross income tests.

 

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Dividend Income. We may indirectly receive distributions from TRSs or other corporations that are not REITs or qualified REIT subsidiaries. These distributions will be classified as dividend income to the extent of the earnings and profits of the distributing corporation. Such distributions will generally constitute qualifying income for purposes of the 95% gross income test, but not under the 75% gross income test. Any dividends received by us from a REIT will be qualifying income in our hands for purposes of both the 95% and 75% gross income tests.

Foreign Investments. To the extent that we hold or acquire foreign investments, such as CMBS denominated in foreign currencies, such investments may generate foreign currency gains and losses. Foreign currency gains are generally treated as income that does not qualify under the 95% or 75% gross income tests. However, under recent IRS guidance, if foreign currency gain is recognized with respect to income which otherwise qualifies for purposes of the 95% or 75% gross income tests, then such foreign currency gain will also qualify for the 95% or 75% test, respectively. No assurance can be given that any foreign currency gains recognized by us directly or through pass-through subsidiaries will not adversely affect our ability to satisfy the REIT qualification requirements.

Hedging Transactions. We may enter into hedging transactions with respect to one or more of our assets or liabilities. Hedging transactions could take a variety of forms, including interest rate swaps or cap agreements, options, futures contracts, forward rate agreements or similar financial instruments. Except to the extent provided by Treasury regulations, any income from a hedging transaction we enter into in the normal course of our business primarily to manage risk of interest rate or price changes or currency fluctuations with respect to borrowings made or to be made, or ordinary obligations incurred or to be incurred, to acquire or carry real estate assets, which is clearly identified as specified in Treasury regulations before the close of the day on which it was acquired, originated, or entered into, including gain from the sale or disposition of such a transaction, will not constitute gross income for purposes of the 95% gross income test (and will generally constitute non-qualifying income for purposes of the 75% gross income test). To the extent that we enter into other types of hedging transactions, the income from those transactions is likely to be treated as non-qualifying income for purposes of both of the gross income tests. We intend to structure any hedging transactions in a manner that does not jeopardize our qualification as a REIT.

Rents from Real Property. To the extent that we own real property or interests therein, rents we receive will qualify as “rents from real property” in satisfying the gross income tests described above, only if several conditions are met, including the following. If rent attributable to personal property leased in connection with real property is greater than 15% of the total rent received under any particular lease, then all of the rent attributable to such personal property will not qualify as rents from real property. The determination of whether an item of personal property constitutes real or personal property under the REIT provisions of the Internal Revenue Code is subject to both legal and factual considerations and is therefore subject to different interpretations.

In addition, in order for rents received by us to qualify as “rents from real property,” the rent must not be based in whole or in part on the income or profits of any person. However, an amount will not be excluded from rents from real property solely by being based on a fixed percentage or percentages of sales or if it is based on the net income of a tenant which derives substantially all of its income with respect to such property from subleasing of substantially all of such property, to the extent that the rents paid by the subtenants would qualify as rents from real property, if earned directly by us. Moreover, for rents received to qualify as “rents from real property,” we generally must not operate or manage the property or furnish or render certain services to the tenants of such property, other than through an “independent contractor” who is adequately compensated and from which we derive no income, or through a TRS, as discussed below. We are permitted, however, to perform services that are “usually or customarily rendered” in connection with the rental of space for occupancy only and are not otherwise considered rendered to the occupant of the property. In addition, we may directly or indirectly provide non-customary services to tenants of our properties without disqualifying all of the rent from the property if the payment for such services does not exceed 1% of the total gross income from the property. In such a case, only the amounts for non-customary services are not treated as rents from real property and the provision of the services does not disqualify the related rent. Moreover, we are permitted to provide services to tenants or others through a TRS without disqualifying the rental income received from tenants for purposes of the REIT income tests.

Rental income will qualify as rents from real property only to the extent that we do not directly or constructively own, (1) in the case of any tenant which is a corporation, stock possessing 10% or more of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock entitled to vote, or 10% or more of the total value of shares of all classes of stock of such tenant, or (2) in the case of any tenant which is not a corporation, an interest of 10% or more in the assets or net profits of such tenant. However, rental payments from a TRS will qualify as rents from real property even if we own more than 10% of the combined voting power of the TRS if at least 90% of the property is leased to unrelated tenants and the rent paid by the TRS is substantially comparable to the rent paid by the unrelated tenants for comparable space.

 

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Failure to Satisfy the Gross Income Tests. We intend to monitor our sources of income, including any non-qualifying income received by us, so as to ensure our compliance with the gross income tests. If we fail to satisfy one or both of the 75% or 95% gross income tests for any taxable year, we may still qualify as a REIT for the year if we are entitled to relief under applicable provisions of the Internal Revenue Code. These relief provisions will generally be available if the failure of our company to meet these tests was due to reasonable cause and not due to willful neglect and, following the identification of such failure, we set forth a description of each item of our gross income that satisfies the gross income tests in a schedule for the taxable year filed in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Treasury. It is not possible to state whether we would be entitled to the benefit of these relief provisions in all circumstances. If these relief provisions are inapplicable to a particular set of circumstances involving us, we will not qualify as a REIT. As discussed above under “—Taxation of REITs in General,” even where these relief provisions apply, a tax would be imposed upon the profit attributable to the amount by which we fail to satisfy the particular gross income test.

Asset Tests

We, at the close of each calendar quarter, must also satisfy four tests relating to the nature of our assets. First, at least 75% of the value of our total assets must be represented by some combination of “real estate assets,” cash, cash items, U.S. government securities and, under some circumstances, stock or debt instruments purchased with new capital. For this purpose, real estate assets include interests in real property, such as land, buildings, leasehold interests in real property, stock of other corporations that qualify as REITs and certain kinds of mortgage-backed securities and mortgage loans. Assets that do not qualify for purposes of the 75% test are subject to the additional asset tests described below.

The second asset test is that the value of any one issuer’s securities owned by us may not exceed 5% of the value of our gross assets. Third, we may not own more than 10% of any one issuer’s outstanding securities, as measured by either voting power or value. Fourth, the aggregate value of all securities of TRSs held by us may not exceed 20% of the value of our gross assets.

The 5% and 10% asset tests do not apply to securities of TRSs and qualified REIT subsidiaries. The 10% value test does not apply to certain “straight debt” and other excluded securities, as described in the Internal Revenue Code, including but not limited to any loan to an individual or an estate, any obligation to pay rents from real property and any security issued by a REIT. In addition, (a) a REIT’s interest as a partner in a partnership is not considered a security for purposes of applying the 10% value test; (b) any debt instrument issued by a partnership (other than straight debt or other excluded security) will not be considered a security issued by the partnership if at least 75% of the partnership’s gross income is derived from sources that would qualify for the 75% REIT gross income test; and (c) any debt instrument issued by a partnership (other than straight debt or other excluded security) will not be considered a security issued by the partnership to the extent of the REIT’s interest as a partner in the partnership.

For purposes of the 10% value test, “straight debt” means a written unconditional promise to pay on demand on a specified date a sum certain in money if (i) the debt is not convertible, directly or indirectly, into stock, (ii) the interest rate and interest payment dates are not contingent on profits, the borrower’s discretion, or similar factors other than certain contingencies relating to the timing and amount of principal and interest payments, as described in the Internal Revenue Code and (iii) in the case of an issuer which is a corporation or a partnership, securities that otherwise would be considered straight debt will not be so considered if we, and any of our “controlled TRSs” as defined in the Internal Revenue Code, hold any securities of the corporate or partnership issuer which: (a) are not straight debt or other excluded securities (prior to the application of this rule), and (b) have an aggregate value greater than 1% of the issuer’s outstanding securities (including, for the purposes of a partnership issuer, our interest as a partner in the partnership).

After initially meeting the asset tests at the close of any quarter, we will not lose our qualification as a REIT for failure to satisfy the asset tests at the end of a later quarter solely by reason of changes in asset values. If we fail to satisfy the asset tests because we acquire securities during a quarter, we can cure this failure by disposing of sufficient non-qualifying assets within 30 days after the close of that quarter. If we fail the 5% asset test, or the 10% vote or value asset tests at the end of any quarter and such failure is not cured within 30 days thereafter, we may dispose of sufficient assets (generally within six months after the last day of the quarter in which our identification of the failure to satisfy these asset tests occurred) to cure such a violation that does not exceed the lesser of 1% of our assets at the end of the relevant quarter or $10,000,000. If we fail any of the other asset tests or our failure of the 5% and 10% asset tests is in excess of the de minimis amount described above, as long as such failure was due to reasonable cause and not willful neglect, we are permitted to avoid disqualification as a REIT, after the 30-day cure period, by taking steps including the disposition of sufficient assets to meet the asset test (generally within six months after the last day of the quarter in which our identification of the failure to satisfy the REIT asset test occurred) and paying a tax equal to the greater of $50,000 or the highest corporate income tax rate (currently 35%) of the net income generated by the nonqualifying assets during the period in which we failed to satisfy the asset test.

 

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We expect that the assets and mortgage related securities that we own generally will be qualifying assets for purposes of the 75% asset test. However, to the extent that we own non-REMIC collateralized mortgage obligations or other debt instruments secured by mortgage loans (rather than by real property) or secured by non-real estate assets, or debt securities issued by C corporations that are not secured by mortgages on real property, those securities may not be qualifying assets for purposes of the 75% asset test. We believe that our holdings of securities and other assets will be structured in a manner that will comply with the foregoing REIT asset requirements and intend to monitor compliance on an ongoing basis. Moreover, values of some assets may not be susceptible to a precise determination and are subject to change in the future. Furthermore, the proper classification of an instrument as debt or equity for U.S. federal income tax purposes may be uncertain in some circumstances, which could affect the application of the REIT asset tests. As an example, if we were to make an investment in equity securities of a REIT issuer that were determined by the IRS to represent debt securities of such issuer, such securities would also not qualify as real estate assets. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that the IRS will not contend that our interests in subsidiaries or in the securities of other issuers (including REIT issuers) cause a violation of the REIT asset tests.

Annual Distribution Requirements

In order to qualify as a REIT, we are required to distribute dividends, other than capital gain dividends, to our stockholders in an amount at least equal to:

 

  (a) the sum of:

 

   

90% of our “REIT taxable income” (computed without regard to our deduction for dividends paid and our net capital gains); and

 

   

90% of the net income (after tax), if any, from foreclosure property (as described below); minus

 

  (b) the sum of specified items of non-cash income that exceeds a percentage of our income.

These distributions must be paid in the taxable year to which they relate or in the following taxable year if such distributions are declared in October, November or December of the taxable year, are payable to stockholders of record on a specified date in any such month and are actually paid before the end of January of the following year. Such distributions are treated as both paid by us and received by each stockholder on December 31 of the year in which they are declared. In addition, at our election, a distribution for a taxable year may be declared before we timely file our tax return for the year and be paid with or before the first regular dividend payment after such declaration, provided that such payment is made during the 12-month period following the close of such taxable year. These distributions are taxable to our stockholders in the year in which paid, even though the distributions relate to our prior taxable year for purposes of the 90% distribution requirement. In order for distributions to be counted towards our distribution requirement and to give rise to a tax deduction by us, they must not be “preferential dividends.” A dividend is not a preferential dividend if it is pro rata among all outstanding shares of stock within a particular class and is in accordance with the preferences among different classes of stock as set forth in the organizational documents.

To the extent that we distribute at least 90%, but less than 100%, of our “REIT taxable income,” as adjusted, we will be subject to tax at ordinary corporate tax rates on the retained portion. In addition, we may elect to retain, rather than distribute, our net long-term capital gains and pay tax on such gains. In this case, we could elect to have our stockholders include their proportionate share of such undistributed long-term capital gains in income and receive a corresponding credit for their proportionate share of the tax paid by us. Our stockholders would then increase the adjusted basis of their stock in us by the difference between the designated amounts included in their long-term capital gains and the tax deemed paid with respect to their proportionate shares.

If we fail to distribute during each calendar year at least the sum of (a) 85% of our REIT ordinary income for such year, (b) 95% of our REIT capital gain net income for such year and (c) any undistributed taxable income from prior periods, we will be subject to a 4% excise tax on the excess of such required distribution over the sum of (x) the amounts actually distributed (taking into account excess distributions from prior periods) and (y) the amounts of income retained on which we have paid corporate income tax. We intend to make timely distributions so that we are not subject to the 4% excise tax. It is possible that we, from time to time, may not have sufficient cash to meet the distribution requirements due to timing differences between (a) the actual receipt of cash, including receipt of distributions from our subsidiaries and (b) the inclusion of items in income by us for U.S. federal income tax purposes, including the inclusion of items of income from CDO entities

 

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in which we hold an equity interest. For example, we may invest in debt instruments or notes whose face value may exceed its issue price as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes (“original issue discount,” or OID), such that we will be required to include in our income a portion of the OID each year that the instrument is held before we receive any corresponding cash. In the event that such timing differences occur, in order to meet the distribution requirements, it might be necessary to arrange for short-term, or possibly long-term, borrowings or to pay dividends in the form of taxable in-kind distributions of property.

We may be able to rectify a failure to meet the distribution requirements for a year by paying “deficiency dividends” to stockholders in a later year, which may be included in our deduction for dividends paid for the earlier year. In this case, we may be able to avoid losing our qualification as a REIT or being taxed on amounts distributed as deficiency dividends. However, we will be required to pay interest and a penalty based on the amount of any deduction taken for deficiency dividends.

Excess Inclusion Income

If we acquire a residual interest in a REMIC, we may realize excess inclusion income. If we are deemed to have issued debt obligations having two or more maturities, the payments on which correspond to payments on mortgage loans owned by us, such arrangement will be treated as a taxable mortgage pool for U.S. federal income tax purposes. See “—Effect of Subsidiary Entities,” “—Taxable Mortgage Pools.” If all or a portion of our company is treated as a taxable mortgage pool, our qualification as a REIT generally should not be impaired. However, to the extent that all or a portion of our company is treated as a taxable mortgage pool, or we make investments or enter into financing and securitization transactions that give rise to us being considered to own an interest in one or more taxable mortgage pools, a portion of our REIT taxable income may be characterized as excess inclusion income and allocated to our stockholders, generally in a manner set forth under the applicable Treasury regulations. The Treasury Department has issued guidance governing the tax treatment of stockholders of a REIT that owns an interest in a taxable mortgage pool. Excess inclusion income is an amount, with respect to any calendar quarter, equal to the excess, if any, of (i) taxable income allocable to the holder of a residual interest in a REMIC during such calendar quarter over (ii) the sum of amounts allocated to each day in the calendar quarter equal to its ratable portion of the product of (a) the adjusted issue price of the interest at the beginning of the quarter multiplied by (b) 120% of the long term federal rate (determined on the basis of compounding at the close of each calendar quarter and properly adjusted for the length of such quarter). Our excess inclusion income would be allocated among our stockholders that hold our stock in record name in proportion to dividends paid to such stockholders. A stockholder’s share of any excess inclusion income:

 

   

could not be offset by net operating losses of a stockholder;

 

   

in the case of a stockholder that is a REIT, a RIC, a common trust fund or other pass-through entity, would be considered excess inclusion income of such entity and such entity will be subject to tax at the highest corporate tax rate on any excess inclusion income allocated to their owners that are disqualified organizations;

 

   

would be subject to tax as unrelated business taxable income to a tax-exempt holder;

 

   

would be subject to the application of the U.S. federal income tax withholding (without reduction pursuant to any otherwise applicable income tax treaty) with respect to amounts allocable to non-U.S. stockholders; and

 

   

would be taxable (at the highest corporate tax rates) to us, rather than our stockholders, to the extent allocable to our stock held in record name by disqualified organizations (generally, tax-exempt entities not subject to unrelated business income tax, including governmental organizations). Nominees or other broker/dealers who hold our stock on behalf of disqualified organizations are subject to this tax on the portion of our excess inclusion income allocable to the common stock held on behalf of disqualified organizations.

The manner in which excess inclusion income would be allocated among shares of different classes of stock is not clear under the current law. Tax-exempt investors, RIC or REIT investors, foreign investors, and taxpayers with net operating losses should consult with their tax advisors with respect to excessive inclusion income.

Prohibited Transactions

Net income derived from a prohibited transaction is subject to a 100% tax. The term “prohibited transaction” generally includes a sale or other disposition of property (other than foreclosure property) that is held primarily for sale to customers, in the ordinary course of a trade or business by a REIT, by a lower-tier partnership in which the REIT holds an equity interest or by a borrower that has issued a shared appreciation mortgage or similar debt instrument to the REIT. We

 

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intend to conduct our operations so that no asset owned by us or our pass-through subsidiaries will be held for sale to customers, and that a sale of any assets owned by us directly or through a pass-through subsidiary will not be in the ordinary course of business. However, whether property is held “primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of a trade or business” depends on the particular facts and circumstances. No assurance can be given that any particular asset in which we hold a direct or indirect interest will not be treated as property held for sale to customers or that certain safe-harbor provisions of the Internal Revenue Code that prevent such treatment will apply. The 100% tax will not apply to gains from the sale of property that is held through a TRS or other taxable corporation, although such income will be subject to tax in the hands of the corporation at regular corporate income tax rates.

Foreclosure Property

Foreclosure property is real property and any personal property incident to such real property (1) that is acquired by a REIT as a result of the REIT having bid on the property at foreclosure or having otherwise reduced the property to ownership or possession by agreement or process of law after there was a default (or default was imminent) on a lease of the property or a mortgage loan held by the REIT and secured by the property, (2) for which the related loan or lease was acquired by the REIT at a time when default was not imminent or anticipated and (3) for which such REIT makes a proper election to treat the property as foreclosure property. REITs generally are subject to tax at the maximum corporate rate (currently 35%) on any net income from foreclosure property, including any gain from the disposition of the foreclosure property, other than income that would otherwise be qualifying income for purposes of the 75% gross income test. Any gain from the sale of property for which a foreclosure property election has been made will not be subject to the 100% tax on gains from prohibited transactions described above, even if the property would otherwise constitute inventory or dealer property in the hands of the selling REIT. We do not anticipate that we will receive any income from foreclosure property that is not qualifying income for purposes of the 75% gross income test, but, if we do receive any such income, we intend to elect to treat the related property as foreclosure property.

Failure to Qualify

In the event that we violate a provision of the Internal Revenue Code that would result in our failure to qualify as a REIT, specified relief provisions will be available to us to avoid such disqualification if (1) the violation is due to reasonable cause and not due to willful neglect, (2) we pay a penalty of $50,000 for each failure to satisfy the provision and (3) the violation does not include a violation under the gross income or asset tests described above (for which other specified relief provisions are available). This cure provision reduces the instances that could lead to our disqualification as a REIT for violations due to reasonable cause. If we fail to qualify for taxation as a REIT in any taxable year and none of the relief provisions of the Internal Revenue Code apply, we will be subject to tax, including any applicable alternative minimum tax, on our taxable income at regular corporate rates. Distributions to our stockholders in any year in which we are not a REIT will not be deductible by us, nor will they be required to be made. In this situation, to the extent of current and accumulated earnings and profits, and, subject to limitations of the Internal Revenue Code, distributions to our stockholders will generally be taxable in the case of our stockholders who are individual U.S. stockholders (as defined below), at a maximum rate of 15%, and dividends in the hands of our corporate U.S. stockholders may be eligible for the dividends received deduction. Unless we are entitled to relief under the specific statutory provisions, we will also be disqualified from re-electing to be taxed as a REIT for the four taxable years following a year during which qualification was lost. It is not possible to state whether, in all circumstances, we will be entitled to statutory relief.

Taxation of Taxable U.S. Stockholders

This section summarizes the taxation of U.S. stockholders that are not tax-exempt organizations. For these purposes, a U.S. stockholder is a beneficial owner of our common stock that for U.S. federal income tax purposes is:

 

   

a citizen or resident of the U.S.;

 

   

a corporation (including an entity treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes) created or organized in or under the laws of the U.S. or of a political subdivision thereof (including the District of Columbia);

 

   

an estate whose income is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source; or

 

   

any trust if (1) a U.S. court is able to exercise primary supervision over the administration of such trust and one or more U.S. persons have the authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust or (2) it has a valid election in place to be treated as a U.S. person.

If an entity or arrangement treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes holds our stock, the U.S. federal income tax treatment of a partner generally will depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. A partner of a partnership holding our common stock should consult its own tax advisor regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences to the partner of the acquisition, ownership and disposition of our stock by the partnership.

 

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Distributions. Provided that we qualify as a REIT, distributions made to our taxable U.S. stockholders out of our current and accumulated earnings and profits, and not designated as capital gain dividends, will generally be taken into account by them as ordinary dividend income and will not be eligible for the dividends received deduction for corporations. In determining the extent to which a distribution with respect to our common stock constitutes a dividend for U.S. federal income tax purposes, our earnings and profits will be allocated first to distributions with respect to our preferred stock, if any, and then to our common stock. Dividends received from REITs are generally not eligible to be taxed at the preferential qualified dividend income rates applicable to individual U.S. stockholders who receive dividends from taxable subchapter C corporations.

In addition, distributions from us that are designated as capital gain dividends will be taxed to U.S. stockholders as long-term capital gains, to the extent that they do not exceed the actual net capital gain of our company for the taxable year, without regard to the period for which the U.S. stockholder has held its stock. To the extent that we elect under the applicable provisions of the Internal Revenue Code to retain our net capital gains, U.S. stockholders will be treated as having received, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, our undistributed capital gains as well as a corresponding credit for taxes paid by us on such retained capital gains. U.S. stockholders will increase their adjusted tax basis in our common stock by the difference between their allocable share of such retained capital gain and their share of the tax paid by us. Corporate U.S. stockholders may be required to treat up to 20% of some capital gain dividends as ordinary income. Long-term capital gains are generally taxable at maximum federal rates of 15% (through 2010) in the case of U.S. stockholders who are individuals, and 35% for corporations. Capital gains attributable to the sale of depreciable real property held for more than 12 months are subject to a 25% maximum U.S. federal income tax rate for individual U.S. stockholders who are individuals, to the extent of previously claimed depreciation deductions.

Distributions in excess of our current and accumulated earnings and profits will not be taxable to a U.S. stockholder to the extent that they do not exceed the adjusted tax basis of the U.S. stockholder’s shares in respect of which the distributions were made, but rather will reduce the adjusted tax basis of these shares. To the extent that such distributions exceed the adjusted tax basis of an individual U.S. stockholder’s shares, they will be included in income as long-term capital gain, or short-term capital gain if the shares have been held for one year or less. In addition, any dividend declared by us in October, November or December of any year and payable to a U.S. stockholder of record on a specified date in any such month will be treated as both paid by us and received by the U.S. stockholder on December 31 of such year, provided that the dividend is actually paid by us before the end of January of the following calendar year.

With respect to U.S. stockholders who are taxed at the rates applicable to individuals, we may elect to designate a portion of our distributions paid to such U.S. stockholders as “qualified dividend income.” A portion of a distribution that is properly designated as qualified dividend income is taxable to non-corporate U.S. stockholders as capital gain, provided that the U.S. stockholder has held the common stock with respect to which the distribution is made for more than 60 days during the 121-day period beginning on the date that is 60 days before the date on which such common stock became ex-dividend with respect to the relevant distribution. The maximum amount of our distributions eligible to be designated as qualified dividend income for a taxable year is equal to the sum of:

 

  (a) the qualified dividend income received by us during such taxable year from non-REIT C corporations (including CBRE Realty Finance TRS, Inc., our TRS, which is subject to U.S. federal income tax);

 

  (b) the excess of any “undistributed” REIT taxable income recognized during the immediately preceding year over the U.S. federal income tax paid by us with respect to such undistributed REIT taxable income; and

 

  (c) the excess of any income recognized during the immediately preceding year attributable to the sale of a built-in-gain asset that was acquired in a carry-over basis transaction from a non-REIT C corporation over the U.S. federal income tax paid by us with respect to such built-in gain.

Generally, dividends that we receive will be treated as qualified dividend income for purposes of (a) above if the dividends are received from a domestic C corporation (other than a REIT or a regulated investment company), such as CBRE Realty Finance TRS, Inc., our TRS, which is subject to U.S. federal income tax, or a “qualifying foreign corporation” and specified holding period requirements and other requirements are met. We expect that any foreign corporate CDO entity which we invest would not be a “qualifying foreign corporation,” and accordingly our distribution of any income with respect to such entities will not constitute “qualifying dividend income.”

 

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To the extent that we have available net operating losses and capital losses carried forward from prior tax years, such losses may reduce the amount of distributions that must be made in order to comply with the REIT distribution requirements. See “—Taxation of the Company” and “—Annual Distribution Requirements.” Such losses, however, are not passed through to U.S. stockholders and do not offset income of U.S. stockholders from other sources, nor do they affect the character of any distributions that are actually made by us, which are generally subject to tax in the hands of U.S. stockholders to the extent that we have current or accumulated earnings and profits.

Dispositions of Our Common Stock

In general, a U.S. stockholder will realize gain or loss upon the sale, redemption or other taxable disposition of our common stock in an amount equal to the difference between the sum of the fair market value of any property and the amount of cash received in such disposition and the U.S. stockholder’s adjusted tax basis in the common stock at the time of the disposition. In general, a U.S. stockholder’s adjusted tax basis will equal the U.S. stockholder’s acquisition cost, increased by the excess of net capital gains deemed distributed to the U.S. stockholder (discussed above) less tax deemed paid on it and reduced by returns of capital. In general, capital gains recognized by individuals and other non-corporate U.S. stockholders upon the sale or disposition of shares of our common stock will be subject to a maximum U.S. federal income tax rate of 15% for taxable years through 2010, if our common stock is held for more than 12 months, and will be taxed at ordinary income rates (of up to 35% through 2010) if our common stock is held for 12 months or less. Gains recognized by U.S. stockholders that are corporations are subject to U.S. federal income tax at a maximum rate of 35%, whether or not classified as long-term capital gains. The IRS has the authority to prescribe, but has not yet prescribed, regulations that would apply a capital gain tax rate of 25% (which is generally higher than the long-term capital gain tax rates for non-corporate holders) to a portion of capital gain realized by a non-corporate holder on the sale of REIT stock or depositary shares that would correspond to the REIT’s “unrecaptured Section 1250 gain.” Holders are advised to consult with their own tax advisors with respect to their capital gain tax liability. Capital losses recognized by a U.S. stockholder upon the disposition of our common stock held for more than one year at the time of disposition will be considered long-term capital losses, and are generally available only to offset capital gain income of the U.S. stockholder but not ordinary income (except in the case of individuals, who may offset up to $3,000 of ordinary income each year). In addition, any loss upon a sale or exchange of shares of our common stock by a U.S. stockholder who has held the shares for six months or less, after applying holding period rules, will be treated as a long-term capital loss to the extent of distributions received from us that were required to be treated by the U.S. stockholder as long-term capital gain.

Passive Activity Losses and Investment Interest Limitations

Distributions made by us and gain arising from the sale or exchange by a U.S. stockholder of our common stock will not be treated as passive activity income. As a result, U.S. stockholders will not be able to apply any “passive losses” against income or gain relating to our common stock. Distributions made by us, to the extent they do not constitute a return of capital, generally will be treated as investment income for purposes of computing the investment interest limitation. A U.S. stockholder that elects to treat capital gain dividends, capital gains from the disposition of stock or qualified dividend income as investment income for purposes of the investment interest limitation will be taxed at ordinary income rates on such amounts.

Taxation of Tax-Exempt U.S. Stockholders

U.S. tax-exempt entities, including qualified employee pension and profit sharing trusts and individual retirement accounts, generally are exempt from U.S. federal income taxation. However, they are subject to taxation on their unrelated business taxable income, which we refer to in this prospectus as UBTI. While many investments in real estate may generate UBTI, the IRS has ruled that dividend distributions from a REIT to a tax-exempt entity do not constitute UBTI. Based on that ruling, and provided that (1) a tax-exempt U.S. stockholder has not held our common stock as “debt financed property” within the meaning of the Internal Revenue Code (i.e. where the acquisition or holding of the property is financed through a borrowing by the tax-exempt stockholder), (2) our common stock is not otherwise used in an unrelated trade or business, and (3) we do not hold an asset that gives rise to “excess inclusion income” (see “—Effect of Subsidiary Entities,” “—Taxable Mortgage Pools” and “—Excess Inclusion Income”), distributions from us and income from the sale of our common stock generally should not give rise to UBTI to a tax-exempt U.S. stockholder. As previously noted, we expect to engage in transactions that would result in a portion of our dividend income being considered “excess inclusion income,” and accordingly, it is likely that a significant portion of our dividends received by a tax-exempt stockholder could give rise to UBTI.

Tax-exempt U.S. stockholders that are social clubs, voluntary employee benefit associations, supplemental unemployment benefit trusts, and qualified group legal services plans exempt from U.S. federal income taxation under Sections 501(c)(7), (c)(9), (c)(17) and (c)(20) of the Internal Revenue Code, respectively, are subject to different UBTI rules, which generally will require them to characterize distributions from us as UBTI.

 

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In certain circumstances, a pension trust (1) that is described in Section 401(a) of the Internal Revenue Code, (2) is tax exempt under Section 501(a) of the Internal Revenue Code, and (3) that owns more than 10% of our stock could be required to treat a percentage of the dividends from us as UBTI if we are a “pension-held REIT.” We will not be a pension-held REIT unless (1) either (A) one pension trust owns more than 25% of the value of our stock, or (B) a group of pension trusts, each individually holding more than 10% of the value of our stock, collectively owns more than 50% of such stock; and (2) we would not have qualified as a REIT but for the fact that Section 856(h)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code provides that stock owned by such trusts shall be treated, for purposes of the requirement that not more than 50% of the value of the outstanding stock of a REIT is owned, directly or indirectly, by five or fewer “individuals” (as defined in the Internal Revenue Code to include certain entities), as owned by the beneficiaries of such trusts. Certain restrictions on ownership and transfer of our stock should generally prevent a tax-exempt entity from owning more than 10% of the value of our stock, or us from becoming a pension-held REIT.

Tax-exempt U.S. stockholders are urged to consult their own tax advisors regarding the U.S. federal, state, local and foreign tax consequences of owning our stock.

Taxation of Non-U.S. Stockholders

The following is a summary of certain U.S. federal income tax consequences of the acquisition, ownership and disposition of our common stock applicable to non-U.S. stockholders of our common stock. For purposes of this summary, a non-U.S. stockholder is a beneficial owner of our common stock that is not a U.S. stockholder. The discussion is based on current law and is for general information only. It addresses only selective and not all aspects of U.S. federal income taxation.

Ordinary Dividends. The portion of dividends received by non-U.S. stockholders payable out of our earnings and profits that are not attributable to gains from sales or exchanges of U.S. real property interests and which are not effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business of the non-U.S. stockholder will generally be subject to U.S. federal withholding tax at the rate of 30%, unless reduced or eliminated by an applicable income tax treaty. Under some treaties, however, lower rates generally applicable to dividends do not apply to dividends from REITs. In addition, any portion of the dividends paid to non-U.S. stockholders that are treated as excess inclusion income will not be eligible for exemption from the 30% withholding tax or a reduced treaty rate.

In general, non-U.S. stockholders will not be considered to be engaged in a U.S. trade or business solely as a result of their ownership of our stock. In cases where the dividend income from a non-U.S. stockholder’s investment in our common stock is, or is treated as, effectively connected with the non-U.S. stockholder’s conduct of a U.S. trade or business, the non-U.S. stockholder generally will be subject to U.S. federal income tax at graduated rates, in the same manner as U.S. stockholders are taxed with respect to such dividends, and may also be subject to the 30% branch profits tax on the income after the application of the income tax in the case of a non-U.S. stockholder that is a corporation.

Non-Dividend Distributions. Unless (A) our common stock constitutes a U.S. real property interest, or USRPI, or (B) either (1) if the non-U.S. stockholder’s investment in our common stock is effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business conducted by such non-U.S. stockholder (in which case the non-U.S. stockholder will be subject to the same treatment as U.S. stockholders with respect to such gain) or (2) if the non-U.S. stockholder is a nonresident alien individual who was present in the U.S. for 183 days or more during the taxable year and has a “tax home” in the U.S. (in which case the non-U.S. stockholder will be subject to a 30% tax on the individual’s net capital gain for the year), distributions by us which are not dividends out of our earnings and profits will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax. If it cannot be determined at the time at which a distribution is made whether or not the distribution will exceed current and accumulated earnings and profits, the distribution will be subject to withholding at the rate applicable to dividends. However, the non-U.S. stockholder may seek a refund from the IRS of any amounts withheld if it is subsequently determined that the distribution was, in fact, in excess of our current and accumulated earnings and profits. If our company’s common stock constitutes a USRPI, as described below, distributions by us in excess of the sum of our earnings and profits plus the non-U.S. stockholder’s adjusted tax basis in our common stock will be taxed under the Foreign Investment in Real Property Tax Act of 1980, or FIRPTA, at the rate of tax, including any applicable capital gains rates, that would apply to a U.S. stockholder of the same type (e.g., an individual or a corporation, as the case may be), and the collection of the tax will be enforced by a refundable withholding at a rate of 10% of the amount by which the distribution exceeds the stockholder’s share of our earnings and profits.

Capital Gain Dividends. Under FIRPTA, a distribution made by us to a non-U.S. stockholder, to the extent attributable to gains from dispositions of USRPIs held by us directly or through pass-through subsidiaries, or USRPI capital gains, will be considered effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business of the non-U.S. stockholder and will be subject to U.S. federal income tax at the rates applicable to U.S. stockholders, without regard to whether the distribution is designated as a capital gain dividend. In addition, we will be required to withhold tax equal to 35% of the amount of capital

 

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gain dividends to the extent the dividends constitute USRPI capital gains. Distributions subject to FIRPTA may also be subject to a 30% branch profits tax in the hands of a non-U.S. holder that is a corporation. However, the 35% withholding tax will not apply to any capital gain dividend with respect to any class of our stock which is regularly traded on an established securities market located in the U.S. if the non-U.S. stockholder did not own more than 5% of such class of stock at any time during the taxable year. Instead any capital gain dividend will be treated as a distribution subject to the rules discussed above under “—Taxation of Non-U.S. Stockholders—Ordinary Dividends.” Also, the branch profits tax will not apply to such a distribution. A distribution is not a USRPI capital gain if we held the underlying asset solely as a creditor, although the holding of a shared appreciation mortgage loan would not be solely as a creditor. Capital gain dividends received by a non-U.S. stockholder from a REIT that are not USRPI capital gains are generally not subject to U.S. federal income or withholding tax, unless either (1) if the non-U.S. stockholder’s investment in our common stock is effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business conducted by such non-U.S. stockholder (in which case the non-U.S. stockholder will be subject to the same treatment as U.S. stockholders with respect to such gain) or (2) if the non-U.S. stockholder is a nonresident alien individual who was present in the U.S. for 183 days or more during the taxable year and has a “tax home” in the U.S. (in which case the non-U.S. stockholder will be subject to a 30% tax on the individual’s net capital gain for the year).

Dispositions of Our Common Stock. Unless our common stock constitutes a USRPI, a sale of the stock by a non-U.S. stockholder generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income taxation under FIRPTA. The stock will not be treated as a USRPI if less than 50% of our assets throughout a prescribed testing period consist of interests in real property located within the U.S., excluding, for this purpose, interests in real property solely in a capacity as a creditor. We do not expect that more than 50% of our assets will consist of interests in real property located in the U.S.

In addition, our common stock will not constitute a USRPI if we are a “domestically controlled REIT.” A domestically controlled REIT is a REIT in which, at all times during a specified testing period, less than 50% in value of its outstanding stock is held directly or indirectly by non-U.S. stockholders. We believe we are, and we expect to continue to be, a domestically controlled REIT and, therefore, the sale of our common stock should not be subject to taxation under FIRPTA. However, because our stock is widely held, we cannot assure our investors that we are or will remain a domestically controlled REIT. Even if we do not qualify as a domestically controlled REIT, a non-U.S. stockholder’s sale of our common stock nonetheless will generally not be subject to tax under FIRPTA as a sale of a USRPI, provided that (a) our common stock owned is of a class that is “regularly traded,” as defined by applicable Treasury Department regulations, on an established securities market, and (b) the selling non-U.S. stockholder owned, actually or constructively, 5% or less of our outstanding stock of that class at all times during a specified testing period.

If gain on the sale of our common stock were subject to taxation under FIRPTA, the non-U.S. stockholder would be subject to the same treatment as a U.S. stockholder with respect to such gain, subject to applicable alternative minimum tax and a special alternative minimum tax in the case of non-resident alien individuals, and the purchaser of the stock could be required to withhold 10% of the purchase price and remit such amount to the IRS.

Gain from the sale of our common stock that would not otherwise be subject to FIRPTA will nonetheless be taxable in the U.S. to a non-U.S. stockholder in two cases: (a) if the non-U.S. stockholder’s investment in our common stock is effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business conducted by such non-U.S. stockholder, the non-U.S. stockholder will be subject to the same treatment as a U.S. stockholder with respect to such gain, or (b) if the non-U.S. stockholder is a nonresident alien individual who was present in the U.S. for 183 days or more during the taxable year and has a “tax home” in the U.S., the nonresident alien individual will be subject to a 30% tax on the individual’s capital gain.

Backup Withholding and Information Reporting

We will report to our U.S. stockholders and the IRS the amount of dividends paid during each calendar year and the amount of any tax withheld. Under the backup withholding rules, a U.S. stockholder may be subject to backup withholding with respect to dividends paid unless the holder is a corporation or comes within other exempt categories and, when required, demonstrates this fact or provides a taxpayer identification number or social security number, certifies as to no loss of exemption from backup withholding and otherwise complies with applicable requirements of the backup withholding rules. A U.S. stockholder that does not provide his or her correct taxpayer identification number or social security number may also be subject to penalties imposed by the IRS. Backup withholding is not an additional tax. In addition, we may be required to withhold a portion of capital gain distribution to any U.S. stockholder who fails to certify their non-foreign status. We must report annually to the IRS and to each non-U.S. stockholder the amount of dividends paid to such holder and the tax withheld with respect to such dividends, regardless of whether withholding was required. Copies of the information returns reporting such dividends and withholding may also be made available to the tax authorities in the country in which the non-U.S. stockholder resides under the provisions of an applicable income tax treaty. A non-U.S. stockholder may be subject to backup withholding unless applicable certification requirements are met.

 

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Payment of the proceeds of a sale of our common stock within the U.S. is subject to both backup withholding and information reporting unless the beneficial owner certifies under penalties of perjury that it is a non-U.S. stockholder (and the payor does not have actual knowledge or reason to know that the beneficial owner is a U.S. person) or the holder otherwise establishes an exemption. Payment of the proceeds of a sale of our common stock conducted through certain U.S. related financial intermediaries is subject to information reporting (but not backup withholding) unless the financial intermediary has documentary evidence in its records that the beneficial owner is a non-U.S. stockholder and specified conditions are met or an exemption is otherwise established.

Any amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules may be allowed as a refund or a credit against such holder’s U.S. federal income tax liability provided the required information is furnished to the IRS.

State, Local and Foreign Taxes

Our company and our subsidiaries and stockholders may be subject to state, local or foreign taxation in various jurisdictions, including those in which it or they transact business, own property or reside. We own interests in properties located in a number of jurisdictions, and may be required to file tax returns in certain of those jurisdictions. The state, local or foreign tax treatment of our company and our stockholders may not conform to the U.S. federal income tax treatment discussed above. Any foreign taxes incurred by us would not pass through to stockholders as a credit against their U.S. federal income tax liability. Prospective stockholders should consult their own tax advisors regarding the application and effect of state, local and foreign income and other tax laws on an investment in our company’s common stock.

 

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PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

We are registering the resale from time to time of the shares of common stock offered by this prospectus in accordance with the terms of a registration rights agreement that we entered into with the selling stockholders in connection with our June 2005 private offering and the terms of our management agreement with our Manager. The registration of these shares, however, does not necessarily mean that any of the shares will be offered or sold by the selling stockholders or their respective donees, pledgees or other transferees or successors in interest. We will not receive any proceeds from the sale of the common stock offered by this prospectus.

The sale of the shares of common stock by any selling stockholder, including any donee, pledgee or other transferee who receives shares from a selling stockholder, may be effected from time to time by selling them directly to purchasers or to or through broker-dealers. In connection with any sale, a broker-dealer may act as agent for the selling stockholder or may purchase from the selling stockholder all or a portion of the shares as principal. These sales may be made on the NYSE or other exchanges on which our common stock is then traded, in the over-the-counter market or in private transactions.

The shares of common stock may be sold in one or more transactions at:

 

   

fixed prices;

 

   

prevailing market prices at the time of sale;

 

   

prices related to the prevailing market prices; or

 

   

otherwise negotiated prices.

The shares of common stock may be sold in one or more of the following transactions:

 

   

ordinary brokerage transactions and transactions in which a broker-dealer solicits purchasers;

 

   

block trades (which may involve crosses or transactions in which the same broker acts as an agent on both sides of the trade) in which a broker-dealer may sell all or a portion of such shares as agent but may position and resell all or a portion of the block as principal to facilitate the transaction;

 

   

purchases by a broker-dealer as principal and resale by the broker-dealer for its own account pursuant to this prospectus;

 

   

a special offering, an exchange distribution or a secondary distribution in accordance with applicable rules promulgated by the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. or stock exchange rules;

 

   

sales “at the market” to or through a market maker or into an existing trading market, on an exchange or otherwise, for the shares;

 

   

sales in other ways not involving market makers or established trading markets, including privately-negotiated direct sales to purchasers;

 

   

any other legal method; and

 

   

any combination of these methods.

In effecting sales, broker-dealers engaged by a selling stockholder may arrange for other broker-dealers to participate. Broker-dealers will receive commissions or other compensation from the selling stockholder in the form of commissions, discounts or concessions. Broker-dealers may also receive compensation from purchasers of the shares for whom they act as agents or to whom they sell as principals or both. Compensation as to a particular broker-dealer may be in excess of customary commissions and will be in amounts to be negotiated.

The distribution of the shares of common stock also may be effected from time to time in one or more underwritten transactions. Any underwritten offering may be on a “best efforts” or a “firm commitment” basis. In connection with any

 

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underwritten offering, underwriters or agents may receive compensation in the form of discounts, concessions or commissions from the selling stockholders or from purchasers of the shares. Underwriters may sell the shares to or through dealers, and dealers may receive compensation in the form of discounts, concessions or commissions from the underwriters and/or commissions from the purchasers for whom they may act as agents.

The selling stockholders have advised us that they have not entered into any agreements, understandings or arrangements with any underwriters or broker-dealers regarding the sale of their securities, nor is there any underwriter or coordinating broker-dealer acting in connection with any proposed sale of shares by the selling stockholders. We will file a supplement to this prospectus, if required, under Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act upon being notified by the selling stockholders that any material arrangement has been entered into with a broker-dealer for the sale of shares through a block trade, special offering, exchange distribution or secondary distribution or a purchase by a broker or dealer. This supplement will disclose:

 

   

the name of the selling stockholders and of participating brokers and dealers;

 

   

the number of shares involved;

 

   

the price at which the shares are to be sold;

 

   

the commissions paid or the discounts or concessions allowed to the broker-dealers, where applicable;

 

   

that the broker-dealers did not conduct any investigation to verify the information set out or incorporated by reference in this prospectus; and

 

   

other facts material to the transaction.

The selling stockholders and any underwriters, or brokers-dealers or agents that participate in the distribution of the shares may be deemed to be “underwriters” within the meaning of the Securities Act, and any profit on the sale of the shares by them and any discounts, commissions or concessions received by any underwriters, dealers, or agents may be deemed to be underwriting compensation under the Securities Act. Because the selling stockholders may be deemed to be “underwriters” under the Securities Act, the selling stockholders will be subject to the prospectus delivery requirements of the Securities Act. The selling stockholders and any other person participating in a distribution will be subject to the applicable provisions of the Exchange Act and its rules and regulations. For example, the anti-manipulative provisions of Regulation M may limit the ability of the selling stockholders or others to engage in stabilizing and other market making activities.

From time to time, the selling stockholders may pledge their shares of common stock pursuant to the margin provisions of their customer agreements with their brokers. Upon default by a selling stockholder, the broker may offer and sell such pledged shares from time to time. Upon a sale of the shares, the selling stockholders intend to comply with the prospectus delivery requirements under the Securities Act by delivering a prospectus to each purchaser in the transaction. We intend to file any amendments or other necessary documents in compliance with the Securities Act that may be required in the event the selling stockholders default under any customer agreement with brokers.

In addition, any securities registered and offered pursuant to this prospectus which qualify for sale pursuant to Rule 144 or Rule 144A of the Securities Act may be sold under Rule 144 or Rule 144A rather than pursuant to this prospectus.

In order to comply with the securities laws of certain states, if applicable, the shares of common stock may be sold only through registered or licensed broker-dealers. We have agreed to pay all expenses incident to the offering and sale of the shares, other than commissions, discounts and fees of underwriters, broker-dealers or agents. We have agreed to indemnify the selling stockholders against certain losses, claims, damages, actions, liabilities, costs and expenses, including liabilities under the Securities Act.

 

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LEGAL MATTERS

Certain legal matters in connection with this offering will be passed upon for us by Clifford Chance US LLP, New York, New York. Venable LLP will pass upon the validity of the shares of common stock being offered hereby and certain other matters under Maryland law.

EXPERTS

The consolidated financial statements of CBRE Realty Finance, Inc. appearing in CBRE Realty Finance, Inc.’s Annual Report (Form 10-K) for the year ended December 31, 2007 (including schedule appearing therein), and the effectiveness of CBRE Realty Finance, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007 (excluding the internal control over financial reporting of Rodgers Forge and Monterey properties, which are included in the 2007 consolidated financial statements of CBRE Realty Finance, Inc.), have been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, as set forth in its reports thereon, which as to the report on the effectiveness of CBRE Realty Finance, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting contains an explanatory paragraph describing the above referenced exclusion of Rodgers Forge and Monterey properties from the scope of such firm’s audit of internal control over financial reporting, included therein, and incorporated herein by reference. Such financial statements have been incorporated herein by reference in reliance upon such reports given on the authority of such firm as experts in accounting and auditing.

 

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WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

We are subject to the informational requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and, in accordance therewith, we file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. You may read and copy any reports, statements or other information we file at the SEC’s public reference rooms located at 100 F Street, NE, Washington, D.C. 20549. Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information on the public reference rooms. Our SEC filings are also available to the public from commercial document retrieval services and at the web site maintained by the SEC at http: //www.sec.gov. We maintain a web site at www.cbrerealtyfinance.com. The information on our web site is not, and you must not consider the information to be, a part of this prospectus. Our securities are listed on the NYSE and all such material filed by us with the NYSE also can be inspected at the offices of the NYSE, 20 Broad Street, New York 10005.

We have filed with the SEC a registration statement on Form S-3, of which this prospectus is a part, under the Securities Act with respect to the securities. This prospectus does not contain all of the information set forth in the registration statement, certain parts of which are omitted in accordance with the rules and regulations of the SEC. For further information concerning our company and the securities, reference is made to the registration statement. Statements contained in this prospectus as to the contents of any contract or other documents are not necessarily complete, and in each instance, reference is made to the copy of such contract or documents filed as exhibits to the registration statement, each such statement being qualified in all respects by such reference.

The SEC allows us to “incorporate by reference” information into this prospectus, which means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to another document filed separately with the SEC. The information incorporated by reference is deemed to be part of this prospectus, except for any information superseded by information in this prospectus. This prospectus incorporates by reference the documents set forth below that we have previously filed with the SEC. These documents contain important information about us, our business and our finances.

 

Document

  

Period

Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-33050)

   Year ended December 31, 2007

Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 001-33050)

   Quarter ended March 31, 2008

Document

  

Filed

Current Reports on Form 8-K (File No. 001-33050)

  

January 25, 2008

February 5, 2008

March 10, 2008

(with respect to Item 8.01 only)

April 24, 2008

May 5, 2008

May 12, 2008

Document

  

Filed

Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A (File No. 001-33050)

   April 29, 2008

Document

  

Filed

Description of our common stock in Registration Statement on Form 8-A (File No. 001-33050)

   September 26, 2006

You should refer to the foregoing list of incorporated documents when considering investing in shares of our common stock. In addition, we incorporate by reference additional documents that we may file with the SEC pursuant to Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, between the date of this prospectus but before the end of any offering of securities made under this prospectus. Any statement herein or in a document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated herein by reference shall be deemed to be modified or superseded for purposes of this prospectus to the extent that a statement contained in any subsequently filed document which also is incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference herein modifies or supersedes such statement. Any such statement so modified or superseded shall not be deemed, except as so modified or superseded, to constitute a part of this prospectus.

 

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If you request, either orally or in writing, we will provide you with a copy of any or all documents that are incorporated by reference. Such documents will be provided to you free of charge, but will not contain any exhibits, unless those exhibits are incorporated by reference into the document. Requests should be addressed to CBRE Realty Finance, Inc., 185 Asylum Street, 31st Floor, Hartford, Connecticut, 06103, telephone number (860) 275-6200.

 

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PART II

INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS

 

Item 14. Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution.

The following table sets forth the costs and expenses expected to be incurred in connection with the sale and distribution of the shares of common stock being registered, all of which are being borne by the registrant.

 

SEC registration fee(1)

   $ —  

FINRA filing fee

     —  

Printing and engraving expenses*

     5,000

Legal fees and expenses*

     50,000

Accounting fees and expenses*

     15,000

Miscellaneous

     10,000

Total

   $ 80,000

 

* Does not include expenses of preparing prospectus supplements and other expenses relating to offerings of common stock.
(1) Pursuant to Rule 457(p) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, a portion of the registration fee of $35,866 previously paid by the Registrant in connection with the filing of Registration Statement No. 333-139355 has been offset against the filing fee payable with respect to this Registration Statement. A total of 10,436,146 shares and the corresponding previously paid fee of $1,760 are being carried forward from Registration Statement No. 333-139355 to this Registration Statement.

 

Item 15. Indemnification of Directors and Officers.

Maryland law permits a Maryland corporation to include in its charter a provision limiting the liability of its directors and officers to the corporation and its stockholders for money damages except for liability resulting from (a) actual receipt of an improper benefit or profit in money, property or services or (b) active and deliberate dishonesty established by a final judgment as being material to the cause of action. Our charter contains a provision which limits the liability of our directors and officers to the maximum extent permitted by Maryland law.

Our charter also authorizes our company, to the maximum extent permitted by Maryland law, to obligate our company to indemnify any present or former director or officer or any individual who, while a director or officer of our company and at the request of our company, serves or has served another corporation, real estate investment trust, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise as a director, officer, partner or trustee, from and against any claim or liability to which that individual may become subject or which that individual may incur by reason of his or her service in any such capacity and to pay or reimburse his or her reasonable expenses in advance of final disposition of a proceeding.

Our bylaws obligate us, to the maximum extent permitted by Maryland law, to indemnify any present or former director or officer or any individual who, while a director or officer of our company and at the request of our company, serves or has served another corporation, real estate investment trust, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise as a director, officer, partner or trustee and who is made, or threatened to be made, a party to the proceeding by reason of his or her service in that capacity from and against any claim or liability to which that individual may become subject or which that individual may incur by reason of his or her service in any such capacity and to pay or reimburse his or her reasonable expenses in advance of final disposition of a proceeding. Our charter and bylaws also permit our company to indemnify and advance expenses to any individual who served a predecessor of our company in any of the capacities described above and any employee or agent of our company or a predecessor of the our company.

Maryland law requires a corporation (unless its charter provides otherwise, which our charter does not) to indemnify a director or officer who has been successful, on the merits or otherwise, in the defense of any proceeding to which he or she is made, or threatened to be made, a party by reason of his or her service in such capacity. Maryland law permits a corporation to indemnify its present and former directors and officers, among others, against judgments, penalties, fines, settlements and reasonable expenses actually incurred by them in connection with any proceeding to which they may be made, or are threatened to be made, a party by reason of their service in those or other capacities unless it is established that:

 

   

the act or omission of the director or officer was material to the matter giving rise to the proceeding and (i) was committed in bad faith or (ii) was the result of active and deliberate dishonesty; or

 

   

the director or officer actually received an improper personal benefit in money, property or services); or

 

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in the case of any criminal proceeding, the director or officer had reasonable cause to believe that the act or omission was unlawful.

A court may order indemnification if it determines that the director or officer is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnification, even though the director or officer did not meet the prescribed standard of conduct or was adjudged liable on the basis that personal benefit was improperly received. However, under Maryland law, a Maryland corporation may not indemnify for an adverse judgment in a suit by or in the right of the corporation or for a judgment of liability on the basis that personal benefit was improperly received, unless in either case a court orders indemnification and then only for expenses. In addition, Maryland law permits a corporation to advance reasonable expenses to a director or officer upon the corporation’s receipt of:

 

   

a written affirmation by the director or officer of his or her good faith belief that he or she has met the standard of conduct necessary for indemnification by the corporation; and

 

   

a written undertaking by him or her or on his or her behalf to repay the amount paid or reimbursed by the corporation if it is ultimately determined that the standard of conduct was not met.

We have entered into indemnification agreements with each of our executive officers and directors. The indemnification agreements require, among other matters, that we indemnify our executive officers and directors to the fullest extent permitted by law and advance to the executive officers and directors all related expenses, subject to reimbursement if it is subsequently determined that indemnification is not permitted. Under these agreements, we must also indemnify and advance all expenses incurred by executive officers and directors seeking to enforce their rights under the indemnification agreements and may cover executive officers and directors under our directors’ and officers’ liability insurance. Although indemnification agreements offer substantially the same scope of coverage afforded under the bylaws, they provide greater assurance to directors and executive officers that indemnification will be available, because, as contracts, they cannot be modified unilaterally in the future by the board of directors to eliminate the rights they provide.

 

Item 16. Exhibits.

 

Exhibit No.

  

Description

  1.1    Form of Underwriting Agreement, if applicable.*
  4.1    Form of Certificate of Common Stock, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-3 filed with the SEC on May 16, 2008.
  5.1    Opinion of Venable LLP with respect to the legality of the common stock being registered, filed herewith.
  8.1    Opinion of Clifford Chance US LLP with respect to tax matters, filed herewith.
23.1    Consent of Ernst & Young LLP, filed herewith.
23.2    Consent of Venable LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1).
23.3    Consent of Clifford Chance US LLP (included in Exhibit 8.1).
24.1    Power of Attorney (included on signature page).

 

* To be filed by amendment or incorporated by reference in connection with the offering of securities.

 

Item 17. Undertakings.

 

  (a) The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes:

 

  (1) To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to the registration statement;

 

  (A) To include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933;

 

  (B) To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration statement, or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof, which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than a 20% change in the maximum offering price set forth in the “Calculation of Registration Fee” table in the effective registration statement;

 

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  (C) To include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution no previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to the information in the registration statement;

provided, however, that paragraphs (1)(A) and (1)(B) do not apply if the information required to be included in a post-effective amendment by those paragraphs is contained in periodic reports filed by the registrant pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, that are incorporated by reference in the registration statement.

 

  (2) That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each of these post-effective amendments shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of the securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

 

  (3) To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering.

 

  (b) The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that, for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each filing of the annual report of the registrant pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and, where applicable, each filing of an employee benefit plan’s annual report pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, that is incorporated by reference in the registration statement shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of the securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

 

  (c) Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, may be permitted to directors, officers or controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

 

  (d) The undersigned Registrant hereby further undertakes that:

 

  (1) For purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this registration statement in reliance under Rule 430A and contained in a form of prospectus filed by the Registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(1) or (4), or 497(h) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, shall be deemed to part of this registration statement as of the time it was declared effective.

 

  (2) For the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered herein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

 

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in New York, New York, on May 16, 2008.

 

CBRE REALTY FINANCE, INC.
By:  

/s/ Michael Angerthal

Name:   Michael Angerthal
Title:   Chief Financial Officer

POWER OF ATTORNEY

KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below hereby constitutes and appoints Kenneth J. Witkin and Michael Angerthal and each of them, his true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him and in his name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all amendments to this registration statement, and any additional related registration statement filed pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (including post-effective amendments to the registration statement and any such related registration statements), and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and any other documents in connection therewith, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in and about the premises, as fully to all intents and purposes as he might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents, or their substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this registration statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

 

Name

  

Title

  

Date

/s/ Ray Wirta

     
Ray Wirta    Chairman of the Board of Directors    May 16, 2008

/s/ Kenneth J. Witkin

     
Kenneth J. Witkin    Chief Executive Officer, President and Director (principal executive officer)    May 16, 2008

/s/ Michael Melody

     
Michael Melody    Director    May 16, 2008

/s/ Douglas Eby

     
Douglas Eby    Director    May 16, 2008

/s/ Vincent Costantini

     
Vincent Costantini    Director    May 16, 2008

/s/ Ricardo Koenigsberger

     
Ricardo Koenigsberger    Director    May 16, 2008

/s/ David Marks

     
David Marks    Director    May 16, 2008

/s/ Michael Angerthal

     
Michael Angerthal    Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer (principal financial and accounting officer)    May 16, 2008

 

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INDEX TO EXHIBITS

 

Exhibit No.

  

Description

  1.1    Form of Underwriting Agreement, if applicable.*
  4.1    Form of Certificate of Common Stock, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-3 filed with the SEC on May 16, 2008.
  5.1    Opinion of Venable LLP with respect to the legality of the common stock being registered, filed herewith.
  8.1    Opinion of Clifford Chance US LLP with respect to tax matters, filed herewith.
23.1    Consent of Ernst & Young LLP, filed herewith.
23.2    Consent of Venable LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1).
23.3    Consent of Clifford Chance US LLP (included in Exhibit 8.1).
24.1    Power of Attorney (included on signature page).

 

* To be filed by amendment or incorporated by reference in connection with the offering of securities.

 

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